Academic literature on the topic 'Seedling Elongation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Seedling Elongation"
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Tripathi, R. S. "Genetics of Seedling Elongation in Rice." International Rice Research Newsletter 13, no. 2 (1988): 4. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7128504.
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This article 'Genetics of Seedling Elongation in Rice' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Liptay, Albert, John L. Barron, Tom Jewett, and Ian van Wesenbeeck. "Oscillations in Corn Seedling Growth as Measured by Optical Flow." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 120, no. 3 (1995): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.120.3.379.
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Growth of corn seedlings during the coleoptile stage was measured using optical flow. The measurement system was comprised of a digital camera, computer, and related software and measured growth in a continuous, noncontact manner. The use of optical flow to measure shoot elongation, i.e., image motion of the elongating seedling, was most easily computed when there were large spatiotemporal variations of the motion of the corn seedling against the background. The sensitivity of the measurement technique was in the micron per second range. Seedling growth did not occur in a smooth even manner, rather, growth was a series of varying bursts or waves of expansion that appeared to be affected by the physical growth or development of the leaves. Spectral analysis techniques were applied to extract the underlying signal from the observed time series of seedling growth rate and angle.
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Adams, A. S., and L. K. Rieske. "Herbivory and Fire Influence White Oak (Quercus alba L.) Seedling Vigor." Forest Science 47, no. 3 (2001): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/47.3.331.
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Abstract We manipulated arthropod and mammalian herbivory levels on white oak seedlings using a combination of insecticide applications and fencing and employed a split-split-plot design to assess the impact of single- and multiple-year burns on seedling growth over a 2 yr period. Herbivory levels increased over time on all sites, but there was no significant difference in herbivore pressure on seedlings in single-year burned, multiple-year burned, and nonburned plots. Insecticide-treated seedlings suffered less herbivore pressure than did noninsecticide treated seedlings, and mammalian herbivory was significantly reduced by the presence of a fence. Seedling height growth, shoot elongation, diameter growth, and specific leaf mass were greatest on once-burned sites, intermediate on twice-burned sites, and least on nonburned sites. Bud expansion was the only seedling performance parameter unaffected by burn treatment. Arthropod feeding was the greater component of overall herbivory, but this herbivory did not impede seedling growth. Seedling height growth and shoot elongation were more closely linked to mammalian herbivory. These results suggest that the observed herbivory may play a negligible role, and prescribed fire may be a beneficial component of a management program designed to enhance oak regeneration. FOR. SCI. 47(3):331–337.
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Li, Shuhao, Jun Tian, Shengxiang Ran, Yuqi Zhou, Hongdou Gao, and Fenglin Zhong. "Hormone Signals Involved in the Regulation of Cucumber Seedling Lateral Branch Elongation by Far-Red Light." Agronomy 14, no. 2 (2024): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14020366.
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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) lateral branch elongation is influenced by a variety of environmental signals, including light [e.g., far-red (FR) light] and hormones. In this experiment, the effect of FR light on the lateral branch elongation of cucumber (‘Zhongnong No. 26’) seedlings was investigated. The results showed that FR light significantly inhibited the lateral branch elongation of cucumber seedlings. In addition, FR light significantly increased the auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) content, decreased the cytokinin (CTK; Zeatin) content, and suppressed the expression of most CTK synthetic-related genes, such as IPTs, in cucumber seedlings. The lateral branch elongation of cucumber seedlings was assessed in response to decapitation and exogenous 6-BA treatment to further investigate the relationship between IAA and CTK on the lateral branch elongation of cucumber seedlings under FR light. Both decapitation and exogenous 6-BA treatment eliminated the inhibitory effect of FR light on the lateral branch elongation of cucumber seedlings. In conclusion, these results indicated that IAA and CTK were involved in the regulatory effects of FR light on cucumber seedling lateral branch elongation.
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Edelman, Nichole F., Bethany A. Kaufman, and Michelle L. Jones. "Comparative Evaluation of Seedling Hypocotyl Elongation and Mature Plant Assays for Determining Ethylene Sensitivity in Bedding Plants." HortScience 49, no. 4 (2014): 472–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.49.4.472.
