Journal articles: 'Seismic data acquisition'

1

Savit, Carl. "Seismic data acquisition." Leading Edge 8, no. 9 (September 1989): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1439657.

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Adam, Vladimir, Marianela Urbina, and Ricardo E. Suarez. "Telemetric Seismic Data-Acquisition System." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement IM-34, no. 1 (March 1985): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.1985.4315262.

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Roche, Steve. "Seismic data acquisition—The new millennium." GEOPHYSICS 66, no. 1 (January 2001): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444922.

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As we enter the new millennium, seismic data acquisition is in an interesting position. Because of overcapacity of seismic acquisition crews related to the downturn in the oil and gas industry, acquisition technology is essentially “frozen” in place. Companies previously active in seismic data acquisition research have limited these activities, or eliminated them. Some advances related to improving the resolution of seismic data through improved acquisition methods are being made, but much more effort is being directed towards improving the efficiency of acquisition.

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Yang, Rui, Ming Deng, Qi Sheng Zhang, and Qi Wang. "Realization of High-Speed Data Transmission in Seismic Data Acquisition." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 560–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.560.

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Data transmission is one of key techniques of acquisition station for seismic data acquisition system. With the development of electronics, computer science and communication science, a good realization method has become available for seismic data transmission. The paper focused on the independent design & development of Manchester encoding module, Manchester decoding module and parallel/serial and serial/parallel conversion module by hardware description language (HDL) with FPGA as main control unit and Manchester code and low-voltage differential signaling as theoretical basis. It can realize data transmission speed of 16Mbps between seismic data acquisition stations. Testing results showed low error rate during data transmission to ensure that seismic data acquisition station can read commands sent by power station and convey seismic data correctly.

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Kodera, Tohru, Seiichi Miura, and Fujio Yamamoto. "Introduction of Seismic Data Acquisition System." Marine Engineering 56, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.56.97.

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Payani, Ali, Afshin Abdi, Xin Tian, Faramarz Fekri, and Mohamed Mohandes. "Advances in Seismic Data Compression via Learning from Data: Compression for Seismic Data Acquisition." IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 35, no. 2 (March 2018): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msp.2017.2784458.

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7

Airhart, Tom P. "Three‐component three dimensional seismic data acquisition." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 86, no. 4 (October 1989): 1629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.398775.

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Ray, Clifford H. "Method and apparatus for seismic data acquisition." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no. 5 (2008): 2462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2921140.

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9

Ward, Roger M. "Seismic data acquisition technique having superposed signals." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 89, no. 1 (January 1991): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.400421.

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Liner, Christopher L., Gokay Bozkurt, and V. Dale Cox. "Shooting direction and crosswell seismic data acquisition." GEOPHYSICS 61, no. 5 (September 1996): 1489–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444074.

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Four crosswell seismic surveys were acquired in the Glenn Pool Field of northeastern Oklahoma as part of a multidisciplinary reservoir characterization project. The acquisition goal was to generate data suitable for tomographic traveltime inversion. Acquisition parameters and shooting geometry were selected by conducting a parameter test at the site. Following the parameter test, the first survey resulted in high quality data showing clear first arrivals, low ambient noise, some reflection events, and strong source‐generated tube waves. The second survey involved a different receiver well and encountered high ambient noise levels. The noise was strong enough to prohibit first‐arrival picking for much of the data. On‐site analysis of the second survey revealed tube waves emanating from a perforated interval in the receiver well. This well was shut in and was not flowing fluid or gas at the surface. We interpret the source of ambient tube waves as borehole‐to‐formation fluid flow (circulation) associated with the perforations. Since this image plane was important for characterization of the reservoir, the survey was reshot (third survey) by reversing sources and receivers in the two wells. The resulting high‐quality data indicates that shooting direction can be an important factor in crosswell seismic acquisition. This experience influenced acquisition of a previously planned fourth survey so that the ambient noise problem would be avoided.

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Berkhout, A. J. “Guus.” "Changing the mindset in seismic data acquisition." Leading Edge 27, no. 7 (July 2008): 924–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2954035.

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Todd, James D. "Marine seismic data acquisition system and method." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 86, no. 6 (December 1989): 2474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.398381.

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13

Rubin, Marc J., Michael B. Wakin, and Tracy Camp. "Lossy Compression for Wireless Seismic Data Acquisition." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 9, no. 1 (January 2016): 236–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2015.2459675.

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14

Kong, Yinge, Ming Deng, Jian Guo, and Weibing Luo. "Data Transmission Technology of Line Acquisition Unit in Seismic Acquisition System." Procedia Engineering 15 (2011): 2388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.08.448.

