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Journal articles on the topic 'Seed hardness'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

van der Meij, MA A., and R. G. Bout. "Seed selection in the Java Sparrow (Padda oryzivora): preference and mechanical constraint." Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, no. 9 (2000): 1668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-114.

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Very few studies address the effect of hardness on seed selection in granivorous birds. As a defense against predators, plant species may produce seeds of various hardnesses, some of which are too hard for a bird to crack. Unsuccessful cracking attempts lead to loss of time and, thus, lowers energy-intake rate. Birds may prefer seeds with a short handling time and a large chance of being cracked. However, without knowing the maximal cracking force of the bird, it is difficult to distinguish between seed selection as a result of mechanical constraints and selection as a result of preference. Ou

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2

Li, Zhenan, Tianyu Zhang, Minyi Zhu, et al. "High-Vigor Seeds Associated with Seed Hardness and Water Absorption Rate in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." Agriculture 12, no. 5 (2022): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12050712.

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Seed physical properties are stable and visualized, and believed to be reference indicators for screening high-vigor seeds. However, the detailed relationship between seed vigor and its physical properties is not fully understood in rice. To elucidate the relationship mentioned above, seed physical properties such as seed size, hardness, and water absorption rate, and seed vigor indicators including germination rate, salt-stressed germination rate, and drought-stressed germination rate were determined among different rice cultivars. Significant differences in seed vigor indicators and seed phy

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Ignatiev, S. A., A. A. Regidin, T. V. Gryazeva, and K. N. Goryunov. "Dynamics of alfalfa seed hardness change depending on the seed storage time." Grain Economy of Russia, no. 6 (January 29, 2020): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2019-66-6-46-49.

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A significant part of perennial legumes seeds, including alfalfa, after ripening, has a seed coat nonpermeable for water and air, and therefore they do not germinate immediately after sowing. This property is called seed hardness. The purpose of our research was to study seed hardness of the alfalfa samples in the collection of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” depending on the seed storage time. The seed hardness of the studied varieties after 1 month of storage ranged from 31 to 74% on average for two years. The varieties “Sonora 76” (the USA) and “Stavropolskaya 430” (Russia) possessed the highest v

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4

Gürsoy, S. "Some physical properties of lentil seeds affected by harvest time." Agricultural Science and Technology 12, no. 3 (2020): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2020.03.042.

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Abstract: The physical properties and the hardness of lentil seeds, which can also be affected by harvest times, are very important variables in the designing and adjustment of machineries used during harvest, handling and other processes. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of different harvest times on some physical and mechanical properties of lentil seeds. A field experiment was conducted at six harvest times including the harvesting at physiological maturity (H1) and 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days after physiological maturity (H2, H3, H4, H5 and H6, respectively). The varia

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5

Jiang, Lina, and Xianfeng Yi. "Can Seed Hardness Be an Ecological Filter in Seed Dispersal by Rodents?" Diversity 17, no. 3 (2025): 150. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17030150.

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Seed hardness has been acknowledged as one of the most significant physical traits influencing seed consumption and caching by animals. From an evolutionary perspective, a hard seed shell should potentially be regarded as a dispersal and predator escape strategy rather than a maladaptive trait of plants. However, to our knowledge, this prediction has not been adequately tested in the context of seed dispersal. Here, we offered seeds with hard shells to the main seed consumers widely distributed in two distinct forest ecosystems to test our hypothesis that a hard seed shell might act as an ecol

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6

Hamilton, Kim N., Sarah E. Ashmore, Rod A. Drew, and Hugh W. Pritchard. "Seed morphology and ultrastructure in Citrus garrawayi (Rutaceae) in relation to germinability." Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 6 (2007): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt06188.

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Combinational traits of seed size and seed-coat hardness in Citrus garrawayi (F.M.Bailey) (syn. of Microcitrus garrowayi) were investigated as markers for estimation of seed morphological and physiological maturity. Seed size (length) and coat hardness correlated well with changes in seed coat and embryo morphological development, dry-weight accumulation, decreases in moisture content and a significant increase in germinability. Seed moisture content decreased from 82 ± 1% in immature seeds to 40 ± 1% at seed maturation. The outer integument of immature seeds consisted of thin-walled epidermal

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7

Li, Haoxian, Lina Chen, Ruitao Liu, and Zhenhua Lu. "Role of Endogenous Hormones on Seed Hardness in Pomegranate Fruit Development." Horticulturae 11, no. 1 (2025): 38. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11010038.

