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Journal articles on the topic 'Segregation – United States – History'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gonzelez-Jimenez, Mario. "Elmer Imes, Black History of the United States and Spectroscopy." Bulletin for the History of Chemistry 50, no. 1 (2025): 28–36. https://doi.org/10.70359/bhc2025v050p028.

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Elmer Imes (1883-1941) measured for the first time the infrared spectrum of hydrogen chloride. His results ended the debate on the quantization of molecular motions. However, despite the recognition he achieved for it, his scientific career was altered by the barriers faced by African-American citizens in the Jim Crow-era United States. This article explores Imes's biography and the influence of his work, showing how both reflect the lives of those who suffered from segregation and racism daily.

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Shearston, Jenni, Xiaorong Shan, Lucas Henneman, et al. "A HISTORY OF ENVIRONMENTAL INJUSTICE: SEGREGATION AND AIR POLLUTION IN 1940 AND 2010 IN THE UNITED STATES." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 536. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.1754.

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Abstract Air pollution is inequitably distributed across the United States, whereby minoritized racial/ethnic groups have greater exposure and consequent health effects. To understand present-day disparities, it is important to understand changes over time. We compared relationships between county-level air pollution and segregation in 1940 and present-day (2010). We calculated segregation as the Dissimilarity Index (Black vs non-Hispanic white population) using Census data. We evaluated three air pollution emission sources: oil/gas well locations (Enverus), fossil fuel powerplant locations (E

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Eriksson, Katherine, and Zachary Ward. "The Residential Segregation of Immigrants in the United States from 1850 to 1940." Journal of Economic History 79, no. 4 (2019): 989–1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050719000536.

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We provide the first estimates of immigrant residential segregation between 1850 and 1940 that cover the entire United States and are consistent across time and space. To do so, we adapt the Logan–Parman method to immigrants by measuring segregation based on the nativity of the next-door neighbor. In addition to providing a consistent measure of segregation, we also document new patterns such as high levels of segregation in rural areas, in small factory towns and for non-European sources. Early twentieth-century immigrants spatially assimilated at a slow rate, leaving immigrants’ lived experi

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McGrew, Teron. "The History of Residential Segregation in the United States and Title VIII." Black Scholar 27, no. 2 (1997): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00064246.1997.11430856.

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Saff, Grant. "Residential Segregation in South Africa and the United States." Safundi 3, no. 1 (2002): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17533170200803108.

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Levison, Julie H. "Beyond quarantine: a history of leprosy in Puerto Rico, 1898-1930s." História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 10, suppl 1 (2003): 225–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702003000400011.

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From biblical times to the modern period, leprosy has been a disease associated with stigma. This mark of disgrace, physically present in the sufferers' sores and disfigured limbs, and embodied in the identity of a 'leper', has cast leprosy into the shadows of society. This paper draws on primary sources, written in Spanish, to reconstruct the social history of leprosy in Puerto Rico when the United States annexed this island in 1898. The public health policies that developed over the period of 1898 to the 1930s were unique to Puerto Rico because of the interplay between political events, scie

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Weyeneth, Robert R. "The Architecture of Racial Segregation: The Challenges of Preserving the Problematical Past." Public Historian 27, no. 4 (2005): 11–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2005.27.4.11.

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The article examines racial segregation as a spatial system and proposes a conceptual framework for assessing its significance. It analyzes how the ideology of white supremacy influenced design form in the United States and how Jim Crow architecture appeared on the landscape. For African Americans, the settings for everyday life were not simply the confines of this imposed architecture; the article analyzes responses such as the construction of alternative spaces. The discussion concludes by considering the architecture of segregation from the perspective of historic preservation.

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Hood, Stafford. "Continuing the Exploration of African Americans in the Early History of Evaluation in the United States." American Journal of Evaluation 38, no. 2 (2017): 262–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098214017695482.

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This article, based on the remarks delivered by the author at the Eleanor Chelimsky forum at the Eastern Evaluation Research Society annual conference in 2016, discusses Ambrose Caliver, an evaluator of color who worked for the federal government during segregation. Caliver’s history is an important contribution to the evaluation tree. This article discusses Caliver’s contribution to our field and the importance of recognizing people of color within the history of evaluation.

