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Journal articles on the topic 'Seismic analysis Lateral displacement'
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1
Niu, Yong Zhe, Wen Jie Guo, Guang Ling Li, and Rui Xin Sun. "The Seismic Response Analysis of Long-Span Cable-Stayed Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 1364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.1364.
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Anti-seismic property was essential in the progress of bridge designing and construction due to destructive power of earthquake disaster and increasing span of bridge. This paper elaborated theory method of analysis, taking five spans continuous cable-stayed bridge which was half floating system as an engineering background, and using method of special finite element analysis to calculating dynamic characteristics and seismic response respectively which also considered longitudinal limit damping and stiffness of cable under longitudinal, transverse, vertical and three-dimensional seismic oscillation. Fundamental frequency of cable-stayed bridge was affected significantly with considering longitudinal limit damping, so connection measures would be determined reasonably in designing and analyzing anti-seismic property of long-span cable-stayed bridge. When response spectrum analysis was adopted, longitudinal and vertical displacement were larger than lateral displacement under longitudinal seismic oscillation, lateral seismic oscillation only affected the structural lateral displacement, and vertical seismic oscillation affected vertical and longitudinal displacement.
2
Avila, Jorge A., and Eduardo Martínez. "Non-Linear Step-by-Step Seismic Response and the Push-Over Analysis Comparison of a Reinforced Concrete of Ductile Frames 15 Level Building." Key Engineering Materials 385-387 (July 2008): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.385-387.229.
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Based on a ductile frames 15 level building, a non-linear analysis with increased monotonically lateral loads (Push-Over) was made in order to determine its collapse and its principal responses were compared against the elastic and inelastic time-history seismic responses determined with the SCT-EW-85 record. The seismic-resistance design and faced to gravitational loads was made according to the Complementary Technical Norms of Concrete Structures Design (NTC-Concrete) and the NTC-Seismic of the Mexico City Code (RDF-04), satisfying the limit service states (relative lateral displacement between story height maximum relations, story drifts ≤ 0.012) and failure (seismic behavior factor, Q= 3). The compressible (soft) seismic zone IIIb and the office use type (group B) were considered. The non-linear responses were determined with nominal and over-resistance effects. The comparison were made with base shear force–roof lateral displacement relations, global distribution of plastic hinges, failure mechanics tendency, lateral displacements and story drift and its distribution along the height of the building, local and global ductility demands, etc. For the non-linear static analysis with increased monotonically lateral loads, it was important to select the type of lateral forces distribution.
3
Mahesh, G. Uma, and Mr Dr G. Srikanth. "ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF G+20 BUILDING ON A SLOPY GROUND BY USING STAAD PRO." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 12 (2024): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem39363.
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This study focuses on the analysis and design of RCC multi-storeyed G+14 framed buildings with both regular and irregular plans, using STAAD Pro software. The objective is to model and analyze the buildings under seismic loads through equivalent static analysis. Key areas of study include the comparison of regular and irregular building configurations and the impact of shear walls on seismic performance. The research investigates the structural behavior, including displacement, stress distribution, and stability of buildings subjected to lateral seismic loads, with a focus on buildings with and without shear walls. The findings reveal significant differences in the structural responses between the two configurations, highlighting the importance of shear walls in improving seismic resistance. The study concludes that shear walls enhance the structural integrity and reduce lateral displacements, providing recommendations for designing safer buildings in seismic zones. The research aims to offer valuable insights for effective design strategies to ensure safety and minimize seismic damage in multi-storeyed RCC buildings. Keywords: RCC, multi-storeyed, G+14 framed buildings, regular and irregular plans, STAAD Pro, seismic loads, equivalent static analysis, shear walls, structural behavior, displacement, stress distribution, stability, seismic resistance, seismic zones, structural integrity, effective design strategies.
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Liu, Cheng Qing, Jun Jun Li, Chi Chen, Zhi Bin Tu, Xiao Dan Sun, and Bin He. "Analysis and Research on Reinforcement and Reconstruction Method of Adding Shear Wall for Multi-Story Frame Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.442.
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Recently, earthquakes occurred frequently, and our country has established a new seismic code. As the seismic intensity increases, some low frame structures cannot reach the requirements of layer displacement, layer displacement angle, stability, etc. Thus, they require reinforcement. The shear wall is good for resisting lateral force, and rational shear wall can control the shifting and shaking efficiently, thus making the distribution of internal force more reasonable. Through analysis on reinforcement and reconstruction method of adding shear walls for multi-story frame structure, the rules in terms of different layer displacement, layer displacement angle and overturning moment are found out, and the added shear wall, which can efficiently improve seismic fortification intensity, can serve as the main component for resisting lateral force. The conclusions are as follows: under earthquake action, through the method of adding shear wall, the deformation, layer displacement and layer displacement angle can be controlled effectively. Besides, the integrity and seismic behavior are inhanced, achieving the goal of improving anti-seismic grade of structure.
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Pal, Shashi Bhushan, and Anjali Rai. "Analysis of Soil-Structure Interaction of Framed Structure." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 10 (2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem38326.
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This study examines the soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects on the seismic behavior of G+7 and G+12 reinforced concrete buildings. Using finite element modelling in SAP2000, we assess key seismic parameters, including base shear, time period, lateral displacement, and footing settlement, across three soil types: soft, medium, and hard. This comparative analysis provides insights into how building height and soil flexibility influence structural stability, suggesting optimal design considerations for enhancing earthquake resilience. Key Words: Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI), Base Shear, Lateral Displacement, Seismic Analysis, G+7, G+12, SAP2000, Soft Soil, Medium Soil, Hard Soil.
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Fan, Longwen, Yingxin Hui, Junlv Liu, and Tianyi Zhou. "Analysis of the Effect of Lateral Collision on the Seismic Response of Bridges under Fault Misalignment." Applied Sciences 13, no. 19 (2023): 10662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131910662.
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Mutual dislocation of seismogenic faults during strong earthquakes will result in a large relative displacement on both sides of the fault. It is of great significance to explore the influence of the collision effect between the main beam and the transverse shear key on the seismic response of the bridge under fault dislocation. In this paper, a series of cross-fault ground motions with different ground permanent displacements are artificially synthesized using a hybrid simulation method. Based on the contact element theory, the Kelvin–Voigt model is used to simulate the lateral collision effect. The effect of lateral collision on the seismic response of the continuous girder bridge is compared from the two aspects of fault dislocation position and fault dislocation degree. On this basis, the analysis of lateral collision parameters is carried out with the aim of reasonably regulating the seismic response of the structure. The results show that, compared with the near-fault bridge, the influence of lateral collision on the cross-fault bridge is stronger. The amplification of the bending moment of the central pier and the limitation of the bearing displacement are five times and two times, respectively, for the near-fault bridge. When the fault has a large dislocation, the weak point of the structural damage is the bending failure of the pier bottom and the residual torsion after the earthquake. The collision parameters of conventional bridges will aggravate the bending moment demand of the pier bottom of cross-fault bridges and limit their bearing displacement too much. Therefore, by appropriately reducing the collision stiffness and increasing the initial gap, the internal force and displacement response distribution of the cross-fault bridge structure can be more reasonable. The study in this paper has reference significance for seismic analysis of cross-fault bridges with transverse shear keys.
