Relevant bibliographies by topics / Selective enforcement

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Selective enforcement'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Selective enforcement"

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Chen, Donghua, Dequan Jiang, Shangkun Liang, and Fangping Wang. "Selective enforcement of regulation." China Journal of Accounting Research 4, no. 1-2 (June 2011): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjar.2011.04.002.

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Feria, Rita. "Tax Fraud and Selective Law Enforcement." Journal of Law and Society 47, no. 2 (April 21, 2020): 240–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jols.12221.

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Begoore, Yateesh. "Uniting for Enforcement: Resolving the World Court’s Enforcement Gap." Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 17, no. 2 (August 17, 2018): 335–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718034-12341383.

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Abstract This article, which identifies the United Nations Security Council’s selective enforcement of the International Court of Justice’s rulings as an enforcement deficit within the Court’s system, delves into the possibility – and legality – of utilising the Uniting for Peace Resolution as an alternative enforcement mechanism in the event of a veto precluding enforcement by the Security Council.
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Fagan, Jeffrey, Garth Davies, and Adam Carlis. "Race and Selective Enforcement in Public Housing." Journal of Empirical Legal Studies 9, no. 4 (November 6, 2012): 697–728. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-1461.2012.01272.x.

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Kleinig, John. "Selective Enforcement and the Rule of Law." Journal of Social Philosophy 29, no. 1 (March 1998): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9833.1998.tb00100.x.

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Liu, Jianhong, Ivan Y. Sun, Yuning Wu, and Yugang Chang. "Police supervisors' work-related attitudes in China." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 50, no. 3 (March 17, 2016): 419–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865816638907.

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While the past two decades have witnessed a fast growing of policing literature in China, officers' job-related attitudes remain severely under-researched. Using survey data collected from 212 police supervisors in a major Chinese city, this study examined the patterns of Chinese police officers' occupational attitudes toward selective enforcement, legal restrictions, community policing, and use of force, and factors that influence such attitudes. About half the respondents were in favor of legal restrictions, and the majority of officers supported the notions of selective enforcement, community policing, and use of force. Male, older officers, those who had no military experience, and officers who worked at field stations favored selective enforcement than their counterparts, whereas supervisor who were younger and worked at nonfield stations were more supportive for legal restrictions. Supervisors' role orientations toward law enforcement and order maintenance influenced their preference for community policing. Implications for future research and policy were discussed.
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Sun, Xin. "Selective Enforcement of Land Regulations: Why Large-Scale Violators Succeed." China Journal 74 (July 2015): 66–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/681938.

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Morales, Jesus, Jean Mahseredjian, Keyhan Sheshyekani, Abner Ramirez, Edgar Medina, and Ilhan Kocar. "Pole-Selective Residue Perturbation Technique for Passivity Enforcement of FDNEs." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 33, no. 6 (December 2018): 2746–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2018.2810706.

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Allison, Olivia. "Selective enforcement and irresponsibility: Central Asia's shrinking space for independent media." Central Asian Survey 25, no. 1-2 (March 2006): 93–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02634930600903072.

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Chetverikova, Iryna V., and Kirill D. Titaev. "Sociological perspective on the optimal law enforcement: Typical cases of overcriminalization of economic activity in Russia." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 3 (March 7, 2019): 142–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2019-3-142-158.

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Based on the analysis of verdict texts, we demonstrate that many criminal cases against individuals who were prosecuted for economic crimes in Russian courts in the past few years do not correspond with the level of optimal law enforcement. Economic crimes (a) did not cause substantial harm, (b) did not have harmful externalities, (c) were common, but the enforcement was selective. Economic activity was most often overcriminalized by the law enforcement when illegal behavior consisted of accounting or tax mistakes, breach of a contract, violations of special-purpose loan regulations, or licensing offences.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Selective enforcement"

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Sayah, Tarek. "Selective disclosure and inference leakage problem in the Linked Data." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1156/document.

