Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Seismic reflection exploration

Contents

Journal articles
Dissertations / Theses
Books
Book chapters
Conference papers
Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Seismic reflection exploration'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Seismic reflection exploration.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Seismic reflection exploration"

1

Mark, Norman. "Case history: Seismic exploration in Egypt’s Eastern Desert." GEOPHYSICS 57, no. 2 (February 1992): 296–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443243.

Full text

Abstract:

Although oil exploration has been performed in the Eastern Desert of Egypt for over a century, seismic reflection techniques have only been in use for less than a fourth of that time. In an effort to improve seismic imaging of geologic targets, many styles of acquisition and processing have been tested, accepted, or discarded. Over the last twenty‐four years, seismic data acquisition has evolved from low‐channel analog to high‐channel digital recordings. The most difficult exploration problems encountered in these efforts have been the low‐frequency and high‐energy ground roll and depth of penetration when imaging the oil producing Pre‐Miocene sandy reservoirs below the highly reflective salt and evaporites. Efforts have been focused on developing seismic processing procedures to enhance the seismic data quality of recently acquired seismic data and developing new acquisition methods to improve seismic data through acquisition and processing. In older acquisition, the new processing has improved the seismic quality (vertical and lateral resolution), but it still retains a low‐frequency character. In the newly acquired seismic data, however, there is improved reflection continuity, depth of penetration, and resolution. We attribute this result to the change from low‐fold (6–24 fold), long receiver and source patterns (50 to 222 m) to high fold (96 fold) short receiver and source group (25 m), and spectral balancing in the processing. The most recent acquisition and processing have greatly improved the quality of the shallow seismic reflections and the deeper reflections that have helped unravel the structural and stratigraphic style of the deeper portions of the basin.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Steeples, Don W., and Richard D. Miller. "Avoiding pitfalls in shallow seismic reflection surveys." GEOPHYSICS 63, no. 4 (July 1998): 1213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444422.

Full text

Abstract:

Acquiring shallow reflection data requires the use of high frequencies, preferably accompanied by broad bandwidths. Problems that sometimes arise with this type of seismic information include spatial aliasing of ground roll, erroneous interpretation of processed airwaves and air‐coupled waves as reflected seismic waves, misinterpretation of refractions as reflections on stacked common‐midpoint (CMP) sections, and emergence of processing artifacts. Processing and interpreting near‐surface reflection data correctly often requires more than a simple scaling‐down of the methods used in oil and gas exploration or crustal studies. For example, even under favorable conditions, separating shallow reflections from shallow refractions during processing may prove difficult, if not impossible. Artifacts emanating from inadequate velocity analysis and inaccurate static corrections during processing are at least as troublesome when they emerge on shallow reflection sections as they are on sections typical of petroleum exploration. Consequently, when using shallow seismic reflection, an interpreter must be exceptionally careful not to misinterpret as reflections those many coherent waves that may appear to be reflections but are not. Evaluating the validity of a processed, shallow seismic reflection section therefore requires that the interpreter have access to at least one field record and, ideally, to copies of one or more of the intermediate processing steps to corroborate the interpretation and to monitor for artifacts introduced by digital processing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Pereira, Ângela, Rúben Nunes, Leonardo Azevedo, Luís Guerreiro, and Amílcar Soares. "Geostatistical seismic inversion for frontier exploration." Interpretation 5, no. 4 (November 30, 2017): T477—T485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2016-0171.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Numerical 3D high-resolution models of subsurface petroelastic properties are key tools for exploration and production stages. Stochastic seismic inversion techniques are often used to infer the spatial distribution of the properties of interest by integrating simultaneously seismic reflection and well-log data also allowing accessing the spatial uncertainty of the retrieved models. In frontier exploration areas, the available data set is often composed exclusively of seismic reflection data due to the lack of drilled wells and are therefore of high uncertainty. In these cases, subsurface models are usually retrieved by deterministic seismic inversion methodologies based exclusively on the existing seismic reflection data and an a priori elastic model. The resulting models are smooth representations of the real complex geology and do not allow assessing the uncertainty. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a geostatistical framework that allows inverting seismic reflection data without the need of experimental data (i.e., well-log data) within the inversion area. This iterative geostatistical seismic inversion methodology simultaneously integrates the available seismic reflection data and information from geologic analogs (nearby wells and/or analog fields) allowing retrieving acoustic impedance models. The model parameter space is perturbed by a stochastic sequential simulation methodology that handles the nonstationary probability distribution function. Convergence from iteration to iteration is ensured by a genetic algorithm driven by the trace-by-trace mismatch between real and synthetic seismic reflection data. The method was successfully applied to a frontier basin offshore southwest Europe, where no well has been drilled yet. Geologic information about the expected impedance distribution was retrieved from nearby wells and integrated within the inversion procedure. The resulting acoustic impedance models are geologically consistent with the available information and data, and the match between the inverted and the real seismic data ranges from 85% to 90% in some regions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Draganov, Deyan, Xander Campman, Jan Thorbecke, Arie Verdel, and Kees Wapenaar. "Reflection images from ambient seismic noise." GEOPHYSICS 74, no. 5 (September 2009): A63—A67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3193529.

