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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Selection of critical elements'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

De, Silva Dilrini R. "Characterising selection in Conserved Noncoding Elements (CNEs)." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2014. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/26983.

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Comparative genomic studies have identified noncoding regions of the genome which are often more highly conserved between species than protein-coding sequences. One possible explanation for this conservation of non-coding sequences is some form of selective constraint since sequence conservation at great evolutionary depths is a preliminary indication of functional constraint. Here, I consider nearly 2500 putative regulatory elements, termed Conserved Noncoding Elements (CNEs), that are conserved across seven vertebrate species (human, macaque, mouse, chicken, frog, zebrafish and fugu). I distinguish between CNEs that show accelerated rates of evolution and those that have remained more constrained throughout evolution, and identify CNEs that show higher than expected substitution rates in the human lineage that may be potential candidates of adaptive evolution. However, it is not trivial to demonstrate the action of selection on such sequences. It is relatively easier in the case of protein-coding DNA, since selection would be predicted to result in different rates of substitution for synonymous and non-synonymous sites. Hence, I use the same seven species to define phylogenetically invariant positions in CNEs in contrast to those that have at least one substitution and analyse them independently to determine if there is a positive correlation between evolutionary conservation and the strength of purifying selection at individual sites. In the 1000 Genomes, but not the HapMap, data I find a significant excess of rare derived alleles in CNEs relative to coding sequences. This excess of rare alleles can be best explained if selection is relatively consistent across sites, with most mutations resulting in a similar reduction in fitness. Finally, I explore patterns of variation in the allele-frequencies within human populations, however do not detect any significant differences in the underlying distribution of negatively selected variants among human populations.

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2

Olson, Theodore E. "Parish council guidelines elements for a critical evaluation /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1988. http://www.tren.com.

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3

Jacobson, Steven P. "Initiating residential learning communities: Critical elements and practice." Scholarly Commons, 2007. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2352.

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This study examined methods and practices utilized in planning residential learning communities at three large, state-funded, research-oriented universities. Much research has been conducted on the ability of residential learning communities to enhance student learning and retention but little research has been done on how these programs are initiated. This study focused on interviews with founders and initiators and archival documents from the Residential College at the University of Michigan, Freshman Interest Groups program at the University of Missouri-Columbia, and the Residential Freshman Interest Groups program at the University of Oregon. Rogers' organizational decision of innovations theory provided the conceptual framework for this qualitative study. This study found four critical elements for initiating residential learning communities: (1) the utilization of a representative planning committee (2) shared beliefs and faculty-faculty interaction, (3) campus champions with authority or expertise acknowledged by others (4) willingness among planning committee to adapt to changing circumstances. One unanticipated finding was the impetus for residential learning communities. While all three campuses sought to improve student connectedness, successful residential learning communities originated from fiscal concerns about underutilized campus housing as well as a desire to strengthen the rigor of undergraduate education. A second unanticipated finding was the relatively small role that institutional goals and missions played in initiating this innovation at the three sites. Initiators and founders of residential learning communities were less influenced by formal institutional mission statements than by an immediate fiscal or student development concern. Residential learning communities are one approach to integrating the resources of a large university with the intimacy of a small residential college. As large institutions strive to embrace academic as well as personal development for students, this research can guide campuses in effective planning.

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4

Wessel, Judith Ann. "Critical elements of the state extension specialists position /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487262825074435.

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5

Champion, de Crespigny Fleur E. "The role of selfish genetic elements in sexual selection." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421442.

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6

曾慶慈 and Hing-chi Tsang. "A critical study of supernatural elements in Yuan drama." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31210028.

