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Journal articles on the topic 'Seismic retrofitting'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Gonçalves, A. M., J. Gomes-Ferreira, L. Guerreiro, and F. Branco. "Seismic retrofitting of timber framed walls." Materiales de Construcción 64, no. 316 (2014): e040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2014.06913.

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2

Yin, Ru, Yong Zhan Chen, and Zhong Fan Chen. "Applications of Seismic Isolation Retrofitting in Historic Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 723 (January 2015): 358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.723.358.

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Compared with conventional methods of seismic retrofitting, seismic isolation is not only more economical, but also can preserve the original appearance of historic buildings. Therefore, this method is more suitable for retrofitting of historic buildings. This paper briefly introduces the basic principles of seismic isolation retrofitting and some application examples at home and abroad. Besides, this paper summarizes some issues that should be paid attention to in seismic isolation retrofitting.

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3

Banarase, Mayur. "A Review: Economic Evaluation of Seismic Retrofitting." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 3 (2025): 1423–27. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.67437.

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Seismic retrofitting is a critical strategy for enhancing the resilience and safety of structures, particularly in earthquake-prone regions. Various retrofitting techniques, including fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) applications, energy dissipation devices, shear walls, and steel bracing, have been explored for their effectiveness in improving structural performance. This study reviews the existing literature on seismic retrofitting, highlighting the role of financial incentives, market strategies, and regulatory frameworks in promoting retrofitting practices. The effectiveness of FRP materials

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4

Tian, Yuan, Jingyi Ren, Zhen Xu, and Mingzhu Qi. "A Cost–Benefit Analysis Framework for City-Scale Seismic Retrofitting Scheme of Buildings." Buildings 13, no. 2 (2023): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020477.

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To improve urban seismic resilience, a reasonable seismic retrofitting scheme for buildings is required. Urban cities contain a large number of buildings, making it challenging to precisely assess the seismic retrofitting benefits of each one. This paper proposes a cost–benefit assessment framework that takes into account seismic risk, seismic damage, retrofit costs, economic losses, and cost–benefit analyses for the city-scale seismic retrofitting of buildings. The proposed framework adopts readily available building parameters, including the number of stories, construction year, total height

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5

Abas, Hassan A., and M. A. Ismaeil. "Influence of using Micropiles as Retrofitting Method for Bridge Shallow Footing: Numerical Study." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 10, no. 4 (2021): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.d8557.0210421.

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Seismic retrofitting of the existing bridges, which was not properly constructed for seismic loading, is necessary. This paper examines and evaluates the effect of using micropiles as retrofitting method to improve seismic performance for bridge shallow footing. Numerical simulations using Plaxis-3D have been performed to study the effect of using micropiles to mitigate the seismic hazard and enhance the deformation characteristic of bridge shallow footing. Displacement and acceleration induced by seismic loading before and after retrofitting were assessed and compared. The results showed a si

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Hassan., A. Abas *., and Ismaeil M.A. "Influence of using Micropiles as Retrofitting Method for Bridge Shallow Footing: Numerical Study." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) 10, no. 4 (2021): 181–90. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.D8557.0210421.

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Seismic retrofitting of the existing bridges, which was not properly constructed for seismic loading, is necessary. This paper examines and evaluates the effect of using micropiles as retrofitting method to improve seismic performance for bridge shallow footing. Numerical simulations using Plaxis-3D have been performed to study the effect of using micropiles to mitigate the seismic hazard and enhance the deformation characteristic of bridge shallow footing. Displacement and acceleration induced by seismic loading before and after retrofitting were assessed and compared. The results showed a si

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7

Zuluaga, Simon Sanchez, Stylianos Kallioras, and Anastasios Tsiavos. "Optimization of Synergetic Seismic and Energy Retrofitting Based on Timber Beams and Bio-Based Infill Panels: Application to an Existing Masonry Building in Switzerland." Buildings 12, no. 8 (2022): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081126.

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This paper presents an optimization process for the design of a novel synergetic seismic and energy retrofitting strategy that combines the favorable mechanical properties of timber and the attractive thermal insulation properties of bio-based materials. The novel method, defined as Strong Thermal and Seismic Backs (STSB), comprises the attachment of timber frames and bio-based thermal insulation panels on the vertical envelope and the facade walls of existing masonry buildings, thus improving both the seismic behavior and the energy performance of these buildings. This strategy is integrated

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8

Liu, Kai, Ya An Wang, and Ming Wang. "Experimental and Numerical Study of Enhancing the Seismic Behavior of Rammed Earth Buildings." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 925–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.925.