Full text

Abstract:

One application of seismic interferometry is to retrieve the impulse response (Green’s function) from crosscorrelation of ambient seismic noise. Various researchers show results for retrieving the surface-wave part of the Green’s function. However, reflection retrieval has proven more challenging. We crosscorrelate ambient seismic noise, recorded along eight parallel lines in the Sirte basin east of Ajdabeya, Libya, to obtain shot gathers that contain reflections. We take advantage of geophone groups to suppress part of the undesired surface-wave noise and apply frequency-wavenumber filtering before crosscorrelation to suppress surface waves further. After comparing the retrieved results with data from an active seismic exploration survey along the same lines, we use the retrieved reflection data to obtain a migrated reflection image of the subsurface.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Hutton, Laurie, Melanie Fitzell, Kinta Hoffmann, Ian Withnall, Bernie Stockill, Ben Jupp, and Paul Donchak. "The Millungera Basin—new geoscience supporting exploration." APPEA Journal 50, no. 2 (2010): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09091.

Full text

Abstract:

An unknown sedimentary sequence was first recorded during a Geoscience Australia/ Geological Survey of Queensland/ pmd*CRC deep seismic reflection survey in the Mount Isa Inlier and adjacent undercover terrains, during 2006/07. The sequence occurs unconformably underneath the Carpentaria Basin succession in the Julia Creek area, east of Cloncurry in north Queensland, and is named the Millungera Basin. A section through the basin is recorded along seismic line 07GA–IG1, recorded between north of Cloncurry to east of Croydon. In this section three internal sequences are noted—with two strongly reflective units separated by a poorly reflective unit. As well as deep crustal seismic reflection profiles, magnetotelluric profiles were collected along the same traverse. These data show a moderately conductive Millungera Basin underlying the strongly conductive Carpentaria Basin. Zones of limited reflectors beneath the basin in the seismic sections have been interpreted as granites, raising the possibility of raised geothermal gradients. The Millungera Basin may comprise a potential geothermal target. The Millungera Basin sequence is interpreted to overlie granites. Adjacent Proterozoic granites of the Williams Batholith are known to be high heat producing granites, containing high levels of potassium thorium and uranium. The hydrocarbon potential of the basin is similarly uncertain. Strong reflectors in the seismic sections may be coal beds. Although the depth of the basin in the seismic section is insufficient to have reached the oil window, interpretation of gravity profiles by Geoscience Australia suggest the basin deepens to the south, possibly reaching 4,000 m. If fertile beds have reached the oil window, the structurally more complex eastern side of the basin may contain petroleum traps. The age of the rocks in the Millungera Basin is not known. Constraints from the seismic suggest between the early Mesoproterozoic and the Middle Jurassic. Investigations into the nature of the basin are continuing. A more detailed magnetotellurc survey is being undertaken to better define the shape of the basin. In order to reliably describe the basins components, a deep drilling program is required.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Heinonen, Suvi, Marcello Imaña, David B. Snyder, Ilmo T. Kukkonen, and Pekka J. Heikkinen. "Seismic reflection profiling of the Pyhäsalmi VHMS-deposit: A complementary approach to the deep base metal exploration in Finland." GEOPHYSICS 77, no. 5 (September 1, 2012): WC15—WC23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0240.1.

Full text

Abstract:

In the Pyhäsalmi case study, the seismic data is used in direct targeting of shallowly dipping mineralized zones in a massive sulfide ore system that was deformed in complex fold interference structures under high-grade metamorphic conditions. The Pyhäsalmi volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VHMS) deposit ([Formula: see text]) is located in a Proterozoic volcanic belt in central Finland. Acoustic impedance of Pyhäsalmi ore ([Formula: see text]) is distinct from the host rocks ([Formula: see text]), enabling its detection with seismic reflection methods. Drill-hole logging further indicates that the seismic imaging of a contact zone between mafic and felsic volcanic rocks possibly hosting additional mineralizations is plausible. Six seismic profiles showed discontinuous reflectors and complicated reflectivity patterns due to the complex geology. The most prominent reflective package at 1–2 km depth was produced by shallowly dipping contacts between interlayered felsic and mafic volcanic rocks. The topmost of these bright reflections coincides with high-grade zinc mineralization. Large acoustic impedances associated with the sulfide minerals locally enhanced the reflectivity of this topmost contact zone which could be mapped over a wide area using the seismic data. Seismic data enables extrapolation of the geologic model to where no drill-hole data exists; thus, seismic reflection profiling is an important method for defining new areas of interest for deep exploration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Stewart, Robert R., James E. Gaiser, R. James Brown, and Don C. Lawton. "Converted‐wave seismic exploration: Applications." GEOPHYSICS 68, no. 1 (January 2003): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1543193.