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Seed hardness is a unique trait for edibility and an important breeding target for pomegranates. We compared changes in hormones during the development of soft- and hard-seeded varieties in order to identify key hormones and developmental stages that affect seed lignin synthesis and accumulation. During the development of pomegranate seeds, lignin accumulates significantly in the stereid layer, and the degree of lignification is higher in Shandazi than in Huazi cultivars. The results showed that the accumulation of lignin in the stereid layer of the outer pomegranate seed coat is the reason fo

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8

Pompelli, Marcelo F., Alfredo Jarma-Orozco, and Luis Alfonso Rodriguez-Páez. "Imbibition and Germination of Seeds with Economic and Ecological Interest: Physical and Biochemical Factors Involved." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (2023): 5394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15065394.

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In this study, we describe the seed imbibition of 14 different species, from crop, forest, and native species potentially able to recover landscapes and form sustainable green cities. Seed imbibition is a fundamental physical and physiological process for reactivating metabolism and hydrolytic enzymes that will provide seed germination. We verified that the water imbibition is more closely governed by differences between osmotic potential (Ψw) and surrounding media than seed weight or seed hardness. In turn, seeds of Spondias tuberosa and Euterpe oleracea that have a Ψw of −75 MPa and a tegume

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9

Rakovskaya, N. V., O. N. Zabegayeva, and E. A. Dzyubenko. "SEED QUALITY EVALUATION IN THE COLLECTION OF CYAMOPSIS TETRAGONOLOBA AFTER LONG¬TERM STORAGE UNDER UNCONTROLLED CONDITIONS." Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding 180, no. 4 (2020): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2019-4-48-58.

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Background. Guar or clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) is an annual leguminous plant cultivated for feed, food and industrial purposes. Its seed endosperm is used to extract guar gum, so the guar genetic resources stored in the VIR collection are of strategic importance for the import substitution policy in Russia in the context of their prospective introduction into cultivation in the country’s southern areas. Most of the guar accessions had been preserved by VIR for 40 years or more, so the task was to assess their germination rates and restore their viability. In the process o

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10

Bereded Sheferie, Mekuria. "Effect of Seed Priming Methods on Seed Quality of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) Genotypes." Advances in Agriculture 2023 (January 27, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3951752.

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Seed priming is an effective way of promoting seed germination and vigor of okra by alleviating seed dormancy in fresh or stored okra seeds. An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of seed priming treatment on seed physiological quality of okra genotypes. This experiment was conducted in a laboratory at Haramaya University in a completely randomized design with 4 replications. It comprised of 5 seed priming treatments (untreated seeds, tape water, 200 ppm GA3, 0.5% KH2PO4, and 50% cow urine) and 5 okra genotypes (Clemson, Arka Anamika, SOH701, 240207, and 240586). The results show

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11

Muzaiyanah, Siti, Trustinah Trustinah, and Sutrisno Sutrisno. "Pod Hardness, Porosity, and Seed Viability Levels of Several Peanut Varieties." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 30, no. 2 (2025): 286–92. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.30.2.286.

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The peanut pod shell is composed of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. It has pore channels that can give the seeds direct contact with the environment, resulting in the seeds quickly deteriorating due to temperature fluctuations. This research aims to determine the porosity of the pod shell of several peanut varieties, its relationship with the level of shell hardness, and its effect on seed deterioration that is indicated by seed viability. The research was designed using a randomized block factor design, with the first factor being the type of variety, consisting of Kidang, Hyphoma 3, La

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12

Nicolas, François, and Eric Rivals. "Hardness of optimal spaced seed design." Journal of Computer and System Sciences 74, no. 5 (2008): 831–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcss.2007.10.001.

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13

Pujari, K. H., and D. A. Rane. "CONCEPT OF SEED HARDNESS IN POMEGRANATE - II) HISTO-CHEMICAL STUDIES RELATION TO SEED HARDNESS IN POMEGRANATE." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1089 (July 2015): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2015.1089.12.

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Li, Xiaoyan, Yin Li, Xiaofen Yu, Fusheng Sun, Guangxiao Yang, and Guangyuan He. "Genomics-Enabled Analysis of Puroindoline b2 Genes Identifies New Alleles in Wheat and Related Triticeae Species." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 4 (2020): 1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041304.

