Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Segmentation de maillage'
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Restrepo, Specht Juan Andrés. "Modelisation d'objets 3D par construction incrémentale d'un maillage triangulaire, dans un contexte robotique." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30015.
Full textThis work treats the modeling of 3D objects and environments from sensor data given by laser or stereo. The modeling process has several parts that have been studied. The acquired views of the object taken from different points are registered using the known “ICP” method, which has been adapted to specific needs and can use extracted information of the image like edge, surface or subsamples in order to reduce calculation time, in incremental or paired manner. The following step is the data fusion of the resulting registered images executed incrementally or at the end of the registration process. Our method was based on ``ball pivoting algorithm'', that has the features to mesh irregular points, to extract planes simultaneously and to recycle existing mesh structures. We have studied also the problem of the sensor position for the view acquisition, better known as ``next-best-view''. Finally we arrive to a set of tools to create a geometric model from an acquired object of the real world
Luo, Guoliang. "Segmentation de maillages dynamiques et son application pour le calcul de similarité." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAD026/document.
Full textWith an abundance of animation techniques available today, animated mesh has become a subject of various data processing techniques in Computer Graphics community, such as mesh segmentation and compression. Created from animation software or from motion capture data, a large portion of the animated meshes are deforming meshes, i.e. ordered sequences of static meshes whose topology is fixed (fixed number of vertices and fixed connectivity). Although a great deal of research on static meshes has been reported in the last two decades, the analysis, retrieval or compressions of deforming meshes remain as new research challenges. Such tasks require efficient representations of animated meshes, such as segmentation. Several spatial segmentation methods based on the movements of each vertex, or each triangle, have been presented in existing works that partition a given deforming mesh into rigid components. In this thesis, we present segmentation techniques that compute the temporal and spatio-temporal segmentation for deforming meshes, which both have not been studied before. We further extend the segmentation results towards the application of motion similarity measurement between deforming meshes. This may be significant as it solves the problem that cannot be handled by current approaches
RESTREPO, SPECHT Juan Andres. "Modélisation d'objets 3D par construction incrémentale d'un maillage triangulaire, dans un contexte robotique." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009525.
Full textDelest, Sébastien. "Segmentation de maillages 3D à l'aide de méthodes basées sur la ligne de partage des eaux." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00211378.
Full textNous proposons dans un premier temps une étude assez large des méthodes de segmentation de maillages polygonaux. Nous abordons les algorithmes pour les deux principales familles de méthodes que sont la segmentation en carreaux surfaciques et la segmentation en parties significatives. Nous avons concentré nos travaux sur la ligne de partage des eaux (LPE) et formulé des propositions originales pour la fonction de hauteur de la LPE et des stratégies pour limiter la sur-segmentation que produit naturellement la LPE.
Velut, Jérôme. "Segmentation par modèle déformable surfacique localement régularisé par spline lissante." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00262088.
Full textVidal, Vincent. "Développement de modèles graphiques probabilistes pour analyser et remailler les maillages triangulaires 2-variétés." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00708530.
Full textHassan, Sahar. "Intégration de connaissances anatomiques a priori dans des modèles géométriques." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00607260.
Full textRedolfi, Alberto. "E-infrastructure, segmentation du cortex, environnement de contrôle qualité : un fil rouge pour les neuroscientifiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS191/document.