Full text

Abstract:

Converted seismic waves (specifically, downgoing P‐waves that convert on reflection to upcoming S‐waves are increasingly being used to explore for subsurface targets. Rapid advancements in both land and marine multicomponent acquisition and processing techniques have led to numerous applications for P‐S surveys. Uses that have arisen include structural imaging (e.g., “seeing” through gas‐bearing sediments, improved fault definition, enhanced near‐surface resolution), lithologic estimation (e.g., sand versus shale content, porosity), anisotropy analysis (e.g., fracture density and orientation), subsurface fluid description, and reservoir monitoring. Further applications of P‐S data and analysis of other more complicated converted modes are developing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Drummond, Barry J., Bruce R. Goleby, A. J. Owen, A. N. Yeates, C. Swager, Y. Zhang, and J. K. Jackson. "Seismic reflection imaging of mineral systems: Three case histories." GEOPHYSICS 65, no. 6 (November 2000): 1852–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444869.

Full text

Abstract:

Mineral deposits can be described in terms of their mineral systems, i.e., fluid source, migration pathway, and trap. Source regions are difficult to recognize in seismic images. Many orebodies lie on or adjacent to major fault systems, suggesting that the faults acted as fluid migration pathways through the crust. Large faults often have broad internal zones of deformation fabric, which is anisotropic. This, coupled with the metasomatic effects of fluids moving along faults while they are active, can make the faults seismically reflective. For example, major gold deposits in the Archaean Eastern Goldfields province of Western Australia lie in the hanging‐wall block of regional‐scale faults that differ from other nearby faults by being highly reflective and penetrating to greater depths in the lower crust. Coupled thermal, mechanical, and fluid‐flow modeling supports the theory that these faults were fluid migration pathways from the lower to the upper crust. Strong reflections are also recorded from two deeply penetrating faults in the Proterozoic Mt. Isa province in northeastern Australia. Both are closely related spatially to copper and copper‐gold deposits. One, the Adelheid fault, is also adjacent to the large Mt. Isa silver‐lead‐zinc deposit. In contrast, other deeply penetrating faults that are not intrinsically reflective but are mapped in the seismic section on the basis of truncating reflections have no known mineralization. Regional seismic profiles can therefore be applied in the precompetitive area selection stage of exploration. Applying seismic techniques at the orebody scale can be difficult. Orebodies often have complex shapes and reflecting surfaces that are small compared to the diameter of the Fresnel zone for practical seismic frequencies. However, if the structures and alteration haloes around the orebodies themselves, seismic techniques may be more successful. Strong bedding‐parallel reflections were observed from the region of alteration around the Mt. Isa silver‐lead‐zinc orebodies using high‐resolution profiling. In addition, a profile in Tasmania imaged an internally nonreflective bulge within the Que Hellyer volcanics, suggesting a good location to explore for a volcanic hosted massive sulfide deposit. These case studies provide a pointer to how seismic techniques could be applied during mineral exploration, especially at depths greater than those being explored with other techniques.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Azizah, Fitri Rizqi, Puguh Hiskiawan, and Sri Hartanto. "Time-Depth Curve Evaluation Method for Conversion Time to Depth at Penobscot Field, Nova-Scotia, Canada." Jurnal ILMU DASAR 17, no. 1 (January 24, 2017): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jid.v17i1.2663.

Full text

Abstract:

Oil and natural gas as a fossil fuel that is essential for human civilization, and included in nonrenewable energy, making this energy source is not easy for updated availability. So that it is necessary for exploration and exploitation reliable implementation. Seismic exploration becomes the method most widely applied in the oil, in particular reflection seismic exploration. Data wells (depth domain) and seismic data (time domain) of reflection seismic survey provides information wellbore within the timescale. As for the good interpretation needed information about the state of the earth and is able to accurately describe the actual situation (scale depth). Conversion time domain into the depth domain into things that need to be done in generating qualified exploration map. Method of time-depth curve to be the method most preferred by the geophysical interpreter, in addition to a fairly short turnaround times, also do not require a large budget. Through data information check-shot consisting of the well data and seismic data, which is then exchanged plotted, forming a curve time-depth curve, has been able to produce a map domain depth fairly reliable based on the validation value obtained in the range of 54 - 176m difference compared to the time domain maps previously generated.Keywords: Energy nonrenewable, survei seismik, peta domain waktu, peta domain kedalaman, time-depth curve

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

IKAWA, Takeshi. "Exploration of Subsurface Structures: Reflection Seismic Method and VSP (Vertical Seismic Profiling)." Zisin (Journal of the Seismological Society of Japan. 2nd ser.) 47, no. 1 (1994): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4294/zisin1948.47.1_103.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Seismic reflection exploration"

1

Carter, Andrew James. "Seismic waves from surface seismic reflection surveys : an exploration tool?" Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633653.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Laletsang, Kebabonye. "Seismic exploration for metallic mineral deposits /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2001. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,27435.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Ahmadi, Omid. "Application of the Seismic Reflection Method in Mineral Exploration and Crustal Imaging : Contributions to Hardrock Seismic Imaging." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-259396.

