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Flanagan, Mary Ellen, Noah Seixas, Maria Majar, Janice Camp, and Michael Morgan. "Silica Dust Exposures During Selected Construction Activities." AIHA Journal 64, no. 3 (May 2003): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15428110308984823.
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Küçük, Merve, and Fehim Findik. "Selected ecological settlements." Heritage and Sustainable Development 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37868/hsd.v2i1.35.
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Today, the use of fossil-based fuels and construction activities on a global and regional scale have effective climatic and environmental consequences all over the world, leading to disruption of living spaces. For this reason, it is important that the structures have sustainable properties that will reduce environmental impacts throughout the entire life cycle. Millions of people go to various countries and become refugees due to world wars and migrations. Here, ecological settlements and the criteria for the settlement are needed in order to make these settlements healthy. The ecological settlements in Turkey (Gaziantep, Bursa and Eskisehir) as well as in the world (China, Germany and Spain), listed the criteria that are necessary for these places, are revised in this review article.
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Ren, Z., V. Chrysostomou, and T. Price. "The measurement of carbon performance of construction activities." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2012): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20466091211260596.
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PurposeThe purpose of this research project is to reduce the carbon emissions of construction processes by Measuring, Mapping, Modelling and Managing (4Ms) the carbon performance of construction activities. This particular paper presents the research work and major findings in the first two stages: measuring the carbon footprint of construction activities in building projects; and mapping the carbon emissions from construction activities.Design/methodology/approachA hotel project in South Wales was selected as a case study where the carbon emissions from six categories of construction activities (i.e. management, operations, visitors, deliveries, plant and utilities) were monitored by using carefully designed data collection methods throughout the construction process. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis methods were adopted to distil and map the emissions with construction activities.FindingsThis study provides a benchmark for the carbon emissions from construction processes. The results show that construction activities generate more carbon than expected. Of the CO2 emitted, materials delivery, operational activities and plant operation account for more than 90 per cent of the total emissions. Activities from management, visitors and utilities only contributed 10 per cent of the CO2 emissions. Carbon emissions from construction processes can be best managed through project planning/scheduling where carbon emissions should be considered as a new criterion for project planning along with time, cost and quality.Research limitations/implicationsThere are some limitations with the data collection methods adopted in this study. For example, the fuel/CO2 emission conversion rate for plant was obtained from online sources. This rate needs to be validated and adjusted on‐site with CO2 measurement gauges for different equipment. Similarly, the fuel efficiency adjusting rates for vehicles also need to be checked and verified constantly.Practical implicationsThe on‐site carbon emission methods, the mapping approaches between the emission and construction activities, and the online system developed in this study (www.constructco2.com/default.aspx) are all embraced by the industry. So far, 76 projects have already subscripted to the online system.Originality/valueThis study developed a set of systematic and feasible approaches to measuring and analysing carbon emissions from construction activities. Unlike the existing studies which mainly focus on recording the carbon emissions on‐site, this research measured the emissions, and mapped the emissions with construction activities. The online system developed could analyse the data collected and support the contractor to decide in which aspects they should make effort to control the carbon emissions.
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Gerami Seresht, Nima, and Aminah Robinson Fayek. "Factors influencing multifactor productivity of equipment-intensive activities." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 69, no. 9 (July 4, 2019): 2021–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-07-2018-0250.
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Purpose Due to its key role in the successful delivery of construction projects, construction productivity is one of the most researched topics in construction domain. While the majority of previous research is focused on the productivity of labor-intensive activities, there is a lack of research on the productivity of equipment-intensive activities. The purpose of this paper is to address this research gap by developing a comprehensive list of factors influencing the productivity of equipment-intensive activities and determining the most influential factors through interview surveys. Design/methodology/approach A list of 201 factors influencing the productivity of equipment-intensive activities was developed through the review of 287 articles, selected from the ten top-ranked construction journals, by searching for construction productivity in the articles’ titles, abstracts or keywords. Next, the most influential factors were determined by conducting interview surveys with 35 construction experts. To ensure that the interviewees were aware of the research objectives and the distinction between labor- and equipment-intensive activities, an information session was held prior to conducting the surveys, and the surveys were conducted in interview format to allow for clarification and discussion throughout the process. Findings Project management respondents identified foreman-, safety- and crew-related factors as the categories with the most influence on productivity; tradespeople respondents identified foreman-, equipment- and crew-related factors as the most influential categories. In total, 14 factors were identified, for which there was a significant difference between the perspectives of project management and tradespeople regarding the factors’ influence on productivity. Originality/value This paper provides a comprehensive list of factors influencing the productivity of equipment-intensive activities. It identifies the most influential factors through an interview survey of 35 construction experts, who are familiar with the challenges of equipment-intensive activities based on their experience with such activities in the industrial construction sector of Alberta, Canada. Additionally, the differences between the factors that influence the productivity of labor- and equipment-intensive activities are discussed by comparing the findings of this paper with previous research focused on labor intensive activities.
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Li, Xuguang, Andrew Cox, and Nigel Ford. "Knowledge construction by users." Journal of Documentation 73, no. 2 (March 13, 2017): 284–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-05-2016-0060.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a content analysis framework and from that derive a process model of knowledge construction in the context of virtual product user communities, organization sponsored online forums where product users collaboratively construct knowledge to solve their technical problems. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on a deductive and qualitative content analysis of discussion threads about solving technical problems selected from a series of virtual product user communities. Data are complemented with thematic analysis of interviews with forum members. Findings The research develops a content analysis framework for knowledge construction. It is based on a combination of existing codes derived from frameworks developed for computer-supported collaborative learning and new categories identified from the data. Analysis using this framework allows the authors to propose a knowledge construction process model showing how these elements are organized around a typical “trial and error” knowledge construction strategy. Practical implications The research makes suggestions about organizations’ management of knowledge activities in virtual product user communities, including moderators’ roles in facilitation. Originality/value The paper outlines a new framework for analysing knowledge activities where there is a low level of critical thinking and a model of knowledge construction by trial and error. The new framework and model can be applied in other similar contexts.
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Kučerová, Renata, Tomáš Dania, Renata Skýpalová, and Veronika Blašková. "Construction Industry in the Czech Republic: the Level of Involvement in Corporate Social Responsibility." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, no. 2 (2018): 531–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866020531.
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This article introduces results of inquiry in corporate social responsibility conducted among construction companies in the Czech Republic in 2017. Its main themes include specifics of application of the CSR concept in the practice of the construction industry and effects of selected factors on the level of involvement of Czech construction companies in CSR activities. The results of the inquiry clearly indicate that despite the high level of knowledge of the CSR concept among the construction companies reaching 65 % the overall activities across the CSR pillars are scarce. The statistical test results show that large companies working with the concept of business ethics are more engaged in CSR activities. Growing size of the construction company is connected with activity increase in the social pillar. On the other hand, strategic planning hardly affects the company involvement in the CSR concept. Also the length of activity of the construction company on the market only affects CSR activity level within the environmental pillar.
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Neitzel, Richard. "Total Non-Occupational Noise Exposure of Construction Workers." Noise & Vibration Worldwide 36, no. 5 (May 2005): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0957456054530296.
