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Nel, Andries Abraham. "Determinants of sunflower seed quality for processing." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2001. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09012001-132144.
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Liu, Haibo. "SEED devices used in optical signal processing applications." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq25657.pdf.
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Rethwisch, Michael D., Charles Poole, Rick Poole, and Rudy Pacheco. "Effect of Dry Seed+ Application at Planting 1998 on Processing Onion Yields." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214952.
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Dry Seed+, a fertilizer/plant growth regulator, was applied to processing onions at planting in the fall of 1998 to evaluate the effect on yields. Yield data obtained June 1999 indicated no effect in this experiment, although this was dissimilar to other trial results. Salt content at the field was thought to have limited yields, and have stressed growing plants, which may have contributed to lack of yield differences noted. Further testing is necessary to further evaluate this product.
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McDowell. "Cold pressed rapeseed oil : seed pre-processing technologies, chemical characterisation and spectroscopic authentication." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.727747.
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Cold pressed rapeseed oil is produced when the seeds from the Brassica napus crop are crushed at a low temperature. This research sought to investigate the extent seed pre-processing and cultivar could be used to alter the composition of cold pressed rapeseed oil in relation to bioactive compounds. It also aimed to characterise UK and Irish cold pressed rapeseed oils and compare them with other popular types of edible oils. Finally, a range of spectroscopic techniques and chemometric models were tested for their ability to detect the substitutional adulteration of cold pressed rapeseed oil with lesser value oils. With regards to cold pressed rapeseed oil pre-processing, microwaving and thermal roasting significantly increased the abundance of phenolic acids and the antioxidant activity of cold pressed rapeseed oil. The volatile composition was also significantly altered by these pre-processing techniques. Cultivar had little impact on chemical composition. Characterisation of a range of UK, Irish and French cold pressed rapeseed oils found that all oils adhered to quality parameters. French oils had significantly higher levels of antioxidant activity than UK or Irish. Cold pressed rapeseed oil had higher levels of phenolic acids than refined rapeseed oil and was also more stable under heat stress. Spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, Raman, 400MHz NMR, 60 MHz NMR) were tested with chemometric models to see to what extent cold pressed rapeseed oil adulteration could be classified and quantified. Refined rapeseed oil adulteration in cold pressed rapeseed oil was best classified by the 400 MHz NMR, then Raman, FT-IR and 60 MHz NMR. Refined sunflower oil was best classified by the 400 MHz NMR, followed by FT-IR, then Raman and 60 MHz NMR. Levels of adulteration detection showed refined sunflower could be detected at lower levels than refined rapeseed oil.
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Gungor, Ugras. "Design Of A New Equipment For Sesame Seed Dehulling." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/678/index.pdf.
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In this study, new methods and processing equipments for sesame dehulling were investigated.
First, water absorption of sesame seed was studied at 20, 30, and 40°C. The data could be modeled using Peleg equation where it was found that the constant k1 was inversely related to temperature but the effect of temperature on k2 was negligible. In the second phase of the work a lab scale continuous screw conveyor as dehuller and two equipments, (1) fluidized bed dryer and (2) hull separator to function as agitator, dryer and separator, for hull separation were designed. Fluidized bed unit was unsuccessful as it caused rapid drying of seeds before hulls can be removed. Using designed dehuller and hull separator, seeds at 30.5, 50.4 and 70.7 % db moisture contents were processed at dehuller speeds of 420, 840, and 1150 rpm. It was found that the percentage of dehulled seeds was linearly dependent on moisture content, optimal speed of designed dehuller was 840 rpm, and results for the efficiency of dehulling the seeds were significantly the same at 420 and 1150 rpm. Repeated passes of seeds through dehuller not only increased the efficiency of dehulling but also the percentage of damaged seeds. A dehulling efficiency of about 92.5 % was attained after four passes. The possibility of soaking seeds in an enzyme solution before dehulling was also investigated. By this means, after soaking in 0.2 % (v/v) Peelzyme-I solution for 15 min, a dehulling efficiency of 95 % was achieved.
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Bartone, Stephen M. "Amaranth Grain Seed Cleaner Development and Testing." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1481038808801139.
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Harkett, Peter John. "Studies on the use of cut seed tubers for the production of potatoes for French fry processing." Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309520.
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De, Beer Marc. "The influence of processing of soyabeans and sunflower seed on their energy and amino acid availability for poultry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53652.
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Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: 1. The effect of heat-treatment and dehulling of full-fat soya (Glycine max) on AMEn' amino acid availability and broiler performance. Heat treatment and dehulling of full-fat soya were evaluated in terms of their effect on AMEn, apparent amino acid availability and broiler performance. Four products were tested: raw whole soya (RWS), raw dehulled soya (RDS), extruded whole soya (EWS) and extruded dehulled soya (EDS). Trials were conducted to determine AMEn values and apparent amino acid availability of the products. A 42-day broiler trial was conducted to measure the effect of extrusion and dehulling on broiler performance. Test products were added to the diets at levels up to 263.2 g/kg in the starter diet and 260.0 g/kg in the finisher diet. Results indicated that extrusion cooking improved AMEn and apparent amino acid availability. This was reflected in the improved performance of broilers fed extruded soya as compared to raw soya. Increasing amounts of RWS and RDS led to decreases in mass and intake and poor feed conversion ratio (FeR) due to the presence of anti-nutritional factors. Broilers fed EWS were heavier, consumed more feed and had better FeR than those fed RWS or RDS. Dehulling improved AMEn (EWS: 13.75 MJ/kg vs EDS: 15.09 MJ/kg) and rendered a product with slightly higher levels of total amino acids. Broiler performance did not reflect this as there was no difference in mass, intake or FeR between broilers fed increasing levels of EWS or EDS. Lysine and arginine were less available in EDS than EWS indicating the possible over-cooking of EDS. Levels of EWS and EDS of 263.2 g/kg in the starter and 260.0 g/kg in the finisher supported maximum broiler performance. 2. The effect of heat-treatment and dehulling of full-fat sunflower (Helianthus annuus) on AMEm amino acid availability and broiler performance. Heat treatment and dehulling of full-fat sunflower were evaluated in terms of their effect on AMEn, apparent amino acid availability and broiler performance. Four products were tested: raw whole sunflower (RWSF), raw dehulled sunflower (RDSF), extruded whole sunflower (EWSF) and extruded dehulled sunflower (ED SF). Trials were conducted to determine AMEn values and apparent amino acid availability of the products. A 42-day broiler trial was conducted to measure the effect of expansion and dehulling on broiler performance. Test products were added to the diets at levels up to 115.0 glkg in the starter diet and 181.5 glkg in the finisher diet. Dehulling rendered a product with higher crude protein, ether extract, amino acid and AMEn values. AMEn was only slightly improved by expansion. The AMEn values obtained were: RWSF: 16.03 MJ/kg, RDSF: 18.87 MJ/kg, EWSF: 16.22 MJ/kg, EDSF: 19.49 MJ/kg. Dehulling had no effect on apparent amino acid availability. Expansion did not affect apparent amino acid availability of dehulled full-fat sunflower but had a negative influence on apparent amino acid availability of whole sunflower seeds. This highlights the possible dangers of reduced protein quality as a result of overprocessing. No differences were observed in terms of mass, intake and feed conversion ratio of broilers fed any of the products during the 42-day broiler growth trial. All products supported optimum broiler performance at levels up to 115.0 glkg in the starter diet. For the finisher diets, optimum performance was maintained at levels of 181.5 glkg, for RDSF and EDSF, while performance of broilers fed RWSF and EWSF was optimal up to 145.2 glkg.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 1. Die invloed van hitte-behandeling en ontdopping van volvetsojabone (Glycine max) op SMEm skynbare aminosuur beskikbaarheid en braaikuikenprestasie. Hitte-behandeling en ontdopping van volvetsojabone is ge-evalueer in terme van hul invloed op stikstof gekorrekteerde skynbare metaboliseerbare energie (SMEn) waardes, skynbare aminosuur beskikbaarheid en braaikuikenprestasie. Vier produkte is getoets: rou heel sojabone (RWS), rou ontdopte sojabone (RDS), geekstrueerde heel sojabone (EWS) en geekstrueerde ontdopte sojabone (EDS). Proewe is uitgevoer om die SMEn waardes en skynbare aminosuur beskikbaarheid van die vier produkte te bepaal. Gedurende 'n braaikuikengroeitoets van 42 dae is die invloed van hittebehandeling (ekstrusie) en ontdopping op braaikuikenprestasie gemeet. Die vier toetsprodukte is ingesluit in die aanvangsdieet teen peile van tot 263.2 g/kg en teen peile van tot 260.0 g/kg in die afrondingsdieet. Resultate het getoon dat ekstrusie die SMEn waardes en skynbare aminosuur beskikbaarheid verbeter het. Braaikuikens wat geekstrueerde soja ontvang het, het beter gepresteer as braaikuikens wat rou soja ontvang het. Verhoogte insluitings van RWS en RDS het gelei tot verlagings in massa toename en voerinname en swak voeromsetverhoudings (VOV), as gevolg van die teenwoordigheid van anti-voedings faktore. Braaikuikens wat EWS ontvang het, was swaarder, het meer ingeneem en het beter vav gehad as die wat RWS of RDS ontvang het. Ontdopping het SMEn verhoog (EWS: 13.75 MJ/kg vs EDS: 15.09 MJ/kg) en ontdopte produkte het klein hoeveelhede meer aminosure bevat. Dit het egter nie in braaikuikenprestasie gewys nie. Daar was geen verskille in massa, voerinname en vav tussen braaikuikens wat EWS of EDS ontvang het. Lisien en arginien was minder beskikbaar in EDS as EWS wat op die moontlike oorprosessering van EDS dui. Vlakke van EWS en EDS van 263.2 g/kg in die aanvangsdieet en 260.0 g/kg In die afrondingsdieet het maksimale braaikuikenprestasie ondersteun. 2. Die invloed volvetsonneblosaad van hitte-behandeling (Helianthus annuus) en ontdopping van op SMEo, skynbare aminosuur beskikbaarheid en braaikuikenprestasie. Hitte-behandeling en ontdopping van volvetsonneblomsaad is geevalueer in terme van hul invloed op stikstof gekorrekteerde skynbare metaboliseerbare energie (SMEn) waardes, skynbare aminosuur beskikbaarheid en braaikuikenprestasie. Vier produkte is getoets: rou heel sonneblomsaad (RWS), rou ontdopte sonneblomsaad (RDS), geekspandeerde heel sonneblomsaad (EWS) en geekspandeerde ontdopte sonneblomsaad (EDS). Proewe is uitgevoer om die SMEn waardes en skynbare aminosuur beskikbaarheid van die vier produkte te bepaal. Gedurende 'n braaikuikengroeitoets van 42 dae is die invloed van hitte-behandeling (ekspansie) en ontdopping op braaikuikenprestasie gemeet. Die vier toetsprodukte is ingesluit in die aanvangsdieet teen peile van tot 115.0 g/kg en teen peile van tot 181.5 g/kg in die afrondingsdieet. Ontdopte sonneblomsaad het hoer peile van ruproteien, eter-ekstrak en aminosure as heel sonneblomsaad. SMEn waardes is ook hoer vir ontdopte sonneblomsaad. Hitte-behandeling het SMEn waardes effens verhoog. Die bepaalde SMEn waardes is as volg: RWSF: 16.03 MJ/kg, RDSF: 18.87 MJ/kg, EWSF: 16.22 MJ/kg, EDSF: 19.49 MJ/kg. Ontdopping het geen invloed op skynbare aminosuur bekikbaarheid gehad nie. Skynbare aminosuur beskikbaarheid van ontdopte sonneblomsaad IS me deur hitte-behandeling beinvloed nie, terwyl die van heel sonneblomsaad negatief beinvloed is. Dit beklemtoon die gevare van verswakte proteien kwaliteit as gevolg van oor-prosessering. Geen verskille is opgemerk in terme van massa, voerinname en voeromset verhouding (VOV) tussen die vier produkte gedurende die braaikuikengroeitoets van 42 dae. Alle produkte het maksimale braaikuiken prestasie ondersteun in die aanvangsdieet teen vlakke van 115.0 g/kg. In die afrondingsdieet het RDSF en EDSF optimale braaikuikenprestasie onderhou teen vlakke van 181.5 g/kg, terwyl RWSF en EWSF net t
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Bogamuwa, Srimathi Priyadarshani. "FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THREE SEED-SPECIFIC TANDEM CCCH ZINC FINGER PROTEINS IN Arabidopsis thaliana." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417514831.