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15

Puspasari, Trevi Jayanti, and Sumirah Sumirah. "APLIKASI METODE PSEUDO 3D SEISMIK DI CEKUNGAN JAWA BARAT UTARA MENGGUNAKAN K.R. BARUNA JAYA II." Oseanika 1, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/oseanika.v1i2.4562.

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ABSTRAK Tuntutan untuk mengikuti perkembangan kebutuhan industri migas menjadi motivasi dalam mengembangkan teknik penerapan dan aplikasi akuisisi seismik multichannel 2D. Perkembangan kebutuhan eksplorasi industri migas tidak diimbangi dengan anggaran peningkatan alat survei seismik milik negara termasuk yang terpasang di K.R. Baruna Jaya II – BPPT. Penerapan metode pseudo 3D pada disain survei dan pengolahan data dapat menjadi solusi efektif dan efisien dalam mengatasi persoalan tersebut. Metode Pseudo 3D merupakan suatu teknik akuisisi dan pengolahan data dengan menitik beratkan pada disain akuisisi dan inovasi pengolahan data seismik 2D menghasilkan penampang keruangan (3D) berdasarkan input data seismik yang hanya 2D. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengaplikasikan metode pseudo 3D seismik di Cekungan Jawa Barat Utara menggunakan wahana KR. Baruna Jaya II yang dilakukan pada Desember 2009. Sebagai hasil, pengolahan data 2D lanjutan telah dilakukan dan diperoleh profil penampang seismik keruangan (3D). Profil hasil pengolahan data Pseudo 3D ini dapat menjadi acuan dalam pengambilan keputusan dan rencana survei berikutnya. Kata Kunci: Seismik Pseudo 3D, Seismik multichannel 2D, K.R. Baruna Jaya II, Cekungan Jawa Barat Utara. ABSTRACT [Aplication of Seismic Pseudo 3D in Nort West Java Basin Using K.R. Baruna Jaya II] The demand to follow the growth of needs in the oil and gas industry is a motivation in the developing of techniques for assessment and applying 2D multichannel seismic acquisition. The development of exploration needs for the oil and gas industry is not matched by budget for an upgrade Government’s seismic equipment including equipment installed in K.R. Baruna Jaya II. Applied Pseudo 3D method in survey and seismic data processing can be an effective and efficient solution. The pseudo 3D method is a data acquisition and processing technique with an emphasis on the acquisition design and 2D seismic data processing innovation to produce a 3D seismic volume. This study aims to apply the pseudo 3D seismic method in the North West Java Basin using the K.R. Baruna Jaya II which was held in Desember 2009. As a Result, advanced seismic processing was carried out to output a seismic volume (3D) profile. This profile can be used as a reference in making decisions and planning the next survey. Keywords: Pseudo 3D Seismic, Seismic 2D multichannel, K.R. Baruna Jaya II, Nort West Java Basin.

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Manin, Michel, Luc Haumonté, and Eric Bathellier. "Full-azimuth, full-offset, high-fidelity vector marine seismic acquisition." Leading Edge 39, no. 4 (April 2020): 238–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle39040238.1.

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Ten years ago, Kietta launched a project to develop a new method of marine seismic acquisition using midwater stationary cables and autonomous surface vehicles. We present the concept and the technology bricks and recount the successful performance of a commercial pilot survey. The objective of the technology is to enable flexible acquisitions and deliver high-quality, high-fidelity seismic data without sacrificing productivity. After reviewing existing marine seismic acquisition methods, we describe the technology development, including sea trials. The geophysical advantages of acquiring true 3D/four-component data are demonstrated by seismic data analysis, including simultaneous sources and associated productivity calculation.

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Molyneux, Simon J., Samantha Jarvis, and James K. Dirstein. "Offshore data acquisition in shallow water: challenges and opportunities." APPEA Journal 59, no. 2 (2019): 915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18035.

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The acquisition of geophysical data, in particular conventional marine seismic, in areas of shallow water (<20 m) has always been challenging in terms of cost, quality and permitting. A heightened sensitivity about the possible environmental impact of conventional marine seismic has made achieving environmental approval of marine seismic activity in water depths up to 60 m challenging in Australia. In this paper, a suggestion is made to re-frame permit work programs around in-permit mobilisations where impact to the exploration assessment is maximised, and environmental disturbance is minimised. This approach will be illustrated through a discussion of (1) recent approved Australian environmental plans and water depth issues and a good practice approach to permitting of shallow water seismic acquisition using the Zenaide 3D and Bethany 3D as examples, and (2) alternatives to conventional marine seismic acquisition, including an articulation of the technical strengths and weaknesses alongside a consideration of alternative approaches from an environmental, work program and regulatory point of view.

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Wang, Qi, Ming Deng, Qi Sheng Zhang, and Rui Yang. "High-Precision Synchronous Implementation during Seismic Data Acquisition." Advanced Materials Research 171-172 (December 2010): 764–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.171-172.764.