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Ethylene gas can cause extensive damage to bedding plants during production, shipping, and retailing. Seedlings exposed to ethylene exhibit the triple response, which includes an exaggerated apical hook, thickened hypocotyl, and reduced hypocotyl elongation. Our objective was to determine if the hypocotyl elongation component of the seedling triple response could be used to predict the sensitivity of mature plants at the marketable stage. Eighteen common bedding plants were evaluated. For the seedling hypocotyl elongation screen, seeds were germinated and grown in the dark on filter paper saturated with various concentrations of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC; the immediate precursor to ethylene). The relative hypocotyl length at each ACC concentration was compared with untreated control (0 μM) seedlings. Mature plants, with at least four open flowers, were treated with ethylene (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, or 10 μL·L−1) in the dark for 24 hours. Phenotypic responses to ethylene, including flower abscission, flower senescence, leaf abscission, leaf chlorosis, and epinasty, were rated on a scale of 0 to 5. Five species exhibited very little reduction in hypocotyl elongation when grown on ACC (low sensitivity). The remaining species were classified as medium or high ethylene sensitivity at the seedling stage. The most common symptoms of ethylene damage observed in mature plants were leaf epinasty, flower abscission, and flower senescence. The severity of these responses was used to identify plants with high, medium, or low sensitivity to ethylene. For six of the bedding plant species that were equally responsive at both developmental stages, the seedling hypocotyl elongation screen would provide a reliable means of predicting the ethylene sensitivity of mature plants.
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Li, Bailian, S. E. McKeand, and H. L. Allen. "Seedling shoot growth of loblolly pine families under two nitrogen levels as related to 12-year height." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 6 (1991): 842–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-118.
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Seedling shoot elongation and biomass were examined for 23 open-pollinated loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) families grown in a greenhouse under two nitrogen regimes. Significant genetic variation was detected among families for the number of growth cycles, total seedling height, cyclic-growth elongation, the number of stem units, and biomass of stem free growth, cyclic growth, total stem, needles, and total shoot. Heritability estimates were generally high for shoot characteristics except for mean stem-unit length. Shoot biomass measures were weakly or negatively correlated with 12-year-height performance. Elongation of cyclic growth, number of growth cycles, and number of stem units showed stronger correlations with field performance than did seedling height. Juvenile–mature correlations were higher for the low nitrogen treatment, suggesting that 12-year height of loblolly pine families can be more accurately predicted when the seedlings are grown under greenhouse conditions that mimic field nitrogen levels.
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Jeong, Hyeon Woo, Hye Ri Lee, Hyeon Min Kim, Hye Min Kim, Hee Sung Hwang, and Seung Jae Hwang. "Using Light Quality for Growth Control of Cucumber Seedlings in Closed-Type Plant Production System." Plants 9, no. 5 (2020): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9050639.
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During seedling production, growth control of seedlings is an important problem because the overgrowth of seedlings causes a decrease of seedling quality and has disadvantages after transplanting. In this study, we aim to evaluate the possibility of replacing chemical plant growth regulators using light quality in a closed-type plant production system (CPPS) for cucumber seedling production. We used various light treatments, such as monochromatic or combined red (R) and blue (B), and combined R and B with UV-A or Far-red (Fr) light, to compare with a chemical plant growth regulator conventionally using in nursery farms. The combined R and B treatment decreased stem elongation and increased dry matter and compactness. UV-A treatment increased compactness but did not significantly affect the stem elongation or dry matter. Fr increased stem elongation and stem diameter and decreased compactness and dry matter. In leaf growth, combined R and B treatments and UV-A treatments increased leaf area, specific leaf weight, and SPAD value, and decreased leaf shape index. Fr treatments increased leaf area and leaf shape index and decreased specific leaf weight (SLW) and SPAD values. Cucumber seedlings have many different morphological changes, and R5B5 light quality was more effective in growth control due to higher compactness than chemical plant growth regulators. Also, R5B5 light quality has increased seedling quality, such as dry matter and SLW compared with fluorescent lamps. Thus, the use of light quality is a possible alternative to a chemical plant growth regulator.
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Madela, Kazimierz, and Jan Kopcewicz. "Photoreceptive sites in the photocontrol of oat seedling growth." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 58, no. 2 (2014): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1989.018.
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The influence of red light on the growth of coleoptiles and mesocotyles of etiolated and pre-irradiated oat seedlings was investigated. Red light (15 min.) applied on whole seedlings stimulated the elongation of coleoptiles and inhibited the growth of mesocotyles both in etiolated and in pre-irradiated plants. Irradiation with red light (2 min) of various 2-mm-long regions of etiolated and pre-irradiated oat seedlings was carried out in order to locate their light reception regions. On the basis of growth reactions after such treatment it was found that in completely etiolated seedlings the light reception sites involved in the stimulation of coleoptile elongation and inhibition of mesocotyle growth lie directly above and below the seedling node, whereas in pre-irradiated seedlings, in the top of the seedling. These results point to the existence of different growth photoregulation systems in etiolated and pre-irradiated oat seedlings. The role of phytochrome in these phenomena is discussed.
