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Journal articles on the topic 'Seed testa'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Knights, E. J., and R. J. Mailer. "Association of seed type and colour with establishment, yield and seed quality in chickpea (Cicer arietinum)." Journal of Agricultural Science 113, no. 3 (1989): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600070003.

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SUMMARYUsing closely related inbred lines, the effects of selecting for two contrasting seed types (desi and kabuli) and colours (brown and white) were determined for a number of agronomic and seed characters in chickpea. Plant establishment was 53% higher in desi types than in kabuli types, and 20% higher in brown-seeded lines than in white-seeded lines. Increased contents of tannins in testas of brown seeds were associated with the seed colour response, whereas the difference in establishment between desi and kabuli types was probably a function of the thicker desi testa. Differences in yiel

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2

Foschi, María Laura, Mariano Juan, Bernardo Pascual, and Nuria Pascual-Seva. "Influence of Seed-Covering Layers on Caper Seed Germination." Plants 12, no. 3 (2023): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12030439.

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Caper is a perennial shrub that is widespread in the Mediterranean Basin. Although the fruits contain many seeds, they germinate slowly and with very low percentages, due to their nondeep physiological dormancy. The influence of the testa and endosperm, as well as the effect of applying gibberellic acid (GA3) solutions on seed germination to release its dormancy, are reported in this study. The mechanical resistance exerted by the testa and endosperm against radicle protrusion in mature caper seeds was measured. The best germination results were obtained with seeds devoid of testa wetted with

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3

Fagúndez, Jaime, and Jesús Izco. "Seed morphology of Calluna Salisb. (Ericaceae)." Acta Botanica Malacitana 29 (December 1, 2004): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v29i0.7231.

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ABSTRACT. Seed morphology of Calluna Salisb. (Ericaceae). Seed morphology of Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull, the only species of Calluna Salisb. (Ericaceae), was studied. Seeds were collected and stored under cold and dry conditions. SEM pictures were taken for whole seeds and details. Measures were made for different quantitative characters. A complete description is given. Seeds are tiny (0.55- 0.65 mm), ellipsoid and with a reticulated pattern for testa sculpture, with the hilum region transformed into a pore. This character clearly distinguish Calluna seeds from those of Erica.Keywords. Testa

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4

Powell, Alison A., M. De A. Oliveira, and S. Matthews. "Seed vigour in cultivars of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in relation to the colour of the testa." Journal of Agricultural Science 106, no. 2 (1986): 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600064030.

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SUMMARYDifferences in the field emergence of 30 commercial seed lots of dwarf French beans were associated with the colour of the testa, the 11 lots with a white testa having a lower mean field emergence of 67% compared with 91% for lots with black (11 lots) or brown (8 lots) testae. The white-seeded lots also had higher leachate conductivities (mean 42 μ S/cm/g) and imbibed more rapidly (an average 43% weight increase after 6 h imbibition) than black- or brown-seeded lots (average 25 μS/cm/g; 30% weight increase). The extent of damage to the testa which was slight in all lots was not related

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5

Ren, Chengwei, and J. Derek Bewley. "Seed development, testa structure and precocious germination of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapasubsp.pekinensis)." Seed Science Research 8, no. 3 (1998): 385–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500004311.

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AbstractOn the basis of embryo and seed colour, morphology, accumulation of fresh and dry weight, seed development of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapasubsp.pekinensis) can be divided into 10 discrete but contiguous stages. Precocious germination (PG) occurs in the seeds of a Chinese cabbage mutant on the parent plant mainly during the maturation period (from stage 5 to 8), with either the radicle or the cotyledon protruding out of the testa. All plants of the mutant line produce some PG seeds, but among the seeds, only 18% (maximum) germinate precociously. The developing mutant seeds have higher

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6

Cabrera, A., and A. Martin. "Variation in tannin content in Vicia faba L." Journal of Agricultural Science 106, no. 2 (1986): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600063978.

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SUMMARYThe tannin content of milled seed of 55 lines of Vicia faba was evaluated and related to flower and testa colour, seed weight and percentage of testa. Tannin content in the lines analysed was related more to flower colour than to testa colour. No relationship existed between tannin content and seed weight. Lines with low tannin content had a low proportion of testa.

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7

Karaismailoğlu, Mehmet Cengiz. "Morphological and anatomical features of seeds of Turkish Romulea taxa (Iridaceae) and their taxonomic significance." Acta Botanica Croatica 74, no. 1 (2015): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/botcro-2015-0005.