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Seismic Synchronous acquisition means the Field Digitizer Unit acquiring data of each geophone at the same time. Here we will present a method to realize synchronous data acquisition of which the synchronous process is finished at FDU. A timer will be used to precisely measure the time difference between data transmission in positive direction and that in negative direction. And then work out the delayed time needed by each FDU. In that way, when receiving the command to acquire data synchronously again, the delay time control AD transformation can be well dealt with, so as to realize the purpose of synchronous resetting and acquisition. Through hardware circuit test, the two power stations have 15 FDU and each station is 25m or 50m apart, Accuracy of synchronization at each acquisition station reach 200ns. Besides, this method can be used for reference for technology of synchronization of other serial acquisition systems.

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Makama, Aliyu, Koojana Kuladinithi, and Andreas Timm-Giel. "Wireless Geophone Networks for Land Seismic Data Acquisition: A Survey, Tutorial and Performance Evaluation." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 5171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155171.

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Seismic data acquisition in oil and gas exploration employs a large-scale network of geophone sensors deployed in thousands across a survey field. A central control unit acquires and processes measured data from geophones to come up with an image of the earth’s subterranean structure to locate oil and gas traps. Conventional seismic acquisition systems rely on cables to connect each sensor. Although cable-based systems are reliable, the sheer amount of cable required is tremendous, causing complications in survey logistics as well as survey downtime. The need for a cable-free seismic data acquisition system has attracted much attention from contractors, exploration companies, and researchers to lay out the enabling wireless technology and architecture in seismic explorations. This paper gives a general overview of land seismic data acquisition and also presents a current and retrospective review of the state-of-the-art wireless seismic data acquisition systems. Furthermore, a simulation-based performance evaluation of real-time, small-scale wireless geophone subnetwork is carried out using the IEEE 802.11 g technology based on the concept of seismic data acquisition during the geophone listen or recording period. In addition, we investigate an optimal number of seismic samples that could be sent by each geophone during this period.

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Miura, Seiichi. "A History of JAMSTEC Seismic Data Acquisition System." JAMSTEC Report of Research and Development 2009 (2009): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5918/jamstecr.2009.81.

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Uraki, Shigenobu, Yukari Kido, Yoshinori Sanada, Shin'ichi Kuramoto, Tadashi Okano, Hajime Saga, Jin-Oh Park, Gregory F. Moore, and Asahiko Taira. "Kumano-nada 3D seismic data acquisition and processing." BUTSURI-TANSA(Geophysical Exploration) 62, no. 2 (2009): 277–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3124/segj.62.277.

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22

Bennett, Brett C., and Young‐Jun Chung. "THE EAVESDROPPER: an enhanced seismic data acquisition system." Leading Edge 5, no. 7 (July 1986): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1439281.

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Blanch, Joakim, Jessica Hapney, Margaret Ishak, Aurora Rodriguez, Andreas Laake, and Nick Moldoveanu. "Efficient 3D seismic data acquisition in deep water." Leading Edge 36, no. 4 (April 2017): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle36040311.1.

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Baeten, Guido, Vincent Belougne, Tim Brice, Leendart Commbee, Ed Kragh, Andreas Laake, James Martin, Jacques Orban, Ali Özbek, and Peter Vermeer. "Acquisition and processing of single sensor seismic data." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2001, no. 1 (December 2001): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2001ab011.

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Du, Wen-Feng, and Su-Ping Peng. "4D seismic data acquisition method during coal mining." Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 11, no. 3 (May 22, 2014): 035005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-2132/11/3/035005.

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Khan, Hamood ur Rehman, and Salam A. Zummo. "Functional Quantization-Based Data Compression in Seismic Acquisition." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 44, no. 3 (June 8, 2018): 2151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3367-z.

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Li, Jingye, Xiaohong Chen, Wei Zhao, and Yunpeng Zhang. "Purposeless repeated acquisition time-lapse seismic data processing." Petroleum Science 5, no. 1 (February 2008): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12182-008-0005-5.

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Yang, Yang, Zu Bin Chen, Yan Zhang, and Yu Jian Du. "Review and Prospect for the Land Seismic Data Acquisition System." Advanced Materials Research 684 (April 2013): 394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.684.394.

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Essential characteristics of the seismic data acquisition system should make it capable of measuring high fidelity Seismic data，which can be used for geophysicists to fulfill a geological task. New developments of high technology in Micro-electronics and computer industries, including the extremely low-noise capacitive micro-accelerometer sensor, 24 bits A/D conversion, new generation wireless data transmission, etc. are introduced to the seismic data acquisition system to meet the requirement for global oil and gas exploration. New type of acquisition system faces the new exploration techniques, methods and tasks.