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Monti, Daniel J., Elizabeth Huttman, Juliet Saltman, and Wim Blauw. "Urban Housing Segregation of Minorities in Western Europe and the United States." Social Forces 70, no. 4 (1992): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2580234.

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Fantz, Paul R., Dennis Carey, Tony Avent, and Jason Lattier. "Inventory, Descriptions, and Keys to Segregation and Identification of Liriopogons Cultivated in the Southeastern United States." HortScience 50, no. 7 (2015): 957–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.7.957.

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Liriopogons is a name used for cultivated genera of Liriope and Ophiopogon, Ruscaceae. Liriopogons are the most important clonal groundcovers sold by the nursery industry in the southeastern United States. Accurate segregation and identification of cultivars is difficult as cultivar descriptions used in nursery catalogs, literature, and plant patents are qualitative in substance, and often limited in morphological data. Also, existing inventories are limited in data. Many cultivars are assigned to the wrong species, and sometimes to the wrong genus. A taxonomic project of nearly 30 years’ work

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Farmelo, Allen. "Another history of bluegrass: The segregation of popular music in the United States, 1820–1900." Popular Music and Society 25, no. 1-2 (2001): 179–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03007760108591792.

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McGrew, Teron. "The History of Residential Segregation in the United States, Title VIII, and the Homeownership Remedy." American Journal of Economics and Sociology 77, no. 3-4 (2018): 1013–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12243.

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Rocha, Augusto Machado. "The 1957 Central High crisis: civil rights and education in the United States as a public history experience through the Pryor Center for Arkansas Oral and Visual History." Ciencia Nueva. Revista de Historia y Política 5, no. 1 (2021): 180–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22517/25392662.24600.

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Through an oral and visual history archive, we sought to develop an analysis regarding the period of school segregation in the United States, as well as the moment known as “integration”. Drawing on the experiences recorded in The David and Barbara Pryor Center for Arkansas Oral and Visual History, an analysis based on the memories of the period of overcoming segregation in the school context was developed. Our focus was on the perception of the persistence of prejudice as a factor that harms the learning process, as was observed in Terrence Roberts’ speech. The orientation of the work within

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Liddell, Ollie Eugene Payne. "High School Bands in Jackson, Mississippi, Before and After Integration." Journal of Historical Research in Music Education 43, no. 2 (2022): 162–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15366006221083510.

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Although the United States Supreme Court declared segregation in education under law unconstitutional in the landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision in 1954, the public high schools in Jackson, Mississippi, would remain segregated until 1970. The present study examines the effects of this social climate on the high school band programs in Jackson, Mississippi, during segregation and integration. Information about the band programs was investigated using in-person and telephone interviews, as well as yearbooks, books, and other print media. The implications of this study indicate that seg

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Zhu, Zixuan. "The Development of African American Education and The Causes and Effects of Racial Educational Inequality." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 36 (August 14, 2024): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/s5tj6a77.

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African Americans have been a highly visible race throughout history, and they have had a great impact on the United States throughout history. This race went from slavery to freedom, from segregation to the civil rights movement, and they gained legal equality. However, they continue to be treated unfairly in every aspect of society. Racial inequality continues to this day, divorced from the law, and relying only on ingrained ideas can create extremely visible and persistent inequality in many aspects of society. This also includes education, and the continuing inequality in education undoubt

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Hanlon, James. "Unsightly Urban Menaces and the Rescaling of Residential Segregation in the United States." Journal of Urban History 37, no. 5 (2011): 732–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144211407744.

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Cook, Lisa D., Trevon D. Logan, and John M. Parman. "Racial Segregation and Southern Lynching." Social Science History 42, no. 4 (2018): 635–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2018.21.

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The literature on ethnic fractionalization and conflict has yet to be extended to the American past. In particular, the empirical relationship between racial residential segregation and lynching is unknown. The existing economic, social, and political theories of lynching contain implicit hypotheses about the relationship between racial segregation and racial violence, consistent with more general theories of social conflict. Because Southern lynching occurred in rural and urban areas, traditional urban measures of racial segregation cannot be used to estimate the relationship. Earlier analysi

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Cornett, Jake, and Kimberly M. Knackstedt. "Original sin(s): lessons from the US model of special education and an opportunity for leaders." Journal of Educational Administration 58, no. 5 (2020): 507–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jea-10-2019-0175.