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7

Weitsz, Marijke (Marijke Adriana). "Learning & knowledge : critical elements to sustained competitive advantage." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53485.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The increased rate of competitive challenges imposed on organisations by global economy, technological product changes, processes (Dixon, 1992; Dodgson, 1993), and abundance of information available (Huber 1991) necessitate organisations to unlearn, learn and relearn faster than others to survive. The development of sustainable competitive advantages is a vital management function and an important organisational requirement is to nurture learning and create new knowledge enabling organisations to exploit, develop and utilise resources better than rivals do. This paper originated from the need identified in my company that learning and use of new knowledge are essential elements to sustain competitive advantage. At the moment this is not the case and the challenges imposed on the organisation regarding technological advancements and rapid local and global environmental changes, has already negatively impacted the organisation's competitive position. Today learning is being experiences as just another expense and the use of new knowledge is not visible, as a matter of fact knowledge is being confused with information. Information is being "recycled"; in other words more of the same is shared and used within the organisation. Hardly any new knowledge is generated as the same minds that created problems are being used to solve them. In my opinion both learning and knowledge are strategic organisational requirements which must be nurtured and managed to (i) ensure return on investments, and (ii) strengthen the organisations future competitive position. The focus of the paper is to contribute to a deeper understanding of learning and knowledge, the linkage between individuals, organisations and learning loop approaches. Barriers preventing learning and use of knowledge will be identified as well as how the use of knowledge forms the foundation to achieve sustained competitive advantages to outsmart, outmaneuver and outwit the competition. Keywords: Knowledge; learning; organisational learning; competitive advantage; learning approaches, organisational barriers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die snel veranderende kompeterende uitdagings waaraan maatskappy vandag blootgestel word, bv globalisering, ekonomiese impak, tegnologiese produk en proses veranderinge asook die oorvloed inligting wat beskikbaar is, vereis dat maatskappye hul leerprosesse mbt "unlearn, learn and relearn" vinniger moet toepas om kompterend te bly. Die ontwikkeling van kompeterende voordele is 'n kern bestuursfunksie en 'n belangrike voorvereiste tov die organisatoriese leerproses en skepping van nuwe kennis om 'n voorsprong bo die konkurrente te bewerkstellig. Die oorspronklike idee vir die skripsie het binne my eie maatskappy ontstaan, waar die tekortkominge mbt die gefokusde daarstelling en gebruik van nuwe kennis, vir die behoud van 'n mark leierskap posisie, tans nie sigbaar is nie. Die snel veranderende tegnologiese en ekonomiese eksterne omgewing het reeds 'n negatiewe en detrimentele impak op die maatskappy gehad. Vandag is die leerkurwe en gebruik van nuwe kennis binne die maatskappy nie 'n fokus area nie. Kennis word tans met inligting verwar en dieselfde persone verantwoordelik vir die oorsaak/skep van probleme word gebruik om probleme op te los, maw inligting word "gehersirkuleer" binne die maatskappy. Die doel van die skripsie is om 'n bydrae te maak mbt die raakvlakke tussen die onderskeie leer benaderings, kennis, individue en die maatskappy en hoe die onderskeie benaderings by die leerproses inpas. Hindernisse wat die gebruik van kennis kan inhibeer en beperk word ge-identifiseer en laastens word die fokus op hoe die gebruik van kennis en kundigheid die basis kan vorm vir die verkryging van onderhoudende kompeterende voordele, geplaas.

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8

Kauffman, Syndi. "STORY ELEMENTS: WHICH IMPACT CHILDREN'S READING INTERESTS?" Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1120575730.

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9

Harasim, Tomáš. "Návrh diagnostické soustavy pro malý dopravní letoun." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231664.

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Due to the airliners and aircraft operators pressure on reducing the operating costs, the diagnostic systems are included in aircraft, so that the wearness of single functional elements of other functional systems can be monitored. This monitoring can save money, that are usually spent on maintenance and especially, it leads to an increase of the overall safety of aircraft operations. The task of this work is to design a diagnostic system for small transport aircraft. For the right and proper design, is the correct understanding of the functions of each part on aircraft systems needed. The part of this work is attended to the selection procedure of appropriate diagnostic parameters, next section deals with the suitable options of their scanning. I do mention the summary of the chosen diagnostic parameters for the scanning and the recomended ways of their measuring.