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Total non-occupational noise exposure levels were estimated for a group of 266 construction apprentices participating in a longitudinal study of noise and hearing loss. Subjects were interviewed regarding their exposure to “episodic” activities (e.g., concert attendance), and noise levels for these activities were obtained from a literature review. “Routine” activities were assessed using a combination of self-reported activity logs and non-occupational noise dosimetry measurements. Routine and episodic activity exposures were combined into estimated annual Leq exposure levels for the 6760 nominal non-occupational hours in a year (LAeq6760h). The LAeq6760h levels were then transformed into equivalent levels for a 2000 hour exposure period (LA2000hn), which allowed direct comparison to occupational risk criteria. The median LAeq6760h was 73 dBA, and the median LA2000hn was 78 dBA. Nineteen percent of LA2000hn non-occupational exposures exceeded 85 dBA, the generally recommended occupational limit. Firearms use could not be incorporated into the total noise exposure estimates. However, firearms users reported more exposure to other noisy non-occupational activities than did non-shooters, and had higher estimated exposure levels even without including their firearms exposure. Non-occupational noise exposures among most construction workers present little additional exposure when compared to their occupational exposures. However, they may contribute significantly to overall exposure in the subset of workers who frequently participate in selected noisy activities.
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Kumar, A. Chaitanya, and T. Reshma. "4D Applications of GIS in Construction Management." Advances in Civil Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1048540.
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Construction industries broadly involve different set of construction activities which are to be executed as per schedule and the major software used for scheduling is PRIMAVERA and Microsoft Project (MSP). But the software still lacks a feature of providing spatial aspects of information in construction schedule. Recently, advanced technology like 4D GIS plays a major role in overcoming the limitation of the software. 4D GIS technology includes integration of 2D drawings from AutoCAD and schedules prepared in PRIMAVERA software. In the present study, a multistair residential building has been selected. ARCMAP 10.2 is used for interlinking of schedules as well as drawings and ARCSCENE has been used for developing 4D view. This linkage between scheduled activities and respective drawings in GIS helps in identifying construction sequences and also in detecting logical errors that occur in project schedules. The developed 4D view provides better visualization of construction progress of a project.
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Shafira Lubis, Shella, and Budianto Hamuddin. "Online Interactive Communication via Academic Blogging Activities Among Indonesian EFL Students." REiLA : Journal of Research and Innovation in Language 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2019): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/reila.v1i2.3131.
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Indonesian people in the conversation using English in many ways, such as face to face and social media. The purpose of this research is to identify students' online interactive communication in their blog's comment. It focuses among students as Indonesian EFL students in Morphology class in Universitas Lancang Kuning (Unilak). This study also eager to know what type of language function and phase of knowledge construction on students blogging activities on selected IT platform classroom, i.e. Morphology course. The method employ in this research is a qualitative descriptive method. This study did take the comments' blog of all students in Morphology class. Then This study analyzed those comments. The result of this research, students, showing some dominant type in Knowledge Construction, i.e., Sharing and Comparing of opinion in Blog The present study also reveals the use of Expressing and Supporting Opinions as the dominant types in Language Function.
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Zheng, Meina, Feng Liu, Xiucheng Guo, and Juchen Li. "Empirical Analysis for Impact of High-Speed Rail Construction on Interregional Dependency." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (July 30, 2020): 5247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155247.
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The opening of the high-speed rail (HSR) resulted in significant changes in the transportation network of Korea. The new HSR construction was expected to become a new engine of local economic growth. However, there was a controversy regarding whether the connection between regions intensifies the concentration of socio-economic activities in the metropolis (straw effect) or contributes to the balance of regional development (sprawl effect). More increasing attention had been devoted to studying the “straw effects” caused by the newly built HSR networks on interregional social-economic activities. Despite considerable research on the benefit achieved from HSR construction, little has focused on the negative externalities resulting from it. This paper examined the potential “straw effects” of two new HSR lines through constructing the indicator of interregional dependency that measured one city’s level of dependency on another one. In order to exclude the interference of lurking variables, five metropolitan cities were selected as case studies. The empirical results, based on a panel data model, revealed that the larger the economic scale of the target city, the lower the level of dependency on other cities, and there existed a “straw effect” on HSR development in terms of Seoul.
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Donnelly, Sharon M., Donna Hextell, and Stephen Matthey. "The Rivermead Perceptual Assessment Battery: Its Relationship to Selected Functional Activities." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 61, no. 1 (January 1998): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269806100107.
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Thirty-five stroke patients were assessed on the Rivermead Perceptual Assessment Battery (RPAB) and three functional activities. The activities chosen had reported constructional components. A checklist was developed to measure a person's performance on the constructional components of each activity objectively. The RPAB results were correlated with those of making a sandwich and packing a lunchbox, putting on a cardigan and setting a table. A statistically significant relationship was found between the RPAB and the selected functional tasks. The results also suggest that a clinical relationship exists between performance on the RPAB and the three tasks, therefore assumptions can be made about a person's performance on these tasks using the results from the RPAB.
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Avelar, Wallace, Marcelo Meiriño, and Guilherme Luiz Tortorella. "The practical relationship between continuous flow and lean construction in SMEs." TQM Journal 32, no. 2 (November 14, 2019): 362–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tqm-05-2019-0129.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the applicability of lean construction (LC) concepts and tools in necessary, but non-value-added activities (NVAA) in small and medium-sized enterprises (SME). The application of the lean tools in this way facilitates the flow of information and handling material, improving productivity, quality and performance. Finally, practical results motivate a discussion on the real potential of LC principles and on the challenges related to its implementation. Design/methodology/approach The methodology makes use of direct involvement in the environment under study. Some of the activities performed were the value stream mapping and time and motion studies of the company’s process selected, identification of wastes and the proposition of improvements to be implemented. Findings The main findings are related to the benefits of the application of LC not only in value-added activities but in activities that can influence the development and workforce planning, especially for SME businesses. This company should be able to achieve better management decisions and results after implementing the LC principles, overcoming the limited resources. Originality/value This proposed method helps in overcoming the lack of systematic procedures, enabling LC in activities that not add value properly. It has the advantage of integrating existing tools and models effectively, which not only improve the shortcomings of the conventional methods but also result in more convenient calculation and application.
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Vondráčková, Terezie, Luboš Podolka, and Věra Voštová. "Handling construction waste of building demolition." MATEC Web of Conferences 146 (2018): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814603012.
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Some building defects lead to their demolition. What about construction and demolition waste? According to the Waste Act 185/2001 Coll. and its amendment 223/2015 Coll., which comes into force on January 1, 2017, the production of waste has to be reduced because, as already stated in the amendment to Act No. 229/2014 Coll., the ban on landfilling of waste will apply from 2024 onwards. The main goals of waste management can thus be considered: Preventing or minimizing waste; Waste handling to be used as a secondary raw material - recycling, composting, combustion and the remaining waste to be dumped. Company AZS 98 s. r. o. was established, among other activities, also for the purpose of recycling construction and demolition waste. It operates 12 recycling centers throughout the Czech Republic and therefore we have selected it for a demonstration of the handling of construction and demolition waste in addressing the defects of the buildings.
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Venkrbec, Vaclav, and Lucie Bittnerova. "BIM integration in education: A case study of the construction technology project Bolt Tower Dolni Vitkovice." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sspjce-2017-0027.
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Abstract Building information modeling (BIM) can support effectiveness during many activities in the AEC industry. even when processing a construction-technological project. This paper presents an approach how to use building information model in higher education, especially during the work on diploma thesis and it supervision. Diploma thesis is project based work, which aims to compile a construction-technological project for a selected construction. The paper describes the use of input data, working with them and compares this process with standard input data such as printed design documentation. The effectiveness of using the building information model as a input data for construction-technological project is described in the conclusion.
