Academic literature on the topic 'Seedling blast'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Seedling blast.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Seedling blast"
1
Chen, Pingli, Guanjun Gao, Guangming Lou, et al. "Improvement of Rice Blast Resistance in TGMS Line HD9802S through Optimized Anther Culture and Molecular Marker-Assisted Selection." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 19 (2023): 14446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914446.
Full textAbstract:
Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most serious rice diseases worldwide. The early indica rice thermosensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) line HD9802S has the characteristics of stable fertility, reproducibility, a high outcrossing rate, excellent rice quality, and strong combining ability. However, this line exhibits poor blast resistance and is highly susceptible to leaf and neck blasts. In this study, backcross introduction, molecular marker-assisted selection, gene chipping, anther culture, and resistance identification in the field were used to introduce the broad-spectrum blast-resistance gene R6 into HD9802S to improve its rice blast resistance. Six induction media were prepared by varying the content of each component in the culture medium. Murashige and Skoog’s medium with 3 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2 mg/L 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, and 1 mg/L kinetin and N6 medium with 800 mg/L casein hydrolysate, 600 mg/L proline, and 500 mg/L glutamine could improve the callus induction rate and have a higher green seedling rate and a lower white seedling rate. Compared to HD9802S, two doubled haploid lines containing R6 with stable fertility showed significantly enhanced resistance to rice blast and no significant difference in spikelet number per panicle, 1000-grain weight, or grain shape. Our findings highlight a rapid and effective method for improving rice blast resistance in TGMS lines.
2
Bhatta, Anjan, Anuj Sharma, Puja Gautam, et al. "Resistant and susceptible response of finger millet to seedling blast (Pyricularia grisea sacc.)." International Journal of Information Research and Review 4, no. 12 (2017): 4804–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6970365.
Full textAbstract:
25 accessions of finger millet, 20 from Parbat and 5 from Khotang, were experimented at nursery stage in randomized complete block design at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Rampur, Chitwan from July 2015 to September 2015 to identify the resistance response against seedling blast. Inoculation was done by piling up of diseased leaves in trenches between the beds. Ten plants from each plot were tagged randomly and disease severity was assessed by scoring on a 0-9 scale for 4 times at 6 days interval from 22 days after sowing (DAS) onwards. Dry root and shoot weights of the tagged plants were measured on 43 DAS to access plant biomass. Three accessions failed to geminate. Final disease severity was found to be highest in NGRC05161 (58.5%) and lowest in NGRC05146 (39.3%). Based on total AUDPC, NGRC05143 (664) was found to be least susceptible to seedling blast while NGRC05164 (895) was most susceptible. Disease severity increased up to 34 DAS and decreased thereafter. AUDPC showed continuous increase in decreasing rate. Shoot weight was found to be negatively correlated to mean AUDPC whereas root-to-shoot ratio was positively correlated. Three accessions were categorized as moderately susceptible and rest as susceptible to seedling blast. Accessions collected from Khotang were in general more susceptible to blast than those from Parbat district.
3
Gomes, Delineide Pereira, Valterley Soares Rocha, João Romero do Amaral Santos de Carvalho Rocha, Olinto Liparini Pereira, and Moacil Alves de Souza. "Potential of transmission of Pyricularia graminis-tritici from plant to seed and from seed to seedling in wheat genotypes with different degrees of blast resistance." Journal of Seed Science 40, no. 1 (2018): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v40n1181833.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: Transmission studies of Pyricularia graminis-tritici by wheat seed can help establishing pathogen tolerance standards in crops. Four genotypes, each one with different responses to blast, were inoculated with five volumes of fungal suspension (1,5x105 spores.mL-1), in order to obtain 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30% of plants inoculated in the experimental unit. The potential of transmission of P. graminis-tritici from plant to seed was evaluated by the incidence of the fungus in the seeds produced. Under controlled conditions, the transmission rate of the fungus from seed to seedling was evaluated. Blast incidence in field allowed a high incidence of P. graminis-tritici in the seeds, especially in the genotypes considered susceptible. The transmission of fungus from the seeds to seedlings occurred 7, 14 and 21 days after sowing, at low rates. There was a relationship between the presence of blast in field and the incidence of P. graminis-tritici in seeds produced by the genotypes BRS 264, VI 98053, CD 116 and CD 104. Inoculation of 5, 10, 20 and 30% of plants with fungus can generate a high incidence of the pathogen in field and in the seeds produced, but it doesn`t guarantee a high transmission rate from seed to seedling, which is low under controlled conditions.