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Ngungeni, Yonela. "Antimicrobial, anticancer and catalytic activities of green synthesized Avocado seed extract-gold nanoparticles." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7809.
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>Magister Scientiae - MScNature through billions of years of trial and error has produced an immeasurable amount of natural systems like plants, birds and animals. The intelligence of nature is hidden in these natural systems and researchers are turning towards “Nature’s intelligence” to find inspiration and advance novelty in the development of nanomaterials. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have unique optical, electronic and physicochemical features which has gained them popularity and widespread exploitation in various applications. The conventional methods used for AuNPs synthesis employs toxic chemicals which makes these NPs unsafe for biomedical applications. Hence, there is a search for new, ‘green’ and more cost effective methods for AuNPs synthesis. Plant extracts are regarded as a highly desirable system for nanoparticle synthesis due to their tremendous capability to produce a wide range of phytochemicals that can act as reducing agents. The main goal of this study was to synthesize AuNPs in a cost effective manner without the use of toxic chemicals in the synthesis process. Avocado seeds which are an agricultural waste by-product were used for the biosynthesis of AuNPs. The study reports on the synthesis optimization, characterization and activities of the biogenic AuNPs. The avocado seed extract mediated - AuNPs (AvoSE-AuNPs) were optimized by varying reaction parameters and characterized by UV-visible, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Zetasizer and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The formation of AvoSE-AuNPs had an absorption maximum at 534 nm. HRTEM and DLS confirmed that the NPs were polydispersed and present in different shapes. The presence of phytochemical constituents on the AvoSE-AuNPs were confirmed by FTIR. Their potential antibacterial activity was tested on bacterial strains known to exhibit resistance to a number of current antibiotics. The catalytic activity of AvoSE-AuNPs was also assessed as a means to contribute to the development of new methods aimed at alleviating organic pollutants such as nitrophenols in the environment. The AvoSE-AuNPs demonstrated excellent catalytic activity in the reduction of 4-NP by NaBH4 as shown by the rapid decrease in the nitrophenolate absorption band at 400 nm and the appearance of new absorption band at 298 nm, revealing the formation of the 4-aminophenol. Furthermore, the rate constants calculated demonstrated that the reaction occurs faster in the presence AvoSEAuNPs. The AvoSE-AuNPs showed low significant cytotoxicity. Cell cycle analysis was conducted to further investigate the apparent exhibited toxicity of the AvoSE-AuNPs. The results showed that in both cell lines treated with AvoSE-AuNPs and AvoSE there was a ii | P a g e disruption in the regulation of cell cycle. Cell cycle analysis helped improve understanding of the low cytotoxicity observed by the MTT assay results. The results presented in this study clearly demonstrate the feasibility of using AvoSE for the synthesis of AuNPs. This study demonstrated that AvoSE mediated AuNPs synthesis is a greener alternative as it abides by the green chemistry principles. Furthermore, the study outcomes contributed to minimizing environmental pollution by finding use for agricultural waste and thus ultimately adding value to the field.
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Cilingir, Ceren. "Crop Processing In The Early Bronze Age Houses Of Ikiztepe: Identification And Analysis Of Archaeobotanical Remains." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610477/index.pdf.
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ikiztepe is the largest excavated mound type settlement of prehistoric times in the Black Sea region in Turkey. It is located ca. 55 km northwest of Samsun, 7 km northwest of Bafra and is within the boundary of the present day village of Ikiztepe. The carbonised seeds and fruits secured from the occupation levels of ikiztepe houses dating from Chalcolithic to the Transition period are used to identify the crop processing activities conducted within the domestic units. Areas of fine sieving activity and the storage areas could be detected by the help of the analysis of the archaeobotanical materials. A comparison of the crop processing habits of the occupants of ikiztepe and other Early Bronze Age settlements in Anatolia is also made.
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Enes, Adilson Machado. "Análise de frequência do biospeckle laser aplicada ao mapeamento de fenômenos em sementes de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris l.)." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256881.
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Orientadores: Inacio Maria Dal Fabbro, Roberto Alves Braga JúniorTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola
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Resumo: O biospeckle laser é um fenômeno óptico de interferência que ocorre quando há incidência de luz coerente em um material biológico que exibe algum tipo de atividade. Essa atividade pode ser decorrente de processos biológicos ou de fatores puramente físicos, como a evaporação e a vibração ambiental. O conjunto de elementos físicos e biológicos que alteram o padrão de interferência do biospeckle laser é constituído por diversos elementos. Atualmente, diversas técnicas de processamento de imagens tem sido empregadas para quantificar o nível de atividade de materiais biológicos e correlacionar esses níveis com padrões de qualidade. No entanto, as técnicas empregadas até o momento para analisar sementes por meio do biospeckle laser não conseguem diferenciar os diversos elementos de forma satisfatória. A diferenciação desses elementos é de fundamental importância para o aproveitamento do fenômeno em aplicações reais, tais como a análise de viabilidade e vigor de sementes. Essa diferenciação possibilitaria a elaboração de procedimentos de análise rápidos, automáticos, objetivos e não destrutivos. Entre os elementos de grande relevância para a análise de sementes estão os danos físicos, que podem ser decorrentes de impacto durante o manejo, de ataques de insetos, entre outros e, normalmente, provocam na semente áreas com atividade biológica reduzida. Por outro lado, uma semente pode conter áreas infestadas por fungos e microrganismos diversos, sendo que essas áreas, no geral, constituem áreas de alta atividade biológica. A fundamentação teórica do biospeckle laser permite supor que seja possível identificar e mapear os fenômenos decorrentes da atividade biológica em sementes, inserindo no processamento das imagens, técnicas de análise de frequência como a Transformada de Wavelets (TW). Desta forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo principal verificar a potencialidade da TW aplicada ao sinal do biospeckle laser, para identificar e mapear fenômenos de atividades em sementes de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Para a aquisição dos dados foram utilizados uma câmera monocromática, uma câmera digital, um emissor laser HeNe vermelho de 632 nm e 10 mW de potência e um emissor laser de diodo de 632 nm e 5 mW de potência. Para aferir os resultados foi utilizado o teste padrão de Tetrazólio (TZ). Utilizando as técnicas mencionadas, foram gerados mapas digitais de atividade, sendo esses comparados com os resultados do TZ. Os resultados mostraram que o mapeamento pela TW são capazes de identificar danos naturais e mecânicos em sementes de feijão. Os danos térmicos provocados artificialmente também são identificados, bem como as atividades decorrentes de reações químicas superficiais. A técnica de filtragem por TW apresenta grande potencialidade na identificação de fenômenos de baixa e alta atividade nas sementes de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) e, seus resultados, podem ser correlacionados com danos e contaminações
Abstract: The laser biospeckle is an optical interferometric phenomena that occurs when an incident light insides on an active biological material surface. The material activity can be originated from biological processes or even from some isolated physical phenomena. It does exist a group of components in a biological material which can change the biospeckle interference pattern. Many images processing techniques have been employed to quantify the activity level of a biological material and to correlate it with quality patterns. However, the techniques employed at this time for to quantify activity level and to evaluate seed quality, can not be employed to identify the components with acceptable accuracy. However, the identification and differentiation of these components is of fundamental importance to technique development applicable to a variety of situations as seed viability analysis, seed vigor, generating quick and non destructive, as well as capable of automation methods. Physical damages occurring by impact during product handling, insect attack and others do generate zones of low biological activities. By other side, seeds can exhibited zones attacked by fungi and other microorganisms holding high biological activities. Theoretical considerations support the possibility of identifying as well as mapping the phenomena originated from biological activities in seeds by inserting Wavelets Transform (TW) and Frequency Analysis in the image processing. Based on what it has been exposed before, the objectives of this research work can be summarized as to verify the potentiality of the Wavelets Transform (TW) applied to the laser biospeckle signal in indentifying and mapping phenomena associated to activities in seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris, L. The experimental setup included a monochromatic camera, a digital camera, a 632 red and 10 mW powered HeNe laser and a diode 632 nm and 5 mW powered. A tetrazolium (TZ) test was employed as a pattern test. The above described procedure generated digital maps of activity which were compared with the TZ. Results showed that the technique are able of identifying natural and mechanical bruising beans seeds. Artificialy generated thermal and chemical damages were identified as well. TW filtering techniques exhibits significant potentiality in indentifying high and low activities in beans seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) that can be correlated to damages and contaminations
Doutorado
Maquinas Agricolas
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola
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Shepherd, Colin. "Analysis of Globulin-1 promoter activity and the expression of GFP in transgenic maize seed tissues and processing of GFP-containing grain." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
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Brant, Henrique Sarmento Caldeira. "Qualidade das sementes e emergência da plântula de espécies de recobrimento para restauração de florestas estacionais semideciduais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-04012016-171441/.
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Uma das técnicas de restauração ecológica de vegetação nativa testada é a semeadura direta ou plantio de sementes, que pode diminuir custos, facilitar a implantação e a adaptação rápida da espécie ao ambiente comparando ao plantio de mudas. Porém, essa técnica não suplantou o plantio de mudas e um dos questionamentos é sobre abaixa germinação das sementes e do desconhecimento das práticas adequadas de semeio. Portanto, nessa pesquisa avaliaram-se a qualidade, características e desempenho de sementes de cinco espécies florestais nativas, testando também algumas técnicas de semeio no campo. As sementes utilizadas são de espécies arbóreas de recobrimento: Croton floribundus, Croton urucurana, Guazuma ulmifolia, Solanum granulosoleprosum e Trema micrantha de dois lotes (um comprado no mercado e outro colhido pelo pesquisador no campo).A qualidade dessas sementes foi determinada por meio dos parâmetros físicos: pureza, teor de água, massa de mil sementes, largura, comprimento, área, circularidade, cor (sistemas RGB e banda G), peso e densidade aparente; fisiológicos: a velocidade e a taxa de emergência das plântulas e sanitário: avaliação dos fungos presentes nas sementes. Métodos para o beneficiamento dos lotes de sementes, a partir dos parâmetros físicos foram testados. E foram avaliadas a profundidade de semeadura e a emergência das plântulas das sementes tratadas e não-tratadas através do priming, testados em laboratório e em campo. A caracterização física dos lotes (comprado e colhido) foi semelhante (pureza e teor de água), as outras medidas físicas foram em geral diferentes entre os lotes e geralmente maiores para o lote colhido, e apenas para a G. ulmifolia o lote comprado foi superior. Fisiologicamente, os lotes (comprado e colhido) foram similares, porém o lote de G. ulmifolia comprado e de T. micrantha colhido emergiram mais, e as demais espécies foram semelhantes. O mesmo pode-se afirmar para o índice de velocidade de emergência das plântulas (IVEP), que também foram semelhantes entre os lotes, mas não para TMEP (Tempo Médio de Emergências das Plântulas). Para sanidade, os lotes colhidos obtiveram menor incidência de fungos fitopatogênicos. A densidade aparente foi a variável mais correlacionada com a emergência das sementes. Já as melhores profundidades de semeadura foram de 1 cm para a S. granulosoleprosum, 2 cm para a G. ulmifolia e de 1-2 cm para as demais espécies. O priming foi significativo, em laboratório, para C. floribundus em emergência, IVEP e TMEP, e T. micrantha em IVEP. Em campo, o priming reduziu o TMEP de C. floribundus e de T. micrantha, e melhorou o IVEP desta. As espécies mais recomendadas para semeadura direta a partir da emergência em campo são: S. granulosoleprosum >C. floribundus >G. ulmifolia >C. urucurana >T. micrantha. O monitoramento de emergência das plântulas pode ser realizado em 50 dias para S. granulosoleprosum, 65 dias para T. micrantha e 30 dias para as demais. Concluem-se que os lotes (comprados ou colhidos) são adequados, o uso da densidade aparente é o melhor método de beneficiamento e não houve benefícios significativos com o priming. Essas práticas podem ser empregadas em semeadura direta em restauração ecológica.One of ecological restoration techniques for native vegetation tested is the direct sowing or planting seeds, which can lower costs, easy deployment and rapid adaptation of species to the environment compared to planting seedlings. However, this technique does not supplanted the planting of seedlings and one of the questions is on the low germination of native species and the lack of best practices of sowing. Therefore, in this study it was evaluated the quality, features and performance of five native species seeds, also testing some sowing techniques in the field. The seeds used were tree species filling, Croton floribundus, Croton urucurana, Guazuma ulmifolia, Solanum granulosoleprosum and Trema micrantha two lots (one purchased in the market and another collected by the researcher in the field). The quality of these seeds was determined by the physical parameters: purity, water content, mass of thousand seeds, width, length, area, roundness, color (RGB systems and G band), weight and specific gravity; Physiological: the speed and the emergence rate of seedlings and health: assessment of fungi present in the seeds. Methods for processing of seed lots, from the physical parameters had tested. And it evaluated the depth of sowing and seedling emergence of seeds treated and non-treated by priming, tested in laboratory and on field. Physical characteristics of the lots (purchased and harvested) was similar (purity and water content), other physical measurements were generally different between lots and generally larger for the lot harvested, and only for the G. ulmifolia purchased lot was higher. Physiologically, lots (purchased and harvested) were similar, but G. ulmifolia purchased lot emerged more and T. micrantha harvested lot was better, and the other species were similar. The same said for the seedling emergence speed index (SESI), which were also similar between lots, but not for MTES (Mean Time Emergencies of Seedlings). For sanity, lots harvested was lower incidence of pathogenic fungi. The specific gravity was the most correlated variable with the emergence of seeds. Already the best sowing depths were 1 cm for S. granulosoleprosum, 2 cm to G. ulmifolia and 1-2 cm for other species. The priming was significant in the laboratory for C. floribundus in emergency, SESI and MTES, and T. micrantha in SESI. In the field, the priming reduced the MTES for C. floribundus and T. micrantha, and improved SESI this. The most recommended species for direct sowing on field in emergency are: S. granulosoleprosum>C. floribundus>G. ulmifolia>C. urucurana>T. micrantha. The emergency monitoring of seedlings can be done in 50 days for S. granulosoleprosum, 65 days for T. micrantha and 30 days for the other. To conclude that lots (purchased or harvested) are suitable, the use of the specific gravity is the best processing method and no significant benefits with priming. These practices may be employment in direct sowing in ecological restoration.