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Umme, Aiman, Roopa.M, and H. Venogopal Dr. "Seismic Analysis (G+5) Building with and without Bracing." Journal of Earthquake Science and Soil Dynamics Engineering 5, no. 1 (2022): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6463178.
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An earthquake is a natural event that occurs and causes extensive damage; therefore, it is necessary to limit the damage caused by earthquakes in order to overcome shortcomings in the ability to resist seismic stresses. The best strategy for resisting wind and seismic forces is bracing. The seismic performance of a (G+5) storey structure with and without bracing was determined using SAP2000 Software in this study. Analyzing several types of bracing, such like diagonal, X-bracing, V-bracing, and inverted V-bracing, was used to conduct a comparison analysis. When compared to other frames, the diagonal and Inverted V bracings have less lateral displacements, according to the observations.. The seismic performances were then evaluated using time history analysis for bare frame, diagonal, and bare frame. The findings of base shear, storey displacement, and storey drifts were computed and compared to those of manual calculations. The braced frame is more resistant to seismic excitation than frames without bracings. When compared to un-braced frames, storey displacement and drifts are minimized, according to the study's base shear value.
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Wang, Shijie, Zhiguo Sun, and Dongsheng Wang. "Analysis and Verification of Load–Deformation Response for Rocking Self-Centering Bridge Piers." Sustainability 15, no. 10 (2023): 8257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15108257.
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Rocking self-centering (RSC) bridge piers were proposed based on the bridge seismic resilience design theory, pushing the development of bridge sustainability. To develop a seismic design method for RSC bridge piers, a clear understanding of their behavior under earthquakes is essential. This study analyzed the whole lateral force–displacement response of RSC piers, taking into account both rotational and flexural deformation, which resulted in a clearer understanding of their behavior under seismic actions. In this study, the whole loading process was simplified into three statuses, and a calculation method was developed to determine the relationship between lateral force and displacement of both single-column and double-column RSC bridge piers. The accuracy of the proposed method was verified by comparing the calculated results with experimental data for six single-column and two double-column RSC bridge piers. The results show that the proposed calculation method predicts the initial stiffness, yield and peak loads, and yield and peak displacements well for RSC bridge piers. The method offers valuable insights into the seismic response of RSC bridge piers, which can serve as a reference for future research, promoting the safety and stability of these structures.
9
Kuang, Yu-ping, Xin-liang Jiang, and Nan Jiang. "Inelastic Parametric Analysis of Seismic Responses of Multistorey Bidirectional Eccentric Structure." Shock and Vibration 2018 (June 21, 2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7023205.
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This paper conducts a parametric study on the seismic response of multistorey bidirectional eccentric structures from elastic stage to inelastic stage. Based on a simplified multistorey bidirectional eccentric model composed of bidirectional lateral load-resisting members, a general law is proposed for three-stage natural frequency variation behaviour from elastic stage to inelastic stage of eccentric frame structures with different layers. Different simplification treatments are conducted on each stage and the three stable parameter analysis stages are defined. The corresponding dynamic stiffness matrices and motion equations in different loading stages are derived. On this basis, a parametric analysis of seismic response of a three-storey bidirectional regular eccentric structure from elastic stage to inelastic stage is conducted. Effects of the uncoupled torsion to lateral frequency ratios (Ω) and bidirectional eccentricities on the seismic responses are investigated. The results reveal that as Ω increases, translational displacement in the load direction first decreases and then increases; meanwhile, the displacement perpendicular to load direction and torsion displacement first rise and then decrease sharply. When Ω=1.1, the coupling effect between the translation in the load direction and the torsion is at its strongest condition. Increasing the eccentricities leads to a decrease in the displacement in the load direction as well as an increase in the displacement perpendicular to load direction and torsion displacement. Variation regularity of inelastic seismic response is remarkably different from that in elastic stage. The lateral-torsional coupling effect of the bidirectional eccentric structure is closely related to both the period ratio and the bidirectional eccentricities.
10
Chu, Yun Peng, Yong Yao, and Yong Jun Deng. "Seismic Behavior Analysis on the Steel Cold-Formed in Modular House." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.512.
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The cold-formed thin-walled steel has such advantages as light-weight , good seismic capability and is suitable for reconstruction in seismic disastrous area. Nonlinear analysis by software ANSYS on the performances of static and dynamic of a 2 -story building has been done. The analysis reveals that: (1) under the conditions of participation in the earthquake, the top lateral value of structural is large and the maximum is 9.985 mm, but all lateral displacement values standard requirement. (2) Based on the analysis under three kinds of seismic waves, the corner roofing of second independent room has much larger displacement values than others, torsion has been happened on structure. (3) Under the seismic wave, the maximum value is 2.47 which happened on the 400cm/s2 of Taft wave; structure has obviously response under Taft wave。
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Pradeep, Yadav* S.S. Khuswaha. "INFLUENCE OF FLOOR DIAPHRAGM BUILDING WHILE CONSIDERING SEISMIC FORCES." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 6 (2016): 178–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.54776.
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In this work, seismic analysis of multi storey RC building frames have been carried out considering different types of floor diaphragm. Floor diaphragm are very efficient in resisting lateral forces. STAAD.Pro software has been used for analysis purpose. Analyses of multi storey RC building frames are carried out in 3 parts I) Building frame without floor diaphragm, II) Building frames with semi rigid floor diaphragm III) Building frames with rigid floor diaphragm. Results are collected in terms of maximum moments in beams, axial force, shear force, maximum displacement and storey displacement which are critically analysed to quantify the effects of various parameters. This approach focuses various floor diaphram in a structure and their effectiveness in reducing the lateral displacement ultimately to achieve economy in construction with similar structural frames.
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Zhang, Xiang Dong, Pu Wang, and Jian Guan. "Stability Analysis of High-Rise Buildings under Seismic Load." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 2067–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.2067.