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Abstract This paper reports on the assessment of morphological (macro and micro) and anatomical characters of seeds of Romulea taxa distributed in Turkey with the use of oneway analysis of variance, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Morphological characteristics such as size, shape, color and surface of seeds were examined with the use of light and scanning electron microscopes. Thicknesses of testa and phytomelan layer, sizes of embryo in seeds were studied anatomically. The outcomes revealed that taxa were similar in some aspects such as color and shape of seeds. However, se

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8

Wiland-Szymańska, Justyna. "Morphological variability of seeds in East African species of the genus Hypoxis L. (Hypoxidaceae)." Biodiversity: Research and Conservation, no. 1-2 (March 10, 2025): 31–33. https://doi.org/10.14746/biorc.2006.1-2.7.

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Morphology and types of the seed testa sculpture in the East African taxa of the genus Hypoxis were investigated. Studies have revealed that there are 9 types of the seed testa sculpture in the East Tropical Africa. Distribution of types of seed testa sculpture is unequal among the taxa studied. Some are wide spread and some confined to a single species or variety. Morphology of the seed testa sculpture is a useful taxonomic character for determination of taxa of the genus Hypoxis in the East Africa.

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9

Sharif, Yasir, Yuhui Zhuang, Wenpin Xie, et al. "Molecular Cloning and Functional Identification of a Pericarp- and Testa-Abundant Gene’s (AhN8DT-2) Promoter from Arachis hypogaea." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 14 (2024): 7671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147671.

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Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a key oil- and protein-providing legume crop of the world. It is full of nutrients, and its nutrient profile is comparable to that of other nuts. Peanut is a unique plant as it showcases a pegging phenomenon, producing flowers above ground, and after fertilization, the developing peg enters the soil and produces seeds underground. This geocarpic nature of peanut exposes its seeds to soil pathogens. Peanut seeds are protected by an inedible pericarp and testa. The pericarp- and testa-specific promoters can be effectively used to improve the seed defens

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10

Baker, Daniel M., Harry C. Minor, and Billy G. Cumbie. "Scanning electron microscopy examination of soybean testa development." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 11 (1987): 2420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-329.

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Seeds of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) were harvested from greenhouse-grown plants and fractures of the seed coat were examined with a scanning electron microscope. The seed coat was well differentiated from the outer integument when the seed had reached approximately 30% maximum seed size. At this time, the osteosclereids began to separate, becoming fully detached along their radial walls by 50% maximum seed size. Macrosclereid secondary wall development occurred during growth of the seed from 50 to 100% maximum seed size. Near R6 (100% maximum seed size) the endothelium began differentiat

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Šerá, Božena, Jana Jirešová, Vladimír Scholtz, Jaroslav Julák, and Josef Khun. "Non-Thermal Plasma Treatment Improves Properties of Dormant Seeds of Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.)." Forests 14, no. 3 (2023): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14030471.

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This article deals with the breaking down of seed dormancy in black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) seeds. These seeds have a hard testa that is impermeable to water and air. In this investigation, seeds of black locust were treated with non-thermal plasma (NTP) for 0, 5, 10, and 20 min. The testa of the treated seeds had an eroded surface (SEM analysis) and showed an increased oxygen content (EDS) and increased hydrophilicity (contact-angle measurement). The exposed seeds also had a higher water absorption (seed water uptake) than the untreated ones. In seeds treated for 20 min, a significan

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NESME, XAVIER. "RESPECTIVE EFFECTS OF ENDOCARP, TESTA AND ENDOSPERM, AND EMBRYO ON THE GERMINATION OF RASPBERRY (Rubus idaeus L.) SEEDS." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 65, no. 1 (1985): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps85-017.

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Scarification or seed coat removal was carried out on seeds of five varieties of raspberry, Rubus idaeus L. Regardless of the variety, 100% germination was reached in less than 15 days, at 20 °C, with naked embryos or if the three seed coats were nicked. Intact nutlets never germinated. Seeds with nicked endocarps did not germinate until the testa and the endosperm were injured. Therefore, germination appeared physically prevented by the testa and/or the endosperm while, except for immature embryos, there was no embryonic dormancy. In addition there were varietal differences in the germination

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13

Nonogaki, Mariko, Taira Sekine, and Hiroyuki Nonogaki. "Chemically inducible gene expression in seeds before testa rupture." Seed Science Research 25, no. 3 (2015): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258515000240.

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AbstractImpermeability of the testa hinders efficient penetration of some small chemicals, such as transcriptional inhibitors, through the endosperm and the embryo during seed experiments. InArabidopsisseeds, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl β-d-glucuronic acid, a substrate for β-glucuronidase, did not permeate through the endosperm and embryo efficiently at the stages before testa rupture. TheArabidopsistesta also limited efficient entry of methoxyfenozide, a chemical ligand that was used for inducible gene expression experiments, into seeds. While the detection of a reporter gene at the early imbi

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Hariyanto, Sucipto, Intan Ayu Pratiwi, and Edy Setiti Wida Utami. "Seed Morphometry of Native Indonesian Orchids in the Genus Dendrobium." Scientifica 2020 (June 25, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3986369.

