Academic literature on the topic 'Seedling material'
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Journal articles on the topic "Seedling material"
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Zhang, Ying, Qian-Jin Zhu, Shuai Gao, Shuang Liu, Long-Hai Li, and Hai-Tao Chen. "Optimization of Technological Parameters of Straw Fiber-Based Plant Fiber Seedling Pot Raw Materials." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15 (2021): 7152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11157152.
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Straw fiber seedling pots are a promising substitute for plastic seedling pots. The mixing mode of straw fiber affects the mechanical properties of the raw material membrane of the seedling pot. To explore the processing technology of making the raw material membrane of the seedling pot with two kinds of plant fibers in a layered manner, the optimal combination of the process parameters of the raw material membrane of the seedling pot without additives in the production process was studied experimentally. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyze the parameters (beating degree of unbleached softwood kraft pulp fiber, beating degree of wheat straw fiber, wheat straw fiber quality percentage content, and film grammage) with regard to the dry tensile index and Z-direction tensile index of the seedling pot body. The optimal process parameter combination with a certain dry tensile index and Z-direction tensile index of seedling pot raw material was obtained by using four factors and five levels of a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation center combination design parameter optimization experiment. The optimal technical parameters were optimized as wheat straw fiber quality percentage content 70%, film grammage 70 g/m2, unbleached softwood kraft pulp fiber beating degree 47–48 °SR, and wheat straw fiber beating degree 65–75 °SR. With the optimal conditions, the dry tensile index of the seedling bowl raw material film was between 21 and 22 N·(m·g−1), and the Z-direction tensile index was greater than 2.1 N·(m·g−1). Using wheat straw fibers and unbleached sulfite wood pulp fibers as raw materials for seedling pots, the raw material membrane of the seedling pots was made in a layered manner. The experimental study proved this feasibility. With this mixing process of raw materials, the straw fiber-based plant fiber seedling pot would meet the demands of a crop nursery after adding chemical additives. The research results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the manufacture of the raw material membrane of the seedling pot body.
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Fukasawa, Y., Y. Komagata, and S. Ushijima. "Fungal wood decomposer activity induces niche separation between two dominant tree species seedlings regenerating on coarse woody material." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47, no. 1 (2017): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0218.
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Decomposition subsystems have an essential role in forest dynamics but few studies demonstrate the effect of microbial decay traits on seedling regeneration. In the present study, we focused on seedling regeneration on coarse woody material (CWM), which is an important regeneration site for forest tree species, and the effects of wood decay type according to fungal decay preference for wood structural components on seedling colonization. Effects of log properties including wood decay type and other environmental variables on seedling density were evaluated by ordination methods and generalized linear models. In total, 22 woody species were recorded as seedlings on Pinus densiflora logs. By ordination analysis, white rot in heartwood and brown rot in sapwood, as well as canopy openness and log diameter, showed significant association with seedling communities. The factors selected for a generalized linear model for explaining seedling densities of the two dominant seedling species Cryptomeria japonica and P. densiflora included brown rot in sapwood and white rot in heartwood, but the effects were different: a positive effect of brown rot on C. japonica and a negative effect of white rot on P. densiflora. These results suggested that wood decay type could induce niche separation between dominant tree species regenerating on CWM.
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Riikonen, Johanna, and Jaana Luoranen. "Seedling Production and the Field Performance of Seedlings." Forests 9, no. 12 (2018): 740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9120740.
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The rapid establishment of seedlings in forest regeneration or afforestation sites after planting is a prerequisite for successful reforestation. The relationship between the quality of the seedling material and their growth and survival after outplanting has been recognized for decades. Despite the existence of a substantial amount of information on how to produce high-quality seedlings, there is still a need to develop practices that can be used in nurseries and at planting sites to be able to produce well-growing forest stands in ever-changing environments. This Special Issue of Forests is focused on seedling quality and how it can be manipulated in a nursery as well as how the quality of the seedlings affects their field performance after planting.
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Windyarini, Eritrina, and Tri Maria Hasnah. "Identification and Seedlings Growth Evaluation of Shorea Species-Producing Tengkawang." Jurnal Wasian 2, no. 1 (2015): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/jwas.v2i1.868.
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Most of non timber forest product (NTFP) utilization taken from natural forests which decrease on productivity annually, including tengkawang producer species which taken from West Kalimantan natural forests. This condition needs an effort to preserve those species from natural population utilization through plantation forest development that require spesific strategy. This study was part of breeding strategy of shorea species producing tengkawang which aimed to species identify and seedling growth evaluation used genetic material from 2 (two) population from West Kalimantan. The research was arranged in 2 (two) steps, i.e.1) species identification used morphology characteristic difference, and 2) seedling growth evaluation (height,diameter,sturdiness). Seedling growth evaluation was arranged in RCBD, with 5 plot (combination of species and source population), contained 25 seedlings and 4 replications (blocks). The result showed that seedlings of shorea species producing tengkawang, i.e. S.stenoptera, S.macrophylla, and S.gysbertsiana can be different from its stipulae morphology characteristic. Growth of 10 months shorea species producing tengkawang seedlings were significantly different on height and sturdiness. Seedlings height were 67,19 – 88,79 cm, seedlings diameter 9,65 – 10,33 mm and sturdiness 7 – 9,21 in range. The best seedling growth was S.stenoptera and S.macrophylla from Gunung Bunga, West Kalimantan.
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Cabral, Rogério Do Carmo, Daniele Ferreira Cavalcante, Eduardo Pradi Vendruscolo, et al. "Reflective material on cultivation benches and rice straw over the substrate in papaya seedling production." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 11, no. 8 (2020): 1713–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v11i8.2481.
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Improving environmental conditions in the production of seedlings by expanding the distribution of photosynthetically active radiation in abaxial leaves and protecting the substrate with straw can promote the production of higher quality seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the reflective materials over the cultivation bench and the use of rice straw over the substrate in the formation of papaya seedlings of the group ‘Formosa’. The joint analysis was performed considering a completely randomized experimental design in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with five replications and six seedlings per plot. The use of aluminized screen (Aluminet®) and aluminum foil with an area of 1 m x 1.2 m as reflective material on the cultivation bench and treatment without reflective material were evaluated. Also, the presence and absence of a rice straw layer with 5 cm height, as covering over the substrate were evaluated. In the benches with aluminum foil and without reflective material, the seedling production without rice straw over the substrate provided papaya seedlings of higher quality than the rice straw over the substrate. The aluminum foil produced high-quality papaya seedlings in the treatments with rice straw over the substrate. The aluminized screen on the cultivation bench was not favorable for the papaya seedlings production.
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Han, Luhua, Menghan Mo, Yansu Gao, Haorui Ma, Yang Liu, and Hanping Mao. "Effects of Biochar Addition into Substrate on Tomato Plug Seedlings and Its Working with Automatic Transplanting." Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 16, no. 1 (2022): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2022.2150.
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Vegetable seedling transplantation has become a beneficial and specialized procedure, and a vegetable-specific study on seedling qualities for compatibility with automatic transplanting is needed. In this study, biochar prepared from corn straws was used as the auxiliary material to cultivate seedlings. Firstly, physicochemical properties of compound substrates with different composite of biochar (volume ratio 0, 10, 20~50%) and growth indices of seedlings were measured according to agpronomic conditions. Then, mechanical properties of root lumps and transplanting integrity were investigated. Finally, the optimal seedling qualities for automation of seedling transplanting were comprehensively evaluated with Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). In the results, the rich porous structure and surface area of corn straw biochar can regulate the physicochemical properties of the matrix, which significantly affected the growth of seedling roots and plants. The biochar addition of 10% and 20% in volume ratios was beneficial to the root formation and plant growth. More than 30% biochar-treated substrates had a tendency to inhibit seedling growth. Under the same seedling conditions, the appropriate addition of biochar can improve the twisting strength of root lumps and prevent axial deformation. In conclusion, the comprehensive evaluation coefficient of addition with 10% biochar was 0.67, which was significantly higher than other treatments. Under this treatment, tomato seedlings were stockily grown with rich roots, and the integrity rate of automatic transplanting was above 96%. The biochar of corn straws may be an effective application for the necessary qualities of seedlings for automatic transplanting.
