Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Segment formy'

En étroite collaboration avec un autre doctorant Didier Gemmerle, notre travail de thèse traite de la reconstruction et de la modélisation d'objets à partir d'images de stéréovision trinoculaire. Les données de notre étude sont constituées d'une série d'images stéréoscopiques trinoculaires à niveaux de gris pris par les caméras du robot, la stratégie de ce dernier étant d'effectuer une révolution complète autour de chaque objet à modéliser. À partir de chacun de ces triplets, notre but est d'extraire un ensemble de primitives de modélisation, facettes et segments, puis de fusionner ces ensembles pour obtenir automatiquement le modèle 3D de l'objet. Notre système de modélisation se découpe en trois parties distinctes: le bas niveau, dont le rôle est d'extraire les primitives d'un triplet d'images. Ces primitives constituent la vue 3D. Le moyen niveau, effectuant l'appariement des primitives entre deux vues 3D consécutives. Le haut niveau, fusionnant les informations fournies par les bas et moyen niveaux et reconstruisant le modèle de l'objet. Ce manuscrit décrit la partie bas niveau de notre système. Les moyens et hauts niveaux sont décrits dans la thèse de D. Gemmerle intitulée: contributions à la modélisation d'objets polyédriques 3D: construction du modèle à partir de groupements perceptuels

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T18:55:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MONICA DAMOUS DUAILIBE.pdf: 759187 bytes, checksum: 71eff885f72709de471abf76b62b66f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-27<br>This dissertation presents a study on labor inspection carried out by the Ministry of Labor and Employment to reduce the level of informal employment in Brazil, focusing on the case of state of Maranhão in the present time. Specialized literature on formation and structuration of Brazilian´s labor market between the thirties and the nineties is reviewed, focusing on the following aspects: state intervention for the purpose of regulation of workplace relations, evolution of remuneratory patterns, impact of paid work force at the occupation´s overall and labor unions performance. It is analyzed the origin, dynamics and characteristics of informal work segment presence in the national productive structure. Then it is examined the labor conditions that emerge from the kind of small business and informal entrepreneurs this segment generates, which are not organized following the typical capitalistic way. A synthesis of the Maranhão´s economic history is then presented along with the current situation of labor market in Brazil and particularly of the northeastern state, through comparative analysis of figures on distribution of occupations among economic active population, formality labor level among paid work force and selfemployed workers, income levels and distribution of informal sector. The informality of employment relations presents three different contexts that need to be identified in order to reflect on efficiency and effectiveness of labor inspection work: the informal segment of productive structure, flexibilization and deregulation of the labor market´s regulatory framework and inefficiency and inadequacy of human natural resources as well as organizational conditions for the labor inspection activities development Regarding labor inspection as a policy, brief considerations will be taken on conditionalities of formulation and implementation of public policies in capitalists societies, determined by organic relation between state and capital. These conditionalities and the correlation of forces between workers and capitalists, regulated by the state, will generate a labor inspection that be or well or poorly organized, trained and equipped in order to fight informality on employment relations to ensure effectiveness of the employment protection norms.