Full text

Abstract:

The seismic reflection method has been used extensively in mineral exploration and for imaging crustal structures within hardrock environments. In this research the seismic reflection method has been used and studied to address problems associated with hardrock settings. Papers I and II, address delineating and imaging a sulfide ore body and its surrounding rocks and structures in Garpenberg, central Sweden, at an active mine. 3D ray-tracing and finite-difference modeling were performed and the results suggest that although the detection of the ore body by the seismic reflection method is possible in the area, the presence of backfilled stopes in the mine makes seismic imaging of it difficult. In paper III the deeper structures of the Pärvie fault system in northern Sweden were revealed down to about 8 km through 2D seismic reflection profiling. The resulting images were interpreted using microearthquake data as a constraint. Based on the interpretation, some locations were suggested for future scientific deep drilling into the fault system. In paper IV, the seismic signature of complex geological structures of the Cue-Weld Range area in Western Australia was studied using a portion of a deep 2D seismic reflection profile. The pronounced reflections on the seismic images were correlated to their corresponding rock units on an available surface geological map of the study area. 3D constant velocity ray-tracing was performed to constrain the interpretation. Furthermore, the proposed structural model was tested using a 2D acoustic finite-difference seismic modeling method. Based on this study, a new 3D structural model was proposed for the subsurface of the area. These studies have investigated the capability of the seismic reflection method for imaging crustal structures within challenging hardrock and complex geological settings and show some its potential, but also its limitations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Abdi, Amir. "Re-processing of reflection seismic data from line V2 of the HIRE Seismic Reflection Survey in the Suurikuusikko mining and exploration area, northern Finland." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-156975.

Full text

Abstract:

The Suurikuusikko gold deposit is located in northern Finland; it is the largest known gold resource in northern Europe. The acquired high resolution reflection seismic data along the c.30 km long profile V2 of the HIRE reflection survey in the Surrikuusikko gold mining and exploration area have been re-processed. A 15.4 ton Geosvip was used as the source, with a receiver spacing of 12.5 m and source spacing of 25 or 50 m. It was aimed to obtain more detailed structural information of the upper 5 – 6 km crust, and to study the seismic response of the important geological and tectonic structures (e.g. Suasselkä PG fault) along the line V2. The line V2 runs from south to north; in the north, it cuts the mafic graphitic tuffic rocks, which are buried under a layer of tholeiite. It is almost perpendicular to the surface trace of the Suasselkä PG fault in the north. The obtained seismic image showed significant improvements compared with the previous work. The seismic response of the major rock units generated strong reflections, and they can be traced down to at least 3 km depth; the reflections correlate well with the surface geology. The moderately dipping reflections from the PG fault are clearly imaged; the dip direction of the fault is towards the SE with a dip of about 50o, possibly decreasing with depth down to about 35o, the fault can be traced down to about 3 km depth. The reverse movement of the fault most probably caused the neighboring sub-horizontal layers to be folded and generated a duplex structure. The dip direction of the major structures in the southern parts is towards NE; this together with the mentioned information about the fault, can be utilized in order to define the major geological structures and most importantly the tectonic evolution of the area; such information can be used in many crucial aspects such as prediction of the future movements of the bedrock and discovery of new resources.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Moore, David Anton. "Processing and analysis of seismic reflection and transient electromagnetic data for kimberlite exploration in the Mackenzie Valley, NT." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/5027.

Full text

Abstract:

The Lena West property near Lac des Bois, NT, held by Diamondex Resources Ltd., is an area of interest for exploration for kimberlitic features. In 2005, Frontier Geosciences Inc. was contracted to carry out seismic reflection and time-domain transient electromagnetic (TEM) surveys to investigate the possibility of kimberlite pipes being the cause of total magnetic intensity (TMI) anomalies previously identified on the property. One small part of the property, Area 1915, was surveyed with two perpendicular seismic reflection lines 1550 m and 1790 m long and three TEM lines consisting of six or seven individual soundings each with a 200 m transmitter loop. The results generated by Frontier Geosciences did not indicate any obvious vertical features that correlated with the TMI anomaly. The purpose of this study is to reprocess the seismic reflection data using different approaches than those of Frontier Geosciences and to invert the TEM data using a 1-D inversion code, EM1DTM recently developed by the UBC Geophysical Inversion Facility, to improve upon previous results and enhance the interpretation. A secondary objective is to test the robustness of EM1DTM when applied to observed TEM data, since prior to this study it had only been applied to synthetic data. Selective bandpass filtering, refraction and residual statics and f-x deconvolution procedures contributed to improved seismic images to the recorded two-way traveltime of 511.5 ms (approximately 1100 m depth). The TEM data were successfully inverted and converted to pseudo 2-D recovered resistivity sections that showed similar results to those from Frontier Geosciences. On the final seismic reflection sections, several strong reflectors are identified and the base of the overlying sedimentary layers is interpreted at a depth of ~600 m. The TEM results show consistent vertical structure with minimum horizontal variation across all lines to a valid depth of ~150 m. However, neither TEM nor seismic reflection results provide any information that correlates well with the observed TMI anomaly.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

ALOFE, EMMANUEL. "Reflection Seismic Survey for Characterising Historical Tailings and Deep Targeting at the Blötberget Mine, Central Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-452482.