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10

Afonso, Elisabete Luís. "Recovery of technology-critical elements using a graphene based nanocomposite." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22404.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Química
Os Elementos terras raras (ETR), inseridos no grupo dos elementos críticos de tecnologia, são definidos pela nomenclatura IUPAC como os 15 lantanídeos em conjunto com o ítrio e o escândio. Devido às suas propriedades únicas, os ETR podem ser utilizados em inúmeras aplicações de cariz tecnológico, o que tem contribuído para um aumento contínuo da sua procura. No entanto, a sua extração e processamento é um processo difícil e dispendioso, causando diversos problemas ambientais. Nesse contexto, uma alternativa, mais económica e amiga do ambiente ao atual processo de obtenção dos ETR, poderá passar pela sua recuperação de efluentes e rios, através de processos de separação, nomeadamente adsorção (e/ou permuta iónica). Esta técnica é bastante versátil, eficiente, simples e bastante adaptável. Nos últimos anos, o grafeno bidimensional, um dos mais recentes tipos de nanoestruturas de carbono, tem sido amplamente explorado numa vasta gama de aplicações. No entanto, o seu uso como adsorvente para recuperação de ETR tem sido pouco investigado. Por outro lado, os materiais magnéticos apresentam propriedades físicas e químicas únicas, com especial foco na química de superfície. Aproveitando os benefícios do grafeno e das nanopartículas de magnetite, nesta dissertação de mestrado será abordada uma estratégia simples, baseada em interações electroestáticas, para preparação de um nanocompósito magnético à base de grafeno (MG-bN). Após a síntese, o nanocompósito foi estudado como adsorvente para a remoção de três dos mais importantes ETR, lantânio (La(III)), európio (Eu(III)) e térbio (Tb(III)), em soluções aquosas mono elementares e ternárias através de experiências em descontínuo. Os resultados revelaram que a adsorção de La(III), Eu(II) e Tb(III) pelo nanocompósito é muito sensível ao pH da solução e, as maiores percentagens de remoção ocorrem para valores de pH alcalinos. O nanocompósito em estudo apresenta uma rápida e elevada eficiência de adsorção, sendo que uma hora é suficiente para remover 82 % de Tb(III), 73 % de Eu(III) e 59 % de La(III) em soluções mono elementares com uma concentração inicial de 0.1 mg L-1 e utilizando apenas 50 mg L-1 de MG-bN. Já para soluções ternárias, a eficiência de remoção é um pouco mais baixa (30-58 %). A cinética do processo de adsorção foi estudada usando três modelos cinéticos, nomeadamente os modelos de pseudo-primeira e pseudo-segunda ordem bem como o modelo de Elovich. O modelo de pseudo-segunda ordem foi o que apresentou um melhor ajuste aos valores experimentais para soluções mono elementares (R2 > 0.99 e AARD < 5 %). Para soluções ternárias tanto o modelo de pseudo-segunda ordem como o de Elovich ajustam bem os dados experimentais (R2 > 0.99 e AARD < 6%). Em todos os ensaios efetuados, o equilíbrio de adsorção foi ajustado pelo modelo de Langmuir e pelo modelo de Freundlich. A capacidade estimada do MG-bN para os elementos em estudo é maior em comparação com os valores relatados na literatura para outros adsorventes já estudados na recuperação dos mesmos elementos. A aplicação do MG-bN para a adsorção de lantânio, európio e térbio a partir de soluções aquosas confirma que este nanocompósito tem potencial para ser usado em sistemas de recuperação de elementos terras raras.
Rare-earth elements (REE), also known as Technology-critical elements, are defined by the IUPAC nomenclature, as the 15 lanthanides together with yttrium and scandium. Due to their unique properties REE can be widely used in many high-tech applications. The demand for REEs is continually growing, but mining and processing these elements are difficult, expensive and originate environmental issues. Due to their huge application, the presence of REE was recently detect in waste waters and rivers. Under this context, a cheaper and environmentally friendly alternative to obtain REE is the recovery of these elements from effluents and/or rivers by adsorption (and/or ion exchange). This technique is very versatile, efficient, has straightforward design and a wide adaptability. In recent years, two-dimensional graphene, one of the newest type of carbon nanostructures has been extensively explored in a wide range of fields. However, its use as an adsorbent for REE recovery has been less investigated. On the other hand, magnetic materials are of considerable interest in material chemistry because of their unique physical and outstanding surface chemistry properties. Taking advantage of the combined benefits of graphene and magnetite nanoparticles, in this research a simple strategy based on electrostatic interactions, for preparing Fe3O4 /graphene based nanocomposite (MG-bN) is reported. The nanocomposite was then used as sorbent for the removal of lanthanum (La(III)), europium (Eu(III)) and terbium (Tb(III)), from single and ternary solutions, by carrying out batch experiments. Results have revealed that La(III), Eu(III) and Tb(III) uptake by the nanocomposite is very sensitive to solution pH and the highest efficiency occurs in alkaline media. The MG-bN shows fast and high adsorption efficiency, and 1 hour is sufficient to remove ca. 82 % of Tb(III), 73 % of Eu(III) and 59 % of La(III) from single solutions with an initial concentration of 0.1 mg L-1 and using only 50 mg L-1 of MG-bN. For ternary lanthanides solutions, the removal efficiency was lower (30-58 %). The adsorption kinetics of the lanthanides was modelled by pseudo first-order Lagergren, pseudo-second order and Elovich models, three of the most well-known and widely applied kinetic models. The pseudo-second order model was the one that better describe the uptake process for unary solutions (R2 > 0.99 e AARD < 5 %). For ternary solutions both pseudo-first order and Elovich models are the ones that better describe the uptake process (R2 > 0.99 e AARD < 6%). The adsorption equilibrium was fitted by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The estimated adsorption capacity of MG-bN for the lanthanides studied is higher than the values reported in literature for the sorption capacity of other adsorbents. The application of the MG-bN for the uptake of lanthanum, europium and terbium from aqueous solutions confirms that this nanocomposite has potential to be used to recover rare-earth elements

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11

Kashiyarandi, Shaghayegh. "Reusing Process Elements in Contextof Safety Critical System Developmentand Certification." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-36724.

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12

Tempan, P. D. "A study of a selection of topographical elements in Irish place names." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546438.

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13

Chen, Liang. "Motif Selection Using Simulated Annealing Algorithm with Application to Identify Regulatory Elements." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1531343206505855.

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14

Ryan, Kevin. "Negotiating the curriculum : text selection and critical approaches in senior English /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17628.pdf.

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15

Hahn, Brian A. "Analyzing the critical elements of behavioral safety and their impact on process implementation /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1203572641&sid=9&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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16

Ducharme, Ann Case. ""The Critical Zone" Compositional elements of communication in Makoto Fujimura's painting, 1994-2006 /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1179321075.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Cincinnati, 2007.
Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Jul. 17, 2007). Includes abstract. Keywords: Makoto Fujimura; nihonga. Includes bibliographical references.