4
Ghimire, Krishna Hari, Hira Kaji Manandhar, Madhav Prasad Pandey, et al. "Multi-Environment Screening of Nepalese Finger Millet Landraces against Blast Disease [Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc.)]." Journal of Nepal Agricultural Research Council 8 (May 9, 2022): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnarc.v8i.44874.
Full textAbstract:
Three hundred finger millet genotypes (295 landraces from 54 districts and five released varieties) were evaluated for leaf, finger, and neck blast resistance under natural epiphytotic conditions across three hill locations in Nepal, namely Kabre, Dolakha (1740m); Vijaynagar, Jumla (2350 m); and Khumaltar, Lalitpur (1360 m) during the summer seasons of 2017 and 2018. The highest incidence of leaf, neck, and finger blast was observed at Lalitpur, followed by Dolakha and Jumla, whereas the overall disease incidence was higher in 2018 compared to 2017. Combined analysis over environments revealed non-significant differences among accessions for leaf blast, but the difference was highly significant for neck and finger blast. Correlation analysis suggested that there was a strong positive correlation between neck blast and finger blast (r = 0.71), leaf blast (seedling stage) and neck blast (r = 0.68), and leaf blast (seedling stage) and finger blast (r = 0.58) diseases. Among 300 accessions, 95 had lower scores for finger blast, 30 for neck blast, and 74 for leaf blast than the score of Kabre Kodo-2, the latest released variety in Nepal. Genotypes NGRC04798, NGRC03478, NGRC05765, NGRC03539, NGRC06484, NGRC01458, NGRC01495 and NGRC01597 were found the resistant genotypes for finger blast (2.1-2.3) and neck blast (1.5-2.3) based on pooled mean scores. This study shows the variable reactions of finger millet genotypes against blast disease in various environments and reports the promising landraces having field resistance to leaf, finger, and neck blast, which ultimately serve as important donors for blast resistance in finger millet breeding.
5
Dissanayaka, D. M. H. R., M. D. Pabasara, G. K. S. N. Gajanayake, W. A. M. Daundasekera, and H. A. C. K. Ariyarathna. "A case report on Blast disease in Rice and Finger millet in Sri Lanka." Ceylon Journal of Science 53, no. 2 (2024): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cjs.v53i2.8399.
Full textAbstract:
Blast disease caused by Magnaporthe sp. is one of the most destructive diseases in cereal crops. Disease infection was studied in farmer fields. Field data was recorded and further information was gathered by interviewing the farmers and agrarian extension officers. Blast infections were assessed in the fields using a standard evaluation system for rice (SES IRRI, 1996). Although symptoms were not observed in seedlings when mature rice fields were infected farmers experienced 100% yield loss. There were no or few leaf symptoms in blast infected mature rice fields yet neck infections were scored as 9 in SES. Unlike rice, leaf blast at seedling stage caused economic losses in finger millet. Mature finger millet fields were susceptible to neck and finger blast. Due to rapid disease development curative fungicide treatment was ineffective in controlling blast. Farmers reported sudden changes in the weather during infections whereby gloomy weather caused a spike in humidity and low temperatures that coincided with the infection. Host susceptibility window synchronized with conducive environments result in severe blast infections therefore, blast disease management needs a coordinated effort and system level interventions whereby control measures and use of resistant germplasm can be combined with climate-based disease predictions to increase the efficiency of disease control.