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PurposeThe United States (US) system of special education committed three original sins that perpetuate inequities between children with disabilities and their peers. The purpose of this paper is to examine the history of the US system, contrast this history against international disability law and identify opportunities for leaders to transform policy and practice for inclusive education.Design/methodology/approachThis paper explores the development of the three sins in US special education law: (1) weaving throughout it a medical model of disability, (2) failing to mandate inclusion and (3)

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Frederick, D. Bedell. "ESSAY ON HUMAN (RACE RELATIONS) IN THE UNITED STATES." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 6, no. 2 (2018): 255–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1194677.

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This essay speaks to the context of domination and subordination in particular as it pertains to White Supremacy/White Privilege as manifested in the history of slavery and “Jim Crow” in the United States. It is within this historical context one can discern the present status of race relations in the United States that continues to foster race discrimination through the policies of the ethnic majority (white) power structure, e.g.-institutional racism, voter suppression laws, gerrymandering of voter districts and banking policies to name a few areas. The research of books, papers,

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Taylor, Keeanga-Yamahtta. "The Banality of Segregation: Why Hirsch Still Helps Us Understand Our Racial Geography." Journal of Urban History 46, no. 3 (2020): 490–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144219896575.

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Even as laws have banished the practice, residential segregation continues to be a defining feature of the metropolitan United States. How does the scholarship of Arnold Hirsch help us to understand its persistence even as its mechanisms morph in multiple ways? How also do we understand the dynamic ways that African Americans have resisted this enclosure through politics but also through the creation of community and culture within that space?

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Greenidge, Kerri K. "Holding a Mirror up to Nature." Radical History Review 2021, no. 141 (2021): 107–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-9170738.

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Abstract This article argues that during the first two decades of the twentieth century, William Monroe Trotter’s Boston Guardian challenged “post-truth” politics at the heart of America’s exploitative racial project both at home and abroad. Trotter’s reinvigorated Black radical press exposed a fundamental lie at the heart of American racialization: that lynching, segregation, and violent white domination were natural features of United States exceptionalism, and that “the colored people themselves” (both at home and abroad) were responsible for their own subjugation. Through the Guardian’s ca

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Трюхан, Дмитро. "ALTERNATIVE INTERPRETATIONS OF THE HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES' FOUNDING: DISCUSSIONS AND INITIATIVES OF 2019-2021." КОНСЕНСУС, no. 4 (2023): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31110/consensus/2023-04/093-104.

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The aim of the study is to examine alternative interpretations of the history of the United States' founding within the context of the sociopolitical discourse that took place in 2019–2021 in academic and political circles. The scientific novelty is determined by the author's perspective on the issues of conflicting views of American history, which allows tracing the current state of problems with historical memory and its impact on the interpretation of history by American society. Furthermore, it highlights the main topics of public interest in U.S. history and distinguishes the «fault lines

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SWARTZ, DAVID R. "Christ of the American Road: E. Stanley Jones, India, and Civil Rights." Journal of American Studies 51, no. 4 (2017): 1117–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875816001420.

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This article, which emphasizes the importance of transnational history, tracks the influence of E. Stanley Jones, a missionary to India in the early twentieth century, on evangelicals in the United States. It contends that global encounters pushed Jones to hold integrated ashrams, conduct evangelistic crusades, and participate in the Congress on Racial Equality. During his time abroad, he discovered that racial segregation at home hurt the causes of missions and democracy abroad. Using this Cold War logic, Jones in turn provoked American evangelicals to consider more fully questions of racial

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Weathersby, Claude, and Yolanda Weathersby. "The “Intact Busing” Program in 1960s St. Louis Public Schools District." Journal of Urban History 45, no. 5 (2018): 908–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144218778019.

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Public school desegregation in the United States has come to be characterized and defined by the busing of schoolchildren, which is an activity that has been widely resisted and opposed by the white populace. In the St. Louis Public Schools district, the St. Louis Board of Education and its school administrators utilized its “intact busing” program not to achieve public school desegregation but to perpetuate de facto segregation in the classrooms of its elementary schools.