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In this study, seeds of 10 species of epiphytic orchids were examined using light and scanning electron microscope. Quantitative and qualitative characters were analyzed. All the presently investigated seeds showed are transparent with visible embryo and remarkable embryo color variations (such as pale yellow, light yellow, shiny yellow to yellow, orange, and white). The species showed two groups in seed shape (fusiform and filiform), prolate and oval-shaped embryo, positioned at the center of the long axis and near apical pole. Embryo in prolate shaped and near apical pole position was only i

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Abbas, Abdullah. "EXAMINING ANATOMY OF THE TESTA AND RELATED STRUCTURES IN VARIOUS BANANA ECOTYPES." International Journal of Public Health and Awareness 02, no. 01 (2019): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/ijpha-211.

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This research explores the complex morphology of the testa and related structures in several banana ecotypes, providing insight into the morphological changes and adaptations found in this important crop for the global economy. By means of an extensive analysis employing histological methods, we clarify the anatomical characteristics of the testa, seed coat, and associated tissues in particular banana cultivars. Our findings lay the groundwork for comprehending the various ways banana seeds adapt to their surroundings and play a part in seed germination, dormancy, and seedling establishment. T

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Bamigboye, Tolulope Olaseini, and Joshua Kayode. "Effects of seed pre-treatments on the germination of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii." International Journal of Biological Research 4, no. 2 (2016): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijbr.v4i2.6454.

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The effect of various seed pre-treatments on the germination of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii was examined in this study. The pre-treatments included seeds with their testa removed, intact seeds soaked in GA3, seeds soaked in GA3 for one hour after which their gelatinous covers were removed, seeds soaked in GA3 for one hour after which their testa were removed and seeds tied in polythene for 2 days. Intact seeds sown directly without any treatment served as control. Results obtained revealed that while germination did not occurred in seeds whose testa were removed and seeds soaked in GA3 for1 hou

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17

Baasanmunkh, Shukherdorj, Jae Kyoung Lee, Ju Eun Jang, et al. "Seed Morphology of Allium L. (Amaryllidaceae) from Central Asian Countries and Its Taxonomic Implications." Plants 9, no. 9 (2020): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091239.

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We studied seed macro- and micro-morphological characteristics of 48 Allium species (51 accessions) belonging to 24 sections and 7 subgenera. Our taxonomic sampling focused on the central Asian regions of Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Mongolia. The seed length ranged between 1.74 ± 0.16–4.47 ± 0.43 mm and width ranged between 1.06 ± 0.08–3.44 ± 0.23 mm, showing various shapes. The irregular and elongated polygonal testa cells occurred in all investigated species. Seed testa sculptures showed high variation in their anticlinal walls associated with different shapes: straight to with U-, S- or Ome

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18

Bezold, Todd N., Dennis Mathews, J. Brent Loy, and Subhash C. Minocha. "Molecular analysis of the hull-less seed trait in pumpkin: expression profiles of genes related to seed coat development11." Seed Science Research 15, no. 3 (2005): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ssr2005211.

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We undertook a comparative study of molecular changes during development of seed coats in the wild-type and a recessive hull-less mutant of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.), with the goal of identifying key genes involved in secondary cell wall development in the testa. The mature mutant testa has reduced amounts of cellulose and lignin as compared to the wild type. The expression patterns of several genes involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis during the development of the testa are described. These genes are: CELLULOSE SYNTHASE, PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE, 4-COUMARATE-CoA LIGASE, and CINNA

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KREFT, Marko, and Samo KREFT. "Computer aided three-dimensional reconstruction of the buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) seed morphology." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 73, no. 2 (1999): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.1999.73.2.15992.

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The position, shape and size of the embryo in buckwheat seed were not yet resolved, although they were studied by several authors. In this study we used computer aided three-dimensional reconstruction to analyse the two-dimensional images obtained by progressively grinding the seeds. We found out, that in the proximal part, the cotyledons are double curved and they reach the testa only with their margins. In the distal part, the two cotyledons extend tightly by the testa. In some seeds the cotyledons form a spiral in a clockwise direction and in the others in anticlockwise direction. The varia

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Pittman, R. N., J. S. Kirby, and D. J. Banks. "An Allotetraploid Model for the Inheritance of Wine Testa Color in Peanut1." Peanut Science 31, no. 1 (2004): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/pnut.31.1.0011.