<br>Estudo sobre a atuação da Inspeção do Trabalho para a redução da informalidade nas relações de emprego no Brasil e, em especial, no Maranhão contemporâneo. Resgata-se parte da literatura especializada sobre a formação e estruturação do mercado de trabalho brasileiro, entre as décadas de 1930 a 1990, tendo como eixos analíticos: a intervenção do Estado na regulação do mercado de trabalho, a evolução do padrão remuneratório, a participação do trabalho assalariado no total das ocupações e a atuação dos sindicatos. Analisam-se a origem, a dinâmica e as características do segmento informal da estrutura produtiva, no qual se estabelecem pequenos negócios e produtores autônomos que não estão organizados em moldes tipicamente capitalistas e examinam-se as condições de trabalho prevalecentes. Apresenta-se uma síntese da trajetória recente da economia maranhense e da situação atual do mercado de trabalho no Brasil e no Maranhão, mediante a análise comparativa de indicadores sobre a distribuição ocupacional da população economicamente ativa, o grau de formalização dos assalariados e trabalhadores autônomos, os níveis de renda e a composição do segmento informal. A informalidade das relações de emprego apresenta três contextos originários, cuja identificação é necessária para a reflexão sobre a eficácia e efetividade da Inspeção do Trabalho para a sua redução: o segmento informal da estrutura produtiva, a flexibilização e desregulamentação do marco regulatório sobre o mercado de trabalho e a ineficiência e inadequação dos recursos materiais, humanos e das condições organizacionais para o desenvolvimento das ações de fiscalização. Considerando-se a Inspeção do Trabalho como uma política pública, tecem-se breves considerações sobre os condicionantes da formulação e implementação de políticas públicas nas sociedades capitalistas, determinados pela relação orgânica entre Estado e capital. No limite desses condicionantes, a correlação de forças entre trabalhadores e capitalistas, mediada pelo Estado, resulta em uma Inspeção do Trabalho mais ou menos organizada, capacitada e aparelhada para o enfrentamento da informalidade das relações de emprego e para a garantia da efetividade das normas de proteção do trabalho.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>This study was carried out in order to analyze the performance of segmented and non-segmented taper models in terms of estimates for trees profiles with 1, 2 and 3 shape change points in stems; to test the accuracy of estimates of stem profiles and commercial height based on an adjusting taper model with non-stratified data, stratified in classes of DBH (diameter at breast height) and stratified in classes of shape quotient; and to examine the influence of the results on the formulation of a classification table for wood assortments. The data to this study were measured in Pinus taeda L. stands from Klabin S.A. in Telêmaco Borba-PR. The sample trees grew up in stands managed to sawmill, with two thinnings and coppicing, plantation of 1.600 trees/ha, spacing of 2,50 x 2,50 m. Forty trees were cut down and cubed by the Smalian method in the following positions: 0,10, 0,30, 0,80, 1,30, and in each meter until the total height. In these positions, stem transversal slices were obtained to study the reconstruction of growth using dendrocronology and it generated a database of 649 trees aged between 8 and 30 years, among which the samples to this research were selected. Aiming at the best model to estimate the stem profiles, for all kinds of trees the non-segmented models were superior, the 5th degree polynomial showed a better performance and the Garay model presented the second best result. Considering the best method to illustrate the data, the stratification by classes of shape quotient was more accurate, emphasizing K0,7h and K0,5h classes. The assortments table proved that the higher the trees dimensions, the higher the possibility of obtaining more products and, consequently, the better the performance, with a lower residual value. The validation also showed the accuracy of the models adopted in the assortments table.<br>Este trabalho foi realizado com os objetivos de verificar tanto o desempenho de modelos de afilamento segmentados e não segmentados quanto às estimativas dos perfis de árvores com 1, 2 e 3 pontos de mudanças de forma nos fustes, quanto a acurácia das estimativas dos perfis dos fustes e alturas comerciais a partir de um modelo de afilamento ajustado com os dados não estratificados, estratificados em classes de dap (diâmetro à altura do peito) e estratificados em classes de quociente de forma. Propôs ainda, a comparação entre de um modelo de afilamento ajustado com os dados sem estratificação e estratificado por uma classe de quociente de forma para estimativa do volume total e desenvolvimento dos resultados destes estudos na construção de uma tabela de classificação de sortimentos de madeira. Os dados para o presente trabalho foram mensurados em povoamentos de Pinus taeda L., da Klabin S.A., em Telêmaco Borba-PR. As árvores amostradas