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Journal articles on the topic 'Seismic cone penetration test'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

LeBlanc, Anne-Marie, Richard Fortier, Michel Allard, Calin Cosma, and Sylvie Buteau. "Seismic cone penetration test and seismic tomography in permafrost." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 41, no. 5 (2004): 796–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t04-026.

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Two high-resolution multi-offset vertical seismic profile (VSP) surveys were carried out in a permafrost mound near Umiujaq in northern Quebec, Canada, while performing seismic cone penetration tests (SCPT) to study the cryostratigraphy and assess the body waves velocities and the dynamic properties of warm permafrost. Penetrometer-mounted triaxial accelerometers were used as the VSP receivers, and a swept impact seismic technique (SIST) source generating both compressional and shear waves was moved near the surface following a cross configuration of 40 seismic shot-point locations surrounding

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2

Bagińska, Irena, Wojciech Janecki, and Maciej Sobótka. "On the interpretation of seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) results." Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica 35, no. 4 (2013): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2013-0033.

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Abstract The paper deals with the methodology of performing and interpretation of seismic cone penetration test (SCPT). This type of test is used to determine velocity of the seismic wave in the soil medium. This study is focused on shear wave. The wave is triggered on the ground surface by hitting an anvil with a sledgehammer. Then, vibrations induced at different depths are measured. Based on recorded measurements wave velocity (Vs) and thus also small strain shear modulus Gmax may be calculated. An interpretation of exemplary seismic test results is presented. Crossover and cross-correlatio

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3

Campanella, R. G., P. K. Robertson, D. Gillespie, N. Laing, and P. J. Kurfurst. "Seismic cone penetration testing in the near offshore of the MacKenzie Delta." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 24, no. 1 (1987): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t87-015.

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A study was performed in the shallow waters of the MacKenzie Delta area near Tuktoyaktuk, N.W.T., Canada, to evaluate equipment, test procedures, and techniques using a seismic cone penetrometer and operating on the landfast ice in winter. Seismic cone penetration testing was performed to determine the compressional and shear wave velocities of the subsurface sediments using a downhole technique. Several seismic sources and receivers were tested to evaluate their effectiveness. Typical results are presented and briefly discussed. Key words: downhole, seismic, P-wave, S-wave, velocity, in situ,

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4

LeBlanc, Anne-Marie, Richard Fortier, Calin Cosma, and Michel Allard. "Tomographic imaging of permafrost using three-component seismic cone-penetration test." GEOPHYSICS 71, no. 5 (2006): H55—H65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2235876.

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We conducted seismic cone-penetration tests (SCPT) and tomographic imaging in a permafrost mound in northern Quebec, Canada, to study the cryostratigraphy and assess the seismic properties of permafrost at temperatures near [Formula: see text]. A swept impact source generating both P- and S-waves and penetrometer-mounted three-component accelerometers were used to acquire surface-to-depth first-arrival times as input to produce 2D images of P- and S-wave velocities. Based on the three-component accelerometer records and the propagation modes of body waves, the P- and S-wave first arrivals were

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5

Robertson, P. K., D. J. Woeller, and W. D. L. Finn. "Seismic cone penetration test for evaluating liquefaction potential under cyclic loading." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 29, no. 4 (1992): 686–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t92-075.

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Impressive progress has been made in the last 25 years in recognizing liquefaction hazards, understanding liquefaction phenomena, and analyzing and evaluating the potential for liquefaction at a site. Recent findings related to the application of the seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) for the evaluation of liquefaction potential under cyclic loading are presented and discussed. The SCPT provides independent measurements of penetration resistance, pore pressures, and shear-wave velocity in a fast, continuous, and economic manner. The current methods available for evaluating liquefaction using

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6

Ku, Taeseo, Sung-Woo Moon, and Brent J. Gutierrez. "Advanced application of seismic cone penetration test at complex ground conditions." Engineering Geology 210 (August 2016): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.06.009.

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7

Wang, Hao, Shifan Wu, Xiaohui Qi, and Jian Chu. "Site characterization of reclaimed lands based on seismic cone penetration test." Engineering Geology 280 (January 2021): 105953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2020.105953.