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Abstract Wine-colored peanut seeds originate as mutants and appear later as segregates in farmer's fields. Off-color seeds are unwanted by shellers and manufacturers. The inheritance of wine testa is complex and among the least understood of the basic testa colors. The objective of this study was to determine the inheritance of wine testa color. True breeding genotypes for tan and wine testa color were crossed and progenies analyzed for testa color. A new genetic model is presented to explain the inheritance of the wine-colored seed trait. A tetragenic model, based on a 207:49 (tan to wine) F2

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Averyanova, E. A. "DEFINITION OF ORCHIDS (ORCHIDACEAE) OF THE SOCHI BLACK SEA REGION BY MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SEEDS." Ekosistemy, no. 23 (2021): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2414-4738-2020-23-84-92.

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According to the results of preliminary studies of the micromorphology of orchids seeds in the Sochi Black Sea region, a key has been compiled to identify 25 species and subspecies from 13 genera by seed. The most valuable features of seed structure for diagnosis were identified from the previously described characteristics: seed shape, its length, the number of cells in testa, their shape in different parts of testa. Limodorum-type seeds have fusiform, linear or balloon-shape and Orchis-type seeds are pear-shaped or club-shaped. The shape of the cells is the same throughout the testa or contr

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Szkudlarz, Piotr, and Zbigniew Celka. "Morphological characters of the seed coat in selected species of the genus Hypericum L. and their taxonomic value." Biodiversity Research and Conservation 44, no. 1 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biorc-2016-0022.

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Abstract Eight Hypericum species are native to Poland: H. elegans Stephan ex Willd., H. hirsutum L., H. humifusum L., H. maculatum Crantz, H. montanum L., H. perforatum L., H. pulchrum L., and H. tetrapterum Fr. Only seeds of H. elegans were investigated in detail in Poland before, so here we present results of qualitative and quantitative analyses of seed morphology of the other 7 species, based on characters like seed length, width, and shape, seed coat sculpture, shape of epidermal cells of the testa, and number of epidermal cells along the seed axis. The results show that seeds of the stud

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Malan, H. L., and J. M. Farrant. "Effects of the metal pollutants cadmium and nickel on soybean seed development." Seed Science Research 8, no. 4 (1998): 445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500004414.

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AbstractThe chloride salts of Cd or Ni were added to the nutrient solution in which soybean (Glycine max) plants were grown and the response of the plants to these pollutants examined. Both metals markedly reduced plant biomass and seed production. Accumulation was mostly in the roots. Nickel was more mobile than Cd, reaching higher levels in all plant parts, especially seeds. Within the tissues of mature seeds, the highest concentrations of Ni were found in the axis and testa. The highest concentrations of Cd were in the testa and cotyledon, and the lowest in the axis. When expressed on a per

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Jett, Lewis W., and Gregory E. Welbaum. "EFFECTS OF TESTA REMOVAL ON BROCCOLI SEED GERMINATION." HortScience 28, no. 5 (1993): 529b—529. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.529b.

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The testae of seeds from the genus Brassica are not considered to constitute a significant barrier to radicle growth. It is hypothesized that in these seeds the testa splits during imbibition prior to the onset of radicle emergence. To test this hypothesis, the structural anatomy, the rate of hydration, the base water potential(Ψb), and the rate of germination of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) seeds were examined for both intact and decoated, primed and nonprimed seeds. Both primed and nonprimed seeds exhibited a marked increase in the rate of imbibition. The germination rates of primed and n

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Chaiyapongputti, Podjanalak, Porntip Sae-Bae, Jantip Setthayanond, and Pacharamon Munsuwan. "Development of Adsorbent Material from Tamarind-Seed Testa for Reactive Dye Adsorption." Applied Mechanics and Materials 535 (February 2014): 650–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.535.650.

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In this research, the adsorbent material was developed from the agricultural waste, tamarind-seed testa. The adsorption of 6 different reactive dyes viz. Procion Red H-E7B, Procion Yellow H-E4R, Procion Navy H-ER, Remazol Brilliant Red F3B gran, Remazol Yellow 3BS-A 150% and Remazol Black B 133%, on the adsorbent prepared from tamarind-seed testa was investigated. The chemical composition analysis showed that the major components in the tamarind-seed testa were lignin and carbohydrates (cellulose and hemicellulose). When the bleached tamarind-seed testa was used as an adsorbent, it was found t

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Setthayanond, Jantip, Porntip Sae-Bae, Podjanalak Chaiyapongputti, and Phussadee Lim. "Chromium (VI) Adsorption Study Using Bio-Adsorbent Material Derived from Tamarind-Seed Testa." Key Engineering Materials 723 (December 2016): 534–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.723.534.