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L'émergence du Web sémantique a mené à une adoption rapide du format RDF (Resource Description Framework) pour décrire les données et les liens entre elles. Ce modèle de graphe est adapté à la représentation des liens sémantiques entre les objets du Web qui sont identifiés par des IRI. Les applications qui publient et échangent des données RDF potentiellement sensibles augmentent dans de nombreux domaines : bio-informatique, e-gouvernement, mouvements open-data. La problématique du contrôle des accès aux contenus RDF et de l'exposition sélective de l'information en fonction des privilèges des requérants devient de plus en plus importante. Notre principal objectif est d'encourager les entreprises et les organisations à publier leurs données RDF dans l'espace global des données liées. En effet, les données publiées peuvent être sensibles, et par conséquent, les fournisseurs de données peuvent être réticents à publier leurs informations, à moins qu'ils ne soient certains que les droits d'accès à leurs données par les différents requérants sont appliqués correctement. D'où l'importance de la sécurisation des contenus RDF est de l'exposition sélective de l'information pour différentes classes d'utilisateurs. Dans cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à la conception d'un contrôle d'accès pertinents pour les données RDF. De nouvelles problématiques sont posées par l'introduction des mécanismes de déduction pour les données RDF (e.g., RDF/S, OWL), notamment le problème de fuite d'inférence. En effet, quand un propriétaire souhaite interdire l'accès à une information, il faut également qu'il soit sûr que les données diffusées ne pourront pas permettre de déduire des informations secrètes par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes d'inférence sur des données RDF. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons un modèle de contrôle d'accès à grains fins pour les données RDF. Nous illustrons l'expressivité du modèle de contrôle d'accès avec plusieurs stratégies de résolution de conflits, y compris la Most Specific Takes Precedence. Nous proposons un algorithme de vérification statique et nous montrons qu'il est possible de vérifier à l'avance si une politique présente un problème de fuite d'inférence. De plus, nous montrons comment utiliser la réponse de l'algorithme à des fins de diagnostics. Pour traiter les privilèges des sujets, nous définissons la syntaxe et la sémantique d'un langage inspiré de XACML, basé sur les attributs des sujets pour permettre la définition de politiques de contrôle d'accès beaucoup plus fines. Enfin, nous proposons une approche d'annotation de données pour appliquer notre modèle de contrôle d'accès, et nous montrons que notre implémentation entraîne un surcoût raisonnable durant l'exécution
The emergence of the Semantic Web has led to a rapid adoption of the RDF (Resource Description Framework) to describe the data and the links between them. The RDF graph model is tailored for the representation of semantic relations between Web objects that are identified by IRIs (Internationalized Resource Identifier). The applications that publish and exchange potentially sensitive RDF data are increasing in many areas: bioinformatics, e-government, open data movement. The problem of controlling access to RDF content and selective exposure to information based on privileges of the requester becomes increasingly important. Our main objective is to encourage businesses and organizations worldwide to publish their RDF data into the linked data global space. Indeed, the published data may be sensitive, and consequently, data providers may avoid to release their information, unless they are certain that the desired access rights of different accessing entities are enforced properly, to their data. Hence the issue of securing RDF content and ensuring the selective disclosure of information to different classes of users is becoming all the more important. In this thesis, we focused on the design of a relevant access control for RDF data. The problem of providing access controls to RDF data has attracted considerable attention of both the security and the database community in recent years. New issues are raised by the introduction of the deduction mechanisms for RDF data (e.g., RDF/S, OWL), including the inference leakage problem. Indeed, when an owner wishes to prohibit access to information, she/he must also ensure that the information supposed secret, can’t be inferred through inference mechanisms on RDF data. In this PhD thesis we propose a fine-grained access control model for RDF data. We illustrate the expressiveness of the access control model with several conict resolution strategies including most specific takes precedence. To tackle the inference leakage problem, we propose a static verification algorithm and show that it is possible to check in advance whether such a problem will arise. Moreover, we show how to use the answer of the algorithm for diagnosis purposes. To handle the subjects' privileges, we define the syntax and semantics of a XACML inspired language based on the subjects' attributes to allow much finer access control policies. Finally, we propose a data-annotation approach to enforce our access control model, and show that our solution incurs reasonable overhead with respect to the optimal solution which consists in materializing the user's accessible subgraph to enforce our access control model, and show that our solution incurs reasonable overhead with respect to the optimal solution which consists in materializing the user's accessible subgraph
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Inzunza, Miguel. "Suitability in law enforcement : Assessing multifaceted selection criteria." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Beteendevetenskapliga mätningar (BVM), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-111044.