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Anaman, Kwabena Asomanin, and Irene Susana Egyir. "Economic Shocks and the Growth of the Construction Industry in Ghana Over the 50-Year Period From 1968 to 2017." Research in World Economy 10, no. 1 (June 9, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v10n1p1.
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The study analyses the relationship between the growth of the construction industry and economic shocks in Ghana over the 50-year period from 1968 to 2017 using an autoregressive modelling scheme that incorporates several economic shocks as separate independent variables. The independent variables used in the model included one positive economic shock and five negative shock variables. The positive shock variable was the sharply increased government expenditures on construction activities in selected years that allowed the government to host international events in Ghana within a period of two years. The five adverse economic shocks included in the model were political instability related to military coups, exchange rate depreciation of the local currency, Ghana cedi, with respect to the United States dollar, the average yearly temperature, aggregate electricity energy production shortfall related to a severe El Nino weather phenomenon, and incidence of extreme rainfall. The results of the analysis indicated that the most important factor influencing the growth of the construction industry in Ghana over the 50-year study period was political instability. Beyond political instability, the next most important factor was the purposely-driven sharp increases in government expenditures on construction activities for selected years that allowed the country to host international events in the country. The other significant economic shocks were the exchange rate depreciation, average temperatures, and electricity energy production shortfall; all three factors adversely affected the growth of the construction industry. The results of our study are generally consistent with those obtained from the literature concerning the positive and negative effects of economic shocks on the construction industry.
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Naoum, Shamil George. "Factors influencing labor productivity on construction sites." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 65, no. 3 (March 7, 2016): 401–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-03-2015-0045.
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Purpose – Productivity is a worldwide problem and efforts have been made over the last three decades or so to explore ways to increase the rate of productivity on construction sites. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the state of the art in productivity research and to present the findings of a survey into the factors that can impair productivity on site. Design/methodology/approach – A literature review is structured under five general headings: pre-construction activities; activities during construction; managerial and leadership issues; motivational factors; and organizational factors. In total, 46 determinants were extracted from the above headings and were assessed by 36 main contractors. Findings – The literature review revealed that while there has been an advancement in developing techniques and tools to improving productivity on site, more need to be done to invest in technology and innovation. The interview survey indicated that factors associated with pre-construction activities, namely, the “experience of the selected site and project managers,” “design errors,” “buildability of the design,” “project planning,” “communication,” “ leadership style” and “procurement method” as the most critical factors influencing site productivity. Other highly ranked factors are “mismanagement of material” and “the work environment.” Research limitations/implications – The survey is based on main contractors and thus not generalized to cover other sectors of the building team such as designers and engineers. Practical implications – Outcome of this research can be used to provide professionals and contractors guidance for focussing, acting upon and controlling the most significant factors perceived to influence the construction labor productivity (CLP) on site. Originality/value – First, reviewed the state of the art and trends in construction productivity research. Second, primary survey with industry experts to rank the relative importance of factors that can influence CLP on site.
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Mukami, Muchiri Tabitha, Mrs Grace Were, and Dr Patrick Simiyu. "Influence of Funding Activities on Completion of Selected County Funded Construction Projects in Kitale Town, Trans Nzoia County, Kenya." Saudi Journal of Engineering and Technology 6, no. 3 (March 28, 2021): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjet.2021.v06i03.002.
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Yan, Hui, Guoliang Ding, Hongyang Li, Yousong Wang, Lei Zhang, Qiping Shen, and Kailun Feng. "Field Evaluation of the Dust Impacts from Construction Sites on Surrounding Areas: A City Case Study in China." Sustainability 11, no. 7 (March 30, 2019): 1906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11071906.
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Construction activities generate a large amount of dust and cause significant impacts on air quality of surrounding areas. Thus, revealing the characteristics of construction dust is crucial for finding the way of reducing its effects. To fully uncover the characteristics of construction dust affecting surrounding areas, this study selected seven representative construction sites in Qingyuan city, China as empirical cases for field evaluation. In the experiment, the up-downwind method was adopted to monitor and collect TSP (total suspended particulate), PM10 and PM2.5 (particulate matter ≤10 µm and 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter, respectively) concentrations, meteorological data and construction activities of each site for 2 to 3 days and 18 h in a day. The results show that the average daily construction site makes the surrounding areas’ concentration of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 increase by 42.24%, 19.76% and 16.27%, respectively. The proportion of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 in building construction dust is 1, 0.239 and 0.116, respectively. The large diameter particulate matter was the major constituent and the distance of its influence was limited. In addition, construction vehicles were one of the main influencing factors for building construction dust. However, building construction dust was not significantly correlated with any single meteorological factor when it did not change too much. Findings of this research can provide a valuable basis for reducing the impact of building construction dust on surrounding areas.
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Kukuła, Karol. "PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVITIES IN POLAND IN 2015 (REGIONAL STUDY)." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 16, no. 4 (December 30, 2017): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2017.16.4.48.
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The author of the article sets out to perform two tasks. The first is an attempt to present the construction techniques of a ranking of items (in this case – voivodships) in terms of the level of a complex phenomenon, and then to present a method of division of items into groups with similar values of the synthetic variable. The second goal is to present the condition of pro-environmental activities in Poland in 2015 in the regional system. In order to implement this objective, diagnostic variables have been selected, describing the condition of activities for environmental protection. Based on the following criteria: substantive and sufficient variability, 11 diagnostic features have been selected. These variables constitute the basis for multiple criteria evaluation of a complex phenomenon (pro-environmental activities). Based on the described procedures, a ranking of voivodeships has been created on the basis of the status of pro-environmental activities in Poland. The set of items (voivodships) has been divided into 3 groups: group I – voivodships with a high level of pro-environmental activities, group II – voivodships with an average level, and group III with a relatively low level. The quantitative proportions of voivodships in particular groups are as follows, respectively: 4 : 6 : 6.
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Dąbrowski, Andrzej. "Falls from a height at construction sites caused by incorrect use of collective protection measures." Occupational Safety – Science and Practice 567, no. 12 (December 18, 2018): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7789.
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This article presents an analysis of accidents caused by falls from a height examined by the National Labour Inspectorate in 2013-2017. Accidents have been analyzed taking into account irregularities related to the use of collective protection measures. 121 events, which had occurred due to the lack or non-use of collective protection measures, were selected for detailed study. The article discusses 10 typical worksites and selected activities performed when accidents took place. It presents a statistical analysis of accidents caused by various irregularities in the use of collective protection measures and it presents descriptions of selected events. Using collective protection measures against falls from a height in the construction industry is an effective preventive technical solution, which does not physically burden workers and does not cause their discomfort at work. Therefore, legal provisions give them priority over personal protective equipment.
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Jachowicz, Marcin. "Helmets for sport and recreation – construction and standards’ requirements." Occupational Safety – Science and Practice 563, no. 8 (August 14, 2018): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2223.
