Dissertations / Theses: 'Seedling quality'

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Stomph, Tjeerd Jan. "Seedling establishment in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.) : the influence of genotype, physiological seed quality, soil temperature and soil water." Thesis, University of Reading, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276632.

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Rosam, Jodie Ray. "Assessment of light quality, variability, and seedling presence in Hawaiian lowland wet forests." Thesis, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1596447.

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Hawaiian lowland wet forest (HLWF) plant species are light-limited, yet no information exists on how the understory light varies in relation to species invasion, or if patterns of seedling regeneration and light are linked. I measured the red-to-far-red ratio (R:FR) of light to assess light quality and quantified diurnal variability in three forest types: native-dominated, partially-invaded, and fully invaded by strawberry guava (Psidium cattleianum). I asked: (1) how does understory light quality vary relative to invasion? (2) Are there differences in light quality moving vertically among forest types? (3) Are patterns of seedling regeneration and understory light related? Native-dominated forests had the greatest light quality (highest R:FR), and Psidium cattleianum-dominated forests had the lowest. While I predicted that native seedlings would prefer high-quality light sites, all seedlings preferred medium quality environments. In invaded HLWF, native seedling regeneration is hindered, and restoration efforts should focus on non-native understory removal.

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Ali, Md Gous. "The effects of low temperature and seed quality on the germination of fifteen rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars from Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369730.

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The responses of 15 rice cultivars to low temperature during germination were studied in order to develop appropriate techniques to identify rice genotypes suitable for direct-wet seeding in the cooler Boro season. Most rice cultivars showed more than 90% final germination over a range of temperatures. When tested at 13.7°C, cultivars differed in their final germination and rate of germination. The rates of germination at higher temperatures were significantly related to the rates of germination at lower temperatures. Thermal times to 50% final germination also differed significantly. Artificial ageing for 48 hours clearly separated the cultivars which had different Ki (initial seed viability). Such measures of physiological age and their relationship with final germination suggested that low quality seed exhibited reduced low temperature germination. Differences in rates and final germination at lower temperature of unaged seed suggested genotypic differences between cultivars. Inconsistency in rates of seed deterioration was seen contrary to conventional theory. Storage of seeds up to 9 weeks in simulated Bangladeshi conditions showed reductions in final germination tested at 11°C but not at 20°C. The rates of chitting and germination were increased by pregermination hydration treatments. Emergence of rice cultivars from soil was greater in constant than in alternating temperatures. Higher final emergence was associated with faster emergence. Thermal time to 50% and 80% emergence differed between cultivars. Many of the seedling growth parameters were higher in constant temperatures where the rate of germination was faster. The outcome of these experiments is to highlight the potential for comparing rates of germination of large numbers of genotypes relatively rapidly at higher temperatures as a measure to predict germination at lower temperatures.

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Howe, Alexander Addison. "Assessment of a Seedling-Based Approach to Aspen Restoration in the Intermountain West." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7062.

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Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) is an important species ecologically and culturally in the western U.S., where it is one of the only broadleaf trees in the mostly conifer-dominated forests. Aspen management in the West has focused on regenerating existing stands vegetatively through root suckering, however this approach is restricted to locations where aspen currently exists and limits the genetic diversity of aspen populations. Planting nursery-grown aspen seedlings offers a potential method for overcoming these limitations, but it has received little attention in the U.S. Intermountain West (IW) to date. In order for this approach to be more broadly implemented, nursery protocols designed to grow high-quality aspen seedlings are needed, along with an understanding of what the major challenges to seedling establishment will be. With the assistance of my committee, my research tested a seedling-based approach to aspen restoration in an IW context in two phases. I first used nursery protocols developed for boreal aspen to grow seedlings collected from IW sources in order to assess whether modification of the protocols would be necessary. I then planted the seedlings I grew at three sites in southwestern Utah and monitored their growth and survival over two years. Results from the nursery phase suggest that protocols will need to be modified in order to produce a more consistent response from IW aspen seedlings. In the field, only 10% of the seedlings survived, though the majority of survival occurred in just two locations where soil moisture remained highest during the driest part of the early summer. These results provide useful information to direct future research and suggest that with a better understanding of appropriate site selection, seedling-based aspen restoration could still become a viable management tool in the IW.

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Chia, Po-Lung. "End-of-day Far-red Light Quality and Dose Effects on Elongation of Tomato Rootstock Seedling Hypocotyls." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193454.

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Methyl bromide fumigation, a common method used to combat soil borne pathogens in commercial tomato cultivation, was to be limited by the Montreal Protocol due to concerns of ozone depletion. Alternative methods to protect tomatoes against diseases include grafting. However, short grafted transplants may expose the scion to the soil. To avoid scion exposure, hypocotyl elongation of two tomato rootstocks 'Maxifort' and 'Aloha' via end-of-day far-red (EOD-FR) was examined in terms of light quality (red to far-red ratio, or R/FR) and dose (product of far-red intensity and duration). In EOD-FR light quality experiments, 'Aloha' seedlings were exposed to unfiltered and filtered incandescent light with an R/FR of 0.5 and 0.05 respectively. The resulting hypocotyl elongation was higher in filtered light than either the unfiltered light or the untreated control. Hypocotyl elongation response to EOD-FR dose in 'Aloha' and 'Maxifort' was affected by both far-red intensity and treatment duration. A saturating response was also found within a far-red dose between 0–8 mmol•m⁻²•d⁻¹ and modeled using non-linear regression with a three parameter Michaelis-Menten equation to estimate the far-red dose required to obtain near-maximum hypocotyl elongation for 'Aloha' and 'Maxifort'. The far-red dose required was affected by cultivar and experimental period. None of the EOD-FR treatments affected plant mass or stem diameter. To conclude, for maximum hypocotyl elongation using EOD-FR, the lower R/FR would increase the effectiveness of the treatment. The far-red dose should preferably be at 4–8 mmol• m⁻²•d⁻¹.

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Parajuli, Suman. "Influence of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Seedling Grafting on Plant Growth, Fruit Yield and Quality, and Disease Tolerance." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31651.

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Influence of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedling grafting on the plant growth, fruit yield and quality, and disease tolerance were investigated using 3 cultivars (Big Beef, Celebrity, Cannonball) as scions and two Solanum species (B-blocking, Maxifort) as a rootstock in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The grafted plants were statistically higher in values for stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll, and fruit carotenoid contents. Similarly, the scion/rootstock combination ‘Big Beef/Maxifort’ and ‘Big Beef/B-blocking’ had prolonged days to maturity and gives a higher yield than the non-grafted ‘Big Beef’. Grafting seedling on ‘Maxifort’ and ‘B-blocking’ rootstocks improves the fruit quality like titratable acidity (TA), fruit firmness, but didn’t alter the pH, total soluble solid (TSS), lycopene and TSS/TA. Also, grafted treatment ‘Big Beef/Maxifort’ was found to be a highly disease resistant treatment when compared to the ‘Big Beef’ control with mean relative effect 0.074.

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Ertle, John Michael. "Effects of Short-term Chilling Stress on Seedling Quality and Post-transplanting Growth of Grafted and Nongrafted Watermelon." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1594742774066127.

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Breen, Amanda Nicole. "Improving seedling establishment on the saline playa at Owens Lake, California through soil amendment, improved seed quality, and increased seed entrapment /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Góes, Glêidson Bezerra de. "Propagação do tamarindeiro (Tamarindus indica L.) e da pitombeira (Talisia esculenta Raldk) por enxertia." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2011. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/97.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T19:15:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GleidsonBG_DISSERT.pdf: 786514 bytes, checksum: 3ae91ac265c5ddc3749833a77978d949 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-04 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Due to the broad market prospects for crops in tamarind and pitombeira, it becomes essential the evaluation of methods that permit the propagation on a commercial scale. Considering this, two experiments were organized in a greenhouse, located in the Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido UFERSA, located in the town of Mossoró, RN, from January 2009 until June 2010, with the objective of determining the best grafting method for the production of seedlings of tamarind and pitombeira. We studied the types of grafting: grafting in top cleft, cleft grafting in the top simple English way , grafting in the top complicated English way , grafting budding side and plate cleft. The design used in the experiments was a randomized complete block with five treatments (grafting types). The experiment with tamarind had seven repetitions; each parcel consisted of 14 seedlings, a total of 98 per treatment, adding 490 in the experiment. Variables were evaluated: percentage of grafting success, shoot length, root length, branch length, number of leaves, number of branches, stem diameter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, Total matter dry. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and compared through the Tukey test at 5% significance using the software SISVAR. The rates of graft takes were submitted to angular transformation of arcsen √ x/100, and data on the number of branches in √ x + 0.5. In order to promote the statistic, treatment of pimple on board was disregarded, considering that this treatment has zero index of plant take. The grafting methods in top cleft, cleft grafting in the English top grafting complicated and simple English way in the top, are respectively the best methods of grafting for the tamarind. The test was conducted with pitombeira with four replications and each plot was composed of twenty seedlings in a total of 400 seedlings on the experiment, in which was observed zero rate of grafting take Devido às amplas perspectivas de mercado para as culturas do tamarindeiro e pitombeira, torna-se indispensável a avaliação de métodos que permitam a propagação em escala comercial. Diante disso, foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos em casa de vegetação, localizada no Campus da Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido UFERSA, situada na cidade de Mossoró-RN, no período de janeiro de 2009 a junho de 2010, com o objetivo de determinar o melhor método de enxertia para a produção de mudas de tamarindeiro e de pitombeira. Foram estudados os tipos de enxertia: garfagem no topo em fenda cheia, garfagem no topo à inglesa simples, garfagem no topo à inglesa complicada, garfagem em fenda lateral e borbulhia em placa. O delineamento utilizado nos experimentos foi o de blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (tipos de enxertia). O experimento com tamarindeiro foi constituído por sete repetições, sendo cada parcela composta por 14 mudas, num total de 98 por tratamento, perfazendo 490 no experimento. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: percentagem de pegamento dos enxertos, comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento do sistema radicular, comprimento de ramos, número de folhas, número de ramos, diâmetro do colo, matéria seca da parte aérea, matéria seca do sistema radicular, matéria seca total. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à analise de variância e comparados através do teste de Tukey ao nível de 5% de significância utilizando o software SISVAR. Os índices de pegamento dos enxertos foram submetidos à transformação angular do arcsen √x/100, e os dados de número de ramos em √x + 0,5. Para fins da realização da estatística, o tratamento de borbulha em placa foi desconsiderado, tendo em vista que este tratamento apresentou índice zero de pegamento. Os métodos garfagem no topo em fenda cheia, garfagem no topo à inglesa complicada e garfagem no topo à inglesa simples são, respectivamente, os melhores métodos de enxertia para o tamarindeiro. O ensaio com pitombeira foi realizado com quatro repetições sendo cada parcela composta por vinte mudas, num total de 400 mudas no experimento, no qual foi verificado índice zero de pegamento dos enxertos

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Lessa, Bruno FranÃa da Trindade. "Germination and growth of seedling of Enterolobium contorsiliquum (Vell.) Morong depending on the weight of seed, location in fruit and conditions of temperature and light." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9430.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico Currently comes increasing the interest with agronomical emphasis by native forest species from Brazil, due its applications in various sectors of the economy. The âtamborilâ (Enterolobium contorsiliquum (Vell.) Morong) is one of these species, presenting importance for the timber, landscape, medical, beekeeping sector, beyond to be indicated for recovery of degraded large areas. The objective of this work was studying the seeds germination and seedlings growth of E. contorsiliquum in function of seeds weight, location on fruit and conditions of temperature and light. Two experiments were conducted: in the first, the seeds were separated according to the weight, in three classes (light, intermediaries and heavy), submitting each class to germination test under absence and presence of light in four different temperatures (20, 30, 40 and 20-30ÂC). This experiment was disposed in triple factorial squeme 3x2x4 (related to three classes, two light regimes and four temperatures) under completely randomized design, with four replications. In the second, the seeds were separated according to their location in the fruit (proximal, central and distal regions) and submitted to germination test under the temperatures of 25 and 20-30ÂC, using factorial squeme 3x2 (three locations and two temperatures) in completely randomized design with four replications. For both experiments were determined the variables: germination first count, final percentage and rate, length and dry weight of shoot, root and total, beyond of accelerated aging only for the second experiment. All data were submitted to normality test and, when they were presented normal was performed variance analysis and the compare means by Tukey test, when no normal only Mann-Whitney test. The germination of âtamborilâ was shown to be insensitive to light with high percentage and rate when using the temperature of 40ÂC, however this temperature detracted the seedlings development. So the temperature more indicated for the settlement of âtamborilâ is 30ÂC. The heavy seeds had always the best results, showing the use of these seeds ensures seedlings production more uniform and with good development. Among the variables assessed the location of the seeds influenced only the germination rate, which was higher for seeds of the distal region of the fruit at 25ÂC. Conclude also the alternating temperature doesnât affect the seeds germination and seedlings growth of âtamborilâ. Atualmente vem crescendo o interesse com cunho agronÃmico pelas espÃcies florestais nativas do Brasil, em virtude de suas aplicaÃÃes em diversos setores da economia. O tamboril (Enterolobium contorsiliquum (Vell.) Morong) Ã uma destas espÃcies, apresentando importÃncia para o setor madeireiro, paisagÃstico, medicinal, melÃfero, alÃm de ser indicada para recomposiÃÃo de Ãreas degradadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a germinaÃÃo de sementes e o crescimento de plÃntulas de tamboril em funÃÃo do peso, localizaÃÃo das sementes no fruto e condiÃÃes de temperatura e luz. Foram realizados dois experimentos: no primeiro, as sementes foram separadas de acordo com o peso, em trÃs classes (leves, mÃdias e pesadas), submetendo-se, cada classe, ao teste de germinaÃÃo sob ausÃncia e presenÃa de luz em quatro diferentes temperaturas (20, 30, 40 e 20-30ÂC). Este experimento foi disposto em esquema fatorial triplo 3x2x4 (referentes a trÃs classes, dois regimes de luz e quatro temperaturas) sob delineamento inteiramente casualisado, com quatro repetiÃÃes. No segundo, as sementes foram separadas de acordo com sua localizaÃÃo no fruto (regiÃes proximal, central e distal) e submetidas ao teste de germinaÃÃo sob as temperaturas de 25 e 20-30ÂC, utilizando-se esquema fatorial 3x2 (trÃs locais e duas temperaturas) em delineamento inteiramente casualisado com quatro repetiÃÃes. Para ambos os experimentos foram determinadas as variÃveis: primeira contagem, porcentagem final e Ãndice de velocidade de germinaÃÃo, comprimento e massa seca da parte aÃrea, raiz e total das plÃntulas, alÃm do envelhecimento acelerado para o segundo experimento. Todos os dados foram submetidos a teste de normalidade e, quando estes apresentaram-se normais realizou-se anÃlise de variÃncia e a comparaÃÃo das mÃdias pelo teste de Tukey, quando nÃo normais apenas teste de Mann-Whitney. A germinaÃÃo de tamboril mostrou-se insensÃvel Ã luz com alta porcentagem e velocidade quando utilizou-se a temperatura de 40ÂC, todavia esta temperatura prejudicou o desenvolvimento das plÃntulas. Assim a temperatura mais indicada para o estabelecimento de tamboril Ã a de 30ÂC. As sementes pesadas obtiveram sempre os melhores resultados, mostrando que a utilizaÃÃo destas sementes garante produÃÃo de mudas mais uniforme e com bom desenvolvimento. Dentre as variÃveis avaliadas, a localizaÃÃo das sementes influenciou apenas a velocidade de germinaÃÃo, a qual foi maior para as sementes da regiÃo distal do fruto a 25ÂC. Conclui-se tambÃm que a alternÃncia de temperatura nÃo afeta a germinaÃÃo e crescimento das plÃntulas de tamboril.

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Paiva, Auricleia Sarmento de. "Disponibilidade hídrica na germinação de sementes e no crescimento de plântulas da leguminosa forrageira Macrotyloma axillare (E. Mey) Verdc. cv. Java /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105113.