Full text

Abstract:

Iron has been an essential element to human development and iron-oxide deposits are known to host minerals that are labelled as critical raw materials (CRMs), especially in the EU. Therefore, ensuring a sustainable supply of CRMs require access to both primary and secondary sources of their host deposits such as iron oxides. Blötberget is an old mining site in central Sweden rich in both primary and secondary iron-oxide resources (i.e. tailings) from centuries-long mining activities. Thus, this thesis focused on this site, to (1) improve the image of its iron-oxide mineralisation under the historical tailings area through the extraction and processing of 2D data from a wider and sparse 3D dataset, (2) characterise the tailings in terms of geometry delineation and geomechanical property estimation by generating P-wave velocity models of the tailings, and (3) improve the interpretation of existing results in the area through 3D visualisations and comparison. Results from this thesis work suggest possible depth and lateral extensions of the mineralisation for few hundreds of metres beyond what was known previously in the area. It is believed that about 10 Mt of primary iron-oxide resources could arguably be present under the tailing area while the tailings contain an estimated 1 Mt of secondary iron-oxide resources. Also, this thesis work findings indicate that the historical tailings are approximately 10 -12 m thick, 650 m long, and 300 m wide, and has a Vp/Vs ratio between approximately 3-4, indicating a poor geomechanical strength. Additionally, the depth to bedrock in this area was estimated to be 50 m at its deepest parts, with a morphology indicative of complex geological occurrence. Therefore, it is concluded, based on these results, that Blötberget has a good potential to ensure the supply of both iron ore and its constituent CRMs.
Järn har varit ett viktigt grundämne för mänsklig utveckling och järnoxidavlagringar är kända för att innehålla mineral som är märkta som kritiska råmaterial (KRM), särskilt inom EU. Därför kräver säkerställandet av en hållbar tillgång till KRM tillgång till både primära och sekundära källor till deras värdfyndigheter, till exempel järnoxid. Blötberget är en gammal gruvplats i mellersta Sverige som är rik på både primära och sekundära järnoxidresurser (dvs. gruvavfall) från en lång gruvverksamhet. Således fokuserade denna avhandling att (1) förbättra karaktäriseringen av järnoxidmineralisering i det historiska gruvområdet genom utvinning och bearbetning av 2D-data från ett glest 3D-dataset, (2) karakterisering av gruvavfall för avgränsning av geometri och uppskattning av geomekaniska egenskaper genom att generera P-vågshastighetsmodeller för gruvavfallsområdet, och (3) förbättra tolkningen av befintliga resultat i området genom 3D-visualiseringar. Resultat från denna avhandling tyder på möjliga djup och laterala förlängningar av mineraliseringen om några hundratals meter bortom vad som tidigare var känt i området. Det antas att cirka 10 Mt primära järnoxidresurser finnas under avfallssområdet medan gruvavfallet innehåller uppskattningsvis 1 Mt sekundära järnoxidresurser. Dessutom visar denna avhandling att det historiska gruvavfallet är cirka 10-12 m tjockt, 650 m långt och 300 m brett och har ett Vp/Vs -förhållande mellan cirka 3-4, vilket indikerar en låg geomekanisk hållfasthet. Dessutom beräknades djupet till berggrunden i detta område vara 50 m vid dess djupaste delar, med en morfologi som indikerar komplex geologisk förekomst. Därför dras slutsatsen, baserat på dessa resultat, att Blötberget har en god potential att säkerställa leveransen av både järnmalm och dess ingående KRM

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Dehghannejad, Mahdieh. "Reflection seismic investigation in the Skellefte ore district : A basis for 3D/4D geological modeling." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-221225.

Full text

Abstract:

The Skellefte ore district in northern Sweden is a Palaeoproterozoic volcanic arc and one of the most important ones hosting volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, producing mainly base metals and orogenic gold deposits. Due to high metal prices and increased difficulties in finding shallow deposits, the exploration for and exploitation of mineral resources is quickly being moved to greater depths. For this reason, a better understanding of the geological structures in 3D down to a few kilometers depth is required as a tool for ore targeting. As exploration and mining go deeper, it becomes more and more evident why a good understanding of geology in 3D at exploration depths, and even greater, is important to optimize both exploration and mining. Following a successful pilot 3D geological modeling project in the western part of the district, the Kristineberg mining area, a new project "VINNOVA 4D modeling of the Skellefte district" was launched in 2008, with the aim of improving the existing models, especially at shallow depth and extending the models to the central district. More than 100 km of reflection seismic (crooked) profiles were acquired, processed and interpreted in conjunction with geological observations and potential field data. Results were used to constrain the 3D geological model of the study area and provided new insights about the geology and mineral potential at depth. Results along the seismic profiles in the Kristineberg mining area proved the capability of the method for imaging reflections associated with mineralization zones in the area, and we could suggest that the Kristineberg mineralization and associated structures dip to the south down to at least a depth of about 2 km. In the central Skellefte area, we were able to correlate main reflections and diffractions with the major faults and shear zones. Cross-dip analysis, reflection modeling, pre-stack time migration, swath 3D processing and finite-difference seismic modeling allowed insights about the origin of some of the observed reflections and in defining the imaging challenges in the associated geological environments.
VINNOVA 4D modeling of the Skellefte district

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Harrison, Christopher Bernard. "Feasibility of rock characterization for mineral exploration using seismic data." Curtin University of Technology, Western Australia School of Mines, Department of Exploration Geophysics, 2009. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=129417.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of seismic methods in hard rock environments in Western Australia for mineral exploration is a new and burgeoning technology. Traditionally, mineral exploration has relied upon potential field methods and surface prospecting to reveal shallow targets for economic exploitation. These methods have been and will continue to be effective but lack lateral and depth resolution needed to image deeper mineral deposits for targeted mining. With global need for minerals, and gold in particular, increasing in demand, and with shallower targets harder to find, new methods to uncover deeper mineral reserves are needed. Seismic reflection imaging, hard rock borehole data analysis, seismic inversion and seismic attribute analysis all give the spatial and volumetric exploration techniques the mineral industry can use to reveal high value deeper mineral targets.
In 2002, two high resolution seismic lines, the East Victory and Intrepid, were acquired along with sonic logging, to assess the feasibility of seismic imaging and rock characterisation at the St. Ives gold camp in Western Australia. An innovative research project was undertaken combining seismic processing, rock characterization, reflection calibration, seismic inversion and seismic attribute analysis to show that volumetric predictions of rock type and gold-content may be viable in hard rock environments. Accurate seismic imaging and reflection identification proved to be challenging but achievable task in the all-out hard rock environment of the Yilgarn craton. Accurate results were confounded by crocked seismic line acquisition, low signal-to-noise ratio, regolith distortions, small elastic property variations in the rock, and a limited volume of sonic logging. Each of these challenges, however, did have a systematic solution which allowed for accurate results to be achieved.
Seismic imaging was successfully completed on both the East Victory and Intrepid data sets revealing complex structures in the Earth as shallow as 100 metres to as deep as 3000 metres. The successful imaging required homogenization of the regolith to eliminate regolith travel-time distortions and accurate constant velocity analysis for reflection focusing using migration. Verification of the high amplitude reflections within each image was achieved through integration of surface geological and underground mine data as well as calibration with log derived synthetic seismograms. The most accurate imaging results were ultimately achieved on the East Victory line which had good signal-to-noise ratio and close-to-straight data acquisition direction compared to the more crooked Intrepid seismic line.
The sonic logs from both the East Victory and Intrepid seismic lines were comprehensively analysed by re-sampling and separating the data based on rock type, structure type, alteration type, and Au assay. Cross plotting of the log data revealed statistically accurate separation between harder and softer rocks, as well as sheared and un-sheared rock, were possible based solely on compressional-wave, shear-wave, density, acoustic and elastic impedance. These results were used successfully to derive empirical relationships between seismic attributes and geology. Calibrations of the logs and seismic data provided proof that reflections, especially high-amplitude reflections, correlated well with certain rock properties as expected from the sonic data, including high gold content sheared zones. The correlation value, however, varied with signal-to-noise ratio and crookedness of the seismic line. Subsequent numerical modelling confirmed that separating soft from hard rocks can be based on both general reflectivity pattern and impedance contrasts.
Indeed impedance inversions on the calibrated seismic and sonic data produced reliable volumetric separations between harder rocks (basalt and dolerite) and softer rock (intermediate intrusive, mafic, and volcaniclastic). Acoustic impedance inversions produced the most statistically valid volumetric predictions with the simultaneous use of acoustic and elastic inversions producing stable separation of softer and harder rocks zones. Similarly, Lambda-Mu-Rho inversions showed good separations between softer and harder rock zones. With high gold content rock associated more with “softer” hard rocks and sheared zones, these volumetric inversion provide valuable information for targeted mining. The geostatistical method applied to attribute analysis, however, was highly ambiguous due to low correlations and thus produced overly generalized predictions. Overall reliability of the seismic inversion results were based on quality and quantity of sonic data leaving the East Victory data set, again with superior results as compared to the Intrepid data set.
In general, detailed processing and analysis of the 2D seismic data and the study of the relationship between the recorded wave-field and rock properties measured from borehole logs, core samples and open cut mining, revealed that positive correlations can be developed between the two. The results of rigorous research show that rock characterization using seismic methodology will greatly benefit the mineral industry.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Benazzouz, Omar. "New tools for subsurface imaging of 3D seismic node data in hydrocarbon exploration." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16799.