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While practicing sports and participating in recreational activities, humans are exposed to a number of hazards, among which head injuries are one of the most dangerous. We are unable to completely eliminate them, e.g., when cycling, skateboarding, skiing or snowboarding. For this reason, all sorts of protective headgear selected according to the prevailing threats are applicable to protect the head. The design of such equipment is continuously changing and evolving. New materials and technical solutions that aim to increase the user’s safety and comfort are introduced. To achieve that goal, it becomes necessary to reduce the weight and increase the functionality of protective helmets. Such goals can be met only by creating more specialized structures designed not only for the intended physical activity but also for the specific conditions in which it is practiced. This paper contains material that presents the basic protective helmets and the materials used for their construction, as well as a review of the design of helmets for sports and recreational activities protecting the head against impact against stationary objects. General information concerning the regulatory requirements and the methods of testing of this type of equipment has also been presented.
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Kubíčková, Dana, and Vladimír Nulíček. "Bankruptcy Model Construction and its Limitation in Input Data Quality." Journal of Business and Economics 10, no. 2 (February 20, 2019): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/02.10.2019/003.
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The aim of the research project solved at the University of Finance and administration is to construct a new bankruptcy model. The intention is to use data of the firms that have to cease their activities due to bankruptcy. The most common method for bankruptcy model construction is multivariate discriminant analyses (MDA). It allows to derive the indicators most sensitive to the future companies’ failure as a parts of the bankruptcy model. One of the assumptions for using the MDA method and reassuring the reliable results is the normal distribution and independence of the input data. The results of verification of this assumption as the third stage of the project are presented in this article. We have revealed that this assumption is met only in a few selected indicators. Better results were achieved in the indicators in the set of prosperous companies and one year prior the failure. The selected indicators intended for the bankruptcy model construction thus cannot be considered as suitable for using the MDA method.
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Płoskonka, Przemysław. "Survival – Selected Determinants Of Participation." Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 22, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjst-2015-0017.
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Abstract Introduction. A growing interest in survival as a tourist and recreational activity raises the need for empirical research into this issue. Unfortunately, a vast majority of authors focus on the technical aspects of survival, ignoring the determinants of this activity. The few existing studies are mostly based on observation and involve small samples. This paper will help complement the body of knowledge concerning this issue. Material and methods. Following a pilot study, the study proper was conducted between 2011 and 2013 using a questionnaire prepared by the author. The analysis was based on the opinions of 594 respondents. The research was conducted during randomly selected survival events, among randomly selected members of survival societies and organisations, and among users of websites dedicated to survival. Results. The respondents usually organised survival activities individually or in a group of friends, forests being the preferred location. The respondents undertook survival activity either sporadically (once every 4-6 months) or sometimes (once every 2-3 months), with individual periods of activity usually lasting 2-3 days. The most popular form of this activity was one-day-long or several-day-long trips with overnight stays, and the activities the respondents performed the most frequently were constructing makeshift shelters, lighting and building campfires, and topography. Conclusions. Survival activity was strongly determined by the accessibility of the natural environment. The persons engaged in survival showed high independence in carrying out their tasks. The survival activities were undertaken in short periods and sporadically, weekend trips (sometimes with an overnight stay) being the most popular form of activity. Basic issues related to survival were the dominant activities performed by the respondents.
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KC, Prabhat. "Schedule Pressure in Construction Projects in Nepal." Journal of Advanced Academic Research 1, no. 1 (September 29, 2015): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaar.v1i1.13516.
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Accelerating project can be rewarding. The consequences, however, can be troublesome if productivity and quality are sacrificed for the sake of accelerating the schedule. The trade-off among schedule pressure and its causes and effects are often overlooked when schedule decisions are being made. Altogether 68 respondents including owners, consultants, contractors, supervisors and workers were purposively selected from ten construction projects in Nepal. The perception level of schedule pressure and their agreement on twenty hypothesized statements were gathered for the study. Result shows that major drawbacks of schedule pressure are working out of sequence, generating defective works, wastage of materials, increasing construction costs, cutting corners, and losing the motivation to work; and thus generating claims and disputes. Adverse effects of schedule pressure can be minimized by scheduling construction activities realistically and planning them proactively, motivating workers, and establishing the effective project coordination and communication mechanism.Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol.1(1) 2014: 76-84
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Chiluwa, Innocent. "Media construction of socio-political crises in Nigeria." Journal of Language and Politics 10, no. 1 (June 28, 2011): 88–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.10.1.05chi.
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This paper attempts to show how social and political crises are constructed, represented/mediated in the Nigerian print media news headlines. Nigeria’s leading newsmagazines and newspapers namely The News, Newswatch, Tell, The Guardian and The Punch are selected for the study. From a corpus of thirty-two news headlines being the publications of the above news media between 2000 and 2006, fifteen headlines and their overlines covering the years that marked the end of military rule and the consolidation of democratic government in Nigeria are purposively selected and analyzed within the framework of the systemic model and critical linguistics. The study shows that socio-political crises have been frequent in Nigeria and that the much anticipated recovery associated with democracy has so far eluded the country. In fact the country has witnessed more social crises, national disasters and ethnic violence in the seven years of civil government than at other times. The study also shows that news headlines — an integral part of media discourse, is an instrument for molding social actions, attitudes and perceptions and are also used as an ideological tool for social criticism. Some of the headlines however, exaggerated the crises and indeed misinformed the general public about the identities and activities of certain people as well as the state of security in Nigeria.
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Abuzeinab, Amal, Mohammed Arif, Dennis J. Kulonda, and Bankole Osita Awuzie. "Green business models transformation: evidence from the UK construction sector." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 6, no. 5 (November 7, 2016): 478–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-10-2015-0060.
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Purpose Sustainability has the potential to bring enormous benefits to our built environment. To release this potential, a change in business models is required. The purpose of this paper is to investigate green business models (GBMs) transformation by adopting five essential elements of green value creation and capture: green value proposition (GVP), target group (TG), key activities (KA), key resources (KR), and financial logic (FL). Design/methodology/approach In this qualitative study, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted. Interviewees were selected purposively. The emergent data were analysed with the aid of themes. Findings It was observed that significant effort was being made towards enabling the transformation of certain elements pertinent to green value creation: KA and KR. This was particularly so when compared to other elements like GVP, TG, and FL. Practical implications Findings from this study should encourage construction managers to align their extant BMs to green activities hence enabling new approaches to green value creation and capture. Furthermore, the study will aid in improving the environmental and economic positions of the value chain within the construction sector. Originality/value This research is one of the few empirical academic works investigating GBMs in the construction sector.
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Agbonta, W. A. P., and O. A. Olowoporoku. "Residents’ Perception and Response to Development Control Activities in Nigerian Cities: The Case of Ibadan and Akure, South-West, Nigeria." July 2017 1, no. 2 (July 2017): 318–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2017.02.0041.
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This study assessed residents’ perception and response to development control activities in Ibadan and Akure Nigeria. This was with a view to suggesting policy a response capable of enhancing orderly control of development in the cities and others with similar background. A local government was selected in each of the two cities. This is followed by the selection of two wards in each of the selected local governments across the two cities. In the four selected wards, every 20th residential building was sampled sequel to listing of buildings based on street numbering system and counting of buildings where houses were not numbered. For the study, 106 residents were sampled on whom questionnaires were administered. This sample comprised 55 respondents in Ibadan and 51 residents in Akure. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that demolition exercise was the major source of awareness of development control activities across the two cities. However, there were differences in residents’ perception of roles of development control agencies in Ibadan and Akure. The study also found that majority of the residents across the two cities do not have survey plans neither do they prepare building plans before embarking on construction. This study established the divergent views on satisfaction with conduct of development control activities among residents of Ibadan and Akure. The study recommended that development control agencies in the two cities should cultivate a cordial relationship with the residents in order to motivate them to fulfil land administration requirements before embarking on construction exercises.
