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Academic literature on the topic 'Seedling emergence'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Seedling emergence"

1

Boligon, Alexandra Augusti, Alessandro Dal'Col Lúcio, Sidinei José Lopes, Alberto Cargnelutti Filho, and Danton Camacho Garcia. "Wheat seedling emergence estimated from seed analysis." Scientia Agricola 68, no. 3 (2011): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162011000300010.

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There are various vigor tests for the evaluation of seeds physiological quality, however, few studies correlate this tests with plants emergency. This study aimed at identifying wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed analysis variables that best predict seedling emergence. Wheat seeds (CEP 30 cultivar) were divided into two batches, one initially subjected to the accelerated ageing process and forming the low-quality batch, and the other, without application of the accelerated ageing process, to compose a high-quality batch. The following seed test variables were evaluated: (i) percentage of normal seedlings in the germination tests, (ii) initial germination counting, (iii) accelerated ageing, (iv) cold test without soil, (v) germination speed index, and (vi) emergence of seedlings in sand after seven and 15 days. The following seedling characteristics were evaluated: root and shoot lengths, total length, and dry mass of the root and shoot. The characteristics evaluated for the seedlings were subjected to path analysis and the seed tests variables to stepwise multiple regression analysis, taking seedling emergence at seven days as the response variable. Factor analysis was also carried out on all variables. Dry mass of the shoot and root length presented the best correlation with seedling emergence for the high-quality batch, but this behavior was not observed for any variable in the low-quality batch. Accelerated ageing was the best seedling emergence estimator for both batches of the used cultivar.

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Cao, Suzhen, Kun Liu, Guozhen Du, et al. "Seedling emergence of 144 subalpine meadow plants: effects of phylogeny, life cycle type and seed mass." Seed Science Research 28, no. 1 (2018): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258518000028.

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AbstractTiming of seedling emergence is a critical aspect of a plant's life cycle, and it may influence the expression of other plant life history traits. However, most studies have been conducted at the population level, and thus little is known about timing of seedling emergence at the community level. In the field, we determined the peak emergence season for seedlings of 144 species collected from a subalpine meadow on the eastern Tibet Plateau in China. The proportion of species with seedlings emerging in autumn, spring and summer, seedling field emergence percentage (FE) and mean emergence time (MET) were analysed in relation to seed mass, life cycle type (annual/biennial and perennial) and phylogeny. The results showed that (1) the proportion of species with seedlings emerging in autumn (33%), spring (44%) and summer (23%) differed significantly; (2) overall, species with seedlings emerging in autumn had higher FE than those emerging during spring/summer; (3) there was a positive relationship between log-seed mass and log-MET, but log-seed mass had no significant effect on log-FE; (4) life cycle type did not affect seedling emergence; and (5) phylogeny significantly explained peak emergence season. These results suggest that seed mass and phylogenetic position are the main determinants of seedling emergence season. However, seedling peak emergence season affected FE, growing season length and resource utilization, and thus may be related to the importance of a species in the community.

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Roe, Nancy E., Peter J. Stoffella, and Donald Graetz. "Composts from Various Municipal Solid Waste Feedstocks Affect Vegetable Crops. I. Emergence and Seedling Growth." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 122, no. 3 (1997): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.122.3.427.

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The composition of composts derived from municipal solid wastes can affect emergence and seedling growth. Composts consisting of biosolids and yard trimmings [standard compost (SC)] alone or with mixed waste paper (MWP), refuse-derived fuel (RDF), or refuse-derived fuel residuals (RDFR) were evaluated in seedling trays and pots for vegetable crop seedling emergence and growth. In trays, tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings emerged faster from a commercial peat-lite mix and from sandy field soil than from the composts. Plants were tallest and shoots were generally heaviest in the peat-lite mix and aged SC and smallest in the field soil. MWP compost generally inhibited early seedling growth more than RDF or RDFR composts. Among the composts, seedlings were tallest and heaviest in SC. In pots, growth of each vegetable was generally greatest in SC, followed by other composts, and lowest in sandy soil. Tomato and pepper seedling emergence was more sensitive to the inhibitory effects of the RDF, RDFR, and MWP composts than cucumber seedling emergence. Fertilizer increased plant growth in each medium except SC, in which cucumber stem diameter was not increased. Adding MWP, RDF, or RDFR to SC generally decreased seedling emergence and growth. The composts prolonged days to emergence and decreased percent emerged seedlings. However, subsequent seedling growth in composts was equal to or greater than seedlings in the peat-lite mix and much greater than those in the sandy field soil.

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Zhang, Bo, and Dehao Zhao. "An Ensemble Learning Model for Detecting Soybean Seedling Emergence in UAV Imagery." Sensors 23, no. 15 (2023): 6662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23156662.

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Efficient detection and evaluation of soybean seedling emergence is an important measure for making field management decisions. However, there are many indicators related to emergence, and using multiple models to detect them separately makes data processing too slow to aid timely field management. In this study, we aimed to integrate several deep learning and image processing methods to build a model to evaluate multiple soybean seedling emergence information. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was used to acquire soybean seedling RGB images at emergence (VE), cotyledon (VC), and first node (V1) stages. The number of soybean seedlings that emerged was obtained by the seedling emergence detection module, and image datasets were constructed using the seedling automatic cutting module. The improved AlexNet was used as the backbone network of the growth stage discrimination module. The above modules were combined to calculate the emergence proportion in each stage and determine soybean seedlings emergence uniformity. The results show that the seedling emergence detection module was able to identify the number of soybean seedlings with an average accuracy of 99.92%, a R2 of 0.9784, a RMSE of 6.07, and a MAE of 5.60. The improved AlexNet was more lightweight, training time was reduced, the average accuracy was 99.07%, and the average loss was 0.0355. The model was validated in the field, and the error between predicted and real emergence proportions was up to 0.0775 and down to 0.0060. It provides an effective ensemble learning model for the detection and evaluation of soybean seedling emergence, which can provide a theoretical basis for making decisions on soybean field management and precision operations and has the potential to evaluate other crops emergence information.