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Rammed earth structures are widely used as farmers dwellings in the southwest of China, however, they are extremely vulnerable to earthquake loadings. An economic, environmental-friendly and less-intervention seismic retrofitting technique is required to reinforce these dwellings so as to increase regional seismic capability. A preliminary laboratory testing was conducted to investigate the enhancement of the seismic behavior of the rammed earth wall with externally bonded fibers. Different retrofitting materials and adhesives were tested to characterize their mechanical properties and bonding

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9

Sreadha A R, Dr.C.Pany and M V Varkey. "A Review on Seismic Retrofit of Beam-Column Joints." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 06, no. 09 (2020): 80–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst060914.

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Earthquakes are one of the biggest life-threats in the world. The effect is immediate, with little to no warning about damage plans and the collapse of buildings/structures. Prevention of earthquake-related disasters has become more and more important in recent years. Preventing disasters involves reducing seismic risk by retrofitting existing buildings. Seismic retrofitting has now become a crucial issue. Retrofitting helps improve the structure's strength, resistivity and overall lifespan. Recent occurrences of earthquakes in various parts of the world have clearly shown the urgency of repai

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10

Vona, Marco, Amedeo Flora, Emiliano Carlucci, and Enrico Foscolo. "Seismic Retrofitting Resilience-Based for Strategic RC Buildings." Buildings 11, no. 3 (2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11030111.

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The resilience of communities is given by the ideal convolution of the resilience of all their single parts. Strategic buildings require high levels of performance during and after a seismic sequence. Consequently, the seismic retrofitting of old strategic buildings is a central issue in prevention and mitigation strategies. The core of the study is a resilience approach to the seismic retrofitting of existing strategic buildings. Different performance levels are considered and four different retrofitting techniques are compared according to their fragility, and their post-earthquake cost and

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11

Liu, Zhansheng, and Jie Xue. "Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Mixed Reality Seismic Retrofitting Training System." Buildings 12, no. 10 (2022): 1598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101598.

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Due to the complexity of the construction environment and retrofitting methods, it is difficult to achieve the expected retrofitting effect. Therefore, effective seismic retrofitting training is a necessary way to ensure retrofitting workers acquire enough professional knowledge, skills and safe behaviors, which are critical to retrofitting. Mixed reality has huge potential in construction training. This paper conducts a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the MR seismic retrofitting training system to research the potential of MR in training. The purpose of this research was to provide scientif

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12

Camayang, Jhon Philip P., and Juland A. Padilla. "Seismic Retrofitting: Techniques and Innovations for Structural Resilience." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1450, no. 1 (2025): 012008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1450/1/012008.

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Abstract Seismic retrofitting is essential for improving the resilience of existing structures, particularly in earthquake-prone areas. This review explores recent advancements in retrofitting techniques, including fiber-reinforced polymer composites, concrete jacketing, steel bracing systems, and innovative materials such as shape memory alloys. The study highlights the effectiveness, sustainability, and energy efficiency of these techniques, emphasizing their role in enhancing structural strength and minimizing seismic damage. Machine learning and advanced modelling approach-es are also disc

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13

Dai, Kuangyu, Ke Bi, Guohua Song, Zhichao Jiang, and Xiaohui Yu. "Evaluating the Seismic Risk of FRP Retrofitting Schemes for Corroded RC Frame Structures Based on Benefit‐Cost Assessment." Earthquake Engineering and Resilience 4, no. 1 (2025): 97–115. https://doi.org/10.1002/eer2.70001.

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ABSTRACTFiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) has been widely used to retrofit existing structures to improve their seismic performance. A reinforced concrete frame structure is designed as a case study structure to study the impact of FRP retrofitting on the seismic risk of corroded structures. Finite element models are established using the OpenSEES finite element platform for intact structures, corroded structures, and FRP‐retrofitted corroded structures by considering two corrosion damage degrees and four FRP retrofitting schemes. Based on the results of seismic fragility and risk analysis, combi

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14

Kim, Jin-Seon, Ju-Seong Jung, Dong-Keun Jung, Eui-Yong Kim, and Kang-Seok Lee. "Seismic Strengthening Effects of Full-Size Reinforced Concrete Frame Retrofitted with Novel Concrete-Filled Tube Modular Frame by Pseudo-Dynamic Testing." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (2021): 4898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11114898.