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Melo, Lilian Faria de [UNESP]. "Etapas do beneficiamento na qualidade física, fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de capim-colonião." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/142840.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
As sementes de gramíneas forrageiras recebidas pelas empresas após a colheita contêm impurezas cuja remoção é realizada por máquinas de beneficiamento. Este procedimento é necessário para a obtenção de sementes dentro dos padrões de qualidade para a comercialização e a semeadura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das etapas de beneficiamento na qualidade física, fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de Panicum maximum cultivares Tanzânia, Mombaça e Massai. As sementes foram amostradas antes do processamento e após a saída da máquina de ar e peneiras (descarga das peneiras superior, intermediária e fundo), primeira mesa gravitacional (deriva, descarga superior e intermediária), máquina tratadora e segunda mesa gravitacional (descarga superior, intermediária e inferior). As sementes foram avaliadas quanto ao teor de água, qualidade física (pureza e peso de mil sementes), fisiológica (germinação, primeira contagem, classificação do vigor de plântulas, envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento de plântulas, emergência de plântulas em campo e índice de velocidade de emergência) e sanitária (Blotter Test). O beneficiamento de sementes na máquina de ar e peneiras e mesa gravitacional é eficiente para o aprimoramento da qualidade física dos lotes das três cultivares de Panicum maximum e fisiológica somente para as cultivares Mombaça e Massai. O tratamento das sementes de Panicum maximum cultivar Tanzânia com tinta corante reduz a velocidade de emergência de plântulas em campo. Tendo como referência os padrões de comercialização nacional de sementes, o beneficiamento é necessário somente para o lote da cultivar Mombaça, para atender aos requisitos de pureza. Os fungos encontrados nas sementes de Panicum maximum cultivares Tanzânia, Mombaça e Massai durante o beneficiamento foram: Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cercospora sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia sp., Epicoccum sp., Fusarium sp., Helminthosporium sp., Penicillium sp., Phoma sp. e Rhizopus sp.. Foi encontrado também para a cultivares Tanzânia e Mombaça o fungo Rhizoctonia sp., Microspora sp., Pyrenochaeta sp. para as cultivares Mombaça e Massai, e Nigrospora sp. somente para a cultivar Massai. Esses fungos encontram-se alojados interna e externamente nas sementes e podem ser disseminados pelas máquinas de beneficiamento. Algumas etapas de beneficiamento são capazes de reduzir parcialmente a incidência de alguns fungos.
The harvested seeds upon being received by the forage grass company, are found to be contaminated with impurities which are removable by processing machines. This procedure is necessary to produce seeds of a quality level within standards established for commercialization and sowing purposes The objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of processing phases on the physical, physiological and physiological quality of guinea grass cv. Tânzania, Mombaça and Massai (Panicum maximum) seeds for commercialization purposes. Seeds were sampled before processing and after leaving the air and screen machine (upper and intermediary screens and bottom); first gravity table (drift, upper and intermediate spouts); treating machine; second gravity table (upper, intermediate, and lower spouts). Seeds were evaluated as to water content, physical quality (purity and 1,000 seeds weight) and physiological (germination, first count of germination, seedling vigor classification, accelerated aging, primary root length, aerial part length, seedling emergence in the field, and speed of emergence index). The sanitary test was conducted according to the filter paper method (Blotter test) with the seeds being superficially disinfested. The processing of seeds in the air screen cleaner and gravity table is effective to improve the physical quality of batches of three cultivars of Panicum maximum and physiological only for Mombaça and Massai cultivars. Seed treatment with dye ink reduces the speed of emergence seedling field. With reference to the national marketing standards of seeds, processing is only necessary to cv. Mombaça to meet the purity requirements. Fungi found in the seeds of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, Mombaça and Massai during processing were Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cercospora sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia sp., Epicoccum sp., Fusarium sp., Helminthosporium sp., Penicillium sp., Phoma sp. and Rhizopus sp. It was also found for the cultivars Tanzania and Mombaça fungus Rhizoctonia sp., Microspora sp., Pyrenochaeta sp. for Mombaça and Massai cultivars and Nigrospora sp. only to cultivate Massai. These fungi are internal and externally housed in the seeds and are disseminated by the processing machines. Some processing steps are able to partially reduce the incidence of some fungi.
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Domene, Maria Paula. "Avaliação de unidade de beneficiamento de milho (Zea mays L.) e diretrizes para implantação de sistema de gestão da qualidade." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256901.
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Orientadores: João Domingos Biagi, Benedito Carlos BenedettiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola
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Resumo: As indústrias de sementes e alimentícias têm sofrido pressões do mercado para produção de matéria-prima segura em relação às contaminações físicas, químicas e biológicas. Um caminho inverso começa a ser percorrido, no qual se tira o foco apenas do controle da qualidade do produto final, iniciando-se o rastreamento de toda a cadeia produtiva, para que os processos possam ser controlados e medidas preventivas possam ser tomadas para melhoria da qualidade e diminuição dos prejuízos. Este modelo exige que normas e padrões sejam seguidos a fim de assegurar a inocuidade dos alimentos. Contudo, estas normas são eficientes quando utilizadas em sistemas que tenham algum nível de organização, mas o que se observa é que os produtores rurais não dominam as ferramentas gerenciais comprometendo o controle da qualidade. Um fator que é observado dentro de unidades de beneficiamento (UB) de grãos e de sementes é a variabilidade do produto recebido, em relação aos aspectos físicos e sanitários. Assim, com a finalidade de avaliar o processo de beneficiamento de milho, adequando-se ainda mais às exigências do mercado consumidor e da legislação, foi desenvolvido este trabalho conjunto entre a COPLACANA (Cooperativa dos Plantadores de Cana do Estado de São Paulo), sediada no município de Piracicaba-SP, FEAGRI/UNICAMP, ESALQ/USP e CATI. Foram realizados levantamentos para determinação dos pontos críticos de controle (PCCs) através da avaliação do sistema de beneficiamento de grãos de milho da UB da COPLACANA. Ao final do levantamento, foi observada a variabilidade do material recebido quanto aos grãos avariados e, baseado nesta variabilidade da matéria-prima, testou-se se as sujidades influenciariam nas propriedades físicas dos grãos. Buscando alternativas seguras na manipulação e para o meio ambiente, foi testado o efeito de óleos essenciais de espécies de Eucalyptus citriodora, E.camaldulensis e o efeito sinérgico na germinação de sementes. Ao final da pesquisa, foram determinados quatro pontos críticos de controle principais que deveriam ser trabalhados, sendo eles recepção, limpeza, secagem e armazenagem; já os pontos críticos de controle em relação à infraestrutura, ambiental e capacitação, são complementares. O grau de umidade dos grãos recebidos na UB apresentou umidade média de 18,5%, sendo o mês de fevereiro o mais crítico, o que pode ter influenciado na qualidade dos grãos em relação a grãos ardidos. O monitoramento nas fases de pré-colheita e colheita é recomendado para minimizar os danos imediatos e de ardidos nos grãos. Em relação às propriedades físicas, as porcentagens de sujidades influenciaram nos valores da massa aparente específica, velocidade terminal e o coeficiente de atrito para a chapa de concreto. O óleo essencial de Eucaliptus camaldulensis e sua interação com o óleo essencial de Eucaliptus citriodora não influenciaram negativamente na germinação das sementes. Os fungos Penicillium spp e Fusarium sp. Foram controlados pelos óleos essenciais de E. camaldulensis e E. citriodora
Abstract: The seed and food industries have suffered from market pressures to produce safe raw material in relation to physical contamination, chemical and biological weapons. A reverse path starts to go, in which it takes the focus only on the quality control of the final product, starting tracking the entire production chain, so that processes can be monitored and preventive measures can be taken to improve quality and reduction of losses. This model requires that rules and standards are followed to ensure food safety. However, these Standards are effective when used in systems that have some level of organization, but what is observed is that farmers do not dominate the managerial tools compromising quality control. One factor that is observed within processing units (UB) of grains and seeds is the variability of the product received in the physical aspects and health. Thus, in order to evaluate the process of maize improvement, adapting to the demands of even the consumer market and the legislation was developed this collaborative effort between the COPLACANA (Cane Growers Cooperative of State of São Paulo) based in Piracicaba- SP, FEAGRI /UNICAMP, ESALQ / USP and CATI. We raised the critical control points by evaluating the system of processing of corn from the UB COPLACANA. At the end of the survey, we observed the variability of the material received regarding damaged grains and decided to check the influence of dirt on the physical properties of the grains. Seeking alternatives for safe handling and the environment, it was decided to test the effect of essential oils of species of Eucalyptus citriodora, E.camaldulensis and synergistic effect on seed germination. At the end of the study, we determined four main critical control points that should be worked while they were receiving, cleaning, drying and storage, as the critical control points in relation to infrastructure, environmental and training are complementary. The moisture content of grain received at UB had average humidity of 18,5%, being the month February the most critical, which may have influenced the quality of grains for burning grains. The monitoring in the pre-harvest and harvest is recommended to minimize the immediate damage and rot in the grains. Regarding physical properties, the percentages of dirt influenced by the values of apparent specific mass, terminal velocity and the coefficient of friction for the concrete plate. The essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and this interaction with essential oil of Euclyptus citriodora had no effect germination. Penicillium spp and Fusarium sp were controlled by the essential oils of E. camaldulensis and E. citriodora
Doutorado
Tecnologia Pós-Colheita
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola
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Gezer, Pervin Gizem. "Modeling Drying Kinetics Of Grape Seeds And Skins From Turkish Cultivars." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613387/index.pdf.
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Grape pomace is a valuable waste product and various end-products have been obtained after treatments. Recently, these have been commercialized due to their health-promoting effects. Drying is a crucial part of these treatments. This study aimed to analyze the drying kinetics of grape pomace parts, which are seeds and skins. Two grape types were used in this study, namely Emir and Bogazkere varieties of Vitis Vinifera species. Seeds and skins of each variety were dried in a tray dryer at an air velocity of 1 m/s with four different air temperatures40, 50, 55 and 60°
C. The drying curves showed that the drying r ate increased with the air temperature. Six different drying models were selected from the literature and the best fitted model was determined by application of appropriate statistical methods. It was found that for Bogazkere seeds
Modified Two Term Model, for Bogazkere and Emir skins
Modified Page Model and for Emir skins
Logarithmic Model gave the best fit. The effective moisture diffusivities of each type were found for each temperature and were determined by two different approaches, experimental and estimation. The values and variation of Deff / L2 with temperature were calculated and were found to be increasing with temperature and that the Deff / L2 values were larger for grape skins than grape seeds. Arrhenius type equation was used in order to explain the temperature dependency of Deff / L2.