Full textNeuroscience entered the “big data” era. Individual desktop computers are no longer suitable to analyse terabyte, and potentially petabytes, of brain images. To fill in the gap between data acquisition and information extraction, e-infrastructures are being developing in North America, Canada, and Europe. E-infrastructures allow neuroscientists to conduct neuroimaging experiments using dedicated computational resources such as grids, high-performance computing (HPC) systems, and public/private clouds. Today, e-infrastructures are the most advanced and the best equipped systems to support the creation of advanced multimodal and multiscale models of the AD brain (chapter 2) or to validate promising imaging biomarkers with sophisticated pipelines, as for cortical thickness, (chapter 3). Indeed, imaging analyses such as those described in chapter 2 and 3 expand the amount of post-processed data per single study. In order to cope with the huge amount of post-processing data generated via e-infrastructures, an automatic quality control environment (QCE) of the cortical delineation algorithms is proposed (chapter 4). QCE is a machine learning (ML) classifier with a supervised learning approach based on Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) estimators. Given its scalability and efficacy, QCE fits well in the e-infrastructures under development, where this kind of sanity check service is still lacking. QCE represents a unique opportunity to process data more easily and quickly, allowing neuroscientists to spend their valuable time do data analysis instead of using their resources in manual quality control work
Galdames, Grunberg Francisco Jose. "Segmentation d'images IRM du cerveau pour la construction d'un modèle anatomique destiné à la simulation bio-mécanique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00747448.
Full textQuinto, Michele Arcangelo. "Méthode de reconstruction adaptive en tomographie par rayons X : optimisation sur architectures parallèles de type GPU." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT109/document.
Full textTomography reconstruction from projections data is an inverse problem widely used inthe medical imaging field. With sufficiently large number of projections over the requiredangle, the FBP (filtered backprojection) algorithms allow fast and accurate reconstructions.However in the cases of limited views (lose dose imaging) and/or limited angle (specificconstrains of the setup), the data available for inversion are not complete, the problembecomes more ill-conditioned, and the results show significant artifacts. In these situations,an alternative approach of reconstruction, based on a discrete model of the problem,consists in using an iterative algorithm or a statistical modelisation of the problem to computean estimate of the unknown object. These methods are classicaly based on a volumediscretization into a set of voxels and provide 3D maps of densities. Computation time andmemory storage are their main disadvantages. Moreover, whatever the application, thevolumes are segmented for a quantitative analysis. Numerous methods of segmentationwith different interpretations of the contours and various minimized energy functionalare offered, and the results can depend on their use.This thesis presents a novel approach of tomographic reconstruction simultaneouslyto segmentation of the different materials of the object. The process of reconstruction isno more based on a regular grid of pixels (resp. voxel) but on a mesh composed of nonregular triangles (resp. tetraedra) adapted to the shape of the studied object. After aninitialization step, the method runs into three main steps: reconstruction, segmentationand adaptation of the mesh, that iteratively alternate until convergence. Iterative algorithmsof reconstruction used in a conventionnal way have been adapted and optimizedto be performed on irregular grids of triangular or tetraedric elements. For segmentation,two methods, one based on a parametric approach (snake) and the other on a geometricapproach (level set) have been implemented to consider mono and multi materials objects.The adaptation of the mesh to the content of the estimated image is based on the previoussegmented contours that makes the mesh progressively coarse from the edges to thelimits of the domain of reconstruction. At the end of the process, the result is a classicaltomographic image in gray levels, but whose representation by an adaptive mesh toits content provide a correspoonding segmentation. The results show that the methodprovides reliable reconstruction and leads to drastically decrease the memory storage. Inthis context, the operators of projection have been implemented on parallel archituecturecalled GPU. A first 2D version shows the feasability of the full process, and an optimizedversion of the 3D operators provides more efficent compoutations
Galdames, Francisco José. "Segmentation d'images IRM du cerveau pour la construction d'un modèle anatomique destiné à la simulation bio-mécanique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENS007/document.