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Resumo: Objetivou-se avaliar características fisiológicas da leguminosa forrageira tropical, Macrotyloma axillare cv. Java (macrotiloma) submetida a diferentes potenciais hídricos e determinar a qualidade fisiológica de três lotes de sementes dessa cultivar. Determinou-se a pureza física dos lotes, o peso de mil sementes, o teste padrão de germinação (TPG) e o índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG). Os seguintes testes de vigor foram realizados: primeira contagem do TPG, condutividade elétrica e envelhecimento acelerado. Avaliou-se o efeito da disponibilidade hídrica do substrato sobre a germinação de sementes com o uso de soluções de Polietileno Glicol (PEG 6000) e a germinação e o crescimento inicial das plântulas sob diferentes disponibilidades hídricas no solo (60, 45 e 35% da capacidade de campo). Diferenças no potencial fisiológico inicial de sementes escarificadas puderam ser observadas pelo teste de germinação. Os testes de primeira contagem e IVG não foram sensíveis para detectar diferenças no potencial fisiológico das sementes dos três lotes estudados. O envelhecimento acelerado das sementes escarificadas pode ser realizado a 41º C por um período mínimo de 72 horas ou a 45º C durante 48 horas. O teste de condutividade elétrica mostrou-se adequado para diferenciar os lotes de sementes escarificadas, a partir de 48 horas de embebição. O lote 3 foi classificado como o lote de menor vigor. Houve redução progressiva e significativa da porcentagem de germinação e do IVG quando o potencial hídrico do substrato decresceu de 0,0 até -0,6 MPa e decréscimo na germinação e no IVG quando a disponibilidade hídrica no solo decresceu de 60% para 45 e 35% da capacidade de campo. Todas as características da parte aérea das plântulas foram prejudicadas pela redução da disponibilidade hídrica do solo, notadamente, os parâmetros altura de plântula,... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) Abstract: The objective of this research was to evaluate physiological characteres of the tropical forage legume, Macrotyloma axillare cv. Java (perennial horse gram) submitted to different water potentials and to determine the physiological quality of three seed lots of this cultivar. The physical purity, 1000 seeds weight, standard germination test (SGT) and speed of germination index (SGI) were evaluated. The following vigour tests were performed: first count of SGT; electrical conductivity and accelerated aging. The effect of substratum water availability was studied using polyethylene glicol solutions (PEG 6000) on seed germination and soil with three levels of water contents (60, 45 and 35% of field capacity) on germination and early growth of seedlings. Differences on initial physiological potential of scarified seeds could be observed by the germination test. First count of germination and SGI were not sensible to detect differences in seed physiological potential of these three lots. The accelerated aging of scarified seeds can be performed at 41ºC during at least 72 hours or at 45ºC for 48 hours. The electrical conductivity test was adequate to differentiate lots of scarified seeds after 48 hours of imbibition. The seed lot number three was classified as the lowest vigour lot of perennial horse gram seeds. There was progressive and significant decrease of germination percentage and of SGI when the substratum water potential decreased from zero to -0,6 MPa and reduction of germination percentage and SGI when the soil water availability decreased from 60% to 45 and 35% of field capacity. All seedlings shoot characters were hastened by the decrease of soil water availability, mainly the parameters: seedling height, fresh mass and area of leaves... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below) Orientador: Teresinha de Jesus Deléo Rodrigues Coorientador: Antônio João Cancian Banca: Paola Pedroso Vantini Banca: Ana Regina Pimentel de Almeida Banca: Izabel Cristina Leite Banca: Maria Lidia Stipp Paterniani Doutor

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Holm, Stig-Olov. "Reproductive patterns of birches (Betula spp.) in northern Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, 1994. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96884.

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The aim of this thesis was to study patterns of reproduction of Betula pendula and B. pubescens coll. along an altitudinal, coastal-inland, gradient in northern Sweden. The altitudinal variation was related to the distribution of the birch taxa along the gradient. Six years field data showed a steep decrease of seed germinability of B. pendula towards its altitudinal range limit in the Scandes every year. In contrast, B. pubescens ssp. pubescens showed significant positive correlations between seed germinability and altitude in three of the six years. Furthermore, there was a highly significant positive correlation between seed weight and altitude for B. pubescens coll., but not for B. pendula. Production of viable seeds fluctuated strongly between years in most populations, except in marginal B. pendula populations in the mountain area where it was constantly very low. On average 15 - 41 % of the seeds produced in B. pendula populations above 400 m altitude were attacked by gall midges (Semudobia ssp.). Corresponding values for B. pendula populations below 400 m altitude were 4 - 7 %. In B. pubescens populations, the seeds attacked by Semudobia ssp. never exceeded 3 %. The high frequency of Semudobia attackes in high altitude marginal B. pendula populations was suggested to be due to limited resources for defense against the seed predator. A 3-yr study documented large variations in pollination and seed quality between taxa, high and low altitude populations, and between years. Empty seeds (without embryos) dominated among the sampled seeds in most cases. This proportion was decreased by pollen addition, in both B. pendula and B. pubescens, in mountain populations, but not in coastal populations. The high percentage of empty seeds was therefore suggested to be partly caused by pollen-limitation, but failure of pollen tube penetration - fertilisation, or maternal resource supply could also have had an influence. A laboratory experiment showed increased pollen germination and length of the longest pollen tube per style after increased pollination. The correlations between number and length of pollen tubes per style were however mostly low in natural populations, suggesting low probability of pollen competition in the natural situation. Sowing experiments indicated that differences in initial seedling density between B. pendula and B. pubescens was more affected by interspecific differences in seed quality than by interspecific differences in survival of seedlings after establishment A study of the age structure of a B. pendula stand, planted about 250 m above its natural altitudinal limit, indicated that this birch may reproduce above its recent range limit during temporally warmer periods. It was concluded that the level of accumulated resources in B. pendula in marginal sites in the Scandes would mostly be too low for completion of the reproductive cycle. In contrast, B. pubescens ssp. pubescens is able to accumulate enough rescources for reproduction also at relative high altitudes. Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1994, härtill 5 uppsatser. digitalisering@umu

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Lima, Filho Pedro. "Bioss?lido na restaura??o florestal: forma??o de mudas e aduba??o de plantio." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1357.

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Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-01-06T12:56:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Pedro Lima Filho.pdf: 2041277 bytes, checksum: b01482f603e849269eed9abdd8b8432c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-06T12:56:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Pedro Lima Filho.pdf: 2041277 bytes, checksum: b01482f603e849269eed9abdd8b8432c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-22 Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES One of the main problems found in forestry stands intended for restoration is seedling quality. The goal of this research was to evaluate different tube volumes in seedling production, utilizing biosolid as the substrate, within the following species; Ceiba speciosa, Pseudobombax grandiflorum, Dalbergia nigra and Lafoensia glyptocarpa,. The experiment consisted of the seedling production stage and a development evaluation stage in the field. The treatments utilized were 55, 110, 180 and 280 cm? tubes. The seedling production phase was done under entirely randomized design composed of four replications of the 12 seedlings. The field phase was also done under entirely randomized design due to the seedling formation period, which was in different periods for each species. The 280 cm? tube provided the best seedling quality, regardless of the species, when the biosolid was utilized as substrate. Despite this, for the species Pseudobombax grandiflorum, Dalbergia nigra and Lafoensia glyptocarpa, it is possible to utilize the 180 cm? tubet for seedling formation while maintaining similar quality Um dos principais problemas encontrados na forma??o de povoamentos visando ? restaura??o florestal ? a qualidade das mudas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diferentes volumes de tubetes para a produ??o de mudas de Ceiba speciosa, Pseudobombax grandiflorum, Dalbergia nigra e Lafoensia glyptocarpa, utilizando o bioss?lido como substrato. O experimento constou da fase de produ??o das mudas e da avalia??o do desempenho dessas no campo. Os tratamentos utilizados foram os tubetes de 55, 110, 180 e 280 cm?. A fase de produ??o das mudas foi instalada em delineamento inteiramente casulalizado composto por quatro repeti??es de 12 mudas. A fase de campo tamb?m foi instalada em delineamento inteiramente causualizado. Devido ao tempo de forma??o das mudas, em ?pocas diferentes para cada esp?cie. O tubete de 280 cm? foi o que proporcionou a melhor de qualidade de mudas, independente da esp?cie, quando se utilizou o bioss?lido como substrato. Todavia, para as esp?cies Pseudobombax grandiflorum, Dalbergia nigra e Lafoensia glyptocarpa pode-se utilizar o tubete de 180 cm? para a forma??o das mudas, mantendo qualidade similar

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Leal, Cintia Müller. "Superação de dormência e produção de mudas de Anacauíta (Schinus molle L.)." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2015. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br:8080/handle/prefix/3299.

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Submitted by Maria Beatriz Vieira (mbeatriz.vieira@gmail.com) on 2017-04-04T13:22:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) dissertacao_cintia_muller_leal.pdf: 2650724 bytes, checksum: 0735a2bb9f056999c0b6a14b82b893b4 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-04-07T18:52:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_cintia_muller_leal.pdf: 2650724 bytes, checksum: 0735a2bb9f056999c0b6a14b82b893b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-04-07T18:59:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_cintia_muller_leal.pdf: 2650724 bytes, checksum: 0735a2bb9f056999c0b6a14b82b893b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-07T18:59:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_cintia_muller_leal.pdf: 2650724 bytes, checksum: 0735a2bb9f056999c0b6a14b82b893b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-07 Sem bolsa Anacauíta (Schinus molle L.) é uma espécie arbórea de ocorrência nativa no Rio Grande do Sul, pioneira de pequeno porte, com importância ecológica, bioquímica e farmacológica, contudo suas sementes apresentam dormência, fato que dificulta a produção de mudas em escala comercial. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar métodos de superação de dormência das sementes de S. molle de um lote com 15 meses de armazenamento em câmara fria seca e germinação inicial de 5% quando submetidas a tratamento para superação de dormência com ácido sulfúrico por 160 minutos, utilizando diferentes tempos de escarificação mecânica (150, 300, 450 e 600 segundos) em escarificador elétrico equipado com lixa grão 80. O tratamento de 150 segundos de escarificação mecânica proporcionou maior percentual de germinação (61%), menor número de sementes mortas e plântulas anormais, maior massa seca e comprimento de plântulas aos sete dias, maior embebição e maior índice de velocidade de emergência (2,28). Para a produção de mudas desta espécie foram testados dois volumes de tubetes (100 e 175 mL) e quatro níveis de adubação com fertilizante de liberação controlada (FLC) Osmocote Plus, em um experimento fatorial 2 x 4. Os níveis de adubação com FLC foram zero, quatro, oito e doze gramas por litro de substrato. Os resultados quanto aos parâmetros de crescimento e qualidade de mudas, onde foram avaliados altura, diâmetro do coleto, número de folhas, relação altura/diâmetro do coleto, massa seca da raiz, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca total, relação massa seca da parte aérea e massa seca da raiz, volume de raiz, índice de qualidade de Dickson, índice de clorofila, teor de clorofila a, clorofila b e carotenoides ao longo de 120 dias após a emergência das plântulas, revelou que o tubete de 175 mL e a dosagem de oito gramas de FLC por litro de substrato foi superior aos demais tratamentos por produzir mudas de anacauíta de alta qualidade. Anacauita (Schinus molle L.) is arborea, native species in a Rio Grande do Sul small pioneer with ecological, biochemical and pharmacological importance, but its seeds present dormancy , a fact that hinders the production of seedlings on a commercial scale. This study aimed at evaluating methods of overcoming seed dormancy of S. molle of a batch of 15 months of storage in dry cold chamber and 5% germination when undergoing treatment to overcome dormancy with sulfuric acid for 160 minutes, using different times mechanical scarification (150, 300, 450 and 600 seconds) in electric scarifier equipped with 80 grit sandpaper. Treatment of 150 seconds of mechanical scarification showed higher germination percentage (61%), fewer dead seeds and abnormal seedlings, imbibition largest and most emergency velocity index (2.28). For the production of seedlings of this species were tested two volumes of tubes (100 and 175 mL) and four levels of fertilizer controlled release fertilizer (CRF) Osmocote Plus in 2 x 4 factorial experiment. Nutrient levels were CRF zero, four, eight and twelve grams per liter of substrate. The results regarding the growth parameters and quality seedlings, which were assessed height, stem diameter, number of leaves, height / stem diameter, root dry mass, dry mass of shoots, total dry matter, dry weight ratio of shoot and root dry mass, root volume, Dickson quality index, chlorophyll index, chlorophyll content a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids over 120 days after seedling emergence, revealed that the plastic tube 175 ml and the dose of CRF eight grams per liter substrate was superior to the other treatments for producing seedlings of high quality anacauita.

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Paiva, Auricleia Sarmento de [UNESP]. "Disponibilidade hídrica na germinação de sementes e no crescimento de plântulas da leguminosa forrageira Macrotyloma axillare (E. Mey) Verdc. cv. Java." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105113.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-07-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:04:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 paiva_as_dr_jabo.pdf: 412706 bytes, checksum: a3044c478c4a39b6825b47ace1e1b633 (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Objetivou-se avaliar características fisiológicas da leguminosa forrageira tropical, Macrotyloma axillare cv. Java (macrotiloma) submetida a diferentes potenciais hídricos e determinar a qualidade fisiológica de três lotes de sementes dessa cultivar. Determinou-se a pureza física dos lotes, o peso de mil sementes, o teste padrão de germinação (TPG) e o índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG). Os seguintes testes de vigor foram realizados: primeira contagem do TPG, condutividade elétrica e envelhecimento acelerado. Avaliou-se o efeito da disponibilidade hídrica do substrato sobre a germinação de sementes com o uso de soluções de Polietileno Glicol (PEG 6000) e a germinação e o crescimento inicial das plântulas sob diferentes disponibilidades hídricas no solo (60, 45 e 35% da capacidade de campo). Diferenças no potencial fisiológico inicial de sementes escarificadas puderam ser observadas pelo teste de germinação. Os testes de primeira contagem e IVG não foram sensíveis para detectar diferenças no potencial fisiológico das sementes dos três lotes estudados. O envelhecimento acelerado das sementes escarificadas pode ser realizado a 41º C por um período mínimo de 72 horas ou a 45º C durante 48 horas. O teste de condutividade elétrica mostrou-se adequado para diferenciar os lotes de sementes escarificadas, a partir de 48 horas de embebição. O lote 3 foi classificado como o lote de menor vigor. Houve redução progressiva e significativa da porcentagem de germinação e do IVG quando o potencial hídrico do substrato decresceu de 0,0 até -0,6 MPa e decréscimo na germinação e no IVG quando a disponibilidade hídrica no solo decresceu de 60% para 45 e 35% da capacidade de campo. Todas as características da parte aérea das plântulas foram prejudicadas pela redução da disponibilidade hídrica do solo, notadamente, os parâmetros altura de plântula,... The objective of this research was to evaluate physiological characteres of the tropical forage legume, Macrotyloma axillare cv. Java (perennial horse gram) submitted to different water potentials and to determine the physiological quality of three seed lots of this cultivar. The physical purity, 1000 seeds weight, standard germination test (SGT) and speed of germination index (SGI) were evaluated. The following vigour tests were performed: first count of SGT; electrical conductivity and accelerated aging. The effect of substratum water availability was studied using polyethylene glicol solutions (PEG 6000) on seed germination and soil with three levels of water contents (60, 45 and 35% of field capacity) on germination and early growth of seedlings. Differences on initial physiological potential of scarified seeds could be observed by the germination test. First count of germination and SGI were not sensible to detect differences in seed physiological potential of these three lots. The accelerated aging of scarified seeds can be performed at 41ºC during at least 72 hours or at 45ºC for 48 hours. The electrical conductivity test was adequate to differentiate lots of scarified seeds after 48 hours of imbibition. The seed lot number three was classified as the lowest vigour lot of perennial horse gram seeds. There was progressive and significant decrease of germination percentage and of SGI when the substratum water potential decreased from zero to -0,6 MPa and reduction of germination percentage and SGI when the soil water availability decreased from 60% to 45 and 35% of field capacity. All seedlings shoot characters were hastened by the decrease of soil water availability, mainly the parameters: seedling height, fresh mass and area of leaves... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