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Analysis of the structure characteristics of the General Hospital of Fuxin Mining Group, through the instrument observation and use the finite element software for structural modeling, modal analysis show that the quality of structural system, the stiffness is more evenly distributed the structure of the torsional capacity to meet the requirements. Through input into Tianjin wave, analysis the dynamic characteristics of the model, the results show that: to tall wall-frame structure, shear wall is very restriction of lateral displacement in the central and bottom, stronger than upper structure on lateral displacement limit ability.
13
Sidik Hasibuan, Samsul Abdul Rahman. "Parametric Study of Structural Seismic Response: Correlation Between Lateral Load, Displacement, and Stiffness." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 9, no. 3 (2024): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20240304.
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Indonesia, located near the convergence of major tectonic plates, often experiences significant earthquakes that impact buildings. Many houses damaged by earthquakes are simple structures with red brick masonry. This study analyzes the seismic performance of masonry houses using ETABS software, assuming the houses are in seismic zone 4 and built on soft soil. The analysis focuses on the correlation between lateral loads, displacement, and structural stiffness. The results indicate that the maximum lateral load occurs in the X direction, while the maximum displacement occurs in the Y direction, indicating higher flexibility in the Y direction. Higher structural stiffness reduces displacement but also increases inertia forces. The nonlinear correlation between lateral loads and displacement, as well as the decrease in effective structural stiffness with increasing lateral loads, underscores the importance of balancing stiffness and flexibility in structural design. This study provides valuable insights for earthquake-resistant building design, particularly for masonry houses in earthquake-prone areas of Indonesia. The analysis emphasizes the importance of reinforcing critical areas and ensuring a more uniform distribution of lateral loads to enhance structural resilience to earthquakes. Keywords: ETABS, House, Life Safety, Performance, Seismic
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Mohammed, Zameer Ahamed J., and S. Ranjitha. "Nonlinear Push-Over Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures Incorporating Steel Braces." Journal of Engineering Analysis and Design 7, no. 1 (2024): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14550644.
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<em>Pushover analysis is a nonlinear static method employed to estimate structural deformation under seismic forces. This process involves incrementally applying lateral loads in a predetermined pattern to the structural model, increasing the load step by step until the structure fails. The outcome of this analysis is a force-displacement curve, which shows the relationship between applied forces and the resulting displacements. This research investigates a symmetric 12-story reinforced concrete (RC) building with different steel bracing configurations. The analysis is conducted using SAP 2000 software, considering Dead, Live, and Seismic loads as specified by IS 1893-Part-1 (2002). The structural design adheres to the provisions of IS-800.</em>
15
Aschheim, Mark. "Seismic Design Based on the Yield Displacement." Earthquake Spectra 18, no. 4 (2002): 581–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1516754.
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Although seismic design traditionally has focused on period as a primary design parameter, relatively simple arguments, examples, and observations discussed herein suggest that the yield displacement is a more stable and more useful parameter for seismic design. The stability of the yield displacement is illustrated with four detailed examples, consisting of moment-resistant frame buildings. Each frame is designed to limit roof drift for a specific ground motion using an “equivalent” SDOF model in conjunction with Yield Point Spectra. The effectiveness of the simple design method is established by nonlinear dynamic analysis. Yield displacements were stable and consistent while the fundamental periods of vibration (and lateral stiffness) required to meet the performance objective differed substantially.
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Zhang, Lian Zhen, Tian Liang Chen, and Wei Xiong. "Study on Seismic Response Control of Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge with TMD." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1293.
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Large span self-anchored suspension bridges which are located in the strong earthquake zone often have no sufficient anti-seismic capacity, especially the bridge pylon. Therefore, seismic response control is necessary. This paper studies the lateral damping control effects of one large-span self-anchored suspension bridge with tuned mass damper (TMD). Using a spatial dynamic analysis finite element mode, the seismic responses are calculated out. Seismic response analysis results show that a large lateral displacement appeared at the pylon top under the lateral seismic action and the moment peak at the pylon bottom is nearly reaching its equivalent yield moment gotten by moment-curvature curve, which would be resulted in a high risk of collapse of self-anchored suspension bridge under lateral earthquake action. Therefore, one TMD is considered to be applied on the pylon top of the self-anchored suspension bridge to reduce the seismic response. The simulation result shows that the TMD can provide remarkable effect on seismic response control of the pylon. The control efficiency of TMD can be up to 23.4%. The moment at the pylon bottom and the displacement at the pylon top both decrease obviously. The parameter analyses of TMD are also performed to get the best design parameter. The research results can be used as the reference of seismic response control or anti-seismic design for the same type of bridge.
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Mohammed, Zameer Ahamed J. "Pushover Analysis of RC Building with Steel Braces." Journal of Structural Engineering, its Applications and Analysis 5, no. 3 (2022): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6810694.
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Pushover analysis is a static nonlinear procedure which is a basic nonlinear method to approximately calculate seismic structural deformations. It is a static analysis used to find out the force versus displacement capacity curve, for a whole structure or an element of a structure. This procedure consists of applying lateral load, in a determined pattern to the structure in small percentage increase, that is pushing the modelled structure or structural element and plotting the whole functional shear force and related lateral displacement at each step, until the structure attains collapse condition. In the present study symmetric 12 storey RC structures with different steel bracing configurations are modelled and analysed using SAP 2000 by considering Dead, Live and Seismic Loads (IS 1893-Part-1, 2002) and designed using IS-800.
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ISHANT, DAHAT, and AUTADE PANKAJ.B. "ANALYSIS OF LATERAL LOAD ON DIFFERENT ORIENTATION OF SHEAR WALL." JournalNX - A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal 2, no. 12 (2017): 77–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1466817.
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This study describes mathematical study and relation between wind and earthquake and its effects on building as a whole with respect of Lateral force and Storey shear for different orientation of shear wall. The Effect of Storey drift and storey displacement is also estimated in study. Earthquake Lateral force, Storey Shear, Storey Drift and Storey Displacement are analyzed for Seismic zone factor II. https://journalnx.com/journal-article/20150153
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Htay, Khin Thuzar, Jafril Tanjung, Masrilayanti, Monita Olivia, Fadzli Mohamed Nazri, and Mulyadi Bur. "A Proposed Fragility Curve Based on PO-ID Hybrid Analysis for Seismic Assessment Performance of the Reinforced Concrete Continuous Bridges in Earthquake Prone Area." Buildings 14, no. 12 (2024): 3875. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14123875.