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In this research, the chromium (VI) adsorption in potassium chromate (K2CrO4) and potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was studied with the low-cost adsorbent derived from sweet tamarind seeds obtained from the food processing industry in Thailand. The tamarind-seed testa was prepared by decoloring the tamarind-seed husks in boiling water and 1% NaOH solution followed by bleaching in H2O2 solution. The major components found in the tamarind-seed testa were alkali hydrolysable, low molecular-weight carbohydrates. The study found that the adsorbent material derived from tamarind–seed testa could well

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A.R. Karthikeyan, S. Ezhilkumar, and P. Karthikeyan. "Characterization of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties as per DUS Guidelines." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 29, no. 02 (2023): 758–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02.036.

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Seventy-five varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were studied to know various morphological characters (DUS) responsible for the identification of groundnut varieties. Seeds were collected from National Oilseed Research Station, Junagadh, Gujarat, India. The groundnut varieties were evaluated with three replications using the randomized block design (RBD) in farmers field Mittahalli village, Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu, India during 2020-21, 2021-22. Observation were recorded on morphometric characters viz., seed colour, seed shape, testa colour, 100 seed weight, plant growth habit, leafl

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Holubowicz, R., A. G. Taylor, M. C. Goffinet, and M. H. Dickson. "Nature of the Semihard Seed Characteristic in Snap Beans." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 113, no. 2 (1988): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.113.2.248.

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Abstract During imbibition, water always follows the same pattern when entering the seed testa in semihard seeds (SHS) of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Water first enters the raphe and the chalazal region of the testa (R-CT), then migrates circumferentially along the midline of the seed, leaving the lateral faces the last to be fully imbibed. The R-CT region is the main site of primary uptake of both water vapor and liquid water by SHS. The hilum, micropyle, and strophiole play only a minor role in water uptake in SHS. In comparison to the readily permeable seeds of ‘Bush Blue Lake 47’, S

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Nasar-Abbas, Syed M., Julie A. Plummer, Peter White, et al. "Effect of site, harvesting stage, and genotype on environmental staining in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, no. 4 (2008): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07150.

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Seed discoloration due to environmental staining in faba bean leads to poor quality and reduced market price. Environmental staining in faba bean is characterised by a dark brown, grey, or black discoloration of the seed coat at harvest. Its cause is unknown, but it does not appear to be caused by a pathogen. Environmental conditions during pod and seed formation and at maturity are thought to have a large effect on the degree of environmental staining. To test the hypothesis that seeds formed under stressful conditions will have a higher degree of staining, faba bean seeds were harvested at 2

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Paynter, BH, and KW Dixon. "Propagation of yellow bells (Geleznowia verrucosa Turcz., Rutaceae) from seed." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 42, no. 5 (1991): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9910901.

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Geleznowia verrucosa Turcz. (Rutaceae) is a commercially important, bush-picked wildflower that has no known commercial means of propagation. This study examined factors influencing seed dormancy and likely to restrict germination of the species. Germination of entire, untreated seed was low (less than 2%), but removal of a small portion of the testa at or near the radicle end of the seed improved germination. This response was affected by the temperature under which the seed germinated, but was unaffected by exposure of the seed to light while germinating. The percentage germination of nicked

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Wang, Yue-zhi, Mei-song Dai, Shu-jun Zhang, and Ze-bin Shi. "Exploring the hormonal and molecular regulation of sand pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) seed dormancy." Seed Science Research 23, no. 1 (2013): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096025851200027x.

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AbstractAlthough pear species (Pyrus spp.) are widely cultivated as an important fruit tree in the world, the regulatory mechanism of their seed dormancy is still unclear. In this research, the role of endocarp, seed coat and embryo in sand pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) seed dormancy was analysed by detecting the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and analysing germination experiments with different treatments. The results suggest that a combination of testa and embryo impose sand pear seed dormancy. The high concentration of endogenous ABA in the embryo effectively inhibited seed germination. The high c

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Yadav, Sangita, Shiv K. Yadav, Sunil Swami, et al. "Seed quality differences in diverse seed colored Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) genotypes." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 2 (2020): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i2.99031.

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‘Canola quality’ Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) with varying seed color are a new kind of breeding resources with single zero genotypes having low level of erucic acid (<2%) while double zero genotypes have both low erucic and glucosinolate content (<30 μmole/g defatted meal). In order to know the variation in seed quality of different types of Indian mustard, in the present study nine genotypes consisting of conventional as well as ‘canola quality’ having either black or yellow seed testa colour were subjected to multivariate analysis including principal component (PCA) and cluster an

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Latowski, Karol, Cezary Toma, Magdalena Dąbrowska, and Egita Zviedre. "Taxonomic features of fruits and seeds of Nymphaea and Nuphar taxa of the Southern Baltic region." Limnological Review 14, no. 2 (2014): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/limre-2014-0009.