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Attree, S. M., S. Budimir, and L. C. Fowke. "Somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from cultured shoots and cotyledons of seedlings from stored seeds of black and white sprees (Picea Mariana and Picea glauca)." Canadian Journal of Botany 68, no. 1 (1990): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b90-005.
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Embryogenic callus was induced from cultured explants of 12- to 30-day seedlings germinated from 10- and 4-year stored seeds of black and white spruce, respectively. Plantlets were regenerated from a 12-day black spruce seedling derived embryogenic callus. This is the oldest conifer seedling material shown to give rise to embryogenic callus, and the first demonstration in spruce that seedling-derived embryogenic calli are competent of plantlet regeneration. The effect of a cytokinin pretreatment on embryogenic callus induction from 12-day black spruce seedling shoot explants was investigated. Although an induction frequency of 18% occurred after 2 weeks preculture of shoot explants on medium containing 4.5 μM benzyladenine, the cytokinin pretreatment was not significantly superior to controls given no pretreatment (12%). Age of explant influenced embryogenic induction frequencies from black and white spruce. Explants from 21-day black spruce seedlings produced embryogenic calli at a frequency of 5%. In comparison, shoot explants from 12- and 30-day white spruce seedlings given no benzyladenine pretreatment displayed induction frequencies of 38 and 18%, respectively.
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Zatokovyi, V. Yu, L. M. Kotsiubynska, O. V. Motorna, V. A. Pavliuk, and N. V. Pavliuk. "Economic justification for growing walnut rootstocks (Juglans regia L.)." Plant varieties studying and protection 17, no. 1 (2021): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21498/2518-1017.17.1.2021.228217.
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Purpose. To establish economic feasibility of growing walnut rootstocks. Methods. Walnut seedlings, promising as rootstocks in Ukraine, were studied in nurseries IE Zatokovyi V. Yu. (Sloboda Komarivtsi village, Storozhynets district, Chernivtsi region) during 2018–2020. Economic efficiency of growing rootstocks was determined according to the Method of economic and energy assessment of types of fruit and berry plantations, pomological varieties and the results of technological research in horticulture (2002). Results. To determine the economic efficiency of seedling cultivation, the technological map of walnut seedling cultivation was analyzed. The largest share in the structure of costs was accounted for by labor remuneration – 86.7%. The reason was the use of manual labor, which accounted for 96.5% of the total technology of growing seedlings. The level of mechanization of cultivation was only 3.5%. The total fuel consumption per 1 hectare was 120.7 liters, or UAH 2,957.20 in monetary terms. Thus, fuel consumption accounted for a small share – 0.4% of the cost of one seedling. One hectare of land provided an output of 65 thousand pcs of walnut seedlings, which amounted to 1,625 thousand UAH at a cost of 25 UAH/piece. Material costs amounted to 46.16 thousand UAH/ha (total costs – 712.43 thousand UAH). Therefore, the cost was extremely low and the level of profitability was extremely high. Conclusions. Growing walnut seedlings of the varieties ‘Slava Ukrainy’, ‘Pamiati Zatokovoho’, ‘Lysychanskyi’ is economically feasible. This is due to the relatively low cost of one seedling (UAH 10.82) and high profitability of production of the original breeding material for grafting and planting industrial crops.
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Nuryawan, A., S. Fatimah, K. S. Hartini, and N. Masruchin. "Experimental study on the utilization of residue from particleboard’s recycling activity." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 912, no. 1 (2021): 012069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/912/1/012069.
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Abstract Both solid and liquid residues derived from activity of particleboard (PB)’srecycling were investigated. The solid was attempted to make recycle particleboard (rPB) while the liquid was tried to use as fertilizer to seedling of Acacia crassicarpa. Objective of this study was to compare quality between PB and rPB and to evaluate seedling growth of A.crassicarpa exposed to liquid disposal from PB’s recycling activity. Methods of this study were consisted of testing of physical and mechanicalproperties of industrial PB, manufacturing rPB, and comparing the properties between PB and rPB. Prior to manufacture rPB, liquid disposal from PB’s recycling activity was released through water immersion of industrial waste’s PB comprised of predominant trimming residues. The liquid disposal was measured its nitrogen (N) content and then it was kept in a gallon for further use as fertilizer. Observation on growth parameters (height, diameter, leaves number and seedling’s strength) of both treated and untreated seedlings was conducted weekly for 2 months. Results of this study showed: 1)rPB was feasible to be produced but their quality was slightly decreased. 2) Liquid disposal during cyclist test and water immersion of PB’s residues contained 0.69% N. 3) Growth parameters of A.crassicarpa seedling showed response positively and significant statistically between treated and untreated seedlings. These findings suggested that both residues originated from PB’s recycling can be utilized further; the solid can be used as raw material of rPB while the liquid can be utilized as fertilizer to seedlings.
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Budi, Sri Wilarso, and Faradila Mei Jayani. "Respon Pertumbuhan Semai Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King) pada Pot Organik dan Diinokulasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA)." Journal of Tropical Silviculture 11, no. 2 (2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/j-siltrop.11.2.45-50.
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A forest trees seedling production nowadays had used a polybag that caused the roots grow in a circle and the polybag are not easily degraded by the environment. It can be replaced with the use of container based on organic material that is environmentally friendly. The purposes of this study were to analyze the effect of treatment of raw material of organic pot and to analyze the inoculation of AMF to the growth of mahogany seedling as well. This study used the completely randomized design with two factor. The interaction of organic pot composition and the addition of AMF were significantly affected in terms of height and total dry weight of mahogany seedling. A single treatment of organic pot composition gave a significant effect on the increase of mahogany seedling diameter. A single treatment with AMF addition was significantly affected on the increase of both diameter and % mycorrhizal colonization at the root of mahogany seedling. The best treatment that has the greatest response of mahogany seedlings growth was the organic pot composition of newspaper:compost with a ratio of 3:2 along with the addition of AMF.
 Keywords: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), inoculation, Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King), Organic Pot, seedling
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Seedling material"
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Lui, Jandislau José [UNESP]. "Doses de resíduo sólido orgânico urbano no substrato, associado a regimes de irrigação, na formação de mudas de eucalipto." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105300.
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lui_jj_dr_jabo.pdf: 909592 bytes, checksum: 9868994b0210fa5ac801ff0d8f87e500 (MD5)<br>Funep<br>O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar doses de resíduo sólido orgânico urbano no substrato, associado a regimes de irrigação, na formação de mudas de eucalipto. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Câmpus da UNESP, de Jaboticabal, localizado a 21º15’22” de latitude sul, 48º18’58”de longitude oeste. Foram utilizados nove substratos, sendo dois latosolos, um vermelho eutroférrico argiloso e outro vermelho distrófico, seis misturas de latossolos com resíduo sólido orgânico urbano dessecado e triturado, não compostado e, este último, puro. Utilizou-se irrigação com quatro regimes (50%, 75%, 100% e 130% dos valores diários determinados) e a avaliação feita em cinco épocas (15, 29, 41, 53 e 79 dias após a semeadura). Foram avaliadas variáveis biométricas da cultura, variáveis químicas dos substratos e regimes de irrigação. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o Resíduo Sólido Orgânico Urbano (R.S.O.U.) constitui-se fonte de nutrientes para as plantas e material corretivo com atributos químicos semelhantes a adubo mineral e calcário. Para os substratos constituídos com latosolo vermelho eutroférrico argiloso, doses com até 40% de R.S.O.U. não exerceram influência negativa nas plantas. Nos substratos constituídos com latosolo vermelho distrófico, a dosagem máxima para que o R.S.O.U. não influencie na vida das mudas, foi de 20%. Os melhores resultados para as plantas ocorreram o regime de irrigação de 75% do valor diário determinado. A relação C/N foi crescente com o aumento da porcentagem de R.S.O.U. Ao final da pesquisa a maioria dos substratos estavam na faixa entre 1/7,7 a 1/14,7.<br>The deposition of trash in landfill, controlled landfills, and in its greatest part, in open dumps, pollute the soil and take spaces that could be used for other purposes. In relation to the organic trash, it has been used composted as manure in the agriculture, however, there are many inconveniences caused by this technique, among them contamination, a large used area, the long time of the process and the high cost. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of non composted urban organic solid residue dosages, in the substrate, associated to irrigation ways in the formation of Eucalyptus seedlings. The research was developed at the UNESP Campus, in Jaboticabal - SP, Brazil, located at 21º 15’ 22” South latitude, 48º 18’58” West longitude. Nine substrates were used, two latosols, one red clayey Eutroferric and another dystrophic red , six mixtures of latosols with dried and ground urban organic solid residue, non composted and one with pure residue. The irrigation was based on four levels, (50%, 75%, 100% and 130% of the evapotranspiration daily values). The plants behavior evaluation was done in five ages (15, 29, 41, 53 and 79 days after the sowing). It was evaluated the biometric variables of the culture and chemical variables of the substrates. The obtained results indicated that: the Urban Organic Solid Residue (U.O.S.R.) is a source of nutrients for the plants and corrective material, with chemical attributes similar to mineral manure and limestone. For the substrates constituted by red clayey eutroferric latosol, dosages up to 40% of U.O.S.R. did not have a negative influence on the plants. In the substrates constituted by dystrophic red latosol, the maximum dosage, so that the U.O.S.R. did not influence negatively on the lives of the plants, was 20%. The best results for the plants behavior occurred at the irrigation... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
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Lui, Jandislau José. "Doses de resíduo sólido orgânico urbano no substrato, associado a regimes de irrigação, na formação de mudas de eucalipto /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105300.