Full textThe general problem that motivates the work developed in this thesis is: how to obtain anatomical information during a neurosurgery?. Magnetic Resonance (MR) images are usually acquired before the surgery to provide anatomical information for diagnosis and planning. Also, the same images are commonly used during the surgery, because to acquire MRI images in the operating room is complex and expensive. To make these images useful inside the operating room, a registration between them and the patient's position has to be processed. The problem is that the brain suffers deformations during the surgery, in a process called brain shift, degrading the quality of registration. To correct this, intra-operative information may be used, for example, the position of the brain surface or US images localized in 3D. The new registration will compensate this problem, but only to a certain extent. Mechanical models of the brain have been developed as a solution to improve this registration. They allow to estimate brain deformation under certain boundary conditions. In the literature, there are a variety of methods for implementing these models, different equation laws used for continuum mechanic, and different reported mechanical properties of the tissues. However, a patient specific anatomical model is always required. Currently, most mechanical models obtain the associated anatomical model by manual or semi-manual segmentation. The aim of this thesis is to propose and implement an automatic method to obtain a model of the brain fitted to the patient's anatomy and suitable for mechanical modeling. The implemented method uses deformable model techniques to segment the most relevant anatomical structures for mechanical modeling. Indeed, the internal membranes of the brain are included: falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli. Even though the importance of these structures is stated in the literature, only a few of publications include them in the model. The segmentation obtained by our method is assessed using the most used online databases. In addition, a 3D model is constructed to validate the usability of the anatomical model in a Finite Element Method (FEM). And the importance of the internal membranes and the variation of the mechanical parameters is studied
Blanpain, Baptiste. "Vers un calcul en temps réel de la dose dans un fantôme segmenté en mailles homogènes." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00452891.
Full textElghoul, Esma. "Segmentation de maillages 3D par l'exemple." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0051/document.
Full textIn this dissertation, we present a new method to segment 3D models into their functional parts. The segmentation is performed by a transfer approach: a semantic-oriented segmentation of an object is calculated using a pre-segmented example model from the same class (chairs, humans, etc.). To this end, we adapted and extended the random walk segmentation method which allowed us to transform our problem into a problem of locating and matching seed faces. Our method consists of four fundamental steps: establishing correspondences between the example and the target model, localizing seeds to initialize regions in the target model, computing the segments and refining their boundaries in the target model. We decomposed our approach in two, taking into account similarity criteria which differ regarding the object type (rigid vs. articulated). The first approach is dedicated to rigid objects (chairs, airplanes, etc.), where the matching is based on rigid transformations to determine the best alignment between the functional parts of the compared objects. The second one focused on articulated objects (humans, quadrupeds, etc.), where coarse topological shape attributes are used in a skeleton-based approach to cover larger pose variations when computing correspondences between functional parts. We show through qualitative and quantitative evaluations that our method improves upon individual segmentation techniques and obtains results that are close to the co-segmentation techniques results with an important calculation time reduction
Leonardi, Valentin. "Modélisation dynamique et suivi de tumeur dans le volume rénal." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4056/document.
Full textThis Ph.D. thesis deals with the 3D dynamic modeling of the kidney and tracking a tumor of this organ. It is in line with the KiTT project (Kidney Tumor Tracking) which gathers researchers from different fileds: geometric modeling, radiology and urology. This work arised from the tendency of nowadays surgical gestures to be less and less invasive (HIFU, coelioscopy). Its goal is to result in a totally non-invasive protocol of kidney tumors eradication by transmitting ultrasound waves through the skin without breaking in it. As the kidney presents motions and deformations during the breathing phase, the main issue is to know the kidney and tumor positions at any time in order to adjust the waves accordingly
Li, Ting. "Contributions to Mean Shift filtering and segmentation : Application to MRI ischemic data." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00768315.
Full textArcila, Romain. "Séquences de maillages : classification et méthodes de segmentation." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653542.
Full textMontagnat, Johan. "Segmentation d'image médicales volumiques à l'aide de maillages déformables contraints." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00691915.
Full textFang, Hao. "Modélisation géométrique à différent niveau de détails d'objets fabriqués par l'homme." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4002/document.