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8

Poenaru, Alexandru. "Correlations between Cone Penetration Test and Seismic Dilatometer Marchetti Test with Common Laboratory Investigations." Energy Procedia 85 (January 2016): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.12.219.

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9

Na, Yung-Mook, Victor Choa, Cee-Ing Teh, and Ming-Fang Chang. "Geotechnical parameters of reclaimed sandfill from the cone penetration test." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 42, no. 1 (2005): 91–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t04-064.

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Sandfill at reclaimed sites is usually formed by more than one placement method. Reclaimed sandfill is often highly variable, and the cone penetration test is most commonly used for site characterization. Correlations among the cone resistance and geotechnical parameters for sand are influenced by the in situ stress level, and it is important to incorporate the stress-level effect. In this study, cone penetration tests were performed at several levels from the top of a 10 m high surcharge, which was later removed step by step, and in situ density was determined layer by layer at the Changi Eas

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Lech, Mariusz, Marek Bajda, and Katarzyna Markowska-Lech. "The use of resistivity and seismic cone penetration tests for site characterization." Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation 40, no. 1 (2008): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10060-008-0040-3.

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The use of resistivity and seismic cone penetration tests for site characterization The use of resistivity and seismic cone penetration tests for site characterization. Recent application of cone penetration tests to geotechnical and environmental site characterization has generated a wide collection of new sensors. This paper presents methods of interpreting geotechnical in situ investigations carried out by electrical resistivity (RCPT) and seismic (SCPT) cones. It contains some fundamental equations and the description of in situ electrical resistivity and shear wave velocity measurements a

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11

Ghose, Ranajit, and Jeroen Goudswaard. "Integrating S‐wave seismic‐reflection data and cone penetration test data using a multiangle multiscale approach." GEOPHYSICS 69, no. 2 (2004): 440–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1707064.

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A cone penetration test (CPT) is the most common geotechnical testing method used to estimate in situ the strength properties of soil. Although CPT provides valuable information, this information is restricted to the location of the measurement. We propose a new concept to integrate shallow S‐wave reflection seismic data with CPT data in order to obtain laterally continuous subsoil information. In this vein, a valid quantitative means to relate seismic reflections to CPT data is a primary requirement. The approach proposed here is based on the characterization of the scaling behavior of the lo

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12

Howie, John A., and Ali Amini. "Numerical simulation of seismic cone signals." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 42, no. 2 (2005): 574–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t04-120.

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Numerical analysis can provide insight into the effect of ground conditions on seismic signals recorded in downhole seismic testing. As part of a study of the interpretation of seismic cone data in complex ground conditions, this paper deals with the cases of wave propagation in (i) homogeneous soil and (ii) soil of increasing stiffness with depth. The main purpose of this study was to assess the validity of the use of the finite difference program FLAC for the simulation of the downhole seismic test. For realistic assumptions of material stiffness and damping, the main characteristics of fiel

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13

Putra, Rusnardi Rahmat, J. Kiyono, Sai K. Vanapalli, and Y. Ono. "Relationship between Shear Velocities Recorded by Microtremor Observations and Seismic Cone Penetration Test Results." Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology 6, no. 2 (2021): 315–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v6i2.34191.

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This research proposes a relationship between two methods such as a numerical approach by conducting a microtremor array observation and field survey by using the seismic cone penetration test unit (SCPTu). A database of shear-wave velocity (Vs) measurements was established using the microtremor array technique and seismic cone penetration test unit (SCPTu) on high-quality samples of rock and soft soil in Padang city, Indonesia. The study also demonstrates that the Vs values obtained from the different methods are consistent with the microtremor array technique. This technique may thus be deem

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14

Hryciw, Roman D. "Flat Dilatometer (DMT), Cone Penetrometer (CPT) and Seismic Cone (SCPT) Evaluation of Select New Madrid Liquefaction Sites." Seismological Research Letters 63, no. 3 (1992): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.63.3.357.