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da Silva, Poliana Noemia, Vinícius Politi Duarte, Evaristo Mauro de Castro, Bruno Montoani Silva, Josiel de Jesus Santos, and Fabricio José Pereira. "Compaction of Iron Mining Tailings Impairs Seedling Emergence of Schinus terebinthifolia but Vigor Features Show Tolerance During Early Growth." Forests 16, no. 6 (2025): 950. https://doi.org/10.3390/f16060950.

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Soil compaction is a well-known harmful process for germination and seedling growth. Studies about compaction in mining tailings have been neglected despite being essential for the reforestation of impacted areas. This work evaluated the effects of compaction of iron mining tailings on the seedling emergence, early growth, and photosynthesis of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi, a tolerant species with potential for reforestation. Experiments were implemented in a greenhouse where seeds of S. terebinthifolia were sown in iron mining tailings with four compaction treatments: (1) an uncompacted dry tailing, (2) uncompacted moistened tailing, (3) compacted dry tailing, and (4) compacted moistened tailing. Penetration resistance, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, seedling biometry, and photochemical traits were evaluated. Compacted moistened tailings showed the highest penetration resistance and uncompacted dry tailings the lowest. Other treatments showed intermediate means. The compacted moistened tailings produced the lowest seedling emergence rate and emergence speed index, and these parameters showed the highest means at uncompacted dry tailings with other treatments showing intermediate means. The compaction did not affect the seedling’s biometric parameters, with a similar growth among all treatments. S. terebinthifolia seedlings showed improved growth parameters during the experimental period, evidencing the potential of the species for the reforestation of impacted areas by iron mining tailings.

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Mendes-Rodrigues, Clesnan, Ana Paula de Souza Caetano, Diana Salles Sampaio, et al. "Gemellar Competition as a Key Component in Seed–Seedling Transition of Handroanthus chrysotrichus (Mart. ex A. DC.) Mattos (Bignoniaceae)." Seeds 2, no. 2 (2023): 177–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/seeds2020014.

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The occurrence of more than one embryo per seed (polyembryony) is common among angiosperms; however, there are gaps in the knowledge of its effects on the early stages of plant development. In this context, we study the effects of polyembryony and intraspecific variability in gemellar competition during the seed–seedling transition in Neotropical Handroanthus chrysotricus (Bignoniaceae). We used seeds from five cultivated trees in an urban environment inserted in a biodiversity hotspot (Cerrado). Embryo mass, seed germination, seedling emergence and seedling morphometry were evaluated. We did not find intraspecific variability in seed germination, seedling emergence or the mean number of embryos and seedlings per seed. On the other hand, intraspecific variability was observed during the transition from embryo to seedling. When only one seedling emerged from a seed, the seed–seedling transition was more asynchronous than when more seedlings emerged from one seed (with higher uncertainty and a longer time to emergence of the last seedling). The mass of embryos and seedlings decreased with the increase in the number of embryos in a seed, reinforcing the occurrence of gemellar competition. However, the total mass of embryos per seed was similar. The increase in seedlings per seed also decreased the morphometric measurements of each one. A positive morphometric aspect of the emergence of two seedlings per seed was that they had the highest total seedling mass, evidencing the positive Allee effect. Polyembryony had both positive and negative effects on seed germination and seedling morphology in the species, which helps to understand how this phenomenon acts on seed biology and plant establishment.

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Zamani, Hamed, Hamidreza Mobasser, Aidin Hamidi, and Alireza Daneshmand. "Seed Germination Improvement, Emergence Uniformity and Seedling Health in Flue-Cured Tobacco by Dressing and Pelleting." Romanian Agricultural Research 39 (2022): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.59665/rar3937.

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To improve seed germination and seedling emergence of K326 flue-cured tobacco seedlings by disinfection and pelleting, this research was conducted at Tirtash Tobacco Research and Education Center, Behshahr, Iran. Tobacco seeds were pelleted with metalaxyl, thiophanate methyl, imidacloprid, thiomethoxam and thiodicarb and disinfected by heating the seeds in hot air at 60°C for one hour, with hot water at 50°C for 10 minutes and by 0.5% sodium hypochlorite for 4 minutes. The results showed that the lowest percentage of normal seedlings, seedling emergence immediately and one year after seed pelleting and rate of germination coefficient immediately after pelleting, was in case of pelleted seeds with 2 mm diameter. Non-pelleted seeds had the highest germination and seedling emergence did not decrease significantly one year after pelleting. The results of this study showed that all seed disinfection treatments improved germination and seedling emergence percentage in floating seedbed trays and transferable seedlings, also seedlings infected with collar rot, sciaridae fly and aphids were reduced. According to the results of this study, pelleted seeds with 1.5 mm diameter had better germination and seedling emergence.

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Möhler, Henrike, Tim Diekötter, Geeltje Marie Bauer, and Tobias W. Donath. "Conspecific and heterospecific grass litter effects on seedling emergence and growth in ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0246459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246459.