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Azevedo, José Maria Gonçalves de. "Produção de mudas de cafeeiros sob efeitos de lâminas de irrigação, hidrorretentor e recipientes." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6566.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:37:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Maria Goncalves Azevedo.pdf: 1327445 bytes, checksum: 9cca5bff22a60f999a277f89c8163df6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-31 A qualidade da muda de café é de fundamental importância no sucesso de uma lavoura. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a qualidade de mudas de Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner, variedade Robusta Tropical (EMCAPER 8151 Robusta Tropical) e Coffea arabica L., cultivar Catuaí Vermelho (IAC 81) produzidas sob diferentes lâminas de irrigação, com e sem hidrorretentor em sacolas e tubetes. Os experimentos foram conduzidos no viveiro do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado do Espírito Santo, Campus de Alegre, e montados em esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas 4 x 2 x 2, sendo nas parcelas lâminas de irrigação em quatro níveis (25; 40; 55 e 70% da ET0), nas subparcelas recipientes em dois níveis (tubete e sacola) e nas subsubparcelas hidrorretentor, em dois níveis (com e sem hidrorretentor), num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Aos 140 dias de idade, foram avaliados: altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, área foliar, massa da parte aérea e raiz seca, relação da altura/diâmetro do caule, relação da parte aérea/raiz e índice de qualidade de Dickson. As mudas de C. canephora e de C. arabica, produzidas em sacolas, apresentaram desenvolvimento superior às mudas produzidas em tubetes. A lâmina de 40% da ET0 é a indicada para as mudas de C. canephora e de C. arabica produzidas em sacolas e para as mudas produzidas em tubetes, a lâmina de 70% da ET0 foi a que proporcionou o melhor desenvolvimento das mudas. O hidrorretentor promoveu o melhor desenvolvimento das mudas de C. canephora produzidas em sacolas, ao contrário das mudas de C. canephora produzidas em tubetes, que se desenvolveram melhor sem hidrorretentor. O hidrorretentor não exerceu influência na qualidade mudas C. arabica The coffee seedling quality is of fundamental importance in the success of a crop field. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the quality of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner seedling, variety Robusta Tropical (EMCAPER 8151 Robusta Tropical) and Coffea arabica L., cultivate Catuaí Vermelho (IAC 81) grown under different irrigation levels, with and without hydroretentive in bags and tubes. The experiments were conducted in the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology s nursery in the state of Espírito Santo, Alegre‟s Campus in a split-plot design 4 x 2 x 2, plots of irrigation level of four depths (25; 40; 55 e 70% of ET0), in the subplots recipients in two levels (tube and bag) and in the split split plots in two levels (with and without hydroretentive), in a completely randomize design with four replications. At one hundred and forty days of age, was evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, shoot and root dry matter, ratio of height/stem diameter, ratio of matter/root and the Dickson‟s quality index. The C. canephora and C. arabica seedlings grown in bags showed higher development to the seedlings grown in tubes. For the C. canephora and C. arabica seedlings grown in bags in the depth 40% of ET0 is the best and the tubes grown in the depth 70% of ET0 was the one that provided the best development of the seedling. The hydroretentive promoted the best development of the C. canephora seedlings produce in bags, unlike the C. canephora seedlings produce in tubes, which grew better in the absence of the hydroretentive. The hydroretentive had no influence on the quality of C. arabica seedlings

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Navroski, Marcio Carlos. "HIDROGEL COMO CONDICIONADOR DE SUBSTRATO PARA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3766.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior The use of polymers hidroretentores mixed to the substrate, has the function of water retention and release in a gradual way to the plant, and may increase the efficiency of irrigation, reducing the consumption of water and fertilizers. The objective of this research was to evaluate the feasibility of using the hydrogel substrate added to the sowing of seedlings, verifying the chemical and physical properties on the substrate and the reflection on the growth of seedlings. The work was divided into six chapters, in Chapter I tested different dosages of polymer substrates and vegetable. The chemical and physical analysis of substrates and growth of seedlings demonstrate the improvement of the properties of the substrates, especially those related to water retention, and reflection on the growth of seedlings in the nursery. The use of 4 g L-1 of the hydrogel showed overall the best seedling development. In Chapter II we evaluated the relationship of the hydrogel with doses of controlled-release fertilizer. The use of the hydrogel showed improved physical and chemical characteristics of substrates, especially attributes involving storage and delivery of water to plant. The use of polymer hidroretentor in seedlings of Eucalyptus dunnii can reduce the use of fertilizer in 25 - 50% on average, with no loss in quality seedlings. The Chapter III was on the evaluation of the strengths-based polymer polyacrylamide seedling growth and the characteristics of the substrate, in addition to nutritional analysis after cultivation of seedlings in the nursery. The dosage around 4.5 g L-1 brings the best answer regarding morphological. The use of doses below 3 g L-1 or above 4.5 g L-1 could negatively influence the majority of the observed features. All the nutrients had a higher nutritional content in shoots in the presence of the hydrogel, as compared to micronutrients, there was a decrease in the content of all elements with increasing polymer dosage. Check the effect of the hydrogel in different irrigation was the goal in Chapter IV. In the absence of the hydrogel, the further development of seedlings was obtained with irrigation between 16 to 20 mm day -1. In the presence of 3 g L-1 hydrogel further development of seedlings was obtained with the irrigation of 12 mm day -1. In Chapter V we tested the effect of hydrogel in planting seedlings in pots, relating to irrigation frequencies. The polymer hidroretentor possible delay of all symptoms of water deficit assessed with higher influence when irrigation is performed less frequently. The economic evaluation of the costs with the use of hydrogel was discussed in Chapter VI. The use of lower doses, together with savings from the reduction of fertilization and especially with the water, the use of the hydrogel may represent reduction of production costs. In general, the results obtained with regard to the use of polymers hidroretentor confirm the information which hydrogel addition of the substrate optimizes the availability of water by accelerating the development of plants therefore better performance in absorbing water and nutrients. A utilização de polímeros hidroretentores, misturados ao substrato, tem a função de retenção de água e a sua liberação de maneira gradativa para a planta, podendo aumentar a eficácia da irrigação, reduzindo o consumo de água e o uso de fertilizantes. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi avaliar a viabilidade do uso do hidrogel adicionado ao substrato na semeadura das mudas, verificando-se as propriedades químicas e físicas no substrato e o efeito no crescimento das mudas. O trabalho foi dividido em seis capítulos, no Cap. I foram testados diferentes substratos e dosagens do polímero vegetal. A análise química e física dos substratos e o crescimento das mudas demonstram a melhoria das propriedades dos substratos, principalmente as relacionadas à retenção de água, tendo reflexo no crescimento das mudas no viveiro. O uso de 4 g L-1 do hidrogel apresentou o melhor desenvolvimento das mudas de Eucalyptus dunnii. No Cap. II foi avaliada a relação do hidrogel com doses de adubação de liberação controlada. O uso do hidrogel apresentou melhoria das características químicas e físicas dos substratos, principalmente aos atributos que envolvem armazenamento e disponibilização de água à planta. O uso do polímero hidroretentor na produção de mudas de Eucalyptus dunnii pode reduzir o uso de adubação em 25 - 50%, em média, não havendo prejuízo na qualidade das mudas. O Cap. III foi relativo à avaliação das dosagens do polímero a base de poliacrilamida no crescimento das mudas e nas características do substrato, além da análise nutricional das mudas após o cultivo no viveiro. A dose em torno de 4,5 g L-1 ocasionou a melhor resposta quanto às características morfológicas. O uso de dosagens abaixo de 3 g L-1 ou acima de 4,5 g L-1 influenciaram negativamente na maioria das características observadas. Quanto ao teor nutricional houve maior concentração de macronutrientes na parte aérea na presença do hidrogel, já em relação aos micronutrientes, houve decréscimo no teor de todos os elementos com o aumento da dose do polímero. Verificar o efeito do hidrogel em diferentes lâminas de irrigação foi o objetivo no Cap. IV. Na ausência do hidrogel, o maior desenvolvimento das mudas foi obtido com as lâminas de irrigação entre 16 a 20 mm dia -1. Na presença de 3 g L-1 de hidrogel o maior desenvolvimento das mudas foi obtido com a irrigação de 12 mm dia -1. No Cap. V testou-se o efeito do hidrogel no plantio das mudas em vasos, relacionando com frequências de irrigação. O polímero hidroretentor possibilitou o retardamento de todos os sintomas de déficit hídrico avaliados apresentando maior influência quando a irrigação é efetuada em menor frequência. A avaliação econômica do uso do hidrogel foi abordado no Cap. VI. O uso de menores doses, aliado a economia obtida com a redução da adubação e principalmente com o consumo de água, o uso do hidrogel pode representar redução dos custos de produção. Em geral, os resultados obtidos com relação ao uso de polímeros hidrorretentores ratificam a informação que a adição de hidrogéis no substrato otimiza a disponibilidade de água, acelerando o desenvolvimento das plantas, em consequência de uma melhor performance na absorção de água e nutrientes.

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Volkweis, Cátia Raquel. "Estímulo mecânico na morfometria em mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2012. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1434.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:37:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_Catia_Raquel_Volkweis.pdf: 1311113 bytes, checksum: 5546893dffae3b1e21194697573bd0ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-14 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior This study aimed to quantify the effects induced by mechanical stimuli on the quality of seedlings Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. Treatments include five intensities of mechanical stimulation (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 pushups) made daily for thirty days. The mechanical stimuli were initiated on December 20, 2011. Made by one-way passage of a structure composed by a bar PVC pipe arranged horizontally and secured on a metal frame with bearings. At the end of the imposition of the treatments evaluated the quality of the changes through increases in shoot height (H) and stem diameter (C) and quantified to root dry mass (RDM) , leaf (MSF) and (MSPA), and calculated the absolute growth rate (AGR), leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area ratio (LAR), weight of sheet (RPF) and proceeded to determine the loss of electrolytes from roots (PER). All measurements were performed in four replicates of five seedlings per treatment. At this stage, the test was conducted according to a completely randomized design with four replications. On January 20, 2012, after the end of treatments, some of the seedlings of treatment and control of seedlings to 20 pushups daily were transplanted to pots with a capacity of 5 liters filled with sand grain size of 2 mm and kept in en- vegetation for 39 days under water restriction. At this stage, we adopted the design of randomized blocks in a factorial arrangement (2 x 14) composed of two intensities of mechanical stimuli and thirteen evaluations on time with four replicates of five seedlings. Data were subjected to analysis of variance with the help SISVAR 5.0 statistical software (FERREIRA, 2007) and subsequently analyzed by linear regression at 5% probability. Seedlings monkfish-the-woods submitted to mechanical stimuli for 30 days during hardening subjected to 20 mechanical stimuli voiced daily values of morphometric variables and test the loss of electrolytes indicative of a higher quality changes over seedlings not mechanically stressed But without greater resistance to drought after planting O presente trabalho objetivou quantificar os efeitos induzidos por estímulos mecânicos sobre a qualidade de mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. Os tratamentos compreenderam cinco intensidades de estímulo mecânico (0, 5, 10, 20 e 40 flexões) efetuados diariamente durante trinta dias. Os estímulos mecânicos foram iniciados em 20 de dezembro de 2011. Efetuados por meio da passagem em sentido único de uma estrutura composta por uma barra de cano de PVC, disposta horizontalmente e fixada em uma estrutura metálica com rolamentos. Ao final do período de imposição dos tratamentos avaliou-se a qualidade da muda por meio dos incrementos na altura da parte aérea (H) e no do diâmetro do coleto (C), assim como quantificou-se a massa seca da raiz (MSR), da folha (MSF) e da parte aérea (MSPA), e calculou-se a taxa de crescimento absoluto (TCA), área foliar (AF), área foliar específica (AFE), razão área foliar (RAF), razão peso de folha (RPF) e procedeu-se a determinação da perda de eletrólitos de raízes (PER). Todas as quantificações foram executadas de quatro repetições de 5 mudas por tratamento. Nesta fase, o ensaio foi conduzido de acordo com um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Em 20 de janeiro de 2012, após o término dos tratamentos, parte das mudas do tratamento controle e das mudas submetidas a 20 flexões diárias foram transplantadas para vasos com capacidade de 5 litros preenchidos com areia de granulometria 2 mm e mantidos em casa-de-vegetação por 39 dias sob restrição hídrica. Nesta fase, adotou-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso em arranjo fatorial (2 x 14) composto por duas intensidades de estímulos mecânicos e treze avaliações no tempo com quatro repetições de cinco mudas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância com o auxilio software estatístico SISVAR 5.0 (FERREIRA, 2007) e posteriormente, submetidos à análise de regressão linear a 5% de probabilidade. Mudas de tamboril-da-mata submetidas à estímulos mecânicos por 30 dias na fase de rustificação submetidas a 20 estímulos mecânicos diários externaram valores das variáveis morfométricas e do teste da perda de eletrólitos indicativos de uma maior qualidade da muda em relação a mudas não estressadas mecanicamente, porém, sem maior resistência ao déficit hídrico pós plantio

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Ribeiro, Reginaldo Nunes [UNESP]. "Comparação dos sistemas de fertirrigação e hidroponia na produção de mudas de Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99791.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-08-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:40:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_rn_me_botfca.pdf: 314680 bytes, checksum: 0739977bf488f39e0145d473cbeaf72f (MD5) O presente estudo teve por objetivo comparar os sistema hidropônico e o de fertirrigação no desenvolvimento de mudas da espécie florestal nativa jequitibábranco (Cariniana estrellensis). O experimento foi conduzido no Viveiro da Fazenda Experimental Cantareira, pertencente à Faculdade Integral Cantareira (FIC), no município de Mairiporã – SP - setor de Pesquisa Florestal. Foi estudado o desenvolvimento da Cariniana estrellensis sob dois sistemas de produção: fertirrigação e hidropônico. Os sistemas tiveram quatro parcelas com 25 plantas cada, totalizando 100 plantas por sistema. Para avaliação morfológica não destrutiva realizada a cada 14 dias, considerou-se a altura da planta e o diâmetro do colo das 100 plantas de cada sistema, totalizando 200 plantas e, ao término do experimento, para avaliação morfológica destrutiva, foram consideradas como plantas úteis as 9 centrais, totalizando 36 plantas úteis de cada sistema. A qualidade das mudas produzidas no sistema hidropônico foi superior àquelas do sistema de fertirrigação para os seguintes parâmetros e relações: diâmetro do coleto (D), altura da parte aérea (H), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), massa seca total (MST), área foliar (AF), relação altura e diâmetro (H/D), altura e massa seca da parte aérea (H/MSPA), massa seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular (MSPA/MSR), e o Índice de Qualidade Dickman (IQD). Em função dos resultados obtidos, pode-se inferir que para Cariniana estrellensis o sistema hidropônico proporcionou melhor desenvolvimento, reduzindo o período de produção das mudas This study aimed to compare hydroponics and fertigation systems on seedlings production of native species (jequitibá-branco, Cariniana estrellensis). The experiment was conducted at Cantareira Experimental Farm Nursery, owned by Integral Cantareira College (FIC) at the Forestry Research Sector of Mairiporã, SP. We studied the development of jequitibá branco under two production systems: drip irrigation and hydroponics. The systems presented four plots with 25 plants each, totaling 100 plants per system. It was considered for the non-destructive morphological evaluation the plant height and stem diameter of 100 plants per system, totaling 200 plants. This procedure was conducted every 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the morphological destructive assessment was performed on the central 9 plants, with a total of 36 useful plants per system. The quality of seedlings produced in the hydroponic system was superior to the fertigation system for the following parameters and relations: the collar diameter (D), shoot height (H), shoot dry mass (MSPA), total dry mass (MST), leaf area (LA), height and diameter ratio (H/D), dry mass of shoot and root system (MSPA/MSR), and Dickman Quality Index (IQD). Based on the results, we can infer that the hydroponic system enhanced Cariniana estrellensis, growth reducing the period of seedlings production

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Ribeiro, Reginaldo Nunes 1969. "Comparação dos sistemas de fertirrigação e hidroponia na produção de mudas de Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99791.