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Abstract Cone Penetration (CPT), Flat Dilatometer (DMT) and Seismic Shear Wave Velocity tests were conducted in four regions of the New Madrid seismic zone. Test results are compared to existing liquefaction criteria and to surface evidence of liquefaction (sandblows) during the 1811–1812 events. In general, all three tests confirm the presence of liquefaction-prone strata at locations with evidence of liquefaction. A “sand blow index” (SBI), which accounts for both local and regional sand blow intensity, correlates reasonably well against the minimum values of DMT horizontal stress index, the

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15

Stewart, W. P., and R. G. Campanella. "Practical aspects of in situ measurements of material damping with the seismic cone penetration test." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 30, no. 2 (1993): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t93-018.

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The downhole seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) procedure has been extended to allow the measurement of material damping at small strains at minimum expense while one is measuring shear wave velocity. The nature of damping, the required equipment characteristics, and the recommended procedure and calculation methodology are presented in a practical way. SCPT results from four different sites give results that are in general agreement with laboratory measurements of damping for sands and clays and with values recommended by other authors. It appears, however, that previously reported measurem

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16

Robertson, P. K. "In situ testing and its application to foundation engineering." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 23, no. 4 (1986): 573–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t86-086.

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The status of in situ testing and its application to foundation engineering are presented and discussed. The in situ test methods are discussed within the framework of three groups: logging, specific, and combined test methods. The major logging test methods discussed are standard penetration test (SPT), cone penetration test (CPT), and the flat plate dilatometer test (DMT). The major specific test methods discussed are the prebored pressuremeter test (PMT), the self-bored pressuremeter test (SBPMT), and the screw plate load test (SPLT). Discussion is also presented on recent tests that combin

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17

Tschuschke, Wojciech, Sławomir Gogolik, Magdalena Wróżyńska, Maciej Kroll, and Paweł Stefanek. "The Application of the Seismic Cone Penetration Test (SCPTU) in Tailings Water Conditions Monitoring." Water 12, no. 3 (2020): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030737.

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The safe operation of the large, outflow Tailings Storage Facilities (TSF) requires comprehensive and continuous threat monitoring. One of the basic kinds of threat monitoring is to monitor the water conditions in deposited tailings, which is usually carried out using a conventional piezometric observation method from a network of installed piezometers. In complex tailings storage conditions, the reliability of the piezometric method may be questioned. The Seismic Cone Penetration Test (SCPTU) can meet high test standards. The results of the penetration tests closely identify conditions of sed

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18

(Fear) Wride, C. E., P. K. Robertson, K. W. Biggar, et al. "Interpretation of in situ test results from the CANLEX sites." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 37, no. 3 (2000): 505–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t00-044.

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One of the primary objectives of the Canadian Liquefaction Experiment (CANLEX) project was to evaluate in situ testing techniques and existing interpretation methods as part of the overall goal to focus and coordinate Canadian geotechnical expertise on the topic of soil liquefaction. Six sites were selected by the CANLEX project in an attempt to characterize various deposits of loose sandy soil. The sites consisted of a variety of soil deposits, including hydraulically placed sand deposits associated with the oil sands industry, natural sand deposits in the Fraser River Delta, and hydraulicall

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Robertson, P. K. "Interpretation of cone penetration tests — a unified approach." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 46, no. 11 (2009): 1337–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t09-065.

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The electric cone penetration test (CPT) has been in use for over 40 years and is growing in popularity in North America. This paper provides some recent updates on the interpretation of some key geotechnical parameters in an effort to develop a more unified approach. Extensive use is made of the normalized soil behaviour type (SBTn) chart based on normalized cone resistance (Qt) and normalized friction ratio (Fr). Updates are provided regarding the normalization process and its application to the identification of soil type. The seismic CPT has provided extensive data linking CPT net cone res

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20

An, Yan Yong, and Bao Tian Wang. "Multifunctional Piezocone Penetration Testing in Geotechnical Practice." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.250.