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When selecting applicants for professions with job descriptions involving complex human interaction, identifying suitable candidates is essential. This strongly applies in police selection, because police officers must act appropriately at all times, deal with difficult and sometimes dangerous work situations, and come into contact with people who are in highly emotional states, such as anxiety, fear, excitement, and shock. However, suitability is a broad and vague concept that cannot be even defined without understanding the value of various personal skills and qualities for specific duties, ways that such skills are manifested during life as an officer (potentially both on- and off-duty), and appropriate ways to assess them. The overall aim of this thesis was to explore the personal skills and qualities that are relevant to suitability for the police profession with a special focus on the concept of empathy, and to investigate how it can be conceptualized and measured in the context of selection. Two of the four studies focused on different perspectives regarding the personal skills and qualities of a good police officer, while the other two focused on theoretical aspects and practical measurement of empathy. Mixed methods were used, in acknowledgement of the value of using different forms of data collection, material, and analytical methods to achieve valid information. The results and findings support several of the personal skills and qualities that have been identified in previous research and also can be found as criteria in police selection. Empathy should be considered in the selection process, but it is also important to ensure that there is an alignment between the definition of the concept and practical outcomes in police work. The findings indicate that empathy could be conceptualized in a relevant way using a social cognitive neuroscience (SCN) approach. In particular, a modified, Swedish 4-factor version of the Empathy Assessment Index (based on recent theoretical advances in SCN) appears to have considerable potential for further development. Future studies will focus on areas identified as requiring further research, such as the development of this instrument by adding complementary measures focusing on manifestations of empathy and other relevant qualities in actual work-related situations. Other aspects that require further attention include the definition, assessment, and impact of social desirability in selection contexts.
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Breedlove, Joseph Toth. "Environmental Protection Agency enforcement and facility pollution control device selection /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008288.

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Jones, Peter J. S. "An analysis of value conflicts underlying the objectives, selection and management of marine protected areas with particular reference to United Kingdom initiatives." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1954.

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Adibe, Crystal. "Derivation Of A Response Inconsistency Scale for the Matrix-Predictive Uniform Law Enforcement Selection Evaluation Inventory." Thesis, Alliant International University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3640872.

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The Matrix- Predictive Uniform Law Enforcement Selection Evaluation Inventory (M-PULSE) is an actuarial instrument used to predict job performance and liability risk of police officer candidates. Leark and colleagues created the INC Scale to detect inconsistent responding on the M-PULSE. This study examined the ability of the INC Scale to detect inconsistent responding to items on the M-PULSE. This study utilized archival data provided by MHS, Inc., publishers of the M-PULSE. A random sample of 3,392 from the M-PULSE's normative full sample was used as the control group and the experimental group consisted of 500 randomly assigned subjects. An independent t-test was conducted to determine if there were statistically significant INC Scale mean score differences between the control group and the experimental group. Post-hoc analyses were conducted to determine internal reliability and validity of items on the INC Scale. Mean scores for the INC Scale were statistically significantly higher than mean scores for the normative data set indicating that the INC Scale was able to correctly identify inconsistent responses (t= 86.967, df =3890, p < .01). This study indicates that the INC Scale is able to detect inconsistent responding to items on the M-PULSE, thereby improving the validity of the M-PULSE.

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Darbaz, Safter Burak. "Essays on political economy." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33116.

