Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sel gemme'
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Thorel, Luc. "Plasticité et endommagement des roches ductiles. Application au sel gemme." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529724.
Full textKazan, Youssam. "Comportement thermoelasto-viscoplastique des ouvrages souterrains dans le sel gemme." Paris, ENMP, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENMP0490.
Full textLabaune, Paule. "Comportement thermomécanique du sel gemme : Application au dimensionnement des cavités." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM035/document.
Full textSalt caverns are a promising technique for massive energy storage, especially in the case of the intermittent and unpredictable renewable energy. Historically used for seasonal storage of hydrocarbons (methane, oil...), they are potentially operated with increasingly demanding scenarios for the storage of other fluids (hydrogen, carbon dioxide...). Design methods need to be updated to rise to the new challenges of the energy transition.This thesis proposes a new methodology for salt cavern design, based on the development of a new rheological model including a dilatancy and a tensile criteria. This new model allows to fit numerous different laboratory tests with a single parameter set, in particular short- and long-term tests.Thermo-mechanical numerical simulations of caverns, filled with either methane or hydrogen, and the surrounding rock salt are performed under various cycling scenarios which are classical or closer to the needs associated with the energy transition. Effects of cycle duration, amplitude and mass flow are especially investigated. Results obtained with the new and the classical methodologies are compared
Labaune, Paule. "Comportement thermomécanique du sel gemme : Application au dimensionnement des cavités." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM035.
Full textSalt caverns are a promising technique for massive energy storage, especially in the case of the intermittent and unpredictable renewable energy. Historically used for seasonal storage of hydrocarbons (methane, oil...), they are potentially operated with increasingly demanding scenarios for the storage of other fluids (hydrogen, carbon dioxide...). Design methods need to be updated to rise to the new challenges of the energy transition.This thesis proposes a new methodology for salt cavern design, based on the development of a new rheological model including a dilatancy and a tensile criteria. This new model allows to fit numerous different laboratory tests with a single parameter set, in particular short- and long-term tests.Thermo-mechanical numerical simulations of caverns, filled with either methane or hydrogen, and the surrounding rock salt are performed under various cycling scenarios which are classical or closer to the needs associated with the energy transition. Effects of cycle duration, amplitude and mass flow are especially investigated. Results obtained with the new and the classical methodologies are compared
Pouya, Amade. "Comportement rheologique du sel gemme. Application a l'etude des excavations souterraines." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ENPC9113.
Full textJulien, Michel R. "Une modélisation constitutive et numérique du comportement rhéologique du sel gemme." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0018/NQ48885.pdf.
Full textHébert, Christian. "Films minces nanocomposites ZnxFe1-xO1+δ : phases wurtzite, sel gemme et spinelle." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066068/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the growth of thin films of zinc/iron oxides (ZnxFe1-xO1+δ) by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and the possibility of controlling their structural and physicochemical properties by varying the elaboration conditions: oxygen pressure and growth temperature, respective proportions of zinc/iron. For high values of x (x> 65%), the films are single-phase with a ZnO-type wurtzite structure (Fe:ZnO films), with 80% optical transparency in the UV-visible range but without ferromagnetic properties; depending on their iron (1-x) content, they evolve from very good electrical conductors to near-insulators. For small values of x (x <15%), the films are also single-phase with a Fe3O4-type spinel structure (Zn:Fe3O4 films). They exhibit very good ferromagnetic properties at ambient temperature as well as good electrical conductivity, the localization effects of charge carriers occurring below the Verwey temperature. The number of antiphase walls can be decreased by a two-step growth, as evidenced by magnetoresistance measurements. At intermediate zinc rates (15%
Hébert, Christian. "Films minces nanocomposites ZnxFe1-xO1+δ : phases wurtzite, sel gemme et spinelle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066068.
Full textThis thesis deals with the growth of thin films of zinc/iron oxides (ZnxFe1-xO1+δ) by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and the possibility of controlling their structural and physicochemical properties by varying the elaboration conditions: oxygen pressure and growth temperature, respective proportions of zinc/iron. For high values of x (x> 65%), the films are single-phase with a ZnO-type wurtzite structure (Fe:ZnO films), with 80% optical transparency in the UV-visible range but without ferromagnetic properties; depending on their iron (1-x) content, they evolve from very good electrical conductors to near-insulators. For small values of x (x <15%), the films are also single-phase with a Fe3O4-type spinel structure (Zn:Fe3O4 films). They exhibit very good ferromagnetic properties at ambient temperature as well as good electrical conductivity, the localization effects of charge carriers occurring below the Verwey temperature. The number of antiphase walls can be decreased by a two-step growth, as evidenced by magnetoresistance measurements. At intermediate zinc rates (15%
HAMAMI, MOUNIR. "Rheologie du sel gemme application a la conception des depots souterrains de dechets radioactifs." Paris, ENMP, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ENMP0408.