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Cone penetration test is a fast and efficient in-situ test technique. With the development of sensor technology and the use of new probes, such test is employed in more fields and reveals more soil parameters. Based on advanced CPTU equipment, soil types were classified. As CPTU has the function of porewater pressure test, the value of porewater pressure varies a lot when the soil changes, which is shown clearly in the CPTU feature map. So it can be easier to judge soil boundaries and its result is in good agreement with the borehole. Multi-function CPTU system is equip with SCPTU module, whic

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21

Lorenzo, Juan M., Jason Hicks, and Emilio E. Vera. "Integrated seismic and cone penetration test observations at a distressed earthen levee: Marrero, Louisiana, U.S.A." Engineering Geology 168 (January 2014): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2013.10.019.

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22

Ku, Taeseo, Paul W. Mayne, and Ethan Cargill. "Continuous-interval shear wave velocity profiling by auto-source and seismic piezocone tests." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 50, no. 4 (2013): 382–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0278.

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A new exploratory procedure for collecting continuous shear wave velocity measurements via cone penetration testing using a special autoseis source is presented whereby wavelets can be generated and recorded every 1 to 10 s. The continuous-interval seismic piezocone test (CiSCPTu) offers a fast, productive, and reliable means to expedite the collection of downhole shear wave velocity profiles, as well as additional readings on cone tip resistance, sleeve friction, and penetration porewater pressures with depth. A site in Windsor, Virginia, is utilized for illustrating the collection of data, c

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Goh, Anthony TC. "Probabilistic neural network for evaluating seismic liquefaction potential." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 39, no. 1 (2002): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t01-073.

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Simplified techniques based on in situ testing methods are commonly used to assess seismic liquefaction potential. Many of these simplified methods are based on finding the liquefaction boundary separating two categories (the occurrence or non-occurrence of liquefaction) through the analysis of liquefaction case histories. As the liquefaction classification problem is highly nonlinear in nature, it is difficult to develop a comprehensive model taking into account all the independent variables, such as the seismic and soil properties, using conventional modeling techniques. Hence, in many of th

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Baziw, Erick J. "Derivation of seismic cone interval velocities utilizing forward modeling and the downhill simplex method." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 39, no. 5 (2002): 1181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t02-061.

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The seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) has proven to be a very valuable geotechnical tool in facilitating the determination of low strain (<104%) in situ compression (P) and shear (S) wave velocities. The P- and S-wave velocities are directly related to the soil elastic constants of Poisson's ratio, shear modulus, bulk modulus, and Young's modulus. The accurate determination of P- and S-wave velocities from the recorded seismic cone time series is of paramount importance to the evaluation of reliable elastic constants. Furthermore, since the shear and compression wave velocities are squa

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Karl, L., W. Haegeman, and G. Degrande. "Determination of the material damping ratio and the shear wave velocity with the Seismic Cone Penetration Test." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 26, no. 12 (2006): 1111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2006.03.001.

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Sitharam, T. G., Naveen James, and Monalisha Nayak. "Dynamic Characterization and Site Response Studies for an Offshore Site Based on Detailed Geotechnical Tests." International Journal of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering 6, no. 1 (2015): 50–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijgee.2015010104.

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The uniqueness of this paper is large amount of field test data and in addition laboratory test results on undisturbed soil samples, has been analyzed to capture the effect of local site condition and material properties of overlying soil on seismic ground motion characteristics. This study involves the seismic site characterization and ground response analysis of an offshore site in Western Yemen. From the results of field and laboratory tests, dynamic properties such as shear modulus and damping ratio for a very low to high strain levels was determined and site characterization was also carr

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McGann, Christopher R., Brendon A. Bradley, Merrick L. Taylor, Liam M. Wotherspoon, and Misko Cubrinovski. "Applicability of existing empirical shear wave velocity correlations to seismic cone penetration test data in Christchurch New Zealand." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 75 (August 2015): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2015.03.021.

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Nierwinski, Helena P., Marcelo Heidemann, Laura A. Lavalle, and Bruna Sell. "Study of mining tailings geotechnical parameters obtained from SCPTu tests carried on dry and saturated layers." MATEC Web of Conferences 337 (2021): 04010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133704010.