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This thesis consists of three stand-alone chapters studying theoretical models concerning a range of issues that take place within the context of political delegation: tax enforcement, political selection, electoral campaigning. First chapter studies the problem of a small electorate of workers who cannot influence tax rates but can influence their local politicians to interfere with tax enforcement. It develops a two-candidate Downsian voting model where voters are productivity-heterogenous workers who supply labour to a local firm that can engage in costly tax evasion while facing an exogenously given payroll tax collected at the firm level. Two purely office motivated local politicians compete in a winner-takes-all election by offering fine reductions to take place if the firm gets caught evading. Two results stand out. First, equilibrium tax evasion is (weakly) increasing in the productivity of the median voter as a result of the latter demanding a weaker enforcement regime through more aggressive fine reductions. Second, if politicians were able to propose and commit on tax rates as well, then the enforcement process would be interference-free and the tax level would coincide with the median voter's optimal level. These two results underline the fact that from voters' perspective, influencing enforcement policy is an imperfect substitute for influencing tax policy in achieving an optimal redistribution scheme due to tax evasion being costly. In other words, a lax enforcement pattern in a given polity can be indicative of a political demand arising as an attempt to attain a redistributive second-best when influencing tax policy is not a possibility. Second chapter turns attention to the role and incentives of media in the context of ex ante political selection, i.e. at the electoral participation level. It constructs a signalling model with pure adverse selection where a candidate whose quality is private information decides on whether to challenge an incumbent whose quality is common knowledge given an electorate composed of voters who are solely interested in electing the best politician. Electoral participation is costly and before the election, a benevolent media outlet which is assumed to be acting in the best interest of voters decides on whether to undertake a costly investigation that may or may not reveal challenger's quality and transmit this information to voters. The focus of the chapter is on studying the selection and incentive effects of changes in media's information technology. The setting creates a strategic interaction between challenger entry and media activity, which gives rise to two main results. First, an improvement in media's information technology, whether due to cost reductions or gains in investigative strength always (weakly) improves ex ante selection by increasing minimum challenger quality in equilibrium. Second, while lower information costs always (weakly) make the media more active, an higher media strength may reduce its journalistic activity, especially if it is already strong. The intuition behind this asymmetry is simple. While both types of improvements increase media's expected net benefits from journalism, a boost to its investigative strength also makes the media more threatening for inferior challengers at a given level of journalistic activity. Combining this with the first result implies that the media can afford being more passive without undermining selection if it is sufficiently strong to begin with. In short, a strong media might lead to a relatively passive media, even though the media is "working as intended". Third chapter is about electoral campaigns. More precisely, it is a theoretical investigation into one possible audience-related cause for diverging campaign structures of different candidates competing for the same office: state of political knowledge in an electorate. Electorate is assumed to consist of a continuum of voters heterogenous along two dimensions: policy preferences and political knowledge. The latter is assumed to partition the set of voters into ignorant and informed segments, with the former consisting of voters who are unable to condition their voting decisions on the policy dimension. Political competition takes place within a probabilistic voting setting with two candidates, but instead of costless policy proposals as in a standard probabilistic voting model, it revolves around campaigning. Electoral campaigning is modelled as a limited resource allocation problem between two activities: policy campaigning and valence campaigning. The former permits candidates to relocate from their initial policy positions (reputations or legacies), which are assumed to be at the opposing segments of the policy space (i.e. left and right). The latter allows them to generate universal support via a partisanship effect and can be interpreted as an investment into non-policy campaign content such as impressionistic advertising, recruitment of writers capable of producing emotionally appealing speeches, etc. The chapter has two central results. First, a candidate's resource allocation to valence campaigning increases with the fraction of ignorant voters, ideological (non-policy) heterogeneity of informed voters and proximity of candidate's initial position to the bliss point of the informed pseudo-swing voter. The last one results from decreasing relative marginal returns for politicians from converging to pseudo- swing voter's ideal position. Second, even if candidates are otherwise symmetric, a monotonic association between policy preferences and political knowledge can induce divergence into campaign structures. For instance, if ignorance and policy preferences are positively correlated (e.g. less educated preferring more public good) then the left candidate would conduct a campaign with a heavier valence focus and vice versa. Underlying this result is again the decreasing relative marginal returns argument: a candidate whose initial position is already close to that of the informed pseudo-swing voter would benefit more from a valence oriented campaign. An implication of this is that a party that is known having a relatively more ignorant voter base can end up conducting a much more policy focused campaign compared to a party that is largely associated with politically aware voters.
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Altuntop, Serkan. "The Determinants of the Recruitment Practices of Police Departments: A Nation Level Analysis of Adopting A Certain Recruitment Model." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1228144350.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Jan. 5, 2010). Advisor: David Kessler. Keywords: police; police selection; law enforcement recruitment; selection methods. Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-150).
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Haraguchi, Kelii H. 1980. "Three essays on Mexican migration to the United States." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8521.