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Anwar, Bilal, Muneeb Asif, and Muhammad Imran Ashraf. "Assessing Economic Benefits through Waste Efficient Drivers in Mega Construction Projects: A Case of Pakistan." Global Foreign Policies Review III, no. I (December 30, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gfpr.2020(iii-i).01.
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Waste disposal has become an issue worldwide and the major cause of this issue is considered to be the construction activities producing wastes. Pakistan being the 6 most populated country in the world is considered to have a huge amount of waste due to the various construction and particularly megaprojects and this amount of construction waste is increasing consistently in the country. Pakistan produces of construction waste per year and is increasing annually by 2%. These increasing wastes and issues associated with these construction wastes lead to a crucial need for improvement of waste management practices in the construction industry of the country through various measures. Despite of the large need for waste minimization research in Pakistan, , deductive approach was used, and quantitative method was selected, the present study has used cross-sectional design. The researcher used a sample of 323 individuals and conducted a questionnaire-based study.
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Ghoddousi, Parviz, and Mohammad Reza Hosseini. "A SURVEY OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN IRAN." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 18, no. 1 (April 10, 2012): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2012.661203.
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The intense competition between the Iranian construction companies has led them to take all appropriate measures to decrease the costs as much as possible. Hence, due to the pivotal role of human resources in construction projects cost, a major part of Iranian construction companies seek their profitability and survival in maximizing the productivity of their operatives. Because of the widespread belief among contractors about the low productivity of daily workers and operatives with basic salary, they commit a major part of their projects activities to sub-contractors. Deployment of sub-contractors by construction firms has become largely conventional in country's construction projects. The aims of this paper is defined as determining the factors and grounds affecting sub-contractors productivity and evaluate their overall negative side effects on project productivity via a structured questionnaire. A total of 31 factors selected and were divided into 7 broad categories. The perceptions of companies managers were asked about the level of effect brought about by the mentioned factors and groups upon productivity on a time based criterion. The analysis indicated that the most important grounds affecting sub-contractors productivity in descending order include: Materials/Tools, Construction technology and method, Planning, Supervision system, Reworks, Weather, and Jobsite condition. Project managers should focus on the identified major grounds and relevant factors in order to improve productivity as long as they commit construction activities to sub-contractors.
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Biruk, Sławomir, and Łukasz Rzepecki. "Simulation model for resource-constrained construction project." Open Engineering 9, no. 1 (July 20, 2019): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2019-0037.
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AbstractRepetition of the same processes on different objects or units of a construction project and their concurrent execution makes it necessary to use the same limited resources at the same time. Managers prefer simple heuristic priority rules to scheduling construction activities, but there is not one the best for all projects. In addition that the experience from deterministic scheduling problems and priority-rule methods cannot always be directly transferred to stochastic environment.The paper presents the pure reactive simulation model for planning construction projects in random conditions, taking into account the availability of renewable resources. Conducting simulation tests allows for various priority rules to determine the distribution of construction project duration and evaluate the robustness of the schedule.The paper analyzes the effectiveness of the selected priority rules in a pipe line project. In the analyzed project, the Dynamic Minimum Slack rule ensures the lowest average duration of the project in random conditions and the highest quality robustness. The analysis of the simulation results can help the construction manager to choose the procedure ensuring the timely completion of the construction project in the stochastic environment.
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Thiessen, Diane, and Margaret Matthias. "Selected Children's Books For Geometry." Arithmetic Teacher 37, no. 4 (December 1989): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/at.37.4.0047.
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What experiences have your students had with geometry both outside and within the classroom? Do your students view the study of geometry as interesting and functional? Do they appreciate the beauty of geometric design? How is geometry presented in your textbook? Are the lessons on exploring shapes limited to having the students name such figures as triangles and squares or spheres and cubes? Are the lessons on area limited to substituting measures in formulas? Are the lessons on constructions limited to step-by-step instructions? Has geometry been reduced to the study of definitions? Or are the lessons designed with activities in which students develop geometric concepts and relationships through explorations?
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Omollo, W. O. "Barriers to the Effective Regulation of the Building Construction Industry: An Empirical Analysis." Journal of Construction Business and Management 3, no. 2 (August 18, 2019): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/jcbm.3.2.745.
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This study investigates key barriers to the effective regulation of the building construction industry in Kenya, a case study of Kisii Town. It was guided by the Public Interest Theory of Regulation, which provided the underpinning elucidating why the building construction industry in Kenya needs regulation. The target population comprised 84 registered building contractors with a sample size of 66 selected using simple random sampling by application of random number table. As regards limitation, the study does not measure the extent of quality assurance within the construction industry, but rather delve on the key factors impeding its effective regulation. The research findings show that ineffective regulation of the construction industry in Kisii Town was prompted by the joint activities of building development contractors and limitations of the National Construction Authority (NCA) (the regulator). Regarding the activities of building contractors, identified barriers included failure to refer to key legislation that regulates the construction industry, failure to obtain statutory approvals of building development, and laxity to invite supervision of ongoing projects by planning authorities. Conversely, factors elucidating why NCA was not successfully regulating the construction industry included inadequate multi-sectoral coordination, inadequate surveillance, and limited sensitization of key stakeholders. Drawing from these findings, the study recommends regular monitoring and enhanced enforcement that would promote compliance and sensitization of contractors with applicable standards and regular inspections of ongoing projects. Also, establishing a coordinating committee to harmonize institutions that deal with development control.
Keywords: Construction Industry, Kenya, Kisii Town, Regulation
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Okoye, Peter Uchenna. "Occupational Health and Safety Risk Levels of Building Construction Trades in Nigeria." Construction Economics and Building 18, no. 2 (June 27, 2018): 92–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v18i2.5882.
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This study assessed the occupational health and safety risk-level of common building construction trades in Nigeria. It also identified the sources, frequency and magnitude of risks inherent in the activities of various building construction trades. Being site-based survey research, it made use of a structured questionnaire administered to the selected building construction workers of different trades in Anambra State, Nigeria. The collected data were subjected to quantitative risk analysis using mean value method and risk prioritisation number. The study found that masonry, carpentry (including formwork and roofing), and iron bending and steel fixing are common building trades associated with high risks; whereas electrical fitting and installation, painting, tiling, and plumbing are medium risk building trades. It also found that the rate of occurrence and magnitude of impact of different safety risk factors differ across the building trades, which could be attributed to the differences in activities and modes of operation in different building trades. On this premise, the study suggested a multi-risk management and control approach for construction managers on building construction sites since the frequency of risk occurrence and the magnitude of risk severity differ across trades. It further called for institutional and legislative re-strengthening of extant labour laws in Nigeria.
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Pervez, S., G. Balakrishna, and S. Tiwari. "Source apportionment of mercury in dust fallout at urban residential area of Central India." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 5 (October 19, 2009): 21915–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-21915-2009.