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Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn. or common ragwort is a widespread noxious grassland weed that is subject to different regulation measures worldwide. Seedling emergence and growth are the most crucial stages for most plants during their life cycle. Therefore, heterospecific grass or conspecific ragwort litter as well as soil-mediated effects may be of relevance for ragwort control. Our study examines the effects of conspecific and heterospecific litter as well as ragwort conditioned soil on seedling emergence and growth. We conducted pot experiments to estimate the influence of soil conditioning (with, without ragwort), litter type (grass, ragwort, grass-ragwort-mix) and amount (200 g/m², 400 g/m²) on J. vulgaris recruitment. As response parameters, we assessed seedling number, biomass, height and number of seedling leaves. We found that 200 g/m² grass litter led to higher seedling numbers, while litter composed of J. vulgaris reduced seedling emergence. Litter amounts of 400 g/m² had negative effects on the number of seedlings regardless of the litter type. Results for biomass, plant height and leaf number showed opposing patterns to seedling numbers. Seedlings in pots treated with high litter amounts and seedlings in ragwort litter became heavier, grew higher and had more leaves. Significant effects of the soil conditioned by ragwort on seedling emergence and growth were negligible. The study confirms that the amount and composition of litter strongly affect seedling emergence and growth of J. vulgaris. Moreover, while conspecific litter and high litter amounts negatively affected early seedling development in ragwort, those seedlings that survived accumulated more biomass and got taller than seedlings grown in heterospecific or less dense litter. Therefore, ragwort litter has negative effects in ragwort germination, but positive effects in ragwort growth. Thus, leaving ragwort litter on pastures will not reduce ragwort establishment and growth and cannot be used as management tool.

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Abrecht, DG. "No-till crop establishment on red earth soils at Katherine, Northern Territory: effect of sowing depth and firming wheel pressure on the establishment of cowpea, mung bean, soybean and maize." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 3 (1989): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890397.

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The effect of sowing depth and firming wheel pressure of a no-till planter on the emergence and seedling growth of soybean, cowpea, mung bean and maize was examined in a red earth soil at Katherine, Australia. Each species was planted in a factorial combination of 3 sowing depths (60, 80, 100 mm) and 3 seed firming wheel pressures (1, 6, 11 kg/cm tyre width). Hot, dry conditions for 14 days after sowing resulted in rapid drying of the soil and high soil temperature. Most seed germinated but there was considerable variation in seedling emergence. Good seedling emergence of mung bean (96%) and cowpea (95%) contrasted with poorer emergence of soybean (57%) and maize (50%). Maize germinated more slowly than the grain legumes and unemerged seedlings had ceased growing when the coleoptiles were < 10 mm long. Soybean germinated rapidly and hypocotyls of the unemerged seedlings had stopped growing within 20 mm of the soil surface. The development of maize and soybean seedlings may have been retarded by high temperatures and severe soil water deficits. Deep planting slowed emergence but increased seedling growth in maize and soybean. The effect was most evident in soybean. Firming wheel pressure did not influence the soil strength below the planted seed and did not significantly affect seed germination, seedling emergence or seedling growth.

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Zhang, Jianhua, and Paul B. Cavers. "Seedling emergence after maternal bentazon application to 10 cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) populations." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 74, no. 4 (1994): 863–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps94-157.

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Maternal environments have been reported to affect various seed and seedling characteristics in many plants. In this study, we examined the effect of bentazon application to the mother plants on seed germination and seedling emergence of 10 cocklebur populations from wetlands or cultivated land. The mortality or longevity of fully developed seeds was affected significantly by bentazon application. Rate of seedling emergence showed little response, whereas percentage seedling emergence and percentage viable seeds in the soil were reduced by bentazon treatment to the mother plants. Populations from wetlands produced seedlings earlier than those from cultivated land. Key words: Seedling emergence, seed bank, herbicide, bentazon, cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Seedling emergence"

1

Roman, Erivelton Scherer. "Modelling seedling emergence of common lambsquarters in corn." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq31897.pdf.

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Sinclair, John. "Crusting, soil strength and seedling emergence in Botswana." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1985. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU363198.