cresceram em povoamentos manejados para serraria, com dois desbastes e corte raso, plantio de 1.600 árvores/ha, em espaçamento de 2,50 x 2,50 m. Quarenta árvores foram abatidas e cubadas pelo Método de Smalian, nas posições de: 0,10, 0,30, 0,80, 1,30, e de 1 em 1 metro até a altura total. Nessas posições, foram retiradas fatias transversais do fuste para fins de estudos de reconstituição do crescimento por dendrocronologia, gerando um banco de dados de 649 árvores com idades entre 8 e 30 anos, de onde foram selecionadas aquelas que fizeram parte dos bancos de dados para os estudos propostos. Na busca do melhor modelo para estimativa dos perfis dos fustes, para todos os tipos de árvores, os modelos não segmentados foram superiores, tendo o Polinômio do 5º grau o melhor desempenho e o modelo de Garay o segundo melhor resultado. Em relação ao melhor método para dispor os dados, a estratificação por classe de quociente de forma mostrou o maior ganho de precisão, tendo as classes de K0,7h e K0,5h maiores destaques. A tabela de sortimentos mostrou que, à medida que as árvores têm aumento em suas dimensões, passam a apresentar a possibilidade de retirada de mais produtos e conseqüentemente maior aproveitamento, com pequeno valor residual. As validações mostraram as boas precisões dos modelos usados para construção da tabela de sortimentos.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais<br>In this work we made a theoretical study of absorption line-shape of poly (pphenylene vinylene) (PPV). The model was applied in films processed by techniques: spin-coating (SC), layer-by-layer (LbL), and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB). The probability of electronic transitions was calculated based on the molecular model of excitons, Franck-Condon states, Gaussian distribution of non-entangled chains with conjugate degree n, semi-empirical parameterization of energy gap, electric dipole moment, and electron-vibrational mode coupling. Based on the approach of the energy gap functional dependence 1/n, the inclusion of the non-homogeneity energy dispersion 1/n2 is essential to obtain good experimental data agreement, mainly, where the absorption spectra display peaks width of about 65 meV. For unresolved absorption spectra, such as those observed for a large number of conjugated polymers processed via spin-coating technique, for example, the non-homogeneity energy dispersion parameterization is not significant. We develop a model to describe the possible chemical reactions of conversion of poly(xylyliden tetrahydrothiophenium chloride) (PTHT) monomers to PPV monomers and PPV monomers in others monomers of different degrees of conjugation. The dependence 1/n of the functional energy gap was compared with experimental data oligomers and calculations optimized geometry by Density Functional Theory (DFT). Effects of exciton confinement were considered in the transition dipole moment functional. Simulations to calculate the oscillator strength of the absorption spectra in PPV oligomers indicate that the HOMO-LUMO state prevails over other excited states. Results obtained from the use of the distribution of the random walk are as good as those achieved by the use of Gaussian distribution of conjugated segments in simulations of absorption spectra of the PPV. The use of transition dipole moment functional, which includes the effect of exciton confinement together with the distribution of the random walk provide good results in adjustments theoretical absorption spectra of PPV with more consistent physical parameters.<br>Nesse trabalho fizemos um estudo teórico da forma de linha de absorção do poli(p-fenileno vinileno) (PPV). O modelo foi aplicado em filmes processados pelas técnicas: spin-coating (SC), layer-by-layer (LbL) e Langmuir-Blodgett (LB). A probabilidade de transição eletrônica foi calculada com base no modelo do exciton molecular, estados de Franck-Condon, distribuição Gaussiana de cadeias não emaranhadas com grau de conjugação n, parametrização semi-empírica do gap de energia, do momento de dipolo elétrico e do acoplamento eletrônico vibracional. Baseamos na aproximação do funcional do gap de energia de dependência 1/n, a inclusão da dispersão de energia não homogênea 1/n2, que é essencial para se obter uma boa concordância com os dados experimentais, principalmente em casos, onde o espectro de absorção apresenta picos com largura de aproximadamente 65 meV. Em espectros de filmes pouco definidos, tais como os