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Abstract. The components and quantities of atmospheric dust fallout have been reported to be the pollution indicator of large urban areas. The multiplicity and complexity of sources of atmospheric dusts in urban regions (e.g. industrial complexes composed of a variety of industrial processes, automobiles, construction activities etc.) has put forward the need of source apportionment of these sources indicating their contribution to specific environmental receptor. The study presented here is focused on investigation of source contribution estimates of Mercury in urban dust fallout in an urban-industrial area, Raipur, India. Source-receptor based representative sampling plan using longitudinal study design has been adopted. Six sampling sites have been identified on the basis of land use for development plan of anthropogenic activities and factors related to the transportation and dispersion pattern of atmospheric dusts. 24 samples of dust fallout has been collected from each site (one in each month) and subjected to chemical analysis of selected chemical constituents known as markers of selected major dust emitting sources (Steel making average, Road traffic-borne dusts, construction activities, Auto mobile exhaust, and soils). Chemical composition of dust measured at sites marked for identified sources alongwith SPECIATE of USEPA has been used for the preparation of source profiles. Three classified residential receptors (ambient-outdoor, house-indoors and local street-outdoors) have been chosen for development of receptor compositional profiles. Source apportionment has been done using Chemical Mass Balance (CMB 8). Good fit parameters and relative source contribution has been analysed and documented. Dust fallout and respective mercury levels were found tobe higher compared to prescribed standards. Variation in relative contribution of selected sources from site to site within the study area has been occurred. Dominance of local line and area sources (road-traffic and construction borne dusts) on mercury levels measured at selected residential receptors compared to stationary industrial sources has been observed. Road-traffic has shown highest contribution of dust and mercury in house-indoors, while in case of ambient-outdoor the receptor has shown different higher susceptibility of identified sources for dust and mercury. The results of CMB output and regression data of source-receptor dust matrices have shown comparable pattern.
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De Angelis, Maria, Sonya Siragusa, Mirco Vacca, Raffaella Di Cagno, Fernanda Cristofori, Michael Schwarm, Stefan Pelzer, et al. "Selection of Gut-Resistant Bacteria and Construction of Microbial Consortia for Improving Gluten Digestion under Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions." Nutrients 13, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030992.
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This work aimed to define the microbial consortia that are able to digest gluten into non-toxic and non-immunogenic peptides in the human gastrointestinal tract. Methods: 131 out of 504 tested Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria, specifically Bacillus (64), lactobacilli (63), Pediococcus (1), and Weissella (3), showed strong gastrointestinal resistance and were selected for their PepN, PepI, PepX, PepO, and PepP activities toward synthetic substrates. Based on multivariate analysis, 24 strains were clearly distinct from the other tested strains based on having the highest enzymatic activities. As estimated by RP-HPLC and nano-ESI–MS/MS, 6 cytoplasmic extracts out of 24 selected strains showed the ability to hydrolyze immunogenic epitopes, specifically 57–68 of α9-gliadin, 62–75 of A-gliadin, 134–153 of γ-gliadin, and 57–89 (33-mer) of α2-gliadin. Live and lysed cells of selected strains were combined into different microbial consortia for hydrolyzing gluten under gastrointestinal conditions. Commercial proteolytic enzymes (Aspergillusoryzae E1, Aspergillusniger E2, Bacillussubtilis Veron HPP, and Veron PS proteases) were also added to each microbial consortium. Consortium activity was evaluated by ELISA tests, RP-HPLC-nano-ESI–MS/MS, and duodenal explants from celiac disease patients. Results: two microbial consortia (Consortium 4: Lactiplantibacillus (Lp.) plantarum DSM33363 and DSM33364, Lacticaseibacillus (Lc.) paracasei DSM33373, Bacillussubtilis DSM33298, and Bacilluspumilus DSM33301; and Consortium 16: Lp. plantarum DSM33363 and DSM33364, Lc. paracasei DSM33373, Limosilactobacillusreuteri DSM33374, Bacillusmegaterium DSM33300, B.pumilus DSM33297 and DSM33355), containing commercial enzymes, were able to hydrolyze gluten to non-toxic and non-immunogenic peptides under gastrointestinal conditions. Conclusions: the results of this study provide evidence that selected microbial consortia could potentially improve the digestion of gluten in gluten-sensitive patients by hydrolyzing the immunogenic peptides during gastrointestinal digestion.
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Sun, Hongwei, and Yeongmog Park. "CO2 Emission Calculation Method during Construction Process for Developing BIM-Based Performance Evaluation System." Applied Sciences 10, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 5587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10165587.
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Nowadays, global warming is a big challenge for human beings; since the Kyoto Protocol became effective, greenhouse gas emissions have been an important environmental evaluation index in all industries. Construction is a big contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. The greenhouse gas emissions in the construction stage are mainly from the construction materials and the construction activities. The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively calculate the carbon dioxide emissions in the construction process, and provide a method of controlling the CO2 emissions effectively by converting into cost. In this study, the authors selected the tunnel construction as the research object, and chose the primary greenhouse gas-CO2 to estimate emissions. The authors did a research based on BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, to calculate CO2 emission during the construction process. It considered the CO2 emissions from main materials and equipment. Finally, the authors used the recent carbon emission trading price to convert the CO2 emission into cost, and did the economic analysis. The method proposed in this paper can effectively evaluate the CO2 emissions in the construction process; it has a good reference significance for the selection of low-carbon emission materials in the design process, and it provides a case reference and direction for research of low-carbon equipment. By using the EU emissions trading system, the economic conversion of CO2 emissions will provide an economic evaluation index for the CO2 emissions of tunnel construction activities. Meanwhile, based on the method of this study, a BIM-based automated performance evaluation system could be developed.
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Sherafat, Rashidi, Lee, and Ahn. "A Hybrid Kinematic-Acoustic System for Automated Activity Detection of Construction Equipment." Sensors 19, no. 19 (October 3, 2019): 4286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194286.
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Automatically recognizing and tracking construction equipment activities is the first step towards performance monitoring of a job site. Recognizing equipment activities helps construction managers to detect the equipment downtime/idle time in a real-time framework, estimate the productivity rate of each equipment based on its progress, and efficiently evaluate the cycle time of each activity. Thus, it leads to project cost reduction and time schedule improvement. Previous studies on this topic have been based on single sources of data (e.g., kinematic, audio, video signals) for automated activity-detection purposes. However, relying on only one source of data is not appropriate, as the selected data source may not be applicable under certain conditions and fails to provide accurate results. To tackle this issue, the authors propose a hybrid system for recognizing multiple activities of construction equipment. The system integrates two major sources of data—audio and kinematic—through implementing a robust data fusion procedure. The presented system includes recording audio and kinematic signals, preprocessing data, extracting several features, as well as dimension reduction, feature fusion, equipment activity classification using Support Vector Machines (SVM), and smoothing labels. The proposed system was implemented in several case studies (i.e., ten different types and equipment models operating at various construction job sites) and the results indicate that a hybrid system is capable of providing up to 20% more accurate results, compared to cases using individual sources of data.
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Pinheiro, Paula Cristina Morais, Glauciano de Oliveira Ferreira, Francisca Valúzia Guedes Guerra, Tahissa Frota Cavalcante, Nirla Gomes Guedes, and Rafaella Pessoa Moreira. "Nursing intervention assessment tool fall prevention in elderly people with systemic arterial hypertension." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 10, no. 7 (April 16, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v10n7p60.