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SAKPERE, Ayobola A. Moninuola, Matthew OZIEGBE, and Idowu Arinola BILESANMI. "Allelopathic Effects of Ludwigia decurrens and L. adscendens subsp. diffusa on Germination, Seedling Growth and Yield of Corchorus olitorious L." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 2, no. 2 (2010): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb224629.
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This study examined the allelopathic effect of Ludwigia decurrens and L. adscendens exudates on germination, seedling growth (hypocotyl and radicle elongation), seedling mortality, vegetative growth and reproductive yield of Corchorus olitorious. Ludwigia decurrens, L. adscedens exudates and tap water (control) were applied to seeds of Corchorus olitorious over a period of 15 days and to 3 weeks old seedling for a period of 4 weeks. Ludwigia exudates had no inhibitory effect on the germination percentage of C. olitorious, but the exudates from the two Ludwigia spp. induced mortality rate of the 15 day old seedlings (control: 5.00%, L. decurrens: 17.50%, L. adscendens: 26.88%) and a significant decrease in seedling elongation (hypocotyl and radicle length) of C. olitorious. For the vegetative growth experiment, results showed that the stem length, stem fresh weight and leaf area of C. olitorious were significantly inhibited during week 6 (P
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Shi, Sujuan, Lulu An, Jingjing Mao, et al. "The CBL-Interacting Protein Kinase NtCIPK23 Positively Regulates Seed Germination and Early Seedling Development in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)." Plants 10, no. 2 (2021): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10020323.
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CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) family is a unique group of serine/threonine protein kinase family identified in plants. Among this family, AtCIPK23 and its homologs in some plants are taken as a notable group for their importance in ions transport and stress responses. However, there are limited reports on their roles in seedling growth and development, especially in Solanaceae plants. In this study, NtCIPK23, a homolog of AtCIPK23 was cloned from Nicotiana tabacum. Expression analysis showed that NtCIPK23 is mainly expressed in the radicle, hypocotyl, and cotyledons of young tobacco seedlings. The transcriptional level of NtCIPK23 changes rapidly and spatiotemporally during seed germination and early seedling growth. To study the biological function of NtCIPK23 at these stages, the overexpressing and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-out (ntcipk23) tobacco lines were generated. Phenotype analysis indicated that knock-out of NtCIPK23 significantly delays seed germination and the appearance of green cotyledon of young tobacco seedling. Overexpression of NtCIPK23 promotes cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings. The expression of NtCIPK23 in hypocotyl is strongly upregulated by darkness and inhibited under light, suggesting that a regulatory mechanism of light might underlie. Consistently, a more obvious difference in hypocotyl length among different tobacco materials was observed in the dark, compared to that under the light, indicating that the upregulation of NtCIPK23 contributes greatly to the hypocotyl elongation. Taken together, NtCIPK23 not only enhances tobacco seed germination, but also accelerate early seedling growth by promoting cotyledon greening rate, cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Seedling Elongation"
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Chia, Po-Lung. "End-of-day Far-red Light Quality and Dose Effects on Elongation of Tomato Rootstock Seedling Hypocotyls." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193454.
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Methyl bromide fumigation, a common method used to combat soil borne pathogens in commercial tomato cultivation, was to be limited by the Montreal Protocol due to concerns of ozone depletion. Alternative methods to protect tomatoes against diseases include grafting. However, short grafted transplants may expose the scion to the soil. To avoid scion exposure, hypocotyl elongation of two tomato rootstocks 'Maxifort' and 'Aloha' via end-of-day far-red (EOD-FR) was examined in terms of light quality (red to far-red ratio, or R/FR) and dose (product of far-red intensity and duration). In EOD-FR light quality experiments, 'Aloha' seedlings were exposed to unfiltered and filtered incandescent light with an R/FR of 0.5 and 0.05 respectively. The resulting hypocotyl elongation was higher in filtered light than either the unfiltered light or the untreated control. Hypocotyl elongation response to EOD-FR dose in 'Aloha' and 'Maxifort' was affected by both far-red intensity and treatment duration. A saturating response was also found within a far-red dose between 0–8 mmol•m⁻²•d⁻¹ and modeled using non-linear regression with a three parameter Michaelis-Menten equation to estimate the far-red dose required to obtain near-maximum hypocotyl elongation for 'Aloha' and 'Maxifort'. The far-red dose required was affected by cultivar and experimental period. None of the EOD-FR treatments affected plant mass or stem diameter. To conclude, for maximum hypocotyl elongation using EOD-FR, the lower R/FR would increase the effectiveness of the treatment. The far-red dose should preferably be at 4–8 mmol• m⁻²•d⁻¹.