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The present study proposes a new seismic retrofitting method using a concrete-filled tube modular frame (CFT-MF) system, a novel technique to overcome and improve the limitations of existing seismic strengthening methods. This CFT-MF seismic retrofitting method makes the most of the advantages of both concrete and steel pipes, thereby significantly improving constructability and increasing integration between the existing structure and the reinforcement joints. This method falls into the category of typical seismic retrofitting methods that focus on increasing strength, in which the required a

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15

Nisar, Sumirah. "Fibre Reinforced Polymer in Retrofitting." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (2021): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39200.

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Abstract: Retrofitting is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion etc. Many of the existing reinforced concrete structures throughout the world are in urgent need of rehabilitation, repair or reconstruction because of deterioration due to various factors like corrosion, lack of detailing, failure of bonding between beamcolumn joints etc. Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite has been accepted in the construction industry as a promising substitute for repairing and in incrementing the strength of RCC structures. It stabilizes the

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16

He, Peng, Sheng Lin Ge, and Min Gang Zhai. "Research for Bridge Optimal Seismic Retrofitting Strategies." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 1356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.1356.

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Two different retrofitting concepts, including anti-seismic (pier strengthening) and seismic isolation (replacing with isolation bearing) were applied to bridge seismic strengthening. Influence factors of post-retrofitting performance in bridge were determined by the following parameters: pier stiffness and isolation bearing stiffness. By finite element analysis of controlling one parameter, the post-retrofitting performance was evaluated and compared with respect to the strategy with another variable parameter and vice versa. Meanwhile, comparative analysis was concerned by economic factors:

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17

Saadi, M., and D. Yahiaoui. "The Effectiveness of Retrofitting RC Frames with a Combination of Different Techniques." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 12, no. 3 (2022): 8723–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4979.

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During the last two decades, the attention of researchers has been focused on repairing and retrofitting concrete frames to make them more earthquake-resistant. Two methods have been developed to increase the seismic resistance of previously undamaged structures before they are subjected to an earthquake. The first is through the addition of new structural members, such as steel braces and the second is by selectively strengthening structural elements, for instance through steel caging. Seismic response analysis results have been utilized in multi-story RC frames that were designed without sei

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18

Charleson, Andrew, and Mark Southcombe. "Strategies for the seismic upgrading of pairs of buildings in a historic precinct." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 50, no. 1 (2017): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.50.1.50-58.

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This paper reports on a theoretical student design project to seismically upgrade buildings in a historic precinct of Wellington. The unique feature of the structural upgrading, heritage retention and adaptation, and new building interventions in the precinct was that all retrofitting designs were applied to pairs or clusters of buildings in order to develop new strategies for their seismic retrofit. The tying of buildings together as part of retrofitting is rarely encountered in earthquake engineering practice but this can be an important retrofitting approach as shown by the following

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19

Daftardar, Anand, and Ajay Krishna Narayanan. "Seismic Retrofitting of Concrete Structures." AMC Indian Journal of Civil Engineering 1, no. 1 (2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/ijce/2018/v1i1/120882.

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20

Karantoni, Fillitsa V. "Seismic retrofitting of Fragavilla Monastery." Earthquakes and Structures 5, no. 2 (2013): 207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2013.5.2.207.

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21

S. Mathan, Kumar. "Seismic assessment and retrofit, incorporating pushover analysis and capacity curves of irregular buildings." i-manager's Journal on Structural Engineering 11, no. 3 (2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jste.11.3.19350.

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Irregular buildings are increasingly common in urban areas around the world, presenting unique challenges for seismic assessment and retrofitting. Pushover analysis and capacity curves have emerged as powerful tools for evaluating the seismic performance of buildings and developing retrofitting strategies. In this study, a methodology is proposed for seismic assessment and retrofitting of irregular buildings that incorporates pushover analysis and capacity curves. The methodology involves the use of finite element models to simulate the behavior of irregular buildings under seismic loading and

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22

Mohankar, Mr Roshan H. "Retrofitting Techniques: A Comprehensive Review." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 10 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem38081.