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Harang, Heronimus, Engliana Engliana, and Supadi Supadi. "SKETCHING HISTORICAL CONTEXT IN LEE DANIEL'S 'THE BUTLER': A MIMETIC APPROACH." LiNGUA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra 14, no. 1 (2019): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ling.v14i1.6633.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze Daniels’ work of historical context in his movie The Butler. To reveal the purpose of research, the writers utilize qualitative methodology with a mimetic approach to analyze the historical context in the movie. The results concluded that this movie gives a significant proportion in three types of history, namely political, social, and intellectual history. In the political aspect, the movie depicts the history when the United States used to establish the Segregation Law based on racial background. In the social aspect, the movie depicts non-white Ame

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TRAVKINA, N. M. "Alive American History: Сivil War of Monuments". Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 11, № 2 (2018): 12–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2018-11-2-12-29.

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The article analyzes the origins and causes of public resistance in the United States about the issue of preservation of monuments, symbolizing the period of the Confederacy in the U.S. South during the Civil war (1861-1865). Indicates that the main factor in the confrontation was a victory in the presidential elections of 2016 of D.Trump, who in the minds of his Democratic Party supporters is associated with racial ideas of “white supremacy”. With the coming to power of D. Trump in the U.S. relatively powerful movement emerged, mainly in the southern States for the demolition and dismantling

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Foner, Nancy, and Richard Alba. "Immigration and the Legacies of the Past: The Impact of Slavery and the Holocaust on Contemporary Immigrants in the United States and Western Europe." Comparative Studies in Society and History 52, no. 4 (2010): 798–819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417510000447.

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It is a basic truism that the past influences the present, but the key questions concernwhichpast andhowits impact occurs. In this paper we seek to understand how legacies of the past affect the pathways and experiences of contemporary immigrants. Our specific concern is with the present-day impact of two momentous historical ethno-racial traumas: the Holocaust in Western Europe, and slavery and ensuing legal segregation (“Jim Crow”) in the United States. At first blush, their legacies seem unrelated to immigration today, and these pasts are rarely central to discussions about it. But in fact

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Khapchaev, Sultan Talasovich, and Vladimir Gennadievich Kokorev. "RACISM AND RACIAL SEGREGATION AS MANIFESTATIONS OF POLITICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL EXTREMISM: THE EXAMPLE OF THE HISTORY OF THE USA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX-FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY." Agrarian History 16 (December 17, 2023): 49–61. https://doi.org/10.52270/27132447_2023_16_49.

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In the article the authors examine in detail the causes and dynamics of segregationist policies towards the African-American population in the US South after the Civil War. Particular attention is paid to the normative consolidation of racial discrimination in the form of Jim Crow laws and "grandfather clauses", the law enforcement practice of the U.S. Supreme Court in cases related to racial segregation is considered, the role of the "deliverers" movement and radical groups like the Ku Klux Klan in the struggle against the expansion of civil rights of African Americans is analyzed. The study

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THOMAS, LORRIN. "Desegregation is Not a Black and White Issue: Latino Advocacy for Equal Schooling before and after Brown." Journal of Policy History 36, no. 1 (2023): 34–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030623000271.

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AbstractThis article argues for the importance of reframing the history of school desegregation in the United States beyond Black and white and beyond the regional frames through which this history has been interpreted. In Western states, most Latino children attended schools segregated not by law but by custom starting in the early twentieth century; Latino students also encountered de facto segregation in the Eastern and Midwestern cities with large Puerto Rican populations by the 1950s. Parents, students, advocates, and activists protested the inequality of educational outcomes for Latino c

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Hendrickson, Craig S. "Ending Racial Profiling in the Church: Revisiting the Homogenous Unit Principle." Mission Studies 35, no. 3 (2018): 342–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341589.

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Abstract The “homogeneous unit principle” (HUP) has informed evangelical mission praxis in the United States for decades. While many see this as a pragmatic approach to spreading the gospel more expediently, others argue that it mirrors processes of racialization in the society at large, while reinforcing hyper-segregation in the church. In this paper, I suggest that the American evangelical church needs to re-examine, and ultimately, shed the exclusionary mission practices informed by the HUP if it is to faithfully embody the unity and reconciliation achieved through Christ’s work on the cros

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Dottin, Paul Anthony. "THE HYDRA OF HOROWITZIAN HISTORY." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 5, no. 1 (2008): 161–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x08080041.