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Orientador: Iraê Amaral Guerrini Coorientador: Agnaldo Scarassati Banca: Clarice Backes Banca: Edivaldo Casarini Resumo: O presente estudo teve por objetivo comparar os sistema hidropônico e o de fertirrigação no desenvolvimento de mudas da espécie florestal nativa jequitibábranco (Cariniana estrellensis). O experimento foi conduzido no Viveiro da Fazenda Experimental Cantareira, pertencente à Faculdade Integral Cantareira (FIC), no município de Mairiporã - SP - setor de Pesquisa Florestal. Foi estudado o desenvolvimento da Cariniana estrellensis sob dois sistemas de produção: fertirrigação e hidropônico. Os sistemas tiveram quatro parcelas com 25 plantas cada, totalizando 100 plantas por sistema. Para avaliação morfológica não destrutiva realizada a cada 14 dias, considerou-se a altura da planta e o diâmetro do colo das 100 plantas de cada sistema, totalizando 200 plantas e, ao término do experimento, para avaliação morfológica destrutiva, foram consideradas como plantas úteis as 9 centrais, totalizando 36 plantas úteis de cada sistema. A qualidade das mudas produzidas no sistema hidropônico foi superior àquelas do sistema de fertirrigação para os seguintes parâmetros e relações: diâmetro do coleto (D), altura da parte aérea (H), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), massa seca total (MST), área foliar (AF), relação altura e diâmetro (H/D), altura e massa seca da parte aérea (H/MSPA), massa seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular (MSPA/MSR), e o Índice de Qualidade Dickman (IQD). Em função dos resultados obtidos, pode-se inferir que para Cariniana estrellensis o sistema hidropônico proporcionou melhor desenvolvimento, reduzindo o período de produção das mudas Abstract: This study aimed to compare hydroponics and fertigation systems on seedlings production of native species (jequitibá-branco, Cariniana estrellensis). The experiment was conducted at Cantareira Experimental Farm Nursery, owned by Integral Cantareira College (FIC) at the Forestry Research Sector of Mairiporã, SP. We studied the development of jequitibá branco under two production systems: drip irrigation and hydroponics. The systems presented four plots with 25 plants each, totaling 100 plants per system. It was considered for the non-destructive morphological evaluation the plant height and stem diameter of 100 plants per system, totaling 200 plants. This procedure was conducted every 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the morphological destructive assessment was performed on the central 9 plants, with a total of 36 useful plants per system. The quality of seedlings produced in the hydroponic system was superior to the fertigation system for the following parameters and relations: the collar diameter (D), shoot height (H), shoot dry mass (MSPA), total dry mass (MST), leaf area (LA), height and diameter ratio (H/D), dry mass of shoot and root system (MSPA/MSR), and Dickman Quality Index (IQD). Based on the results, we can infer that the hydroponic system enhanced Cariniana estrellensis, growth reducing the period of seedlings production Mestre

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Correia, António Henrique Costa Gomes Soares. "Designing Eucalyptus globulus Labill. seedlings morphology using nitrogen fertilization during nursery production." Master's thesis, ISA, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15195.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Florestal e dos Recursos Naturais - Instituto Superior de Agronomia A Eucalyptus globulus Lab. Situa-se como a terceira espécie mais importante ao nível da área florestal Nacional, de extrema importância na indústria florestal, utilizada como material base na produção de pasta de papel (CELPA, 2009). Neste trabalho produziram-se plantas de Eucaliptus globulus, utilizando quatro níveis de fertilização, em condições semelhantes às utilizadas em viveiros comerciais com o objectivo de (1) modelar o crescimento (dimensões das plantas e periodo de produção), tendo em conta os limites legais morfológicos impostos por decreto lei (Decreto-Lei) e (2) desenvolver indicadores de qualidade das plantas de forma a estimar a sua performance no campo. Os resultados demonstram que existiu correlação entre crescimento de raízes finas e a performance no campo. A correlação observada entre conteúdo de clorofila e o conteúdo em azoto das plantas permite optimizar a produção, pela avaliação das necessidades em azoto que as plantas apresentem. A fertilização azotada revelou um grande impacto no crescimento potencial das raízes. O fornecimento de 40 mg de N (nível de fertilização N40) produz plantas com maior capacidade de sobrevivênvia e performance, aplicado a partir dos 2 meses de produção--------------------------------ABSTRACT - Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus Labill) is the third most important specie in the Portuguese forest cover, highly relevant in the forestry industry, and raw material used for pulp and paper production (CELPA, 2009). Growth of this short rotation species in the field is dependent on the initial growth in the nursery. In this experiment, seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus Labill were grown with four levels of Nitrogen (N) fertilization, under growth conditions similar to those used in nursery commercial production, with the objectives of (1) modelling growth (planting stock size and production period), taking into account the legal regulation limits imposed by law (Decreto-Lei) and (2) to develop indicators of seedlings quality to estimate their performance in the field. Results showed high correlation between fine roots growth and field performance. The correlation between chlorophyll content and N seedling content observed allows to optimize seedling production, through the assessment of N needs of seedlings. N nutrition reveals high impact on root growth potential. 40 mg of total supplied N (N40 nutrition level) produces good quality seedlings, applied since 2 month seedlings N/A

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Hernández, Ricardo. "Growth and Development of Greenhouse Vegetable Seedlings Under Supplemental LED Lighting." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/306916.

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The greenhouse industry is interested in light emitting diodes (LEDs) as a light source supplement to solar light to improve plant growth and development. Before LEDs can be adopted as supplemental light for greenhouse crops, plant responses to LED spectral quality need to be investigated. Tomato and cucumber seedlings were grown under different supplemental blue and red photon flux ratios (B:R ratios) under high (16-19 mol m⁻² d⁻¹) and low (5-9 mol m⁻² d⁻¹) solar daily light integrals (DLIs). The supplemental daily light integral was 3.6 mol m⁻² d⁻¹. A treatment without supplemental light served as a control. Both tomato and cucumber seedlings had increased growth rate and improved morphology when grown under the supplemental LED light compared to the control. However, no significant differences were observed for any growth and morphological parameters measured in this study between the different B:R ratios for both cucumber and tomato transplants under high DLI conditions. Cucumber seedlings showed a tendency to decrease dry mass, leaf number and leaf area under low DLI conditions with increasing B:R ratio. Tomato seedlings did not show any differences between the different B:R ratios under low DLI conditions. Seedlings growth and morphology under supplemental LED light were compared to those under supplemental high pressure sodium (HPS) light. Cucumber seedlings under supplemental HPS light had greater shoot dry mass than those under the supplemental red LED light. Tomato shoot dry mass showed no differences between the HPS and red LED supplemental light treatments. Cucumber seedlings were also grown under supplemental LED pulsed lighting and supplemental LED continuous lighting. Cucumber seedlings showed no differences in shoot dry mass and net photosynthetic rate between the treatments. Collectively, these studies concluded that red LED is preferred for supplemental lighting and the increase of blue light does not offer any benefits unless the efficiency of blue LEDs largely exceeds the red LEDs. The results of this research can be used for fixture development by LED manufactures and as a decision making tool for the adoption of supplemental LED lighting by greenhouse growers.

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Zida, Didier. "Impact of forest management regimes on ligneous regeneration in the Sudanian savanna of Burkina Faso /." Umeå : Dept. of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200766.pdf.

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Heberle, Karina. "Aplicação de ácido jasmônico na rustificação em mudas de ipê roxo e guajuvira." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1312.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:37:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Karina_Heberle.pdf: 852717 bytes, checksum: 38d66278615e8631603b7471461bf5c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-08 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Lignin is an indispensable biomolecule for many biological processes of plants. It is one of the most important is to contribute to stem verticality and to ensure the transport of water and minerals. Thus, the search for modulatory ways of lignin biosynthesis is important especially with the application of growth regulators. This research was conducted with Handroanthus impetiginosus seedlings and American patagonula subjected to concentrations of acid jasmonic (0,5 μmol L-1, 1 μmol L-1 e 1,5 μmol L-1). The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design in the nursery and in a randomized block in the field, with four treatments and five replications. The quantification of lignin was performed by the Van Soest method. In the field, measurements included seedling height, diameter, and number of leaves to evaluate seedling quality. In addition, I calculated the ratio of height to stem diameter, the ratio of above ground dry biomass to weight of the dry roots and Dickson quality index (DQI). Data analysis and graphs from the analysis of variance were performed with Statistics, considering a confidence level of 5%. After the imposition of treatments seedlings of H. impetiginosus externalized the smallest increment in height and the ratio between height and diameter for the three doses of AJ, compared to the control. There was an increase in the Dickson quality index, in lignin concentration in the above ground tissues and root in seedlings that received 1 μmol L-1 and 1,5 μmol L-1. For P. americana seedlings, the doses of 1 μmol L-1 and 1,5 μmol L-1 resulted in increased growth of stem diameter. There was a reduction of the ratio of height to diameter for all tested AJ concentrations. DQI and lignin percentage of the above ground tissues increased as a result of application of 1 μmol L-1 de AJ. In the field, the percentage of seedling survival of H. impetiginosus and P. americana was 100% 90 days after planting. H. impetiginosus seedlings showed increased stem diameter with application of 1,5 μmol L-1. P. americana seedlings resulted in small values for H/D as a result of application of 1 μmol L-1 and 1,5 μmol L-1 of AJ. The results indicated that jasmonic acid may be an effective way of promoting seedling rustification in order to improve the initial seedling performance of H. impetiginosus and P. americana seedlings after planting A lignina é uma biomolécula indispensável a diversos processos biológicos das plantas, dentre eles o mais importante é conferir rigidez necessária à manutenção da verticalidade do caule e assegurar a existência de vias rápidas de circulação da água e minerais. Nesse sentido, a busca de sistemas moduladores da biossíntese da lignina pode ser alcançada com a aplicação de reguladores de crescimento. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da pulverização exógena de ácido jasmônico na biossíntese de lignina em mudas de Handroanthus impetiginosus e Patagonula americana, onde foram aplicadas diferentes concentrações do regulador vegetal ácido jasmônico (0,5 μmol L-1, 1 μmol L-1 e 1,5 μmol L-1). O experimento foi composto por delineamento inteiramente casualizado em viveiro e em blocos casualizados a campo, contando com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. A quantificação da lignina foi realizada pelo método de Van Soest. A campo também foram realizadas análises morfométricas (altura, diâmetro, número de folhas) para avaliar a qualidade das mudas, além de índices de qualidade, como a relação altura da parte aérea/diâmetro do coleto, a relação do peso de matéria seca da parte aérea/ peso de matéria seca das raízes e o índice de qualidade de Dickson (IQD). A análise dos dados foi realizada com o auxílio do programa estatístico Statistics e os gráficos gerados a partir da análise de variância, considerando significância em nível de 5% de probabilidade do erro. Após a imposição dos tratamentos as mudas de H. impetiginosus externaram menor incremento em altura e relação altura e diâmetro para as três doses de AJ, comparadas à testemunha. Houve aumento no índice de qualidade de Dickson, na concentração de lignina da parte aérea e da raiz, nas doses de 1 μmol L-1 e 1,5 μmol L-1. Para as mudas de P. americana, as doses de 1 μmol L-1 e 1,5 μmol L-1 colaboraram para o aumento do incremento no diâmetro do coleto. Houve redução da relação altura da parte aérea/ diâmetro do coleto para as três concentrações de AJ. Na avaliação do IQD e do teor de lignina da parte aérea, houve aumento com a concentração de 1 μmol L-1 de AJ. No campo, 90 dias após o plantio, o percentual de sobrevivência das mudas de H. impetiginosus e P. americana foi 100%. Para as mudas de H. impetiginosus houve diferenças apenas no incremento do diâmetro do coleto na concentração de 1,5 μmol L-1 de AJ. As mudas de P. americana externaram menores valores para a relação H/D nas concetrações de 1 μmol L-1 e 1,5 μmol L-1. Os resultados indicam que dependendo da concentração utilizada de ácido jasmônico pode ser eficiente em promover a rustificação e melhorar o desempenho inicial a campo de mudas de H. impetiginosus e P. americana

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Rêgo, Andreia Brandão de Melo Lopes. "Qualidade de mudas de copaifera langsdorffii cultivadas em substratos alternativos em função da adubação complementar, fontes e métodos de aplicação de ácidos húmicos." Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/388.

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O crescimento inicial lento em espécies florestais nativas é um dos principais problemas enfrentados no setor de produção de mudas. Em face disso, é importante a definição de protocolos e estratégias que favoreçam a produção de mudas com qualidade, que apresentem elevadas taxas de crescimento inicial e de sobrevivência após o plantio, em menor espaço de tempo e condições acessíveis aos pequenos e médios produtores rurais, haja vista ser esse o público mais interessado neste tipo de insumo. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a produção de mudas de Copaifera langsdorffi em função da adubação mineral complementar em diferentes substratos orgânicos alternativos e de fontes e métodos de aplicação de ácidos húmicos. O experimento foi dividido em duas fases, sendo a primeira desenvolvida no viveiro de pesquisa em produção de mudas florestais da Universidade Federal do Tocantins – UFT, Campus Gurupi. O primeiro experimento foi instalado em delineamento de blocos casualizados, sob cobertura do tipo sombrite com 50% de retenção da luminosidade, em esquema fatorial 2x12, com 10 repetições. Na composição dos substratos foi usado Húmus de Minhoca (HM), Casca de Arroz Pré-carbonizada (CAPc), Substrato Comercial (SC) e Terra de Subsolo (TS) com utilização ou não de adubação suplementar. O substrato constituído por Húmus de Minhoca (50%) e terra de subsolo (50%) na ausência de adubação proporciona melhoria na morfologia das mudas quanto a massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca das raízes e o maior índice de qualidade de mudas. Os substratos com 75% de substância comercial e 25% de terra de subsolo e 100% de substrato comercial não requerem a suplementação da fertilidade com adubação para promover a melhoria no índice de qualidade de mudas. O substrato em composição de 50% de húmus de minhoca e 50% de terra do subsolo sem o uso da adubação proporcionou melhor índice de qualidade de muda. O segundo experimento foi implantado e desenvolvido em viveiro de produção de mudas florestais sob cobertura do tipo sombrite com 50% de retenção da luminosidade, localizado no município de Dianópolis estado do Tocantins. O delineamento experimental empregado foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram em função de métodos de aplicação pelas fontes de ácidos húmicos, o produto comercial - Fertiactyl® e ácidos húmicos obtido de compostos orgânicos alternativos (ácido húmico alternativo - AHA). Mudas que não recebem aplicação de ácido húmico apresentam maior incremento no comprimento radicular, porém menor massa seca de raiz quando comparadas a mudas que recebem aplicação de ácidos húmicos. O maior índice de qualidade de mudas ocorre quando o ácido húmico comercial é aplicado via foliar, enquanto o menor índice acontece quando não utiliza ácidos húmicos. Assim, o uso de compostos orgânicos, seja na composição do substrato e/ou na aplicação de ácidos húmicos promove melhoria no desenvolvimento das mudas de Copaifera langsdorffi. Slow initial growth in native forest species is one of the main problems faced in the seedling production sector. In this regard, it is important to define protocols and strategies that favor the production of quality seedlings that present high rates of initial growth and survival after planting in a shorter time and conditions accessible to small and medium-sized rural producers, As this is the most interested public in this type of input. This work aimed to evaluate the production of Copaifera langsdorffi seedlings as a function of complementary mineral fertilization in different organic substrates and sources and methods of humic acid application. The experiment was divided into two phases, the first one being developed at the research nursery in the production of forest seedlings at the Federal University of Tocantins - UFT, Campus Gurupi. The first experiment was installed in a randomized complete block design with a 50% luminosity retention, in a 2x12 factorial scheme, with 10 repetitions. In the composition of the substrates was used Worm Humus (HM), Pre-carbonized Rice Peel (CAPc), Commercial Substrate (SC) and Subsoil Land (TS) with or without additional fertilization. The substrate composed of Worm Humus (50%) and subsoil soil (50%) in the absence of fertilization provides an improvement in the morphology of the seedlings as dry shoot mass, dry mass of the roots and the highest quality index of seedlings. Substrates with 75% commercial substance and 25% subsoil and 100% commercial substrate do not require fertility supplementation with fertilization to promote improvement in seed quality index. Substrate composition of 50% earthworm humus and 50% subsoil soil without the use of fertilization provided a better molt quality index. The second experiment was implemented and developed in nursery for the production of forest shrubs under cover of the sombrite type with 50% retention of luminosity, located in the municipality of Dianópolis state of Tocantins. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five replications. The treatments were based on methods of application by the sources of humic substances, the commercial product - Fertiactyl ® and humic acids obtained from alternative organic compounds (alternative humic acid - AHA). Saplings that do not receive humic acid application present a greater increase in root length, but lower dry root mass when compared to seedlings receiving humic substances. The highest quality index of seedlings occurs when commercial humic acid is applied via foliar, while the lowest index occurs when it does not use humic substances. Thus, the use of organic compounds, either in the substrate composition and / or the application of humic acids promotes improvement in the development of Copaifera langsdorffi seedlings.

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Dehlin, Helena. "Ecosystem functioning and plant-soil interactions in forests : influences of quality and diversity of resources /." Umeå : Dept. of Forest Vegetation Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/200679.pdf.