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Kernel hardness is a key trait of wheat seeds, largely controlled by two tightly linked genes Puroindoline a and b (Pina and Pinb). Genes homologous to Pinb, namely Pinb2, have been studied. Whether these genes contribute to kernel hardness and other important seed traits remains inconclusive. Using the high-quality bread wheat reference genome, we show that PINB2 are encoded by three homoeologous loci Pinb2 not syntenic to the Hardness locus, with Pinb2-7A locus containing three tandem copies. PINB2 proteins have several features conserved for the Pin/Pinb2 phylogenetic cluster but lack a str

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15

Cruz-Jiménez, Israel, Jose Arturo De-Nova, María de la Luz Guerrero-González, Joel Flores, and Pablo Delgado Sánchez. "Interpopulation variation in seed germination and seed traits of Opuntia streptacantha." Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development 25 (December 16, 2023): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56890/jpacd.v25i.528.

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Cacti have a wide distribution in the arid and semi-arid ecosystems of Mexico, with environmental variations affecting both physical and physiological seed traits. Herein, the physical and ecophysiological traits of Opuntia streptacantha seeds were evaluated to determine whether they are affected by sites. The seeds from eight sites of O. streptacantha from six Mexican states were studied, Sain Alto, Villa de Guadalupe, Villa González Ortega (Zacatecas), Zaragoza (San Luis Potosí), Lagos de Moreno (Jalisco), San Luis de La Paz (Guanajuato), Cardonal (Hidalgo) and Santiago Tepetitlán (Estado de

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16

Jia, Wenjuan, Jiang Zhang, and Baocang Wang. "Hardness of Module-LWE with Semiuniform Seeds from Module-NTRU." IET Information Security 2023 (October 23, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/2023/2969432.

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The module learning with errors (MLWE) problem has attracted significant attention and has been widely used in building a multitude of lattice-based cryptographic primitives. The hardness of the MLWE problem has been established for several variants, but most of the known results require the seed distribution (i.e., the distribution of matrix A ) to be the uniform distribution. In this paper, we show that under the Module-N-th degree Truncated polynomial Ring Units (NTRU) (MNTRU) assumption, the search MLWE problem can still be hard for some distributions that are not (even computationally ind

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17

Nugroho, Juni Jekti. "The effectiveness of jackfruit seed paste (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk) as an alternative to enamel remineralization (in vitro)." Makassar Dental Journal 10, no. 2 (2021): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35856/mdj.v10i2.413.

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Background: Enamel as the hardest layer of teeth is susceptible to acid attack which can cause demineralization. This triggers a chemical reaction to release calcium ions from the tooth enamel which causes a decrease in the hardness of the enamel sur-face. Calcium and phosphate ions are minerals that can inhibit demineralization and increase remineralization. The 5% calcium and 20% phosphate content in jackfruit seeds has the potential to be used as a tooth remineralization material. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the application of jackfruit seed paste (Artocarpus heterophyllus

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18

Dai, Li, Yanwei Chen, and Xiaoli Wei. "Hard Seed Characteristics and Seed Vigor of Ormosia hosiei." Agriculture 13, no. 5 (2023): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13051077.

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The Ormosia hosiei is a secondary protected wild plant in China, and its seed has a hardness rate of 86%. To explore the characteristics of the hard seed and the difference in seed vigor between hard seeds and the non-hard seeds of O. hosiei, the water absorption characteristics, germination characteristics, seed coat structure, seed coat permeability, enzyme activity, and main biochemical substances of the O. hosiei seeds were determined. The results showed that the hard and dense seed coat is the main obstacle to absorbing water of O. hosiei seeds; the main reason is that the seed coat is co

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19

Lebedeva, A. A., S. D. Bakulin, T. A. Karasyova, and I. A. Safronova. "Germination biology of Hedysarum grandiflorum (Fabaceae) seeds under laboratory conditions." Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии 22, no. 2 (2023): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/pbssm.2023120.