Full text

Abstract:

Doutoramento em Geociências
A aquisição de dados sísmicos de reflexão multicanal 3D/4D usando Ocean Bottom NODES de 4 componentes constitui atualmente um sector de importância crescente no mercado da aquisição de dados reflexão sísmica marinha na indústria petrolífera. Este tipo de dados permite obter imagens de sub-superfície de alta qualidade, com baixos níveis de ruído, banda larga, boa iluminação azimutal, offsets longos, elevada resolução e aquisição de tanto ondas P como S. A aquisição de dados é altamente repetitiva e portanto ideal para campanhas 4D. No entanto, existem diferenças significativas na geometria de aquisição e amostragem do campo de ondas relativamente aos métodos convencionais com streamers rebocados à superfície, pelo que é necessário desenvolver de novas ferramentas para o processamento deste tipo de dados. Esta tese investiga três aspectos do processamento de dados de OBSs/NODES ainda não totalmente resolvidos de forma satisfatória: a deriva aleatória dos relógios internos, o posicionamento de precisão dos OBSs e a implementação de algoritmos de migração prestack 3D em profundidade eficientes para obtenção de imagens precisas de subsuperfície. Foram desenvolvidos novos procedimentos para resolver estas situações, que foram aplicados a dados sintéticos e a dados reais. Foi desenvolvido um novo método para detecção e correcção de deriva aleatória dos relógios internos, usando derivadas de ordem elevada. Foi ainda desenvolvido um novo método de posicionamento de precisão de OBSs usando multilateração e foram criadas ferramentas de interpolação/extrapolação dos modelos de velocidades 3D de forma a cobrirem a extensão total área de aquisição. Foram implementados algoritmos robustos de filtragem para preparar o campo de velocidades para o traçado de raios e minimizar os artefactos na migração Krichhoff pre-stack 3D em profundidade. Os resultados obtidos mostram um melhoramento significativo em todas as situações analisadas. Foi desenvolvido o software necessário para o efeito e criadas soluções computacionais eficientes. As soluções computacionais desenvolvidas foram integradas num software standard de processamento de sísmica (SPW) utilizado na indústria, de forma a criar, conjuntamente com as ferramentas já existentes, um workflow de processamento integrado para dados de OBS/NODES, desde a aquisição e controle de qualidade à produção dos volumes sísmicos migrados pre-stack em profundidade.
Ocean bottom recording of 3D/4D multichannel seismic reflection data using 4 component Nodes is a recent and growing major segment in the marine seismic acquisition market in the oil and gas industry. These data provide high quality subsurface imaging with low ambient noise levels, broad bandwidth, wide azimuth illumination, long-offset, high resolution, and recordings of both P and S waves. In addition, data acquisition is highly repeatable and therefore ideal for 4D surveys. However, there are significant differences in acquisition geometry and wavefield sampling, compared to the conventional towed streamer data, which require new tools to be developed for data processing. This thesis investigates three key issues in OBS/NODE data processing that have not yet been satisfactorily fully solved: random clock drifts, accurate OBS positioning and efficient 3D pre-stack depth migration algorithms for accurate subsurface imaging. New procedures were developed to tackle these issues and these were tested on synthetic and real datasets. A new method for random clock drift was created using high order derivatives to detect and correct these residual drifts. A new accurate OBS/NODE positioning algorithm, using multilateration was developed. Tools were created for interpolation/extrapolation of 3D velocity functions across the full extent of the acquisition survey, and robust smoothing algorithms were used to prepare the velocity field to be used for ray tracing and prestack 3D Kirchhoff depth migration, so as to minimize migration artifacts. The results obtained show a clear improvement in all situations analyzed. Dedicated software tools were created and computationally efficient solutions were implemented. These were incorporated into an industry standard seismic processing software package (SPW), so as to provide, together with the already existing tools, a fully integrated processing workflow for OBS/NODE data, from data acquisition and quality control, to the production of the final pre-stack depth migrated seismic volumes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Fitch, Simon, and Vincent L. Gaffney. "The application of extensive 3D Seismic Reflection Data for the exploration of extensive inundated Palaeolandscapes." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/15544.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Books on the topic "Seismic reflection exploration"

1

Waters, Kenneth Harold. Reflection seismology: A tool for energy resource exploration. 3rd ed. New York: Wiley, 1987.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Waters, Kenneth Harold. Reflection seismology: A tool for energy resource exploration. 3rd ed. Malabar, Fla: Krieger Pub. Co., 1992.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Peter, Kennett, ed. Vertical seismic profiling and its exploration potential. Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1985.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Syntactic pattern recognition for seismic oil exploration. River Edge, NJ: World Scientific, 2002.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Robinson, Enders A. Digital imaging and deconvolution: The ABCs of seismic exploration and processing. Tulsa, Okla., U.S.A: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2008.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Imaging the earth's interior. Oxford [England]: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1985.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