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Ramos, Klédison Alan. "Disponibilidade hídrica e hidrorretentores na produção de mudas clonais de eucalipto." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5774.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T13:51:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kledison Alan Ramos.pdf: 1242885 bytes, checksum: aab86c870e7e109f2b3fde9dde856b7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-17 This study aimed to evaluate the use of two types of water retentor polymer, mixed with substrates in concentrations of 0,33, 0,66 and 1,00 Kg.m-³, submitted to three irrigation level: operational blade, blade 30% of reduction and blade 50% reduction in production of clonal eucalyptus seedlings (hybrid of E. grandis x E. urophylla) in nurseries, in two separate experiments to contribute to greater water retention, decreasing irrigation and maintaining quality of produced seedlings. The study was done in units of Fibria Celulose in Aracruz, ES and Jacarei, SP. The variables were evaluated to assess the quality standard operating seedlings, among witch stand out the survival, rooting, seedling height, stem diameter, leaf water potential, quality standard changes and substrate moisture. This study was concluded that irrigation with 30% reduction can be used without compromising the quality of seedlings and other variables. The experiment was a 7 x 3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with 5 replications Este estudo objetivou avaliar a utilização de dois produtos hidrorretentores, misturados aos substratos em concentrações de 0,33, 0,66 e 1,00 Kg.m-³, submetidos a três lâminas de irrigação: lâmina operacional, lâmina com redução de 30 % e lâmina com redução de 50 %, na produção de mudas de eucalipto clonal (híbrido de E. grandis x E. urophylla) em viveiro, em dois experimentos distintos, buscando contribuir para maior retenção da água no substrato, diminuindo a irrigação e mantendo a qualidade de mudas produzidas. O estudo foi desenvolvido nas unidades da empresa Fibria Celulose em Aracruz, ES e Jacareí, SP. As variáveis foram avaliadas visando avaliar o padrão de qualidade operacional das mudas, dentre elas destacam-se a sobrevivência, enraizamento, altura da muda, diâmetro do coleto, potencial hídrico, padrão de qualidade da muda e umidade do substrato. Neste estudo, conclui-se que a lâmina de irrigação com 30% de redução pode ser utilizada sem comprometimento da qualidade da muda e das demais variáveis avaliadas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi um esquema fatorial 7 x 3, num delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 5 repetições

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Binotto, Alexandre Francisco. "RELAÇÃO ENTRE VARIÁVEIS DE CRESCIMENTO E O ÍNDICE DE QUALIDADE DE DICKSON EM MUDAS DE Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maid e Pinus elliottii var. elliottii - Engelm." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8768.

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The present work had for objective to verify the relation between growth variability and the interference Dickson Quality Index, to verify the efficiency relation of this /index in the quality indication on seedlings and to identify the behavior of the growth variable during the seedlings development cycle in trays with full and varied competition in Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maid and Pinus elliottii var. elliottii Engelm seedlings, in the forest nursery of the Universidade Federal de Saint Maria, RS. In this way, for both species, was installed a blank experiment in the greenhouse. The data collection for E. grandis had been to the 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 days, after the seedling sprout and for P. elliotti to 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 days, after the seedling sprout (DAE). Each species were represented for two trays, being that in one of them was analyzed the diameter of the col (DIAM, in mm), the height of the aerial part (ALT, in cm), the leaf number (NF) (only for E. grandis), dry fitomass of leaves (MSF in gram/plant), dry fitomass of the col (MSC gram/plant), dry fitomass of the radicular system (MSR gram/plant); dry fitomass of the aerial part (MSPA gram/plant), gotten for the sum of MSF and MSC; total dry fitomass(MST), gotten for the sum of MSPA and MSR; the relation of the aerial part/radicular system (RPAR), gotten of the relation between MSPA and MSR; and the relation of the aerial part height /diameter of the col (RAD), gotten from the relation between ALT and DIAM, and the Dickson Quality Index (IQD), gotten from an equation involving the morphologic variable, previously cited, except the NF. For this tray, after each data collection was selected a parcel of seedlings for fitomassas attainment. One proceeded the rearrangement from the remaining seedlings, with the intention of verifying the interference that the seedlings would suffer, giving them a bigger luminosity and aeration. To the other tray were analyzed diameter of col DIAM, ALT, NF (for E. grandis), remaining during all the study, the total number of seedlings. Through statistical methods of Regression Analysis, Pearson Correlation and Pathy Analysis different combinations between the morphologic variables had been studied, with DAE and IQD, using as election criterion for the regression mathematical models: the biggest value of the adjusted determination coefficient (R ² aj), minor variation coefficient (CV%) and minor error average standard (Syx). Dry root Fitomass, was the more related variable with the IQD, however its not viable the attainment because its necessary the destruction of the plantt. The diameter of the col was the most propitious variable to indicate seedling quality, based in its bigger degree of Dickson relation Index(IQD). The varialble height just presented efficient to indicate seedling quality when analyzed together the diameter. The IQD was efficient to indicate seedling quality, therefore it was presented sufficiently related with the studied variables for E. grandis and P. elliotti. The variable col diameter was the one that presented greater relation after sprout, when compared with the seedling height, as much in trays with seedlings in full competition how much in varied competition, for both the studied species O presente trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a relação entre variáveis de crescimento e a interferência que estas exercem sobre o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson, verificar a relação de eficiência deste na indicação da qualidade de mudas e identificar o comportamento das variáveis de crescimento com o passar do ciclo de mudas em bandejas com competição plena e variada em mudas de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maid e Pinus elliottii var. elliottii - Engelm, no viveiro florestal da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS. Nesse sentido, para ambas espécies, se instalou um experimento em branco em casa de vegetação. A coleta dos dados para E. grandis foram aos 60, 75, 90, 105 e 120 dias, após a emergência das mudas e para P. elliottii aos 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 dias, após emergência das mudas (DAE). Cada espécie era representada por duas bandejas, sendo que em uma delas analisou-se o diâmetro do colo (DIAM, em mm), a altura da parte aérea (ALT, em cm), o número de folhas (NF) (somente para E. grandis), a fitomassa seca de folhas (MSF em grama/planta), fitomassa seca do colo (MSC grama/planta), fitomassa seca do sistema radicular (MSR grama/planta); a fitomassa seca da parte aérea (MSPA grama/planta), obtida pela soma da MSF e MSC; a fitomassa seca total (MST), obtida pela soma do MSPA e MSR; a relação da parte aérea/sistema radicular (RPAR), obtida da relação entre MSPA e MSR; e a relação da altura da parte aérea/diâmetro do coleto (RAD), obtida da relação entre ALT e DIAM, e Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD), obtido a partir de uma equação envolvendo as variáveis morfológicas, anteriormente citadas, com exceção do NF. Para essa bandeja, após cada coleta dos dados selecionou-se uma parcela de mudas para obtenção das fitomassas. Procedeu-se o rearranjo das mudas remanescentes, com o intuito de assim se verificar interferência que as mudas sofreriam, disponibilizando de maior luminosidade e aeração. Para a outra bandeja analisou-se diâmetro do colo DIAM, ALT, NF (para E. grandis), mantendo-se, durante todo o estudo, o número total de mudas. Através de métodos estatísticos como Análise de Regressão, Correlação de Pearson e Análise de Trilha estudaram-se diferentes combinações entre as variáveis morfológicas, com DAE e IQD, usando-se como critérios de seleção para os modelos matemáticos de regressão: o maior valor do coeficiente de determinação ajustado (R²aj), menor coeficiente de variação (CV%) e menor erro padrão médio (Syx). A fitomassa seca de raiz, foi a variável mais relacionada com o IQD, porém não é viável sua obtenção por ser necessária a destruição da muda. O diâmetro do colo foi a variável mais propícia para indicar qualidade de muda, baseado no seu maior grau de relação com Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). A variável altura só se apresentou eficiente para indicar qualidade de mudas quando analisada juntamente com o diâmetro. O IQD foi eficiente para indicar qualidade de mudas, pois se apresentou bastante relacionado com as variáveis estudadas para E. grandis e P. elliottii. A variável diâmetro do colo foi a que apresentou maior relação com os dias após emergência, quando comparada com a altura da muda, tanto em bandejas com mudas em competição plena quanto em variada, para ambas as espécies estudadas

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Caldeira, Sidney Fernando. "Conservação, viabilidade e vigor de diásporos e crescimento inicial de mudas de aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. Allem.)." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1598.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:29:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseSFC.pdf: 1714522 bytes, checksum: 1f5731378a9a944b1b3d82e565d352a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-24 The increase of the antropic action on the different forms of vegetation imposes the necessity to study the forest species, as much as for its conservation, as for its use in environment and productive plantations. If the species is still widely explored in function of the quality of its wood and of other types of products, they increase the risks for its extinction, and the Myracrodruon urundeuva ( aroeira ) is a species that fits in these aspects. The seed still is the most popular and common form of reproduction of the majority of the forest species, and also for its "ex-situ" conservation. However, the majority of the works on storage is conducted in cold or dry chambers, or its combination, of high cost, for periods around 12 months, and not always they reach the variation of the packages, in relation to the permeability. The option of keeping the quality of diasporas of "aroeira", deriving of seeds collection area, in Cuiabá, Brazil, and cheaper conditions to be stored, and of this form, accessible to more users was evaluated under different forms. In controlled chamber for a conditioning air device, the viability of diasporas of "aroeira" was conserved up to 30 months of storage, while the vigor was kept up to six months, independent of the type of packing used, since the impermeable one, until the total permeate one. In room environment the viability and the vigor were been reduced, at the age of six months, but in lesser speed, when the diasporas were conditioned in packing of can and polyethylene bag; at the age of 12 months the deterioration increased and at the age eighteen it was complete. Positive and significant correlations between the methods of analysis of viability as well as of vigor had been observed. The test of accelerated ageing presented resulted satisfactory to evaluate the quality of the diasporas of aroeira , while the tests of electric conductivity and of the diasporas thousand mass had not been adjusted. The evaluation of the initial development of seedlings, produced from the diasporas stored under different conditions, resulted in lesser values of height, diameter of collar and total dry substance mass, in relation to produced seedlings with the diasporas just harvested. However, with the development of the seedlings, these differences did not remain and presented inferior as well as superior values, in relation to the previous evaluations. It is possible to keep the viability of diasporas of aroeira , for at least up to 30 months, and its vigor up to six months, with its storage in controlled chamber. O aumento da ação antrópica sobre as diferentes formas de vegetação, impõe a necessidade de estudar as espécies florestais, tanto para a sua conservação, como o seu uso em plantios ambientais e produtivos. Se a espécie ainda é largamente explorada em função da qualidade de sua madeira e de outros tipos de produtos, aumentam os riscos de sua extinção, e a aroeira é uma espécie que se enquadra nesses aspectos. A semente ainda é a forma mais popular e comum de reprodução da maioria das espécies florestais, e também para a sua conservação "ex-situ". Contudo, a maioria dos trabalhos sobre armazenamento é conduzida em câmaras frias, secas ou a sua combinação, de alto custo, por períodos em torno de 12 meses, e nem sempre abrangem a variação das embalagens, quanto à permeabilidade. A opção de manter a qualidade de diásporos de aroeira, oriundos de área de coleta de sementes, em Cuiabá, em condições mais amenas e mais baratas de serem armazenadas, e desta forma, acessível a mais usuários, foi avaliada sob diferentes formas. Em câmara climatizada por um aparelho condicionador de ar, a viabilidade de diásporos de aroeira se conservou até 30 meses de armazenamento, enquanto o vigor se manteve até seis meses, independente do tipo de embalagem utilizada, desde a impermeável, até a totalmente permeável. Em ambiente a viabilidade e o vigor foram reduzidos, aos seis meses, mas em menor velocidade, quando os diásporos foram acondicionados em embalagem de lata e em saco de polietileno; aos 12 meses a deterioração aumentou e aos 18 meses foi completa. Foram observadas correlações positivas e significativas entre os métodos de análise tanto da viabilidade como do vigor. O teste de envelhecimento acelerado apresentou resultados satisfatórios para avaliar a qualidade dos diásporos de aroeira, enquanto os testes de condutividade elétrica e da massa de mil diásporos não foram adequados. A avaliação do desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas, produzidas a partir dos diásporos armazenados sob diferentes condições, resultou em menores valores de altura, diâmetro do coleto e massa de matéria seca total, em relação às plântulas produzidas com os diásporos recém colhidos. Contudo, com o desenvolvimento das mudas, essas diferenças não se mantiveram e apresentaram tanto valores inferiores como superiores, em relação às avaliações anteriores. É possível manter a viabilidade de diásporos de aroeira, pelos menos até 30 meses, e o seu vigor até seis meses, com o seu armazenamento na câmara climatizada.

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Barros, Thaís Chagas. "Métodos nível crítico, dris e cnd validados na qualidade de mudas clonais de Eucalyptus spp." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154477.

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Submitted by Thaís Chagas Barros (tthaisbarross@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-06T12:56:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Thais Barros.pdf: 1852111 bytes, checksum: 8184b869026578d5eba56d9984750935 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Neli Silvia Pereira null (nelisps@fcav.unesp.br) on 2018-07-10T14:19:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 barros_tb_dr_jabo.pdf: 1852111 bytes, checksum: 8184b869026578d5eba56d9984750935 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-10T14:19:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 barros_tb_dr_jabo.pdf: 1852111 bytes, checksum: 8184b869026578d5eba56d9984750935 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-17 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) O desenvolvimento de mudas de Eucalyptus spp. aferido por índices de qualidade ou de acúmulo de matéria seca depende do estado nutricional adequado. No entanto, a qualidade dos métodos para interpretação do estado nutricional de mudas clonais de eucalipto ainda não é conhecida. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade dos diagnósticos obtidos pelos métodos do nível crítico (NC), sistema integrado de diagnose e recomendação (DRIS) e composição da diagnose nutricional (CND) na avaliação do estado nutricional de mudas de Eucalyptus spp., frente a dois diferentes indicadores de produção. O banco de dados foi obtido de viveiros comerciais e de experimentos de calibração, tendo sete nutrientes (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, B e Fe) e quatro concentrações por nutriente, dispostos em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. O clone de Eucalyptus spp. utilizado nos experimentos foi o AEC 0144. As mudas da área experimental e dos viveiros comerciais totalizaram 222 mudas, nas quais, foram determinados os teores foliares dos nutrientes, a massa seca de planta inteira (MS) e calculado o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). Nas parcelas experimentais realizou-se a acurácia dos diagnósticos, a partir da comparação do diagnóstico com a resposta da planta em função da adição do nutriente correspondente. Cinco medidas de acurácia foram usadas para testar a eficiência dos métodos diagnósticos: acurácia total, acurácia para deficiência e suficiência, razão de deficiência e razão de eficiência, e o incremento líquido na MS e no IQD. O desempenho dos métodos diagnósticos variou entre os métodos NC, DRIS e CND, como também entre os nutrientes estudados. Dado que o sistema de produção de mudas é, em grande parte, um sistema mais controlado e onde as variações ambientais são mínimas, e considerando que os diferentes métodos diagnósticos apresentaram desempenho distinto em relação a avaliação do verdadeiro estado nutricional das mudas de eucalipto, o método do NC deve ser o mais indicado para essa situação, seja pelo seu melhor desempenho em avaliar o estado nutricional para a maioria dos nutrientes, seja pela facilidade de sua implementação. The efficiency of methods in adequately interpreting the nutritional status of Eucalyptus spp. clonal seedlings remains unknown. The aim was to evaluate the quality of diagnoses obtained using the critical level (CL), diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS) and compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) methods to assess the nutritional status of Eucalyptus spp. seedlings, based on two different yield indicators. The data were obtained from commercial nursery and calibration experiments, using seven nutrients as treatments (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, B and Fe) and four concentrations per nutrient, arranged in randomized blocks, with four repetitions. The Eucalyptus spp. clone used in the experiments was AEC 0144. A total of 222 seedlings were obtained from the experimental area and commercial nurseries and the following were determined: leaf nutrient content, whole plant dry matter (DM) content and the Dickson quality index (DQI). Diagnostic accuracy in the experimental plots was ascertained by comparing the diagnosis with plant response as a function of adding the corresponding nutrient. Five measures of accuracy were used to test the efficiency of the diagnostic methods: total accuracy, accuracy for deficiency and sufficiency, deficiency ratio, efficiency ratio, and the net increase in in DM and DQI. The performance of diagnostic methods varied between CL, DRIS and CND, and among the nutrients studied. Given that the seedling production system is largely more controlled, where environmental variations are minimal, and considering that the different diagnostic methods exhibited distinct performance in terms of assessing the true nutritional status of eucalyptus seedlings, the CL method is the most indicated for this situation, due to its better performance in evaluating the nutritional status of most nutrients and easy implementation.