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AbstractResearch was carried out on fruits and seeds of Nymphaea and Nuphar taxa collected from Poland, Latvia and Estonia. The aim of the research was to establish diagnostic features which could enable identification of the examined taxa on the basis of the fruit and seed structure and creating a key to identify them. The examined organs were observed through an optic microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). New diagnostic features were discovered: spotting of fresh pericarp, the range of the fruit shape coefficient, the colour of the rays in the fruit stigma disc, the thickness of

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Farooq, Muhammad Awais, Wei Ma, Shuxing Shen, and Aixia Gu. "Underlying Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms for Seed Germination." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 15 (2022): 8502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158502.

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With the burgeoning population of the world, the successful germination of seeds to achieve maximum crop production is very important. Seed germination is a precise balance of phytohormones, light, and temperature that induces endosperm decay. Abscisic acid and gibberellins—mainly with auxins, ethylene, and jasmonic and salicylic acid through interdependent molecular pathways—lead to the rupture of the seed testa, after which the radicle protrudes out and the endosperm provides nutrients according to its growing energy demand. The incident light wavelength and low and supra-optimal temperature

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Lefebvre, Maxime, Maryse L. Leblanc, and Alan K. Watson. "Seed Dormancy and Seed Morphology Related to Weed Susceptibility to Biofumigation." Weed Science 66, no. 2 (2017): 199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2017.66.

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Biofumigation is practiced to control soilborne pests and weeds in agronomic fields. The objectives of this research were to assess the dose response of weed seeds to Indian mustard biofumigation and associate responses to seed dormancy state, initial dormancy, and seed parameters. A petri dish biofumigation methodology was developed to expose seeds of common lambsquarters, bird vetch, wild carrot, common ragweed, green foxtail, velvetleaf, hairy galinsoga, and red clover to allelochemicals produced after rehydrating 0 (control), 1.94, 2.90, 5.81, 11.61, and 17.41 mg cm−2of dried mustard powde

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FABIANO, VITORIA S., GISELE CATIAN, FLÁVIA M. LEME, and EDNA SCREMIN-DIAS. "Seed morphology of five Aeschynomene (Fabaceae) species from Pantanal." Phytotaxa 682, no. 3 (2025): 214–26. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.3.2.

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Seed shape, dimensions, surface texture, sculpture, hilum shape, and position were recorded for five Aeschynomene L. species (Fabaceae): A. denticulata, A. fluminensis, A. histrix, A. rudis, and A. sensitiva from Pantanal, Brazil, using a scanning electron microscope. The five species shared similar seed characteristics such as shape, color, surface, apex and base, face and side, hilar fissure, hilar sculpture and color, aril sculpture and color, micropylar pore position, and testa sculpture. Seed species differed in measurements (seed length and width, hilum length and width, and aril elevati

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Manggung, Raden Enen Rindi, Abdul Qadir, and Dan Satriyas Ilyas. "Fenologi, Morfologi, dan Hasil Empat Aksesi Kacang Bambara (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 44, no. 1 (2016): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v44i1.12492.

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ABSTRACT<br /><br />Characterization and evaluation of genetic potential of bambara groundnut accessions is very important in order to obtain accessions with high yield potential and early maturity. The objective of this research was to study the phenology, morphology, and yield of four bambara groundnut accessions. This experiment was conducted using a randomized completely block design with one factor i.e. origin of accessions (Bogor and Sukabumi black testa, Sumedang black and brown testa). The results showed that days to seedling emergence of Sumedang brown testa were 9.7 days

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Cirak, Melike, and James R. Myers. "Cosmetic Stay-green Trait in Snap Bean and the Event Cascade That Reduces Seed Germination and Emergence." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 146, no. 5 (2021): 329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs05038-20.

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The persistent color (pc) trait in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a member of the stay-green gene family and falls into the cosmetic subclass. Cosmetic stay-green variants remain green but lose photosynthetic competence during senescence. It is an economically useful trait in snap bean as a result of its effects on pod quality. The trait produces a dark-green, uniform appearance of fresh pods, but has other pleiotropic effects, including a light-green seed color, bleached-white cotyledons on emergence, and foliage and pods that remain green even while senescing. One additional pleiotropi

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Leubner-Metzger, Gerhard. "Functions and regulation of β-1,3-glucanases during seed germination, dormancy release and after-ripening". Seed Science Research 13, № 1 (2003): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ssr2002121.