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An, Jian Fei, Ke Zhu Song, Lin Feng Shang, and Jun Feng Yang. "Synchronization Design for Multi-Channel Data Acquisition System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 333-335 (July 2013): 472–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.333-335.472.

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In land seismic data acquisition systems, as seismic exploration goes towards to cover large area, a multi-channel structure is needed. In such systems, synchronization is very important, which has great influence on data acquisition and transmission. In this paper, a clock synchronization scheme for seismic exploration is proposed. In the scheme, LVDS serial transmission is used so that the whole system clocks can be made to have the same frequency through clock data recovery technique. Moreover, to compensate the effect caused by transmission delay, an effective algorithm based on PLL phase locked and FPGA logic is proposed in this scheme. The test results show that this scheme meets the system clock synchronization requirements well with the error precision less than 1ns, which fully demonstrates the feasibility and reliability of the scheme. The scheme proposed here can be used in related systems which require clock synchronization.

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Woog, Lionel J., Anthony Vassiliou, and Rodney Stromberg. "Acquisition/Processing." Leading Edge 40, no. 6 (June 2021): 460–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle40060460.1.

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In seismic data processing, static corrections for near-surface velocities are derived from first-break picking. The quality of the static corrections is paramount to developing an accurate shallow velocity model, a model that in turn greatly impacts the subsequent seismic processing steps. Because even small errors in first-break picking can greatly impact the seismic velocity model building, it is necessary to pick high-quality traveltimes. Whereas various artificial intelligence-based methods have been proposed to automate the process for data with medium to high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), these methods are not applicable to low-S/N data, which still require intensive labor from skilled operators. We successfully replace 160 hours of skilled human work with 10 hours of processing by a single NVIDIA Quadro P6000 graphical processing unit by reducing the number of human picks from the usual 5%–10% to 0.19% of available gathers. High-quality inferred picks are generated by convolutional neural network-based machine learning trained from the human picks.

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31

Laster, Stanley J. "The present state of seismic data acquisition: One view." GEOPHYSICS 50, no. 12 (December 1985): 2443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1441875.

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Seismic data acquisition in the mid‐1980s is briefly reviewed. In terms of hardware, the trend has been toward an increased number of data channels in both land and marine applications. This has led to the development of digital telemetry systems. Positioning systems, particularly for marine work, have made use of artificial satellites. The perceived need for S‐wave information has led to development of S‐wave sources such as the horizontal vibrator. S‐waves in a few cases have been used to validate hydrocarbon indicators on seismic records. There has been a distinct trend toward three‐dimensional (3-D) seismic recording, both on land and at sea, and for both exploration and production applications.

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Bian, Huan Huan, Yu Duo Wang, Yun An Cao, and Wang Hao. "Wireless Remote Data Acquisition and Network Transmission for Micro-Seismic Signals." Applied Mechanics and Materials 419 (October 2013): 555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.419.555.

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The paper introduces the system design for wireless data acquisition and remote transmission scheme of micro-seismic signals. Zigbee wireless network communication technique is used for wireless data collection of seismic wave detection sensor, Meanwhile GPRS wireless packet switching technique is used to complete remote data transmission. The solution is the combination application of Zigbee and GPRS to analyze and monitor micro-seismic signal. The experiment of the system demonstrates that the solution is stable, reliable, efficient and practical when used in the micro-seismic signals remote transmission.

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33

Gisolf, A. "OFF-END SEISMIC DATA ACQUISITION IN THE EROMANGA BASIN." APPEA Journal 30, no. 1 (1990): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj89023.

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During late 1988 and early 1989 Shell conducted a land seismic survey in permit ATP 267P in the Eromanga Basin, in fulfilment of farm-in obligations. Against traditional wisdom in the Eromanga Basin Shell decided for an off-end acquisition geometry.An acquisition geometry design rationale is presented which leads to an optimum stack response. Depending on geological and economical constraints on maximum offset and shot and receiver station spacing this may result in either a split spread or an off-end geometry.For Shell's Eromanga seismic campaign it was decided that, given a 120 channel seismic recording instrument, an off-end spread with 15m source and receiver station spacing and 1800 m maximum offset presented the best compromise between optimal achievement of exploration objectives and available resources.For comparison an 8 km portion of a nearby 1988 centre spread line was overshot using the off-end technique, and was processed by the same contractor with a similar processing sequence. The improvements in data quality obtained demonstrate that off-end data acquisition is a viable technique which can be optimally suited to meet lateral sampling and noise suppression requirements.

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34

Tsingas, Constantinos, Mohammed S. Almubarak, Woodon Jeong, Abdulrahman Al Shuhail, and Zygmunt Trzesniowski. "3D distributed and dispersed source array acquisition and data processing." Leading Edge 39, no. 6 (June 2020): 392–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle39060392.1.