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In earthquake-prone regions, the seismic performance assessment of reinforced concrete (RC) continuous bridges is critical for ensuring their resilience and safety. This study proposes a fragility curve developed through a hybrid pushover–incremental dynamic (PO-ID) analysis to accurately evaluate the seismic vulnerability of RC continuous bridges. The proposed method integrates the advantages of pushover analysis, which provides insights into the bridge’s capacity, with incremental dynamic analysis, which captures the bridge’s response under varying earthquake intensities. The resulting fragility curves offer a more comprehensive understanding of the likelihood of bridge failure at different seismic intensities. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) effectively illustrates a bridge’s response to increasing seismic demands but does not account for ultimate displacement under static lateral loads. Pushover analysis (POA) is useful for capturing maximum displacement capacity under static forces, yet it falls short of addressing the dynamic effects of near-fault ground motions. The hybrid approach combines the strengths of both IDA and POA, and this hybrid method’s heightened sensitivity to damage states allows for earlier detection and conservative displacement estimates, improving seismic assessments, informing design and retrofitting practices, and enhancing safety by addressing transverse displacements and weak axis vulnerabilities.
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Zhai, Chang Hai, Mao Hua Zhang, and Li Li Xie. "The Damping Effect on Constant-Ductility Seismic Demand Spectra of Inelastic Structures." Key Engineering Materials 348-349 (September 2007): 649–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.348-349.649.
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The constant-ductility seismic demand spectra can provide high-sight of seismic damage mechanism of inelastic structures under the earthquake. And in the displacement-based seismic design, the constant-ductility seismic demand spectra are very useful for the preliminary design of new structures where the global displacement ductility capacity is known, which can provide the required inelastic lateral strength of new structures from the required elastic lateral strength. An in-depth investigation of damping effect on constant-ductility seismic demand spectra of inelastic structures is presented in this paper. A statistical study is performed of inelastic response computed for different damping ratio SDOF systems with different levels of lateral yielding strength required to maintain the given displacement ductility when subjected to a large number earthquake accelerations. It is concluded that the damping effect on constant-ductility seismic resistance spectra is rather complex. It depends on not only site conditions but also the structural period. Finally, results from non-linear regression analysis are presented that provide a simplified expression to be used to approximately quantify the damping effect.
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Suresh Kannan, S. "Seismic Analysis of Soft Storey Building in Earthquake Zones." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1130, no. 1 (2023): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1130/1/012023.
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Abstract In this paper (G+8) building is modeled like a bare frame, a bare frame with the shear wall, and a bare frame with X bracing by changing the soft storey to different floors. The static analysis effect is determined for all three models with zone IV and zone V using Staad pro-V8i software. The main objective of the research was to assess the impact of a soft storey in various earthquake zones and by varying places of the soft storey from first to the top floor and for frames with different column shapes by seismic analyses in staad pro. The results of variable building models are obtained from the research regarding various parameters such as displacement, storey drift, and base shear. More significantly, comparing different structural systems revealed a reduction in lateral displacement and story drift. The shear wall reduced the Storey Displacement by 98.838% and storey drift by 99.86%. The Steel bracing reduced the Storey Displacement by 97.846 % and storey drift by 92.6%. Finally, it has been found that the Shear wall reduces lateral displacement and storey drift, thus significantly contributing to greater structural stiffness. The analysis results recommended that the shear wall use reinforced concrete frames for the seismic hazard zones and the Steel bracing recommended for the low seismic zones.
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Wang, Feng, Hong Nan Li, and Ting Hua Yi. "Displacement-Based Lateral Stiffness Design for Multi-Storey Structures Subject to Earthquake Motions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 2337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.2337.
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The determination of structural stiffness for the currently seismic design method depends on subjective experience of designers which is not rational and economical. A method that uses displacements as the basis for the stiffness design procedure is then presented: (1)By means of preliminary design, the initial elastic structure are obtained and the 1th mode shape, period etc are then calculated by modal analyses; (2) The target period and lateral equivalent stiffness of structure are determined according to target displacement used in seismic code; (3)The two periods for initial designed structure and target structure are compared and the lateral stiffness is adjusted to make the displacement responses of the structural weak members meet the limited displacements by adjustment parameter. An example is implemented for demonstrating the process and verifying the accuracy of the procedure.
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Shen, De Jian, Sen Qiu, Ling Song, and Cong Bin Huang. "Effect of Viscous Damper on Seismic Performance of Steel-Concrete Hybrid Structure for High-Rise Building." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 2203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.2203.
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In this paper, the effect of viscous damper on seismic performance of steel-concrete hybrid structure for high-rise building is analyzed. The result shows that viscous damper has little effect on dynamic properties of structure. The story lateral displacement, story drift rotation and damage of structure can be reduced effectively by viscous damper. The effect of the viscous damper on structure seismic performance is better with the increase of seismic intensity. Under the 7, 8 and 9 degree seismic seldom intensity, the story lateral displacement of the top floor decreases at 17.2%, 23.3%, 33.4% and the story drift rotation decreases at 20.8%, 27.2%, 44.7% respectively. The seismic analysis result may be referred by designer and researcher.
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Avila, Jorge A., and Julio C. Manzano. "Inelastic Dynamic Analysis and Non-Linear Static Analysis (Push-Over) of 3-Story and 6-Story RC Buildings of Ductile Frames." Key Engineering Materials 488-489 (September 2011): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.488-489.359.
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With 3-story and 6-story RC buildings of ductile frames, previously designed, non-linear static analysis with increased monotonically lateral loads (Push-over) are made in order to determine its collapse and their responses against the inelastic seismic analysis results with the SCT-EW-85 record are compared. It is designed with the Principal Body and with the Appendix A conditions of the Seismic Technical Norms of the Mexico City Code (RDF-04), satisfying the maximum story distortion limits of the service and collapse conditions; the buildings (offices) are in the IIIb compressible seismic zone. The non-lineal responses were determined with nominal resistance and over-resistance effects. For the non-linear static analysis with increased monotonically lateral loads, was important to select the type of lateral forces distribution. The comparison were made with base shear force–roof lateral displacement relations.
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Waris, Muhammad Bilal, Khalifa Al-Jabri, Uhoud Al-Rawahi, and Ali Al-Nuaimi. "Comparison of Seismic and Wind Actions on Medium to High-Rise Buildings in Muscat, Oman." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 20, no. 2 (2024): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53540/tjer.vol20iss2pp149-160.