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar doses de resíduo sólido orgânico urbano no substrato, associado a regimes de irrigação, na formação de mudas de eucalipto. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Câmpus da UNESP, de Jaboticabal, localizado a 21º15'22" de latitude sul, 48º18'58"de longitude oeste. Foram utilizados nove substratos, sendo dois latosolos, um vermelho eutroférrico argiloso e outro vermelho distrófico, seis misturas de latossolos com resíduo sólido orgânico urbano dessecado e triturado, não compostado e, este último, puro. Utilizou-se irrigação com quatro regimes (50%, 75%, 100% e 130% dos valores diários determinados) e a avaliação feita em cinco épocas (15, 29, 41, 53 e 79 dias após a semeadura). Foram avaliadas variáveis biométricas da cultura, variáveis químicas dos substratos e regimes de irrigação. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o Resíduo Sólido Orgânico Urbano (R.S.O.U.) constitui-se fonte de nutrientes para as plantas e material corretivo com atributos químicos semelhantes a adubo mineral e calcário. Para os substratos constituídos com latosolo vermelho eutroférrico argiloso, doses com até 40% de R.S.O.U. não exerceram influência negativa nas plantas. Nos substratos constituídos com latosolo vermelho distrófico, a dosagem máxima para que o R.S.O.U. não influencie na vida das mudas, foi de 20%. Os melhores resultados para as plantas ocorreram o regime de irrigação de 75% do valor diário determinado. A relação C/N foi crescente com o aumento da porcentagem de R.S.O.U. Ao final da pesquisa a maioria dos substratos estavam na faixa entre 1/7,7 a 1/14,7.<br>Abstract: The deposition of trash in landfill, controlled landfills, and in its greatest part, in open dumps, pollute the soil and take spaces that could be used for other purposes. In relation to the organic trash, it has been used composted as manure in the agriculture, however, there are many inconveniences caused by this technique, among them contamination, a large used area, the long time of the process and the high cost. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of non composted urban organic solid residue dosages, in the substrate, associated to irrigation ways in the formation of Eucalyptus seedlings. The research was developed at the UNESP Campus, in Jaboticabal - SP, Brazil, located at 21º 15' 22" South latitude, 48º 18'58" West longitude. Nine substrates were used, two latosols, one red clayey Eutroferric and another dystrophic red , six mixtures of latosols with dried and ground urban organic solid residue, non composted and one with pure residue. The irrigation was based on four levels, (50%, 75%, 100% and 130% of the evapotranspiration daily values). The plants behavior evaluation was done in five ages (15, 29, 41, 53 and 79 days after the sowing). It was evaluated the biometric variables of the culture and chemical variables of the substrates. The obtained results indicated that: the Urban Organic Solid Residue (U.O.S.R.) is a source of nutrients for the plants and corrective material, with chemical attributes similar to mineral manure and limestone. For the substrates constituted by red clayey eutroferric latosol, dosages up to 40% of U.O.S.R. did not have a negative influence on the plants. In the substrates constituted by dystrophic red latosol, the maximum dosage, so that the U.O.S.R. did not influence negatively on the lives of the plants, was 20%. The best results for the plants behavior occurred at the irrigation... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)<br>Orientador: João Antonio Galbiatti<br>Coorientador: Jairo Augusto Campos de Araújo<br>Banca: Raimundo Leite Cruz<br>Banca: Maurício José Borges<br>Banca: Edemo João Fernandes<br>Banca: Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissara<br>Doutor
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Обабко, В. В. "Особливості вирощування лісового садивного матеріалу в ДП «Остерське лісове господарство»". Thesis, Чернігів, 2021. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/23141.
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Обабко, В. В. Особливості вирощування лісового садивного матеріалу в ДП «Остерське лісове господарство» : випускна кваліфікаційна робота : 205 «Лісове господарство» / В. В. Обабко ; керівник роботи О. М. Корма ; НУ "Чернігівська політехніка", кафедра аграрних технологій та лісового господарства. – Чернігів, 2021. – 45 с.<br>Випускна кваліфікаційна робота «Особливості вирощування лісового садивного матеріалу в ДП «Остерське лісове господарство»» присвячена проблемі лісорозведення та лісовідновлення, головним і найефективнішим методом яких є посадка сіянців і саджанців деревних і чагарникових порід на лісокультурну площу. Правильна організація високопродуктивного лісового розсадника, створеного за принципами останніх досягнень лісокультурної справи, є актуальною темою сьогодення. Автором проаналізовано стан вивчення питання на основі 47 літературних джерел. В ході дослідження автором було проаналізовано стан вирощування лісового садивного матеріалу в розсадниках лісгоспу.<br>Graduation qualification work «Peculiarities of growing forest planting material in the State Enterprise «Oster Forestry»» is devoted to the problem of afforestation and reforestation, the main and most effective method of which is the planting of seedlings and saplings of trees and shrubs on the forest area. Proper organization of a highly productive forest nursery, created on the principles of the latest achievements of forestry, is a topical issue today. The author analyzes the state of study of the issue on the basis of 47 literature sources. During the study, the author analyzed the state of cultivation of forest planting material in nurseries of the forestry.
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Тарасенко, Н. А. "Особливості вирощування лісового садивного матеріалу з відкритою кореневою системою в ДП «Чернігівське лісове господарство»". Thesis, Чернігів, 2021. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/23148.
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Тарасенко, Н. А. Особливості вирощування лісового садивного матеріалу з відкритою кореневою системою в ДП «Чернігівське лісове господарство» : випускна кваліфікаційна робота : 205 «Лісове господарство» / Н. А. Тарасенко ; керівник роботи К. М. Кудряшова ; НУ "Чернігівська політехніка", кафедра аграрних технологій та лісового господарства. – Чернігів, 2021. – 66 с.<br>У роботі описано процес вирощування садивного матеріалу з відкритою кореневою системою в ДП «Чернігівське лісове господарство». У дослідженні було наведено кліматичні умови регіону, проаналізовано досвід вирощування садивного матеріалу з відкритою кореневою системою в господарстві та надані рекомендації щодо поліпшення лісовідновлювальної справи. Виявлені біометричні показника вирощування сіянців у відкритому та закритому ґрунтах. Проведено порівняльний аналіз показників росту посадкового матеріалу з відкритим та закритим ґрунтами в лісових розсадниках. Проаналізовано агротехніку вирощування сіянців та надані пропозиції щодо покращення вирощування лісовідновлювального матеріалу.<br>The paper describes the process of growing planting material with an open root system in the SE "Chernihiv Forestry". The study presented the climatic conditions The paper describes the process of growing planting material with an open root system in the SE "Chernihiv Forestry". The study presented the climatic conditions of the region, analyzed the experience of growing planting material with open root system on the farm and provided recommendations for improving reforestation. A comparative analysis of growth indicators of planting material with open and closed soil in forest nurseries.