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Numerous field acquisition examples and case studies have demonstrated the importance of recording, processing, and interpreting broadband land data. In most seismic acquisition surveys, three main objectives should be considered: (1) dense spatial source and receiver locations to achieve optimum subsurface illumination and wavefield sampling; (2) coverage of the full frequency spectrum, i.e., broadband acquisition; and (3) cost efficiency. Consequently, an effort has been made to improve the manufacturing of seismic vibratory sources by providing the ability to emit both lower (approximately 1.5 Hz) and higher frequencies (approximately 120 Hz) and of receivers by utilizing single, denser, and lighter digital sensors. All these developments achieve both operational (i.e., weight, optimized power consumption) and geophysical benefits (i.e., amplitude and phase response, vector fidelity, tilt detection). As part of the effort to reduce the acquisition cycle time, increase productivity, and improve seismic imaging and resolution while optimizing costs, a novel seismic acquisition survey was conducted employing 24 vibrators generating two different types of sweeps in a 3D unconstrained decentralized and dispersed source array field configuration. During this novel blended acquisition design, the crew reached a maximum of 65,000 vibrator points during 24 hours of continuous recording, which represents significantly higher productivity than a conventional seismic crew operating in the same area using a nonblended centralized source mode. Applying novel and newly developed deblending algorithms, high-resolution images were obtained. In addition, two data sets (i.e., low-frequency and medium-high-frequency sources) were merged to obtain full-bandwidth broadband seismic images. Data comparisons between the distributed blended and nonblended conventional surveys, acquired by the same crew during the same time over the same area, showed that the two data sets are very similar in the poststack and prestack domains.

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Cahoj, Marcus P., Sumit Verma, Bryce Hutchinson, and Kurt J. Marfurt. "Pitfalls in seismic processing: An application of seismic modeling to investigate acquisition footprint." Interpretation 4, no. 2 (May 1, 2016): SG1—SG9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2015-0164.1.

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The term acquisition footprint is commonly used to define patterns in seismic time and horizon slices that are closely correlated to the acquisition geometry. Seismic attributes often exacerbate footprint artifacts and may pose pitfalls to the less experienced interpreter. Although removal of the acquisition footprint is the focus of considerable research, the sources of such artifact acquisition footprint are less commonly discussed or illustrated. Based on real data examples, we have hypothesized possible causes of footprint occurrence and created them through synthetic prestack modeling. Then, we processed these models using the same workflows used for the real data. Computation of geometric attributes from the migrated synthetics found the same footprint artifacts as the real data. These models showed that acquisition footprint could be caused by residual ground roll, inaccurate velocities, and far-offset migration stretch. With this understanding, we have examined the real seismic data volume and found that the key cause of acquisition footprint was inaccurate velocity analysis.

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Peppin, William A., and Walter F. Nicks. "Real-Time Analog and Digital Data Acquisition Through CUSP." Seismological Research Letters 63, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.63.2.181.

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Abstract The University of Nevada Seismological Laboratory operates an array of 60 analog short-period and 10 three-component digital telemetered seismic stations, 90 data traces in all, in Nevada and eastern California. Formerly, the seismic data streams were recorded and processed on three separate computers running disparate software and writing incompatible data formats which made access to the digital data quite cumbersome. These systems were recently replaced by a single computer system, a MicroVAX II running VAX/VMS, together with Generic CUSP (Caltech -U.S.G.S. Seismic Processing System), a controlled software system from the U.S.G.S. in Menlo Park. Telemetered digital data are stored simultaneously in two ways, unique to this network. First, these digital data are brought asynchronously into the computer using a standard direct-memory access interface and recorded continuously on an Exabyte 8-mm helical-scan tapedrive. Second, the digital data are passed through a D to A converter and intermixed with the incoming analog data stream used for routine network processing. This analog data stream is then itself digitized and presented to the computer. In this way, calibrated digital waveforms are available in the routine data processing stream, now entirely comprised of digital waveforms, used to locate earthquakes. At the same time, this allows easy access to these data in research applications involving the processing of seismic waveforms.

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Guo, Feng, Qisheng Zhang, Qimao Zhang, Wenhao Li, Yueyun Luo, Yuefeng Niu, and Shuaiqing Qiao. "Development of a new centralized data acquisition system for seismic exploration." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 9, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-9-255-2020.