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This thesis gives the results of an investigation of the strengths and particularly the crust forming potential of arable soils from Botswana and the relationship to seedling emergence of sorghum, the most important crop in Botswana and one that because of its small seed weight (about 2 0 mg) can fail to emerge through a hard soil crust. A review of the literature suggested that the soil factors which had to be considered were dispersibility of clay and factors which affect this, and the bulk density of the soils. Soils which are found in many tropical and sub-tropical regions, with low organic matter and inactive clays can set hard after a simple wetting and drying cycle. In these soils, the strength is very strongly dependent on the water content, showing a hyperbolic or exponential relationship-, and the strengths when dry may be very greatly increased by remoulding the wet soil. The crust strength required to prevent seedling emergence varies with the size of the seedling and for cotton (seed weight about 80 mg), 1-3 MPa penetration resistance measured with a penetrometer is sufficient to prevent emergence. Seedlings exert a total force proportional to their number. In the experimental programme, seedlings' forces were measured, seedling emergence observed in a field experiment under crusting conditions, and the strength characteristics of a group of soils, representative of arable soils in Botswana, studied. A sorghum seedling was found to exert a maximum force of about 1 N or dividing by the area of the plumule, a pressure of about 0,5 MPa. The field experiment showed that much better emergence was obtained from planting 15 seeds together than from planting 4 seeds together when a crust formed after planting. A study of 32 soils, most of them sand to sandy loam in texture but with a few clays and hydroirorphic soils, from arable areas in Botswana showed the sandy to sandy loam soils to have high bulk densities ( 1,45-1 ,75 Mg/m3) and extremely low organic carbon contents (0,12-0,85 g/100g). The bulk densities of all the soils were inversely related to the organic carbon content and this was itself related to the clay content of the soils. The bulk densities of the sands were dependent on the grading of the sand fraction. Many of the soils were sensitive to remoulding in the Emerson test and the sands to loany sands had 0,4-1,0 g/100 g water dispersible clay. Measurements of tensile strength on air-dry samples showed that all the soils, except for one sand, set hard after a wetting and drying cycle, giving for vacuum wet samples indirect tensile strengths 1,0-14,4 kPa. For the sands to sandy loams this strength was related to the water dispersible clay content. Samples wet at atmospheric pressure were weaker than the vacuum wet samples, the reduction in strength was related to the air porosity of the non-vacuum wet soils prior to drying. Remoulding the soils prior to drying them increased the strength by a factor of up to 50 times, giving strengths from 4 kPa to 600 kPa. The strength after remoulding was dependent on the Emerson index. Compacting the soils increased their strength greatly and to an extent that agreed with the hypothesis that the strength obtained was proportional to the area of contact between the particles. Experiments on penetration resistance at a range of water contents were performed on a few soils. A hyperbolic relationship between water content and penetration resistance of the surface soil was found for sand to sandy loam soils, with the maximum resistance of dry soils above 2 MPa. The penetration resistance of the sandy loam soil was Increased three times by disturbing it when wet. Sprinkler wetting the sieved soils was not found to affect the penetration resistance by a large amount compared and other methods of welting. Penetration resistance was measured on air-dry samples of most of the main group of soils following varying degrees of wetting with a rainfall simulator. The clays and hydromorphic soils gave very low values of penetration resistance under these conditions, showing that at organic carbon contents of about 1% and clay contents from 20 to 30%, the decreased bulk density and tendency to form aggregates' on drying overcame the tendency to set hard. The mean values for the sands to sandy loams were from 1 to 6 MPa so all these soils could offer significant resistance to a sorghum seedling. The penetration resistance of the sands and loam/ sands depended on their bulk densities and water dispersible clay contents, while the penetration resistance of the sandy loams depended only on the water dispersible clay content.

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Schutte, Brian J. "Biology and ecology of Ambrosia Trifida L. seedling emergence." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1181937971.

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4

Fessehazion, Melake Kessete. "Predicting and improving seedling emergence of three vegetable crops." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02092006-130454.

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5

Trimble, Loren Ambrose. "Genetic improvement of seedling emergence of low-phytate soybean lines." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009.

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6

Kittock, David L., Wallace C. Hofmann, B. Brooks Taylor, Joel Malcuit, Carl Michaud, and Peter T. Else. "Seedling Emergence Studies on Upland Cotton in Arizona in 1984." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/203916.

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Kittock, D. L., W. C. Hofmann, J. Malcuit, P. Else, and C. Michaud. "Seedling Emergence Studies on Upland Cotton in Arizona in 1985." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219703.

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The 1985 and 1986 Cotton Reports have the same publication and P-Series numbers.<br>Seed of 19 upland cotton varieties was planted early in the season at 3 locations to evaluate relative emergence. Variety comparisons for seedling emergence were consistent at the 3 locations. Comparison of performance of older varieties with past years showed consistent relative emergence in 7 comparisons and an apparent weak seed lot for one variety in 1985 and apparent weak seed lots for another variety in past years. Deltapine 41 has consistently been near the bottom in early season seedling emergence over years and Deltapine 61 has been below average.

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Sill, David W., Barry Tickes, and Lisa A. Carey. "Field Emergence and Seedling Growth of Lettuce as Affected by Pre-Plant/Pre-Emergent Herbicides." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221599.

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Pre plant and pre- emergence herbicides are commonly used in lettuce production. We investigated possible effects the herbicides benefin (Balan), pronamide (Kerb) and bensulfide (Prefar) had on emergence and seedling growth of several iceberg lettuce varieties that had been primed and pelleted by seed enhancement companies The herbicide Prefar and a mixture of Balan + Prefar had the greatest impact on dry weight regardless of variety, while seedlings grown on Kerby plots were not significantly different than seedlings from untreated plots. Dry weight accumulation and field emergence were influenced significantly by pellet types and priming methods.

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Welling, P. (Pirjo). "Regeneration by seeds and vegetation structure in alpine plant communities, subarctic Finland." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:951426861X.