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xiii, 97 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
This dissertation consists of three essays that empirically address aspects of three common questions posed in the Mexican immigration literature: What characteristics define migrants from Mexico? How does US border-enforcement policy affect migrant behavior? What role does foreign direct investment (FDI) into Mexico play in altering incentives for migration to the United States? The first essay (Chapter II) examines selection patterns of Mexican migrants based on migration frequency. Studies of Mexican migrant selection have largely ignored its temporary and repeated nature. In particular, the literature has not appropriately distinguished between migrants that travel to the United States only once and those who migrate multiple times. I model the selection process of repeat migrants in two stages: selection into initial migration and selection into repeat migration. Allowing for unobservable differences between non-migrants, single-episode migrants and repeat migrants, I find negative selection of repeat migrants relative to non-migrants and no significant differences between the unobservable attributes of repeat and single-episode migrants. The second essay (Chapter III) addresses how border enforcement influences migrant behavior. Increases in border enforcement during the 1990s were distributed non-uniformly along the border, targeting regions believed to experience episodes of high volumes of illegal border crossings. I examine how geographic and time-series variation in annual border enforcement influences US destination choices for undocumented Mexican migrants. While increased enforcement diverts migrants to alternative crossing locations, I show that their final destinations tend to be robust to border enforcement. Thus, in terms of policy, there may be benefits to coordination in enforcement efforts across sectors. The third essay (Chapter IV) addresses the claim that Mexico-bound FDI reduces immigration to the United States by increasing employment opportunities and raising Mexican wages. I use annual, state-level FDI from 1994 to 2004 to examine how FDI flows influence US-migration propensity. FDI flows reduce the probability of migration to the United States and increase the probability of an employment change in Mexico for non-migrants. Further, FDI is found to increase the likelihood of employment changes for household heads in Mexican states bordering the United States, but not the likelihood of employment in interior states.
Adviser: Glen R. Waddell
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Palermo, Alberto. "Essais en théorie de la négociation et gouvernance." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020019.

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Cette thèse a pour sujet les effets que l’information a sur les incitations. Les trois articles fournissent et explorent des résultats lorsque l’information est la principale variable d’intérêt, est endogène, pas homogène entre les acteurs et évolue dans le temps d’une manière qui n’est pas nécessairement rationnelle. Le premier article étudie les problèmes de hold-up dans les hiérarchies verticales avec la sélection adverse montrant qu’alors que le pouvoir de négociation des travailleurs augmente, les distorsions provenant de l’asymétrie d’information disparaissent. En outre, il étudie l’effet de la scolarité et du degré d’hétérogénéité de la population de travailleurs sur la répartition du pouvoir de négociation dans les marchés réglementés. Le deuxième article assouplit l’hypothèse des croyances homogènes dans les relations principal-agent avec sélection adverse. Dans un apprentissage évolutif qui est imitatif, les principaux peuvent avoir des croyances différentes sur la répartition des types d’agents dans la population. La convergence à une croyance uniforme dépend de la taille relative de la polarisation dans les croyances. En outre, le modèle est une version d’un cobweb stable. Notre approche offre des explications pour l’alternance des périodes avec quantité oscillante et relativement stable. Le troisième article étudie la fac¸on dont le contenu informatif des politiques juridiques, comme la responsabilité stricte et négligence, en cas de soucis morales, influence la conception optimale des régimes de responsabilité. Plusieurs cas récents ont montré qu’un individu ayant causé un dommage s’expose non seulement a une sanction légale — par exemple, une amende — mais aussi a un boycott social, la désapprobation ou la stigmatisation. L’article montre que le choix d’une stratégie dépend de façon complexe de l’importance du dommage et du “coût moral”
This thesis focuses on the effects that information has on incentives. The three papers provide and explore some results when the information is the main variable of interest, it is made endogenous, not homogeneous between actors and evolving over time in a way that is not necessarily rational. The first paper studies hold-up problems in vertical hierarchies with adverse selection showing that as the bargaining power of the worker increases, distortions coming from asymmetric information vanish. Moreover, it studies the effect of schooling and degree of heterogeneity in the workforce on the allocation of bargaining power in regulating markets. The second paper relaxes the common assumption of homogeneous beliefs in principal-agent relationships with adverse selection. In an evolutionary learning set-up, which is imitative, principals can have different beliefs about the distribution of agents’ types in the population. Convergence to a uniform belief depends on the relative size of the bias in beliefs. In addition, the set-up is a version of a stable cobweb model. Our approach offers explanations for alternating periods of oscillating and relatively steady quantity. The third paper studies how the informative content of legal policies as strict-liability and fault-based, in case of moral concerns, influences the optimal design of liability regimes. Many recent cases show that an individual found to have caused harm faces not only the possibility of a legal sanction — e.g., the damages he must pay — but also social boycott, disapproval or stigma. The paper shows that the choice of a policy depends in a complex way on the magnitude of the harm and the “moral cost”.Keywords: Bargaining, Adverse Selection, Hold-up, Evolutionary Game Theory, Heterogeneous Beliefs, Bifurcation Theory, Boycott, Law Enforcement, Strict Liability, Negligence
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Dusabeyezu, Etienne. "Closing Gacaca─analysing Rwanda’s challenges with regard to the end of Gacaca courts." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3500.