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Abstract. Seismic exploration equipment has developed rapidly over the past few decades. One such piece of equipment is a centralized seismograph, which plays an important role in engineering, so improving its performance is of great scientific significance. In this research, the core part of general seismic-data acquisition devices is packaged to develop a centralized seismic-data acquisition system (named CUGB-CS48DAS) that has independent operating ability and high scalability, which can be used for seismic exploration in various engineering uses. Furthermore, by extending and modifying the acquisition circuit and corresponding software, the function of electrical method data acquisition has also been achieved. Thus, the proposed CUGB-CS48DAS makes it possible for joint exploration of seismic and electrical data in a single acquisition station, which is implicitly of great convenience in engineering prospecting as well as a solution to reduce the ambiguity problem. The low power-consumption computer of the system comprises a 24 bit Σ modulation A/D converter and 48 sampling channels with an optional sampling rate of 50 Hz to 64 kHz. With regard to the host computer, the architecture of the control software is smart, and it can integrate the multiple functions of data acquisition, preprocessing, and self-testing. To complete the networking ability and remote monitoring of this proposed system, the technology of the narrow-band internet of things (NB-IoT) was introduced and tested. Field experiments were implemented to prove that the system is stable and convenient to use, and the performance could meet the demand of high-precision joint exploration.

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Lee, Ho‐Young, Byung‐Koo Hyun, and Young‐Sae Kong. "PC‐based acquisition and processing of high‐resolution marine seismic data." GEOPHYSICS 61, no. 6 (November 1996): 1804–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444096.

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We have improved the quality of high‐resolution marine seismic data using a simple PC‐based acquisition and processing system. The system consists of a PC, an A/D converter, and a magneto‐optical disk drive. The system has been designed to acquire single‐channel data at up to 60,000 samples per second and to perform data processing of seismic data by a simple procedure. Test surveys have been carried out off Pohang, southern East Sea of Korea. The seismic systems used for the test were an air gun and a 3.5 kHz sub‐bottom profiling system. Spectral characteristics of the sources were analyzed. Simple digital signal processes which include gain recovery, deconvolution, band‐pass filter, and swell filter were performed. The quality of seismic sections produced by the system is greatly enhanced in comparison to analog sections. The PC‐based system for acquisition and processing of high‐resolution marine seismic data is economical and versatile.

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Pande, M. M., N. K. Patet, S. Srikanthan, and Mussaddi Lal. "A Microcomputer Interface for Digital Seismic Data Acquisition Systems." IETE Technical Review 3, no. 11 (November 1986): 568–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564602.1986.11438034.

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40

Proffitt, Jack M. "A history of innovation in marine seismic data acquisition." Leading Edge 10, no. 3 (March 1991): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1436807.

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Bays, Alan, Erik Aarnaes, and Donald Sidlowski. "OPTICAL RECORDING: A NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR SEISMIC DATA ACQUISITION." Leading Edge 5, no. 3 (March 1986): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1439243.

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Womack, J. E., J. R. Cruz, H. K. Rigdon, and G. M. Hoover. "Encoding techniques for multiple source point seismic data acquisition." GEOPHYSICS 55, no. 10 (October 1990): 1389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442787.

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Recent advances in vibrator electronics have made the use of encoded sweeps for multiple source point data acquisition possible in an operational setting. Alternatives to existing operational multiple source point data acquisition techniques, using complementary series and E‐codes, are developed in this paper. Most existing techniques are, at each source point, a series of linear sweeps of predetermined polarity that enables the cancellation of the contributions from the other source points in processing. The complementary series techniques developed here also choose polarities such that the contributions from other source points can be cancelled. Pairs of E‐codes have been found that produce no crosscorrelation, which makes it possible to use E‐codes to produce a dual source point technique that is fundamentally different from the more conventional techniques. Field tests are carried out using E‐codes in dual source point schemes. Records from the respective source points are readily separated from the composite data collected and compared with records produced by a linear sweep from a single source point. Harmonic distortion appears to be the major limiting factor; however, record quality indicates that E‐codes can be used in operational multiple source point data acquisition.

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Baraniuk, Richard G., and Philippe Steeghs. "Compressive sensing: A new approach to seismic data acquisition." Leading Edge 36, no. 8 (August 2017): 642–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle36080642.1.

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Fisher, Elizabeth, George A. McMechan, and A. Peter Annan. "Acquisition and processing of wide‐aperture ground‐penetrating radar data." GEOPHYSICS 57, no. 3 (March 1992): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443265.

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A 40-channel wide‐aperture ground penetrating radar (GPR) data set was recorded in a complicated fluvial/aeolian environment in eastern Canada. The data were collected in the multichannel format usually associated with seismic reflection surveys and were input directly into a standard seismic processing sequence (filtering, static corrections, common‐midpoint gathering, velocity analysis, normal‐ and dip‐moveout corrections, stacking and depth migration). The results show significant improvements, over single‐channel recordings, in noise reduction and depth of penetration (by stacking), and in spatial positioning and reduction of diffraction artifacts (by migration). These characteristics increase the potential for reliable interpretation of structural and stratigraphic details. Thus, without having to develop any new software, GPR data processing technology is brought to the same level of capability, flexibility, and accessibility that is current in seismic exploration.