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Casara, Ana Claudia. "Resposta do cedro australiano à inoculação com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2016. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/2462.

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Submitted by Claudia Rocha (claudia.rocha@udesc.br) on 2018-03-07T12:37:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCS16MA144.pdf: 1847024 bytes, checksum: b5325fff6f19f3a1b0badd1a09295544 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-07T12:37:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCS16MA144.pdf: 1847024 bytes, checksum: b5325fff6f19f3a1b0badd1a09295544 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-30 Capes Because the timber potential, rapid growth and adaptation to edaphoclimatic conditions, the Australian cedar has been outstanding in the segment of sawn wood. The goal of this work was to evaluate the effect of the inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the accumulation of nutrients, growth and quality of Australian cedar seedlings. The production of the seedlings was conducted in a greenhouse for 150 days. The seedlings were produced from seeds sown directly in the pot. The treatments containing the AMF were: Entrophospora colombiana, Acaulospora morrowiae, mixed inoculum (E. colombiana + A. morrowiae) and SF (control). Transplanting was carried out in the municipality of Dona Emma - SC, where the experimental design was completely randomized blocks, with factorial scheme 4 x 3. The first factor was fungal treatment, while the second factor was N, P and K fertilization, with (22.5 kg ha-1 urea, 67.5 kg ha-1 P2O5, 33.7 kg ha-1 K2O) and 1 dose (45 kg ha-1 urea, 135 kg ha-1 P2O5, 67.5 kg ha-1 K2O). The 4 plants of the useful plot were collected after 120 days of transplanting. The variables height, dry matter of shoot, root dry matter, stem diameter, mycorrhizal colonization and N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents of the plant tissue of the cedar seedlings were evaluated. The quality indexes of seedlings were calculated. The results showed that the seedlings inoculated with mixed inoculum varied between 25 and 31 cm in height, and myotrophism was observed. E. colombiana and mixed inoculum provided increase of MSPA, MSR and DC. A. morrowiae and mixed inoculum showed greater mycorrhizal colonization. The inoculated seedlings presented higher H / DC and higher MSPA / MSR. A. morrowiae presented the lowest IQD. E. colombiana showed to be superior in the absorption of N. The treatments with FMAs showed positive influence on P. A. morrowiae and without fungus were not efficient in the absorption of K and Ca Em virtude do seu potencial madeireiro, rápido crescimento e adaptação às condições edafoclimáticas, o cedro australiano tem se destacado no segmento de madeira serrada. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito da inoculação de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares sobre o acúmulo de nutrientes, crescimento e qualidade de mudas de cedro australiano. A produção das mudas foi conduzida em casa de vegetação durante 150 dias. As mudas foram produzidas a partir de sementes semeadas diretamente no vaso. Os tratamentos contendo os FMAs foram: Entrophospora colombiana, Acaulospora morrowiae, inóculo misto (E. colombiana + A. morrowiae) e SF (controle). O transplantio foi realizado no município de Dona Emma – SC, onde o delineamento experimental foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com esquema fatorial 4 x 3, com 3 repetições. O primeiro fator foi o tratamento fúngico enquanto que o segundo fator foi adubação N, P e K, com três doses: 0 (sem adubação), 0,5 (22,5 kg ha-1 de ureia; 67,5 kg ha-1 de P2O5; 33,7 kg ha-1 de K2O) e 1 dose (45 kg ha-1 de ureia; 135 kg ha-1 de P2O5; 67,5 kg ha-1 de K2O). Coletou-se as 4 plantas da parcela útil após 120 dias do transplantio. Foram avaliadas as variáveis altura, matéria seca da parte aérea, matéria seca da raiz, diâmetro do caule, colonização micorrízica e os teores de N, P, K, Ca e Mg do tecido vegetal da parte aérea das mudas e calculados os índices de qualidade de mudas. Os resultados mostraram que as mudas inoculadas com inóculo misto variaram entre 25 e 31 cm de altura, sendo observado micotrofismo. E. colombiana e inóculo misto proporcionaram aumento de MSPA, MSR e DC. A. morrowiae e inóculo misto apresentaram maior colonização micorrízica. As mudas quando inoculadas apresentaram maior H/DC e maior MSPA/MSR. A. morrowiae apresentou o menor IQD. E. colombiana mostrou-se superior na absorção de N. Os tratamentos com FMAs apresentaram influência positiva sobre P. A. morrowiae e sem fungo não foram eficientes na absorção de K e Ca

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Brunetta, Juliana Margarido Fonseca Couto. "Isolamento e seleção de rizobactérias para a produção de mudas de Pinus spp." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2006. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/587.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T12:27:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1273067 bytes, checksum: 52b7c7407feafea11f69ff2518898534 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-07-21 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior The objectives of this research were to isolate and select P. taeda growth promoting rhizobacterias and test the especificity of P. taeda strains on different pinus species (P. elliottii, P. oocarpa e P. caribaea hondurensis). Their capacity of colonizing P. taeda roots germinated in vitro and their ability to solubilize phosphates were also determinated. The bacterias were isolated from 150 day-old Pinus seedlings and the selection was carried out by the strains inoculation in comercial substract used for seedling production. After 150 days of sowing, the morphological variables as aerial part height, aerial part and root system dry matter, and Dickson s quality index (DQI) were evaluated. The DQI standard value used in his research was 0,20. In the strains selection, significantly differences were observed for the aerial part and root system dry matter weight for the different seedling species with relationship to the isolated control seedlings 12 and 19, respectively. In relation to Dickson s quality index, significantly differences were verified between the control seedlings and the ones grown on the strains UFV-D6, UFV-A3, UFV-C4, UFV-F4, UFV-E2 e UFV-B3, but with values below to that established as pattern in the study. From the 99 tested strains, six were selected (UFV-AL9, UFV-AM5, UFV-AM2, UFV-F3, UFV-G2 and UFV-G4) due to their capacity of stimulating the growth and quality improvement of P. taeda seedling. On the second part of the research, those six selected strains, as well as the strains UFV-X2, UFV-Z1 and UFV-F6, were used to test other species of pinus. The aerial part and roots dry matter weight and Dickon s quality index were evaluated after 150 days of sowing. The strains UFV-AM5 and UFV-Z1 presented significantly differences for P. taeda in relation to the aerial part and root system dry matter weight, and for Dickson´s index quality. These variables also presented positive results at the P. elliottii seedlings, especially the strains UFV-AM5, UFV-X2 and UFV-G2. In general, it was possible to conclude that there is strain especifity for the different pinus species, indicating that P. taeda seedlings had the best averages for all the variables. To observe the rhizobacteria colonization capacity, P. taeda seeds were microbiolized with rhizobacteria pre-selected strains on the first part of this research. The evaluation was accomplished visually on the 30th day of sowing. All the nine tested strains were able to colonize the roots in vitro, but only the strain UFV-AM5 was efficient on phosphates solubilization. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram isolar e selecionar rizobactérias promotoras de crescimento de Pinus taeda, bem como verificar a especificidade destas para diferentes espécies de pinus (P. taeda, P. elliottii, P. oocarpa e P. caribaea hondurensis). Foram determinadas também a capacidade de solubilização de fosfato de isolados de rizobactérias selecionados e a colonização desses nas raízes das mudas das diferentes espécies de Pinus. Os isolados das rizobactérias foram obtidos de mudas de 150 dias de idade e a seleção das rizobactérias foi feita por meio da inoculação dos isolados em substrato comercial usado para produção de mudas. Após 150 dias de semeadura, avaliaram-se as variáveis morfológicas como altura da parte aérea, peso de matéria seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular e o índice de qualidade de Dickson (IQD). O valor do IQD estabelecido como padrão para o estudo foi de 0,20. Na seleção dos isolados, para a variável peso de matéria seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular das mudas das diferentes espécies, foram observadas diferenças significativas com relação às mudas-testemunha nos isolados 12 e 19, respectivamente. Quanto ao índice de qualidade de Dickson, constataram-se diferenças significativas entre as mudas-testemunha e as crescidas sobre os isolados UFV-D6, UFV-A3, UFV-C4, UFV-F4, UFV-E2 e UFV-B3, porém com valores abaixo do estabelecido como padrão no estudo. Dos 99 isolados testados, seis, UFV-AL9, UFV-AM5, UFV-AM2, UFV-F3, UFV-G2 e UFV-G4, foram selecionados por estimular o crescimento e melhorar a qualidade das mudas de P. taeda. Para a segunda etapa, esses seis isolados selecionados, bem como os isolados UFV-X2, UFV-Z1 e UFV-F6, foram utilizados nos testes para as demais espécies de pinus. O peso de matéria seca da parte aérea e de raízes e o índice de qualidade de Dickson (IQD) foram avaliados 150 dias após a semeadura. Foi constatada diferença significativa dos isolados UFV-AM5 e UFV-Z1 para o P. taeda, quanto ao peso de matéria seca da parte aérea e sistema radicular e ao índice de qualidade de Dickson. Para essas variáveis, foram observados também resultados positivos para as mudas de P. elliottii, destacando-se os isolados UFV-AM5, UFV-X2 e UFV-G2. De modo geral, pode-se concluir que existe especificidade dos isolados para diferentes espécies de pinus, indicando que as melhores médias para todas as variáveis foram para as mudas de P. taeda. Para observar a capacidade de colonização das rizobactérias, sementes de P. taeda foram microbiolizadas com os isolados de rizobactérias pré-selecionados na primeira etapa deste trabalho. A avaliação foi realizada visualmente aos 30 dias da semeadura. Todos os nove isolados testados apresentaram capacidade de colonização in vitro de raízes, porém apenas o isolado UFV-AM5 foi capaz de solubilizar fosfatos in vitro.

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Keller, Luciano. "Viabilidade do uso do sistema de blocos prensados na produ??o de mudas de tr?s esp?cies arb?reas nativas." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2006. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/479.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:56:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006 - Luciano Keller.pdf: 334126 bytes, checksum: 61f193dcc02e3911711ef2d11e41f545 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-27 Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior The objective was to evaluate the viability use of the system of blocks pressed for the production of seedlings of Inga marginata, Jacaranda puberula and Zeyheria tuberculosa. It was used as containers pressed block (440 cm3/ seedlings), plastic sacks (11x15 cm) and the tubetes of circular section (280 cm3). They were made evaluations of the seedlings, planting simulation in the nursery and definitive planting in the field in ciliary area to river Guand? s margins. It was used as substratum organic composition, ground coal and loamy soil, in the proportion volumetric, 6:2:2. For the making of the blocks, the substratum was moistened, put in metallic form with dimensions of: 60 x 40 x 20 cm (length, width and height) on a wood box with screen bottom (0,5 mm) and pressed by 15 minutes with a hydraulic monkey. After the presage, the blocks presented height of 12 cm. The seeds were sowed in sand and transplanted for the containers, selecting themselves plantules more homogeneous. The comparison was made by the characteristics of the produced seedlings and for his/her acting powder-planting in bags of 20 liters and in the field. At that time of expedition of the seedlings for the field (150 days after the sowing), the seedlings of the three studied species presented satisfactory growth, when produced in the system of blocks pressed unlike the seedlings produced in the tubetes, 150 days after the repicage. Seedlings of Jacaranda puberula produced in tubetes presented estiolation. That was not observed in seedlings of Inga marginata and Zeyheria tuberculosa. In condition of planting controlled seedlings of Inga marginata produced in tubetes presented smaller values of lap diameter and dry weight of the radicular system and seedlings of Jacaranda puberula produced in the pressed blocks presented smaller height values, lap diameter and dry weight of the radicular system, however that no repeating in the field. After the planting in the field mute of Jacaranda puberula produced in tubetes presented smaller survival taxes. There was not difference among the systems of production of the seedlings, when appraised the height and the diameter of lap of the plants 10 months after the planting. The system of pressed blocks was shown technically viable for the production of seedlings of native forest essences. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a viabilidade uso do sistema de blocos prensados para a produ??o de mudas de Inga marginata, Jacaranda puberula e Zeyheria tuberculosa. Utilizou-se como recipientes bloco prensado (440 cm?/muda), sacos pl?sticos (330 cm3) e tubetes de se??o circular (280 cm3). Foram feitas avalia??es das mudas, simula??o de plantio no viveiro e plantio definitivo no campo em ?rea ciliar ?s margens do Rio Guandu, Serop?dica/RJ. Utilizou-se como substrato composto org?nico, moinha de carv?o e solo argiloso, na propor??o volum?trica, 6:2:2. Para a confec??o dos blocos, o substrato foi umedecido, colocado em forma met?lica com dimens?es de: 60 x 40 x 20 cm (comprimento, largura e altura) sobre uma caixa de madeira com fundo de tela (0,5 mm) e prensado por 15 minutos com um macaco hidr?ulico. Ap?s a prensagem, os blocos apresentaram altura de 12 cm. As sementes foram semeadas em areia e transplantadas para os recipientes, selecionando-se as pl?ntulas mais homog?neas. A compara??o foi feita pelas caracter?sticas das mudas produzidas e por seu desempenho p?s-plantio em sacolas de 20 litros e no campo. Na ?poca de expedi??o das mudas para o campo (150 dias ap?s a semeadura), as mudas das tr?s esp?cies apresentaram crescimento satisfat?rio, quando produzidas no sistema de blocos prensados ao contr?rio das mudas produzidas nos tubetes. Mudas de Jacaranda puberula produzidas em tubetes apresentaram estiolamento. Isso n?o foi observado em mudas de Inga marginata e Zeyheria tuberculosa. Em condi??es de plantio controlado mudas de Inga marginata produzidas em tubetes apresentaram menores valores de di?metro de colo e peso seco do sistema radicular e mudas de Jacaranda puberula produzidas nos blocos prensados apresentaram menores valores de altura, di?metro de colo e peso seco do sistema radicular, por?m isso n?o se repetiu no campo. Ap?s o plantio no campo as plantas de Jacaranda puberula produzidas em tubetes apresentaram menores taxas de sobreviv?ncia. N?o houve diferen?a entre os sistemas de produ??o das mudas, quando avaliada a altura e o di?metro de colo das plantas 10 meses ap?s o plantio. O sistema de blocos prensados mostrou-se tecnicamente vi?vel para a produ??o de mudas de ess?ncias florestais nativas.

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Vervloet, Filho Radagasio Hugo. "Utilização de hidroretentor em substrato semi-saturado na produção de mudas de eucalipto." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5771.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T13:51:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Radagasio Hugo Vervloet Filho.pdf: 1995458 bytes, checksum: 8f95e786f617039b867e07b47cdc201c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-08 This study aimed at testing the addition of three different doses of gel (soil Hydroretainer) in the production of hybrid seedlings of E. grandis X E. urophylla in two different water samples. Four clones were used (6437, 6466, 11420 and 11436). The study was conducted in nurseries at Fibria S.A., in the municipality of Aracruz - Espírito Santo. The parameters for assessing the development of seedlings occurred in four main phases of production: rooting, acclimation, growth and rustication. During these phases were monitored the moisture content of the substrate, cuttings rooting, plant survival, height growth of the bud, diameter growth of the base of the stem, nutritional status, water potential of plants leaves and ratings of the quality standard of the plants produced. With these results, it was not possible to conclude what the optimal dosage of the polymer hidroretentor to be used because the experiment was conducted in semi-saturated substrate. It was concluded that reducing the water level did not impair plant development. In addition, we evaluated the quality of the seedlings at the time of shipment and found that the better performance of clones 6437 and 6466 Este estudo teve como objetivo testar a adição de três doses diferentes de gel (Hidroretentor de solo) na produção de mudas clonais do híbrido E. grandis vs. E .urophylla em duas lâminas d água diferentes. Foram utilizados quatro clones (6437, 6466, 11420 e 11436). O estudo foi realizado no viveiro da Fibria S.A., no município de Aracruz - Espírito Santo. Os parâmetros para avaliação do desenvolvimento das mudas ocorreram em quatro fases principais de produção: enraizamento, aclimatação, crescimento e rustificação. Durante estas fases ocorreram o monitoramento do teor de umidade do substrato, do enraizamento de estacas, da sobrevivência de plantas, do crescimento em altura do broto, do crescimento em diâmetro do coleto, do estado nutricional, do potencial hídrico foliar das plantas, e a classificações do padrão de qualidade das plantas produzidas. Com os resultados obtidos, não foi possível concluir qual a dosagem ideal do polímero hidroretentor a ser utilizada, pois todo o experimento foi conduzido em substrato semi-saturado. Concluiu-se que a redução da lâmina d água não prejudicou o desenvolvimento das plantas. Além disso, avaliou-se a qualidade das mudas no momento da expedição e constatou-se o melhor desempenho dos clones 6437 e 6466

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ANTUNES, Luiz Fernando de Sousa. "Produ??o de gongocompostos e sua utiliza??o como substrato para produ??o de mudas de alface." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2017. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2347.