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Carvalho, Orlei Amilton de. "RELACÕES ENTRE A CLASSIFICAÇÃO E A QUALIDADE DAS SEMENTES DE FEIJÃO (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2012. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2230.
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Previous issue date: 2012-10-09Brazil is the world's largest producer of Phaseolus vulgaris L. bean specie,however the average productivity is still low. The seed quality is directly correlated with the crop productivity and its profit. In a lot of bean seeds, the best results are from biggest seeds. Therefore the results vary and there is no consensus on how and under what conditions this might occur. Thus, the objective of this research was evaluate the relationship between seed quality and seed sieve classification. Some results, related to physical and physiological parameters, showed the best quality of seeds classified by thickness in 5,5 mm sieve compared to seeds classified in 4,76 mm and 4,3 mm sieves.For field results, there was seed size influence for height of pod insertion, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod, with a decrease in plants grown from seeds with a thickness of 4.36 mm. Then, there is difference in seed bean quality, cultivar IPR Tangará, classified by thickness; the yield compounds were affected by seed bean classification; bean seed classified by thickness in 4,9 mm sieve reduced yield.
O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de feijão, da espécie Phaseolus vulgaris L., entretanto a produtividade média é baixa. A qualidade de semente utilizada relaciona-se com a produtividade e o lucro obtido. Em um lote de sementes de feijão, as de maior tamanho podem gerar plântulas com melhor desenvolvimento que favorecem o rendimento no final do ciclo das plantas. No entanto, os resultados obtidos variam e não há consenso de como e em quais condições isso pode ocorrer. Assim, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar as relações entre a classificação e a qualidade das sementes de feijão. Alguns resultados, relacionados aos parâmetros físico e fisiológico, mostraram diferenças de qualidade em função da classificação por espessura, principalmente entre as peneiras de 5,5 mm e as de 4,76 e 4,36 mm. Os resultados dos parâmetros avaliados em campo determinaram a influência da espessura da semente na altura de inserção de vagens, no número de vagens por planta e de grãos por vagem, havendo o decréscimo em plantas oriundas de sementes com espessura de 4,36 mm. Dessa forma, é possível concluir que sementes de feijão, cultivar IPR Tangará, têm diferença de qualidade em função da classificação por espessura; os componentes do rendimento são afetados pela classificação das sementes; as sementes com espessura inferior a 4,9 mm proporcionam os menores rendimentos.
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Camozzato, Antonio Marcos. "Produção de sementes de trigo pela empresa Condor Agronegócios - Cascavel PR." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2010. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1516.
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Previous issue date: 2010-11-22The objective of this study was to analyze the components of wheat seed production of Condor Agribusiness Cascavel/PR, from 1997 to 2007. To reach this objective a study case was made in order to analyze the variations over the 11 years of wheat seed production by the company Condor Agribusiness; also analyze the variation of approved area; processing operation; approved and commercialized lots and characterize the wheat seeds production in Brazil concerning to the behavior of supply and demand. Through the analysis and data interpretation was possible to conclude that the approved area variation occurs because of climate influence or factors that make the crop not to grant the norms for seed production. During the process operation, the discarding percentage varies according to impurity and humidity rates and wheat middling. The quality of seeds that come from the field cause variations in the approved lots because they do not reach the requirements of official seed patterns. The commercialization average is 77 %.
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os componentes da produção de sementes de trigo da empresa Condor Agronegócios Cascavel/PR, no período entre os anos de 1997 a 2007. Para atingir este objetivo delimitaram-se alguns objetivos específicos: analisar as variações durante os 11 (onze) anos de produção de sementes de trigo pela empresa Condor Agronegócios; analisar as variações de área aprovada, beneficiamento, lotes aprovados e comercializados; caracterizar a produção de sementes de trigo no Brasil no comportamento da oferta e da demanda. A análise e interpretação dos dados possibilitou concluir que as variações de área aprovada ocorrem por influência do clima ou por fatores que façam com que o campo não atenda as normas para produção de sementes. No beneficiamento a percentagem de descarte varia conforme os índices de impureza, umidade e triguilho. A qualidade com que a sementes chegam do campo faz com que ocorram variações nos lotes reprovados por não atenderem as exigências do laboratório oficial de analise de sementes. A média de comercialização é de 77%. A percentagem de semente comercializada sofre influência do mercado pelo preço do grão no momento do plantio e de outras opções de plantio no inverno.
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Levinski, Paulo Afonso. "Indicadores técnicos e comerciais da Empresa Sementes Oilema." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2012. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1418.
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Previous issue date: 2012-12-18Oilema Seeds Company is located in the West Bahia and works with soybean seed production. Founded in 1998, has a strong presence in the market where it operates. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the technical and commercial company indicators. Were analyzed indicators such as field use (AC), incoming efficiency (RR), processing efficiency (EB), damage and losses (IQT), index disposal of batches (IDL), commercialization efficiency (EC) and Technical and Commercial Efficiency (ETC). In the period under study, it was found that production areas have increased while field utilization levels decreased, but preserving the direction of strategies to ensure quality. Besides the high-tech into production and processing, innovations in the commercial area were developed, in order to strengthen the Oilema Seeds trademark.
A empresa Sementes Oilema está localizada no Oeste da Bahia e atua na produção de sementes de soja. Fundada em 1998, possui forte presença no mercado onde atua. Diante disso, o presente estudo objetivou analisar os indicadores técnicos e comerciais da empresa no período de 2006/07 até 2011/12. Foram analisados: Aproveitamento de Campo (AC), Rendimento de Recebimento (RR), Eficiência de Beneficiamento (EB), Quebra Técnica (QT), Índice de Descarte de Lotes (IDL), Eficiência de Comercialização (EC) e Eficiência Técnica e Comercial (ETC). Constatou-se que as áreas de produção aumentaram e os níveis de aproveitamento de campo reduziram, porém no rumo das estratégias para zelar pela qualidade. Além da alta tecnologia nas esferas de produção e beneficiamento, inovações na área comercial foram empregadas, com a finalidade de manter o fortalecimento da marca.
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Lima, Daniel Caio de. "Avaliação do vigor e germinação de sementes de soja a partir da análise de imagens de plântulas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18152/tde-15042015-104931/.
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A cultura de soja desempenha um papel importante na economia nacional, por isso seria importante o estabelecimento de métodos de testes precisos que pudessem auxiliar na determinação da qualidade das sementes para definição do destino certo de um lote, direcionando-o para plantio ou alimentação. Testes de vigor são testes que levam em consideração a relação entre a semente e o ambiente de semeadura e complementam os resultados de testes de germinação, descrevendo o potencial que um lote de sementes possui para o desenvolvimento de plântulas normais sob um amplo conjunto de condições ambientais. O método clássico para avaliação da germinação e do vigor de sementes baseia-se na inspeção visual das plântulas após um período de germinação sendo um processo demorado e subjetivo, assim, neste trabalho é proposta uma novo método para automatizar a avaliação da germinação e do vigor de um lote de sementes de soja com base no desenvolvimento das plântulas, por meio da análise de imagens digitais. As imagens deste experimento são capturadas por um scanner e depois são submetidas a procedimentos para que se possam extrair as características relevantes para calcular o vigor. Foram avaliados três métodos para segmentar as imagens baseados nos modelos de cor RGB, HSV e imagens geradas pelo resultado de operações matemáticas entre canais dos dois modelos, foram testadas duas metodologias para separar o cotilédone da raiz em plântulas, sendo uma baseada no detector de bordas Canny e outra no detector de cantos SUSAN. Para calcular o índice de vigor, foram utilizadas equações propostas por outro Sako e também foi desenvolvida uma equação baseada no processo de irrigação de solo para análise de uniformidade do comprimento de plântulas. Como resultados obtiveram-se uma média de 91% de cotilédones removidos corretamente das imagens e uma nova equação que melhor representa a uniformidade e elimina a subjetividade humana.Soybean plays an important role in the national economy, so it would be important to establish accurate methods that can assist in determining the quality of seeds to define the right destination to the seed lots, directing it to planting or feeding. Vigor tests are tests that consider the relationship between the environment and seed and complement germination tests results, describing the potential that seed lot has for developing normal seedlings under a wide range of environmental conditions. The classic methods to evaluate seed germination and vigor are based in visual inspection after a germination period, taking much time and it is a subjective task, thus this paper purposes a new method to automatize seed germination and vigor assessment based on seedlings growth using digital images analysis. Images for this experiment are captured by a scanner and then they are submitted to procedures which can extract relevant characteristics to calculate vigor and germination. Three different methods were tested to segmentate images using RGB and HSV color models and images created by results of mathematical operations among arrays of this two color models, having two methodologies to cotyledon from root in seedlings, being one based on Canny edge detector and another based in SUSAN corner detector. To calculate vigor index were tested equations purposed by another authors and also purposes using an equation developed to soil irrigation adapted for assess length uniformity of seedlings. As results we obtained an average of 91% of cotyledons removed properly from images and a new equation that best represents the uniformity of a seed lot and eliminates human subjetivity.
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Rocha, émerson Couto da. "Qualidade de sementes de três espécies arbóreo-arbustivas da Floresta Ombrófila Mista." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2013. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1175.
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Previous issue date: 2013-08-27The Mixed Rain Forest, popularly known as Araucaria Forest, is being deforested. From its original surface only approximately 1% remains. This study aimed to contribute to the restoration /recovery process of this vegetation type through studies on seeds of three native species of trees and bushes, based on harvest, overcome of possible dormancy and seed processing. The species explored in this study were: Miconia cinerascens Miq. var. Cinerascens, Vernonanthura discolor (Spreng.) H. Rob and Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong. The ideal time to harvest for all these species was defined, considering morphological maturation parameters. Fruit harvest was performed in two remnants of Araucaria Forest (Rio Rufino and Lages, both in Santa Catarina) in 2012 and 2013, where the matrices were selected. After harvest, the seeds were extracted manually and dry matter, moisture level, germination and seed vigor were evaluated. Germination tests were conducted in germinators of B.O.D type, where conditions were controlled according to each species involved. Gerbox was used and blotting paper worked as substrate for M. cinerascens var. cinerascens and V. discolor and sand used for S. glandulosum - all moistened whenever necessary. In seeds of M. cinerascens var. cinerascens were tested lighting conditions (constant light, alternation with 12 hours photoperiod and dark) and methods for overcoming seed dormancy (sulphuric acid for five minutes, gibberellic acid (GA3) at 0.2% for 12 hours, combination of sulphuric acid for five minutes and GA3 at 0.2% for 12 hours) were tested. To evaluate the germination of V. discolor, the experiment followed a factorial 2 x 2 format, consisting of two stages of maturation and two methods of processing the seeds (with and without blower). In the seeds of S. glandulosum, the experiment was in factorial 2 X 2 X 4, with two stages of maturation; seeds with and without pressure; and four methods of scarification: alternating temperature of 15/30 oC and GA3 at 0.2% for 24 hours; alternating temperature of 20/30 oC and GA3 at 0.2% for 24 hours, plus control. The evaluations were conducted every two days, when the seed that sprouted the first pair of cotyledons was considered germinated. The experiments were conducted from randomized design, with four replicates of 25 seeds per treatment. Data was evaluated at a significance level α = 0.05. It can be concluded that the fruit of M. cinerascens var. cinerascens should be picked in their ripe stage and their seeds germinated under constant light after being soaked in GA3 at 0.2% for 24 hours. The ideal time to harvest the fruit of the V. discolor is when their achenes are immature with green coloration; however, the use of the blower is not efficient for processing. As for S. glandulosum, the ideal time to harvest is when the fruit is open, with the aril of seeds red, and they should be germinated after pressure and use of GA3 for 24 hours at alternating temperatures of 15/30 ºC under constant light
A Floresta Ombrófila Mista, popularmente conhecida como Floresta das Araucárias, está em processo de desmatamento, restando da sua superfície original aproximadamente 1%. Este estudo visou contribuir no processo de restauração/recuperação desta fitofisionomia, ofertando tecnologia na germinação de sementes de três espécies arbóreo-arbustivas nativas, tendo como princípio a colheita na época ideal, a superação da possível dormência e o beneficiamento das sementes. As espécies alvo deste trabalho foram a Miconia cinerascens Miq. var. cinerascens, a Vernonanthura discolor (Spreng.) H. Rob e o Sapium glandulosum (L.) Morong. Para essas espécies citadas foram definidos estádios de maturação para proceder à colheita de frutos na melhor época possível, tendo como referência parâmetros de maturação. As colheitas dos frutos foram realizadas em dois remanescentes de Floresta Ombrófila Mista (Rio Rufino, SC e Lages, SC), em 2012 e 2013. Após a colheita dos frutos, as sementes foram extraídas de forma manual para todas as espécies. Foram avaliados a massa seca, o teor de água, a germinação e o vigor das sementes recém-colhidas. Os testes de germinação foram conduzidos em germinadores tipo B.O.D, em condições controladas de acordo com a espécie. Utilizou-se gerbox e como substrato papel mata-borão para a M. cinerascens var. cinerascens e para a V. discolor e areia para o S. glandulosum, umedecidos quando necessário. Em sementes de M. cinerascens var. cinerascens, foram testadas condições de luminosidade (luz constante, alternância com fotoperíodo de 12 horas e escuro) e métodos para superação da dormência das sementes (ácido sulfúrico por cinco minutos, ácido giberélico (GA3) a 0,2% por 12 horas, combinação de ácido sulfúrico por cinco minutos e GA3 a 0,2% por 12 horas). Para avaliar a germinação das sementes de V. discolor o experimento seguiu em esquema fatorial 2 X 2, constituído de dois estádios de maturação e dois métodos de beneficiamento das sementes (com soprador e sem de soprador). Nas sementes de S. glandulosum, o experimento definitivo seguiu em esquema fatorial de 2 X 2 X 4 (dois estádios de maturação; sementes com e sem pressão; e quatro métodos de superação de dormência: temperatura alternada de 15/30 oC e GA3 a 0,2% por 24 horas; temperatura alternada de 20/30 oC e ácido giberélico GA3 a 0,2% por 24 horas, além da testemunha em ambas as temperaturas alternadas. As avaliações foram realizadas a cada dois dias, onde se considerou germinada a semente que emitiu o primeiro par de cotilédones. Os experimentos foram instalados a partir do delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições de 25 sementes por tratamento. Os dados foram avaliados a um nível de significância α = 0,05. Foi concluído que os frutos de M. cinerascens var. cinerascens devem ser colhidos no seu estádio maduro e as suas sementes colocadas para germinar sob luz constante após imersão em GA3 a 0,2% por 24 horas. A época ideal para realizar as colheitas dos frutos de V. discolor é quando seus aquênios estiverem imaturos com coloração verde, no entanto o uso do soprador não foi eficiente. Já para o S. glandulosum, o momento ideal de colheita é quando o fruto estiver aberto, com o arilo das sementes vermelho, e colocadas para germinar após pressão e com uso de GA3 por 24 horas a uma temperatura alternada de 15/30 ºC sob luz constante
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Teixeira, Everton Felix. "Análise de imagens digitais na avaliação de plântulas de milho." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-25042005-155848/.