Agrotechnics of seedling cultivation is analyzed and suggestions for improving the cultivation of reforestation material are given.
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Маковійчук, О. Я. "Удосконалення технологій вирощування садивного матеріалу Сосни звичайної в ДП «Ріпкирайагролісгосп»". Thesis, Чернігів, 2020. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/20247.
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Маковійчук, О. Я. Удосконалення технологій вирощування садивного матеріалу Сосни звичайної в ДП «Ріпкирайагролісгосп» / О. Я. Маковійчук; керівник роботи Селінний М. М.; Національний університет «Чернігівська політехніка», кафедра аграрних технологій та лісового господарства. – Чернігів, 2020. – 68 с.<br>У розділі 1 описані теоретичні положення про особливості вирощування
садивного матеріалу деревних видів.
У 2 розділі наведена характеристика природно-кліматичних умов та лісового
фонду ДП «Ріпкирайагролісгосп».
Вплив умов вирощування на ріст і розвиток сіянців сосни звичайної та
викладення результатів дослідження наведена у 3 розділі. У 4 розділі
представлені охорона праці при виконанні лісогосподарських робіт.<br>Section 1 describes the theoretical provisions regarding the characteristics of
tree planting stock growing.
Chapter 2 describes the characteristics of the natural and climatic conditions
and the forest fund of the state enterprise SE "Ripkirayagrolisgosp".
The effect of growing conditions on the growth and development of pine
seedlings is common and the results of the study are presented in Chapter 3. Section
4 presents the protection of labor during forestry operations
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Heineman, Jeanette Lynne. "Growth of Interior spruce seedlings on forest floor materials." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29871.
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On a site with a high water table and thick forest floor near Smithers, B.C., two year-old Interior spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss X Picea engelmanni Parry) container seedlings were outplanted onto mineral soil, H-layer material, F-layer material, and rotten wood. Large and small screef sizes were utilized. Temperature and volumetric water contents of the various substrates were monitored over the 1989 growing season, and fertilization with NH₄NO₃ was carried out at the beginning of the 1990 growing season. Destructive sampling of the seedling population took place in August 1989 and August 1990 in order to determine height, root collar diameter, root mass, shoot mass, total seedling mass, and shoot to root ratio. Foliar N concentrations were also determined in late August 1990.
Differences in height and diameter for the seven screef size/substrate treatments were not significant, but the organic substrates produced seedlings of greater root, shoot, and total seedling mass than did mineral soil. Greater seedling mass was correlated most strongly with higher substrate temperature, and to a lesser extent with lower soil moisture content, as well as with higher foliar N concentration. There were no significant differences in survival between the treatments. Seedlings growing in the organic substrates had higher foliar N levels, and fertilization improved growth for all parameters.
It is concluded that on sites such as this, better growth results can be achieved by planting Interior spruce seedlings high above the water table in F-layer material, where conditions are warmer and drier, than by making deep screefs down to more traditionally acceptable planting substrates such as mineral soil or even the well decomposed H-layer material.<br>Forestry, Faculty of<br>Graduate
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Білоногов, О. С. "Досвід вирощування садивного матеріалу в ДП «Сосницярайагролісгосп»". Thesis, Чернігів, 2020. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/20172.
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Білоногов, О. С. Досвід вирощування садивного матеріалу в ДП «Сосницярайагролісгосп» : дипломна робота : 205 Лісове господарство / О. С. Білоногов; керівник роботи Селінний М. М; Національний університет «Чернігівська політехніка», кафедра аграрних технологій та лісового господарства. – Чернігів, 2020. – 60 с.<br>Актуальність роботи зумовлена підвищенням уваги до питань,
пов’язаних із лісовідновленням, лісорозведенням та озелененням населених
пунктів, необхідністю вдосконалення виробництва садивного матеріалу у
розсадниках ДП «Сосницярайагролісгосп» і на території України в цілому.
Тенденція до переважання штучних насаджень над природними в нашій
державі продовжує зберігатися. Залісення планово зрубаних ділянок
відбувається, за рідким винятком, шляхом створення лісових культур, що
дозволяє щорічно збільшувати площі штучно створених лісів на 32-35 тис. га.
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Németh, M. Barbara. "Pollen Performance and Seedling Vigor in Laboratory and Natural Populations of Clarkia Unguiculata (Onagraceae)." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1117816212.
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Junior, José Carlos Arthur. "Uso de tubete e de minitubete de compósito de polihidroxibutirato mais pó de madeira na produção e no plantio de mudas seminais e clonais de eucalipto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-24052011-083039/.
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O início do uso de tubete na década de 80 revolucionou os viveiros, e hoje mesmo apresentando desvantagens, é amplamente difundido em todo o setor florestal. Esses tubetes de polipropileno, derivado do petróleo, possuem dois problemas: uso de fonte não renovável e resíduos para descarte. Uma alternativa é a substituição por plásticos biodegradáveis. Os objetivos foram avaliar: (a) a taxa de decomposição do compósito; (b) o crescimento em altura e em diâmetro do colo (DAC); (c) a produção de biomassa aérea e radicular; (d) a concentração de nutrientes nos tecidos vegetais; (e) a eficiência do uso de condições ambientais e de atributos do solo para predizer a taxa de decomposição. Os estudos no processo seminal ocorreram no viveiro da ESALQ, em Piracicaba. Para estudar a taxa de decomposição do compósito, utilizaram-se formulações com 20 e 30% (p p-1) de pó de madeira. No verão e no inverno aplicaramse 150; 225 e 300 g de N m-3 de substrato na fertilização de base. A diminuição de massa foi mensurada a cada dez dias, até 90 dias. Avaliou-se se o crescimento em altura e em DAC de mudas seminais entre 40-90 dias após a semeadura, a produção de biomassa e concentração de macronutrientes aos 90. No plantio realizado na E.E.C.F. de Anhembi, em três blocos ao acaso avaliou-se o crescimento em altura, em DAC e de produção biomassa, aos 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 e 120 dias. Para as mudas clonais utilizou-se tubete e minitubete de polipropileno, tubetes na coloração normal e na coloração escurecida, e minitubete de compósito. O estudo realizou-se em quatro viveiros e quatro plantios de Eucalyptus sp. no estado de São Paulo. No viveiro utilizouse 4 blocos casualizados. O crescimento em altura e em DAC, e a biomassa foram mensurados aos 90 dias. O plantio clonal em três blocos ao acaso foi mensurado em altura, DAC e produção de biomassa aos 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 e 150 dias. A concentração de macronutrientes foi determinada aos 150 dias. Os dados foram submetidos aos testes de normalidade, de homogeneidade de variâncias, da Análise de Variância e de Tukey. A análise da relação entre as variáveis dependentes e independentes foi realizada por meio de análises de correlação e de regressão. O aumento da dose de N e do teor de madeira não proporcionou aumento da taxa de decomposição, ao contrário da estação climática. A abertura de fissuras causou deformação do tubete, dificultando o manejo. As mudas seminais, crescimento e biomassa não diferiram no verão. Os plantios seminais não diferiram em crescimento e em biomassa. No sistema clonal crescimento e biomassa diferiram nos viveiros. No plantio clonal, crescimento e produção de biomassa não diferiram em três sítios. Tubetes e minitubete de compósito não impediram o desenvolvimento do sistema radicular. A diminuição da massa dos tubetes ou minitubete de compósito, em produção de mudas seminais ou clonal, pôde ser prevista com alta precisão em função das condições ambientais. Da mesma forma nos plantios seminais. No plantio clonal pelo menos em dois sítios houve alta relação.<br>The introduction of plastic tubes on 80s revolutionized nurseries, and nowadays even with disadvantages, is widespread throughout the forest sector. These polypropylene tubes, derived from petroleum, have two problems: use of a nonrenewable resource and waste for disposal. An alternative is the substitution for biodegradable plastics. The objectives were to assess: (a) the rate of decomposition of the composite, (b) the growth in height and ground level diameter (DAC), (c) the production of stem and root biomass, (d) the concentration of nutrients on plant tissues, (e) the efficiency of use of environmental conditions and soil properties to predict the rate of decomposition. Studies in the seminal case occurred in ESALQ´s nursery, Piracicaba. To study the rate of decomposition of composite were used formulations with 20 and 30% (p p-1) of wood powder. During summer and winter were applied 150, 225 and 300 g N m-3 of substrate for base fertilization. Decrease in mass was measured every ten days until 90 days. We evaluated the growth in height and DAC from seedlings between 40-90 days after sowing, the production of biomass and macronutrients at 90. On planting, held at E.E.C.F. of Anhembi in three randomized blocks, were evaluated height growth, DAC and biomass production at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 days. For cuttings, we used minitubes and tubes of polypropylene, and tubes with normal and darkened colors, and minitubes of composite. The study took place in four nurseries and four Eucalyptus sp. plantations at state of São Paulo. At nursery we used four randomized blocks. The growth in height, DAC and biomass were measured at 90 days. The clonal plantation in three randomized blocks was measured in height, DAC and biomass production at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days. The concentration of macronutrients was determined at 150 days. Data were tested for normality, homogeneity of variance, analysis of variance and Tukey test. Analysis of relationship between dependent and independent variables was performed using correlation and regression. The increase of N and wood content did not increase the rate of decomposition, unlike the weather season. Opening of cracks caused deformation of the tube, making it difficult to manage. The growth and biomass of seedlings did not differ on summer. Seminal plantations did not differ in growth and biomass. At clonal system, growth and biomass differed in nurseries. In clonal plantation, growth and biomass production did not differ at three sites. Minitube and tubes of composite did not prevent the development of root system. Decrease of tube or minitube of composite masses in production from seedlings or cuttings was predicted with high accuracy, as a function of environmental conditions. Likewise in seminal plantations. In clonal planting, at least two sites, showed high relation.