Full textGeometric modeling of man-made objects from 3D data is one of the biggest challenges in Computer Vision and Computer Graphics. The long term goal is to generate a CAD-style model in an as-automatic-as-possible way. To achieve this goal, difficult issues have to be addressed including (i) the scalability of the modeling process with respect to massive input data, (ii) the robustness of the methodology to various defect-laden input measurements, and (iii) the geometric quality of output models. Existing methods work well to recover the surface of free-form objects. However, in case of manmade objects, it is difficult to produce results that approach the quality of high-structured representations as CAD models.In this thesis, we present a series of contributions to the field. First, we propose a classification method based on deep learning to distinguish objects from raw 3D point cloud. Second, we propose an algorithm to detect planar primitives in 3D data at different level of abstraction. Finally, we propose a mechanism to assemble planar primitives into compact polygonal meshes. These contributions are complementary and can be used sequentially to reconstruct city models at various level-of-details from airborne 3D data. We illustrate the robustness, scalability and efficiency of our methods on both laser and multi-view stereo data composed of man-made objects
Lachaud, Jacques-Olivier. "Extraction de surfaces à partir d'images tridimensionnelles : approche discrète et approche par modèle déformable." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004892.
Full textMeghoufel, Brahim. "Reconstruction 3D des structures adjacentes de l'articulation de la hanche par une segmentation multi-structures à l'aide des maillages surfaciques triangulaires[ressource électronique]." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2013. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1184/1/MEGHOUFEL_Brahim.pdf.
Full textChaumont, Marc. "Représentation en objets vidéo pour un codage progressif et concurrentiel des séquences d'images." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004146.
Full textBenhabiles, Halim. "3D-mesh segmentation : automatic evaluation and a new learning-based method." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00834344.
Full textVandeborre, Jean-Philippe. "Contributions à la recherche et à l'analyse de modèles 3D." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00834372.
Full textRoudet, Céline. "Compression adaptative de surfaces par ondelettes géométriques." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00589400.
Full textDigne, Julie. "Inverse geometry : from the raw point cloud to the 3d surface : theory and algorithms." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00610432.
Full textLi, Thing. "Contributions to Mean Shift filtering and segmentation : Application to MRI ischemic data." Thesis, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAL0030/document.
Full textMedical studies increasingly use multi-modality imaging, producing multidimensional data that bring additional information that are also challenging to process and interpret. As an example, for predicting salvageable tissue, ischemic studies in which combinations of different multiple MRI imaging modalities (DWI, PWI) are used produced more conclusive results than studies made using a single modality. However, the multi-modality approach necessitates the use of more advanced algorithms to perform otherwise regular image processing tasks such as filtering, segmentation and clustering. A robust method for addressing the problems associated with processing data obtained from multi-modality imaging is Mean Shift which is based on feature space analysis and on non-parametric kernel density estimation and can be used for multi-dimensional filtering, segmentation and clustering. In this thesis, we sought to optimize the mean shift process by analyzing the factors that influence it and optimizing its parameters. We examine the effect of noise in processing the feature space and how Mean Shift can be tuned for optimal de-noising and also to reduce blurring. The large success of Mean Shift is mainly due to the intuitive tuning of bandwidth parameters which describe the scale at which features are analyzed. Based on univariate Plug-In (PI) bandwidth selectors of kernel density estimation, we propose the bandwidth matrix estimation method based on multi-variate PI for Mean Shift filtering. We study the interest of using diagonal and full bandwidth matrix with experiment on synthesized and natural images. We propose a new and automatic volume-based segmentation framework which combines Mean Shift filtering and Region Growing segmentation as well as Probability Map optimization. The framework is developed using synthesized MRI images as test data and yielded a perfect segmentation with DICE similarity measurement values reaching the highest value of 1. Testing is then extended to real MRI data obtained from animals and patients with the aim of predicting the evolution of the ischemic penumbra several days following the onset of ischemia using only information obtained from the very first scan. The results obtained are an average DICE of 0.8 for the animal MRI image scans and 0.53 for the patients MRI image scans; the reference images for both cases are manually segmented by a team of expert medical staff. In addition, the most relevant combination of parameters for the MRI modalities is determined