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Abstract The aims were to examine the importance of regeneration by seeds, the influence of plant traits and disturbances, and the role of seed-seedling conflicts in regeneration and in the determination of vegetation structure. The study was carried out at in a subarctic alpine area (Kilpisjärvi 69°01'N 20°50E', Finland). Seed bank and seedling densities were high in many plant communities (ranges 99 -1109 viable seeds/m2 and 0.2-227 seedlings/m2, respectively). Effective seedling recruitment is reflected in vegetation as a high proportion of plants with poor or no vegetative reproduction ability. This development may take place in meadows and snowbeds where herbs (e.g. Gnaphalium supinum, Sibbaldia procumbens, Veronica alpina and Viola biflora) are abundant. On the other hand, the low proportion of these plants in heath vegetation reflects ineffective seedling recruitment. Floristic similarities between the consecutive phases in the regeneration pathway may be low despite effective seedling recruitment. Clonality, large and small seed sizes and appendaged diaspores limit the movement of species from phase to phase. Generally, disturbances facilitate effective regeneration by seeds. Grazing promotes species with large seed banks and is therefore one reason for high seed bank densities. Freezing and melting processes negate a negative influence of altitude on seed bank densities in the phase of seedlings. However, if disturbances are severe and continuous and the soil is compact, unstable or dry, disturbances are not beneficial. The same is true if there is a shift in the species composition of seedlings from gaps to closed vegetation. This phenomenon occurred in a rich meadow. Seed-seedling conflicts limit regeneration by seeds in low-herb snowbeds and Ranunculus glacialis-Gymnomitrion snowbeds. Vegetative reproduction and infrequent pulses of seedling recruitment negate an influence of short-term seedling recruitment on the spatial structure of vegetation. Extreme conditions, such as low temperatures, instability of the soil and late snowmelt modify the influence of factors that are important in more moderate conditions. To conclude, all transitions limit regeneration by seeds. However, favourable conditions (e.g. moist conditions in a meadow) partly eliminate the obstacles against seedling emergence. Regeneration by seeds therefore has a major impact on the dynamics and structure of vegetation. In heath vegetation, where bare soils are dry and the moss cover is thick, large seed banks and seed rains do not guarantee effective seedling recruitment. The regeneration process is reduced in the early phases, and plants that reproduce primarily by seeds have a minor role in vegetation. The accumulation of seed banks is effective in these circumstances.

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Clarke, Jodie Johnson. "Development of a Greenhouse Tobacco Seedling Performance Index." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33863.

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Tobacco seed performance is traditionally measured as percentage germination at 14 d under controlled laboratory conditions. However, under greenhouse conditions, seed lots with equal 14-d germination may exhibit substantial differences in uniformity of early seedling growth and spiral root incidence that impact the number of usable transplants. A seedling performance index (SPI) was developed to quantitatively describe greenhouse tobacco seedling performance. The 14-d emergence, relative leaf area uniformity, and seedling leaf area determined by computer image analysis were used to calculate the index. Greenhouse tobacco seed trials demonstrated that seed with the Rickard pellet had higher emergence, but the higher spiral root incidence associated with the Rickard pellet lowered the SPI compared to the Cross Creek pellet. Primed seed lots of flue-cured cultivars (NC 72 and NC 71) had a significantly higher SPI than the nonprimed seed lots at one location but not at a second location. Seed lots sown in Premier Pro-Mix TA commercial medium had a higher spiral root incidence, which resulted in a lower SPI compared to Carolina Choice, Carolina Gold, and Sunshine LP5 commercial media. The index quantitatively determined differences in seedling performance under greenhouse conditions not reflected by standard germination tests. Significant differences in the SPI were observed among seed lots with certified 90% germination. The SPI is a simple method to describe seedling performance because the data used to calculate the SPI is obtained from one seed tray image. In contrast, frequent counting and seedling evaluations are involved with standard germination and vigor tests.<br>Master of Science

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Books on the topic "Seedling emergence"

1

Institute, Petawawa National Forestry. Modelling seedling emergence using soil monoliths. Petawawa National Forestry Institute, 1995.

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McWilliam, S. C. Establishment of oilseed rape: The influence of physical characteristics of seedbeds and weather on germination, emergence and seedling survival. HGCA, 1998.

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Test No. 208: Terrestrial Plant Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test. OECD, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264070066-en.

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Competitive effects of bluebunch wheatgrass, crested wheatgrass, and cheatgrass on antelope bitterbrush seedling emergence and survival. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1999.

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Venegas, Cesar Rolando. The effect of direct application of liquid fertilizers on the germiniation, emergence and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). 1988.

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Riggs, Kate. Ambulances: Seedlings. Creative Company, The, 2016.

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Thomasson, James E. Effects of tillage-induced soil compaction on carrot seedlings emergence and yield. 1988.

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Thomasson, James E. Effects of tillage-induced soil compaction on carrot seedlings emergence and yield. 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Seedling emergence"

1

Wright, L. Neal. "Drought Influence on Germination and Seedling Emergence." In Drought Injury and Resistance in Crops. Crop Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub2.c2.

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Wang, H., H. Cutforth, T. McCaig, et al. "Modeling Time of Seedling Emergence of Spring Wheat." In Crop Modeling and Decision Support. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01132-0_1.

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Baker, C. J., and P. J. Desborough. "Optimizing Seed Placement to Maximize Seedling Emergence under No Tillage." In World Soybean Research Conference III: Proceedings. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429267932-157.

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Stoffella, Peter J., and Donald A. Graetz. "Sugarcane Filtercake Compost Influence on Tomato Emergence, Seedling Growth, and Yields." In The Science of Composting. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1569-5_175.

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Meiman, Paul J., Edward F. Redente, and Mark W. Paschke. "Diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa Lam.) seedling emergence and establishment in a Colorado grassland." In Herbaceous Plant Ecology. Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2798-6_22.

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Ogundola, Adijat Funke, Anthony Jide Afolayan, and Callistus Bvenura. "Solanum nigrum Seed Viability and Germination, and Soil Modulation Effect on Seedling Emergence." In Sustainable Uses and Prospects of Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003206620-8.

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Basu, Sudipta, and Steven P. C. Groot. "Seed Vigour and Invigoration." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_4.