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AbstractWhether to provide reparations to African Americans for the atrocities of slavery and segregation is arguably the most controversial public matter concerning race in the United States today. This debate, a clash over the economics and ethics of equality, is nothing less than a struggle over the future of racial identity, race relations, and racial progress in the current post–civil rights movement era.With the stakes for African Americans so high, and the prospects for affirmative action dim, public intellectuals have weighed in heavily on each side of the issue. Randall Robinson—autho

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Dalton, Shamika, and Michele Villagran. "Minimizing and addressing microaggressions in the workplace: Be proactive, part 2." College & Research Libraries News 79, no. 10 (2018): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.79.10.538.

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Our nation’s history plays a huge role in the way we perceive underrepresented groups. From slavery to segregation, to the inequality in compensation for women and people of color, to the refusal to wed same sex couples, discrimination and opposition has plagued the United States for decades. Since the Civil Rights Movement, discrimination towards underrepresented groups has shifted from overt acts to subtle and semiconscious manifestations called microaggressions. These manifestations reside in well-intentioned individuals who are often unaware of their biased beliefs, attitudes, and actions.

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Torre, Margarita. "Stopgappers? The Occupational Trajectories of Men in Female-Dominated Occupations." Work and Occupations 45, no. 3 (2018): 283–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0730888418780433.

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This study examines the determinants of men’s exit from female-dominated occupations. Using census data and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data set, the author analyzes the job history of men employed in the United States between 1979 and 2006. Supporting the theoretical model, evidence indicates a group of stopgappers—men entering female-dominated occupations and leaving soon after their entry, thereby contributing to the perpetuation of segregation in female settings. By identifying the stopgapper occupational trajectory, this article contributes to the development of a comprehens

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Wacquant, Loïc. "Resolver o problema da raça." Sociologia: Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto 45 (2023): 127–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/08723419/soc45f1.

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This article sketches a neo-Bourdieusianframework for rethinking racial domination. It proposes that we need to historicize the notion of “race”;todislodge the United States from its Archimedean position; to forsake the logic of the trial; andto disaggregateethnoracial phenomena into the “elementary forms” of racial domination, categorization, discrimination, segregation, seclusion, and violence. This approach makes it possible to grasp “race” as a denegated modality of ethnicity and to uncoverhow a system of ethnoracialclassificationis mapped onto a system of ethnoracialstratification, that i

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Brown, Marisa Angell. "Integration by Design: Bertrand Goldberg, Stanley Tigerman, and Public Housing Architecture in Postwar Chicago." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 76, no. 2 (2017): 218–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2017.76.2.218.

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Public housing in the United States has been a prime site of negotiation and struggle over racial identity. Integration by Design: Bertrand Goldberg, Stanley Tigerman, and Public Housing Architecture in Postwar Chicago examines a critical moment in the history of public housing, evaluating two projects built in Chicago's Black Belt: Bertrand Goldberg's Raymond Hilliard Homes (1966) and Stanley Tigerman's Woodlawn Gardens (1969). Marisa Angell Brown demonstrates how these projects reflect Goldberg's and Tigerman's thoughtful and empathetic responses to race, poverty, and spatial segregation, wh

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Yudin, Kirill. "Cinema politics and ideology of the USA during the Cold War." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, no. 12-1 (2020): 84–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202012statyi07.

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The article analyzes the specifics of American ideology and cultural space, its influence on the activities of state and public institutions, the position of representatives of the theater and cinema corporation in the United States under conditions of control and censorship, propaganda pressure. Conclusions are drawn about the consequences of forced segregation of filmmakers into «friends» and «strangers» - the need to adapt in an atmosphere of «cold» information and ideological challenges, the examination of media-texts (films) and their images for political reliability. The ambiguity and in

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Kwon, Ronald, and Augustine Kposowa. "Shifting racial hierarchies: An analysis of residential segregation among multi-racial and mono-racial groups in the United States." Population Studies 71, no. 1 (2016): 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00324728.2016.1254813.

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Mendes, Maria do Carmo Cardoso. "Negros aqui brancos acolá: imagens do racismo na poesia de Agostinho Neto." Cem, no. 17 (2024): 369–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/2182-1097/cem17a3.