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Sarala, M. (Marian). "Elongation of Scots pine seedlings under blue light depletion." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2010. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514262814.
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Abstract
The elongation response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings to the removal of blue light (400–500 nm) was studied in field experiments in northern Finland. The seedlings were grown in orange or transparent plexiglass chambers or in ambient control plots. The orange plexiglass removed the blue wavelengths from sunlight, while the others served as controls. The experiment was conducted at sub-arctic (69°N) and mid-boreal (64°N) latitudes with three- and two-year-old seedlings originating from 67°N latitude. The response to blue light depletion was also investigated at the 69°N latitude in the following plant subjects: one-year-old Scots pine seedlings of northern (67°N) and southern (62°N) provenances, deciduous Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii and Betula pubescens f. rubra seedlings and herbaceous Epilobium angustifolium and Glechoma hederacea plants. Additionally, diurnal change in light quality at the 69°N latitude during the summer was measured.
The elongation of Scots pine seedlings was increased by the removal of blue wavelengths. The increase was more pronounced at the 69°N latitude, while at the 64°N latitude the response was smaller or absent. This is due to increased amount of scattered growth-inhibiting blue light during the nights at the high latitude.
The removal of blue light increased stem elongation in northern origin Scots pine seedlings much more compared to the southern origin seedlings, which suggests that the northern provenance is more sensitive to blue light. Irrespective of that, southern origins also suffer from reduced elongation in the north as they migrate according to climatic change scenarios. However, it is obvious that they grow longer than local origins in the north.
Morphological variables and photosynthetic pigments confirm that the increased elongation of Scots pine seedlings under blue light depletion is not a result of etiolation or it is only a marginal factor. Also, it was neither dependent on temperature nor photosynthesis and growth resources. Instead, the increased elongation is probably a photomorphogenic regulation response of metabolism. In addition, shade intolerant Scots pine, Betula seedlings and herbaceous Epilobium angustifolium responded stronger to blue light removal compared to the more shade-tolerant herbaceous Glechoma hederacea.
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Derbyshire, Paul. "The cell wall and cell elongation in Arabidopsis seedlings." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251441.
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The primary cell wall of dicotyledenous plants is comprised of approximately equal parts cellulose, cross-linking glycans, and pectin, with a relatively minor fraction of protein. The role that pectin may play in regulating cell elongation was studied in two systems in Arabidopsis seedlings; the primary root with its well-defined zone of elongating cells, and the hypocotyl that grows almost exclusively by cell elongation. A collection of mutants affected in root (cob-1, cob-3, lit-1 (rsw2), qui-1 (prcl-9), sab-1, shr-2) and hypocotyl (gal-3, gai) elongation was used to identify altered pectin phenotypes that correlated with the growth phenotypes. FT-IR microspectroscopy was used to show that roots and hypocotyls affected in cell elongation have pectin with lower degree of esterification (DE) values compared to wild-type. This was quantified and confirmed by chemical assays. DE is unchanged where cell elongation is increased by GA- and dark-induced growth, suggesting that a threshold of DE may exist that is permissive for growth, but below which reduced values of DE correlate with reduced elongation. The cob-1 mutant was studied in more detail, and found to have very low DE values in the region of greatest cellulose deficiency, together with thickened walls and other compositional changes. Other cellulose-deficient mutants (qui-1, lit-1) were similarly affected, suggesting that enrichment of the wall with pectin of low DE is used to conserve wall strength. Analysis of GA-deficient mutants gave some evidence that galactan side-chains, and to a lesser extent arabinan sidechains of RG-I may be required throughout the wall for elongation, and that the outer wall of roots and hypocotyls may be growth-limiting. Thinning of the cell wall correlates with hypocotyl length, suggesting that biosynthesis does not keep pace with elongation. Finally, root and hypocotyl cell walls have different DE values, suggesting that the properties of pectin in these systems may vary with different wall composition. Various mechanisms by which pectin DE may become limiting to the rate of cell elongation are proposed. DE is regulated by pectin esterases, which in Arabidopsis comprises a large gene family. To test the hypothesis that pectin esterification is limiting to cell elongation, four transposon insertion mutants in putative pectin esterases were screened for cell elongation and wall phenotypes, with the prediction that higher DE values in the mutant walls might result in increased growth. Under various conditions in the different mutants, DE was both raised and lowered and cell elongation promoted and inhibited. To avoid problems of genetic redundancya nd the absence of functional characterisation in this family, a PME with demonstrated biochemical activity from Aspergillus aculeatus was over-expressed in Arabidopsis and 30 transgenic lines generated. However, the phenotypes of these plants have not been analysed.