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Iatauro, Ricardo Antoniolli [UNESP]. "Avaliação energética e econômica da substituição de tubetes de plástico por tubetes biodegradáveis na produção de mudas de aroeira - Schinus terebinthifokius Raddi." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90463.
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iatauro_ra_me_botfca.pdf: 617835 bytes, checksum: e45788236bc4e1ba197654d440ef1c35 (MD5)<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)<br>Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)<br>Os tubetes ou células de germinação disponíveis hoje no mercado são de derivados do petróleo como o polietileno e o poliestireno tipo isopor, um recurso não renovável. Focalizando o mercado de produtos alternativos, anteriores pesquisas com subprodutos e resíduos agroindustriais resultaram em um material biodegradável com o qual foi possível confeccionar tubetes com volume reduzido (26 cm3) em relação aos convencionais (55 cm3). O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os tubetes biodegradáveis comparando-os com tubetes de polietileno através do sistema de produção de mudas de aroeira (Schinus terebinthyfolius Raddi), utilizando-se análise clássica de crescimento, porcentagem de germinação e sobrevivência das mudas e custo de produção operacional da fase de crescimento das mudas. Para estabelecer as comparações os tubetes biodegradáveis e seu material foram caracterizados quimicamente e, mecanicamente por ensaios de resistência à ruptura de corpos de prova por impacto, tração paralela e flexão. No viveiro estabeleceu-se o uso de 230 tubetes biodegradáveis e 230 de plástico, divididos em dois lotes: 1) Não Destrutivo: 40 tubetes biodegradáveis e 40 de plástico. 2) Destrutivo: 190 tubetes biodegradáveis e 190 de plástico. A análise química dos tubetes biodegradáveis antes do uso, após a fase de crescimento e do substrato mostrou a lixiviação de minerais, pois o material dos tubetes é poroso permitindo a adsorção de água juntamente com seus minerais dissolvidos. Verificou-se também redução de Carbono e Matéria Orgânica...<br>Actually commercial pots or germination cells are composed by polyethylene and polyesthyrene, non-renewable source. Use of by-products and residues for biodegradable pots production with low volume (26cm3) when compared with traditional pots (55cm3) were made aiming the market of new products. This work had as purpose to compare the seedling aroeira production (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) in biodegradable pots and polyethylene pots as support. It was used classic growth analysis, germination and survival seedling percentages and operational production cost of growth phase seedling. The chemical and mechanical characteristics (resistance to rupture for impact, parallel traction and flexion) were analyzed. It was used 230 biodegradable pots and 230 polyethylene pots, divided in two parcels in plant house. 1) Non-destruction parcel: 40 biodegradable pots and 40 polyethylene pots. 2) Destruction parcel: 190 biodegradable pots and 190 polyethylene pots. The results of chemical analysis showed that occurred mineral substrate lixiviation to pots. Due the porous characteristics of biodegradable pots can be occurred water adsorption and dissolved minerals. It was observed Carbon and Organic Matters decrease in biodegradable pots, which evidence the pots biodegradation in growth phase already. The results of mechanical test showed that the best result for manual technique is pushing (flexion) instead of pulling (traction). It will also possible compare this biodegradable material with others products. The germination and survival seedling percentages were 100% in both pots. The growth analysis results showed that lower volume of biodegradable pots did not affect the growing of roots as well as the plant development. The cost of operational production in...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Books on the topic "Seedling material"
1
Racey, G. D. Moisture retaining materials for tree seedling packaging: A literature review. Ontario Tree Improvement and Forest Biomass Institute, 1988.
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2
PORLA), Workshop on Oil Palm Planting Materials (1994. Workshop on Oil Palm Planting Materials: Requirement towards the 21st century : proceedings. Palm Oil Registration & Licensing Authority, Ministry of Primary Industries, Malaysia, 1994.
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3
(Illustrator), Tim Collins, ed. It's Game Day! (Seedlings). Seedling Publications, Inc., 1992.
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4
D, Haywood James, and Technology & Development Program (U.S.), eds. Mulch mat materials for improved tree establishment. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Technology & Development Program, 1996.
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5
D, Haywood James, and Technology & Development Program (U.S.), eds. Mulch mat materials for improved tree establishment. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Technology & Development Program, 1996.
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6
D, Haywood James, and Technology & Development Program (U.S.), eds. Mulch mat materials for improved tree establishment. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Technology & Development Program, 1996.
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7
Potter, Beatrix. Classic Tale of Peter Rabbit: A Little Seedling Toddler Tuffable Edition. Cider Mill Press Book Publishers, LLC, 2021.
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8
Workshop on Oil Palm Planting Materials: Requirement towards the 21st century : Proceedings. Palm Oil Registration & Licensing Authority, Ministry of Primary Industries, Malaysia, 1994.
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9
Gleń-Karolczyk, Katarzyna. Zabiegi ochronne kształtujące plonowanie zdrowotność oraz różnorodność mikroorganizmów związanych z czernieniem pierścieniowym korzeni chrzanu (Atmoracia rusticana Gaertn.). Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-39-7.