processados pela técnica spin-coating, a dispersão de energia não homogênea não é significativa. Desenvolvemos um modelo para descrever as possíveis reações químicas de conversão de monômeros de poli- (cloreto de xilideno tetrahidrotiofeno) (PTHT) em PPV e de monômeros de PPV em outros de diferentes graus de conjugação. A dependência 1/n do funcional do gap de energia foi comparada com dados experimentais de oligômeros de PPV e cálculos otimizados da geometria pela Teoria do Funcional da Densidade (DFT). Efeitos de confinamento de exciton foram considerados no funcional do momento de dipolo de transição eletrônica. Simulações feitas para calcular a força de oscilador no espectro de absorção em oligômeros de PPV indicam que o estado HOMO-LUMO prevalece sobre outros estados excitados. Resultados obtidos pelo uso da distribuição do passeio aleatório são tão bons quanto aos realizados pelo uso da distribuição Gaussiana de segmentos conjugados em simulações de espectros de absorção do PPV. O uso do funcional do momento de dipolo de transição, que inclui efeito de confinamento de excitons, junto com a distribuição do passeio aleatório propiciam bons resultados nos ajustes teóricos de espectros de absorção do PPV com parâmetros físicos mais consistentes.<br>Doutor em Física

Background: In a retrospective study, risk factors for complications after the bridging of mandibular defects using reconstruction plates were reviewed. Especially the loosening of the plate-screw-mandible complex should be analyzed with a finite element model in order to reduce plate complications in future. Patients and Methods: We examined 60 patients who underwent a treatment with reconstruction plates after tumor resection during a period of 10 years. The problem of screw loosening was additionally reviewed by means of a finite element study, and a model for the loosening process was developed. Results: Our postoperative examination showed that 26 patients suffered from complications that required an early removal of the plate. These complications were oral or extraoral plate exposures, the looseness of screws with or without plate displacement, and plate fractures. Thereby, we noticed that maxillary and mandibular areas of opposing teeth, the size of the mandible defect, and the crossing of the orofacial midline are all risk factors for plate complications. On the basis of the finite element model, a modified arrangement of the screws was derived. Hence, a new type of resection plate was established. Conclusions: By repositioning the screw holes along the long axis of the plate, the transition from tensile force to torque force of the screws in the screw-plate-bone complex can be minimized. Thereby, the complication of screw loosening will be considerably reduced<br>Hintergrund: In einer retrospektiven Studie wurden Risikofaktoren für Komplikationen nach Überbrückung von Unterkieferdefekten mit Rekonstruktionsplatten geprüft. Insbesondere die Lockerungsvorgänge des Schrauben- Platten-Unterkiefer-Verbundes sollten mit einer Finite- Elemente-Modellierung analysiert werden, um in Zukunft eine Reduzierung der Plattenkomplikationen erreichen zu können. Patienten und Methoden: Es wurden 60 Patienten untersucht, welche im Zeitraum von 10 Jahren im Rahmen von Tumoroperationen mit Rekonstruktionsplatten versorgt wurden. Das Problem der Lockerung der Plattenschrauben wurde zusätzlich mittels einer Finite-Elemente-Studie überprüft und ein Modell für den Lockerungsvorgang erarbeitet. Ergebnisse: Die Nachuntersuchungen ergaben, dass bei 26 Patienten die Platte wegen Komplikationen vorzeitig entfernt werden musste. Die Komplikationen traten als orale und extraorale Plattenfreilage, als Schraubenlockerung ohne oder mit Plattendislokationen und als Plattenbrüche auf. Dabei konnte festgestellt werden, dass bestehende Stützzonen des körpereigenen Restgebisses, die Größe des Unterkieferdefektes und dessen Mittellinienüberschreitung Risikofaktoren für Plattenkomplikationen darstellen. Anhand der Finite-Elemente-Modellierung wurde eine veränderte Schraubenanordnung abgeleitet. Daraus resultiert eine neue Form der Resektionsplatte. Schlussfolgerungen: Durch die Verschiebung der Schraubenlöcher aus der Längsachse der Platte kann der Übergang von der Zugbelastung zur Drehmomentbelastung der Schrauben im Schrauben-Platten-Knochen-Verbund der Platte minimiert werden. Dadurch werden Schraubenlockerungen als Komplikationen wesentlich seltener auftreten<br>Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich