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Background and objective: Elderly people are at greater risk for falls and, therefore, need effective interventions to prevent them. The aim of the study was to develop an assessment tool for nursing intervention fall prevention to elderly with arterial hypertension and with nursing diagnosis Risk of falls.Methods: A methodological study, accomplished in four stages: activities selection of the fall Prevention intervention from Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC); 2) construction of constructive definitions and operational for selected activities; 3) expert validation of constructed definitions; 4) pretest of the final assessment tool.Results: The experts selected 50 activities out of 65 presented by NIC. The constitutive and operational definitions of the 50 activities were elaborated. From the focus group, some activities were grouped and the content of others changed. The pretest showed that, although the application of the assessment tool with the definitions take longer, it was more complete and targeted. The final assessment tool contains 28 activities with constitutive definitions and operational.Conclusions: The produced assessment tool has nursing activities with constitutive and operational definitions suitable for clinical nursing practice. It is believed that it can lead the intervention of the nurses in preventing falls in elderly people with SAH and with the nursing diagnosis Risk of falls.
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Yoshikawa, Hideki, Tsuyoshi Ito, Kotaro Ise, and Yoshito Sasaki. "Construction of Microbial Kinetics Database for PA of HLW disposal." MRS Proceedings 1665 (2014): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2014.627.
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ABSTRACTTo evaluate a change of chemical species of groundwater composition by the metabolism of microbes, which will be introduced to deep underground from the surface and be in a deep underground, is important for the discussion of the microbial effects on the performance assessment of the high-level radioactive waste repository. The purpose of this study is to develop of a microbial kinetics database to evaluate their activities in the deep underground environment.Some microbial metabolism data were collected and constructed their kinetics database for aerobic, denitrifying, manganese reducing, iron reducing, sulfate reducing, methanogenic and acetogenic bacteria to evaluate above groundwater chemistry. About 1260 data were selected by literature survey for some journals and books published from 1960s and summarized in this microbial kinetics database. Some sensitivity analyses were performed for some parameter of metabolism of microbes.
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Kipngeno, Japhet, Paul A. Omondi, and Abdirizak A. Nunow. "Impacts of Farming Activities on the Conservation of Sondu River Basin in Kericho County, Kenya." East African Journal of Environment and Natural Resources 2, no. 2 (July 14, 2020): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajenr.2.2.182.
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Governments and environmental conservationists agree that wetland resources need to be utilized sustainably to ensure the continued presence of wetlands and their ecological goods and services. Ideally, wetlands should be integrated into the national and local land use plans to ensure sustainable use and management of the resources. However, this is not the case as far as Kenya is concerned. Instead, there is rampant exploitation of wetlands by individuals, organizations and even government agencies with no regard for environmental conservation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the impact of human activities on wetland conservation with a focus on the Sondu River Basin. The objective of the study was to establish the farming activities on the Conservation of Sondu River Basin Kericho County, Kenya. The study was grounded on the integrated water resource management theory. This study adopted a concurrent triangulation research design, which entailed a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data. The target population for the study was 164 respondents in which a sample of 144 respondents was selected using Slovin's formula. The sample was randomly selected with the inclusion criterion being that the chosen respondents were homogeneously engaged in human activities that affected wetland conservation. Intensive data cleaning exercise was carried out including checking for outliers, missing data imputation and variable transformation. The collected data were analyzed by use of descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and summation and presented in the form of tables and charts. The results of the study will inform policy and practice in the management and conservation of the Sondu River wetland area. The study established that human activities such as farming, logging, construction, drilling, building and construction and settlements have immensely hampered conservation of Sondu wetland. Further, it was noted that it is indeed possible to gain vital information about the human activities responsible for the degradation of wetlands.
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Tam, Vivian W. Y. "A Feasibility Study of Implementing Material Management in Construction: United Kingdom and Hong Kong Empirical Studies." Journal of Green Building 3, no. 2 (May 1, 2008): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.3.2.77.
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Construction organizations have a common practice to purchase and to deliver required materials to construction sites about one month before activities start. This leads to uneconomical inventory on site and contractors' warehouses. This paper investigates the feasibility in implementing material management in construction. United Kingdom and Hong Kong are selected for the investigation as one has a long implementation period and another one is just implementing material management as noted by interviewed contractors. Questionnaires and structured interviews are conducted. It is found that United Kingdom construction industry benefits are more significant than that in Hong Kong. This can stimulate interests in implementing material management in Hong Kong. Respondents from Hong Kong claimed that their companies will be willing to implement material management where practicable. This study can also help countries currently implementing material management. From that, waste generation can be reduced and a green construction environment can be achieved. Recommendations to improve the implementation are also discussed.
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Bhatti, Imtiaz Ali, Abd Halid Abdullah, Sasitharan Nagapan, Nabi Bux Bhatti, Muhammad Tahir Lakhiar, and Muntazir Mahdi Mahar. "Building Construction Labour Productivity in Arid Climate Environment." Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2019-0017.
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Abstract Productivity is a significant aspect of construction industry that plays vital role for success and failure of any construction project. This industry generates 11% to 13% of GDP all around the globe and the cost of labour in any building project is 20% to 35% of the cost of Building. On daily basis labour utilizes 30% of time on productive activities rest 70% of the time is ruined in non-productive activities, there are multi factors which are affecting the labour production in construction industry hence this study provides an overview of productivity, Total Factor productivity, method used to measure accurate productivity in construction projects. The objective of this study is find out percentage up to what extent labour production is affected due to weather conditions, however this study is carried out in arid climate region in Month of June 2018, where minimum temperature was recorded 26.0 Celsius degree at 7:30 AM and Maximum was 47.80 Celsius degree at 3:00 PM. A descriptive survey research design approach was adopted using continuous observation method of study. Project work study manual served as the research instrument to collect the data on selected building sites for 30 working days. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statics. The results show that average monthly production of mason gang was recorded with less production of 28.759%, Carpentry gang with average monthly loss of production 16.74% & steel fixer gang had average monthly loss of production was 12.188. This concludes that prior to signing the contract for construction project. The location, environment, topography of region, capacity of construction operatives must be kept in mind to decide the proper timeline for the successful of project.
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Wu, Xianfeng, Zhipeng Kou, Philip Oldfield, Tim Heath, and Katharina Borsi. "Informal Learning Spaces in Higher Education: Student Preferences and Activities." Buildings 11, no. 6 (June 11, 2021): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11060252.
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Informal learning spaces play a significant role in enriching student experiences in learning environments. Such spaces are becoming more common, resulting in a change to the spatial configuration of built environments in higher education. However, previous research lacks methods to evaluate the influence of the spatial design characteristics of informal learning spaces on student preferences and their activities within. This paper aims to tease out the spatial design characteristics of informal learning spaces to examine how they shape students’ preferences in terms of their use of the spaces and what they do within them. The two case studies selected for this study, both in the UK, are the Diamond at the University of Sheffield, and the Newton at Nottingham Trent University. A mixed-methods study is applied, including questionnaires, observation, interviews, and focus groups. Six significant design characteristics (comfort, flexibility, functionality, spatial hierarchy, openness, and other support facilities) that influence student use of informal learning environments are identified. These can be used to inform future design strategies for other informal learning spaces in higher education.
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Devkota, Kamal Raj. "Unravelling English Language Space Constituted in Model School Construction in Nepal." Education and Development 29 (December 1, 2019): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ed.v29i0.32565.