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The correct interpretation of in situ and laboratory test results is an important step in the design of mining tailing containment structures. This study aims to analyze the Seismic Cone Penetration Test (SCPTu) results obtained into a mining tailing reservoir composed of two material layers: a thick-dry and a tick-saturated. It is possible to observe that in a same tailing reservoir, the CPTu test interpretation can lead to a classification of each layer as a different soil with specific behavior and properties. This condition demonstrates that tailings with intermediate permeability (10-5 m/

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Markowska-Lech, Katarzyna, Mariusz Lech, Marek Bajda, and Alojzy Szymański. "Small strain stiffness in overconsolidated Pliocene clays." Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation 45, no. 2 (2013): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sggw-2013-0014.

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Abstract Small strain stiffness in overconsolidated Pliocene clays. A huge development of technical infrastructure, including the construction of many high-rise buildings, roads, railroads and extension of subway lines, took place over the recent years in Poland. Therefore, numerous planned investment projects require geotechnical data documenting the variation of soil parameters found in the subsoil. The shear wave velocity is one of the most important input parameters to represent the stiffness of the soil deposits. This paper focuses on the methods and devices using measurements of the shea

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Ahmad, Mahmood, Xiao-Wei Tang, Jiang-Nan Qiu, and Feezan Ahmad. "Evaluating Seismic Soil Liquefaction Potential Using Bayesian Belief Network and C4.5 Decision Tree Approaches." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20 (2019): 4226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9204226.

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Liquefaction is considered a damaging phenomenon of earthquakes and a major cause of concern in civil engineering. Therefore, its predictory assessment is an essential task for geotechnical experts. This paper investigates the performance of Bayesian belief network (BBN) and C4.5 decision tree (DT) models to evaluate seismic soil liquefaction potential based on the updated and relatively large cone penetration test (CPT) dataset (which includes 251 case histories), comparing them to a simplified procedure and an evolutionary-based approach. The BBN model was developed using the K2 machine lear

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Juang, C. Hsein, Jianye Ching, Lei Wang, Sara Khoshnevisan, and Chih-Sheng Ku. "Simplified procedure for estimation of liquefaction-induced settlement and site-specific probabilistic settlement exceedance curve using cone penetration test (CPT)." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 50, no. 10 (2013): 1055–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0410.

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Liquefaction often causes damage to infrastructure such as buildings, bridges, and lifelines. Liquefaction-induced ground movements such as settlement and lateral spread are of major concern to engineers who have to evaluate seismic risk. This paper deals with evaluation of liquefaction-induced settlement using a cone penetration test (CPT). Existing CPT-based models often overestimate liquefaction-induced settlement. In this paper, a database of case histories of settlement in recent earthquakes is compiled and used to calibrate the model bias of a CPT-based model, from which a simplified pro

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Elkateb, Tamer, Rick Chalaturnyk, and Peter K. Robertson. "Simplified geostatistical analysis of earthquake-induced ground response at the Wildlife Site, California, U.S.A." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 40, no. 1 (2003): 16–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t02-089.

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Almost all natural soils are highly variable and rarely homogeneous. In this study, the seismic response of the Wildlife Site, Imperial Valley, California, U.S.A., has been analysed to assess the effect of ground heterogeneity on liquefaction assessment in a probabilistic analysis framework. Cone penetration test (CPT) data recorded at the site have been used to identify different lithologies and to estimate elements of soil inherent spatial variability. Monte Carlo simulation has been utilized to obtain several realizations of CPT data that were then implemented into empirical approaches to e

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Tohari, Adrin. "Seismic microzonation of soil amplification and liquefaction for Padang City." E3S Web of Conferences 156 (2020): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015602008.

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The magnitude 7.6 MW earthquake that occurred on 30 September 2009 in West Sumatera caused significant damages to buildings in the city of Padang related to the phenomenon of amplification and liquefaction. This paper presents the results of the assessment and mapping of amplification and liquefaction, carried out in the coastal area of Padang City. Mapping of soil amplification was carried out in 250 locations using the HVSR microtremor method. Meanwhile, evaluation of the potential for liquefaction was carried out in 95 locations using a cone penetration test-based method. Based on the analy

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Price, Bradford E., Marc Stilson, Michael Hansen, Jon Bischoff, and T. Leslie Youd. "Liquefaction and Lateral Spread Evaluation and Mitigation for Highway Overpass Structure: Cherry Hill Interchange, Davis County, Utah." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1736, no. 1 (2000): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1736-15.