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This study is a comparison of wind and seismic loads on medium and high-rise buildings in Muscat, Oman. It uses the proposed Omani Seismic Code and Eurocode EN1991 for seismic and wind calculations, respectively. Muscat falls under Zone-1 in the Omani seismic code and experience basic wind speed of 30 m/sec. The research investigates buildings with varying aspect ratios (1:1 and 1:2), heights (11, 15, and 19 stories), and structural layouts (frame only, core shear wall, and corner shear wall), using ETABS for structural analysis. The findings reveal that seismic actions are generally more significant than wind actions for buildings in Muscat. In frame-only structures, wind-induced base shear ranges from 16%-33% for 1:1 aspect ratio and 21%-43% in the x-direction and 10%-20% in the y-direction for 1:2 aspect ratio, when compared to seismic actions. This difference decreases with increasing building height. Incorporating shear walls notably reduces the maximum lateral displacement across all scenarios, with core-located walls being most effective, leading to a 49% reduction in lateral displacement. Shear walls also substantially mitigate first-story column shear forces and bending moments. The study concludes that seismic actions are more critical than wind actions in Muscat for simple moment-resisting frame systems. Additionally, using shear walls in these buildings is highly beneficial for controlling lateral displacements and reducing member forces.
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Xiao, Wen Sheng, Xiu Juan Lin, and Hong Yan Wang. "Mechanical Stability Analysis of Subsea Wellhead for Deepwater Production to Earthquake Load." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 1061–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.1061.
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Subsea wellhead for deepwater production subjects to axial force, lateral force and bending moment under the seismic loading, the effect of subsea christmas tree and casing string’s gravity. Joint action of these forces makes it is possible that horizontal displacement exceeds the limitation and thus loses the stability. A mechanical analytical model of subsea wellhead for deepwater production is established on the basis of the pile foundation theories and material mechanics, the seismic load and behavior between casing string and formation are considered. The analyses on lateral displacement, angular distortion, bending moment and shear force show that the affection of lateral load is focus on the upper section of casing string, and the lateral displacement of subsea wellhead for deepwater production increases along with earthquake load and thus decreases stability. The stability improves notably with the increase of coefficient of soil reaction. Therefore it is necessary to obtain the on-the-spot geological data in shallow formation. The wellhead stability may be improved to different degrees by taking measures such as minimizing axial load, enhancing the conductor bending strenth, increasing the depth of the casing string in soil, reducing the outcropping length of the casing string.
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Yadav, Shubham, and Anjali Rai. "Comparative Analysis of Soil-Piles Structure Interaction of Framed Structure." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 10 (2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem38334.
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This study presents a comparative analysis of a 15-story building with two foundational approaches: a fixed- base foundation and a pile foundation incorporating soil- structure interaction (SSI) in sandy soil conditions. The research investigates the dynamic behavior of each foundation type under varying conditions, specifically examining the effects of different pile spacings and relative densities of sandy soil on the building’s fundamental frequency, time period, lateral displacement, and overall structural stability. The SAP2000 software is used for numerical study. Key Words: Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI), frequency, time period, displacement, Lateral Displacement, Seismic Analysis, G+14, SAP2000, sandy soil
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Jia, Li Zhe, and Zhong Dong Duan. "Convex Model for a New Lateral Load Pattern of Pushover Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 4013–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.4013.
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The uncertainties of earthquake currently were not considered with the various lateral load patterns of pushover. The convex set theory, which requires much less information, is employed to model the uncertainties of the seismic influence coefficient maximum and the characteristic period of response spectrum. Then the convex analysis method is integrated into the fundamental equation of pushover, and the analytic relationship of lateral seismic load and top displacement of buildings is derived. The results of numerical example shows that the new lateral load pattern of pushover proposed in this research may effective simulate the uncertainties of strong ground motion.
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Krishna, Bandari Murali, and Himmi Gupta. "Optimization of Staging Height of RCC Overhead Water Tank in High Seismic Zones Using P-Delta Analysis." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 5 (2024): 4282–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.62564.
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Abstract: This study investigates the P-delta effect, which is a secondary effect or a geometric non-linear effect in the analysis of a circular overhead water tank with a capacity of 100 KL using STAAD software in high seismic zones, i.e., Zone IV & Zone V with a focus on optimization of staging height and to quantify the effect of P-Delta. Initially, a linear static analysis was performed without considering the P-Delta effect to determine the shear forces, bending moments and lateral displacements due to all possible loads including seismic and wind loads acting on RCC overhead water tanks. Subsequently, the P-Delta effect has been considered to assess the structural behaviour of the RCC overhead water tank with varying staging heights. To optimize the staging height, the maximum lateral displacement has been considered as the governing criteria. Based on the analysis, the optimum staging heights can be observed at 30 m. and 33 m. in Seismic Zone V and Zone IV respectively
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Patel, Hemanshukumar A. "Seismic Analysis of G+20 Story Inclined Sky Bridge Building and Conventional Building." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 7 (2025): 398–403. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.73007.
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Seismic analysis of adjacent buildings linked through Inclined sky bridges using ETABS 2021.This project aims to carry out the Seismic analysis of adjacent buildings connected at different levels with Inclined sky bridges. The study assesses selected alternatives by changing the position of Inclined sky bridges at three sections in height, mid-height (1/2), three quarterheight (3/4), and the top of the buildings. Both static and dynamic earthquake loading cases are imposed, based on the seismic codes, to evaluate inter-story drift, base shear and joint displacements. Buildings with and without sky bridges are compared to measure the effect of Inclined sky bridges. The study reveals the effectiveness of Inclined sky bridges on improving the seismic behaviour by judiciously locating Inclined sky bridges as Lateral displacement and storey drift are typically reduced when Inclined sky bridges are included.
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Karkush, Mahdi O., Amer G. Jihad, Karrar A. Jawad, Mustafa S. Ali, and Bilal J. Noman. "Seismic Analysis of Floating Stone Columns in Soft Clayey Soil." E3S Web of Conferences 318 (2021): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131801008.
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The response of floating stone columns of different lengths to diameter ratio (L/D = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) ratios exposed to earthquake excitations is well modeled in this paper. Such stone column behavior is essential in the case of lateral displacement under an earthquake through the soft clay soil. ABAQUS software was used to simulate the behavior of stone columns in soft clayey soil using an axisymmetric finite element model. The behavior of stone column material has been modeled with a Drucker-Prager model. The soft soil material was modeled by the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion assuming an elastic-perfectly plastic behavior. The floating stone columns were subjected to the El Centro earthquake, which had a magnitude of 7.1 and a peak ground acceleration of 3.50 m/s2. The surface displacement, velocity, and acceleration in soft clayey enhanced by floating stone columns are also smaller than in natural soft clay. The findings of this research revealed that under the influence of earthquake waves, lateral displacement varies with stone columns of various lengths.
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Oance, Ionuț-Sergiu, and Sunai Gelmambet. "Effect of Friction Dampers on Seismic Response of Steel Frames." Ovidius University Annals of Constanta - Series Civil Engineering 23, no. 1 (2021): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ouacsce-2021-0013.