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Abstractβ-1,3-Glucanase (βGlu) expression in seeds plays important roles in the regulation of seed germination, dormancy and in the defence against seed pathogens. A thick β-1,3-glucan layer is typical for the seed envelope of cucurbitaceous species, confers seed semipermeability and is degraded during germination. In many species with coat-imposed dormancy, the seed envelope confers a physical constraint to radicle emergence. In the solanaceous species, the micropylar endosperm and testa have this function, and endosperm weakening appears to be a prerequisite for germination. Class I βGlu is

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Silva, Luciana B., Maurício P. Sales, Antônia E. A. Oliveira, Olga L. T. Machado, Kátia V. S. Fernandes, and José Xavier-Filho. "The seed coat of Phaseolus vulgaris interferes with the development of the cowpea weevil [Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)]." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 76, no. 1 (2004): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652004000100006.

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We have confirmed here that the seeds of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) do not support development of the bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), a pest of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] seeds. Analysis of the testa (seed coat) of the bean suggested that neither thickness nor the levels of compounds such as tannic acid, tannins, or HCN are important for the resistance. On the other hand, we have found that phaseolin (vicilin-like 7S storage globulin), detected in the testa by Western blotting and N-terminal amino acid sequencing, is detrimental to the development of C. maculatus

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Coen, Olivier, Jing Lu, Wenjia Xu, et al. "Deposition of a cutin apoplastic barrier separating seed maternal and zygotic tissues." BMC Plant Biology 19, no. 1 (2019): 304. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-019-1877-9.

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<strong>Background: </strong>In flowering plants, proper seed development is achieved through the constant interplay of fertilization products, embryo and endosperm, and maternal tissues. Communication between these compartments is supposed to be tightly regulated at their interfaces. Here, we characterize the deposition pattern of an apoplastic lipid barrier between the maternal inner integument and fertilization products in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> seeds.<strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrate that an apoplastic lipid barrier is first deposited by the ovule inner integument and undergoes

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Ewing, Elmer E., Norman F. Weeden, and Ivan Simko. "Proanthocyanidins: Key for Resistance to Globisporangium (Formerly Pythium) Seed Rot of Pea." J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 149, no. 1 (2024): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs05340-23.

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Pea (Pisum sativum) dominant for the fundamental color gene A showed a high level of resistance to Globisporangium ultimum (formerly Pythium ultimum) seed rot. Reciprocal crosses demonstrated that, with our materials, such resistance was associated with the testa (seedcoat) phenotype but not the embryo phenotype. Dominance of A over a was complete for this trait. Neither wrinkled seed form (r) nor green cotyledons (i) diminished resistance when A was dominant, although both recessive alleles diminished resistance when seeds were borne on white-flowering (a) plants. The product of the A gene fu

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GHIMIRE, BALKRISHNA, HAYAN LEE, GO EUN CHOI, et al. "Seed morphology of 12 taxa of the genus Thalictrum L. (Thalictroideae, Ranunculaceae) and its systematic implication." Phytotaxa 283, no. 3 (2016): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.283.3.3.

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The seed morphology and anatomy of 12 species, representing five sections of Thalictrum, were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM) to evaluate seed features for use in systematic analysis. Considerable differences were observed in seed surface micromorphology and seed coat characteristics both among and within sections of the genus. MANOVA, MDA, and cluster analysis were used to unravel the morphology of seeds among the species. The characteristic seed features for species were found to be seed shape, size, testa thickness, exotestal cells and seed surfa

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Gamarra, Roberto, Emma Ortúñez, Pablo De La Fuente, Guillermo Valdelvira, and Álvaro Hernando. "Characterizing the Seed Coat in the Subtribe Angraecinae (Orchidaceae, Vandeae) and Its Taxonomic Value." Diversity 17, no. 4 (2025): 280. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17040280.

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The seeds of 121 species belonging to 38 genera of the subtribe Angraecinae (Orchidaceae) were studied in terms of their morphological characteristics under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). This study provided new data about the seed micromorphology of 17 genera and 100 species. Ten qualitative traits of the seed coat were analyzed, of which four were common for all the examined samples: elongated testa cells, anticlinal zone, curved transverse anticlinal walls, and sunken and narrow-to-not visible periclinal walls. These features are consistent with the epiphytic life-form of the genera

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Jones, Rodney, and Robert Geneve. "GERMINATION OF EASTERN REDBUD IN RELATION TO TESTA ANATOMY." HortScience 28, no. 4 (1993): 263F—263. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.4.263f.