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Transportation structures constructed in areas of significant seismic hazards are subject to lateral and vertical movements that can threaten the integrity of structures built on liquefiable subsoils. This case history summarizes the geology, analysis methods, mitigation requirements, and proposed quality control for the Cherry Hill Interchange project in Davis County, Utah. A liquefaction and lateral spread liquefaction hazard during the design earthquake has been identified that threatens failure of the proposed bridge. Cone penetration tests were determined to be a cost-effective method for

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Morales, Camilo, Christian Ledezma, Esteban Sáez, Sebastián Boldrini, and Kyle Rollins. "Seismic failure of an old pier during the 2014 Mw8.2, Pisagua, Chile earthquake." Earthquake Spectra 36, no. 2 (2020): 880–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8755293019891726.

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The seismic failure of an old quay wall, built in 1932, located in the Port of Iquique during the Mw8.2, 1 April, 2014, Pisagua, Chile earthquake is studied. A geotechnical exploration, including boreholes, cone penetration test (CPT) soundings, and surface-based geophysical techniques were performed to characterize the materials forming the pier. The data and field observations were analyzed and used to develop a geotechnical finite element (FE) model of two cross-sections, to define the most likely mechanism to explain the failure. The FE results are compared against the deformations measure

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Zhang, Guang De. "Near Surface Research and Excitation Horizon Prediction Based on Old River Course of Xiaoqing River in Shan Dong." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.94.

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Following deepened exploration and development in Shengli exploration area, seismic data requirements are also getting higher and higher. However, in recent years the difference of Xiaoqing river on both sides have made us know that the importance of this problem. In view of the above, this task is aimed at quaternary shallow of old river course within Xiaoqing River. Our analysis of lithology and sedimentary characteristics are using static cone penetration test and rock core exploration method, and we want to reappear near surface deposition of old river course within Xiaoqing River. The res

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Hu, Jiang Chun, Hong Fang Wang, and Chen Li. "Analysis on the Discrimination Method of Seismic Liquefaction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 1441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1441.

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Seismic liquefaction is a major geological hazard of earthquakes. In the paper, the earthquake liquefaction of subway engineering in GUANGZHOU is calculated based on the standard penetration test method according to the rules of code for seismic design of buildings, specifications of earthquake resistant design for highway engineering, code for water resources and hydropower engineering geological investigation as well as the railway engineering anti-earthquake design specification. It is concluded that different code have very different result on sand liquefaction discrimination. And the data

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Stacul, Stefano, Aurora Magalotti, Massimo Baglione, Claudia Meisina, and Diego Lo Presti. "Implementation and Use of a Mechanical Cone Penetration Test Database for Liquefaction Hazard Assessment of the Coastal Area of the Tuscany Region." Geosciences 10, no. 4 (2020): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10040128.

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This paper describes the implementation and use of a mechanical cone penetration test (CPTm) database for the evaluation of the liquefaction potential in some areas of Tuscany. More specifically, the database contains 4500 CPTm covering an area of 1787 square km and mainly concerns some coastal areas of Tuscany. Available simplified liquefaction evaluation procedures (LEPs) are mainly based on piezocone CPT (CPTu) test results and not on CPTm. An early interest on developing LEPs with reference to CPTm became quite soon obsolete because of the widespread use of piezocone. Unfortunately, in Ita

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Jaume, S. C. "Shear Wave Velocity Profiles via Seismic Cone Penetration Test and Refraction Microtremor Techniques at ANSS Strong Motion Sites in Charleston, South Carolina." Seismological Research Letters 77, no. 6 (2006): 771–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.77.6.771.