1947-, McCormack M. D., Neitzel E. B, and Winterstein D. F, eds. Multicomponent seismology in petroleum exploration. Tulsa, OK: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1991.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Hai yang shi you di zhen kan tan: Zi liao cai ji yu chu li = Offshore Oil Seismic Exploration : Data Acquisition and Processing. Beijing: Shi you gong ye chu ban she, 2012.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Robinson, E. A. Seismic Inversion and Deconvolution (Handbook of Geophysical Exploration: Seismic Exploration). Pergamon, 1999.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Robinson, E. A. Seismic Inversion and Deconvolution (Handbook of Geophysical Exploration: Seismic Exploration). Pergamon, 1999.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Seismic reflection exploration"

1

Alsadi, Hamid N. "2D Seismic Reflection Surveying." In Seismic Hydrocarbon Exploration, 105–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40436-3_6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Alsadi, Hamid N. "3D Seismic Reflection Surveying." In Seismic Hydrocarbon Exploration, 139–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40436-3_7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Alsadi, Hamid N. "The Seismic Reflection Signal." In Seismic Hydrocarbon Exploration, 169–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40436-3_8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Alsadi, Hamid N. "Processing of Seismic Reflection Data." In Seismic Hydrocarbon Exploration, 245–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40436-3_10.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Alsadi, Hamid N. "Interpretation of Seismic Reflection Data." In Seismic Hydrocarbon Exploration, 301–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40436-3_12.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Alsadi, Hamid N. "Seismic Wave Reflection and Diffraction." In Seismic Hydrocarbon Exploration, 71–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40436-3_4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Upadhyay, S. K. "Exploration Value of Fracture-Induced Anisotropy." In Seismic Reflection Processing, 557–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09843-1_17.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Nanda, Niranjan C. "Seismic Reflection Principles: Basics." In Seismic Data Interpretation and Evaluation for Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production, 19–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26491-2_2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Nanda, Niranjan C. "Seismic Reflection Principles—Basics." In Seismic Data Interpretation and Evaluation for Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production, 25–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75301-6_2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Sinvhal, Amita, and Harsha Sinvhal. "Recognized Patterns and Seismic Reflection Data." In Seismic Modelling and Pattern Recognition in Oil Exploration, 145–64. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2570-3_8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Seismic reflection exploration"

1

Mazzotti, Alfredo. "Reflection Seismic Methods for Deep Geothermal Exploration." In DGG/EAGE Workshop - Geophysics for Deep Thermal Energy. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201411918.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Mazzotti, Alfredo, Michele Casini, and Simonetta Ciuffi. "Reflection Seismic Methods for Deep Geothermal Exploration." In DGG/EAGE Workshop - Geophysics for Deep Thermal Energy. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201411930.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Urosevic, M., A. Bona, S. Ziramov, R. Martin, J. Dwyer, and A. Foley. "Reflection Seismic with DAS, Why and Where?" In 2nd Conference on Geophysics for Mineral Exploration and Mining. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201802736.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Kragh, E., and N. R. Goulty. "Hole-to-surface seismic reflection surveys for opencast coal exploration." In 53rd EAEG Meeting. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201410824.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Gil, A., A. Malehmir, S. Buske, J. Alcalde, P. Ayarza, L. Lindskog, B. Spicer, et al. "Reflection Seismic Imaging in the Zinkgruvan Mining Area, Central Sweden." In NSG2020 3rd Conference on Geophysics for Mineral Exploration and Mining. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202020091.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Menu, F., A. Greenwood, and A. Kepic. "Comparative Study of Crosshole Seismic Reflection and VSP Imaging." In Near Surface Geoscience 2016 - First Conference on Geophysics for Mineral Exploration and Mining. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201602135.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Ashida, Y. "Data Processing of Reflection Seismic Data by Use of Neural Network." In International Symposium on Recent Advances in Exploration Geophysics (RAEG 1995). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2352-8265.20140003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Jørgensen, F., E. Auken, H. Lykke-Andersen, and K. I. Sørensen. "Groundwater exploration by use of TEM, reflection seismic surveys and drillings." In 9th EAGE/EEGS Meeting. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201414538.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Dell‘Aversana, P., D. Colombo, S. Morandi, and M. Buia. "Thrust Belt Exploration by "Global Offset" Seismic and Reflection/Refraction Tomography." In 63rd EAGE Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.15.p022.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Liu, Guofeng, Xiaohong Meng, Handong Tan, and Zhaoxi Chen. "Reflection seismic and CSAMT in thrust controlled mineral exploration, Fujian, China." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2018. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2018-2987762.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Seismic reflection exploration"

1

Owen, Thomas E., Jorge O. Parra, and James C. Baird. Shear-Wave Seismic Reflection Exploration for Cavities and Tunnels. Volume 1. Study and Design of Techniques. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada260671.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!