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Germination biology of Hedysarum grandiflorum seeds research was conducted using seed material collected in one wild and one cultivated population growing in Rostov region and included an identification of seed laboratory germination degree, seed hardness, endogenic infection degree, and seed pathogens composition. A combinational dormancy type combining physical and non-deep physiological dormancy was identified in Hedysarum seeds. Stably high germination rates under laboratory conditions was demonstrated if mechanical scarification is used whereas efficiency of sulfuric acid treatment varies

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Zhang, Jialiang, Evan Siemann, Baoliang Tian, Wei Huang, and Jianqing Ding. "Differences in seed properties and germination between native and introduced populations of Triadica sebifera." Journal of Plant Ecology 13, no. 1 (2019): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtz048.

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Abstract Aims Seeds of many invasive plants germinate more quickly than those of native species, likely facilitating invasion success. Assessing the germination traits and seed properties simultaneously for introduced and native populations of an invasive plant is essential to understanding biological invasions. Here, we used Triadica sebifera as a study organism to examine intraspecific differences in seed germination together with seed characteristics. Methods We measured physical (volume, mass, coat hardness and coat thickness of seeds) and chemical (crude fat, soluble protein, sugar, gibbe

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21

Nelyubina, Zh S., and N. I. Kasatkina. "Influence of ultraviolet irradiation of perennial grasses seeds on their sowing quality." Agrarian science, no. 9 (November 2, 2021): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2021-352-9-97-100.

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A new direction in pre-sowing seed preparation is environmentally friendly and energyefficient ultraviolet irradiation, which increases germination, reduces seed infection, and improves growth force. In this regard, the experiment of studying the effect of UV irradiation on the sowing qualities and morphophysiological parameters of the seeds of the birds-foot trefoil and awnless brome was laid at the UdmFRC UB RAS in 2019. Use of UV rays of range A with a wavelength of 315–400 nm for 5 min reduced the infection of the birds-foot trefoil seeds by 3.2%, increased the length of the sprout by 0.81

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22

Ubaid, Mohammad, and Charanjiv Singh Saini. "Influence of Controlled Moisture Levels on the Dimensional, Gravimetric, Frictional, and Mechanical Characteristics of Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Seeds for Optimized Processing and Storage: An Attempt Towards Circular Economy." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 13, no. 1 (2025): 290–303. https://doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.13.1.19.

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This study evaluates the effects of varying moisture levels on the physicochemical, dimensional, gravimetric, frictional, and mechanical properties of grape seeds, essential for optimizing processing and handling. Results revealed that seed dimensions, including length, width, and thickness, significantly (P<0.05) expanded by 4.55%, 5.37%, and 5.47%, respectively, as moisture increased. Mean diameters (arithmetic and geometric), sphericity, and volumetric properties such as volume and surface area also increased, indicating structural changes in response to moisture. The volumetric expansio

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23

Wang, Huan, Li Chen, Song Dai, et al. "Seed coat anatomy of Cercis chinensis and its relationship to water uptake." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 100, no. 3 (2020): 276–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2019-0164.

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The hard seed coat of Cercis chinensis Bunge is an important factor of its dormancy. A study of the characteristics of water absorption is vital for understanding seed dormancy and germination. This investigation found that soaking in water at an initial temperature of 80 °C for 5 min was optimal for breaking the hardness of C. chinensis seeds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dye-tracking, and blocking experiments were used to examine the major water entry sites and the relationship between water uptake and seed coat structure during C. chinensis seed imbibition. The SEM images showed that

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Xie, X., Y. Huang, S. Tian, G. Li, and S. Cao. "Relationship of seed hardness development and microstructure of seed coat cell in soft seed pomegranate." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1254 (October 2019): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2019.1254.18.

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Francis, James Ogbozige, and Uzoamaka Nwobu Helen. "Comparative studies between aluminium sulphate, moringa seed and green plantain peel as coagulants." Algerian Journal of Engineering and Technology 5 (September 24, 2021): 9–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526253.

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Aluminium sulphate (alum) is the most commonly and widely used coagulant in water treatment plants however, literatures have revealed that it has certain setbacks that needs to be addressed including imparting acidity and hardness to water. Hence, the coagulation capacities of the seeds of moringa (<em>Moringa oleifera</em>) and peels of unripe or green plantain (<em>Musa paradisiaca</em>) which are abundantly available and currently considered as waste in most developing countries, were investigated in comparison with alum. This was achieved by using standard methods to treat raw water at dif

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Ding, S., M. Oba, M. L. Swift, et al. "Short Communication: The effect of seed hardness and malting characteristics on in situ dry matter digestibility of barley grain in beef heifers." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 95, no. 2 (2015): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas-2014-081.