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Horseradish roots, due to the content of many valuable nutrients and substances with healing and pro-health properties, are used more and more in medicine, food industry and cosmetics. In Poland, the cultivation of horseradish is considered minor crops. In addition, its limited size causes horseradish producers to encounter a number of unresolved agrotechnical problems. Infectious diseases developing on the leaves and roots during the long growing season reduce the size and quality of root crops. The small range of protection products intended for use in the cultivation of horseradish generates further serious environmental problems (immunization of pathogens, low effectiveness, deterioration of the quality of raw materials intended for industry, destruction of beneficial organisms and biodiversity). In order to meet the problems encountered by horseradish producers and taking into account the lack of data on: yielding, occurrence of infectious diseases and the possibility of combating them with methods alternative to chemical ones in the years 2012–2015, rigorous experiments have been carried out. The paper compares the impact of chemical protection and its reduced variants with biological protection on: total yield of horseradish roots and its structure. The intensification of infectious diseases on horseradish leaves and roots was analyzed extensively. Correlations were examined between individual disease entities and total yield and separated root fractions. A very important and innovative part of the work was to learn about the microbial communities involved in the epidemiology of Verticillium wilt of horseradish roots. The effect was examined of treatment of horseradish cuttings with a biological preparation (Pythium oligandrum), a chemical preparation (thiophanate-methyl), and the Kelpak SL biostimulator (auxins and cytokinins from the Ecklonia maxima algae) on the quantitative and qualitative changes occurring in the communities of these microorganisms. The affiliation of species to groups of frequencies was arranged hierarchically, and the biodiversity of these communities was expressed by the following indicators: Simpson index, Shannon–Wiener index, Shannon evenness index and species richness index. Correlations were assessed between the number of communities, indicators of their biodiversity and intensification of Verticillium wilt of horseradish roots. It was shown that the total yield of horseradish roots was on average 126 dt · ha–1. Within its structure, the main root was 56%, whereas the fraction of lateral roots (cuttings) with a length of more than 20 cm accounted for 26%, and those shorter than 20 cm for 12%, with unprofitable yield (waste) of 6%. In the years with higher humidity, the total root yield was higher than in the dry seasons by around 51 dt · ha–1 on average. On the other hand, the applied protection treatments significantly increased the total yield of horseradish roots from 4,6 to 45,3 dt · ha–1 and the share of fractions of more than 30 cm therein. Higher yielding effects were obtained in variants with a reduced amount of foliar application of fungicides at the expense of introducing biopreparations and biostimulators (R1, R2, R3) and in chemical protection (Ch) than in biological protection (B1, B2) and with the limitation of treatments only to the treatment of cuttings. The largest increments can be expected after treating the seedlings with Topsin M 500 SC and spraying the leaves: 1 × Amistar Opti 480 SC, 1 × Polyversum WP, 1 × Timorex Gold 24 EC and three times with biostimulators (2 × Kelpak SL + 1 × Tytanit). In the perspective of the increasing water deficit, among the biological protection methods, the (B2) variant with the treatment of seedlings with auxins and cytokinins contained in the E. maxima algae extract is more recommended than (B1) involving the use of P. oligandrum spores. White rust was the biggest threat on horseradish plantations, whereas the following occurred to a lesser extent: Phoma leaf spot, Cylindrosporium disease, Alternaria black spot and Verticillium wilt. In turn, on the surface of the roots it was dry root rot and inside – Verticillium wilt of horseradish roots. The best health of the leaves and roots was ensured by full chemical protection (cuttings treatment + 6 foliar applications). A similar effect of protection against Albugo candida and Pyrenopeziza brassicae was achieved in the case of reduced chemical protection to one foliar treatment with synthetic fungicide, two treatments with biological preparations (Polyversum WP and Timorex Gold 24 EC) and three treatments with biostimulators (2 × Kelpak SL, 1 × Tytanit). On the other hand, the level of limitation of root diseases comparable with chemical protection was ensured by its reduced variants R3 and R2, and in the case of dry root rot, also both variants of biological protection. In the dry years, over 60% of the roots showed symptoms of Verticillium wilt, and its main culprits are Verticillium dahliae (37.4%), Globisporangium irregulare (7.2%), Ilyonectria destructans (7.0%), Fusarium acuminatum (6.7%), Rhizoctonia solani (6.0%), Epicoccum nigrum (5.4%), Alternaria brassicae (5.17%). The Kelpak SL biostimulator and the Polyversum WP biological preparation contributed to the increased biodiversity of microbial communities associated with Verticillium wilt of horseradish roots. In turn, along with its increase, the intensification of the disease symptoms decreased. There was a significant correlation between the richness of species in the communities of microbial isolates and the intensification of Verticillium wilt of horseradish roots. Each additional species of microorganism contributed to the reduction of disease intensification by 1,19%.
Book chapters on the topic "Seedling material"
1
Céspedes, Reina, Noel Arrieta, Miguel Barquero, Ana Abdelnour, Nielen Stephan, and Ingelbretch Ivan. "Determination of radiosensitivity of Coffea arabica var. 'Venecia' seeds to gamma-ray irradiation." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0033.
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Abstract Coffee is one of the most commercially available raw materials, being the tropical product with the highest market value in the world. In Costa Rica it is the third most important product for agricultural exports and provides the main income for many families in the country. However, coffee is under threat due to coffee leaf rust disease (CLR). Mutation breeding in coffee is a promising approach to develop new varieties resistant to CLR. As a new technology for coffee, basic tests related to mutation induction need to be done. The plant material used was Coffea arabica var. 'Venecia' seeds, with a moisture content of 27.3%. The applied irradiation doses were 0, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160 and 180 Gy. For each treatment, three replicates of 200 g were used, with a seed number range of 765-808 units per replicate. The irradiated seeds were planted on the same day. Eighty days after treatment the number of seedlings was quantified, the hypocotyl height and radicle length were measured and the opening of cotyledons was determined for each dose. The effects of the radiation doses on seed germination frequency were recorded. At the dose of 80 Gy, germination was reduced over the control by 9.65%, at 100 Gy by 34.06%, at 120 Gy by 52.76%, at 140 Gy by 60.24%, at 160 Gy by 65.56% and at 180 Gy by 75.40%. Seedling growth was affected and a delay in opening of the cotyledons was observed at higher doses. This radiosensitivity test, based on seed germination as compared with unirradiated control, revealed that the LD<sub>50</sub> for the variety tested is in the range 100-120 Gy experimentally, and according to the regression is 125 ± 30 Gy. This dose will be used for further bulk experiments and is of great importance, because the LD<sub>50</sub> is considered as the range where the appearance of useful mutations in breeding programmes is favoured. The establishment of these parameters is a necessary advance to continue with measurements of genetic and phenotypical parameters to implement mutation breeding in coffee looking for new sources of resistance against CLR.
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Das, Priyanka, Rajeev N. Bahuguna, Rohit Joshi, Sneh Lata Singla-Pareek, and Ashwani Pareek. "In search of mutants for gene discovery and functional genomics for multiple stress tolerance in rice." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0045.
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Abstract Mutation breeding is a commanding tool, which has been adapted to generate altered genetic material to study functional genomics, including understanding the molecular basis of stress tolerance. Hitherto, several rice lines have been generated through mutagenesis and the mutated genes responsible for the 'gain of function' in terms of plant architecture, stress tolerance, disease resistance and grain quality have been characterized. Oryza sativa L. cv. IR64 is a high-yielding rice cultivar but sensitive to abiotic stresses such as acute temperatures, salinity and drought. In this study, a population of rice IR64 mutants was generated using gamma irradiation. The population was then subjected to a preliminary phenotypic screening under abiotic stresses such as heat and salinity at the seedling stage. On the basis of root length, shoot length, fresh weight, dry weight and chlorophyll measurements, we identified eight 'gain-of-function' mutant lines and used them for further biochemical and molecular characterization. Phenotyping results demonstrated that the identified mutant plants have gained the potential to thrive under heat and salinity conditions. This information would be of wide scientific interest and helpful for developing novel cultivars able to maintain yield in saline, hot and dry areas.
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Ekyastuti, Wiwik, and Emi Roslinda. "Revegetation Prospects on Ex-illegal Gold Mining Sites Using Secondary Forest Seedling Materials." In Sustainable Future for Human Security. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5430-3_1.
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Gomez-Pando, Luz, Jesus Bernardo-Rojas, Denisse Deza-Montoya, Martha Ibañez-Tremolada, and Enrique Aguilar-Castellanos. "Mutation induction to improve quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) resistance to downy mildew (Peronospora variabilis)." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0019.