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Lehmann, Frank, David E. Boerner, Klaus Holliger, and Alan G. Green. "Multicomponent georadar data: Some important implications for data acquisition and processing." GEOPHYSICS 65, no. 5 (September 2000): 1542–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444842.

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Many seismic reflection processing techniques are applied routinely to ground‐penetrating radar (georadar or GPR) data. Although similarities exist between seismic (acoustic) and radar wave propagation there are some significant differences, some of the most important of which are associated with the dipole nature (1) of georadar sources and receivers and (2) of elemental sources used to represent scattering bodies. Neglecting the dipole character of electromagnetic surveys may result in incomplete or biased images of the subsurface. In an attempt to understand better the consequences of recording dipolar wavefields, we have simulated numerous multicomponent georadar data sets. These simulations are based on the weak scattering (Born) approximation, such that point heterogeneities in the subsurface can be represented by infinitesimal dipoles with moments parallel and proportional to the incident georadar wavefields. The effects of depolarization and dispersion are not included. Nevertheless, many subsurface structures can be modeled by suites of appropriately distributed infinitesimal dipoles. Georadar images of even the simplest subsurface structures are shown to depend strongly on the relative orientations and positions of the source and receiver antennas. A positive aspect of dipolar wavefields is that multicomponent georadar profiles contain information on the locations of both in‐plane and out‐of‐plane structures. Furthermore, “pseudoscalar” wavefields can be simulated from coincident georadar data sets acquired with two pairs of parallel source‐receiver antennas, one oriented perpendicular to the other. Pseudoscalar georadar data, which are characterized by low degrees of directionality, can be processed (including migration) confidently using standard seismic processing software (assuming that dispersion is not a major problem). To illustrate the advantages of multicomponent georadar data, two field examples are presented. One demonstrates the value of recording dual‐component georadar data along isolated profiles; the other shows the benefits of combining 3-D georadar data sets acquired with dual component source‐receiver antenna pairs to form pseudoscalar wavefield images.

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Ramsden, C. R. T., and A. S. Long. "ACQUISITION TECHNOLOGY OPENS UP DIFFICULT DATA AREAS FOR 3D EXPLORATION." APPEA Journal 42, no. 1 (2002): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj01036.

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3D seismic technologies have advanced rapidly during the 1990s. The new generation of seismic vessels such as the Ramform design with their massive towing capacities has changed the way in which modern seismic data is acquired. This has resulted in a large increase worldwide in the use of 3D seismic data during the exploration phase because of the reduction in the cost of 3D data. A statistical database has emerged showing that drilling on 3D data will double the commercial success rate compared to drilling on 2D data.Historically, dual-source acquisition has dominated exploration (by comparison to single-source acquisition) due to cost savings associated with the fact that singlesource acquisition implies a geophysical requirement to tow the streamers at half the separation of dual-source acquisition. Data quality associated with single-source acquisition, however, is typically much superior to dualsource data. The ability now to tow 12–16 streamers has reduced costs so that single-source acquisition is now cost effective. The surveys using single-source acquisition allow 3D data to be acquired with significantly higher trace densities and crew efficiencies than industry standard, and are called High Density 3D or HD3D. These surveys have benefits of increased fold, improved spatial resolution and improved imaging quality, and can now be routinely conducted, especially in difficult data areas.The North West Shelf of Australia is a difficult data area because of the presence of strong multiple noise trains that often mask or interfere with the primary reflections (Ramdsen et al, 1988). Standard multiple attenuation techniques have had only limited success. HD3D with its higher trace density and 40% improvement in signal-to-noise ratio has resulted in improved data quality in difficult data areas, and should result in data improvements on the North West Shelf as well.Furthermore, the Continuous Long Offset (CLO) recording technique using Ramform technology is a dualvessel operation that has demonstrated significant operational efficiency improvements in long offset (typically deep water/targets) 3D seismic acquisition. Survey turnaround times can be reduced by as much as half of those using conventional techniques. The CLO technique is particularly well suited for deepwater recording.

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Ren, Yuxiao, Bin Liu, Senlin Yang, Duo Li, and Peng Jiang. "Seismic data inversion with acquisition adaptive convolutional neural network for geologic forward prospecting in tunnels." GEOPHYSICS 86, no. 5 (July 27, 2021): R659—R670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0370.1.