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DuCharme, Ann Case. "“The Critical Zone”: Compositional Elements of Communication in Makoto Fujimura’s Painting, 1994–2006." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1179321075.

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18

Gaines, Rachel A. "Critical Elements That Affect Collegiate Athletes' Risk of Eating Disorder and Performance Perfectionism." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1399813887.

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19

Al-Ouran, Rami. "Motif Selection: Identification of Gene Regulatory Elements using Sequence CoverageBased Models and Evolutionary Algorithms." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1449003717.

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20

Bais, Joke Marie Jette. "Risk selection and detection a critical appraisal of the Dutch obstetric system /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2004. http://dare.uva.nl/document/75819.

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21

Javvaji, Pavan Kumar. "STATISTICAL METHODS FOR CRITICAL PATHS SELECTION AND FAULT COVERAGE IN INTEGRATED CIRCUITS." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1664.

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With advances in technology, modern integrated circuits have higher complexities and reduced transistor sizing. In deep sub-micron, the parameter variation-control is difficult and component delays vary from one manufactured chip to another. Therefore, the delays are not discrete values but are a statistical quantity, and statistical evaluation methods have gained traction. Furthermore, fault injection based gate-level fault coverage is non-scalable and statistical estimation methods are preferred. This dissertation focuses on scalable statistical methods to select critical paths in the presence of process variations, and to improve the defect coverage for complex integrated circuits. In particular, we investigate the sensitization probability of a path by a test pattern under statistical delays. Next, we investigate test pattern generation for improving the sensitization probability of a path, selecting critical paths that yield high defect coverage, and scalable method to estimate fault coverage of complex designs using machine learning techniques.

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22

Kondik, Kevin W. "A Critical Review of Three Theories for Music’s Origin." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1267813140.

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23

John, Mervyn. "Critical path analysis using simulation techniques and selection of lean tools to multiple critical paths based on cost factor." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/5180.

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A production system converts raw materials into finished goods by various processes. The processes could occur parallel in order to reduce the time taken to complete the processes. Critical path in production systems is the maximum time taken to complete processes occurring in parallel. Identifying critical paths are important because, in order to improve the cycle time emphasis needs to be given to the critical path. Critical path is usually a single path in deterministic processing times. Due to variability more than one path might tend to be critical within the same system. The initial part of this research focuses on identifying changes in critical paths in variable processing times and prioritization of paths. Several metrics such as critical path severity index, all path severity indexes, probability of critical path beyond standard time are used to identify the criticality of paths. Next, suitable tools are implemented within these paths in order to improve the probability of completion and reduce the costs due to delay. An economic analysis for using lean tools within the paths is done. The allocation of improvement tools is based on the variability of each process and the processing time
Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering.

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24

Haugaard, Joy Felice-Stryker. "Critical elements of beginning teacher induction an analysis of support contributing to professional development /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0009184.

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Coates, David John. "The implications of actinide generation and destruction in accelerator driven sub-critical reactors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610084.

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Motley, Curtis Bobby. "The evaluation of an argon and helium highly efficient microwave induced plasma as an element selective detector for packed column super critical fluid chromatography." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37740.

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27

Residegan, Katayun. "Critical success factors for selecting ideas in front-end of SME." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188895.

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Front-end activities prior to the product and process development have been pointed out by studies to be an essential part in development of new products and processes. Here selecting ideas is found to be route cause of success and failures of the new product and process development outcomes. The existing studies concentrate on larger companies, where tools and processes often are not fitting into the SME which have different needs and settings and lack attention regarding effective and sustainable processes in the front-end. This thesis addresses the need for a more detailed view of the most important factors that influence selecting innovative ideas in SME, with a purpose to address these factors and improve them in the front end process of these companies. For this, by means of extensive literature study on SME, front-End and idea selection theories, a theoretical model for critical success factors for idea selection is developed, containing 21 factors. These factors are divided in main aspects of Shared vision, Innovation strategy, Leadership and management, Appropriate, structure and organization, Key individuals. Subsequently this model is tested in a case study of Bioteria Technologies AB in which the company’s idea selection process is analysed with the model. The empirical analysis and discussions resulted in learning about the status of the company against the factors from which propositions follow. The outcome of the study is a model that can be used for addressing what the challenges and opportunities are for the SME related to improving or adopting an idea selection phase.

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Kamla, Rania. "Social accounting in a selection of Arab countries : critical and post-colonial perspectives." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1133.

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許子濱 and Tzu-pin Hsu. "A critical study of the ritual elements in Yang Bojun's (1909-1992) Chunqiu Zuozhuan Zhu." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31237046.

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Fynn, Clive Adrian. "A founder's strategy and entrepreneurial leadership are critical elements in growing and developing a midsized venture." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11072005-115124.

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Cook, Grant O. III. "Joining Polycrystalline Cubic Boron Nitride and Tungsten Carbide by Partial Transient Liquid Phase Bonding." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2366.