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Magister Legum - LLM
In Rwanda, Gacaca courts, community-based traditional courts, were alternative solution of dealing with the legacy of genocide after the failure of modern model of justice. In 2012, Gacaca courts were repealed by the Organic Law 04 of 2012. These courts left behind a large number of cases which include, inter alia, suspects ranged within first category, new cases of those who were or will be extradited from ICTR or other countries, thousands of perpetrators tried in absentia while abroad that have the right to file opposition as well as applications for review lodged against their judgements. Today, all of these cases fall under the jurisdiction of ordinary courts along with ordinary criminal and civil litigations. This causes practical challenges of inability of domestic courts to deal with the huge number of cases. Besides, the organic Law 04 of 2012 that terminates Gacaca courts provides mechanisms to deal with other issues related to the end of Gacaca courts. However, these mechanisms result in unequal treatment of genocide suspects and violate the victims’ rights. This may lead to qualify this law as discriminatory and unjust provision. Furthermore, this law remains silent vis-à-vis the issue of enforcement of sentences rendered against those tried in absentia while abroad and the issue of reparations. Despite the mechanisms set forth to deal with all those cases and other issues left behind by Gacaca courts, serious challenges remain. Confronting these challenges needs international cooperation to bring genocide perpetrators to trial, administrative schemes for reparations as well as legal harmonisation to adapt the domestic legislation to the post-Gacaca situation.
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Books on the topic "Selective enforcement"

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P, Kraichy Patricia, Carman Jane A, United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Adnministration, and State University of New York. Research Foundation. Institute for Traffic Safety Management and Research, eds. Selective traffic enforcement program for occupant restraints. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1987.

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Huls, Mary Ellen. Computers in police work: A selective bibliography. Monticello, Ill: Vance Bibliographies, 1985.

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Sharkey, Stephen M. Evaluation of 1983 selective speed enforcement projects in Virginia. Charlottesville, Va: Virginia Highway & Transportation Research Council, 1985.

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Sharkey, Stephen M. Evaluation of the 1984 selective speed enforcement projects in Virginia. Charlottesville, Va: Virginia Transportation Research Council, 1987.

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Lynn, Cheryl. An evaluation of thirteen local selective enforcement projects designed to reduce drunken driving in Virginia. Charlottesville, Va: Virginia Highway & Transportation Research Council, 1985.

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Matthews, Catherine J. Accountability in the administration of criminal justice: A selective annotated bibliography. Toronto: Centre of Criminology, University of Toronto, 1993.

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Eby, David W. A study of Michigan safety belt use surrounding the May mobilization, 2004. Ann Arbor, Mich: University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, 2004.

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Vivoda, Jonathon M. An evaluation of the "Buckle-up or Pay Up: Click It or Ticket" November safety belt mobilization. Ann Arbor, Mich: University of Michigan, Transportation Research Institute, 2004.

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Recruitment, selection, and retention of law enforcement officers. Flushing, NY: Looseleaf Law Publications, Inc., 2014.

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Stern, Ron. Law enforcement employment guide. Tarzana, Calif: Lawman Press, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Selective enforcement"

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Sayah, Tarek, Emmanuel Coquery, Romuald Thion, and Mohand-Saïd Hacid. "Access Control Enforcement for Selective Disclosure of Linked Data." In Security and Trust Management, 47–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46598-2_4.

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Vyrastekova, Jana, and Daan van Soest. "A Note on Peer Enforcement by Selective Exclusion: An Extended Abstract." In Developments on Experimental Economics, 187–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68660-6_18.

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Peter, Chris Maina. "James Nyawo: Selective Enforcement and International Criminal Law: The International Criminal Court and Africa." In Ethiopian Yearbook of International Law, 253–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24078-3_11.

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Stratton, Barbara Tracy. "Integrating Women into Law Enforcement." In Police Selection and Training, 307–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4434-3_22.

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Hargrave, George E. "Psychological Standards Research for California Law Enforcement Officers." In Police Selection and Training, 247–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4434-3_15.

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Wagner, Gerhard. "Tort Law and Human Rights." In Interdisciplinary Studies in Human Rights, 209–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73835-8_12.