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Kruiver, Pauline P., Ane Wiersma, Fred H. Kloosterman, et al. "Characterisation of the Groningen subsurface for seismic hazard and risk modelling." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 96, no. 5 (2017): s215—s233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/njg.2017.11.

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AbstractThe shallow subsurface of Groningen, the Netherlands, is heterogeneous due to its formation in a Holocene tidal coastal setting on a periglacially and glacially inherited landscape with strong lateral variation in subsurface architecture. Soft sediments with low, small-strain shear wave velocities (VS30around 200 m s−1) are known to amplify earthquake motions. Knowledge of the architecture and properties of the subsurface and the combined effect on the propagation of earthquake waves is imperative for the prediction of geohazards of ground shaking and liquefaction at the surface. In or

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Du, Guangyin, Changhui Gao, Songyu Liu, Qian Guo, and Tao Luo. "Evaluation Method for the Liquefaction Potential Using the Standard Penetration Test Value Based on the CPTU Soil Behavior Type Index." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (March 12, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5612857.

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Taking the project of the Su-xin highway treated by using the resonant compaction method as the reference, a new method for the evaluation of liquefaction potential is proposed based on the piezocone penetration test (CPTU) and the standard penetration test (SPT). The soil behavior type index (Ic) obtained from CPTUs and the standard penetration test index (N63.5), obtained from SPTs, are analyzed for saturated silty sand and silt. The analysis result reveals a linear relationship between N63.5 and Ic, given by N63.5=−18.8Ic+52.0. The larger the value of Ic is, the greater the viscosity of soi

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Farhangi, Visar, Moses Karakouzian, and Marten Geertsema. "Effect of Micropiles on Clean Sand Liquefaction Risk Based on CPT and SPT." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (2020): 3111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093111.

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Liquefaction is a hazardous seismic-based phenomenon, which causes an abrupt decrease in soil strength properties and can result in the massive destruction of the built environment. This research presents a novel approach to reduce the risk of soil liquefaction using jet-grouted micropiles in clean sands. The saturated soil profile of the study project mainly contains clean sands, which are suitable to more reliably employ simplified soil liquefaction analyses. The grouting is conducted using 420 micropiles to increase the existing soil properties. The effect of jet grouting on reducing the po

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Galushkin, I. V., N. A. Ragozin, D. V. Stenin, and V. I. Ignatev. "Experience of using seismoacoustic methods for a detailed modeling of geological environment at design of high criticallity objects of nuclear construction." Engineering survey 12, no. 11-12 (2019): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25296/1997-8650-2018-12-11-12-52-62.

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Engineering surveys for the design of facilities with high criticality rating require a switch from methods with discrete assessment of environmental parameters (drilling and static / dynamic sounding), to methods that allow to obtain these values continuously in а massif. The most efficient way to solve this problem is by performing crosshole seismic tomography (CST). The article presents the results of CST during geophysical studies at the site of projected nuclear power plant (NPP). Four cross sections were obtained as a result of survey at distances from 24 to35 metersbetween the boreholes

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Berrill, J. B., P. C. Mulqueen, and E. T. C. Ooi. "Liquefaction at Kaiapoi in the 1901 Cheviot, New Zealand, earthquake." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 27, no. 3 (1994): 178–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.27.3.178-189.

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Seismic liquefaction occurred in northeast Kaiapoi during the 1901 Cheviot earthquake. A contemporary newspaper report describes the ejection of sand and lateral spreading in Waites' market garden at the east end of Sewell Street, Kaiapoi and also south of the Waimakariri River near Belfast. Piezocone probing and rotary drilling on the Waites property in Sewell Street and at three other sites in northeast Kaiapoi found loose, fine sands and silty sands with cone resistance 4: as low as 2 to 3 MPa; it is not surprising that liquefaction was observed in 1901. Lack of precise seismolo

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Holzer, Thomas L., Amy C. Padovani, Michael J. Bennett, Thomas E. Noce, and John C. Tinsley. "Mapping NEHRP VS30 Site Classes." Earthquake Spectra 21, no. 2 (2005): 353–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1895726.