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Seismic forward prospecting is essential because it can identify the velocity distribution in front of the tunnel face and provide guidance for safe excavation activities. We have developed a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based method to invert forward-prospecting data recorded in tunnels for accurate and rapid estimation of seismic velocity distribution. Targeting the unusual seismic acquisition setup in tunnels, we design two separate encoders to extract features from observation data recorded on both tunnel sidewalls. Subsequently, these features are concatenated to a decoder for velocity prediction. Considering the various acquisition setups used in different tunneling projects, the deep-learning inversion network must be flexible in terms of the seismic source/receiver positions for practical application. We have generated two auxiliary feature maps that can be used to feed acquisition information to our network. Our network, acquisition adaptive CNN ([Formula: see text]-CNN), can be trained by defining the loss function based on the [Formula: see text]-norm and multiscale structural similarity. Compared with traditional CNNs, our method has superior performance on data sets with fixed and random acquisition setups and also demonstrates certain robustness when handling synthetic data with field noise. Finally, we test how the network performs when feeding the modified acquisition setup information. It turns out that the inversion result will demonstrate a shift when the provided acquisition setup information shift, which verified the validity of the network and its use of acquisition information.

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Yassi, Nabeel. "Trends in onshore seismic data acquisition: a case study on cable-free nodal systems." APPEA Journal 56, no. 2 (2016): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15107.

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The desire to conduct onshore seismic surveys without cables has been an elusive dream since the dawn of seismic exploration. Since the late 1970s, seismic surveys were conducted with cabled multi-channels acquisition systems. As the number of channels steadily grew, a fundamental restriction appeared with hundreds of kilometres of line cables dragged on the ground. Seismic surveys within rugged terrain—across rivers, steep cliffs, urban areas, and culturally and environmentally sensitive zones—were both challenging and expansive exercises. Modern technology has made different cable-free solutions practical. High-resolution analogue to digital converters are now affordable, as are GPS radios for timing and location. Microprocessors and memory are readily available for autonomous recording systems, along with a battery the size and weight of a field nodal now promising to power an acquisition unit for as long as required for normal seismic crew operations. Many successful 2D and 3D seismic data acquisition using cable-free autonomous nodal systems were attempted in the past few years; however, there remain a number of concerns with these systems. The first concern queries whether the units are working according to manufacturer specifications during the data acquisition window. The second is the limited or no real-time data quality control that inspires sceptics to use the term blind acquisition to nodal operations. The third is the traditional question of geophone array versus point receiver acquisition. Although a string of the geophone can be connected to autonomous nodes, the preference is to deploy a single or internal geophone with the nodes to maintain the proposed flexibility of cable-free recording systems. This case study elaborates on the benefits of the cable-free seismic surveys, with specific examples of 2D and 3D exploration programs conducted in Australia in the past few years. Optimisation of field crew size, field crew resources, cost implications, and footprint to the environment, wildlife and domestic livestock will be discussed. In addition, the study focuses on the data quality/data assurance and the processes implanted during data acquisition to maintain equivalent industry standards to cable recording. Emphases will also include data analysis and test results of the geophone array versus the cable-free point receiver recording.

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Huang, Yanxia, Junlei Song, Wenqin Mo, Kaifeng Dong, Xiangning Wu, Jianyi Peng, and Fang Jin. "A Seismic Data Acquisition System Based on Wireless Network Transmission." Sensors 21, no. 13 (June 24, 2021): 4308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134308.

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A seismic data acquisition system based on wireless network transmission is designed to improve the low-frequency response and low sensitivity of the existing acquisition system. The system comprises of a piezoelectric transducer, a high-resolution data acquisition system, and a wireless communication module. A seismic piezoelectric transducer based on a piezoelectric simply supported beam using PMN-PT is proposed. High sensitivity is obtained by using a new piezoelectric material PMN-PT, and a simply supported beam matching with the PMN-PT wafer is designed, which can provide a good low-frequency response. The data acquisition system includes an electronic circuit for charge conversion, filtering, and amplification, an FPGA, and a 24-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The wireless communication was based on the ZigBee modules and the WiFi modules. The experimental results show that the application of the piezoelectric simply supported beam based on PMN-PT can effectively improve the sensitivity of the piezoelectric accelerometer by more than 190%, compared with the traditional PZT material. At low frequencies, the fidelity of the PMN-PT piezoelectric simply supported beam is better than that of a traditional central compressed model, which is an effective expansion of the bandwidth to the low-frequency region. The charge conversion, filtering, amplification, and digitization of the output signal of the piezoelectric transducer are processed and, finally, are wirelessly transmitted to the monitoring centre, achieving the design of a seismic data acquisition system based on wireless transmission.

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Sun, Nai Quan, Yong Mei Yang, and Rui Jing Dong. "Design and Implementation of VSP Seismic Data Acquisition System Based on Virtual Instrument Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 135-136 (October 2011): 375–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.135-136.375.

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Near earth surface can be seen as viscoelastic medium. It’s important to collect VSP seismic signal in near-surface.This paper proposed plan designed for VSP seismic data acquisition system based on virtual instrument technology. This design applied the characteristic that the virtual instrument technology has strong capability in single processing and more abundant, distinct expression to VSP acquisition system. This design makes the acquisition system simple, expand easily. And it provides a practical and useful testing tool to logging exploration of near surface project.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Seismic data acquisition'

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