Background: In a retrospective study, risk factors for complications after the bridging of mandibular defects using reconstruction plates were reviewed. Especially the loosening of the plate-screw-mandible complex should be analyzed with a finite element model in order to reduce plate complications in future. Patients and Methods: We examined 60 patients who underwent a treatment with reconstruction plates after tumor resection during a period of 10 years. The problem of screw loosening was additionally reviewed by means of a finite element study, and a model for the loosening process was developed. Results: Our postoperative examination showed that 26 patients suffered from complications that required an early removal of the plate. These complications were oral or extraoral plate exposures, the looseness of screws with or without plate displacement, and plate fractures. Thereby, we noticed that maxillary and mandibular areas of opposing teeth, the size of the mandible defect, and the crossing of the orofacial midline are all risk factors for plate complications. On the basis of the finite element model, a modified arrangement of the screws was derived. Hence, a new type of resection plate was established. Conclusions: By repositioning the screw holes along the long axis of the plate, the transition from tensile force to torque force of the screws in the screw-plate-bone complex can be minimized. Thereby, the complication of screw loosening will be considerably reduced.<br>Hintergrund: In einer retrospektiven Studie wurden Risikofaktoren für Komplikationen nach Überbrückung von Unterkieferdefekten mit Rekonstruktionsplatten geprüft. Insbesondere die Lockerungsvorgänge des Schrauben- Platten-Unterkiefer-Verbundes sollten mit einer Finite- Elemente-Modellierung analysiert werden, um in Zukunft eine Reduzierung der Plattenkomplikationen erreichen zu können. Patienten und Methoden: Es wurden 60 Patienten untersucht, welche im Zeitraum von 10 Jahren im Rahmen von Tumoroperationen mit Rekonstruktionsplatten versorgt wurden. Das Problem der Lockerung der Plattenschrauben wurde zusätzlich mittels einer Finite-Elemente-Studie überprüft und ein Modell für den Lockerungsvorgang erarbeitet. Ergebnisse: Die Nachuntersuchungen ergaben, dass bei 26 Patienten die Platte wegen Komplikationen vorzeitig entfernt werden musste. Die Komplikationen traten als orale und extraorale Plattenfreilage, als Schraubenlockerung ohne oder mit Plattendislokationen und als Plattenbrüche auf. Dabei konnte festgestellt werden, dass bestehende Stützzonen des körpereigenen Restgebisses, die Größe des Unterkieferdefektes und dessen Mittellinienüberschreitung Risikofaktoren für Plattenkomplikationen darstellen. Anhand der Finite-Elemente-Modellierung wurde eine veränderte Schraubenanordnung abgeleitet. Daraus resultiert eine neue Form der Resektionsplatte. Schlussfolgerungen: Durch die Verschiebung der Schraubenlöcher aus der Längsachse der Platte kann der Übergang von der Zugbelastung zur Drehmomentbelastung der Schrauben im Schrauben-Platten-Knochen-Verbund der Platte minimiert werden. Dadurch werden Schraubenlockerungen als Komplikationen wesentlich seltener auftreten.<br>Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:54:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HelianaBS_da_capa_ate_cap4.pdf: 2361373 bytes, checksum: 3e1e43e8ba1aadc274663b8b8e3de72f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-22<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico<br>The skin cancer is the most common of all cancers and the increase of its incidence must, in part, caused by the behavior of the people in relation to the exposition to the sun. In Brazil, the non-melanoma skin cancer is the most incident in the majority of the regions. The dermatoscopy and videodermatoscopy are the main types of examinations for the diagnosis of dermatological illnesses of the skin. The field that involves the use of computational tools to help or follow medical diagnosis in dermatological injuries is seen as very recent. Some methods had been proposed for automatic classification of pathology of the skin using images. The present work has the objective to present a new intelligent methodology for analysis and classification of skin cancer images, based on the techniques of digital processing of images for extraction of color characteristics, forms and texture, using Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) and learning techniques called