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Abstract This paper deals with effect of friction dampers on seismic response of 2D steel frames in comparison with structures stiffened by large sections and centrally braced. For the present study three structures with six storeys are subjected to a time history analysis. To study the effect of dampers in structures in comparison with structures stiffened by large sections and centrally braced, are analysed the relative level displacements, maximum displacement on the top, variation of lateral acceleration at the last level and variation of the maximum seismic base shear force depending on the lateral rigidity. The results indicate that placement of friction dampers improve the response of structures in all analyzed terms.
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Constantin, Anca, and Claudiu Ștefan Nițescu. "Study into the Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Dobrogea." Ovidius University Annals of Constanta - Series Civil Engineering 24, no. 1 (2022): 113–23. https://doi.org/10.2478/ouacsce-2022-0013.
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Abstract This paper deals with effect of friction dampers on seismic response of 2D steel frames in comparison with structures stiffened by large sections and centrally braced. For the present study three structures with six storeys are subjected to a time history analysis. To study the effect of dampers in structures in comparison with structures stiffened by large sections and centrally braced, are analysed the relative level displacements, maximum displacement on the top, variation of lateral acceleration at the last level and variation of the maximum seismic base shear force depending on the lateral rigidity. The results indicate that placement of friction dampers improve the response of structures in all analyzed terms.
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Yaacoub, Elias, Roberto Nascimbene, Marco Furinghetti, and Alberto Pavese. "Evaluating Seismic Isolation Design: Simplified Linear Methods vs. Nonlinear Time-History Analysis." Designs 9, no. 2 (2025): 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs9020034.
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Seismic isolation is a vital strategy for improving the earthquake resilience of structures, utilizing flexible components such as lead–rubber bearings (LRBs) and curved surface sliders (CSSs) to attenuate ground motion effects. This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of seismic isolation design methodologies prescribed in the U.S. code (ASCE 7-22) and the European code (EC8). The focus is on the equivalent lateral force method, also known as the simplified linear method, renowned for its simplicity and efficiency in seismic design applications. A six-story steel building serves as a case study to examine the discrepancies between the two codes. The structure was modeled and subjected to nonlinear time-history analysis (NTHA) using 20 ground motion records, selected and scaled to match a conditional mean spectrum (CMS). Key performance indicators—including displacement at the isolation level, base shear forces, story shear forces, and story drifts—were compared to assess the reliability and effectiveness of each code’s design approach. The findings reveal notable differences between ASCE 7-22 and EC8, particularly in seismic hazard characterization and the calculation of design displacements. ASCE 7-22 generally adopts a more conservative stance, especially for CSSs, resulting in overestimations of design displacements and lateral seismic forces. In contrast, EC8’s simplified method aligns more closely with observed performance for LRBs. However, when applied to CSSs, simplified methods prove less reliable, underscoring the need for more precise analytical techniques.
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Verma, Ankur. "Review on Fragility Analysis of Building Structure in Seismic Prone Area." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 10 (2024): 1166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.64834.
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In general, using a steel bracing system is the most effective choice for enhancing the resistance of reinforced concrete frames to lateral loads. Steel bracing offers notable advantages over other methods, including greater strength and stiffness, cost-effectiveness, a smaller footprint, and minimal additional weight on existing structures. Both empirical and analytical fragility curves have been taken into account. Strengthening seismically deficient reinforced concrete frames with steel bracing systems is a practical solution for improving earthquake resilience. Nearly all structural analysis software, such as ETABS and SAP2000, supports linear and nonlinear static analysis for high-rise structures. Key parameters include fragility curves, the P-Δ effect, base shear, lateral displacement, axial force, and story drift, among others. The findings showed that bracing systems significantly reduce lateral displacement in frames. Fragility curves were developed based on peak ground acceleration (PGA) for various limit states—slight, moderate, major, and collapse-assuming a lognormal distribution. This study aims to develop analytical fragility curves for high-rise building structures.
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Shi, Yan, Zhanhong Zhang, Hongguo Qin, Xiangyu Zhao, and Xiong Yang. "Lateral Seismic Response and Self-Centering Performance of a Long-Span Railway Continuous Beam-Arch Bridge." Shock and Vibration 2020 (August 5, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4547532.
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Based on the seismic isolation design concept of functional separation, a seismic isolation system with bearings and braces combination for railway bridge was proposed. The sliding bearings afford the vertical loads, and the self-centering energy dissipation brace (SCED) and buckling restrained brace (BRB) control the horizontal displacement of the beam, so the functional separation was achieved under the combined action. Taking a long-span railway continuous beam-arch bridge as an example, the corresponding analysis model was established to study lateral seismic response and the girder’s displacement pattern of the continuous beam-arch bridge under the earthquake excitations. The seismic response of bridges with different seismic isolation schemes was studied. The result showed that the presence of arch rib in a continuous beam-arch bridge amplifies the transverse displacement response of the girder compared with that in a continuous beam bridge of equal mass. The seismic isolation system with sliding bearings and energy dissipation braces can control the relative displacement between the pier and beam greatly, and the SCED can reduce or even eliminate the residual displacement between pier and beam. Furthermore, under the strong ground motions, the combined use of SCED and BRB can achieve the seismic isolation to the maximum extent when the self-centering force ratio ζ, the ratio of self-centering force to superstructure weight, is 0.074.
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Adhau, Janhvi B. "Evaluating The Structural Performance of Soft Storey’s Through the Use of Haunches." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 05 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem47962.
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Abstract :-The research paper examines the seismic behavior of buildings with soft storeys, which are high-rise structures where the ground floor is open, often for parking. These soft storey create significant changes in the building’s lateral stiffness and strength, impacting the building’s performance during earthquakes. The study focuses on understanding how soft storeys affect seismic parameters such as storey drift, displacement, base shear, and storey overturning moments. The research evaluates buildings with soft storeys at different levels, using the Equivalent Static Method and seismic analysis through ETABS. It finds that shifting the soft storey to higher floors reduces displacement, and different structural systems can help reduce lateral displacement and story drift. The paper aims to assess the effects of soft storeys in various earthquake zones and with different column shapes. Keywords: Soft Storey, ETABS, Storey Drift, Equivalent Static Method, Response Reduction Factor.
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More, Sagar. "Seismic Performance Evaluation of RCC vs. Steel-Concrete Composite Structures Using STAAD Pro." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 5 (2025): 5206–8. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.71418.
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This study offers a detailed comparison between two structural systems: Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) and SteelConcrete Composite (SCC) buildings, with a specific focus on their seismic behavior. Using STAAD.Pro software, seismic analysis was conducted on G+5 structures situated in Seismic Zone III. Parameters such as base shear, displacement, and stiffness were evaluated. The results indicate that SCC structures demonstrate superior seismic performance, exhibiting reduced lateral displacement and base shear along with better energy dissipation. These findings highlight the structural efficiency and potential advantages of composite systems in earthquake-prone regions.