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Chachar, Qamaruddin I. "Aspects of root growth in cotton seedlings." Thesis, Bangor University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318076.
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Mohamed, Ahmed Mahmoud. "Emergence, seedling vigor, and stand establishment of pearl millet as affected by mesocotyl elongation and other seed and seedling traits." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27505.
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劉俊男. "The effect of priming on coleoptile and leaf elongating of sweet corn seedling." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93261136867015516080.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>農藝學系<br>90<br>Priming is known to shorten the germination speed, emergence speed and to improve seedling vigor. Whether the shortened emergence speed and improved seedling vigor are due to the faster germination or increased cell growth is still not defined. In the present study, seeds of sweet corn cultivar Honey 236 was primed and the relationships among the elongation of coleoptile and leaves, the activities of peroxidases and the levels of H2O2 were exanined. The results indicated that the fresh weights, dry weights and moisture level of coleoptiles + leaves were increased during sampling period. Primed samples had higher moisture level than non-primed samples. No difference in coleoptile elongation rates was observed between primed and non-primed samples. However, evident difference in leaf elongation rate existed between two treatments, with the primed samples having higher growth rate than non-primed samples. Non-primed sample accumulated more H2O2 in growing coleoptile and leaves, and had lower ionically bound peroxidase, covalently bound peroxidase, ferulic acid-peroxidase, NADH-peroxidase and Diamine oxidase （DAO）than primed counterparts.
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Sun, Yung-Wei, and 孫永偉. "Studies on the mechanisms of reduction of stem elongation by cold water irrigation in tomato seedlings." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65963422733066146878.
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博士<br>國立中興大學<br>園藝學系<br>92<br>The purposes of this study were to establish the cold-water irrigation system for plug-seedlings production, and to reveal the possible mechanisms by which cold-water mediated the reduction of stem elongation in tomato seedlings.
The shortest seedlings were found in the seedlings irrigated with the lowest or highest water temperature. However, highest stem strength and seedling index were only found in the seedling irrigated with the 5℃ water. Decrease in the length of first internode was primarily responsible for the shortening seedling by cold-water irrigation. Irrigation of cold water in the morning (8:00) or evening (16:00) showed the best results in shortening seedling. After the cold water irrigation, the soil temperature drop to minimum within 60 to 90 sec, and recovered to the room temperature after 60 min. Longer period of cold-water irrigation and lower the cold-water temperature resulted in shorter seedlings.
Significant reduction in the plant height and increases in the seedling index and chlorophyll contents were found in the seedlings irrigated with cold water. Among five major groups of plant hormones, only GAs and ethylene could promote or inhibit the stem elongation of tomato seedlings, respectively. Increase in the seedling index and chlorophyll contents by cold-water irrigation was inhibited by GAs application. Stem elongation induced by room-water irrigation was inhibited by ethylene application, but seedling index and chlorophyll contents were decreased. Furthermore, the PP333 and STS were applied to abolish the actions of GAs and ethylene, respectively. The results indicated that the PP333 could mimic the actions of cold-water on tomato seedlings for reduction of stem elongation, and increases in the seedling index and chlorophyll contents, but STS was fail to abolish the action of cold-water.
The results indicated that the significant decrease in the cell length of first internode was found in the tomato seedlings irrigated with cold water (5℃), and there were no changes in the cell numbers and cell width. Both pp333 (10 ppm) and ethephon (53 ppm) applications can cause the reduction of stem elongation of tomato seedlings at room temperature. The cellular morphological chacters, such as cell length, the ratio of cell length to width, stomata density, and compact palisade tissue in PP333-trteaded seedlings were similar to those in cold-water irrigated seedlings, but different from those in the ethephon-treated seedlings. Increases in cell length, the ratio of cell length to width, stomata density, and compact palisade tissue were found in the 5℃+GA-treated, 25℃+PP333+GA-treated, and cold-water irrigated seedlings, but not in the 5℃+STS-treated seedlings.
The expressions of 3β-hydroxylase and 20-oxidase genes were higher in the cold-water irrigated seedlings than in the room-temperature irrigated seedlings, but declined after addition of GAs. Both PP333 and ethephon application could cause reduction of stem elongation in tomato seedlings, but had the different patterns in induction of the expressions of 3-hydroxylase and 20-oxidase genes. The results of effects of STS (silver thiosulphate) on the expression of 3β-hydroxylase, 20-oxidase, ACC synthase, and ACC oxidase genes implied that there were no differences in the ethylene metabolism between cold-water irrigated and room-temperature irrigated seedlings.