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Abstract Quinoa is an important crop due to its nutritional characteristics (better than cereals) and its tolerance to abiotic stresses. However, various factors such as high susceptibility to diseases, especially downy mildew caused by Peronospora variabilis, limit its agricultural performance. Genetic improvement of quinoa could reduce the need to use fungicides for this crop and maintain the organic quality of Peruvian production in small-scale farms. Seeds of var. 'Amarilla Marangani', irradiated with 150 and 250 Gy of gamma-rays (<sup>60</sup>Co), were evaluated in two experimental locations in Peru: coastland at La Molina and highland at Huancayo. Resistance to downy mildew and other agricultural traits in the M<sub>3</sub> and M<sub>4</sub> generations was studied. In both locations, downy mildew was observed in susceptible plants under natural infection, from the seedling stage to plant maturity. At the coastland site, six mutants with 30% leaf infection were obtained in the progeny of plants exposed to 150 Gy. Five additional mutants with 40% leaf infection were found in the progeny of plants exposed to 250 Gy. In the highland trial, only seven lines were identified with 30% severity (foliar area with symptoms) among the plants from the 150 Gy experiment. The parent materials showed 70-80% disease severity. Mutant lines with quantitative resistance and tolerance to downy mildew, high yield potential, reduced duration, shorter plant height, altered inflorescence shape and grain colour mutations were selected from both doses. This study showed that quantitative resistance and tolerance to downy mildew could be obtained in quinoa and this resulted in increased grain yields.
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Raharilaza, Nathalie Viviane. "Degraded Landscape Transformed into Foodland and Woodland by Village Agroforestry." In Fostering Transformative Change for Sustainability in the Context of Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS). Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6761-6_3.
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AbstractThis case study shares the results and lessons learned from agroforestry practices to restore a degraded and abandoned landscape, the production of seedlings of native and endemic tree species for forest restoration, and a trial of autochthones species transplantation at the village level in Madagascar. Awareness-raising and facilitation carried out by the NGO team on landscape changes and their effects on local people’s lives, food and natural resources, were the initial drivers of this process. A farmer led the landscape restoration experimentation by taking part of his poor, degraded land that had been long abandoned, and giving the green light to use it as a ‘farmer field school’. The community decided to keep the other side of the field untouched to enable comparison. Community members learned from each other by periodically sharing experiences. Community capacity-building on family accounting, production and harvest management helped community members to make decisions regarding the choice of crops and landscaping types suited to their needs. The community started to see results from the third year and increased the landscaped areas to boost future production. Some native trees like Harina (Bridelia tuleasneana), a highly preferred tree usually harvested from the rainforest for building materials, adapted very well to the village. The villagers learned to plant them rather than harvest them from the natural forest. The commitment, patience and courage of the community, and their immense pride in what they have achieved, created a cascading effect leading to sustainability.
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Takoutsing, B., A. Degrande, Z. Tchoundjeu, E. Asaah, and A. Tsobeng. "Improving the Availability of Quality Planting Materials Through Community-Based Seed and Seedling Systems: The Case of Rural Resource Centres in Cameroon." In Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural Intensification of the Humid Highland Systems of Sub-Saharan Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07662-1_24.
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Maroya, Norbert, Morufat Balogun, Beatrice Aighewi, Djana B. Mignouna, P. Lava Kumar, and Robert Asiedu. "Transforming Yam Seed Systems in West Africa." In Root, Tuber and Banana Food System Innovations. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92022-7_14.
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AbstractThe availability of clean planting materials and functional seed regulatory systems is indispensable for fostering a sustainable seed yam system. The Yam Improvement for Income and Food Security in West Africa (YIIFSWA) project of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) developed the capacity of National Agricultural Research Institutes (NARIs) in their use of standardized Temporary Immersion Bioreactor (TIB) and Vivipak (VP) systems for high-ratio propagation and post-flask handling of yam breeder seed plantlets. Foundation seed was enhanced by supporting five private seed companies in Nigeria and three in Ghana. They were equipped with aeroponic and hydroponic technologies for foundation seed tuber production using single-node vine seedlings. For certified seed, seed yam out-growers were trained in good agronomic practices and entrepreneurship for certified seed tuber production using the adaptive yam minisett technique (AYMT). New certification standards were established for various classes of seed produced using different propagation methods and quality assurance procedures in Ghana and Nigeria. The capacity of the national regulatory organizations in both countries was enhanced to implement seed quality control and certification. Increased public sensitization and advocacy were done to raise awareness among relevant stakeholders to enhance the uptake of the seed propagation technologies and ensure a smooth interaction between the public and private sectors. This chapter summarizes the accomplishments of YIIFSWA in Ghana and Nigeria and the spillover impact on the yam belt of West Africa and beyond. The key lessons could inform the design and implementation of more effective seed projects, especially for vegetatively propagated crops.
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Hou, X., and L. Xue. "Effects of O3 and drought on the leaf gas exchange parameters of three seedling types in China." In Material Science and Environmental Engineering. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19346-179.
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Duan, Jie, and Dilnur Abduwali. "Basic Theory and Methods of Afforestation." In Silviculture. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96164.
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Afforestation is an important practice in silviculture. This chapter outlines the forest site, site preparation, selection of afforestation materials in the process of afforestation. The life cycle of forests is very long, and it is difficult to change them once afforested. Therefore, the forest site must be analyzed in depth before afforestation to maintain the success of afforestation and the healthy growth of forests later. Forest sites are mainly affected by environmental and human activities. To facilitate afforestation, it is necessary to evaluate and classify the forest site factors and achieve a suitable species planted on the right site. Site preparation is also based on site classification. It is usually carried out after determining the type of afforestation land, divided into mechanical land preparation and chemical methods. An essential task of site preparation is to maintain soil moisture and promote seedlings’ survival and growth. Afforestation materials are mainly divided into three categories: seed, seedling, and cutting. The choice of these three types of afforestation materials and methods is related to site conditions, tree species, and age.
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Kozyrskyi, Volodymyr, Vitaliy Savchenko, and Oleksandr Sinyavsky. "Presowing Processing of Seeds in Magnetic Field." In Handbook of Research on Renewable Energy and Electric Resources for Sustainable Rural Development. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3867-7.ch024.
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The reclamation of new areas or distant lands, which have limited energy and material resources, requires the use of energy saving technologies, which include presowing processing of seeds in magnetic field. The aim of this chapter is to reveal the effect that magnetic field has on seeds and to detect the most effective condition to process seeds in magnetic field before sowing and constructive parameters of the equipment. Magnetic field accelerates chemical reactions, which occur in plant cells, salts and fertilizers dissolve better, and the permeability of cell membranes increases, which accelerates the diffusion of molecules and ions. Due to this, the concentration of ions and oxygen molecules in a cell increases and seeds absorb water better. Presowing processing of seeds stimulate 25–40% seedling emergence and 30–35% germination. The most effective condition of presowing processing of seeds in magnetic field is 0.065 Тl magnetic induction with four times magnetic reversal and 0.4 m/s seed velocity. As a result, agricultural crop yield increases approximately by 20–25%.
Conference papers on the topic "Seedling material"
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DUMINS, Karlis, Toms STALS, and Dagnija LAZDINA. "FOREST REGENERATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT BY ASTA SYSTEM." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.178.
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In Latvia one third of the total forest area is regenerated by planting tree seedlings and therefore it is important to choose the appropriate soil preparation method and the right type of regeneration material for each forest type. Usually the success of afforestation is evaluated by how high is the average seedling survival rate and growth parameters like height, annual increment, diameter at breast height while the location of the seedling is disregarded. This may be of great importance since in such stands the environmental conditions typically are not entirely homogenous. Micro topography differences impact seedling growth, because it modifies water regime, temperature, micronutrient availability, sun radiation and other factors. Therefore, aim of this work is to improve monitoring methods and determine the most efficient soil preparation and seedling preparation combination to improve the quality of forest regeneration. That could be done using ASTA documentation system originally developed to show seedling and mound location and density in planting area during mechanic planting. But it also allows to link the precise location of the seedling and growing conditions with its growing rate and survival and therefore it is easier to exclude seedlings that are affected by other factors than those that you are interested in, so you can gain more representative results. This also could be used in forest management. When using ASTA system it is also possible to display how different tree disease are distributed in the stand, if they have spread eventually or localized only in some parts of the stand, also it can be used for browsing and other tree damage monitoring in the stand. In conclusion: in harsh environmental conditions on unprepared forest soil and soil prepared in furrows made by disc trench larger seedlings show better survival rate. Survival of seedlings is significantly impacted by micro topography, whereas mounded micro sites equalize local environmental conditions that reduce impact of micro topography.