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The need of improving the structural performance of old constructed structures has grown significantly as a result to increasing concerns over deteriorating infrastructure, changing building codes and natural calamities. Retrofitting is one of the best processes to make an existing building safe against future coming earthquakes or other environmental forces. Retrofitting is the process of adding new features to older buildings, bridges and many other structures. It aims to strengthen the structure, to satisfy the load carrying capacity of structure and seismic design. This paper includes stud

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23

Mohamed, Algamati, Al-Sakkaf Abobakr, and Bagchi Ashutosh. "Seismic Retrofitting of Reinforced Concrete Structures: A Comparative." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 12, no. 2 (2025): 10–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15044299.

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One of the main goals of retrofitting reinforced concrete (RC) structures is to enhance their safety against natural disasters like earthquakes. A significant number of RC buildings in Canada were constructed several decades ago and may be vulnerable to earthquakes due to the absence of modern design considerations. Therefore, seismic retrofitting of RC buildings is essential to minimize earthquake damage. This study compares two of the most popular techniques used for retrofitting such structures. A six-story RC building located in a high-seismicity zone is retrofitted using a base isolator a

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24

Aulady, Mohamad F. N., Adi A. Pratama, Herdis Herdiansyah, and Nur Laila Hamidah. "Cost-benefit Analysis of Seismic Retrofitting Strategies for Residential Buildings in Surabaya, Indonesia." Disaster Advances 15, no. 9 (2022): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1509da016023.

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Surabaya has potential vulnerability to a seismic activity as it has residential buildings with unreinforced confined masonry structures. This building structure is vulnerable to the massive destruction during the earthquake. Retrofitting existing unreinforced masonry structures is necessary as a mitigation strategy. However, the lack of funding and the high cost of retrofitting adaptation have become major obstacles. This study discussed a cost-benefit analysis of the seismic retrofitting strategies in confined masonry buildings in Surabaya. We added practical column, structural beams and a c

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25

Zirakian, Tadeh. "Methodical Investigations on Seismic Retrofitting of Steel Plate Shear Wall Systems." Buildings 14, no. 1 (2024): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14010258.

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An efficient retrofitting technique is expected to improve the seismic performance of a lateral force-resisting system without increasing the seismic demand on the structure, which can unfavorably lead to irreparable damages during a seismic event. On this basis, the present study aims to introduce an optimal strategy for seismic retrofitting of steel plate shear wall (SPSW) systems using low yield point (LYP) steel material and to demonstrate its effectiveness through systematic investigations. To this end, detailed nonlinear static, cyclic, and dynamic analyses, as well as fragility analyses

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Yu, Jing Hai, Shan Shan Zhao, and Ning Ning Yu. "Seismic Analysis of a Masonry Structure Retrofitting." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 1423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.1423.

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According to the current seismic code, we model one project in PKPM, analysis the seismic resistance of the masonry structure with rigidity and flexibility floor, and study the earthquake shear and seismic capacity compared before and after such structural load changes and retrofitting. And the analysis conclusion can provide the reference of seismic design of such structures.

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27

IMAI, T., S. WADA, and T. KOIKE. "SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION FOR THE EXISTING LIFELINE." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 05, no. 01 (2011): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431111001108.

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In order to keep the existing lifeline network system at a favorable seismic performance level, it is necessary to carry out retrofitting activities. This study proposes a seismic risk assessment method for the existing deteriorated lifeline network system based on the probability of system performance failure. Numerical simulations are carried out for the existing water distribution network system for several seismic investment strategies to support the decision making of seismic disaster mitigation planning. Effective planning of seismic retrofitting activities and disaster mitigation for th

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28

Weng, Da Gen, Chao Zhang, and Xi Lin Lu. "Application of Energy Dissipation Technology to C-category Frame Structure of School Buildings for Seismic Retrofit of Increasing Precautionary Intensity." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 3480–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.3480.

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In the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake on 12th May 2008, a large number of primary and secondary school buildings were seriously damaged. Therefore, considerable attentions have been paid to earthquake resistance capacity of school facilities and some relevant national codes in China have been updated after earthquake. Recently, many approaches to seismic retrofit of school buildings have been proposed and applied. The focus of this paper is on application of energy dissipation technology to C-category frame structure of school buildings retrofitting, with the objective of increasing one grade of pr

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29

Talahmeh, Besan, Belal Almassri, and Haitham Ayyad. "Seismic assessment and retrofitting of RC building using concrete jacketing and CFRP (a finite element modelling study)." Journal of Applied Engineering Science 23, no. 2 (2025): 198–207. https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-52568.