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Site-amplification potential in a 140-km2 area on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay, California, was mapped with data from 210 seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) soundings. NEHRP VS30 values were computed on a 50-m grid by both taking into account the thickness and using mean values of locally measured shear-wave velocities of shallow geologic units. The resulting map of NEHRP VS30 site classes differs from other published maps that (1) do not include unit thickness and (2) are based on regional compilations of velocity. Although much of the area in the new map is now classified as NEHR

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Fauzan, Nadia Milla Hanifah, Willy Peratundhika E, Mutia Putri Monika, and Zev Al Jauhari. "Structural evaluation of 3-story dormitory reinforced concrete building considering soil liquefaction potential." E3S Web of Conferences 156 (2020): 05015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015605015.

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The liquefaction phenomenon is the increase in water pressure in the soil, which will reduce the soil strength in supporting the load and loss of binding power between its grains. Soil liquefaction usually occurs when there is a seismic movement in the soil layer due to seismic (earthquakes) loads. Therefore, the building constructed in the soil liquefaction prone area should be designed according to the standard code. However, many design consultants do not pay attention to this condition and the building still was designed as usual even the building is located on soil liquefaction prone area

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Vongchavalitkul, Sanguan, and Swein Kumpangta. "Probabilistic Assessment of Soil Liquefaction by Using Seismic Chinese Code." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 2248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.2248.

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Deterministic safety factor are introduced by Z. CAO et al (2008) according to seismic Chinese code. The approach was deterministic method used the standard penetration test (SPT) to evaluate the liquefaction of soil. With this method, liquefaction of soil is predicted to occur if the factor of safety(FS), which in the ratio of critical SPT-N value(Resistance) over the actual measurement SPT-N(Load), is less than or equal to one. If the factor of safety greater than one, no soil liquefaction is predicted. Because the significant uncertainties in variable involved in the deterministic factor of

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Rabarijoely, Simon. "Rigidity of “Warsaw clay” from the Poznań Formation determined by in situ tests." Open Geosciences 12, no. 1 (2020): 1274–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0030.

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AbstractThe character of morphogenetic processes occurring within river valleys depends on the mechanical and hydrogeological properties of deposits that build up such landforms. In the case of the Polish Lowlands, a series of Pliocene clay lake sediments (so-called Poznań mottled clays) plays a special role. Their current locations and properties are associated with specific sedimentation conditions and glacitectonic deformations, which the soils have been subjected to many times in Pleistocene. Their presence in the lithological profile influences dynamics of slope processes in valleys’ esca

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Hobiger, Manuel, Paolo Bergamo, Walter Imperatori, et al. "Site Characterization of Swiss Strong-Motion Stations: The Benefit of Advanced Processing Algorithms." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 111, no. 4 (2021): 1713–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120200316.

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ABSTRACT Since 2009, 91 new strong-motion stations were built for the renewal of the Swiss Strong Motion Network. Another nine stations will be installed until 2022. For each new station, an extensive site characterization study is performed to model the 1D seismic-velocity profile and, for some sites, the liquefaction potential. Geophysical (passive and active surface-wave methods) and geotechnical cone penetration test (CPT) with additional pore-pressure measurement (CPTu) and seismic CPT (SCPT) methods are used. Analyzing the passive and active recordings with a variety of established and a

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BALA, ANDREI, and DIETER HANNICH. "Liquefaction Potential Analysis in Bucharest City as a Result of the Ground Shaking during Strong Vrancea Earthquakes." Athens Journal of Τechnology & Engineering 8, no. 2 (2021): 113–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajte.8-2-1.

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Bucharest, the capital of Romania with about 2.5 million inhabitants, is frequently struck by intense, damaging earthquakes (2–3 events per century). The Collaborative Research Center 461 (CRC-461) entitled: “Strong Earthquakes - a Challenge of Geosciences and Civil Engineering” was established in July 1996 and ended in December 2007, but some projects continued until 2010. It was funded by the German Research Foundation and involved the University of Karlsruhe which today belongs to Karslruhe Institute of Technology. The CRC aimed strategic research in the field of strong earthquakes with reg

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