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Ding, S., Oba, M., Swift, M. L., Edney, M., O'Donovan, J. T., McAllister, T. A. and Yang, W. Z. 2015. Short Communication: The effect of seed hardness and malting characteristics on in situ dry matter digestibility of barley grain in beef heifers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 299–303. An in situ study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between ruminal dry matter digestibility (DMD) and seed hardness or malting characteristics of barley grain. Samples were selected for low and high values of seed hardness index (53 vs. 65; N = 18), beta-glucan content in wort (122 vs. 316 ppm; N = 18), diasta

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27

Tripathi, Kuldeep, S. K. Chauhan, P. G. Gore, P. S. Mehta, I. S. Bisht, and S. Bhalla. "Evaluation of wheat landraces of north-western Himalaya against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. vis-à-vis physical seed parameters." Plant Genetic Resources 15, no. 4 (2016): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262115000672.

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AbstractThe north-western Himalaya is one of the rich repositories of wheat genetic resources because of the preponderance of locally developed traditional crop varieties owing to high agro-climatic heterogeneity and local socio-cultural diversity. In the present study, 100 wheat landraces of this diversity rich region were evaluated for variability in physical parameters of seed to understand the basis of resistance against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae. The evaluation was based on the parameter of growth index (GI) of S. oryzae in different landraces. GI was correlated with different quanti

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Nurhasanah, Ana, Wawan Hermawan, Tineke Mandang, et al. "Engineering properties of sorghum bioguma-variety for designing appropriate thresher and chopper machine." AIMS Agriculture and Food 8, no. 3 (2023): 720–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2023039.

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<abstract> <p>Sorghum is a versatile plant with various parts that can be utilized. However, information on the physical and mechanical properties of the sorghum plant is crucial for designing agricultural machinery for primary handling processes such as threshing and chopping. This study aimed to determine the technical characteristics of sorghum plants (Bioguma variety) including the physical and mechanical properties of the stems, leaves, panicles and seeds to design a configuration system concept for threshing and chopping machines capable of processing sorghum plants with high

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Refdi, CW, FZ Rasdiana, Rini, and R. Deswita. "Characteristics of Physical, Chemical, and Organoleptic Properties of Gulai, Kalio, and Rendang from Rubber Seeds (Hevea Brasiliensis) as Traditional Plant-based Food." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1182, no. 1 (2023): 012066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1182/1/012066.

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Abstract The study aimed to determine the physical, chemical, organoleptic characteristics and safety of rubber seeds (Hevea brasiliensis) which were processed into gulai, kalio, and rendang. This research used a descriptive exploratory method to determine the differences in rubber seeds’ physical, chemical, and organoleptic properties. The treatments in this study were processing rubber seeds into gulai with a cooking time of 1 hour, kalio with a cooking time of 2 hours, and rendang with a cooking time of 3 hours. Physical analysis showed the highest hardness value was in processing rubber se

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Pérez-García, Félix, and Adrian Escudero. "ROLE OF THE SEED COAT IN GERMINATION OF CISTUS POPULIFOLIUS L." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 45, no. 4 (1997): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1997.10676696.

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Effect of mechanical scarification, dry heat, hot water, and sulphuric acid on the germination behavior ofCistus populifoliusL. (rockrose) was studied. Untreated seeds after 60 days of incubation germinated less than 7%. After thermal treatments, 90% germination was achieved, and sulphuric acid pretreatment gave 61% germination. Soaking in distilled water did not increase germination, but scarification of the seed coat gave 57%. Hardness and impermeability of the seed coat appear to cause deep dormancy inC. populifoliusseeds.

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Pramono, Eko, Muhammad Kamal, Franciscus Xaverius Susilo, and Paul Benyamin Timotiwu. "CONTRIBUTIONS OF SEED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERS OF VARIOUS SORGHUM GENOTYPES (SORGHUM BICOLOR [L.] MOENCH.) TO DAMAGED SEED INDUCED BY WEEVIL (SITOPHILUS SP.) DURING STORAGE." JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA 18, no. 1 (2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.11839-50.