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This study presents a simplified methodology for the assessment and retrofitting of an existing multistory reinforced concrete (RC) structures in Palestine, addressing the critical need for improved structural integrity in the face of increased loads and seismic risks. This study focuses on a multi-story commercial and residential building in Hebron, initially designed with seven floors, including a ground-floor store and six upper floors. The research is structured into three primary phases: preparing finite element models, performing comprehensive structural analyses to assess the feasibilit

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30

Chrysostomou, C. Z., N. Kyriakides, A. J. Kappos, L. Kouris, E. Georgiou, and M. Millis. "Seismic Retrofitting and Health Monitoring of School Buildings of Cyprus." Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 7, no. 1 (2013): 208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874836801307010208.

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The vulnerability of existing buildings to seismic forces and their retrofitting is an international problem. The majority of structures in seismic-prone areas worldwide are structures that have been designed either without the consideration of seismic forces, or with previous codes of practice specifying lower levels of seismic forces. In Cyprus, after the three earthquakes that occurred in 1995, 1996, and 1999, the Cyprus State, acting in a pioneering way internationally, has decided the seismic retrofitting of all school buildings, taking into account the sensitivity of the society towards

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31

Parrella, Vittoria F., and Luisa Molari. "Building Retrofitting System Based on Bamboo-Steel Hybrid Exoskeleton Structures: A Case Study." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (2021): 5984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115984.

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The building heritage of many seismic regions worldwide is largely substandard and seismically deficient and would require seismic retrofitting interventions. The use of natural materials with low embedded emissions could lead to a low carbon footprint of the retrofitting intervention. In this perspective, an innovative structural sustainable retrofitting system is proposed consisting of a hybrid steel–bamboo reticular bracing system. Through a preliminary two-dimensional analysis, the capabilities of the system are assessed by varying the size and the number of the culms and inserting enginee

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32

Egbelakin, Temitope, Suzanne Wilkinson, and Jason Ingham. "Economic impediments to successful seismic retrofitting decisions." Structural Survey 32, no. 5 (2014): 449–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ss-01-2014-0002.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine why building owners are often reluctant to adopt adequate mitigation measures despite the vulnerability of their buildings to earthquake disasters, by exploring the economic-related barriers to earthquake mitigation decisions. Design/methodology/approach – A case study research method was adopted and interviews chosen as the method of data collection. Findings – Critical economic-related impediments that inhibited seismic retrofitting of earthquake-prone buildings were revealed in this study. Economic-related barriers identified include percept

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33

Santhakumar, A. R., M. S. Mathews, S. Thirumurugan, and Rao Uma. "Seismic Retrofitting of Historic Masonry Buildings – Case Study." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 991–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.991.

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Masonry heritage building built during early part of 19th century have characteristic colonial architecture using masonry walls and jack arch roofing supported on steel beams. They are highly vulnerable to failure during earthquakes. This paper describes a methodology to quantify their vulnerability and then based on this a scheme of structural retrofitting is suggested. The aim of this presentation, through 4 case studies of buildings located in Delhi, India, is to exemplify various aspects of analysis, design and execution methodology of the retrofitting scheme for such important heritage st

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Coccia, Simona, Fabio Di Carlo, and Stefania Imperatore. "Masonry Walls Retrofitted with Vertical FRP Rebars." Buildings 10, no. 4 (2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10040072.

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The out-of-plane behaviour of the walls as a consequence of an earthquake is the main vulnerability of existing masonry structures. In the case of rigid in compression not tensile resistant material, incremental dynamic analyses may be employed to evaluate the effective strength of a rocking element. When the seismic capacity of the wall is inadequate, retrofit interventions are required to assure an acceptable safety level. Conventional seismic retrofitting techniques on masonry walls influence the seismic performance of the element, which typically is modified in an out-of-plane bending beha

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35

Karapinar, Mehmet Firat, Baris Gunes, and Baris Sayin. "Nonlinear time history analysis of a low-story RC building: Comparison of the existing and retrofitted states." Journal of Structural Engineering & Applied Mechanics 6, no. 1 (2023): 10–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31462/jseam.2023.01010026.

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The current paper presents a seismic performance assessment of a low-story RC building through the time history analysis and a retrofitting proposal accordingly. The seismic analyses were repeated for the retrofitted building model and the effectiveness of the retrofitting proposal was determined. In the first stage of the study, the design project and material characteristics of the building were examined. Using these data, a 3D model of the building was prepared on the Midas Gen program. Next, a total of 11 earthquake records were selected and scaled for nonlinear time history analysis. Usin

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CHENG, Min-Yuan, Hsi-Hsien WEI, Yu-Wei WU, Hung-Ming CHEN, and Cai-Wei WU. "OPTIMIZATION OF LIFE-CYCLE COST OF RETROFITTING SCHOOL BUILDINGS UNDER SEISMIC RISK USING EVOLUTIONARY SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 24, no. 2 (2018): 812–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2018.247.