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Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-17T19:18:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Luiz Fernando de Sousa Antunes.pdf: 3490233 bytes, checksum: 92443afbff5584305c9a4e8b2710566c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T19:18:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Luiz Fernando de Sousa Antunes.pdf: 3490233 bytes, checksum: 92443afbff5584305c9a4e8b2710566c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-15 CNPq The millicompost is a 100% substrate consisting of organic compound generated by the activity of diplopods of the species Trigoniulus corallinus, popularly known as millipedes, that are big consumers of litter and guarantee the cycling of nutrients to the soil. The generation of lignocellulosic residues is increasing and there is not always the correct destination of these residues. The millicomposting is an environmentally friendly alternative that allows the production of organic compounds from different agricultural residues for later use as a substrate in the production of vegetables. In this sense, this work was divided in three stages, whose objectives were: to evaluate the consumption of agricultural and urban residues by the Trigoniulus corallinus (Chapter I); to evaluate the efficiency of the millicomposts produced from agricultural and urban residues, at different composting times by the activity of the Trigoniulus corallinus diplopods, as substrates for the production of Vera lettuce seedlings, in addition to evaluating the pH, electrical conductivity and total macronutrient contents of the gongocomposts after storage for three months (Chapter II) and to evaluate the agronomic performance of lettuce in an organic production system, according to the quality of the seedlings of cultivar Vera lettuce grown by different millicomposts (Chapter III) In Chapter I, the results confirm that T. corallinus diplopods are able to ingest nutrient poor residues, but clearly exhibit their food preferences for residues containing higher nutrient contents. In Chapter II, of the three millicomposts evaluated, only the substrates T2-millicompost 125 days and T3- millicompost 180 days were efficient in lettuce production, however, the T3 substrate was responsible for the production of plants with greater accumulation of biomass, height and stability of the clod, being similar to the substrate T4-SIPA, considered as control. The storage for a period of three months allowed changes in pH, electrical conductivity and macronutrient contents, and only the electrical conductivity values were higher than allowed by Brazilian legislation. In the evaluation of the lettuce seedlings, the substrate T4-SIPA followed by the substrate T2-millicompost 125 days, were those that provided seedlings with greater development. In Chapter III, the T1-90 days treatment was lower in all evaluated parameters, when compared to the other treatments, but its estimated productivity meets the expectations for the state of Rio de Janeiro. Although there were no statistical differences, the estimated productivity was 10.38 and 11.82% lower for the treatment T2-125 days in relation to treatments T3-180 days and T4-SIPA, respectively, proving that the quality of the seedlings transplanted on the field is able to directly influence productivity in the lettuce crop. O gongocomposto ? um substrato 100% constitu?do por composto org?nico gerado pela atividade de dipl?podes da esp?cie Trigoniulus corallinus, popularmente conhecidos como gongolos, que s?o grandes consumidores de serrapilheira e garantem a ciclagem de nutrientes para o solo. A gera??o de res?duos lignocelul?sicos ? crescente e nem sempre h? a destina??o correta destes res?duos. A gongocompostagem ? uma alternativa amiga do meio ambiente, que viabiliza a produ??o de compostos org?nicos a partir de diferentes res?duos agr?colas para posterior uso como substrato na produ??o de hortali?as. Nesse sentido, este trabalho se dividiu em tr?s etapas, cujos objetivos foram: avaliar o consumo de res?duos agr?colas e urbanos pelo dipl?pode Trigoniulus corallinus (Cap?tulo I); avaliar a efici?ncia dos gongocompostos produzidos a partir de res?duos agr?colas e urbanos, em diferentes tempos de compostagem pela atividade dos dipl?podes Trigoniulus corallinus, como substratos para a produ??o de mudas de alface cultivar Vera, al?m de avaliar os valores de pH, de condutividade el?trica e dos teores de macronutrientes totais dos gongocompostos ap?s o armazenamento pelo per?odo de tr?s meses (Cap?tulo II) e avaliar o desempenho agron?mico da alface em sistema de produ??o org?nica, de acordo com a qualidade das mudas de alface crespa cultivar Vera produzidas por diferentes gongocompostos (Cap?tulo III) No Cap?tulo I, os resultados confirmam que os dipl?podes T. corallinus s?o capazes de ingerir res?duos pobres em nutrientes, por?m exibem nitidamente as suas prefer?ncias alimentares por res?duos que contenham maiores teores nutricionais. No Cap?tulo II, dos tr?s gongocompostos avaliados, apenas os substratos T2-gongocomposto 125 dias e T3-gongocomposto 180 dias se mostraram eficientes na produ??o de alface, contudo, o substrato T3 foi respons?vel pela produ??o de plantas com maior ac?mulo de biomassa, altura e estabilidade de torr?o, sendo semelhantes ao substrato T4-SIPA, tido como controle. O armazenamento pelo per?odo de tr?s meses proporcionou altera??es nos valores de pH, condutividade el?trica e teores de macronutrientes, sendo que apenas os valores de condutividade el?trica ficaram acima do permitido pela legisla??o brasileira. Na avalia??o das mudas de alface, o substrato T4-SIPA seguido pelo substrato T2-gongocomposto 125 dias, foram os que proporcionaram mudas com maior desenvolvimento. No Cap?tulo III, o tratamento T1-90 dias foi inferior em todos os par?metros avaliados, quando comparado aos demais tratamentos, por?m sua produtividade estimada atende ? esperada para o estado do Rio de Janeiro. Embora n?o tenha havido diferen?as estat?sticas, a produtividade estimada foi 10,38 e 11,82% menor para o tratamento T2-125 dias em rela??o aos tratamentos T3-180 dias e T4-SIPA, respectivamente, comprovando que a qualidade da muda transplantada no campo ? capaz de influenciar diretamente na produtividade na cultura da alface.

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Oliveira, Fernanda Ataide de. "Crescimento e composição mineral de mudas de três espécies arbóreas nativas em resposta a macronutrientes." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2008. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5539.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:53:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 resumo.pdf: 975706 bytes, checksum: b7f729aac6cddff22d4ac5ac02bd1e93 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-05 The biome of the Atlantic Forest has sufered a continuous devastation process, with vast ecological and environmental consequences, and the main form of forest restoration is the planting of seedlings. The production of native tree species seedlings of the Atlantic, the hydroeletric plant of Itaipu Binational aims to reforest the riparian vegetation of ltaipu Lake, and constitute the Biological Corridor which will connect Iarge areas of protected forest in Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. This venture is considered by UNESCO one of the largest environmental conservation projects of the world and includes the Morro do Diabo State Park, in the extreme west of São Paulo, the lguaçu National Park. between Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul the green bands around the ltaipu power plant reservoir, the lguaçu and the lguazú National Park in Argentina, and the Turvo State Park in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. ln seedling production, the company gardens use a commercial substrate and plastic tubes of 115 cm3 of capacity. The experiments were conducted in the greenhouse of the Soil Department of the Federal University of Viçosa to evaluate the effects of macronutrients doses (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) on the growth of Cedrella fissilis Vellozo (Cedro), Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub (Canafístula) and Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) Nichols. (Ipê-amarelo), produced in tubes and substrate. The seedlings after 90 days of emergency received five doses of each macronutrient by cover application. The experimental design used was the completely randomized, with three species, five doses, six nutrients, with five repetitions with four plants each, towling 90 treatments and 1800 plants. After l40 days, for each species it was evaluated the number of leaves, stems, diameter and height of the neck, and determined the total dry weight and subdivided into leaves, stem, aerial part (MSPA), the dry mass relation of the aerial part with the root. We also evaluated the Ievels of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in leaves and roots. The increase of N doses províded significant growth for the three evaluated species. The increase of Mg doses significantly influenced the growth characteristics in canafístula plants and Ipê-amarelo. The increase of S doses favored the increments in plant height characteristícs of Ipê-amarelo. For the nutrients that provide significant responses by the regression analysis the recommended doses for maximum production were in the order of 200 mg dm-3 N, 240 mg dm-3 of Mg and 100 mg dm-3 of S. For the zero dose, the N in the maximum applied dose (200 mg dm-3) for plants of Cedro, Ipê-amarelo and Canafístula provided an increase of 6.4, 20.5 and 20.8% in MSPA. Rcspectively, the Mg in the maximum evaluated dose (240 mg dm-3) for seedlings of Ipê-amarelo and Canafístula provided an increment of 7.7 and 8.3% in MSPA, respectively, and S for the ipe scedlings. in the maximum evaluated dose (100 mg dm-3) provided an increase of 5.5% in the MSPA. The critical levels of N in the leaf tissues in Cedro plants, Canafístula and Ipê-amarelo, were 23.07, 20.61 and 22.68 g kg-1, and in the roots 10.83, 9.8 and 14. 19 g kg-1, respectively. The critical Mg levels in lhe leaf tissues in Canafístula and lpê-amareelo plants. were 0.96 and 1.76 g kg-1, and in the roots 0.57 and l.l9 g kg-1, respectively. The critical S levels in lpê-amarelo plants in the leaf tissues. were O.49 g kg-1 and 0.52 g kg-1 in the roots. The other nutrients did not show the recommended doses for the maximum production, justified probably by the presence of these nutrients in the substrate, near or above the critical level. ln general, the response of significant growth with the increase of N availabilíty is possibly Iinked to favorable conditions of leaching in the production of forest species grown in plastic tubes. For the advantage of the balance and availability of nutrients in the commercial substrate used, it is recommended the use of additional fertilization in Mg substrate for Canafístula and Ipê-amarelo, S for the lpê-amarelo and N for the three species. O bioma da Mata Atlântica tem sofrido um processo contínuo de devastação, com grandes consequências ecológicas e ambientais, e a principal forma de recomposição florestal é o plantio de mudas. A produção de mudas de espécies arbóreas nativas da Mata Atlântica, na Usina Hidrelétrica de Itaipu Binacional tem o objetivo de reflorestar a mata ciliar do lago de Itaipu, e constituir o Corredor Biológico que interligará grandes áreas de mata protegida no Brasil, Paraguai e Argentina. Este empreendimento é considerado pela UNESCO um dos maiores projetos de conservação ambiental do mundo e inclui o Parque Estadual do Morro do Diabo, no extremo oeste de São Paulo; o Parque Nacional de Iguaçu, entre Paraná e Mato Grosso do Sul; as faixas verdes em torno do reservatório da usina de Itaipu; o Parque Nacional do Iguaçu e o de Iguazú, na Argentina; e o Parque Estadual do Turvo, no Rio Grande do Sul. Na produção de mudas, os hortos da empresa utilizam substrato comercial e tubete de 115 cm3 de capacidade. Os experimentos conduzidos em casa de vegetação do Departamento de Solos da Universidade Federal de Viçosa objetivaram avaliar os efeitos de doses dos macronutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S). sobre o crescimento de Cedrella fissilis Vellozo (Cedro), Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub (Canafístula) e Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) Níchols. (lpê-amarelo), produzidas em tubete e substrato. As plântulas após aproximadamente 90 dias de emergência receberam cinco doses de cada macronutriente via aplicação em cobertura. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, sendo três espécies, cinco doses, seis nutrientes, com cinco repetições com quatro plantas cada, totalizando 90 tratamentos e 1800 plantas. Após 140 dias, foi avaliado para cada espécie o número de folhas, hastes, diâmetro do colo e altura, e determinado a matéria seca total e subdividida em folha, caule, parte aérea (MSPA), de raízes, a relação da massa seca da parte aérea com a raiz. Foram avaliados ainda os teores de N, P, K. Ca. Mg e S nas folhas e raízes. O aumento das doses de N proporcionou o crescimento significativo para as três espécies avaliadas. O aumento das doses de Mg influenciou as características de crescimento significativamente nas plantas de canafístula e Ipê-amarelo. O aumento das doses de S favoreceu os incrementos nas características de crescimento das plantas de Ipê-amarelo, para a produção máxima foram da ordem de 200 mg dm-3 de N, 240 mg dm-3 de Mg e 100 mg de de S. Em relação a dose zero, o N na máxima dose aplicada (200 mg dm-3), para as plantas de Cedro, Canafístula e Ipê-amarelo, proporcionou um incremento de 6,4, 20,5 e 20,8 % na MSPAA respectivamente; 0 Mg na dose máxima avaliada (24O mg dm-3), para as mudas de Canafístula e Ipê-amarelo proporcionou um incremento de 7,7 e 8,3 % na MSPA, respectivamente e o S para as mudas de Ipê-amarelo, na dose máxima avaliada (100 mg dm-3 ), proporcionou um incremento de 5.5 % na MSPA. Os teores críticos de N nos tecidos foliares nas plantas de Cedro, Canafístula e Ipé-amarelo, foram de 23,07, 20,61 e 22,68 g kg-1, e nas raízes 10,83, 9,8 e 14,19 g kg-1, respectivamente. Os teores críticos de Mg nos tecidos foliares nas plantas de Canafístula e Ipê-amarelo, foram de 0.96 e I,76 g kg-1, e nas raízes 0,57 e l,l9 g kg-1, respectivamente. Os teores críticos de S nas plantas de Ipê-amarelo, nos tecidos foliares, foram de 0,49 g kg-1 e 0.52 g kg-1 nas raízes. Os demais nutrientes não apresentaram as doses recomendadas para a produção máxima, justificado, provavelmente pela presença destes nutrientes no substrato, próximo ou acima do nível crítico. Em geral a resposta de crescimento significativo com o aumento da disponibilidade de N, possivelmente está ligada as condições favoráveis de lixiviação na produção de espécies florestais produzidas cm tubetes. Para o favorecimento do equilíbrio e disponibilidade de nutrientes no substrato comercial utilizado, é recomendado o uso de adubação complementar em substrato de Mg, para a Canafístula e Ipê-amarelo, de S para o Ipê-amarelo e de N para as três espécies.

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Wang, Wei-Ren, and 王偉任. "Orchid Seedling Quality Grading System." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wrdk78.

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碩士 國立中山大學 資訊工程學系研究所 106 Taiwan''s flower industry focuses on Phalaenopsis, and its trade is exported to Europe, the United States, Japan and mainland China. In 2016, Phalaenopsis''s export value exceeded US$170 million, accounting for about 90% of the total flower sales. Taiwan''s Phalaenopsis industry has the advantages of breeding and masters the cultivation techniques of tissue culture. In 2004, Phalaenopsis was selected as one of Taiwan''s four flagship agricultural products. In 2008, it became the third largest export agricultural product. In addition to increasing import and export momentum, it is also a major contributor to the promotion of international image. The production of Phalaenopsis seedlings before export packaging is very important, and they are graded after manual inspection of products, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and cannot be standardized. The grading of orchid seedlings can be improved by visualizing the number and size of the leaves, the thickness and number of the gas roots, and whether there are dark spots, which are time-consuming and labor-intensive. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the leaf size and root density using automated methods to achieve the screening criteria for orchid seedling quality. Leaf size analysis through frontal image acquisition, image enhancement and background removal, Otsu 2 quality, flower pot identification area search and removal, blade corner search and cutting individual leaves, and finally color display according to the judgment size standard; root density analysis takes images from six angles, and then performs image enhancement, edge sharpening and corner detection, enhanced original image overlay corners for conditional processing, similar pixel processing and object screening, root image rendering to enhanced images and cutting, The picture obtained by the processing of the six angles is spliced, and finally the part of the soil is occluded for growth to obtain the root result. Through the analysis of the leaf size and root density of this study, the target shipping standards were selected to save labor costs and save labor, and the international competitiveness of the orchid industry was increased.

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Birchler, Todd M. "Fall fertilization effects on Douglas-fir seedling quality /." 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/10446.

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Cherng, Hsin-Jiun, and 程新珺. "Influence of seedling age and plug size on maturity and seedling quality of onion (Allium cepa L.)." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74116980655299060109.