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A análise de imagens digitais tem grande potencial de uso na determinação do vigor de sementes. Associada ao teste de crescimento de plântulas, essa técnica possibilita a análise dimensional de imagens com rapidez e precisão. O resultado é a extensão total de cada plântula via quantificação computadorizada do comprimento de suas partes constituintes. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi estudar o vigor de lotes de sementes de milho, por meio do teste de crescimento de plântulas, utilizando-se a análise de imagens. Plântulas de milho (genótipo AG122) foram retiradas do germinador ao quarto dia de desenvolvimento e ordenadas sobre uma folha de poliéster transparente na superfície de um scanner para a captação das imagens. Desenvolveu-se uma rotina de processamento no programa Scil-Image para a análise das imagens digitais obtidas das plântulas. Houve medição computadorizada da extensão total, com a soma usual do comprimento do coleóptilo ao comprimento da maior raiz da plântula e, também, não usualmente, ao tamanho de todo sistema radicular. As plântulas foram mensuradas manualmente, visando a comparação com o método em estudo. Os resultados mostraram que a técnica digital possibilita a associação dos dados obtidos no processamento a eventuais diferenças de vigor existentes em lotes de sementes de milho, de maneira similar a outros métodos destinados à avaliação do vigor de sementes da referida espécie.The image analysis has high potential use in seed vigor determination. Associated to the seedlings growing test, this technique is fast, precise and makes possible the dimensional image analysis. The result is the total extension of each seedling quantifying the length of their constituent parts. With the purpose of studying the corn seed lots vigor through the seedlings growing test, using the digital images analysis, the corn seedlings (AG122 genotype) were taken from the germination chamber at the fourth day of development and ordered over a sheet, made with a transparent polyester film, on a scanner surface to the images capture. A routine was developed to process digital images of seedlings into the Scil-Image software. There was a computational procedure to measure the total length, with the usual sum of coleoptile to the main root length of seedling and also, not usually, to all root system. The seedlings were measured manually, seeking comparison with the method in study. The results showed that the digital technique makes possible association of the data obtained in processing to eventual vigor differences existing in corn seed lots, in a similar way to the other methods appointed to seed vigor evaluation by referred species.
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Ren, Xuehong Buschle-Diller Gisela. "Biomimicking of enzymes for textile processing." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/Send%2012-15-07/REN_XUEHONG_37.pdf.
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Benoit, Landry. "Imagerie multimodalité appliquée au phénotypage haut-débit des semences et plantules." Thesis, Angers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ANGE0084.
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Au cours de ce travail nous avons utilisé les potentialités de différentes modalités d'imagerie, que nous appliquons au domaine du végétal afin de contribuer au phénotypage haut-débit des semences et plantules. Nous nous somme principalement consacré à la recherche de réponses à deux problématiques spécifiques et importantes de ce secteur. Nous commençons par montrer l'applicabilité de l'imagerie en lumière visible inactinique et de l'imagerie thermographique passive pour imager le développement des semences et plantules, un phénomène biologique se déroulant normalement dans le sol et l’obscurité. Nous présentons nos apports à ce type d’imagerie, au travers de nos contributions à la conception et à la réalisation d’un système de vision en imagerie visible inactinique, ayant pour finalité la réalisation de mesures individualisées automatisées sur les semences, les plantules et les organes des plantules. Ce système gère les croisements de plantules, via l'utilisation originale de la diffusion anisotrope, ce qui nous a permis de multiplier, sans perte d'information, les débits par dix. De plus, ce système réalise la séparation des organes au moyen d’un critère générique basé sur le gravitropisme. La validation des algorithmes de traitement d'images du système de vision utilise des voies originales (simulation numérique et test de l'influence de l'incertitude via simulation agronomique). L’imagerie thermographique, qui capte le rayonnement thermique passif des objets, nous permet de visualiser et de mesurer les semences et plantules dans l'obscurité. Elle permet aussi de réaliser la segmentation et le suivi des organes de plantules. Cette technologie d'imagerie nous a aussi permis de montrer la faisabilité d'un dosage non destructif de teneur en sucre des organes de plantules de betterave. Ensuite nous proposons une méthodologie générique permettant la conception de capteurs bas-coût spectralement optimisés, en fonction de tâches applicatives déterminées. Cette méthodologie utilise la théorie de l’information, pour extraire de l’imagerie hyperspectrale, relativement coûteuse, l’information utile à la conception des capteurs dédiés bas-coût. L’intérêt de cette méthodologie pour le phénotypage des plantes est montré et justifie le transfert de celle-ci au monde de la recherche en biologie végétaleAlong this work, we have used the potentiality of different modalities of imagery that we apply to the plant domain so as to contribute to the high-throughput phenotyping of seeds and seedlings. We have mainly committed ourselves to the search for answers to two specific and important problematic in this domain. We begin by showing the applicability of visible imaging using an inactinic light and passive thermographic imaging to image the development of seeds and seedlings, a biological phenomenon usually occurring in soil and darkness. We present our contributions to this type of imaging through our contributions to the conception and the realization of a vision system using visible inactinic imaging, whose finality is the realization of individualized automated measurement on the seeds, the seedlings and the organs of the seedlings. This system handle seedling crossing, through the original use of anisotropic diffusion, which allowed us to multiply, without information loss, the output by ten. Furthermore, this system carries out the separation of the organs by means of a generic criterion based on gravitropism. The validation of the image processing algorithms of the vision system use original ways (numerical simulation and test of the influence of the uncertainty through agronomic simulation). Thermographic imaging, which captures the passive heat radiation of objects, allows us to visualize and to measure seeds and seedlings in the darkness. It also allows realizing the segmentation and the tracking of the organs of seedlings. This imaging technology also allowed us to demonstrate the feasibility of a non-destructive determination of sugar quantity in organs of beet seedlings. We then propose a generic methodology that allows the conception of spectrally optimized low-cost sensors, according to determined application tasks. This methodology uses information theory, to extract from, relatively expensive, hyperspectral imaging, the information needed for the conception of the dedicated low-cost sensors. The interest of this methodology for plant phenotyping has been shown and justifies its transfer to the world of research in plant biology
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Bocchio, Marco. "Modelling Dust Processing and Evolution in Extreme Environments as seen by Herschel Space Observatory." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112184/document.
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L'objectif principal de mon travail de thèse est de comprendre les processus qui agissent sur la poussière pendant le couplage entre le milieu interstellaire galactique et le milieu intra-amas. Ce processus est d'intérêt particulier dans les phénomènes violents comme les interactions galaxie-galaxie ou le "Ram Pressure Stripping" causé par la chute d'une galaxie vers le centre de l'amas.Initialement, je me suis concentré sur le problème de la destruction de la poussière et le processus de chauffage, en re-visitant les modèles présents en littérature. J'ai particulièrement insisté sur les cas des environnements extrêmes comme le gaz chaud de type coronale (e.g., IGM, ICM, HIM) et les chocs interstellaires générés par les supernovae. Sous ces conditions les petits grains sont détruits rapidement et les gros grains sont chauffés par les collisions avec les électrons énergétiques, en rendent la distribution spectral d'énergie de la poussière très différente de ce qu'on observe dans le milieu interstellaire diffus.Pour tester nos modèles j'ai les appliqués au cas d'une galaxie en interaction, NGC 4438. Les données Herschel de cette galaxie indiquent la présence de la poussière avec une température plus élevée de ce qu'on s'attendait.Avec une analyse à plusieurs longueurs d'onde on montre que cette poussière chaude semble être dans un gaz ionisé et chaud et donc subir à la fois le chauffage collisionnel et la destruction des petits grains.De plus, je me suis focalisé sur l'énigme de longue date à propos de la différence entre les échelles de temps de destruction et formation de la poussière dans la Voie Lactée. Basées sur l'efficacité de destruction de la poussière dans les chocs interstellaires, les estimations précédentes portent à une durée de vie de la poussière plus courte que l'échelle de temps typique de sa formation dans les étoiles AGB. En utilisant un modèle de poussière récent et les dernières estimations pour l'évolution de la poussière, on a réévalué la durée de vie de la poussière dans notre Galaxie. Finalement, j'ai tourné mon attention au phénomène de "Ram Pressure Stripping''. La galaxie ESO 137-001 représente un des meilleurs cas pour étudier cet effet. Sa longue queue H2 intégrée dans une queue de gaz chaud et ionisé soulève des questions sur son possible arrachement de la galaxie ou sa formation en aval dans la queue. Basé sur des récentes simulations numériques, j'ai montré que la formation des molécules de H2 sur la surface des grains dans la queue est un scénario viableThe main goal of my PhD study is to understand the dust processing that occurs during the mixing between the galactic interstellar medium and the intracluster medium. This process is of particular interest in violent phenomena such as galaxy-galaxy interactions or the "Ram Pressure Stripping'' due to the infalling of a galaxy towards the cluster centre.Initially, I focus my attention to the problem of dust destruction and heating processes, re-visiting the available models in literature. I particularly stress on the cases of extreme environments such as a hot coronal-type gas (e.g., IGM, ICM, HIM) and supernova-generated interstellar shocks. Under these conditions small grains are destroyed on short timescales and large grains are heated by the collisions with fast electrons making the dust spectral energy distribution very different from what observed in the diffuse ISM.In order to test our models I apply them to the case of an interacting galaxy, NGC 4438. Herschel data of this galaxy indicates the presence of dust with a higher-than-expected temperature.With a multi-wavelength analysis on a pixel-by-pixel basis we show that this hot dust seems to be embedded in a hot ionised gas therefore undergoing both collisional heating and small grain destruction.Furthermore, I focus on the long-standing conundrum about the dust destruction and dust formation timescales in the Milky Way. Based on the destruction efficiency in interstellar shocks, previous estimates led to a dust lifetime shorter than the typical timescale for dust formation in AGB stars. Using a recent dust model and an updated dust processing model we re-evaluate the dust lifetime in our Galaxy. Finally, I turn my attention to the phenomenon of "Ram Pressure Stripping''. The galaxy ESO 137-001 represents one of the best cases to study this effect. Its long H2 tail embedded in a hot and ionised tail raises questions about its possible stripping from the galaxy or formation downstream in the tail. Based on recent hydrodynamical numerical simulations, I show that the formation of H2 molecules on the surface of dust grains in the tail is a viable scenario
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Luo, Haoqun. "The production of food-grade protein isolates from yellow mustard seed by solvent extraction and membrane processng techniques." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0004/MQ40911.pdf.