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Dogra, Nishikant. "A Study on Seismic Wave Impacts and Structural Response in Mid-Rise RCC Buildings: A Case-Based ETABS Analysis." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 4 (2025): 1048–54. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.68440.
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This study investigates the seismic response of a G+8 reinforced concrete residential building located in India’s Zone III using ETABS software. The building is designed with earthquake-resistant features including shear walls, core walls, and moment-resisting frames, in accordance with IS 1893:2016 and IS 456:2000. Key structural parameters such as base shear, story displacement, and modal mass participation are analyzed. The results confirm that the structure satisfies seismic performance requirements with safe displacement limits and effective lateral load distribution. This case-based analysis highlights the significance of proper modeling and detailing in enhancing structural resilience against seismic impacts.
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Benaied, Brahim, Miloud Hemsas, Abdelkader Benanane, and Mohammed Hentri. "Seismic analysis of RC building frames with vertical mass and stiffness irregularities using adaptive pushover analysis." Revista de la construcción 22, no. 3 (2023): 597–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/rdlc.22.3.597.
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Irregular multistory buildings constitute a large part of modern urban infrastructure due to architectural aesthetics and functional requirements. In contrast, their behavior during recent major earthquakes indicated that severe structural damage was observed due to non-uniform distributions of mass, stiffness and strength either in plan or in elevation. Notably, abrupt changes in these quantities between adjacent stories are always associated with changes in the structural system along the height of the building. The present study investigates the inelastic response of RC buildings with mass and stiffness irregularities subjected to earthquake action. Thus, the displacement-based adaptive pushover method is used. This latter is motivated by the application of a lateral displacement pattern obtained by combining different mode shapes and updated incrementally at each analysis step. For this purpose, a ten-story regular frame structure is chosen and modified by incorporating vertical irregularities in various forms in order to estimate and quantify essential parameters' responses. The results obtained are discussed under the following headings: base shear forces, roof displacement, inter-story drift and story-shear distribution. With respect to the vertical mass and stiffness irregularities, it was noticed that the seismic response is more significantly influenced by stiffness irregularities compared to mass irregularities, which were found to have a slight impact on the seismic behavior of the building. It is also established that the simple procedure allows the evaluation of design forces and displacements in a more rational manner, in accordance with the current state of knowledge and modern trends in building codes. The results conclude, however, that the irregular structure cannot meet the seismic design requirements and must be constructed to minimize seismic effects.
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Lan, Sheng Ning, and Chun Xiang Li. "Monolayer Cable-Stayed Steel Moment Resistant Frame and its Lateral Force Resisting Performance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 724 (January 2015): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.724.68.
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A new lateral force resisting system (LFRS), referred to as the monolayer cable-stayed steel moment resistant frame (MCSMRF) system, is proposed in order to improve capacity of original MRF system and reduce lateral displacement of the system effectively. The MCSMRF integrates the respective advantages of both the steel moment resistant frame (MRF) and inclined cables, Likewise, the CSMRF renders both the dual seismic defense line and self-centering capacity. The working mechanism of the CSMRF are introduced. Secondly, the floor displacement (relative to the ground) approximation formula is developed for the MCSMRF under the lateral loading. Eventually, the numerical analysis is made of the MCSMRF with resorting to the developed approximation formula. The results show that the interstorey drift and the floor displacement significantly reduce with respect to the original steel MRF. Approximate calculation formula of elastic floor displacements can provide a theoretical basis for the preliminary design of its components.
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Singh, Chukesh, and Dr A. K. Dwivedi. "Seismic Analysis of Conventional, Braced, and Shell, Elevated Water Tanks for Different Seismic Zones." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 8 (2023): 1381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.55359.
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Abstract: Water is stored in the tanks and then distributed through the public water supply systems. The term "overhead water tanks" (OWT) or "elevated water tanks" (EWT) refers to water tanks that are constructed at a specific height. A large mass that is concentrated at the top of the EWT is supported by thin supports. The horizontal stresses brought on by earthquakes affect it severely. The elevated water tanks all around the world either collapsed or experienced major damage as a result of the earthquake since the supporting mechanisms were either poorly constructed or selected. Different structural methods and materials have been employed by a number of researchers and designers to create safe designs that keep the EWT stable during earthquakes. The current study's objective is to analyze the conventional, braced (diagonal and cross), and shell-stagging EWT for seismic zones III and IV. For that purpose, the lateral displacement and base shear of conventional, braced (diagonal and cross), and shell-stagging elevated Intze tanks have been investigated and compared. The current study also illustrates how zones III and IV are affected by full and empty EWT situations. The shell EWT has performed better than conventional EWT when lateral displacement and base shear are compared.
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Ahmad, Farhad Farahmand, Bhartesh, and Shuaib Qammer Sayed. "Displacement Analysis of RC Frames and its Seismic Performance Appraisal." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 9, no. 3 (2020): 94–101. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.C4250.099320.
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In India when structure engineer’s analysis and design a structure like buildings, they are checking it for displacement because of safety and control of damages; so in this paper a set of frames with different height of reinforced moment resisting frames were analyzed by two popular methods of performance-based plastic design method and direct displacement-based design method. For calculation of base shear, the IS code has been used in both methods and ETABS software used for seismic performance evaluation by nonlinear static pushover analysis. The results of analysis with different methods compared by suitable parameters and graphs, such as: (a) story lateral force, (b) beam seismic moment, (c) displacement profile and (d) capacity curve. Results show acceptable performance in 2 methods in terms of capacity and deformation.
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B R Shilpa, Dr G Narayana, Dr B K Narendra. "The Behaviour of Building Frames on Raft Foundation using Dynamic Analysis." Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology 44, no. 6 (2024): 4008–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i6.4362.
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When designing building frames for seismic reasons, the effect of soil flexibility is typically disregarded, and the design is executed using the outcomes of dynamic analysis with a fixed base condition. Because the overall lateral stiffness of the structure decreases as a result of soil flexibility, the lateral natural period lengthens. The building frames situated on the Raft foundation may experience a significant change in seismic response due to this extension of the lateral natural period (T). Therefore, it is imperative to consider the soil's flexibility, also known as soil structure interaction, when doing analysis on the foundation's supporting layer.