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碩士 國立中興大學 園藝學系 82 Onion seedlings raised in plug had larger size and better recovery after transplanting than control of seedlings grown in in field for 45 days. Bulb yield and uniformity of Granex 429 are improved by plug seedlings. Days to bulb onset are five days earlier in plug seedlings of Granex 429 than controls. Leaf weight ratio data showed plug seedling could shorten the days to harvest of Granex 429, but not for Superex. There is no signific- ant difference in earlyness and yield of Superex between seedling either raised in plugs or field, but plug seedling had higher percentage of bigger bulbs. Older plug seedlings had bigger size during nursery stage and after transplanting, but young seedlings were better in recovery . At harvest, 45 days old plug seedlings showed earlier maturity and less total yield than 55 days old seedlings in culitivar Granex 429 and Grano 502, but not significant in Superex. Science root development are restricted by plug size, seedlings raised in small plugs are smaller than raised in bigger plugs. Growth restricting is shown at the 45 to 55 days of 128 and 288 cells plug and three weeks in plug of 406 cells. No significant difference is observed between seedlings in 128, 200 and 406 plugs on maturity, yield, uniformity and quality of bulbs. Cannonical varables of onion seedling are consist of 10 characters ie. leaf fresh weight, root dry weight, leaf number, leaf length, root number, root number, root length, length of pseudostem, diameter of pseudostem, bulb ratio and seedling growth rate. The cannonical correlation coefficient between general plant size index, root size index and their paired cannonical variables described that the early stage of transplant -ing and bulbing are 0.9634 and 0.7084, the coefficient of determinate are 0.9282 and 0.5018 respectively. Theses two index could quantify and compare the quality of onion seedlings.

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Guei, Robert Gouantoueu. "Seedling evaluation of grain quality responses and drought tolerance in maize." 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/22238.

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Kuo, Wen-Chieh, and 郭文杰. "Vision System for Morphlogical Characteristics Measurements Related to Cabbage Seedling Quality." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68534153970783071626.

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碩士 國立臺灣大學 農業機械工程學系 84 An intelligent machine vision system was developed for grading cabbage seedling by non-destructively measuring morphological characteristics related to cabbage seedling quality in order to meet the needs for objective quality control. In this study, an automatic system was set up, which consists of illuminating chamber, computer communication, rotation mechanism, image acquiring and control system for grabbing top and side images of cabbage seedlings. Automatic image-processing algorithms were also developed to identify features and properties of seedlings, such as stalk height, hypocotyle length, stem diameter, span, averaged leaf-length, averaged leaf-width, averaged leaf-area, leaf fresh weight, fresh weight and dry weight without roots. The averaged errors for predicting above mentioned seedling features by using the algorithms developed were ranged from 10% to 25%. Statistical analyses were performed to find the relationships between the measured properties and the experts' grade scores of seedlings, the determinants coefficients of the regression for three experiments were 0.850, 0.842, and 0.788 respectively while 0.597 for pooled data of three experiments. From data of three experiments carried out between January 1996 to May 1996, it was found that the dry weight, fresh weight and stem diameter were the most important properties related to seedling qualities which determined by human experts. The scores predicted by substituting image measured characteristics into the regression equation show good agreements which human experts with 76.7% accuracy in half-grade accuracy, rms deviation of 0.434.

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Ke, Hong-Ru, and 柯虹如. "Effects of seeding density and seedling transplanting number on quality of rice." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56085439432764421123.

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碩士 國立嘉義大學 農學研究所 97 This study is to determine the best seeding density and seedlings per hill of paddy rice (Oryza sativa). The seedling fray apply to current mechanical transplanting of paddy rice seedling was utilized in this test. Each seedling fray used different planting densities with 200g, 250g, 300g, 350g respectively. We planted for single, triple and mechanical transplanting seedlings for multeity, then observing the brown rice quality. It showed the less seedling density had better sound kernels, immature kernels, damaged kernels, discolored kernels and dead kernels than others in the first crop and second crop. Comparison between the three seedling transplants, mechanical transplanting seedlings has the highest sound kernels, immature kernels, damaged kernels, discolored kernels and dead kernels, followed by the triple thansplant seedling, and the triple thansplant seedling has lowest. Different seedling density of the brown rice quality of different different tillers have similar circumstances.b Main Stem has the highest sound kernels, immature kernels, damaged kernels, discolored kernels and dead kernels, followed by the primary tillers. Main Stem also has the lowest immature kernels, followed by the primary tillers.

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Nzanza, Bombiti. "Seedling quality, plant growth and fruit yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in response to Trichoderma harzianum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27737.

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Existing evidence suggested that nursery inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) could reduce deleterious effects of biotic and abiotic stresses and improve seedling quality, fruit yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). However, studies of their combined inoculation on seedling growth, fruit yield and quality of tomato plants are not well-documented. Experiments were carried out to investigate the combined effect of T. harzianum and AMF on tomato crop performance under various conditions. When combined with a T. harzianum and AMF mixture, seaweed extract from Ecklonia maxiama inhibited AMF root colonisation of tomato seedlings. Treating seedlings with a mixture of T. harzianum and AMF reduced the incidence of Verticillium wilt in tomato grown in a nethouse at early season, with negligible effect on fruit yield. Further investigations were initiated to find out whether T. harzianum and AMF were efficient when applied as a mixture or alone, at different inoculation times. Co-inoculation with T. harzianum and AMF (Glomus mosseae) improved seedling growth and development, except when both fungi were simultaneously applied two weeks after sowing. When the seedlings were allowed to grow up until full harvest in a greenhouse, both fungal inoculants increased total yield and marketable yield, but these increases were not significant. Furthermore, inoculation with AMF increased the percentage of extra-large fruit. Field experiments conducted under commercial tomato production confirmed greenhouse studies. Inoculation of tomato with T. harzianum and AMF, either alone or in combination increased early fruit yield (four first harvesting weeks). Throughout the studies, percentage AMF root colonisation in seedlings and plants remained low, despite nursery inoculation. Field experiments investigated the effects of AMF-inoculated transplants combined with biochar-amended soils on AMF root colonisation and their resultant effects on overall crop performance and microbial community structure. Biochar had no effect on AMF root colonisation, and also when combined with AMF, it had no influence on tomato productivity. Interestingly, biochar altered the fungal community while AMF might have influenced the bacterial community such as plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria, which are associated with improved plant growth, nutrient uptake and disease control in the rhizosphere. These benefits could contribute to improved yield and fruit quality. In conclusion, although the results were variable, there was a clear indication that T. harzianum and AMF can play an important role in tomato production. Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. Plant Production and Soil Science unrestricted

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Yu, Kuo-Hui, and 余國輝. "The Application of Effective Microorganisms to Improve Seedling Quality of Four Tree Species." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y25t9n.

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碩士 國立嘉義大學 森林暨自然資源研究所 97 Abstract The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of Effective Microorganisms (EM) on growth and physiological characteristics of Taiwan main afforestation green tree. The examine seedlings have: Koelreuteria formosana Hay., Zelkova serrata Thunb., Acacia confusa Merr. and Fraxinus insularis Hemsl. The growth period was separate with seedling and mature seedling, seeds treated with EM in seedling period, and soil treated with EM and Bokashi (a organic fertilizer ferment with EM). Plant treated with EM in mature seedling period, and also use the treated soil. The results showed that EM and Bokashi treatment were significantly enhanced in net height growth, net root collar diameter growth, total dry weight, leaf area, leaf number, chlorophyll concentrations and N, P, K, Ca, Mg element content. This study demonstrated that EM and Bokashi could improve medium of soil, and significantly enhanced growth, biomass, and physiological characteristics of the seedlings.

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Chen, Chang-Chang, and 陳昶璋. "The Effect of Light Quality on Morphology and Photosynthetic Physiology in Rice Seedling." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60563258906732268209.

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博士 國立臺灣大學 農藝學研究所 102 Our objective in this study was to evaluate the effect of light quality on the morphology and photosynthetic physiology of rice seedlings. We examined the growth, development, and metabolic responses of rice seedlings to varying light quality firstly. Seedlings were hydroponically cultured under red (R) light-emitting diodes (LED), green LED (G), blue LEDs (B), and red + blue LED (RB) inside growth chambers. Red light induced shoot elongation. B light inhibited shoot elongation and promoted health index values. B light also resulted in higher total protein content in tested leaves compared to RB. Blue light enhanced the effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII) and photochemical quenching (qP) while reducing non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in seedling leaves. The responses of rice seedlings to green and red light were quite similar. The anthocyanin content of seedling leaves was observed to be highest in RB but less so in R and B, the latter two being even lower than in G. Different wavelengths mediated the chlorophyll (Chl) a/b ratio of the leaves. Light quality influenced photosynthetic potential and nitrogen metabolism, which are related to water-use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen uptake. We further investigated the response of time-integrated WUE, 13C discrimination (Δ13C), and nitrogen uptake in hydroponic seedlings of rice grown under different light treatments with fluorescent light (FL) as the control. The WUE response was highest for seedlings grown under R light, then (in decreasing order) seedlings grown under G, RB, and B light. WUE had a significantly positive correlation with Δ13C except under FL light (P<0.01). Nitrogen content (%N) and δ15N values were used to estimate the effects of fertilizer uptake under different lighting conditions. The amount of N in seedlings derived from fertilizer (Nf) was highest under B light and lowest under R light. Therefore, we conclude that blue light may increase stomatal conductance and transpiration, decrease WUE, and promote root N uptake. The dynamics of Chl, biosynthetic intermediates (protoporphyrin IX, PPIX; magnesium protoporphyrin IX, MGPP; protochlorophyllide, Pchlide), degradation intermediates (chlorophyllide, Chlide; pheophytin, Phe; pheophorbide, Pho), and carotenoids (Car) in leaves of rice seedlings were also investigated. Lower levels of Chl and Car in leaves were observed under G lighting. Light quality did not mediate the mole percent of porphyrins in biosynthetic pathways. Lower Phe/Chlide ratios were observed under G and FL lighting conditions, indicating that green-enriched environments may up-regulate the Chlide degradation route in leaves. In order to clarify the effect of green light on the Chl degradation pathway, seedlings were grown under equal intensity (40 μmol m-2 s-1) of red and blue light with four levels of green light intensity (0, 20, 40, and 60 μmol m-2 s-1). Some morphological traits and photosynthetic physiology were also investigated at the same time. Sheaths of rice seedling leaves became elongated and leaves grew more erectly under red and blue light with increasing green light intensity. These morphological traits are known as shade avoidance symptoms (SAS). Lower Chl, decreasing &;#1060;PSII, and increasing NPQ were also observed under increasing green light intensity. Higher Chlide levels and lower Phe/Chlide ratios were observed under increases in green light intensity. These results indicated that green light induced SAS and mediated Chl degradation routes in rice seedlings.

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Turner, Jennifer R. "The effect of nursery cultural and handling techniques on Douglas-Fir seedling quality." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/11886.

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This study investigated the effects of nursery cultural regime on the quality of coastal Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) container seedlings. Douglas-Fir seedlings from Oregon and Vancouver Island provenances (i.e. populations) were lifted in the 1999/2000 winter on four dates, subjected to four cold storage lengths at a temperature of -2°C or +1°C, and thawed (-2°C storage only) for one or three weeks. The three-week thawing period decreased root growth capacity and chlorophyll fluorescence measures of initial survival potential below their quality thresholds. Degree-days to terminal bud break decreased with the later lift dates, longer storage lengths, and the longer thaw duration. Field survival and growth were high for all treatments tested. Only chlorophyll fluorescence was correlated with a field performance measure (relative height increment). Up to four blackout treatments that started on one of three dates in the summer of 2000 with 10 or 20 days between multiple blackouts were tested on Douglas-Fir seedlings from a Washington provenance. A Vancouver Island provenance, given a blackout dormancy induction regime commonly used at Pelton Reforestation, was also included for comparison. Increasing the number of blackout treatments resulted in lower caliper increment, lower days to terminal bud break in winter, and higher cold hardiness on October 12. Early blackout start dates decreased the overall height increment and root growth capacity. The Vancouver Island provenance developed cold hardiness later in the fall and lost cold hardiness sooner in early spring than did the Washington provenance. The normal lift/cold storage regime used by the nurseries does not adversely affect seedling quality. However, an extended thawing period upon cold storage removal or extended on-site storage is detrimental to seedling quality. Although measures of initial survival potential and dormancy were correlated with each other, only a weak correlation was found between initial survival potential and field performance under the field conditions in this study. Blackout regimes commonly used by British Columbia nurseries can decrease the RGC in late fall, cause quicker dormancy release and decrease the caliper.

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Hsieh, Kuang-Wen, and 謝廣文. "Development of Growth Model and Analysis of Environmental Conditions Influencing Cabbage Seedling Quality." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07492958725814297193.

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博士 國立臺灣大學 生物產業機電工程學研究所 90 Two major investigations of this dissertation were (1) to analyze the relationship between growth environmental factors and cabbage seedling quality by using fuzzy theory and error back-propagation neural network; and (2) to establish model, static and dynamic growth models for cabbage seedlings using error back-propagation neural network approach. In the firs t part, the fuzzy theory was utilized to analyze the relationship between cabbage seedling quality and growth environmental conditions, including air temperature and sunlight radiation. Membership functions and inference rules were constructed based on experts'' knowledge and farmers'' experiences. The result of simulation (seedling quality) was compared with the score based on the quality evaluation by experts; and the membership functions and inference rules were then modified. The best model developed in this study showed that the root mean square deviation (RMSD) of the seedling quality scores from the fuzzy simulation is 0.71 with the correlation coefficient of 0.86; the RMSD value is much less for the group with better seedling quality (RMSD = 0.54). An error back-propagation neural network (ANN) was further employed to analyze relevant data and develop a model for simulating the relationship between environmental factors and cabbage seedling quality. The neural network model used day temperature, daily water supply, average daily radiation, and growth stages (ten days per stage) as input parameters, with the output value representing the daily increase of dry matter weight. Simulation results, The historical factor (the previous daily increase of dry matter weight per plant) was further introduced as an input into dual-hidden-layer networks at the following stages to simulate the fact that seedling growth could be considered a cumulative result of previous stages, and results showed an average error below 10%, and determination coefficient above 0.98 in this part of the research. The presented ANN model could be of assistance for further investigations on growth modeling of cabbage seedlings. In the second part, error back propagation neural network with two hidden layers was employed to establish static and dynamic cabbage seedling growth model. The growth environmental conditions, including day temperature, daily water supply per plug tray, total daily radiation, three growth stages. The cubic spline function was used to obtain the seedling growth curve. In addition to growth environment variables, the average weight of dry matter per plant on the preceding day was included (as a historical factor of the learning process) as another input parameter of the error back propagation neural network while the average weight of dry matter per plant on the present day was the output parameter. The static growth model with recalling simulation was excellent since it had an error of 2.6% and determination coefficient of 0.99, but it was not suitable for practical applications. The static growth model with feedback simulation was unsatisfactory because it had an error larger than 16.5%. A feedback algorithm and dynamic strategies were integrated into the neural network to reflect the strong importance of daily historical memory in seedling growth. The dynamic growth model had effectively reduced the error to below 3.7% and a determination coefficient above 0.98. Thus, the dynamic growth model was suggested as the best model in this study for cabbage seedling, and could be applied to the practical seedling cultivation management through feedback control strategy. This model not only gave a clear view of production management toward seedling growth, but also provided a basis for better environmental and quality management strategies.

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Lee, Kuang-hsuan, and 李光軒. "Methods to Adjust Quality of Light and Their Effects on Boston Lettuce Seedling Production." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59175505593165885521.

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碩士 國立臺灣大學 農業機械工程學系 86 Plants need lighu to maintain alive. Besides the duration and amount of light, light quality is also important to plants. The so-called light quality means spectrum from light source. There are three light response directly related with plants growth and morphogenesis, they are: photosynthesis, photomorphogenesis and photoperiodism. The photon flux between 400 to 700nm are mainly responsible for photosynthesis; and red light(between 600 to 700nm) and far-red light(between 700 to 800nm) are mainly responsible for photomorphogenesis. Blue light(between 400 to 500nm) is also of interest of this study.

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Lee and 李光軒. "Methods to Adjust Quality of Light and Their Effects on Boston Lettuce Seedling Production." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18754393419551688172.

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Omi, Steven K. "Effects of fall lifting and long-term freezer storage on ponderosa pine seedling physiology and quality /." 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/11345.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Seedling quality'

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