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The essay aims mainly at: 1) Identifying the condemnation of racial segregation (in Africa, Europe, and the United States of America) made by Agostinho Neto in several lyrical compositions; 2) Examine Neto’s appeal about the African imperative of returning to tradition; 3) Emphasise the value of Neto’s poetics for the rehabilitation of the black colour; 4) Putting the Angolan poet and other African writers into dialogue; 5) Determine whether Agostinho Neto’s poetics sought to deconstruct the rhetoric of colonial literature (based, among other aspects, on the infantilization of black people or

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Gaddis, Elijah. "Work, Play, and Performance in the Southern Tobacco Warehouse." Special Issue - Storied Spaces: Renewing Folkloristic Perspectives on Vernacular Architecture 90-91 (April 29, 2021): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1076795ar.

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This paper examines tobacco warehouses in the southern United States as sites of both work and play. Using a performative approach in the study of architecture that is rooted in folklife methodology, the essay claims these quotidian working structures as places of celebratory potential amid the strictures of Jim Crow spatial segregation. In particular, it focuses on a series of massive dances held in the elaborately decorated warehouses during the early-to-mid-20th century. During these dances, Black celebrants turned the restrictive social and economic working spaces of the tobacco warehouse

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Hardeman, Rachel R., Simone L. Hardeman-Jones, and Eduardo M. Medina. "Fighting for America's Paradise: The Struggle against Structural Racism." Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 46, no. 4 (2021): 563–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-8970767.

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Abstract Structural racism is a fundamental cause of racial inequities in health in the United States. Structural racism is manifested in inequality in the criminal justice system; de facto segregation in education, health care, and housing; and ineffective and disproportionately violent policing and economic disenfranchisement in communities of color. The inequality that Black people and communities of color face is the direct result of centuries of public policy that made Black and Brown skin a liability. The United States is now in an unprecedented moment in its history with a new administr

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Shumaieva, Svitlana, and Svitlana Kovalenko. "HISTORY OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES IN THE USA." Collection of Scientific Papers of Uman State Pedagogical University, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2307-4906.1.2021.228834.

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The article analyzes the historical stages of inclusive education in the United States: the first – 1960 – the stage of segregation and marginalization of people with special educational needs, the second (from 1968 to 1975) – the stage of normalization, the idea of involving disabled students in the educational environment, the third stage – educational mainstreaming (1975–1983), the fourth stage – (1983–2004) – inclusive education characterized by joint training of people with special needs with peers using typical development, the fifth –mixed educational system – a comprehensive inclusive

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Rumberger, Russell W., and Gregory J. Palardy. "Does Segregation Still Matter? The Impact of Student Composition on Academic Achievement in High School." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 107, no. 9 (2005): 1999–2045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810810700905.

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The Coleman report, published 12 years after the Brown decision, confirmed that widespread school segregation in the United States created inequality of educational opportunity. This study examines whether racial and socioeconomic segregation, which is on the rise in the United States, is still contributing to the achievement differences among students. The study used data from the National Education Longitudinal Survey of 1988 to estimate multilevel models of achievement growth between Grades 8 and 12 in mathematics, science, reading, and history for a sample of 14,217 students attending a re

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Rumberger, Russell W., and Gregory J. Palardy. "Does Segregation Still Matter? The Impact of Student Composition on Academic Achievement in High School." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 107, no. 9 (2005): 1999–2045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810510700905.

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The Coleman report, published 12 years after the Brown decision, confirmed that widespread school segregation in the United States created inequality of educational opportunity. This study examines whether racial and socioeconomic segregation, which is on the rise in the United States, is still contributing to the achievement differences among students. The study used data from the National Education Longitudinal Survey of 1988 to estimate multilevel models of achievement growth between Grades 8 and 12 in mathematics, science, reading, and history for a sample of 14,217 students attending a re

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Hinnershitz, Stephanie. "Across the Divides: Beyond School, Nation, and the 1965 Immigration Act in the History of Asian American Education." History of Education Quarterly 60, no. 4 (2020): 623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/heq.2020.40.