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AbstractSeed vigour is an important aspect of seed quality. It is a quantitative trait which is responsible for overall seed performance in terms of rate and uniformity of seed germination, seedling growth, emergence ability under unfavourable environments and post storage performance. Seed vigour is controlled by genetic factors, initial seed quality, production environments, harvesting and storage conditions. Seed vigour tests provide a more sensitive index of seed performance per se than the germination test. Efforts have been focused on developing novel or improving existing methods of vigour estimation in different crops. The vigour tests are tools routinely used for in-house seed quality control programs, especially for field and vegetable crops. Some treatments can improve seed vigour, although the treatment effects are more evident under sub-optimum than optimum growing conditions. This chapter deals with different aspects of seed vigour and its effects on plant growth and discusses physiological and biochemical parameters to understand underlying mechanisms.

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Herr, D. G., and L. C. Duchesne. "Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana) Seedling Emergence is Affected by Organic Horizon Removal, Ashes, Soil, Water and Shade." In Boreal Forests and Global Change. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0942-2_16.

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Pandit, Bishnu Hari, Netra Kumari Aryal, and Hans-Peter Schmidt. "Social-Ecological Transformation Through Planting Mixed Tree Species on Abandoned Agricultural Land in the Hills of Nepal." In Fostering Transformative Change for Sustainability in the Context of Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS). Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6761-6_5.

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AbstractA project entitled, “Building village economies through climate farming & forest gardening” (BeChange) was implemented in four municipality areas of the Tanahun and Lamjung districts of Nepal from May 2015. In order to assess changes in the social-ecological system that result from this project targeting abandoned agricultural lands, this case study was conducted using various methods: triad grouping, GPS point surveys, household surveys, focus group discussions (FGDs), field observation and reports. A participatory approach in reforestation on abandoned agricultural land with introduction of carbon credits has become a new livelihood strategy for local communities. It has not only attracted domestic and international tourists, but also helped to conserve biodiversity and local ecology. This activity also united village women and indigenous communities as triad groups for collaborative outcomes. A total of 42,138 seedlings of mixed tree species such as Michelia champaca, Elaeocarpus ganitrus, Bassia butyraceae, Bauhinia purpurea, and Cinnamon tamala were planted by 276 families on abandoned agricultural land between May 2015 and July 2018. However, as of 2020, this range has expanded to include 635 families with plantations of more than 65,000 seedlings. The set-up and maintenance of these forest gardens were financed with advanced payments for the carbon sink services of the planted trees. Farmers who succeeded with tree survival rates above 80% received an additional yearly carbon sink payment. The outcomes of the project show significant improvements in food security and tree biodiversity in the project villages. Of the total sampled households, almost half (45%) were under extreme poverty and had food sufficiency for only 3 months/year before the project. With the project, this percentage dropped to 22%, signals the emergence of seeds for transformative change.

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Prasad, Tottempudi K., and Cecil R. Stewart. "Molecular Mechanisms of Chilling-Induced Oxidative Stress Injury and Tolerance in Pre-Emergent Maize Seedlings." In Plant Cold Hardiness. Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0277-1_20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Seedling emergence"

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Zhao, Jiangtao, Xue Kong, Yirou Liu, Guowei Li, and Zhenhai Li. "Estimation of Peanut Seedling Emergence Rate of Peanut Based on Deep Learning and Drone Imagery." In 2024 China Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/cac63892.2024.10865426.

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Khalid, Mustafa M., and R. L. Kushwaha. "Seedling Emergence Simulation Using Mechanical Probes." In International Off-Highway & Powerplant Congress & Exposition. SAE International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/921618.

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Li, Xiaoying, and Bo Zhang. "Improving Edamame Seedling Establishment by Determining the Optimal Temperature." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/ybzg7716.

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Demand in the United States for edamame has increased over the past two decades. Edamame has become the second largest soyfood consumed in the US (25,000-30,000 tons annually). While domestic edamame production is slowly increasing, at least 70% of edamame consumed in the US is imported. Poor crop establishment is a major problem limiting edamame production. Seedling emergence ranges from 50-85%, which is lower than that of grain-type soybean ( >85%). Seedling stand can be improved by growing under the optimal temperature. Up to now, edamame is planted still based on grain-type soybean recommendations. The objective of this study was to determine the minimum, optimum, and maximum emergence temperatures of edamame. It will provide a scientific basis for deciding the best planting time of edamame, ultimately improving its seedling stand in the field. In this study, two edamame cultivars (VT Sweet and UA Kirksey) were tested for their seedling emergence percentage and emergence rate (i.e., emergence speed) at 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 32, 35, 38, 41, 45 °C (soil temperature) using the LabFieldTM Simulation Table. Two grain-type soybean cultivars (MFS-48P1 and USF5618v) were checks. The results showed that the optimal temperature range for edamame seedling emergence is 25-32 °C, which is lower than that of grain-type soybean (29-36 °C). Soybean did not emerge at around 4 °C, however, edamame seeds may have a higher tolerance to low temperature compared with grain-type soybean. The maximum temperature varied little among soybean types, with an average of 41.08 °C. In addition, edamame needs more thermal time to emerge. The results indicate that edamame has a different emergence response to temperature compared with grain-type soybean. Edamame should be planted earlier than grain-type soybean and later planting may reduce edamame seedling emergence.

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ZHANG, Yan, Ting LIU, Jia HE, Xiuzhong YANG, Laigang WANG, and Yan GUO. "Estimation of peanut seedling emergence rate of based on UAV visible light image." In International Conference on Agri-Photonics and Smart Agricultural Sensing Technologies (ICASAST 2022), edited by Jiandong Hu. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2657094.

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Carla N. Thomas, William L. Bauerle, Tom O. Owino, and John P. Chastain. "Land Application of Brick Plant Air Scrubber Byproduct: Influence on Corn Seedling Emergence and Plant Development." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.16416.