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Friction stir welding (FSW) of steel is often performed with an insert made of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN). Specifically, MS80 is a grade of PCBN made by Smith MegaDiamond that has been optimized for the FSW process. The PCBN insert is attached to a tungsten carbide (WC) shank by a compression fitting. However, FSW tools manufactured by this method inevitably fail by fracture in the PCBN. Permanently bonding PCBN to WC would likely solve the fracturing problem and increase the life of PCBN FSW tools to be economically viable. Partial transient liquid phase (PTLP) bonding, a process used to join ceramics with thin metallic interlayers, was proposed as a method to permanently bond PCBN to WC. PTLP bonding is often performed using three layers of pure elements. On heating, the two thin outer interlayers melt and bond to the ceramics. Concurrently, these liquid layers diffuse into the thicker refractory core until solidification has occurred isothermally. A procedure was developed to reduce the number of possible three-layer PTLP bonding setups to a small set of ideal setups using logical filters. Steps in this filtering method include a database of all existing binary systems, sessile drop testing of 20 elements, and a routine that calculates maximum interlayer thicknesses. Results of sessile drop testing showed that the PCBN grade required for this research could only be bonded with an alloy of Ti, Cu, Mg, and Sb. Two PTLP bond setups were tested using this special coating on the PCBN, but a successful bond could not be achieved. However, a PTLP bond of WC to WC was successful and proved the usefulness of the filtering procedure for determining PTLP bond setups. This filtering procedure is then set forth in generalized terms that can be used to PTLP bond any material. Also, recommendations for future research to bond this grade of PCBN, or some other grade, to WC are presented.

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Curry, Fred. "Motivation matters a critical analysis and refutation of evolutionary arguments for psychological altruism /." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1174953093.

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33

Farrar, Beth Lauri. "Elements of reflective and non-reflective discourse in an online induction program for experienced and novice science teachers." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/farrar/FarrarB1209.pdf.

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Reflection is frequently cited in the literature as integral to the type of learning in which professionals engage. However, throughout the literature the concept of reflection has been ill-defined and shown to be difficult to operationalize in studies. Beginning with a comprehensive review of the literature, this study sought to develop a research based way to operationalize reflection. Once reflection was defined and operationalized, a discourse analysis rubric was designed to identify elements of non reflective and reflective discourse used by participants in an online content-based mentoring and induction professional development program, e-Mentoring for Student Success (eMSS). The rubric was used to conduct a content analysis of online discourse between novice and experienced science teachers participating in the eMSS program. Coders determined which elements of non reflective and reflective discourse, including levels of discourse, were used by different types of participants in the various online discussion areas of the eMSS program. The results of this study showed a higher percentage of novice science teachers' messages were coded as containing overall higher levels of reflective discourse. This difference was partly attributed to the different roles experienced and novice science teachers have in this program. The different eMSS online discussion areas had varying percentages of messages identified as containing different levels of reflective discourse. Different discussion area curriculums, including types of discussion prompts and methods of facilitation, partly attributed to these differences. This study showed the importance of being intentional in the wording or modeling of what is expected from participants as they compose their messages. This study also showed that eliciting reflective thought processes from program participants depends on a variety of factors and can be contextual. No single factor stood out as essential to consistently encouraging reflective thought processes. Recommendations are made for designing program curriculums and facilitating the type of learning that results in the use of reflective thought by program participants.

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McKinnie, Douglas J. "Objective selection of critical material for subjective testing of low bit-rate audio coding systems." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29771.

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Perceptual low bit-rate audio coding schemes cannot be evaluated with the traditional method of measuring the difference between input signal and output signal. A valid measure is the severity of differences between input and output that are audible to human listeners, measurement of which requires well-conducted subjective testing. Test sensitivity is improved through the use of "critical" audio program. Selection of such audio material has in the past been done by subjective listening. An objective method of selecting critical material could offer many advantages, including faster and simpler selection of new materials, the ability to evaluate a much larger number of potential materials, and the potential of much better critical materials as a larger portion of available music is explored. The use of perceptual models for selection of critical materials has been investigated. Prediction of criticality was found to be inadequate with the models used.

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Thiem, Paul. "Stimulus characteristics and selection in visual search : a critical test of two theories of attention /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Whitworth, Emily R. "Determining the critical properties for the selection and optimisation of systems to evaluate filter integrity." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2017. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/813122/.