Full textCosenza, Philippe. "Sur les couplages entre comportement mécanique et processus de transfert de masse dans le sel gemme." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066098.
Full textAzabou, Mejda. "Modélisation et prédiction du comportement macroscopique du sel gemme dans le contexte du stockage souterrain." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPSLM012.
Full textThe optimal design of underground facilities in salt formations depends on the quality of the experimental measurements used to develop constitutive laws and to calibrate their parameters, as well as on the predictive abilities of these modelson the short and long term. A comprehensive experimental campaign was carried out, its analysis along with that ofthe existing experimental data base in MINES ParisTech, raised questions concerning the assumption of specimens representativity during laboratory tests. The effect of specimens heterogeneity on the macroscopic behavior of rock saltwas numerically investigated within a virtual laboratory. This investigation showed that specimens heterogeneity can explain the irregularities often observed in experimental measurements and that the tested specimens can be smaller than the required representative volume element (RVE). In an approach allowing to elaborate a macroscopic constitutivelaw and to overcome representativity related issues, the required RVE size was correlated to that of the heterogeneities.The pertinence of the predictive abilities of this macroscopic law was addressed and a new law, aiming to overcome the limitations of existing models in terms of the quality of their long term predictions, was proposed
Alkattan, Marwan Mahmood. "Contribution à l'étude de la cinétique de dissolution des minéraux très solubles : cas de la halite et de la calcite en milieu acide." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30163.
Full textGaye, Ababacar. "Analyse multiéchelle des mécanismes de déformation du sel gemme par mesures de champs surfaciques et volumiques." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1053/document.
Full textWe develop in this study new experimental methodologies for the multi-scale experimental investigation of the micromechanics of polycrystalline materials. These methodologies are applied to synthetic halite (NaCl), which is a convenient model polycristal due to its viscoplastic behavior at both ambient and high temperatures (350°C). In addition, halite is used for industrial applications such as underground energy and waste storage. The ductile deformation at the scale of the microstructure operates not only through conventional intra-granular plasticity, but also through inter-granular deformation mechanisms, such as grain-boundary sliding (GBS). First, we precisely quantify the relative contribution of each of these local mechanisms to the macroscopic deformation of halite. For this purpose, we apply digital image correlation (DIC) technique to high resolution images obtained during uniaxial compression tests in the chamber of a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The DIC algorithms have been modified to account for the discontinuous kinematics at grain boundries. We also propose a method to improve accuracy of GBS quantification, which consists in creating specific artificial patterns across grain-boundaries by electron beam lithography. The results show that GBS is present from the beginning of plastic deformation of the polycrystal. The 2D observations (using SEM) are complemented by 3D volume investigations using X-ray computed microtomography and Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) techniques. In order to obtain local volume markers differing in contrast (density) from NaCl and adapted to DVC, micrometric copper particles (3 % in volume) are dispersed into the material during its elaboration. Various microstructures (in terms of average grain size) are considered. New DVC protocols allow us to obtain the three-dimensional distribution of ductile deformation at the scale of the polycrystalline microstructure, with a spatial resolution finer than the average grain size. 3D and 2D local mechanical fields are compared on the same samples submitted to uniaxial compression. The strain patterns and the deformation mechanisms observed in depth of the sample are consistent with those identified by 2D observations. The results show the same organization and development of strain localization bands in relation with the loading conditions and microstructure, both at the surface and in volume. The importance of inter-granular mechanisms for the plastic deformation and diffuse damage of halite is also confirmed in 3D. Finally, in view of a further numerical model of the plasticity of the polycrystal, the three-dimensional polycrystalline microstructure is characterized by diffraction contrast tomography and compared to 2D measurements obtained by electron BackScattered diffraction
Dehkal, Gamra. "Influence de NaCl et KCl sur la croissance et la survie de deux bactéries du genre Arthrobacter : contenu intracellulaire en présence de NaCl." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO10516.
Full textSciarra, Giulio. "Modélisation de l'écoulement d'un fluide dans une matrice." Toulon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUL0004.
Full textDjizanne, Djakeun Hippolyte. "Stabilité mécanique d'une cavité saline soumise à des variations rapides de pression : Application au stockage souterrain de gaz naturel, d’air comprimé et d’hydrogène." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01130986/document.