6
Loi, Nguyen Thi Thanh, Nguyen Tran Mai Anh, Ho Manh Tuong, et al. "Biocontrol potentiality of <i>Burkholderia vietnamiensis</i> nrv12 against the rice blast fungus <i>magnaporthe oryzae</i>." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 22, no. 2 (2024): 341–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/vjbt-20167.
Full textAbstract:
Rice blast disease, caused by the pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is a widespread infection leading to serious crop loss worldwide. In order to achieve sustainable agriculture, root-associated bacteria have been applied to manage fungal diseases and promote growth. The present study aimed to evaluate in vitro the growth-promoting ability and in vivo biocontrol activity against M. oryzae of rice rhizosphere bacterium. Out of sixty-eight isolates recovered from the rhizosphere of blast-infected rice plants, isolate NRV12 exhibited the highest antifungal activity against M. oryzae SH, with an inhibition percentage of 72.7±3.44%. By analysis of 16S rRNA sequence associated with morphology, physiological and biochemical tests, the strain was identified as Burkholderia vietnamiensis. In addition, NRV12 produced hydrolytic enzymes (amylase, cellulase, protease), indole acetic acid (IAA), exhibited nitrogen-fixing potential and the ability to solubilize phosphate and zinc. Innoculation with NRV12 significantly promoted in vivo rice seedling growth to 23.3% as compared to the non-bacteria-treated seedlings. Importantly, infected rice seedlings treated with NRV12 led to a 40% disease reduction in rice blast. These findings suggest that NRV12 is a valuable and promising isolate with biocontrol potential against rice blast caused by M. oryzae.
7
Gerema, Geleta, Girma Mengistu, Megersa Kebede, et al. "Seedling and adult plant resistance to Pyricularia oryzae in Ethiopian rice cultivars." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment 12, no. 1 (2020): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausae-2020-0004.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Two separate experiments were done for seedling and adult resistance in rice varieties against blast. Each experiment consists of 20 varieties and is evaluated under artificial inoculation with blast. The result of the study confirmed that NERICA varieties have shown low disease infection at the seedling stage whereas the varieties Chewaka and Edget have shown adult plant resistance. Severe yield reduction and highly diseased grain were obtained from Superica-1, which is highly susceptible at adult plant stage. In contrast, the maximum grain yield was obtained from the Chewaka and Edget varieties, these having a high level of adult resistance. Therefore, Chewaka and Edget are promising candidates for utilization in yield and blast resistance in rice improvement.
8
Gerema, Geleta, Girma Mengistu, Megersa Kebede, et al. "Seedling and adult plant resistance to Pyricularia oryzae in Ethiopian rice cultivars." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment 12, no. 1 (2020): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausae-2020-0004.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractTwo separate experiments were done for seedling and adult resistance in rice varieties against blast. Each experiment consists of 20 varieties and is evaluated under artificial inoculation with blast. The result of the study confirmed that NERICA varieties have shown low disease infection at the seedling stage whereas the varieties Chewaka and Edget have shown adult plant resistance. Severe yield reduction and highly diseased grain were obtained from Superica-1, which is highly susceptible at adult plant stage. In contrast, the maximum grain yield was obtained from the Chewaka and Edget varieties, these having a high level of adult resistance. Therefore, Chewaka and Edget are promising candidates for utilization in yield and blast resistance in rice improvement.
9
Guerber, C., and D. O. TeBeest. "Infection of Rice Seed Grown in Arkansas by Pyricularia grisea and Transmission to Seedlings in the Field." Plant Disease 90, no. 2 (2006): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0170.