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This thesis examines two filter integrity tests: Forward Flow for hydrophilic membranes, FF, and Water Intrusion Testing for hydrophobic membranes, WIT. Liquid filters are high area and diffusive flow through fully water-wetted pores masks bulk flow from the smallest defects during FF, so an alternative fluid was sought. Solutions were modelled and properties influential to diffusive flow identified using multi-linear regression. These were used for alternative fluid selection. Maltitol was identified as the fluid that would theoretically demonstrate most improvement. Experimental confirmation revealed a flow reduction of 23% at 10% concentration, compared with water. WIT measures ‘flow’ through an un-wetted filter under pressure. If there is a defect present, this pressure will be sufficient to achieve breakthrough and the test will report a failure. Questions about WIT remained unanswered: what is the mechanism of ‘flow’, and why is pressure the driver? The latter remains unanswered but conclusively demonstrated, and the former was proven as evaporative flow of water vapour. Salt/water was used, and conductivity reduced from 17.23 µS upstream to ~0 µS downstream, proving that the flow is water vapour evaporation. Both tests have been improved by filter design. FF requires every pore be fully wetted. An incompatibility between polypropylene and polyethersulphone means sometimes this cannot occur. The surface energy of the polypropylene is the property that provides the problem so it was altered by the incorporation of POSS, bringing the contact angle from 99.7° to 85.8°. Altering air filter design to accommodate increased flow during WIT would be advantageous as customers relate higher flows to higher reliability. Space downstream was introduced by using a thicker support layer to increase flow successfully. Further improvement was demonstrated by modifying the core to a ‘star’ design, increasing flow by 3.3x for a commercially-available product and by 2.8x for an R&D prototype.

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Vázquez-Ortega, Angélica. "Coupled Transport, Fractionation and Stabilization of Dissolved Organic Matter and Rare Earth Elements in the Critical Zone." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/301696.

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It is important to understand the processes that influence the critical zone (CZ) evolution to ensure its sustainability. This thesis reports on laboratory and field experiments designed to measure the behavior of biogenic and lithogenic chemical species and their interaction in the CZ from column to pedon to catchment scales. We postulated that interactions between organic matter and rock-derived metals drive coupled processes of carbon stabilization and chemical weathering and denudation in the Jemez River Basin Critical Zone Observatory (JRB-CZO). First, we observed that secondary mineral coatings (Al and Fe (oxy)hydroxides) on primary silicate surfaces play a major role in sequestering aromatic and "humified" dissolved organic matter (DOM) into sorbate form, significantly retarding their subsurface transport. Further, reinfusion to OM-reacted-porous-media of a different DOM source resulted in exchange reactions consistent with a zonal model of OM adsorption at mineral surfaces. This dissertation also aimed to examine the influence of water and DOM fluxes on the CZ weathering processes. Rare earth elements (REE) were selected because of their coherent trends in reactivity toward organic ligands common to soils. Specifically, trends in REE fractionation were explored for their utility to inform on biogeochemical weathering processes in forested terrain in the JRB-CZO. Mineral weathering mechanisms are expected to differentially influence REE release, fractionation, and transport and the relative importance of such processes should be reflected in REE signatures of bulk soil, pore and surface waters. Our studies showed: (1) REE depletion trends with depth in bulk soils are correlated with topographically-induced variation in water and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) flux (reflected in negative correlations between total water and C fluxes) and solid phase REE concentrations measured at the same depths; (2) REE and DOC concentrations in stream waters were strongly correlated during snowmelt periods of high discharge, consistent with REE complexation and mobilization in association with organic ligands during shallow subsurface flow; (3) preferential sequestration of Eu occurs during formation of secondary Mn(IV)-oxides, explaining patterns of Eu enrichment in bulk soils; and (4) the incremental increase in positive Ce-anomalies with depth in bulk soils are apparently controlled by adsorption/co-precipitation with secondary Fe-(oxy)hydroxide minerals.

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Abdullah, Atikullah Bin Haji. "A critical study of the concept of Gharar and it's Elements in Islamic law of business contract." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497194.

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Moragues, Quiroga Cristina. "Water mixing processes in the critical zone : evidence from trace elements and Sr-Nd-Pb-U isotopes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAH002.

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Les fonctions hydrologiques de captage, stockage et rejet d’eau ont des signatures géochimiques dans les cours d'eau reflétant énormément celles trouvées dans les compartiments de la zone critique. Ces signatures sont fortement contrôlées par des processus bio-géophysico-chimiques produits dans l'interface régolite-plante. Jusqu'à présent, les recherches sur régolithes et processus hydrologiques sont restées largement découplées - conduisant à une utilisation généralisée de traceurs non conservateurs d'origines multiples, bloquant ainsi notre capacité à identifier les sources et les voies d'écoulement d’eau. Nous étudions ici le mélange d'eau dans la subsurface à travers un portefeuille unique de traceurs (éléments traces et isotopes O-H-Sr-Nd-Pb-U) permettant d'étudier les processus d'évolution du régolithe et le transport des solutés dans la zone critique. Nous signalons l'intérêt de cette approche pour renforcer la caractérisation des sources et voies d'écoulement d’eau
Catchment hydrological functions of water collection, storage and release have geochemical signatures in stream water largely mirroring those found in critical zone compartments. These signatures are strongly controlled by the different bio-geo-physico-chemical processes that occur within the regolith-plant interface. Until now, investigations into the critical zone’s regolith and hydrological processes research have largely remained uncoupled –leading to a widespread use of non-conservative tracers with multiple origins and thereby stymieing our capability for identifying water pools and flow paths. Here we study the mixing of water in the subsurface through a unique portfolio of complementary groups of tracers (trace elements O-Hand Sr-Nd-Pb-U isotopes) which enables investigating regolith evolution processes and solutes transport within the critical zone. We report the interest of this approach to strengthen water flowpaths and end-members characterization

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Ramukosi, Patrick Mbulaheni. "Modern tragedy : a critical analysis of the elements of tragedy with special reference to N.A. Milubi's plays." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2336.