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The assessment of the seismic performance of existing school buildings is especially important in seismic-disaster mitigation planning. Utilizing a support vector machine coupled with a fast messy genetic algorithm, this study developed two inference models, both using the same input variables: i.e., 18 building characteristics selected based on expert opinion. The first model was designed to judge whether a building needs to be retrofitted; and the second, to estimate the cost of retrofitting buildings to specific levels. The study proposes a life-cycle seismic risk framework that takes into

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37

Algamati, Mohamed, Abobakr Al-Sakkaf, and Ashutosh Bagchi. "Energy Dissipation Technologies in Seismic Retrofitting: A Review." CivilEng 6, no. 2 (2025): 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/civileng6020023.

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In order to ensure the safety of existing buildings constructed many years ago in zones with high seismicity, it is very important to consider and apply retrofitting measures. The seismic retrofitting of buildings can be achieved by techniques such as increasing the stiffness and ductility of the building and reducing the seismic demand. Energy dissipative devices such as various types of dampers are among the most popular and widely studied devices for improving the performance of buildings exposed to earthquakes. This paper presents a systematic literature review of the seismic retrofitting

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38

Kabashi, Naser, Milot Muhaxheri, Enes Krasniqi, Ylli Murati, and Florentina Latifi. "Advancements in Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Retrofitting Techniques for Seismic Resilience of Reinforced Concrete Structures." Buildings 15, no. 4 (2025): 587. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15040587.

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In recent years, civil engineering has increasingly focused on utilizing fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) to retrofit and strengthen reinforced concrete (RC) structures. This paper explores advancements in FRP retrofitting techniques, with a particular focus on their application to beam–column joints in RC structures. The introduction outlines the evolution of FRP materials and their optimization for seismic retrofitting applications. A critical review of existing research highlights the effectiveness of FRP reinforcement in improving seismic resilience. The study examines three distinct cases

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Mikayel G. Melkumyan. "Base isolation retrofitting design for the existing 2-story stone building and its Conversion into a 3-Story kindergarten." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 8, no. 1 (2023): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2023.8.1.0023.

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Recently the Armenian Missionary Association of America (AMAA) has approached the author of this paper with the request to carry out base isolation retrofitting design for the existing 2-story building with stone bearing walls and to simultaneously convert it into a 3-story kindergarten. In Armenia seismic isolation of existing buildings is becoming a more common method of providing protection from earthquake damage. Thanks to the author’s works in nowadays Armenia is well known as a country where seismic (base and roof) isolation systems are widely implemented in construction of new and retro

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Pillai, Manoj S., and Jency Sara Kurian. "Hybrid Model for Retrofitting: A Review." Applied Mechanics and Materials 857 (November 2016): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.857.200.

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Beam-column joint is considered as a crucial zone in moment resisting frames. It is subjected to large forces during an earthquake, due to ground shaking and the response of the building depends on the behavior of the beam-column joint. During analysis, the joints are usually treated as rigid and this fails to consider the effects of various shear forces developed within the joint. So there emerges the need of seismic upgrading owing to structural deterioration, change in functions or increased performance requirements. Damping is one of the commonly adopted methods proposed for achieving opti

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Lakusic, Stjepan. "Application of steel in refurbishment of earthquake-prone buildings." Journal of the Croatian Association of Civil Engineers 72, no. 10 (2020): 955–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14256/jce.2970.2020.

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Refurbishment of existing buildings has become an increasingly topical issue in recent years. The recent Zagreb earthquake has also increased public awareness about the issue of sensitivity of old buildings to seismic loads. Steel plays a significant role in all aspects of refurbishment as it offers reliable rehabilitation and retrofitting solutions. The paper provides an overview of refurbishment methods with an emphasis on the assessment procedure for existing buildings, and methods for their seismic retrofitting using steel. Solutions that use new steel elements or improve the properties of

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Liu, Zhansheng, and Wenyan Bai. "Building Information Modeling Methods for Post-Earthquake Retrofitting Visualization of Buildings Using Augmented Reality." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (2021): 5739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125739.