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Hao, Yi, Ze-Tian Zhang, Yu-Kui Rui, et al. "Effect of Different Nanoparticles on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Rice." In 2nd Annual International Conference on Advanced Material Engineering (AME 2016). Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ame-16.2016.28.
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Gubanov, A. V., and E. A. Gubanova. "THE SOURCE MATERIAL FOR THE SELECTION OF THE WILD-GROWING SITNIKOV SEEDLING IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-12.
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The article presents the results of the study of the collection of samples of the wild-growing Sitnikov seedling by the main agricultural indicators (leafiness, green mass, hay yield, seed productivity).
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Tyutyunnikova, E. M., M. A. Sanin, and T. V. Plotnikova. "THE EFFECT OF BIOREGULATOR REGOPLANT ON TOBACCO PRODUCTIVITY DURING THE SEEDING AND FIELD PERIODS." In 11-я Всероссийская конференция молодых учёных и специалистов «Актуальные вопросы биологии, селекции, технологии возделывания и переработки сельскохозяйственных культур». V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25230/conf11-2021-249-254.
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We studied the effect of the growth regulator Regoplant on the mass of seedlings, the quality of seedlings and the productivity of tobacco. Soaking tobacco seeds before sowing in a 0.0001 % solution of the preparation at an exposure of 6 hours, and then spraying the plants at the stage of “auricles” and “seedling ready for planting” with a working solution of an agrochemical with a 0.00001 % concentration significantly improved the quality of seedlings. This technique increases the length of tobacco seedlings to the apical point by 66 %, to the end of elongated leaves by 29 %, the mass of stems by 53 %, the mass of roots by 32 %, the diameter of the stem by 38 %. After planting the plants in the field, developed under the influence of the Regoplant stimulator, we noted an increase in productivity by 16 % and an improvement in the quality of raw materials due to an increase in carbohydrates and a decrease in proteins. The economic effect against the background of the application of Regoplant preparation amounted to 106 thousand rubles.
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Dobrokhotov, S. A., and A. I. Anisimov. "Some ways for obtaining healthy potato seed material." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-170.
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Some methods of obtaining a healthy seed material of potatoes (meristem culture, from seedlings of leaf tubers, etc.) are considered. The possibility of obtaining in one season, in conditions of heifers, tubers from seedlings and from them leafy minitubers is shown. The data on the yield of potatoes after different methods of improving the seed material are given.
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Kreis, Kevin F., and Sangjin Ryu. "Automated Mini-Channel Platform for Studying Plant Root Environments." In ASME 2021 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2021-65493.
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Abstract Plants are crucial to our lives because they provide us with building materials, oxygen, and food. A season’s crop yield can be significantly affected by local environmental factors. In particular, improving fundamental understanding of plant root interactions with their local soil environment, or rhizosphere, will help improve crop yield. Studying such interactions is challenging because roots are underground, making it difficult to observe interactions and to manipulate the local soil environment. The goal of this study was to develop an automated mini-channel platform to investigate how plant roots respond to changes in their environment using corn as a model plant. Considering the size of corn seedling roots, mini-channel devices were fabricated in soft lithography using master molds produced with a 3D printer and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Our use of a 3D printer instead of photolithography allowed for a broader range of PDMS mold designs, such as including embedded rubber gaskets built into the mold. Then, corn seedlings were grown inside the transparent mini-channel devices, and they were found to consume an observable amount of nitrate over time. Image processing was employed to measure the contour length of the roots for quantitative characterization of root growth. Then, an automated platform was developed to measure the growth rate of the corn seedling roots and the consumed nitrate over time. The automated platform maintained the level of growth medium in the channel device, and was equipped with a digital camera to image the root growing in the channel, electrochemical sensors to measure changes in nitrate concentration in the channel, and sensors to measure temperature and humidity. Therefore, the platform could automatically measure root growth while simultaneously measuring root environment. The platform’s adaptable design, simple fabrication, and low cost make it simple to replicate and use to study different plants and environmental stimuli.
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Mansor, Mohd Khairulniza, Dayang Habibah A. I. H., and Mazlina Mustafa Kamal. "Evaluation of biodegradable plastics for rubber seedling applications." In ADVANCED MATERIALS AND RADIATION PHYSICS (AMRP-2015): 4th National Conference on Advanced Materials and Radiation Physics. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4928840.
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Guo, Yi, and Jiwei Liu. "A Seedling Tray Conveying Device And Kinematic Analysis." In International Conference on Materials Engineering and Information Technology Applications (MEITA 2015). Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/meita-15.2015.50.
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Cao, Lifang, and Chuangchuang Zhang. "Structure design and Simulation of Plug-seedling gripping device." In International Conference on Mechanics,Materials and Structural Engineering (ICMMSE 2016). Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmmse-16.2016.17.
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Fei, Zhang, and Yan YaMin. "Notice of Removal: Design of the Tobacco Seedling Transplanting Machine." In 2017 5th International Conference on Mechanical, Automotive and Materials Engineering (CMAME). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cmame.2017.8540114.
Full textReports on the topic "Seedling material"
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Israel, Alvaro, and John Merrill. Production of Seed Stocks for Sustainable Tank Cultivation of the Red Edible Seaweed Porphyra. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7696527.bard.
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Porphyra species (commonly known as ‘nori’ or ‘purple laver’) are edible red seaweeds rich in proteins, vitamins and other highly valued biogenic compounds. For years Porphyra has been cultured using seeded nets extended in the open sea, and its biomass consumed primarily in the Far East. While demands for international markets have increased steadily at an average of 20% per year, supplies are on the verge and not expected to meet future demands. Alternatively, land-based cultivation of seaweed has become attractive in the mariculture industry since (1) important growth parameters can be controlled, (2) is environmentally friendly and (3) perfectly matches with integrated aquaculture leading to sustainable, high quality products. During the last few years a tank cultivation technology for Porphyra has been developed at the Israeli institution. This technology is based on indoor production of asexual spores and their subsequent growth to 1-2 mm seedlings. The seedlings are then transferred to outdoor tanks and ponds when seawater temperatures drop to 20 °C, or below, and days become shorter during winter time. However, the current technology efficiently serves only about 100 m2 of ponds during one growth season. In order to produce seedlings in sufficient amounts, it is critical to address both technical and biological aspects of seedling production, securing optimal up-scale to commercial-size cultivation farms. We hypothesize that massive production of spores is related to thalli origin, thalli age and sporulation triggers, and that seedling survival and their subsequent growth potential is determined by the seawater quality and overall indoor growth conditions imposed. A series of bio-reactors were constructed and tested in which spore release and spore growth were separately studied. The main assessment criteria for optimal viability of the seedlings will be by determining their electron transport rate using PAM fluorometry and by subsequent growth and biomass yields in outdoor ponds. Altogether the project showed (1), controlled sporulation is possible in big outdoor/growth chamber settings provided initial stock material (small frozen seedlings) is at hand, (2), contamination problems can be almost completely avoided if stock material is properly handled (clean as possible and partially dehydrated prior to freezing), (3), spore release can significantly be enhance using high nutrient levels during thawing for P. yezoensis and P. haitanensis, but not for P. rosengurttii, (4), PAM fluorometry is an efficient tool to estimate growth capacity in both seedlings and juvenile thalli. The BARD funding also served to explore other aspects of Porphyra biology and cultivation. For example, the taxonomical status of Porphyra strains used in this study was defined (see appendix), and the potential use of this seaweed in bioremediation was well substantiated. In addition, BARD funding supported a number of opportunities and activities in the Israeli lab, direct or indirectly related to the initial objectives of the project such as: additional molecular work in other seaweeds, description of at least 2 new species for the Israeli Mediterranean, and continuous support for the writing of a book on Global Change and applied aspects of seaweeds. The technology for Porphyra cultivation in land-based ponds is readily available. This study corroborated previous know-how of Porphyra growth in tanks and ponds, and yet offers important improvements regarding seedling production and their handling for successful cultivation. This study supported various other activities opening additional important issues in the biology/cultivation/use of Porphyra and other seaweeds.