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Woods, Nathan Michael. "Taking Off in Africa: Critical Elements of Aircraft Engine Manufacturer Engagement That Can Affect Airline Safety Performance." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1578644754400526.

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Anderson, Lindsey M. "Assessing job relatedness in an in-basket test using the critical incident technique." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2007/2007andersonl.pdf.

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Grubin, Catherine E. "A critical role for peptides in positive selection of MHC class II restricted CD4+ T cells /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8313.

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Jardine, Angela Beth. "Aqueous Phase Tracers of Chemical Weathering in a Semi-arid Mountain Critical Zone." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144594.

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Chemical weathering reactions are important for the physical, chemical, and biological development of the critical zone. We present findings from aqueous phase chemical analyses of surface and soil pore waters during a 15 month study in a small semi-arid mountain catchment of the Santa Catalina Mountain Critical Zone Observatory. Stream water geochemical solutes are sourced to two distinct locations - fractured bedrock baseflow stores and soil quickflow stores. Solid phase observations of albite, anorthite, and K-feldspar transformation to Ca-montmorillonite and kaolinite are supported by stream water saturation states calculated via a PHREEQC geochemical model. While differences in mineral assemblages, soil depths, and horizonation suggest greater weathering in schist versus granite lithologies and in hillslope divergent versus convergent zones, soil pore water solute ratio analysis does not readily distinguish these differences. However, preliminary investigation of aqueous rare earth elements suggests detectable lithologic and landscape positional differences warranting focus for future research efforts.

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Palmerini, Claudia. "On the smoothed finite element method in dynamics: the role of critical time step for linear triangular elements." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.

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Il metodo agli elementi finiti (FEM) è molto utilizzato per risolvere problemi strutturali in diversi ambiti dell’ingegneria. Negli anni, è stata sviluppata una famiglia di nuovi metodi ottenuta combinando il FEM standard con la tecnica “strain smoothing”, giungendo ai cosiddetti “smoothed finite element method” (SFEM). In questa tesi, l’attenzione è stata concentrata sul node-based SFEM (NS-FEM) e sull'edge-based SFEM (ES-FEM), che appartengono a questa nuova famiglia di metodi. Dopo una literature review, volta a metterne in luce le proprietà e gli aspetti fondamenti, i due metodi sono stati confrontati con il FEM standard. L'implementazione dei due metodi è stata eseguita con il software MATLAB. Lo studio è stato fatto in ambito dinamico, utilizzando due metodi di integrazione numerica nel tempo: il metodo delle differenze centrali e il metodo di Runge-Kutta. Come problema test è stato studiato il problema delle vibrazioni libere di un elemento strutturale in stato piano di tensione. Il confronto è stato portato avanti su due fronti: il costo computazionale dei metodi ed il calcolo del “critical time step”. I risultati hanno mostrato che il NS-FEM e l'ES-FEM hanno un costo maggiore rispetto al FEM standard, mentre, lato critical time step, sono paragonabil al FEM standard.

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Selliah, Amirtharajah Jeyaruban. "Critical speeds and unbalance response of cantilever-sleeve rotors using finite elements with efficient higher order basis functions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0006/MQ43661.pdf.

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Wilson, Krystal L. "Determining the Critical Elements of Evaluation for University Advancement Staff: Quantifiable and Nonquantifiable Variables Associated with Fundraising Success." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2565.

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As funds dwindle and costs rise university advancement staff have been given higher fundraising goals to meet the needs. In addition, university advancement staff have received pressure to review and lower the costs of fundraising to become more efficient (Drezner, 2011). To enable university advancement staff to attain goals, advocate for resources, or enhance processes, university advancement staff are challenged to measure their effectiveness. However, the process of measuring university fundraising success is unclear as there are many variables to consider and several ways to determine success. For this study the Delphi Technique (Hsu & Sanford, 2007) was used with 3 rounds of questionnaires. Seventeen experts of fundraising analytics were asked to identify both quantifiable and nonquantifiable variables that should be included in a comprehensive model to determine success in university fundraising. Findings include quantifiable measures such as return on investment, growth in giving reports, new and recaptured donors, and fundraiser performance and activity metrics. In addition, findings include nonquantifiable measures such as institutional and environmental forces were identified by the participants as critical components to comprise in a comprehensive model. Further findings include a variety of other metrics, both quantifiable and nonquantifiable, that were identified by the participants as critical components to comprise in a comprehensive evaluation model.