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School Sector Development Plan (SSDP, 2016-2023) has envisaged the establishment and operation of ‘model schools’ to demonstrate improved management and teaching-learning therein. One thousand secondary schools representing all provinces and districts are planned to be developed as model schools, and three hundred and five have already been selected for initiating the project in 2017/18. Model School Guideline has been developed in the framework of SSDP; and in accordance with that, the selected schools are provided with certain financial support for building infrastructure, improving classroom delivery and instructional activities, and bringing efficiency in school management. Based on the fieldwork in four sample schools of Nepal, this study has unraveled how these ‘model’ schools have understood, experienced and enacted with English language space (ELS) in the course of model school construction. The analysis of the field data especially derived from school observation, qualitative research interviews and Focus Group Discussions with teachers, School Management Committee members and students unpacks how English language, which is often defined as the key for students’ and parents’ choice of school, is equally associated with confusion and ambivalence in the construction of model schools in Nepal. The analysis shows that the confusion and ambivalence concentrate around three major constructs: ELS as instrumental to school sustainability, ELS as a conflicting zone, and ELS as the educultural reality in the current educational discourses.
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Villamizar-Mogotocoro, Andrés-Felipe, Andrés-Felipe León-Rojas, and Juan-Manuel Urbina-González. "Δα,β-Butenolides [Furan-2(5H)-ones]: Ring Construction Approaches and Biological Aspects - A Mini-Review." Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry 17, no. 8 (December 24, 2020): 922–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570193x17666200220130735.
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The five-membered oxacyclic system of furan-2(5H)-ones, commonly named as γ- butenolides or appropriately as Δα,β-butenolides, is of high interest since many studies have proven its bioactivity. During the past few years, Δα,β-butenolides have been important synthetic targets, with several reports of new procedures for their construction. A short compendium of the main different synthetic methodologies focused on the Δα,β-butenolide ring formation, along with selected examples of compounds with relevant biological activities of these promising pharmaceutical entities is presented.
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Taher Ahmed, Mohammed, Rozana Zakaria, Mohamad Zin Abd Majid, and Ismail Mohd Affendi. "Importance of Sustainable Concrete Formwork System." Advanced Materials Research 598 (November 2012): 360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.598.360.
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Construction industry is seen to be able to play a bigger role into a sustainable society by offering sustainable construction. As the premier construction material across the world, concrete has a major determining role on the effects, good or bad, of construction on the environment, meanwhile the formwork system is one of the important construction methods in building construction, which eventually will lead to more sustainable construction. In this context, this study focuses on the importance of the formwork system and its influence on achieving sustainable construction. The study aims to identify the basic sustainability objectives that considered responsive to formwork system. Using questionnaire survey distributed among construction experts, the economic category had been selected as the most important factor that considered respond to the formwork system, and the environmental category comes second while social comes the third. Furthermore, fifty percent of the respondents agree that type of formwork system effect on the sustainability of the construction project and about forty percent was moderate about it. Determination the objectives of sustainability that respond to the formwork system, which covers all activities and processes related to the formwork system can assist developers and others stakeholders to evaluate the performance of the system in order to make enhancement to the system.
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Zulu, Kelvin, Rajendra P. Singh, and Farai Ada Shaba. "Environmental and Economic Analysis of Selected Pavement Preservation Treatments." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 210–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091465.
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Pavements are one of the highest assets and represent massive investment. The need to design and provide a sustainable maintenance service is becoming a priority and this comes mutually with the intentions to reduce impacts caused by maintenance treatments to the environment. This paper through a case study presents a Life Cycle Cost and Assessment technique during a 30 year analysis period to measure the cost effectiveness, embodied energy and carbon emissions of selected preservation treatments. These treatments can either be applied separately or in combination during the preventive maintenance of road pavements. This study entails three life cycle phases of material extraction and production, transportation and construction of maintenance activities. Through a literature review, raw materials energy and emission inventory data was averaged followed by the analysis of the equipment involved by using the specific fuel consumption to calculate the energy and emissions spent by the machine and finally the selected treatment energy and emissions was computed. Results show that preservation treatments can have an LCC of 30-40 % and embodied energy and carbon emission of 3-6 times lower than the traditional approach. This study bridges gaps in literature on integrated evaluation of environmental and economic aspects of preservation treatments.
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Khaerani, Puspa, Heru Sri Naryanto, Dian Nuraini Melati, and Syakira Trisnafiah. "Kajian Landing Station Alat Deteksi Dini Tsunami Berbasis Kabel Serat Optik Bawah Laut di Kabupaten Pasangkayu, Sulawesi Barat." Jurnal ALAMI : Jurnal Teknologi Reduksi Risiko Bencana 5, no. 1 (July 29, 2021): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/alami.v5i1.4841.
Full textAbstract:
The construction of an underwater fiber-optic cable-based tsunami early detection system is planned to be installed in the Makassar Strait with a landing point in West Sulawesi. Land infrastructure such as a Power House (PH), a communication tower, and a Beach Manhole (BMH) is needed to sustain the system's power in order to survive. Therefore, the aim of this scientific paper is to study several alternative landing station locations in Pasangkayu, West Sulawesi and then determine the priority locations. The methods used to achieve these objectives are field observation methods and secondary data analysis based on parameters of land area conditions, environmental conditions, supporting infrastructure, social conditions and licensing systems, and marine activities. These aspects are then assessed to determine the priority of the selected location. The location selected based on the assessment carried out is ALT-02B. In succession, the three priority locations selected from the order of most priority to least priority are ALT-02B, ALT-02A, and ALT-06. This selected priority location is not necessarily the final choice location to be used in the construction of a tsunami early detection system land infrastructure because in the process there are still things to be considered and aspects that are made the main priority for consideration in making decisions.
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Duarte, J., Mário Vaz, J. Torres Costa, and J. Santos Baptista. "Occupational exposure to dust in road construction, earthworks and open-pit mining – a scoping review protocol." International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Safety 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2184-0954_003.002_0003.
Full textAbstract:
The exposure to respirable particulates poses a significant threat to human health globally. Several occupational activities can contribute to this problem, being open-pit mining and related activities such as road construction and earthworks some examples. This systematic review protocol outlines the main procedures to conduct a scoping review which aims to identify the most adequate variables to plan safety since the design safe. To accomplish this primary objective, some secondary objectives were defined as well. The journals and databases considered more relevant were selected (i.e. Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct) and a set of keywords was defined to the latter sequenced combination. The selection process of the articles is also described, in an attempt to contribute to further research on this field. Every methodology is documented and supported by the PRISMA Statement adapted to the scoping review process. All of the data treatment is detailed, including the risk of bias and attempts to manage it.
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Khaertdinova, Alfira, Anna Maliashova, and Svetlana Gadelshina. "Economic development of the construction industry as a basis for sustainable development of the country." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 10021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127410021.
Full textAbstract:
This article examines the main trends in the construction industry as one of the most important economic sectors. Construction makes a significant contribution to the economic potential of the country it forms tangible assets and is an integral part of the wealth of the nation. We examined the resulting indicators of the industry in conjunction with macroeconomic indicators. The studies were carried out using statistics from the World Bank, the countries of the European Union and the Russian Federation in the period from 2000 to 2020. The study set out to compare the indicators affecting construction activities, investment, incomes and other sectors. In parallel we looked at the factors affecting the volume of completed construction works by means of correlation analysis to identify symbiotic relationships between the selected data. The main goal of the study is to identify the factors affecting the performance of the industry and confirm by use of quantitative analysis.