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Contributions of Seed Physical and Chemical Characters of Various Sorghum Genotypes (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench.) to Damaged Seed Induced by Weevil (Sitophilus sp.) During Storage. The percentage of damaged seeds due to feeding by Sitophilus sp. during storage varied among sorghum genotypes (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench.). Some researchers reported that the difference was influenced by the physical and chemical characters of the seed grains. This study aimed to determine the contribution of seed physical and chemical characters and their effect model on the percentage of damaged seeds due to w

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Sayed-Ahmad, Bouchra, Evita Straumīte, Mārtiņš Šabovics, et al. "Effect of Addition of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) on the Quality of Protein Bread." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 71, no. 6 (2017): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/prolas-2017-0088.

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Abstract Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) is an aromatic plant belonging to Apiaceae family widely cultivated elsewhere for its strongly flavoured leaves and seeds. Fennel seeds are of particular interest as a rich source of both vegetable and essential oils with high amounts of valuable components. However, residual cakes after oil extraction were typically considered as byproducts, in the present framework, the potential added value of these cakes was studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of addition of fennel cake and seeds to protein bread quality. In the current resea

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Gupta, R. K., Alka Sharma, and R. Sharma. "Instrumental Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) of Shelled Sunflower Seed Caramel Snack Using Response Surface Methodology." Food Science and Technology International 13, no. 6 (2007): 455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013207088369.

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Models capable of predicting product quality of shelled sunflower seed caramel snack have been developed using response surface methodology. The textural profile analysis was conducted on the snacks using a texture analyzer. The quality attributes measured were hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, chewiness, and resilience as a function of sugar and sunflower kernels content. The sugar and shelled seed proportions affect the textural characteristics of the product significantly (p<0.05). The values of hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, chewiness, and resilience varied from 2.048 to 42.030

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Bystrushkin, A. G., N. A. Kruglikov, and A. U. Belyaev. "Correlation of seed hardness and seed coat color in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (Fabaceae)." Bulletin of Botanic Garden of Saratov State University 17, no. 4 (2019): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1682-1637-2019-4-185-198.

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35

M. D. Evans, R. G. Holmes, and M. B. McDonald. "IMPACT DAMAGE TO SOYBEAN SEED AS AFFECTED BY SURFACE HARDNESS AND SEED ORIENTATION." Transactions of the ASAE 33, no. 1 (1990): 0234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.31321.

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Beghè, Deborah, Cristiana Giordano, Benedetto Pizzo, et al. "Characterization of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) through the Morphoanatomical and Lipid Profile of Seeds for the Valorisation of Italian Accessions." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (2022): 14780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214780.

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Pomegranate produces fruit with high nutritional value. Of particular interest is the woody part of the seed, which influences consumer acceptability and is rich in bioactive components. The aim of this study was to morphoanatomically and biochemically characterize the tegmen of local and commercial pomegranates grown in Italy. SEM and a texturometer were used for morphoanatomical and hardness analysis, respectively, and gravimetric and Soxhlet extraction, as well as a GS-MS instrument, were used for chemical analysis. In addition to the classic morphometric parameters, we described, for the f

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Salomão, Antonieta Nassif. "Tropical seed species' responses to liquid nitrogen exposure." Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 14, no. 2 (2002): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1677-04202002000200008.

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The ability to tolerate ultra-low temperature (-196 ºC) exposure was evaluated in 66 tropical orthodox seed species of 21 botanical families from the Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah) and Atlantic Forest Brazilian biomes. Liquid nitrogen had no effect on the germinability of 51 seed species. The stimulatory effect of cryogenic temperature on germinability, with or without subsequent chemical scarification, was observed in nine seed species with deep physical dormancy, or heterogeneous levels of seed hardness, or with no dormancy. Significant reduction in germinability occurred in six seed species,

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Lamichhane, Anuj, Mamata K.C., Manisha Shrestha, and Binaya Baral. "EFFECT OF SEED PRIMING ON GERMINATION OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus var. Arka Anamika)." Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 5, no. 2 (2021): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/mjsa.02.2021.111.114.