The reduction of stem elongation was found in the Nr, Pearson, VFN8, and Money maker, but not in the epi and gib-3 after 3-weeks of cold-water irrigation, i.e. the inhibition of stem elongation caused by cold-water was not shown in the situations of ethylene over-expression (epi) and GA shortage (gib-3). Except gib-3, decreases in the cell length were found in all other varieties (lines). Increases in the expression of 3β-hydroxylase and 20-oxidase genes were found in all varieties (lines) after cold-water irrigation, but not the expressions of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase genes. In responding to the increasing doses of GA, increases in plant height, and decreases in the transcripts of 3β-hydroxylase and 20-oxidase genes were found in gib-3, but there were no differences in the transcripts of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase genes.
In conclusion, cold-water irrigation system for the production of plug-grown seedlings could be useful in the commercial application. Decrease in the cell length of first internode was primarily responsible for the reduction of stem elongation induced by cold-water irrigation. It is suggested that blocking GA metabolism, not ethylene, may be involved in the events of cold-water mediated reduction of stem elongation in tomato seedling.
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Davis, G. R. (Gordon Richard). "Laboratory studies of the effect of soil impedance and soil moisture on root elongation of seedlings of Pinus radiata D.Don." Thesis, 1987. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19564/1/whole_DavisGordonRichard1988_thesis.pdf.
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In a drying soil root elongation rate often declines.
Whether the reduction in elongation is due to reduced soil
moisture or increased soil strength is disputed.
The objectives of this study were to develop an
empirical model of radiata pine root elongation and to
determine the relative importance of soil strength and soil
moisture content on root elongation, and further, to
quantify the parameters of a net-pressure mechanistic model
of root elongation for pine and to compare the values with
those observed for a more commonly studied crop (peas).
The empirical model showed seedling root elongation to
be three times more sensitive to increased soil strength
than to decreased soil moisture content. The observed
pattern of root behavior could be logically explained by a
concept of total external stress, where total external
stress was a summation of soil moisture potential and an
index of penetrometer resistance.
Measurement of pine root segment osmotic potential gave
values for cell threshold pressure (below which no
elongation takes place) and cell wall elasticity consistent
with values reported in the literature for other crops.
The response of pine and pea seedlings to moisture
stress in the absence of soil restraint was recorded.
Although root elongation of both species declined as
moisture potential decreased, pine seedlings showed no
osmotic adjustment to moisture potential and consequently
cell turgor decreased as root elongation declined. However,
for peas, turgor was maintained but the correlation between
turgor and elongation was poor, suggesting that the decline
in elongation was due to increased threshold pressure or
decreased cell wall elasticity.
Measurement of pea root potential, after seedling
growth in pots packed with soil of known penetrometer
resistance and moisture potential, showed 11% osmotic
adjustment to soil restraint and 41% adjustment to moisture
potential. The data was consistent with the empirical data
for radiata pine root elongation.
Root behavior, on growing into a more compact soil
layer, was consistent with a net-pressure model of root
elongation when studied in situ using a neutron radiography
technique. The technique was refined to allow a greater
number of exposures for a given reactor run.
Soil strength can be considered a general influence on
radiata pine root growth except where extremes of soil
moisture exist. Any increase in soil strength may reduce the
ability of the root to tolerate moisture stress. The general
influence of soil impedance on root growth and the slow
recovery of some soils after compaction, suggests a better
understanding of the likely effects of forest operations on
soil strength is needed if productivity losses following
harvesting are to be minimized.
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Yang, Shao-Li, and 楊紹立. "Functional studies of SOMBRERO/ANAC033 acting as an extragenic suppressor of FIN219 and regulating hypocotyl elongation of Arabidopsis seedlings in far-red light and jasmonate signaling." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dz9gg2.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>植物科學研究所<br>106<br>Plants have several strategies to grow under different environmental changes by adjusting their internal mechanisms. Under far-red (FR) light, phyA is activated to regulate plant growth and development. FIN219/JAR1 acts as a phyA-downstream component and a node of crosstalk with jasmonate (JA) signaling. To further understand functions of FIN219/JAR1 in regulation FR light and JA signaling, an activation-tagging pool of fin219-1 was generated. By selection of extragenic suppressors of fin219-1 under FR light, the 40-3-1 mutant line was obtained with a suppression of fin219-1 long-hypocotyl phenotype and the mutation affected the expression of several light- and JA-responsive genes. Further characterization revealed that the 40-3-1 was caused by SMB overexpression. The assay of smb-3 fin219-2 double mutant suggested that SMB acts in the same pathway as FIN219/JAR1 in FR light and JA signaling. FIN219/JAR1 interrupted SMB dimerization and resulted in the repression of SMB activity. Furthermore, SMB regulated FIN219/JAR1 transcription in a negative feedback manner. SMB also showed a dosage effect on the modulation of hypocotyl elongation. Taken together, the root cap-specific transcription factor SMB regulates JA signaling and further affects hypocotyl elongation in FR-mediated photomorphogenesis, which suggests that the main source of JA in normal development of seedlings might be from root to aboveground tissues to regulate several physiological processes.