Support Vector Machine (SVM). The Wavelet Packet Transform is applied for extraction of texture characteristics in the images. The WPT consists of a set of base functions that represents the image in different bands of frequency, each one with distinct resolutions corresponding to each scale. Moreover, the characteristics of color of the injury are also computed that are dependants of a visual context, influenced for the existing colors in its surround, and the attributes of form through the Fourier describers. The Support Vector Machine is used for the classification task, which is based on the minimization principles of the structural risk, coming from the statistical learning theory. The SVM has the objective to construct optimum hyperplanes that represent the separation between classes. The generated hyperplane is determined by a subset of the classes, called support vectors. For the used database in this work, the results had revealed a good performance getting a global rightness of 92,73% for melanoma, and 86% for non-melanoma and benign injuries. The extracted describers and the SVM classifier became a method capable to recognize and to classify the analyzed skin injuries<br>O c?ncer de pele ? o mais comum de todos os c?nceres e o aumento da sua incid?ncia deve-se, em parte, ao comportamento das pessoas em rela??o ? exposi??o ao sol. No Brasil, o c?ncer de pele n?o melanoma ? o mais incidente na maioria das regi?es. A dermatoscopia e ideodermatoscopia s?o os principais tipos de exames para o diagn?stico de doen?as da pele dermatol?gicas. O campo que envolve o uso de ferramentas computacionais para o aux?lio ou acompanhamento do diagn?stico m?dico em les?es dermatol?gicas ainda ? visto como muito recente. V?rios m?todos foram propostos para classifica??o autom?tica de patologias da pele utilizando imagens. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma nova metodologia inteligente para an?lise e classifica??o de imagens de c?ncer de pele, baseada nas t?cnicas de processamento digital de imagens para extra??o de caracter?sticas de cor, forma e textura, utilizando a Transformada Wavelet Packet (TWP) e a t?cnicas de aprendizado de m?quina denominada M?quina de Vetor de Suporte (SVM Support Vector Machine). A Transformada Wavelet Packet ? aplicada para extra??o de caracter?sticas de textura nas imagens. Esta consiste de um conjunto de fun??es base que representa a imagem em diferentes bandas de freq??ncia, cada uma com resolu??es distintas correspondente a cada escala. Al?m disso, s?o calculadas tamb?m as caracter?sticas de cor da les?o que s?o dependentes de um contexto visual, influenciada pelas cores existentes em sua volta, e os atributos de forma atrav?s dos descritores de Fourier. Para a tarefa de classifica??o ? utilizado a M?quina de Vetor de Suporte, que baseia-se nos princ?pios da minimiza??o do risco estrutural, proveniente da teoria do aprendizado estat?stico. A SVM tem como objetivo construir hiperplanos ?timos que apresentem a maior margem de separa??o entre classes. O hiperplano gerado ? determinado por um subconjunto dos pontos das classes, chamado vetores de suporte. Para o banco de dados utilizado neste trabalho, os resultados apresentaram um bom desempenho obtendo um acerto global de 92,73% para melanoma, e 86% para les?es n?o-melanoma e benigna. O potencial dos descritores extra?dos aliados ao classificador SVM tornou o m?todo capaz de reconhecer e classificar as les?es analisadas

Cognitive radio is a technology that aims to maximize the current usage of the licensed frequency spectrum. Cognitive radio aims to provide services for license-exempt users by making use of dynamic spectrum access (DSA) and opportunistic spectrum sharing strategies (OSS). Cognitive radios are defined as intelligent wireless devices capable of adapting their communication parameters in order to operate within underutilized bands while avoiding causing interference to licensed users. An underused band of frequencies in a specific location or time is known as a spectrum hole. Therefore, in order to locate spectrum holes, reliable spectrum sensing algorithms are crucial to facilitate the evolution of cognitive radio networks. Since a large and growing body of literature has mainly focused into the conventional time domain (TD) energy detector, throughout this thesis the problem of spectrum sensing is investigated within the context of a frequency domain (FD) approach. The purpose of this study is to investigate detection based