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AbstractThe article explores the relationship between tort law and human rights. It explains the potential inherent in holding corporations liable in tort for human rights violations along the supply chain, such as the 2013 Rana Plaza collapse in Bangladesh. On a theoretical level, it devises a legal framework of tort liability that is optimal from the standpoint of social welfare. Such an optimal liability system would make manufacturers internalise the full cost of production, including harm caused to workers, third parties and the environment. In contrast, the present global liability situation is characterised by legal fragmentation and enforcement deficits. These factors provide the explanation for the large-scale externalisation of production risks we witness today, leading to an inflated global demand. In principle, tort law is well suited to offer a remedy, as the interests protected by human rights and national tort law broadly overlap. Furthermore, the duty of care which is the core requirement for shifting losses to others via tort law is a flexible concept that may even be stretched to accommodate cross-border human rights policies. The new French “devoir de vigilance,” or human rights due diligence, as well the UK Supreme Court’s recent jurisprudence, aim to tap this potential. On the other hand, the article raises doubt in relation to the adverse economic incentives and market shifts if such duties are imposed selectively, i.e. only in some jurisdictions, but not in others. After all, private international law often stands in the way of a global application of national tort law. Finally, alternative mechanisms of enforcement are assessed and examined with a view to their comparative effectiveness. This analysis casts doubt on the usefulness of tort law as a means to further the human rights cause.
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Lavranos, Nikos. "The ICS and MIC Projects: A Critical Review of the Issues of Arbitrator Selection, Control Mechanisms, and Recognition and Enforcement." In Handbook of International Investment Law and Policy, 1–23. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5744-2_81-1.

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Lavranos, Nikos. "The ICS and MIC Projects: A Critical Review of the Issues of Arbitrator Selection, Control Mechanisms, and Recognition and Enforcement." In Handbook of International Investment Law and Policy, 841–63. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3615-7_81.

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"Selective Enforcement." In Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 4715. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5690-2_100647.

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Daniel, Moeckli. "Selective Enforcement of Immigration Laws." In Human Rights and Non-discrimination in the 'War on Terror', 165–92. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199239801.003.0006.

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Conference papers on the topic "Selective enforcement"

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Senthilkumar, Radha, B. Gayathri, and A. Kannan. "Security enforcement on RFX storage - a selective encryption approach." In 2008 International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking (ICCCN). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccnet.2008.4787778.

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Tian, XiuXia, XiaoLing Wang, and AoYing Zhou. "A Privacy Preserving Selective Authorization Enforcement Approach in Daas." In 2011 IEEE World Congress on Services (SERVICES). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/services.2011.59.

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Smith, W. E., P. C. White, and Richard J. Lacey. "Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering: a sensitive and selective technique for contraband detection." In Enabling Technologies for Law Enforcement and Security, edited by Pierre Pilon and Steve Burmeister. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.266760.

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Yun-hui, Zhang, and Zhang Yu-bin. "Actions of the two sides in the dynamic selective law enforcement game." In 2010 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering (ICMSE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmse.2010.5720037.

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Zhang, Yubin, and Yunhui Zhang. "The Result of Selective Law Enforcement: Based on the Dynamic Game Analysis." In 2010 International Conference on Computing, Control and Industrial Engineering. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccie.2010.178.

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Jennissen, Charles A., Jessica Waters, Pam Hoogerwerf, Gerene Denning, and Karisa Harland. "A Safer Place to Ride: Regulations and Dnr Enforcement in Ohv Parks Increases Safety Behaviors." In Selection of Abstracts From NCE 2016. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.141.1_meetingabstract.59.

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Landon, Steven D., Spencer P. Magleby, and Larry L. Howell. "Preliminary Concepts for Deployable Wings on Small UAVs Using Compliance." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-82088.