Full textAbstract:
Rice blast, caused by Pyricularia grisea, is an important and serious disease of rice (Oryza sativa) in the southeastern United States. The disease sporadically reaches epidemic proportions on susceptible cultivars within fields and over large areas within Arkansas. The main overwintering sources of inoculum reportedly include infected rice stubble, related host species, and infected seed. The objectives of the research were to (i) determine whether rice seed grown in Arkansas were infected with P. grisea, (ii) investigate the relationship between seed infection and seedling disease, and (iii) determine if planting naturally infected seed could lead to the subsequent development of rice blast on seedlings in the field. The results of seed assays showed that P. grisea was detected in samples of foundation, certified, and production seed. Estimated levels of infection by P. grisea of rice seed from 66 samples of rice seed grown in Arkansas ranged from 0 to 10.5%. Planting infected seed in the greenhouse and the field resulted in seedling infection. Planting naturally infected seed may result in disease development (i) from seedlings grown from infected seed planted beneath the soil surface, (ii) from seedlings grown from germinating seed left on the soil surface, (iii) from seed coats, or (iv) from nongerminated seed left on the soil surface after planting. Additional research is necessary to establish the mechanisms of infection of seedlings and to establish disease thresholds for this important fungal pathogen of rice.
10
Yuan, Hongliang, Jingya Qian, Chunwei Wang, et al. "Exogenous Melatonin Enhances Rice Blast Disease Resistance by Promoting Seedling Growth and Antioxidant Defense in Rice." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 3 (2025): 1171. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031171.
Full textAbstract:
In order to analyze the physiological regulation mechanisms associated with exogenous melatonin on rice blast, this study treated rice seedlings with different concentrations of melatonin (0, 20, 100, and 500 µmol/L) in order to investigate the growth characteristics, root morphology, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and soluble protein content of rice seedlings. The results indicated that 100 µmol/L of melatonin exhibited a significant effect, improving the growth and antioxidant capacity of rice seedlings under rice blast fungus infection. The disease resistance level of rice seedlings against rice blast significantly decreased by 31.58% when compared to the 0 µmol/L melatonin treatment, while the plant height, stem base width, plant leaf area, total root length, aboveground dry weight, aboveground fresh weight, and underground fresh weight significantly increased by 8.72% to 91.38%. Treatment with 100 µmol/L of melatonin significantly increased catalase activities and soluble protein content, with respective increases of 94.99% and 31.14%. Simultaneously, the contents of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide significantly decreased, reaching 18.65% and 38.87%, respectively. The gray relational grade analysis indicated that hydrogen peroxide content and resistance level exhibit the highest gray relational grades with melatonin concentration and, so, can be used to evaluate the effect of melatonin on the severity of rice blast fungus infection. Furthermore, the membership function analysis revealed that the 100 µmol/L melatonin treatment had the highest membership function value, indicating a significant improvement in the resistance of rice seedlings to rice blast disease. In conclusion, 100 µmol/L of melatonin enhances the resistance of rice seedlings to rice blast disease through promoting their growth and strengthening their antioxidant defenses. This study provides new insights into the tolerance mechanisms of rice seedlings against rice blast disease.
Book chapters on the topic "Seedling blast"
1
Vishunavat, Karuna, Kuppusami Prabakar, and Theerthagiri Anand. "Seed Health: Testing and Management." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_14.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractHealthy seeds play an important role in growing a healthy crop. Seed health testing is performed by detecting the presence or absence of insect infestation and seed-borne diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, and viruses. The most detrimental effect of seed-borne pathogens is the contamination of previously disease-free areas and the spread of new diseases. Sowing contaminated or infected seeds not only spreads pathogens but can also reduce yields significantly by 15–90%. Some of the major seed-borne diseases affecting yield in cereals, oilseeds, legumes, and vegetables, particularly in the warm and humid conditions prevailing in the tropical and sub-tropical regions, are blast and brown spot of rice, white tip nematode and ear-cockle in wheat, bacterial leaf blight of rice, downy mildews, smuts, head mould, seedling rots, anthracnose, halo blight, and a number of viral diseases. Hence, detection of seed-borne pathogens, such as fungi (anthracnose, bunt, smut, galls, fungal blights), bacteria (bacterial blights, fruit rots, cankers), viruses (crinkle, mottle, mosaic), and nematodes (galls and white tip), which transmit through infected seed to the main crop, is an important step in the management strategies for seed-borne diseases. Thus, seed health testing forms an essential part of seed certification, phytosanitary certification, and quarantine programmes at national and international levels. Detection of seed-borne/transmitted pathogens is also vital in ensuring the health of the basic stock used for seed production and in maintaining the plant germplasm for future research and product development. Besides the precise and reproducible testing methods, appropriate practices during seed production and post-harvest handling, including seed treatment and storage, are important components of seed health management and sustainable crop protection.