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The importance of education for Asian Americans looking to fight race-based discrimination, create a sense of community, and reclaim and establish an identity is well documented. In 1884, Mary and Joseph Tape, Chinese immigrants living in San Francisco, sued the San Francisco Board of Education and the principal of the Spring Valley Primary School—Jennie Hurley--after Hurley denied their daughter, Mamie, admission because she was “Chinese” (though born in the United States). The Superior Court ruled in favor of the Tapes, but in 1885, the School Board appealed the decision to the Supreme Court

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Mueller, R. "Impact of covid on riots and associated behaviors in the united states." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (2021): S298—S299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.801.

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IntroductionThe racial riots of 2020 in the US, beginning in Minneapolis, had a global impact inciting protests internationally. We look at the impact of COVID, the social isolation and frustration that therefore existed and how this effected the instigation of the riots.Objectives--To review the history of racism in the United States and the abolition theories, comparing US and UK. --To consider the impact of international immigration on the cultural tension in the US; Minnesota accepted a large population of Somalis in 1992 as refugees. --To explore how this progress toward racial equality h

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CAMPBELL, JAMES. "AFRICAN AMERICANS AND PAROLE IN DEPRESSION-ERA NEW YORK." Historical Journal 54, no. 4 (2011): 1065–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x11000392.

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ABSTRACTIn the first half of the twentieth century, parole in the Deep South of the United States was part of a nexus of penal mechanisms providing white employers with a pliant black labour force. By contrast, in New York, which was at the forefront of innovations in parole policy, there was a surprising interracial consensus among white parole administrators and politicians, civil rights activists, and black prisoners themselves that the African American community was integral to parole administration and success. This article explores why different constituencies supported this consensus th

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Grattan, Laura. "Broadening the “Problem-Space” of Political Theory." Review of Politics 86, no. 3 (2024): 394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670524000093.

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Pineda's book is an original and imaginative reconstruction of activist strategy and political theory, upending the orthodox account of civil disobedience during the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s. Against liberal and democratic theorists who domesticate civil disobedience in the United States, with the aim of legitimizing the nation's constitutional democracy as “nearly just,” or in need of reform rather than revolution, Pineda argues that civil rights activists “theorized and deployed” civil disobedience as “decolonizing praxis” (16). She traces the decades-long history in whic

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Farley, Reynolds. "The Bankruptcy of Detroit: What Role did Race Play?" City & Community 14, no. 2 (2015): 118–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12106.

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Perhaps no city in the United States has a longer and more vibrant history of racial conflict than Detroit. It is the only city where federal troops have been dispatched to the streets four times to put down racial bloodshed. By the 1990s, Detroit was the quintessential “Chocolate City–Vanilla Suburbs” metropolis. In 2013, Detroit became the largest city to enter bankruptcy. It is an oversimplification and inaccurate to argue that racial conflict and segregation caused the bankruptcy of Detroit. But racial issues were deeply intertwined with fundamental population shifts and employment changes

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Goldberg, David Theo, Ramón Grosfoguel, and Eric Mielants. "Field of Dreams." International Journal of Comparative Sociology 47, no. 3-4 (2006): 259–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020715206065783.

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This article examines the complicity of academic paradigms and public policies with racist discourses and racial discrimination in the United States. From the most overt racial segregation policies and biological racist discourses to the most recent and covert forms of ‘color-blind racism’, the article discusses the shifting forms of racial discrimination and academic paradigms in the US. The first part discusses mainstream academic schools of thought relating to race and ethnicity in the US. The second part provides a brief history of public policies related to race. Given the myth of the US

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Lovelace, H. Timothy. "Making the World in Atlanta's Image: The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, Morris Abram, and the Legislative History of the United Nations Race Convention." Law and History Review 32, no. 2 (2014): 385–429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248013000667.

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Atlanta's human rights community was buzzing, because the United Nations (U.N.) was coming to town. On Sunday, January 19, 1964, the front page of theAtlanta Daily World, the city's oldest black newspaper and the South's only black daily, announced, “United Nations Rights Panel to Visit Atlanta.” The U.N. Sub-Commission on the Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities (Sub-Commission), theDaily Worldexplained, was a fourteen nation “body that surveys the worldwide problems of discrimination.” The Sub-Commission had been invited to Atlanta by Morris Abram, a former Atlanta attor

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