Full textSalt caverns used for the underground storage of large volumes of natural gas are in high demand given the ever-increasing energy needs. The storage of renewable energy is also envisaged in these salt caverns for example, storage of compressed air and hydrogen mass storage. In both cases, salt caverns are more solicited than before because they are subject to rapid injection and withdrawal rates. These new operating modes raise new mechanical problems, illustrated in particular by sloughing, and falling of overhanging blocks at cavern wall. Indeed, to the purely mechanical stress related to changes in gas pressure variations, repeated dozens of degrees Celsius of temperature variation are superimposed; causes in particular during withdrawal, additional tensile stresses whom may lead to fractures at cavern wall; whose evolution could be dangerous. The mechanical behavior of rock salt is known: it is elasto-viscoplastic, nonlinear and highly thermo sensitive. The existing rock salt constitutive laws and failures and damages criteria have been used to analyze the behavior of caverns under the effects of these new loading. The study deals with the thermo mechanics of rocks and helps to analyze the effects of these new operations modes on the structural stability of salt caverns. The approach was to firstly design and validate a thermodynamic model of the behavior of gas in the cavern. This model was used to analyze blowout in gas salt cavern. Then, with the thermo mechanical coupling, to analyze the effects of rapid withdrawal, rapid injection and daily cycles on the structural stability of caverns. At the experimental level, we sought the optimal conditions to the occurrence and the development of cracks on a pastille and a block of rock salt. The creep behavior of rock salt specimens in triaxial extension also was analyzed
Ghazali, Ahmed. "Etude par analyse texturale du rôle de l'humidité dans la déformation des roches salifères : Application au sel du bassin bressan et au sel de la mine d'Asse." Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENPC9501.
Full textTijani, Michel. "Contribution à l'étude thermomécanique des cavités réalisées par lessivage dans des formations géologiques salines." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00430361.
Full textGuillerm, Emmanuel. "Turning halite fluid inclusions into accurate paleothermometers with Brillouin spectroscopy : development of a new method and application to the Last Interglacial in the Dead Sea." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1284.
Full textIn the perspective of understanding the heterogeneity and intensity of the response of continents to climate changes, it is necessary to investigate a large number of climate archives displaying a dense spatial distribution. Unfortunately, contrary to the oceanic and polar realms, most landmasses are lacking such archives. Continuous deposits are rare, and the tools used by paleoclimatologists to decipher them all have their own biases, which are usually circumvented by means of a multi-proxy approach. This is not an easy task, especially in arid environments where the scarcity of water prevents potential organic archives from thriving and depositing. With this in mind, halite fluid inclusions (FIs) revealed very promising when Roberts and Spencer (1995), using the microthermometry technique, first showed their potential to hold past saline lakes temperature. Indeed, these micro-droplets of parent brine trapped inside incompressible cavities of the salt crystals happen to keep their initial density, and therefore the entrapment temperature, like the density of mercury indicating the temperature in the thermometer. However, Lowenstein et al. (1998) soon showed that FIs undergo damages during the requisite step of vapor phase nucleation in the freezer. Since then, paleoclimate studies using halite FIs have been few. During this thesis, we have developed a new methodology, based on Brillouin spectroscopy (BS), to bypass the limitations of microthermometry. This technique utilizes the inelastic interaction between light and spontaneous (thermal) density fluctuations in the fluid to measure its speed of sound, hence allowing for the determination of its density, ergo entrapment temperature. This non-destructive approach avoids submitting samples to large temperature gaps, as it does not need the presence of a bubble in the FI. As our method keeps FIs intact, we have restored their potential as an accurate paleothermometer. We show that BS on halite FIs reveals the entrapment temperature with an accuracy better than ±1 ◦C. We have established an empirical equation that defines the size-dependent threshold pressure beyond which FIs get damaged, and developed a model to calculate the FI pressure as a function of temperature and composition. We can thus determine the FIs size limit for safe paleothermometry measurements for a large variety of different natural samples. To illustrate the power of Brillouin thermometry, we sampled several tens of halite intervals from the 450 meters-long core 5017-1 drilled in the deep Dead Sea in 2010-2011 through the Deep Dead Sea Drilling Project (DSDDP). The application of Brillouin thermometry to this record provides a unique quantification of temperature changes in this region during the Last Interglacial (LIG, ~135,000 to 115,000 years ago). Furthermore, we show that Brillouin spectroscopy allows, at the same time, the quantification of the Dead Sea level and its evolution. Using the reconstructed lake level curve to quantify paleorainfall, we thus propose a complete temperature-precipitation reconstruction that enable us to outline a radically new narrative for the climate of the region during this period. We show that the LIG winter temperatures were mostly lower than today, and precipitation were much higher, albeit on a drying trend. Contrary to previous estimations, the region never experienced extreme drought during the LIG, and only reached conditions as dry as today towards the end of the period. The clear connections with the Mediterranean and the Atlantic exhibited by the record, along with the clear climatic trends observed, lead us to suggest a strong orbital forcing of the atmospheric circulation over this part of the globe. The example of the Dead Sea shows that Brillouin spectroscopy on halite FIs is in position to provide valuable data to test the efficiency of climate models
Elloumi, Jannet. "Distribution et rôle des microorganismes de la boucle microbienne dans la saline de Sfax : contribution à l'étude du fonctionnement microbiologique d'un milieu extrême." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CLF21639.
Full textBoehm, Christian Reiner. "Gene expression control for synthetic patterning of bacterial populations and plants." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267842.
Full textCharpin, Carl-Bernard. "Étude de la cinétique de croissance du graphène en conditions purifiées." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22190.
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