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Melo, Lilian Faria de. "Etapas do beneficiamento na qualidade física, fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de capim-colonião /." Jaboticabal, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/142840.
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Orientador: Cibele Chalita MartinsBanca: Rouverson Pereira da Silva
Banca: Rita de Cássia Panizzi
Banca: Nilvanira Donizete Tebaldi
Banca: Marco Eustáqui de Sá
Resumo: As sementes de gramíneas forrageiras recebidas pelas empresas após a colheita contêm impurezas cuja remoção é realizada por máquinas de beneficiamento. Este procedimento é necessário para a obtenção de sementes dentro dos padrões de qualidade para a comercialização e a semeadura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das etapas de beneficiamento na qualidade física, fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de Panicum maximum cultivares Tanzânia, Mombaça e Massai. As sementes foram amostradas antes do processamento e após a saída da máquina de ar e peneiras (descarga das peneiras superior, intermediária e fundo), primeira mesa gravitacional (deriva, descarga superior e intermediária), máquina tratadora e segunda mesa gravitacional (descarga superior, intermediária e inferior). As sementes foram avaliadas quanto ao teor de água, qualidade física (pureza e peso de mil sementes), fisiológica (germinação, primeira contagem, classificação do vigor de plântulas, envelhecimento acelerado, comprimento de plântulas, emergência de plântulas em campo e índice de velocidade de emergência) e sanitária (Blotter Test). O beneficiamento de sementes na máquina de ar e peneiras e mesa gravitacional é eficiente para o aprimoramento da qualidade física dos lotes das três cultivares de Panicum maximum e fisiológica somente para as cultivares Mombaça e Massai. O tratamento das sementes de Panicum maximum cultivar Tanzânia com tinta corante reduz a velocidade de emergência de plântulas em campo.... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The harvested seeds upon being received by the forage grass company, are found to be contaminated with impurities which are removable by processing machines. This procedure is necessary to produce seeds of a quality level within standards established for commercialization and sowing purposes The objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of processing phases on the physical, physiological and physiological quality of guinea grass cv. Tânzania, Mombaça and Massai (Panicum maximum) seeds for commercialization purposes. Seeds were sampled before processing and after leaving the air and screen machine (upper and intermediary screens and bottom); first gravity table (drift, upper and intermediate spouts); treating machine; second gravity table (upper, intermediate, and lower spouts). Seeds were evaluated as to water content, physical quality (purity and 1,000 seeds weight) and physiological (germination, first count of germination, seedling vigor classification, accelerated aging, primary root length, aerial part length, seedling emergence in the field, and speed of emergence index). The sanitary test was conducted according to the filter paper method (Blotter test) with the seeds being superficially disinfested. The processing of seeds in the air screen cleaner and gravity table is effective to improve the physical quality of batches of three cultivars of Panicum maximum and physiological only for Mombaça and Massai cultivars. Seed treatment with dye ink reduces the sp... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Cavalcante, Filho Francisco Nahum. "Revestimento e armazenamento de sementes de Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick e Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256951.
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Orientadores: João Domingos Biagi, Leila MartinsTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola
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Resumo: O revestimento constitui-se num grande avanço na produção tecnológica de sementes, inclusive de forrageiras. Apesar da crescente utilização dessa tecnologia pelas empresas produtoras de sementes nos últimos anos, poucas são as informações publicadas em relação ao comportamento de sementes revestidas durante o período de armazenamento. Os experimentos foram realizados na Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola - FEAGRI/UNICAMP, com o objetivo de obter informações adicionais sobre a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick e Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf, submetidas a diferentes tratamentos. No início e após 45, 90, 135, 180, 270 e 360 dias de armazenamento nas temperaturas ambiente, 30°C e 40°C, as sementes foram submetidas às avaliações do grau de umidade (U), germinação (G), viabilidade-tetrazólio (TZ), envelhecimento acelerado (EA), primeira contagem de germinação (1ªCG), emergência das plântulas em areia (E), comprimento da parte aérea das plântulas (CPA), índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE), peso seco da plântula (PSP), peso de mil sementes (PMS) e atividade de água (Aw). Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições por tratamento e três temperaturas de armazenamento. A análise estatística foi realizada através do teste de Tukey para comparação das médias, em nível de 5% de probabilidade. Na avaliação do início do período de armazenamento as sementes tratadas tiveram resultados em valores absolutos superiores à testemunha, com superação da dormência para as duas espécies, sem diferenças estatísticas significativas. As sementes incrustadas tiveram redução acentuada do seu grau de umidade, com média de 2,80 para Brachiaria humidicola e de 2,90 para Brachiaria brizantha ao longo do armazenamento. Os maiores porcentuais de germinação ocorreram em períodos distintos para as espécies, aos 270 dias para Brachiaria humidicola e aos 135 dias para Brachiaria brizantha. A escarificação química das sementes com ácido sulfúrico é uma alternativa de tratamento se a intenção for realizar a semeadura até 45 dias após a colheita. Para armazenamento por períodos mais longos, a técnica de revestimento por incrustação é uma importante alternativa, pois não prejudica a germinação e permite a adição de diversos produtos químicos à semente, aumentando o seu valor agregado
Abstract: The coating is to be a major technological breakthrough in the production of seeds, including grasses. Despite the increasing use of technology by seed companies in recent years, there are few published information about the behavior of coated seeds during the storage period. The experiments were performed at the College of Agricultural Engineering, FEAGRI/ UNICAMP, in order of obtaining information about the physiology quality of Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick and Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf. seeds, submitted to different treatments. At the beginning and after 45, 90, 135, 180, 270 and 360 days of storage at ambient conditions and at temperatures of 30°C and 40°C. The seeds were evaluated by moisture content, germination, feasibility-tetrazolium, accelerated aging, first count germination, seedling emergence in sand, seedling length, speed of emergency index, seedlings dry weight, thousand seeds weight and water activity. A completely randomized design with four replications per treatment and three storage temperatures. Was used statistical analysis was performed using the Tukey test at 5% probability. The assessment at the beginning of storage the treated seeds were found to have absolute values greater than control, with dormancy for both species, no statistically significant differences. The incrusted seeds were embedded substantially reducing the moisture content, averaging 2.80 for Brachiaria humidicola and 2.90 for Brachiaria brizantha during storage. The highest percentage of germination occurred at different times for the species, to 270 days for Brachiaria humidicola and 135 days for Brachiaria brizantha. The chemical scarification of seeds with sulfuric acid is an alternative treatment if the intention is either to sow until 45 days after harvest. To store for longer periods, the technique of incrusting is an important alternative, since not affect the germination and allows the addition of various chemicals to the seed, increasing its aggregate value
Doutorado
Tecnologia Pós-Colheita
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola
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Parisi, João José Dias. "Associação entre fungos e a viabilidade de sementes de Inga vera subsp. affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn. durante o armazenamento." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256849.
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Orientadores: João Domingos Biagi, Claudio José BarbedoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola
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Resumo: O elevado metabolismo dificulta a manutenção da viabilidade de sementes de Inga vera. As principais estratégias para a conservação dessas sementes durante o armazenamento consistem na desidratação parcial, na adição de ácido abscísico, no uso de solução de polietileno glicol e de baixas temperaturas. Contudo, tais condições ainda podem conduzir à deterioração, tanto pela atividade do seu próprio metabolismo, como pelo desenvolvimento de micro-organismos favorecidos pela umidade. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o grau de interferência dos fungos no metabolismo respiratório dos embriões de Inga vera com diferentes níveis de hidratação e a eficiência do tratamento com fungicidas, visando à manutenção da viabilidade durante o armazenamento. Para tanto, os embriões foram obtidos em três anos, sendo em 2009 colhidos em duas fases distintas de maturação (imaturos e maduros), submetidos a dois níveis de secagem, tratados ou não com carboxin + thiram e armazenados sob 7 e 25 oC por até 65 dias. Em 2010, foram colhidos maduros, submetidos a quatro níveis de secagem, tratados ou não com carbendazin + thiram e armazenados a 7 ºC por 120 dias. Nos experimentos de avaliação da respiração, os embriões obtidos em 2010 foram tratados ou não com carbendazin + thiram, mortos ou não por congelamento e inoculados ou não com Aspergillus flavus. Os colhidos em 2011 foram mantidos sem secagem e tratados ou não com carbendazin + thiram e a respiração foi avaliada a 7 e a 25 ºC. Constatou-se que a incidência de fungos, principalmente Fusarium oxysporum, juntamente com o teor de água e a temperatura influenciam nas taxas respiratórias dos embriões de I. vera maduros e que o tratamento com carbendazin + thiram, na dose de 80 mL do produto comercial para 100 kg de embriões, é eficiente na manutenção da viabilidade de embriões maduros e sem secagem, a 7 ºC por 120 dias. Pestalotiopis sp., Phoma sp., Phomopsis diachenii e Colletotrichum gloeosporioides aparecem durante o armazenamento, simultaneamente à deterioração dos embriões de I. vera. O desenvolvimento de fungos em embriões de I. vera difere do padrão clássico definido com base em sementes ortodoxas
Abstract: The high metabolism hinders the maintenance of Inga vera seeds viability. The main strategies for the conservation of these seeds during storage consist of the partial dehydration, addition of abscisic acid, use of polietileno glicol solution and of low temperatures. However, such storage conditions can lead to further deterioration of the seed, either by the activity of its own metabolism, as the development of microorganisms favored by moisture. This study aimed to analyze the degree of interference of fungi on the respiratory metabolism of Inga vera embryos with different levels of hydration and the efficiency of fungicide treatment, as maintaining these embryos viability during storage. The embryos were obtained in three years. In 2009 they were collected in two distinct stages of maturation (immature and mature), subjected to two drying levels, treated or not treated with carboxin + thiram and stored at 7 and 25 º C for up to 65 days. In 2010 the embryos were collected mature, subjected to four drying levels, treated or not treated with carbendazin + thiram and stored at 7 º C for 120 days. In the experiments carried out to evaluate the respiration, the embryos obtained in 2010, were treated or not treated with carbendazin + thiram, killed or not by freezing and inoculated or not with Aspergillus flavus. The embryos collected in 2011 were kept without drying, treated or not treated with carbendazin + thiram and respiration was evaluated at 7 and 25 ° C. It was found that the incidence of fungi, primarily Fusarium oxysporum, together with the water content and temperature influence respiration rates of mature embryos of I. vera and that the treatment with carbendazin + thiram at the dose of 80 mL of the commercial product to 100 kg of embryos is effective for maintaining the viability of mature embryos without drying at 7 ° C for 120 days. Pestalotiopis sp., Phoma sp., Phomopsis diachenii and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides are detected during the storage time, along with the deterioration of the embryos of I. vera. The development of fungi on embryos of I. vera differs from the classic pattern verified for orthodox seeds
Doutorado
Tecnologia Pós-Colheita
Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola
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Gimenez, Juliana Iassia [UNESP]. "Condicionamento osmótico e GA3 na germinação de sementes de araticum de terra fria (Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102612.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a influência do condicionamento osmótico e do GA3 na germinação de sementes de araticum de terra fria (Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H.Rainer) e a mobilização de açúcares solúveis promovida por estes tratamentos. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 5 x 5 x 5 (potenciais osmóticos x concentrações do regulador x teores de água) + testemunha, totalizando 126 tratamentos, com 4 repetições de 20 sementes por parcela. As sementes com o teor inicial de 10% de água foram condicionadas nos potenciais 0, -0,3, -0,6, -0,9 e -1,2 MPa (Polietileno Glicol 6000) associados com as concentrações de 0, 250, 500, 750 e 1000 mg L-1 de GA3 até a obtenção dos teores de 15, 20, 25, 30 e 35% de água, sob temperatura constante de 25°C ± 2°C. As variáveis analisadas foram porcentagem de germinação, velocidade e tempo médio de germinação, sincronização da germinação, teores de açúcares solúveis totais e perfil dos açúcares por HPLC. Para a análise de açúcares solúveis foram selecionadas as sementes condicionadas nos potenciais osmóticos 0, -0,3, -0,6, -0,9 e -1,2 MPa até obtenção dos diferentes teores de água sem o emprego de GA3 e as sementes hidrocondicionadas (0 MPa) com o emprego das concentrações de 0, 250, 500, 750 e 1000 mg L-1 de GA3, até a obtenção dos diferentes teores de água. Verificou-se que o condicionamento das sementes de Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H.Rainer nos diferentes potenciais osmóticos associado às concentrações de GA3, até as sementes atingirem os diferentes teores de água, promove alterações na germinação e nos teores de açúcares solúveis. O hidrocondicionamento sem o emprego de GA3, até a obtenção do teor de 20% de água, promove elevada porcentagem de germinação e alta concentração de açúcares solúveis (sacarose e glicose)
The present study aimed to verify the influence of osmopriming and GA3 in the germination of araticum de terra fria (Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) Rainer H.) seeds and soluble sugars mobilization promoted by these treatments. The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial 5 x 5 x 5 (osmotic potential x concentrations of GA3 x water content) + control, totaling 126 treatments with 4 replicates of 20 seeds. Seeds with 10% of initial water content were submitted to priming at 0, -0,3, -0,6, -0,9 e -1,2 MPa (Polyethylene glycol 6000), associated with concentrations 0, 250, 500, 750 e 1000 mg L-1 of GA3 until they achieved 15, 20, 25, 30 e 35% of water content, at constant temperature of 25°C ± 2°C. The variables analyzed were germination percentage, speed and average time of germination, synchronization of germination, total soluble sugar content and profile of sugars by HPLC. For soluble sugars analysis we selected seeds conditioned in water potential 0, -0,3, -0,6, -0,9 and -1,2 MPa until obtain different water content without the use of GA3 and hydroprimed seeds (0 MPa) with the use of concentrations 0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg L-1 of GA3, until they obtained different water contents. We found that priming of Annona emarginata seeds at different osmotic potential associated with GA3 concentrations, until different water content were obtained, promote alterations in the germination and soluble sugars content. The hydropriming without GA3, until obtain 20% of water content, promotes high percentage of germination and high concentration of soluble sugars (sucrose and glucose)
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Gimenez, Juliana Iassia. "Condicionamento osmótico e GA3 na germinação de sementes de araticum de terra fria (Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer) /." Botucatu, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102612.