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Advances in technology for Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) have given rise to increasingly smaller UAVs and a growing need for adaptable UAV wing structures. Deployable, or collapsible, wings offer space savings and broaden the number of possible applications for UAVs. Aerial surveillance applications, such as military reconnaissance, law enforcement, forestry, map making, pipeline surveillance, and border patrol typically demand a UAV that can be carried and deployed by a single user in an isolated field. This paper provides a framework of deployable wing concepts using compliant mechanisms. Compliant mechanisms offer reduced part count, decreased need for lubrication, efficient manufacturability, and space savings compared to traditional joint systems. The design space for compliant deployable wings is explored, concepts are categorized into classes based on motion type, and opportunities are identified for creating new concepts. A method is presented for selecting and evaluating concepts for specific applications. A product development project illustrates selection of a deployable wing design for a particular application, and the paper concludes with suggestions for further work.
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Николаев, Александр Геннадьевич, and Александр Олегович Джиоев. "ORGANIZATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE POLICE UNITS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH OSSETIA TO ENSURE PUBLIC SAFETY." In Научные исследования в современном мире. Теория и практика: сборник избранных статей Всероссийской (национальной) научно-практической конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Июнь 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/nitp317.2021.36.94.009.

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В статье рассмотрены вопросы организации деятельности милиции Республики Южная Осетия в сфере обеспечения общественной безопасности. Раскрываются отдельные аспекты ее деятельности, связанные с административно-правовым регулированием, формированием организационных структур, выполняемыми правоохранительными функциями, подбором и расстановкой персонала, а также их мотивации к добросовестному несению службы. The article deals with the issues of organizing the activities of the militia of the Republic of South Ossetia in the field of ensuring public safety. The article reveals certain aspects of its activities related to administrative and legal regulation, the formation of organizational structures, performed by law enforcement functions, the selection and placement of personnel, as well as their motivation for conscientious service.
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Iqbal, Liaquat U., Gautam S. Naik, Daniel Pothala, Phani Kiran Surapaneni, Fu Zhao, and John P. Sullivan. "Environmentally Conscious Wing Design for the Medium Altitude Long Endurance Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." In ASME 2009 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2009-84292.

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The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has become widespread and is ever increasing. There are plans for utilizing the UAVs for the military as well as the humanitarian and law enforcement missions such as flood and hurricane relief, firefighting, drug trafficking control, and so on. The number of UAVs is likely to continue to grow exponentially in the near future and there is a great need for the environmentally conscious design and manufacturing efforts in the UAV market. The authors are developing an integrated approach to bring the high fidelity Computer Aided Design and Engineering (CAD/E) tools to the preliminary design phase for designing new aircraft. In this paper, this approach is extended to include the environmentally conscious material selection when designing a UAV wing for the medium altitude long endurance mission. Finite Element Analysis is used to determine the material needed for the wing and the computed weights are supplied to the spreadsheet for calculating environmental impacts of different materials selected for the wing design. This spreadsheet has been developed based on the data in the Lifecycle Assessment software package SimaPro/Ecoinvent. The study demonstrates how to integrate environmental considerations into the preliminary UAV design using high fidelity models.
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Monastero, Michael J., Stephen Weiss, Francois Pretorius, and Sheldon Burke. "SEPTA PTC Communications Systems." In 2012 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2012-74041.

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The Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA), the 6th largest transit system in the U.S. by passenger miles travelled, is among the nation’s commuter rail agencies in the process of implementing Positive Train Control (PTC) that must be completed by the Federal mandate deadline of December, 2015. SEPTA will be implementing ACSES (Advanced Civil Speed Enforcement System), originally introduced on Amtrak on portions of the Northeast Corridor (NEC), as an overlay system applied upon a base of Automatic Train Control (ATC) cab signaling. Every SEPTA train travels on Amtrak territory as a “tenant” at some time during its daily run, and consequently ACSES is required for interoperable PTC operation on Amtrak. The application of ACSES on SEPTA territory will be complemented by a simultaneous upgrading of existing and new ATC on SEPTA. Among the many decisions faced by the SEPTA PTC design team, the PTC communications systems design has proven to be challenging. The communications systems include digital radios, communications managers, ground based networks, office systems, network management and network security. Some elements have been designed from the ground up, with few commercial “off the shelf” components available to meet the design requirements. Moreover, SEPTA had limited 220 MHz spectrum available for a PTC radio network in a relatively compact geographic area of dense commuter rail traffic. The radio network and communications managers, in particular, are breaking new ground for U.S. commuter rail operations with adoption of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) digital packet radios operating in the 220 MHz spectrum, under the control of communications managers. This paper will present an overview of SEPTA’s PTC communications systems, and focus upon the design process, subsequent field testing, and the rationale behind key decisions reached by the design team, that led to the selection of the technologies and network topologies that will be utilized in meeting the implementation of PTC at SEPTA.
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