Book chapters on the topic "Seedling Elongation"
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Wright, R. J., V. C. Baligar, D. P. Belesky, and J. D. Snuffer. "The effect of phosphate rock dissolution on soil chemical properties and wheat seedling root elongation." In Plant-Soil Interactions at Low pH. Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3438-5_31.
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Weig, Alfons R., and Daniel A. Eisenbarth. "Role of Aquaporins During Elongation Growth of Castor Bean Seedlings." In Molecular Biology and Physiology of Water and Solute Transport. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1203-5_48.
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Llewellyn, Gerald C., J. D. Reynolds, Charles E. O’Rear, and William V. Dashek. "Probable aflatoxin B1-induced alterations in Triticum SPP, CVS., Seedling Organ Elongations and 65Zn-ZnCl2 Uptake/Distribution." In Biodeterioration Research 1. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0949-9_21.
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Behringer, Friedrich J., Peter J. Davies, Tao Yang, and David M. Law. "The role of indole-3-acetic acid in mediating changes in stem elongation of etiolated pisum seedlings following exposure to light." In Progress in Plant Growth Regulation. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2458-4_51.
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Antonio, José, Abel Piqueras, Joaquín Medina, and Julio Escribano. "A Proteoglycan from Saffron Corm (Crocus sativus L.) Inhibits Root Elongation of Nicotiana tabacum Seedlings and is Highly Cytotoxic on Tobacco Cells and Protoplasts." In Cell and Developmental Biology of Arabinogalactan-Proteins. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4207-0_27.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Seedling Elongation"
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Kanjevac, Milica, Biljana Bojović, Marija Todorović, Dragana Jakovljević, Jovana Momčilović, and Milan Stanković. "EFEKAT HORMOPRAJMINGA NA POBOLJŠANJE OTPORNOSTI KLIJANACA KUKURUZA NA USLOVE SLANOG STRESA." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.449k.
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The paper examines the influence of different salicylic acid concentrations on germination percentage, dynamics and uniformity of germination, elongation and biomass of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings in the early phase of growth and development, as well as the effect of hormopriming by salicylic acid on overcoming salt stress. According to the obtained results, the stimulating effect of salicylic acid on the germination and growth parameters of maize seedlings was confirmed, as well as its protective effect in conditions of salt stress. The concentrations of 10-4 and 10-5 M had the greatest effect on the examined parameters.
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Kalvans, Andis, and Gunta Kalvane. "SOIL WATERLOGGING STRESS COMPENSATED BY ROOT SYSTEM ADAPTATION IN A POT EXPERIMENT WITH SWEET CORN ZEA MAYS VAR. SACCHARATE." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s12.21.
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Soil waterlogging due to excess moisture resulting in hypoxic soil conditions can have detrimental effect on development of many dryland plants growing in locations with temporary water logged soils. Oxygen stress in hypoxic soils can lead to decrease root water uptake and transpiration compared to well aerated soil conditions. In turn reduction of transpiration have a positive effect on soil water budget facilitating the preservation of waterlogged state of the soil. We investigate this phenomenon in a greenhouse pot experiment using sweet corn Zea mays var. saccharate as a model species. After establishment seedlings were subject to a differentiated watering regime ranging for now watering to heavy overwatering resulting in soil waterlogging and flooding. It was observed that the elongation rate of maize seedlings decreased once soil was waterlogged. However soon after soil flooding the elongation reassumed coinciding with appearance of new adventitious roots taping the water layer above flooded soils surface. It is concluded the ability of root system adaptation to change in soil water regime determines the plant species success in sites with periodically waterlogged soils. The feedback between soil aeration status and water uptake can result in swinging between waterlogged and desiccated soil conditions, providing competitive advantages to different sets of species during dry-land and wet-land phases.