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Orientador: Gisela FerreiraBanca: João Domingos Rodrigues
Banca: João Nakagawa
Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a influência do condicionamento osmótico e do GA3 na germinação de sementes de araticum de terra fria (Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H.Rainer) e a mobilização de açúcares solúveis promovida por estes tratamentos. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 5 x 5 x 5 (potenciais osmóticos x concentrações do regulador x teores de água) + testemunha, totalizando 126 tratamentos, com 4 repetições de 20 sementes por parcela. As sementes com o teor inicial de 10% de água foram condicionadas nos potenciais 0, -0,3, -0,6, -0,9 e -1,2 MPa (Polietileno Glicol 6000) associados com as concentrações de 0, 250, 500, 750 e 1000 mg L-1 de GA3 até a obtenção dos teores de 15, 20, 25, 30 e 35% de água, sob temperatura constante de 25°C ± 2°C. As variáveis analisadas foram porcentagem de germinação, velocidade e tempo médio de germinação, sincronização da germinação, teores de açúcares solúveis totais e perfil dos açúcares por HPLC. Para a análise de açúcares solúveis foram selecionadas as sementes condicionadas nos potenciais osmóticos 0, -0,3, -0,6, -0,9 e -1,2 MPa até obtenção dos diferentes teores de água sem o emprego de GA3 e as sementes hidrocondicionadas (0 MPa) com o emprego das concentrações de 0, 250, 500, 750 e 1000 mg L-1 de GA3, até a obtenção dos diferentes teores de água. Verificou-se que o condicionamento das sementes de Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H.Rainer nos diferentes potenciais osmóticos associado às concentrações de GA3, até as sementes atingirem os diferentes teores de água, promove alterações na germinação e nos teores de açúcares solúveis. O hidrocondicionamento sem o emprego de GA3, até a obtenção do teor de 20% de água, promove elevada porcentagem de germinação e alta concentração de açúcares solúveis (sacarose e glicose)
Abstract: The present study aimed to verify the influence of osmopriming and GA3 in the germination of araticum de terra fria (Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) Rainer H.) seeds and soluble sugars mobilization promoted by these treatments. The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial 5 x 5 x 5 (osmotic potential x concentrations of GA3 x water content) + control, totaling 126 treatments with 4 replicates of 20 seeds. Seeds with 10% of initial water content were submitted to priming at 0, -0,3, -0,6, -0,9 e -1,2 MPa (Polyethylene glycol 6000), associated with concentrations 0, 250, 500, 750 e 1000 mg L-1 of GA3 until they achieved 15, 20, 25, 30 e 35% of water content, at constant temperature of 25°C ± 2°C. The variables analyzed were germination percentage, speed and average time of germination, synchronization of germination, total soluble sugar content and profile of sugars by HPLC. For soluble sugars analysis we selected seeds conditioned in water potential 0, -0,3, -0,6, -0,9 and -1,2 MPa until obtain different water content without the use of GA3 and hydroprimed seeds (0 MPa) with the use of concentrations 0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg L-1 of GA3, until they obtained different water contents. We found that priming of Annona emarginata seeds at different osmotic potential associated with GA3 concentrations, until different water content were obtained, promote alterations in the germination and soluble sugars content. The hydropriming without GA3, until obtain 20% of water content, promotes high percentage of germination and high concentration of soluble sugars (sucrose and glucose)
Doutor
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Whitefield, Elaine. "To see or not to see : an investigation of social information processing bias among sexual offenders with a mild learning disability." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30917.
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Introduction: Understanding of the cognitive processes, and in particular social information processing bias, that generate cognitive distortions among sexual offenders with a learning disability has been hampered by the lack of empirical research. Objectives: To employ the flicker paradigm to investigate social information processing bias among sexual offenders with a learning disability, non-offenders with a learning disability and non-offenders without a learning disability. Design: An independent groups design was employed to compare the data obtained from a participant group of sexual offenders with a mild learning disability with two comparison groups of non-offenders with a learning disability and non-offenders without a learning disability. Method: Participants were asked to view successively and repeatedly on a monitor two versions of a visual scent (an original and a slightly altered version of the original) until they detected the change. The changes to the original visual were either sex-related (midriff of a person being exposed) or neutral related (object being removed from a scene) changes. The experiment was counterbalanced with participants viewing equal number of sex-related and neutral related changes to the original stimuli. Results: Non-offenders without a learning disability required less time to identify sex-related and neutral related changes than individuals with a learning disability. However, no significant interaction was observed between type of participant group and type of stimulus change. This finding indicated that the nature of change in the stimulus did not influence the speed at which the participants responded. Results are discussed in relation to previous research. Conclusion: Results obtained from the present study highlight that this is a complex area to investigate, as there is currently no clear framework to guide this area of research. Strengths and limitations of the present study are addressed and areas of future research are explored.
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Yimam, Seid Muhie [Verfasser], and Chris [Akademischer Betreuer] Biemann. "Adaptive Approaches to Natural Language Processing in Annotation and Application / Seid Muhie Yimam ; Betreuer: Chris Biemann." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1192913078/34.
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Yimam, Seid Muhie Verfasser], and Chris [Akademischer Betreuer] [Biemann. "Adaptive Approaches to Natural Language Processing in Annotation and Application / Seid Muhie Yimam ; Betreuer: Chris Biemann." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-99140.
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Bellettini, Carlo, Violetta Lonati, Dario Malchiodi, Mattia Monga, Anna Morpurgo, and Mauro Torelli. "What you see is what you have in mind : constructing mental models for formatted text processing." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6461/.
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In this paper we report on our experiments in teaching computer science concepts with a mix of tangible and abstract object manipulations. The goal we set ourselves was to let pupils discover the challenges one has to meet to automatically manipulate formatted text. We worked with a group of 25 secondary school pupils (9-10th grade), and they were actually able to “invent” the concept of mark-up language. From this experiment we distilled a set of activities which will be replicated in other classes (6th grade) under the guidance of maths teachers.
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Oriez, Richard J. Rees David. "Do readers believe what they see? reader acceptance of image manipulation /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6551.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on November 19, 2009). Thesis advisor: David Rees. Includes bibliographical references.
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Mat, Taher Zarani. "The impact of upstream and downstream processing on the quality of oil bodies of partially de-hulled sunflower seeds." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/38480/.
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Few publications on oil bodies or oleosomes seem concerned about their quality (chemical and physical) ex-vivo. This work attempts to identify the main factors (processing and pre-processing) that affect the quality/integrity of sunflower seed oil bodies recovered through a wet-milling process. The physical state of seeds during wet milling had a significant impact on the quality of the oil body suspension. Pre-soaking for 6 hours before wet milling and multiple washing with alkaline buffer (0.1M sodium bicarbonate) was performed to isolate high quality oil body suspensions. It was evident from different physical measurements such as particle size, ζ-potential and light microscopy that pre-soaking had a positive influence on the quality of oil body suspensions with no significant signs of aggregation or coalescence. It was also observed that the resultant washed oil body suspensions were highly surface charged (-28.4 ± 1.2 mV) indicating very stable suspension phase behavior. Washing oil bodies not only removes non-integral, extraneous proteins (derived from the seed matrix) but enriches the lipid content including Tocopherol (α-tocopherol: 491.6 mg/kg of washed oil bodies compared with 252.6 mg/kg crude oil bodies). Changes in the composition of oil bodies after washing have been observed before, but this research also monitored the size of oil bodies after washing, and our results indicate that certain factors can shift the distribution of droplet size. It is believed that any change in average size of droplets indicate the presence of disrupted oil bodies whose surface chemistry has changed enough to compromise their integrity on washing. The retention of droplet size on washing may, therefore, be diagnostic for the recovery of intact oil bodies. An assessment of the integrity of oil bodies recovered from sunflower seeds after accelerated aging (5 months) was carried out. Free fatty acid was more pronounced in oil rather than oil bodies, this could be due to the elimination of some of the free acid bound to oil body during washing. Although some minor variation was observed during seed aging, however, the oil bodies remained stable in the final suspension. The results indicate that oil body membrane was extremely robust under extreme conditions and the integrity of oil bodies was preserved. In addition, oil bodies obtained in this study were resistant to oxidation due to the presence of naturally occurring antioxidants (including vitamin E) associated with them. The results indicate that the physical barrier of surface membrane protein (oelosin) protect oil bodies against pro-oxidants.
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Makhamad, Basira Mir. "Seeds can speak: functional roles of structures from Early Bronze Age Ib through archaeobotanical investigation at Arslantepe (Turkey)." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/28565.
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This thesis illustrates the results of the archaeobotanical study carried out at the long-lived site of Arslantepe (Malatya), Turkey. The study focusses on 131 carpological samples from the village of the Early Bronze Age (VIB2 period, 3100-2900 cal. BCE) destroyed by a fire. The aim of this study was to shed light on the functional roles of structures from Early Bronze Age Ib using plant remains. 63,941 seeds/fruits, including the estimated ones, have been analyzed. This study has identified 15 taxa belonging to 7 plant families. Cultivated species were found together with wild plants and non-economic weeds. The distribution of plant remains in the rooms allows to find out that Building IX inhabitants were mainly specialized in cereal production. This building has been used for crop processing, storing and food consumption. While Building VIII was not a place where crop processing had been practiced. As regards an isolated room A472, inhabitants of this room cultivated not only cereals but also legumes. Based on results, agriculture at Arslantepe was family based.
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OLIVEIRA, MARCIA L. de. "Avaliação da produção e dos efeitos das radiações gama em macarrão enriquecido com bagaço de linhaça (Linum usitatissimum L.)." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2014. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10624.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Freitag, Constantin [Verfasser]. "Verb-second in grammar, processing, and acquisition : What you see is not what you get / Constantin Freitag." Konstanz : KOPS Universität Konstanz, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1187660663/34.