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Saulić, Markola, Ivica Đalović, Dragana Božić, and Sava Vrbničanin. "PROCENA AKTIVNE REZERVE SEMENA KOROVSKIH BILJAKA U ZEMLJIŠTU." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.093s.

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Knowledge and understanding of the size and composition of soil weed seed reserves can help in planning a successful and timely weed control strategy and assessing the dynamics of weed emergence. It is very important to have an insight into what percentage of the latent plant community will pass into the active community. The seedling emregence method gives the number and structure of seeds that have passed the dormancy phase. It was determined that in the monoculture of soybean 24.9% of seeds are ready to germinate out of the total estimated weed seed bank, while in the three-field crop rotation 23.61% of seed. The largest number of germinated seeds comes from the weed species Chenopodium albumand Chenopodium hybridum.

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Kan, Haiming, Juying Wu, Tiejun Sun, Guixia Liu, and Zhuo Pang. "The Effects of Gap Disturbance on the Seedling Emergence, Survival and Growth of Two Different Native Species in Inner Mongolia." In 2016 International Forum on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ifeesd-16.2016.174.

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Silva, José Aliçanro Bezerra da, Marcelo da Silva Martins, Diego Ariel Meloni, et al. "Emergence of maize seedlings of the variety BRS Caatingueiro irrigated with brackish groundwater from a semiarid soil." In Annals of the Brazilian Congress of Plant Physiology and Ibero-latinamerican Congress of Plant Biology. Even3, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29327/175303.1-4.

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Rostova, E. N. "Brassica nigra in the steppe Crimea." In РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-15.05.2020.32.

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The expansion of the oilseeds adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the steppe Crimea will increase the biodiversity on the peninsula and, therefore, maximize the efficient use of its natural potential. Brassica nígra is an insufficiently studied crop under the conditions of the Crimean steppe zone. Therefore, the aim of the research was to study the biological characteristics, seed productivity, and yield quality indicators of some varieties of Brassica nígra in the aforementioned environmental conditions. We studied two varieties of Brassica nígra namely ‘Niagara’ and ‘Smuglyanka’ under rain-fed conditions without any fertilizers. Preceding crop – winter wheat. Cultivation technology – generally accepted. The growing season of ‘Niagara’ variety was 4-7 days shorter than that of ‘Smuglyanka’. This difference was due to the late emergence of seedlings. However, all the following stages of growth and development took place almost simultaneously. In 2017-2019, ‘Niagara’ variety gave the highest yield (0.45 t/ha) exceeding ‘Smuglyanka’ by 0.15 t/ha. The maximum content of fatty oil was in the ‘Niagara’ seeds – 39.3%; ‘Smuglyanka’ contained 24.7%. The main advantage of ‘Niagara’ – high content of essential oil in the seeds (0.96%), which is 3.7 times higher than in the seeds of the ‘Smuglyanka’ variety.

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Malii, Aliona. "Low temperature testing of soybean lines." In Scientific International Symposium “Advanced Biotechnologies - Achievements and Prospects” (VIth Edition). Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/abap6.2022.103.

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The experiments were carried out with the aim of testing under climate chamber conditi-ons at low positive temperatures (+4˚С, +8˚С) and the optimal temperature (+25˚С) of soybean lines obtained by experimental mutagenesis (γ rays) to select genotypes capable of germinating under low temperature conditions that are recorded in the Republic of Moldova at the end of march - beginning of april. Climate change in recent years is a global phenomenon with a direct impact on all agri-cultural crops. These climate changes are also felt in the territory of the Republic of Moldova, where the cultivation of spring crops is associated with a high risk due to regular droughts that leave their mark on the production of agricultural crops, leading to important harvest losses or the death of plants. In addition, due to climate warming in recent decades, the frequency, dura-tion and intensity of summer droughts are continuously increasing [1]. In the soybean crop, the most sensitive phase of the ontogenesis is the ﬁlling of the grain, which occurs in August - the driest period of the year, which often leads to incomplete ﬁlling of the seeds and a noticeable decrease in yield [2]. In order to avoid thermal and water stress conditions in critical moments (ﬂowering, grain ﬁlling), technological methods can be used through early sowing and the se-lection of genotypes from groups of lower maturity [3]. Germination and emergence of soybean seedlings of the vast majority of varieties are able to withstand only short-term frosts, up to minus 2 - 4 ˚С. In the Republic of Moldova, soybean sowing is recommended in the second half of April - the beginning of May. One of the ways to increase the proﬁtability of soybeans is to move the sowing dates to earlier and extra early dates (late winter - early spring). This requires varieties resistant to low temperatures, with an active development of plants in early spring against the background of low positive temperatu-res and to survive late spring frosts. An early sowing date for these varieties provides the basis for productivity, as it makes optimal use of the remaining soil moisture from the dry weather winter and allows them to ripen a month earlier than usual, eliminating August droughts [4]. At the same time, early sowing brings a series of advantages to the farmer, limiting their economic risks [5].

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Reports on the topic "Seedling emergence"

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Hall, Derek B., Val Jo Anderson, and Stephen B. Monsen. Competitive effects of bluebunch wheatgrass, crested wheatgrass, and cheatgrass on antelope bitterbrush seedling emergence and survival. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rp-16.

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Tunning, Tyler. Biological seed treatments’ effects on organic corn hybrid seedling emergence in laboratory vigor tests and field trials. Iowa State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-301.