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The post-earthquake retrofitting and repair process of a building is a key factor in improving its seismic capability. A thorough understanding of retrofitting methods and processes will aid in repairing post-earthquake buildings and improving seismic resilience. This study aims to develop a visualization framework for the post-earthquake retrofitting of buildings which builds models based on building information modeling (BIM) and realizes visualization using augmented reality (AR). First, multi-level representation methods and coding criteria are used to process the models for a damaged memb

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Bu, Chang Ming, Ying Min Li, and Oday Asal Salih. "Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Masonry Walls Retrofitted Using Epoxy Resin Injection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 1373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.1373.

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2008 Wenchuan earthquake has showed that failure of masonry walls is one of the major causes of material damage and loss of human life due to seismic events. Therefore, study of masonry walls seismic behavior and development of effective and practical retrofitting schemes is an urgent need. So this work presents an experimental program that investigates in-plane seismic behavior of common types of shale masonry walls before and after retrofitting using epoxy resin injection technique. In this experimental study, the primary objective was to evaluate the efficiency of this retrofitting method o

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Talledo, Diego Alejandro, Irene Rocca, Luca Pozza, Marco Savoia, and Anna Saetta. "Numerical Assessment of an Innovative RC-Framed Skin for Seismic Retrofit Intervention on Existing Buildings." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (2021): 9835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11219835.

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The seismic safety of existing building stock has become a very critical issue in recent years, mainly in earthquake-prone South Europe where most of the buildings were designed before the enforcement of seismic standards. Therefore, the concept, development and testing of efficient and cost-effective seismic retrofitting technologies are nowadays strongly needed, both for the society and for the scientific community. This study deals with the seismic assessment of a new RC-framed skin for retrofit intervention of existing buildings, evaluated through nonlinear static (pushover) analyses. A pr

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Shahzeb. "Seismic capacity evaluation of fly ash brick masonry walls after retrofitting." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 12, no. 2 (2024): 762–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2024.12.2.0339.

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The objective of this study was to examine the in-plane lateral load behavior of two full-scale fly ash brick masonry walls one unreinforced and the other confined before and after retrofitting. The quasi-static load test findings are shown here. The construction of the walls closely followed the masonry methods prevalent in Pakistan and throughout South Asia. Prior to retrofitting, the walls were tested to their peak resistance. The damaged walls were then retrofitted using grout injection followed by a ferrocement overlay and retested until they ultimately failed under identical condition. T

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Sakshi Sao. "Seismic Retrofitting of Existing Structures: A Comprehensive Review of Techniques, Performance, and Challenges." Communications on Applied Nonlinear Analysis 32, no. 10s (2025): 2337–45. https://doi.org/10.52783/cana.v32.5456.

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The increasing frequency and intensity of seismic events worldwide have highlighted the urgent need to enhance the structural resilience of existing buildings, particularly in earthquake-prone regions. This paper presents a comprehensive review of seismic retrofitting techniques, categorizing them into global, local, and innovative approaches. It evaluates the historical context of seismic disasters, the evolution of retrofitting standards (FEMA, IS 13935, Eurocode 8), and the classification of buildings based on risk. Analytical methods such as pushover analysis, time-history simulations, and

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Azmoodeh, B. M., and A. S. Moghadam. "Optimum seismic retrofitting technique for buildings." Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems 28, no. 1 (2011): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286600903416601.

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Shattarat, Nasim K., and David I. McLean. "Seismic Retrofitting of Outrigger Knee Joints." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1928, no. 1 (2005): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192800121.

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Experimental tests were conducted on one-third-scale outrigger knee joint specimens to define the vulnerabilities of existing outrigger bents under seismic in-plane loading and to develop appropriate retrofit measures to address the identified vulnerabilities. The specimens incorporated deficiencies present in the outrigger knee joints in the WA-99 Spokane Street overcrossing in western Washington State. The as-built specimens exhibited poor behavior with failure at low ductility levels because of shear distress and reinforcement bond failures within the joint. Threshold principal tension stre

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McKernan, John L., Gregory M. Piacitelli, Kevin C. Roegner, Lisa Delaney, and James M. Boiano. "Occupational Exposures in Seismic Retrofitting Operations." Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 17, no. 2 (2002): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/104732202317201285.

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., Amritha Ranganadhan. "SEISMIC RETROFITTING OF AN EXISTING STRUCTURE." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 04, no. 15 (2015): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2015.0415012.

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