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Cerqui, Valeria. "Processi di scattering in astrofisica." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15545/.
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Lo scattering, o diffusione, è un processo di interazione tra radiazione e materia. In particolare a livello astrofisico i processi rilevanti sono interazioni con particelle libere, solitamente elettroni. Essi vengono suddivisi in: scattering Thomson, in
cui lo scattering produce solamente un cambio di direzione, lasciando invariata l'energia del fotone incidente; scattering Compton, dove il fotone incidente perde energia, trasferendola all'elettrone; Compton inverso, dove viceversa allo scattering
Compton, è l'elettrone a trasferire energia al fotone incidente. Lo studio della variazione dello spettro energetico (SED) dei fotoni in caso di scattering multiplo (Compton e Inverse Compton) viene chiamato Comptonizzazione. Nel caso in cui la Comptonizzazione agisca sullo spettro della radiazione cosmica di fondo
(CMB), si presenta l'effetto Sunyaev-Zel'dovich dove si ha uno shift dello spettro di corpo nero della CMB ad energie lievemente maggiori. Nel presente scritto si focalizzerà l'attenzione sulla profondità ottica Thomson, che si presta a varie applicazioni
astrofisiche. Nello specifico verrà trattato il caso di scattering Thomson nell'ambiente delle symbiotic stars (SS) e come la profondità ottica vari a seconda delle fasi del sistema binario.
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Pickardt, Claudia [Verfasser]. "Processing of Low Polyphenol Protein Isolates from Defatted Sunflower Seeds and Residues from Sunflower Oil Production as Promising Food Ingredients / Claudia Pickardt." Aachen : Shaker, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149269537/34.
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Newkirk, Jordan Jean. "Inactivation of Salmonella enterica and Enterococcus faecium on Whole Black Peppercorns and Cumin Seeds Using Steam and Ethylene Oxide Fumigation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80438.
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Current methods to reduce the native microbiota and potential pathogens on spices include steam treatments and ethylene oxide (EtO) fumigation. The objectives of this research were to identify the effectiveness of a lab-scale steam apparatus and a commercial EtO process on the inactivation of Salmonella enterica or Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354 inoculated whole black peppercorns and cumin seeds.
Peppercorns and cumin seeds were inoculated with Salmonella or Enterococcus and processed in a lab-scale steam apparatus at 16.9 PSIA and two references temperatures (165°F and 180°F) and in a commercial ethylene oxide fumigation chamber using a standard commercial EtO fumigation process. Cells were enumerated by serial dilution and plating onto TSA with a thin overlay of selective media.
Inoculation preparation influenced inactivation of Salmonella on peppercorns with greater reductions reported for TSA-grown cells compared to within a biofilm. To achieve an assured 5-log reduction of TSA-inoculated Salmonella on peppercorns exposure for 125s and 100s at 165°F and 180°F, respectively is required. For cumin seeds temperatures of 165°F for 110s were needed or 65s at 180°F to assure 5 log reduction. EtO fumigation significantly reduced both microorganisms on both spices (p<0.05), however significant variation existed between bags in the same process run. Reductions of Enterococcus were comparable or less than that of Salmonella under the majority of conditions, however a direct linear relationship cannot be used to compare the microbes. This study demonstrates that the effectiveness of Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354 as a surrogate for Salmonella can vary between spices and processes.Master of Science in Life Sciences
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Hofmanis, Janis. "Contribution au modèle direct cérébral par stimulation électrique de profondeur et mesures SEEG : application a l'épilepsie." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919480.
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La thérapie de l'épilepsie par résection partielle exige l'identification des structures cérébrales qui sont impliquées dans la genèse des crises d'épilepsie focales. Plusieurs modalités telles que l'IRM, le PET SCAN, la sémiologie de la crise et l'électrophysiologie sont exploitées par les experts pour contribuer à la localisation de la zone épileptogène. L'EEG du scalp est la modalité qui procure la résolution temporelle à l'échelle des processus électrophysiologiques étudiés. Cependant du fait du positionnement des capteurs sur le scalp, sa résolution spatiale et, plus précisément, de profondeur est très médiocre. Dans certain cas (épilepsies pharmaco-résistantes), et pour palier à cette déficience spatiale, il est possible d'avoir recours à la SEEG. La SEEG permet des mesures électrophysiologiques intracérébrales : la résolution spatiale et donc anatomique est excellente dans l'axe de la microélectrode. La définition de la zone épileptogène, comme celle proposée par Talairach et Bancaud, est une définition électro-clinique basée sur les résultats d'enregistrements de SEEG intracérébraux. Elle tient compte non seulement de la localisation anatomique de la décharge épileptique partielle, mais également de l'évolution dynamique de cette décharge, c'est à dire les réseaux neurologiques actifs durant la période intercritique-critique et des symptômes cliniques. Récemment, il a été proposé une technique de diagnostic complémentaire de localisation de la zone epileptogénique employant la stimulation electrique cérébrale de profondeur (Deep Brain Stimulation). Cette source exogène peut activer les réseaux épileptiques et produire une réaction électrophysiologique telle qu'une crise d'épilepsie. Elle permet également de mettre en exergue les zones fonctionnelles cognitives. Cette source exogène est parfaitement définie spatialement et temporellement. Ainsi, la stimulation, couplée aux mesures SEEG, contribue à la modélisation de la propagation électrique cérébrale et, par voie de conséquence, à la compréhension du processus épileptique De plus, ce travail sur le modèle de propagation directe apporte une aide à la résolution du problème inverse et donc à la localisation de sources. Les différentes tâches accomplies au cours de cette thèse sont les suivantes : - Création d'une base de données réelles à partir de 3000 stimulations et mesures SEEG pour 42 patients explorés ; - Extraction par séparation des signaux de propagation de la stimulation électrique (DBS) des mesures multidimensionnelles SEEG : 5 méthodes ont été développées ou adaptées et ont été validées au cours d'une première phase en simulation puis sur des signaux réels SEEG dans une seconde phase. - Localisation des électrodes de SEEG dans le repère anatomique de l'IRM et du CT Scanner en y ajoutant une étape de segmentation de la matière grise et blanche, du liquide céphalorachidien et de l'os. - Discussion sur de nombreux modèles de propagation réalistes ou non réalistes proposés dans la littérature, à la fois sur le plan du raffinement du modèle mais également sur les implantations numériques possibles : modèles de milieu, sphériques et réalistes infinis basés sur MRI et CT du patient. - Comparaison entre les résultats générés par les modèles de sources et de milieux et les données obtenues après séparation de la stimulation électrique in vivo chez l'homme. - Validation des modèles de tête FEM en intégrant les conductivités des milieux (CSF), gris et blancs céphalo-rachidiens et perspectives envisagées.
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Farivar, Reza. ""I can't see your eyes well 'cause your nose is too short" : an interactivity account of holistic and configural face processing." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29432.
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What is meant by configural and holistic processing? The present project attempts to answer this question by formalizing configural and holistic processing as interactive processing of face parts. Four face images were created from one main face by varying the eye distance and nose length of the face to yield a 2x2 feature-complete factorial combination set of stimuli. Participants viewed each version of the face for 100 msecs, and then identified the face they saw. Their responses were subjected to multidimensional signal detection analysis to obtain estimates of different types of perceptual interactions defined by General Recognition Theory (Ashby & Townsend, 1986). It is shown here that perception of upright faces exhibits a number of interactions that are not present for inverted faces. The nature of these interactions are linked to concepts of holistic and configural face processing. A computational justification is forwarded for this interactivity account of face processing.
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Jusyte, Aiste [Verfasser]. "Threat is What I See: Biasing Effects of Subliminal Threat on Early Perceptual Processing of Facial Affect in Clinical and Non-clinical Populations / Aiste Jusyte." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1029400156/34.
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Liska, Olga. "Effect of CTCF and Cohesin on the dynamics of RNA polymerase II transcription and coupled pre-messenger RNA processing." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ba9454b8-4498-42c8-bc4c-16dd971af164.
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The CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) is a versatile, multifunctional zinc-finger protein involved in a broad spectrum of cellular functions. In mammalian cells, CTCF functions together with the Cohesin complex, an essential regulator of sister chromatid cohesion. Together, CTCF and Cohesin have been shown to regulate gene expression at a genome-wide level in mammalian cells. In the yeast Saccharomyces pombe, Cohesin has been implicated in transcription termination of convergently transcribed genes, in a cell cycle dependent manner. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the possibility of direct transcriptional involvement of CTCF and Cohesin in human cells. The first model system applied for this experimental purpose was the β-globin gene with introduced canonical CTCF-binding sites replacing the endogenous Co- Transcriptional Cleavage (CoTC) element downstream of β-globin. The results obtained indicate that recruitment of CTCF to the β-globin 3` flanking region does not prevent read-through transcription. However, CTCF-binding does mediate RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) pausing at the site of recruited CTCF. This results in more efficient pre-mRNA 3` end processing and therefore rescues β-globin mRNA to wild type levels. Cohesin was not detected at the introduced CTCF-binding sites. These results are a contribution to our understanding of the spatio-temporal requirements for cotranscriptional events like 3` end pre-mRNA processing and Pol II kinetics. The second part of my thesis presents an investigation on the involvement of CTCF and Cohesin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα) gene expression regulation in human monocytes and differentiated M1- and M2-type macrophages. These studies provide first evidence of Cohesin recruitment to the TNFα gene body and its regulatory NFκB-binding sites. Differences in the recruitment profiles obtained indicate potential regulatory differences of TNFα among the three cell types. Preliminary data provide an insight into the effects on TNFα mRNA levels upon down-regulation of Cohesin subunits.
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Löhr-Limpens, Miriam [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Schenk. "Do our hands see something different than our eyes? : an empirical assessment of visual information processing in action and perception / Miriam Löhr-Limpens ; Betreuer: Thomas Schenk." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1233966677/34.
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Jovanovic, Aleksandar, and Cong Vu. "Triggningskriterier i triggningsmodul för trådlösa dataloggern DL141E." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Avdelningen för datavetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-18292.
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Dataloggern DL141E möjliggör kontinuerlig loggnig av mätdata från sensorer på upp till 30k sampel/s, som vidare kan överföras till mobiltelefoner via trådlös kommunikation. Detta är dock för stora datamängder per tidsenhet för mobiltelefoner som är tekniskt begränsade. Därför önskas bara relevant mätdata för att reducerar denna onödiga datamängd. I denna studie föreslås ett tillvägagångssätt där enspecifik mindre samling av diskreta försampel loggas i tur och ordning. Varje samling signalbehandlas genom att ställas mot fördefinierade triggningskriterier för att trigga loggning av en stor uppsättning av sampel på bara intressanta signalavvikelser. Dessa triggningskriterier är en särskild nivåöverskridning och signalriktning i kombination med ett antal sampel i följd. Studien förser en granskning av hur signalberäkningsmetoden ”Lebesgue sampling” kan tillämpas med kriterierna för god träffsäkerhet och en skälig beräkningstid i mobiltelefoner. Detta beaktas med dataloggerns vanligaste signaltyper puls och ramp i en miljö där småbrus och transienter förekommer. Träffsäkerheten och beräkningsbördan beaktasför att bedöma Lebesgue metodens effektivitet och antal nödvändiga försampel per uppsättning. Implementeringen görs i Java Android plattform och integreras därefter i en digital triggningsmodul med Graphical User Interface (GUI).With the data logger DL141E it’s possible to continuously log measurement data from sensors up to 30k samples per second, and then transferring them to a mobile phone with Bluetooth technology. But this is by far too much sample data in a small time for a mobile phone with technical limitations to receive. That’s why only relevant measurement data should be mass logged to reduce the unnecessary data amount. Int his study a new approach is proposed where a specific and smaller amount of discrete pre-samples are logged in sequence. Every set of pre-samples is processed by comparing them to the user pre-defined trigger criterias. Met criterias will trigger logging of a massive set of samples on basis of only interesting signal deviations. The following trigger criterias are used: a specific signal level to cross, a specific signal direction, and both of these in combination with an amount of consecutive samples. The study provides an examination on how the signal processing method ”Lebesgue sampling” can be applied with the above criterias to achieve a god accuracy with reasonable processing time on mobile phones. This is observed using sensors with the most common signal types ramp and pulse in an environment where small noises and transients occur. The accuracy and the processing load are taken into account when estimating the efficiency of Lebesgue method and when estimating how many pre-samples per set might be sufficient. The implementation is written in Java Android platform and then integrated into a digital triggering module with Graphical User Interface (GUI).