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O'Day, Sean P. "An assessment of critical factors affecting the selection of various acquisition alternatives used to resolve component nonavailability." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23544.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
The ability to maintain and sustain the Army during peacetime operations and wartime utilization requirements, depends greatly on the availability of repair and space parts. The readiness of aging systems in the Army's inventory is threatened by the component nonavailability problems. This thesis focuses on situations in which contracting officers and items managers are faced with critical factors affecting their decisions as to which acquisition alternative they chose. This study identifies and defines the component nonavailability issues, discusses why they occur, reviews current spare parts acquisition techniques, presents advantages and disadvantages associated with each acquisition alternative, and discusses and analyzes the critical factors that affect the decision making process. The researcher also proposes the use of the Rapid Acquisition of Manufactured Parts (RAMP) program to address the problems of high costs, growing leadtimes, and diminishing sources for spare parts.

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Hall, Katrina Willard. "A critical analysis of the books read aloud by kindergarten teachers and their reasons for book selection." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0005122.

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Karlsson, Henrik. "Monitoring Vehicle Suspension Elements Using Machine Learning Techniques." Thesis, KTH, Spårfordon, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-262916.

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Condition monitoring (CM) is widely used in industry, and there is a growing interest in applying CM on rail vehicle systems. Condition based maintenance has the possibility to increase system safety and availability while at the sametime reduce the total maintenance costs.This thesis investigates the feasibility of using condition monitoring of suspension element components, in this case dampers, in rail vehicles. There are different methods utilized to detect degradations, ranging from mathematicalmodelling of the system to pure "knowledge-based" methods, using only large amount of data to detect patterns on a larger scale. In this thesis the latter approach is explored, where acceleration signals are evaluated on severalplaces on the axleboxes, bogieframes and the carbody of a rail vehicle simulation model. These signals are picked close to the dampers that are monitored in this study, and frequency response functions (FRF) are computed between axleboxes and bogieframes as well as between bogieframes and carbody. The idea is that the FRF will change as the condition of the dampers change, and thus act as indicators of faults. The FRF are then fed to different classificationalgorithms, that are trained and tested to distinguish between the different damper faults.This thesis further investigates which classification algorithm shows promising results for the problem, and which algorithm performs best in terms of classification accuracy as well as two other measures. Another aspect explored is thepossibility to apply dimensionality reduction to the extracted indicators (features). This thesis is also looking into how the three performance measures used are affected by typical varying operational conditions for a rail vehicle,such as varying excitation and carbody mass. The Linear Support Vector Machine classifier using the whole feature space, and the Linear Discriminant Analysis classifier combined with Principal Component Analysis dimensionality reduction on the feature space both show promising results for the taskof correctly classifying upcoming damper degradations.
Tillståndsövervakning används brett inom industrin och det finns ett ökat intresse för att applicera tillståndsövervakning inom spårfordons olika system. Tillståndsbaserat underhåll kan potentiellt öka ett systems säkerhet och tillgänglighetsamtidigt som det kan minska de totala underhållskostnaderna.Detta examensarbete undersöker möjligheten att applicera tillståndsövervakning av komponenter i fjädringssystem, i detta fall dämpare, hos spårfordon. Det finns olika metoder för att upptäcka försämringar i komponenternas skick, från matematisk modellering av systemet till mer ”kunskaps-baserade” metodersom endast använder stora mängder data för att upptäcka mönster i en större skala. I detta arbete utforskas den sistnämnda metoden, där accelerationssignaler inhämtas från axelboxar, boggieramar samt vagnskorg från en simuleringsmodellav ett spårfordon. Dessa signaler är extraherade nära de dämpare som övervakas, och används för att beräkna frekvenssvarsfunktioner mellan axelboxar och boggieramar, samt mellan boggieramar och vagnskorg. Tanken är att frekvenssvarsfunktionerna förändras när dämparnas skick förändras ochpå så sätt fungera som indikatorer av dämparnas skick. Frekvenssvarsfunktionerna används sedan för att träna och testa olika klassificeringsalgoritmer för att kunna urskilja olika dämparfel.Detta arbete undersöker vidare vilka klassificeringsalgoritmer som visar lovande resultat för detta problem, och vilka av dessa som presterar bäst med avseende på noggrannheten i prediktionerna, samt två andra mått på algoritmernasprestanda. En annan aspekt som undersöks är möjligheten att applicera dimensionalitetsminskning på de extraherade indikatorerna. Detta arbete undersöker också hur de tre prestandamåtten som används påverkas av typiska förändringar i driftsförhållanden för ett spårfordon såsom varierande exciteringfrån spåret och vagnkorgsmassa. Resultaten visar lovande prestanda för klassificeringsalgoritmen ”Linear Support Vector Machine” som använder hela rymden med felindikatorer, samt algoritmen ”Linear Discriminant Analysis” i kombination med ”Principal Component Analysis” dimensionalitetsreducering.

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