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Juvik, John, Avri Bar Zur, William Tracy, and Torbert Rocheford. A Physiol. and Genetic Evaluation of Kernel Characteristic Assoc. with Germination and Seedling Emergence in Maize with the Shrunken-2 and Sugary Enhancer Endosperm Mutations. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604307.bard.

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Seginer, Ido, Daniel H. Willits, Michael Raviv, and Mary M. Peet. Transpirational Cooling of Greenhouse Crops. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573072.bard.

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Background Transplanting vegetable seedlings to final spacing in the greenhouse is common practice. At the time of transplanting, the transpiring leaf area is a small fraction of the ground area and its cooling effect is rather limited. A preliminary modeling study suggested that if water supply from root to canopy is not limiting, a sparse crop could maintain about the same canopy temperature as a mature crop, at the expense of a considerably higher transpiration flux per leaf (and root) area. The objectives of this project were (1) to test the predictions of the model, (2) to select suitable cooling methods, and (3) to compare the drought resistance of differently prepared seedlings. Procedure Plants were grown in several configurations in high heat load environments, which were moderated by various environmental control methods. The difference between the three experimental locations was mainly in terms of scale, age of plants, and environmental control. Young potted plants were tested for a few days in small growth chambers at Technion and Newe Ya'ar. At NCSU, tomato plants of different ages and planting densities were compared over a whole growing season under conditions similar to commercial greenhouses. Results Effect of spacing: Densely spaced plants transpired less per plant and more per unit ground area than sparsely spaced plants. The canopy temperature of the densely spaced plants was lower. Air temperature was lower and humidity higher in the compartments with the densely spaced plants. The difference between species is mainly in the canopy-to-air Bowen ratio, which is positive for pepper and negative for tomato. Effect of cooling methods: Ventilation and evaporative pad cooling were found to be effective and synergitic. Air mixing turned out to be very ineffective, indicating that the canopy-to-air transfer coefficient is not the limiting factor in the ventilation process. Shading and misting, both affecting the leaf temperature directly, proved to be very effective canopy cooling methods. However, in view of their side effects, they should only be considered as emergency measures. On-line measures of stress: Chlorophyll fluorescence was shown to accurately predict photosynthesis. This is potentially useful as a rapid, non-contact way of assessing canopy heat stress. Normalized canopy temperature and transpiration rate were shown to correlate with water stress. Drought resistance of seedlings: Comparison between normal seedlings and partially defoliated ones, all subjected to prolonged drought, indicated that removing about half of the lowermost leaves prior to transplanting, may facilitate adjustment to the more stressful conditions in the greenhouse. Implications The results of this experimental study may lead to: (1) An improved model for a sparse canopy in a greenhouse. (2) A better ventilation design procedure utilizing improved estimates of the evaporation coefficient for different species and plant configurations. (3) A test for the stress resistance of transplants.

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Agassi, Menahem, Michael J. Singer, Eyal Ben-Dor, et al. Developing Remote Sensing Based-Techniques for the Evaluation of Soil Infiltration Rate and Surface Roughness. United States Department of Agriculture, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7586479.bard.

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The objective of this one-year project was to show whether a significant correlation can be established between the decreasing infiltration rate of the soil, during simulated rainstorm, and a following increase in the reflectance of the crusting soil. The project was supposed to be conducted under laboratory conditions, using at least three types of soils from each country. The general goal of this work was to develop a method for measuring the soil infiltration rate in-situ, solely from the reflectance readings, using a spectrometer. Loss of rain and irrigation water from cultivated fields is a matter of great concern, especially in arid, semi-arid regions, e.g. much of Israel and vast area in US, where water is a limiting factor for crop production. A major reason for runoff of rain and overhead irrigation water is the structural crust that is generated over a bare soils surface during rainfall or overhead irrigation events and reduces its infiltration rate (IR), considerably. IR data is essential for predicting the amount of percolating rainwater and runoff. Available information on in situ infiltration rate and crust strength is necessary for the farmers to consider: when it is necessary to cultivate for breaking the soil crust, crust strength and seedlings emergence, precision farming, etc. To date, soil IR is measured in the laboratory and in small-scale field plots, using rainfall simulators. This method is tedious and consumes considerable resources. Therefore, an available, non-destructive-in situ methods for soil IR and soil crusting levels evaluations, are essential for the verification of infiltration and runoff models and the evaluation of the amount of available water in the soil. In this research, soil samples from the US and Israel were subjected to simulated rainstorms of increasing levels of cumulative energies, during which IR (crusting levels) were measured. The soils from the US were studied simultaneously in the US and in Israel in order to compare the effect of the methodology on the results. The soil surface reflectance was remotely measured, using laboratory and portable spectrometers in the VIS-NIR and SWIR spectral region (0.4-2.5mm). A correlation coefficient spectra in which the wavelength, consisting of the higher correlation, was selected to hold the highest linear correlation between the spectroscopy and the infiltration rate. There does not appear to be a single wavelength that will be best for all soils. The results with the six soils in both countries indeed showed that there is a significant correlation between the infiltration rate of crusted soils and their reflectance values. Regarding the wavelength with the highest correlation for each soil, it is likely that either a combined analysis with more then one wavelength or several "best" wavelengths will be found that will provide useful data on soil surface condition and infiltration rate. The product of this work will serve as a model for predicting infiltration rate and crusting levels solely from the reflectance readings. Developing the aforementioned methodologies will allow increased utilization of rain and irrigation water, reduced runoff, floods and soil erosion hazards, reduced seedlings emergence problems and increased plants stand and yields.

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