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Seed priming is an effective, eco-friendly method to promote seed germination and seedling vigor of okra to overcome the reduced and delayed germination in fresh or stored okra seeds caused by seed hardness. An experiment was carried to evaluate the effects of different priming on okra seeds germination and seedling vigor using Arka Anamika variety at Horticulture lab of Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Investigation was carried out with 6 treatments (T1: seed priming with tap water, T2: seed priming with 200ppm NAA solution, T3: seed priming with 10% PEG-200 soluti

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Alhamdaoui, Kamilia, Chouaib Benqlilou, and Haiat Essalmani. "Enhancing oilseeds cold pressing techniques based on HAZOP analysis for prickly pear seeds, Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill." Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 20, no. 1 (2021): e815. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/nbc.815.

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The main goal of the present study was to determine optimal conditions for the extraction of oil with high added value by cold pressing technique. Namely the feeding conditions of the Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. (OFI) seeds, as well as the definition of the manipulable variables of the Kern-Kraft 20 press were specified. These specifications combine HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) analysis and experience plan to find out correlation between yield and oil quality with the pressure, temperature, nozzle diameter, residence time, pressing speed while considering high hardness level of the seed

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Kshnikatkin, S. A., P. G. Alenin, I. A. Voronova, and T. A. Kiryukhina. "Methods for pre-sowing treatment of legume grass seeds to improve their sowing properties." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 953, no. 1 (2022): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/953/1/012032.

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Abstract In recent years, more and more areas of agricultural land have been cultivated with the valuable non-traditional fodder crop galega, which perfectly combines high productivity with excellent fodder values and sustainable seed production, rationally uses agro-climatic conditions of the zone and increases soil fertility, and is valuable as a forecrop and a honey-bearing plant. The sowing material of the Eastern galega contains 50…95% of seeds with a hard shell. Seed hardness is explained by impermeability of seed shells to water and air. To increase the germinating capacity of seeds and

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Leahu, Ana, Sorina Ropciuc, Cristina Ghinea, and Cristina Damian. "Physico-Chemical, Textural and Sensory Evaluation of Emulsion Gel Formulated with By-Products from the Vegetable Oil Industry." Gels 9, no. 12 (2023): 964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9120964.

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The aim of this study was to obtain low fat mayonnaise-like emulsion gels using sesame cake and walnut cake by-products resulting from vegetable oil extraction. The ingredients used to formulate the mayonnaise like emulsion gel samples were corn starch, sesame seed cake (SSC), walnuts seed cake (WSC), lemon juice, sunflower oil, mustard, sugar, salt, gelatin and water. Five different samples were prepared: one control lab sample (M) containing only corn starch and the other ingredients (without SSC and WSC), two samples (SO1 and SO2) with 2 and 4% of SSC (without corn starch and WSC) and two s

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Rizzo, Nicola, Manuel Cáceres, and Veli Mäkinen. "Exploiting uniqueness: seed-chain-extend alignment on elastic founder graphs." Bioinformatics 41, Supplement_1 (2025): i265—i274. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf225.

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Abstract Summary Sequence-to-graph alignment is a central challenge of computational pangenomics. To overcome the theoretical hardness of the problem, state-of-the-art tools use seed-and-extend or seed-chain-extend heuristics to alignment. We implement a complete seed-chain-extend alignment workflow based on indexable elastic founder graphs (iEFGs) that support linear-time exact searches unlike general graphs. We show how to construct iEFGs, find high-quality seeds, chain, and extend them at the scale of a telomere-to-telomere assembled human chromosome. Availability and implementation Our seq

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Apsari, Puput Andi, Dewi Nur Eka Sari, Aris Perdana Kusuma, and Oktavia Indrati. "Effervescent Tablet Formulation Melinjo Seed Extract (Gnetum gnemon L.) Using PEG 6000 As Lubricant and Citric Acid - Tartaric Acids As Acid Sources." JURNAL EKSAKTA 18, no. 1 (2018): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/eksakta.vol18.iss1.art4.

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Melinjo seeds (Gnetum gnemonÂ L.) have antioxidant properties one of which is from phenol compounds. However, there is no pharmaceutical dosage form of melinjo seeds especially effervescent tablet. The purpose of this research was to determine the best variation of citric-tartaric acid and PEG 6000 from effervescent tablet of melinjo seed extract. The effervescent tablet of melinjo seed extract were formulated with variation of citric-tartaric acid 25%:75%, 65%:35%, 50%:50%, 20%:80% and PEG 6000 0%, 2%, 3%, up to 5%. The effervescent tablet were made by melting parts of acids and bases, added

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Ahmad, T. Sule, Ali Muhammad, U. Diso Sani, and S. Nas Farouk. "Utilization of Moringa oleifera Seeds in Purification of Ground water at Challawa Industrial Area, Kano." Chemistry Research Journal 4, no. 1 (2019): 19–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13742391.