2
Shivappa, Raghu, Devanna B. Navadagi, Mathew Seikholen Baite, et al. "Emerging Minor Diseases of Rice in India: Losses and Management Strategies." In Integrative Advances in Rice Research. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99898.
Full textAbstract:
Rice (Oryza sativa L) being one of the imperative food crops of the word contributes immensely to the food and nutritional security of India. The cultivation of rice is changed over the decades from a simple cultivation practices to the advanced cultivation to increase yield. Increased in rice yields especially after 1960s is mainly due to the introduction of high yielding semi-dwarf varieties which requires more inputs like chemical fertilizers, water and other resources. As a result, India achieved self sufficiency in rice and currently producing more than 115 MT of rice to meet country’s demand. Now India is exporting rice to other nations and earning foreign returns. With the change in rice cultivation practices, problems also aroused side by side. A number of biotic and abiotic stresses emerged as major constraints for rice cultivation in diverse agro-climatic conditions and growing ecologies. Diseases are the major biotic constraints to rice which can reduce the yields by 20–100% based on severity. Major diseases like blast, brown spot, bacterial blight, sheath blight and tungro still causing more damage and new minor diseases like bakanae, false smut, grain discoloration, early seedling blight, narrow brown spot, sheath rot have emerged as major problems. The losses due to these diseases may 1–100% based on the growing conditions, varietal susceptibility etc.., At present no significant source of resistance available for any of the above emerging diseases. But looking into the severity of these diseases, it is very important to address them by following integrated management practices like cultural, mechanical, biological and finally chemical control. But more emphasis has to be given to screen gerrmplasm against these diseases and identify stable source of resistance. Finally utilizing these sources in resistance breeding program by employing molecular breeding tools like marker assisted selection (MAS), marker assisted back cross breeding (MABB), gene pyramiding and transgenic tools. The present chapter discusses the importance of these emerging minor diseases of rice, the losses and possible management measures including resistance breeding.
Conference papers on the topic "Seedling blast"
1
Yan, Yang, and Wang Yu. "Early Detection of Rice Blast (Pyricularia) at Seedling Stage based on Near-infrared Hyper-spectral Image." In ICBBS 2019: 2019 8th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science. ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3369166.3369185.
Full text
2
Dumbadze, Guguli, Roza Lortkipanidze, Nunu Chachkhiani-Anasashvili, Nargiza Alasania, and Lali Jgenti. "RESEARCH RESULTS ON BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF NEW GEORGIAN PLANT GROWTH BIOSTIMULANTS � BACTOFERT-L BLATT, BACTOFERT-L BODEN, AND BACTOFERT �L Si." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s20.047.
Full textAbstract:
The significance of organic plant growth stimulants, in the development of sustainable agriculture and increasing the fertility of degraded soils has sparked the interest of scientists and practitioners working in the field of agriculture in recent decades. On the world market, there are numerous plant growth biostimulants of various origins and compositions, as well as numerous research analyzing their impacts and roles. The study aimed to determine the novel biological activity of the new Georgian biostimulants Bactofert-L Blatt, Bactofert-L Boden, and Bactofert-L Si, which were developed by "Geofert" LTD. For this reason, Cucumber seedlings were obtained, and their growth intensity was studied according to root and stem length, leaf assimilation surface, and seedling mass under the action of 0.15 percent solution of biostimulants in laboratory conditions. Other biostimulators of Georgian and foreign origin available on the Georgian market were also included in the study to examine the biological activity of biopreparations.The research was carried out using the GOST-54221-2010 technique. In comparison to the control variant and other experimental stimulants, studies have shown that all three Georgian bio preparations - Bactofert-L Blatt, Bactofert-L Boden, and Bactofert-L Si - have strong biological activity. The best biostimulator for plant growth boosters has been determined as Bactofert-L Boden.