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Salverson, Lynsey A. M., Nader Saniei, Mel Mendelson, and Michelle Lum. "An Engineering Approach Investigating the Uptake and Phytotoxicity of One Type of Engineered Nanoparticle (CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots) by Solanum Lycopersicum." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14032.
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The novel and extraordinary physiochemical properties of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) is certain, yet, at the same time, their unique characteristics raise growing concerns regarding potentially adverse effects on biological and ecological systems. It is becoming increasingly evident, that before the full potential of nanotechnology can be realized, standardized characterization of ENPs behavior, fate, and their effects in the ecosystem are essential, to ensure the safe manufacturing and use of ENP products. Otherwise, the promise of such extraordinary advancements may find itself limited to applications such as electronics, and sporting equipments, industries in which it currently resides. The current toxicity profile of engineered nanomaterials is not only preliminary, but highly variable amongst researchers. Emphasizing the great need to develop a highly organized, efficient, and precise approach to assess the hazardous potential ENPs may pose, and address the safety concerns surrounding and limiting nanotechnology. In response to such concerns, the present study took an engineering approach, in an otherwise traditionally viewed discipline, to assess the potential impact of engineered nanoparticles on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings, by implementing a full factorial design of experiment (FDOE) in an effort to identify what factors, and their interactions, have a significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect on root and shoot elongation, and if any observed effects are a result of particle uptake, evaluated via fluorescence microscopy imaging. Therefore, the goal of our study was to design and implement an efficient, effective, and precise method to assess the effect of one type of ENP, water-soluble CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, using Solanum lycopersicum as our model organism, one of 10 species recommended by the Unites States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) for use in phytotoxicity studies, via a methodology we believe novel to nanotechnology. By implementing factorial experimental design methodologies, not only are we efficiently identifying the factors that affect phytotoxicity, we are providing, for the first time to our knowledge, the first scientific data to report the significant interaction effects between the factors responsible for ENP toxicity. Water soluble (MUA) CdSe/ZnS quantum dots used in our study had a negative influence on root and shoot lengths of tomato seeds exposed for 3 and 6 days. The observed influence depended on (MUA) CdSe/ZnS concentration and QD exposure time. The importance of the factor effects were examined via analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-tests, confidence intervals, and normal plot statistical analyses. The findings concluded that factors B, C, and the BC-interaction (CdSe/ZnS: Exposure time, concentration, and exposure time–concentration interaction) significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affected root and shoot lengths of tomato seedlings. Thus, factors A, AB, AC, and ABC (CdSe/ZnS QD: Size, size–concentration, size-exposure time, and size-concentration-exposure time interactions) were not found to have a significant effect on root and shoot lengths of tomato seedlings, and ultimately eliminated from our model. After analyzing the interaction plots, it became evident that low percentages of root reduction are obtained at low concentration levels for short lengths of time; thus, to obtain the least amount of phytotoxic effects one would set factors B (concentration) and C (exposure time) to their low levels, 125 mg/L for 3 days, respectively. Alternatively, high percentages of root reduction are obtained at high concentration levels for long lengths of time; thus, to obtain the greatest phytotoxic effect one would set factors B and C to their high levels, 1000 mg/L for 6 days, respectively. This indicates that as exposure time increases, root reduction increases; thus, phytotoxicity increases. Since our study attempted to realize which factors minimize phytotoxicity effects of one type of ENP, these findings suggest that to minimize phytotoxicity effects (i.e. maximize root length or minimize percent of root reduction) of (MUA) CdSe/ZnS QDs on tomato seeds, set factors B and C (QD concentration and exposure time) to their low levels; that is, expose tomato seeds to 125 mg/L of QD solution for a maximum of 3 days. These settings will yield the least amount of root reduction (5.15%) and; thus, phytotoxicity effects will be minimized. With regard to tomato roots ability to uptake MUA QDs, our results contribute to the literature by reporting uptake possible. Although we did see particles inside the root, it was sporadic and difficult to quantify. As to whether it was intracellular (within the cell) or intercellular (in the spaces between the cells, i.e., outside the cells) we could not conclude with certainty, although we suspect the QDs were intercellular. Thus, we highly recommend future experiments involving cross sections and more in-depth microscopy imaging. Additionally, although the results of our experiment failed to support that particle size (t = 2.13; d.f. = 1; p = 0.065) or the particle size-exposure time interaction (t = 2.17; d.f. = 1; p = 0.062) had a significant effect on root and shoot lengths of tomato seedlings, due to the small p-value associated with both test statistics, it is our belief that particle size and the particle size-exposure time interaction may, in fact, be a real effect; thus, further investigation is recommended.