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Drinking water needs to be treated in order to remove impurities and bacteria to meet the quantity guidelines which satisfy for drinking water requirement according to world health organization. The aim of the study is utilizing <em>Moringa</em> <em>oleifera</em> seeds suspension in ground water purification as coagulating and softening agent. Ground water was collected from four different locations at Challawa industrial area of Kumbotso Local Government Kano State, Nigeria. The water samples were subjected to physico-chemical analysis using standard laboratory methods. Suspension from the se

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Zarei, Abdolkarim, Zabihollah Zamani, Reza Fatahi, Amir Mousavi, and Seyed Alireza Salami. "A Mechanical Method of Determining Seed-Hardness in Pomegranate." Journal of Crop Improvement 27, no. 4 (2013): 444–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15427528.2013.790867.

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Zhang, Bo, Pengyin Chen, Charles Y. Chen, et al. "Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Seed Hardness in Soybean." Crop Science 48, no. 4 (2008): 1341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2007.10.0544.

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Pradnya Putri, Ni Made Meilinda, Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani, and Ni Made Indri Hapsari Arihantana. "Pengaruh Perbandingan Tepung Kernel Biji Mangga Arum Manis (Mangifera indica L.) dan Tapioka (Manihot utilissima) Terhadap Karakteristik Biskuit Bebas Gluten." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA) 14, no. 1 (2025): 68. https://doi.org/10.24843/itepa.2025.v14.i01.p06.

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Mango seed kernel are high in carbohydrates this can be used to make biscuits. To reduced hardness, required the addition such as tapioca. The aim of this study was to determine the effect ratio of mango seed kernel flour and tapioca on biscuits characteristics and determine the right comparison to make biscuit with the best characteristics. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatment levels, with ratio of mango seed kernel flour and tapioca: 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50, each treatment was repeated 3 times. Data was analyzed used ANOVA then by Duncan

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Striem, M. J., G. Ben-Hayyim, and P. Spiegel-Roy. "Identifying Molecular Genetic Markers Associated with Seedlessness in Grape." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 121, no. 5 (1996): 758–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.5.758.

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Excluding seeded offspring at an early stage could be of great value to the breeder concerned with the development of seedless grapes (Vitis vinifera L.). We used the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique to identify molecular genetic markers, analyzing 82 individuals of a progeny resulting from a cross between `Early Muscat' (seeded) and `Flame Seedless'. Seven variables representing the traits of seedlessness were analyzed: mean fresh weight of one seed, total fresh weight of seeds per berry, perception of seed content, seed size categories evaluated visually, degree of hardness

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Búrbano, Edgar A. "Efecto de la escarificación química en la calidad de semilla de Centrosema spp. durante el almacenamiento." Agronomía Mesoamericana 1 (June 27, 2016): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/am.v1i0.25338.

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One of the most important forage legumes for acid and unfertile tropical soils is Centrosema spp. This genus is characterized by extremely hard seeds. Even with optimum conditions, because of its hard seeds, much does not germinate naturally. With this in mind, three species were selected, C. acutifolium, C. macrocarpum and C. brasilianum to evaluate the effect of chemical scarification on germination and emergence. Also, germination and emergence for these three entries were evaluated after having been stored for nineteen months at 18°C and 50 % relative humidity. Seed counts with and without

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Matita, Intan Cidarbulan, Lucia Crysanthy Soedirga, and Irene Andriani. "Utilization of Chia Seeds Powder in Wet Noodle Substituted with Modified Cassava Flour." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 39, no. 1 (2024): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v39i1.77711.

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The Indonesian food industry needs to utilize local food commodities as an alternative to wheat, supporting local farmers as part of sustainable agriculture. Modified cassava flour (MOCAF) has similar characteristics to wheat flour yet it lacks gluten and has low protein content. Chia seeds have the potential to improve the textural characteristics of gluten-free products due to their gel-forming ability and are a good source of plant-based protein. This study aims to utilize chia seed powder in the formulation of wet noodles substituted with MOCAF to possibly obtain wet noodles with equal tex

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