on methods of nonparametric power spectrum estimation. The considered methods are the periodogram, Bartlett's method, Welch overlapped segments averaging (WOSA) and the Multitaper estimator (MTE). Another major motivation is that the MTE is strongly recommended for the application of cognitive radios. This study aims to derive the detector performance measures for each case. Another aim is to investigate and highlight the main differences between the TD and the FD approaches. The performance is addressed for independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh channels and the general Rician and Nakagami fading channels. For each of the investigated detectors, the analytical models are obtained by studying the characteristics of the Hermitian quadratic form representation of the decision statistic and the matrix of the Hermitian form is identified. The results of the study have revealed the high accuracy of the derived mathematical models. Moreover, it is found that the TD detector differs from the FD detector in a number of aspects. One principal and generalized conclusion is that all the investigated FD methods provide a reduced probability of false alarm when compared with the TD detector. Also, for the case of periodogram, the probability of sensing errors is independent of the length of observations, whereas in time domain the probability of false alarm is increased when the sample size increases. The probability of false alarm is further reduced when diversity reception is employed. Furthermore, compared to the periodogram, both Bartlett method and Welch method provide better performance in terms of lower probability of false alarm but an increased probability of detection for a given probability of false alarm. Also, the performance of both Bartlett's method and WOSA is sensitive to the number of segments, whereas WOSA is also sensitive to the overlapping factor. Finally, the performance of the MTE is dependent on the number of employed discrete prolate spheroidal (Slepian) sequences, and the MTE outperforms the periodogram, Bartlett's method and WOSA, as it provides the minimal probability of false alarm.

1 Abstract Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradci Králové Department of: Pharmaceutical Technology Consultant: doc. PharmDr. Zdeňka Šklubalová, Ph.D. Student: Lucie Pospěchová Title of Thesis: Dosage forms in therapy of posterior segments of the eye. Therapy of the posterior eye segments is very difficult. Because most of diseases of the posterior eye segments could lead to complete blindness, the research of dosage forms for the drug delivery into this eye part is intensively developing at this moment. The aim of this thesis is to provide a review of anatomical and physiological specifics of both- anterior and posterior segments of the eye. The most common diseases of the posterior eye are referred to, for example the age related macular degeneration and/or the cytomegalovirus retinitis. There are various routes of application and drug dosage forms that are used for the therapy and which are mentioned in this work, including the drug delivery and targeting systems.

3 Bibliografický záznam Stratilík, Ondřej: Transformace části domácí blogosféry z formy osobních záznamů do jednoho ze segmentů české žurnalistiky, Praha, Karlova Univerzita, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut komunikačních studií a žurnalistiky, 2011 Počet znaků: 121 023 Anotace: Má diplomová práce se prioritně zaměřuje na dnešní podobu a využití části blogů v rámci českého internetu. Zaměřuje se však i na jejich vývoj ve světě i v České republice, jejich autory, internetovou žurnalistiku, její amaterizaci a rozvoj blogů pod hlavičkou zavedených médií. Důležitým bodem je i spor klasických médií a takzvaných nových médií, za jejichž rozvojem stojí rozšíření internetu. Jak na tento fenomén klasická média zareagovala a jak se mu podřídila. Hlavním materiálem jsou výzkumy mezi českými novináři, firmami a administrátory blogů, které mají zjistit, zda se blogy v roce 2011 používají i jako zdroje informací, nástroje k firemní propagaci a PR a jak se vlastně z běžného uživatele internetu může stát bloger. Výzkumy tedy mají potvrdit či vyvrátit tezi, že blogy nepřinášejí témata vhodná už jen pro okruhu jejich stálých čtenářů a diskutérů, ale že jsou dostatečně atraktivní i pro redaktory českých médií, a stávají se tak součástí české žurnalistiky a mediálního trhu. Diplomová práce by měla dokázat a popsat proces, v...

碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>系統及船舶機電工程學系<br>104<br>Accurate estimation of the weight of a ship’s steel material at the initial design stage can enable the shipyard to approximate the ship’s construction cost, thereby improving its likelihood of signing a contract with the ship owner. The feature-based segment estimation (FSE) method, which is a method of estimating steel weight, can accurately estimate a ship’s weight by dividing it into various segments. However, the FSE method yields relatively large errors when used to estimate the weight of a ship with a forepeak, an aft peak and a deckhouse that vary considerably in size between their respective various sections. Therefore, to solve this problem, this study employs the FSE method in combination with the hull form feature. Previous studies have demonstrated that integration of the principal dimensions and the hull form at the initial design stage can improve the effectiveness of the preliminary ship design. Accordingly, in addition to the ship’s total length, width and depth and hull length, the hull form is included in the analysis parameters involved in the FSE method. The hull form is obtained from the longitudinal sectional area of the block arrangement and used as the characteristic parameter of the hull form to improve accuracy in estimating a hull that varies considerably in size between different sections. The hull form feature-based weight estimation results show that the FSE method combined with the hull form feature yields an estimation error of 3%, 5% and 5% for the forepeak, aft peak and deckhouse, respectively, compared to the estimation error of the original FSE method of 7%, 10% and 6%, respectively. This suggests that the use of the hull form feature can improve weight estimation. Finally, this study proposes a quick method for producing a rough general arrangement. A hull form feature similar to the estimation results can be extracted by putting the steel material weight estimation results into the hull form database. In this manner, the hull form required by the ship owner can be established in a timely fashion, providing the shipyard and the ship owner with a new reference for selecting the ship type and configuring the hull form at the initial design stage.

Eiselen (1932: 1) commented that the Black population of South Africa attached a particular religious value to the dolos art. He consequently collected some of the dolos sayings, but did not delve deeper into them. 1932 can hence be considered to be an important year with regard to this genre in the traditional literature of the Bapedi. The aim of this mini-dissertation is to investigate and discuss the design of the traditional dolos sayings in particular, because this research area in Sepedi literature has been neglected. In addition to a discussion of the dolos art, an attempt will be made to also find out what this form of art means to the people concerned. An adapted narratological model will be used for the interpretation of the various sayings; i.e. the content, the compilation and the meaning of the dolos sayings will be discussed. In an investigation of this kind, it is inevitable that attention will also be paid to the praise poem as a commendation. In this case, a distinction between the traditional and the modern forms of this genre is made of necessity. This distinction is based mainly on the fact that the modern praise poem sings the praise of present-day subjects, while kings, heroes, counsellor, animals, different kinds of objects and last but not least, dolosses are extolled in the traditional praise poem. A set of dolosses consists of 42 pieces, four of which are not only important but also indispensable in such a set. They are Moremogolo (male), Selomi (male), Mmakgadi (female) and Selomi (female). When the dolosses are thrown, they land in a specific way. This is called the landing of the dolosses, which is then interpreted and explained by the dolos master. Dolos sayings resort under the traditional praise poem as a separate genre. They are mainly short sayings and are not divided into stanzas. The verse form of the dolos saying by its nature differs from that of the European verse. The form of the dolos saying is, amongst other things, determined by the fact that these sayings never came into being in a written form; they were recitations. For the rest, those verse form principles that characterise them as verses, namely coordination and correspondence, are indeed applied by the reciter. The principle of coordination determines in this case that the caesura divides the dolos saying into 2 or 3 mutually dependent metrical units. The correspondence principle reconciles the various mutually dependent metrical units with one another through an equal number of syllable and length peaks plus the repetition of word stems or words. In the investigation, special attention was paid to the structuring of the dependent metrical units. When long measure repetition is investigated in the stanza of the traditional poem, it is indicated how this form of repetition in the metrical units brings about a solid unit through the repetition of a single word. This means that the lines of poetry inside the stanza are also bound together by this repetition. The important functions of repetition are emphasis and the reinforcement of the core information of the line being repeated. When dependent metrical units are repeated in the dolos saying, it is particularly the last line or a section thereof that is involved in this. At the same time it is a very important characteristic (resp.metre) of the dolos saying. Finally, linking is also looked at in so far as it brings about the second or subsequent line within the stanza.<br>Dissertation (MA (Sepedi))--University of Pretoria, 2007.<br>African Languages<br>unrestricted