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Redbud (Cercis canadensis) is a small woody ornamental legume that has a hard seed coat, which imposes physical dormancy, typical of many legumes. Redbud also possesses an internal embryo dormancy that must be overcome by stratification. In order to observe the relationship between anatomy and germination, seeds were embedded in JB-4 resin during various developmental and germination stages. The seeds were cut longitudinally with a glass bladed microtome, to observe the radicle, vascular traces and testa. It appears that the vascular traces left from the funiculus serve as a weak point in non-

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EROĞLU, HÜSEYİN, MEHMET CENGİZ KARAİSMAİLOĞLU, MEHMET FİDAN, and SÜLEYMAN MESUT PINAR. "Seed Morphological and Anatomical Structures as Taxonomy Tool for Turkish Hyacinthella Schur (Asparagaceae) Taxa." Phytotaxa 564, no. 2 (2022): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.3.

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This paper offers the first taxonomic assessment of the morphological and anatomical characters of the seeds of 11 Hyacinthella taxa from Turkey, ten of them are endemic, with the cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Macro-morphologically, all studied species can be differentiated from each other by the seed characters such as shape, size and surface ornamentation. The studied seeds are separated into 5 shapes; triangularis, circularis, ellipticus, ellipticus-late and ovatus. Seed size ranges from 1.51 mm to 3.06 mm in length and from 1.06 mm to 2.04 mm in width. Micro-morphologi

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Fery, Richard L. "PROGRESS REPORT: EFFORTS TO DEVELOP PINKEYE-TYPE SOUTHERNPEA CULTIVARS WITH AN ENHANCED PERSISTENT GREEN SEED PHENOTYPE." HortScience 40, no. 3 (2005): 876d—876. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.3.876d.

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The USDA has developed four pinkeye-type southernpea candidate cultivars (Experimental designations: US-1090, US-1092, US-1094, and US-1096) that have a persistent green seed phenotype conditioned by both the green cotyledon gene (gc) and the green testa (gt) gene. Each of the candidate cultivars produces dry seeds that have a richer and more uniform green color than seeds of either green cotyledon or green testa phenotype cultivars. Seeds of these candidate cultivars are much less susceptible to color loss due to blanching when harvest is delayed than are seeds of green cotyledon phenotype cu

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Karaismailoğlu, Mehmet Cengiz. "Comparative morphology and anatomy of seeds of some Aethionema W.T. Aiton (Brassicaceae) taxa from Turkey." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 26, no. 1 (2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v26i1.41911.

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Seed morphology and anatomy are taxonomically significant in Brassicaceae. The seed structures of Aethionema from Turkey, which include 12 taxa (Aethionema syriacum, A. froedinii, A. arabicum, A. eunomioides, A. fimbriatum, A. speciosum subsp. speciosum, A. speciosum subsp. compactum, A. saxatile, A. oppositifolium, A. iberideum, A. armenum, A. grandiflorum) were studied for knowing seed morphological and anatomical features with one-way analysis of variance, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Seed size, shape and color were examined with stereomicroscopy.The surface patterns o

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Baasanmunkh, Shukherdorj, Hyeok Jae Choi, Batlai Oyuntsetseg, and Nilolay V. Friesen. "Seed testa sculpture of species of Allium L. (Amaryllidaceae) and its taxonomic implications." Turczaninowia 24, no. 1 (2021): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.24.1.17.

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We investigated the seed testa sculpture of twenty-four species belonging to thirteen sections and five subgenera of Allium from the herbarium materials or collected from plants in living collections. Seed testa sculpture of 21 species were described for the first time in this study. According to our results, the straight anticlinal wall and one large verruca or dense granules periclinal wall were found among the species in subgenus Amerallium, Cepa, Polyprason and Reticulatobulbosa. Only A. ochroleucum (sect. Daghestanica, subg. Polyprason) has U-type undulation anticlinal wall, which is simi

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Tezuka, Takahiro, Hisa Yokoyama, Hideyuki Tanaka, Shuji Shiozaki, and Masayuki Oda. "Factors Affecting Seed Germination of Ilex latifolia and I. rotunda." HortScience 48, no. 3 (2013): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.48.3.352.

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Mature seeds of Ilex species usually contain immature embryos and are extremely difficult to germinate. Ilex latifolia and I. rotunda, two species that are grown as ornamentals, also produce seeds that are difficult to germinate. In the present study, we investigated some factors affecting seed germination in those species. Although seeds of I. latifolia and I. rotunda could imbibe water, they did not germinate. When embryos were cultured in vitro, germination was observed in I. latifolia but not in I. rotunda. Interestingly, a transient decrease in germination frequency occurred in I. latifol

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