 This paper examines how asymmetric building frames with raft footings behave dynamically when subjected to seismic forces that involve soil-structure interaction. The analysis is performed with SAP 2000*V21 FEM software. The structure is idealized as a three-dimensional space frame, with slabs modeled as a thin shell with four noded plate elements and six degrees of freedom at each node, and beams and columns modeled as two noded line elements. The soil is represented as equivalent springs with one (Winkler) and six (Modified Winkler) degrees of freedom; the stiffness of these springs varies depending on the type of soil and is determined by its dynamic shear modulus and poissons ratio. The Modified Winkler and Winkler raft foundations are modeled as thin shells with four noded plate elements, each with six degrees of freedom, and are criticized so that the element aspect ratios are equal to one.
 
 To assess the impact of soil structure interaction on building frames, the response is compared for a range of building frames with and without consideration of soil flexibility in terms of fundamental Natural Period, Seismic Base Shear, and Max. Lateral Displacement. The parametric study for Zone V takes into account the influence of various parameters, including the number of bays, stories, span lengths, and soil types (i.e., soft, medium, and stiff).
 
 It is discovered that the fundamental lateral natural period and seismic base shear of the system are significantly altered by the influence of soil flexibility on building frames. As soil stiffness decreases, the lateral natural period and seismic base shear increase as a result of soil flexibility. Additionally, it has been noted that as the number of bays increases, so do the building's base shear and lateral period. As the number of bays and stories increases, so does the maximum lateral displacement. 
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Toopchi-Nezhad, Hamid, Michael J. Tait, and Robert G. Drysdale. "Simplified analysis of a low-rise building seismically isolated with stable unbonded fiber reinforced elastomeric isolators." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 7 (2009): 1182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-056.
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The seismic response of an ordinary low-rise base isolated (BI) structure, employing stable unbonded-fiber reinforced elastomeric isolator (SU-FREI) bearings, is predicted by using two different simplified analytical models. Subsequently, the accuracy of the two models is evaluated by using measured test results from a shake table study. Two models simulate the nonlinear experimental lateral load–displacement hysteresis loops of these bearings. The experimental hysteresis loops were obtained from cyclic shear tests on prototype bearings under a constant compression load. Because of the nonlinear lateral response behavior of the SU-FREIs, these models are employed in an iterative time-history analysis approach, enabling the model variables and the calculated peak lateral displacement of the bearings to converge to their unique values. Analysis results show that the presented simplified models may be used effectively in seismic response prediction of ordinary low-rise buildings that are seismically isolated by SU-FREI bearings.
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Qiu, Sen, Shu Cheng Deng, and Zhao Quan Zhu. "Seismic Reduction and Control Analysis of Hybrid Structure with Viscous Dampers under Strong Earthquake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1633–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1633.
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This article focuses on the effect of viscous damper on seismic performance of steel-concrete hybrid structure under strong earthquake. The result shows that viscous damper has effect on seismic reduction and control. The story lateral displacement, story drift rotation and energy dissipation-seismic can be reduced effectively by viscous dampers. The maximum value of vibration-reduction ratio is 36.0%, 67.9%, 36.9%. It is different effect on seismic reduction by different earthquake ground motion. Response of earthquake amplifies under Pasadena earthquake wave than the others.
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Gandharv, Kumar, and Dolendra Patel. "Seismic Analysis of Building Structure Having L-Shaped Shear Wall." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 11 (2022): 614–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.47405.
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Abstract: The addition of shear wall is a type of global retrofitting. The shear wall offers great resist to lateral loads. The response spectrum is used in this study. It improves the structural performance of building subjected to lateral forces due to earthquake excitation. The paper deals with the investigation of building frame with L-shape shear wall placed at different location such as center and diagonally. The result show that center location is performing better as compared to other cases. The reference model shows maximum displacement.
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Ugochukwu Kamalu. "Structural Analysis of Tall Buildings Under Wind and Seismic Loads." Momentum International Journal of Civil Engineering (MIJCE) 1, no. 1 (2025): 14–19. https://doi.org/10.64123/mijce.v1.i1.3.
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Seismic performance evaluation of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures is essential to assess their safety and resilience against earthquake loading. Among nonlinear static procedures, pushover analysis has emerged as a practical and widely accepted method for estimating the seismic capacity of building structures. This study aims to assess the seismic performance of RC moment-resisting frames through pushover analysis based on the capacity curve. A mid-rise RC frame model was developed and analyzed using ETABS software, subjected to gradually increasing lateral static loads until structural failure occurred. The analysis focused on lateral displacement behavior, internal force distribution, and performance level evaluation based on FEMA 356 and ATC-40 criteria. The results indicate that the structure generally performs within Immediate Occupancy (IO) to Life Safety (LS) performance levels depending on the applied lateral load. The formation of plastic hinges was predominantly concentrated in beams and lower-level columns, exhibiting typical ductile behavior. This research confirms the value of pushover analysis as an effective and cost-efficient tool to identify structural weaknesses and inform seismic retrofitting strategies in vulnerable RC frame buildings.
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Abhraneel Saha and Aditya Pandey. "Seismic Performance Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Frames Using Pushover Analysis." Momentum International Journal of Civil Engineering (MIJCE) 1, no. 1 (2025): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.64123/mijce.v1.i1.1.
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Seismic performance evaluation of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures is essential to assess their safety and resilience against earthquake loading. Among nonlinear static procedures, pushover analysis has emerged as a practical and widely accepted method for estimating the seismic capacity of building structures. This study aims to assess the seismic performance of RC moment-resisting frames through pushover analysis based on the capacity curve. A mid-rise RC frame model was developed and analyzed using ETABS software, subjected to gradually increasing lateral static loads until structural failure occurred. The analysis focused on lateral displacement behavior, internal force distribution, and performance level evaluation based on FEMA 356 and ATC-40 criteria. The results indicate that the structure generally performs within Immediate Occupancy (IO) to Life Safety (LS) performance levels depending on the applied lateral load. The formation of plastic hinges was predominantly concentrated in beams and lower-level columns, exhibiting typical ductile behavior. This research confirms the value of pushover analysis as an effective and cost-efficient tool to identify structural weaknesses and inform seismic retrofitting strategies in vulnerable RC frame buildings.
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Kim, Jin Ho, and Tae Wook Kim. "Seismic Performance of In-Filled Steel-Concrete Composite Columns Using Fiber Analysis Method." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 1821–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.1821.
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The study for cyclic load-displacement relationship and seismic characteristics of square Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular (CFT) columns is experimentally and analytically conducted. Nine CFT column specimens are tested under constant axial loading and monotonically increasing lateral loading. For predicting the strength and ductility of CFT columns, fiber analysis technique is used. The analytical results show reasonable agreement with experiment results and the moment capacity of CFT columns is predicted with reasonable accuracy using the fiber model. The influence of the steel tube on the lateral response of CFT columns is studied for the evaluation of seismic performance.