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Journal articles on the topic 'Selective oligomerization'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Sydora, Orson L. "Selective Ethylene Oligomerization." Organometallics 38, no. 5 (February 18, 2019): 997–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00799.

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2

Schumacher, Christoph, Hubert Wang, Christian Honer, Wei Ding, James Koehn, Quentin Lawrence, Christopher M. Coulis, et al. "The SCAN Domain Mediates Selective Oligomerization." Journal of Biological Chemistry 275, no. 22 (March 21, 2000): 17173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m000119200.

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3

Barrault, J., J. M. Clacens, and Y. Pouilloux. "Selective Oligomerization of Glycerol Over Mesoporous Catalysts." Topics in Catalysis 27, no. 1-4 (February 2004): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:toca.0000013548.16699.1c.

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4

Mukherjee, Soumen, Binita A. Patel, and Sumit Bhaduri. "Selective Ethylene Oligomerization with Nickel Oxime Complexes§." Organometallics 28, no. 10 (May 25, 2009): 3074–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om900080h.

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5

Thalody, Betty, and Gregory G. Warr. "The Selective Binding of Anions to Gemini and Trimeric Surfactants at Air/Solution Interfaces." Australian Journal of Chemistry 57, no. 3 (2004): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch03300.

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The selective binding of Br–, Cl–, I–, NO3–, and salicylate anions to quaternary ammonium gemini and trimer surfactant solution/air interfaces has been studied by ion flotation, examining the effect of the degree of oligomerization and polymethylene spacer length between the quaternary nitrogen atoms. The binding of the halides and nitrate showed no significant change with degree of oligomerization. However, salicylate showed a marked decrease in selective uptake with increasing degree of oligomerization, and increased with increasing spacer length.
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6

Yu, Lanlan, Wenbo Zhang, Wendi Luo, Robert L. Dupont, Yang Xu, Yibing Wang, Bin Tu, et al. "Molecular recognition of human islet amyloid polypeptide assembly by selective oligomerization of thioflavin T." Science Advances 6, no. 32 (August 2020): eabc1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc1449.

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Selective oligomerization is a common phenomenon existing widely in the formation of intricate biological structures in nature. The precise design of drug molecules with an oligomerization state that specifically recognizes its receptor, however, remains substantially challenging. Here, we used scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to identify the oligomerization states of an amyloid probe thioflavin T (ThT) on hIAPP8–37 assembly to be exclusively even numbers. We demonstrate that both adhesive interactions between ThT and the protein substrate and cohesive interactions among ThT molecules govern the oligomerization state of the bounded ThT. Specifically, the work of the cohesive interaction between two head/tail ThTs is determined to be 6.4 kBT, around 50% larger than that of the cohesive interaction between two side-by-side ThTs (4.2 kBT). Overall, our STM imaging and theoretical understanding at the single-molecule level provide valuable insights into the design of drug compounds using the selective oligomerization of molecular probes to recognize protein self-assembly.
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7

PAIK, Seung R., Hyun-Ju SHIN, Ju-Hyun LEE, Chung-Soon CHANG, and Jongsun KIM. "Copper(II)-induced self-oligomerization of α-synuclein." Biochemical Journal 340, no. 3 (June 8, 1999): 821–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3400821.

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α-Synuclein is a component of the abnormal protein depositions in senile plaques and Lewy bodies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease respectively. The protein was suggested to provide a possible nucleation centre for plaque formation in AD via selective interaction with amyloid β/A4 protein (Aβ). We have shown previously that α-synuclein has experienced self-oligomerization when Aβ25-35 was present in an orientation-specific manner in the sequence. Here we examine this biochemically specific self-oligomerization with the use of various metals. Strikingly, copper(II) was the most effective metal ion affecting α-synuclein to form self-oligomers in the presence of coupling reagents such as dicyclohexylcarbodi-imide or N-(ethoxycarbonyl)-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline. The size distribution of the oligomers indicated that monomeric α-synuclein was oligomerized sequentially. The copper-induced oligomerization was shown to be suppressed as the acidic C-terminus of α-synuclein was truncated by treatment with endoproteinase Asp-N. In contrast, the Aβ25-35-induced oligomerizations of the intact and truncated forms of α-synuclein were not affected. This clearly indicated that the copper-induced oligomerization was dependent on the acidic C-terminal region and that its underlying biochemical mechanism was distinct from that of the Aβ25-35-induced oligomerization. Although the physiological or pathological relevance of the oligomerization remains currently elusive, the common outcome of α-synuclein on treatment with copper or Aβ25-35 might be useful in understanding neurodegenerative disorders in molecular terms. In addition, abnormal copper homoeostasis could be considered as one of the risk factors for the development of disorders such as AD or Parkinson's disease.
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8

Bekmukhamedov, Giyjaz E., Aleksandr V. Sukhov, Aidar M. Kuchkaev, and Dmitry G. Yakhvarov. "Ni-Based Complexes in Selective Ethylene Oligomerization Processes." Catalysts 10, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10050498.

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Linear alpha-olefins are widely used in the petrochemical industry and the world demand for these compounds increases annually. At present, the main method for producing linear alpha-olefins is the homogeneous catalytic ethylene oligomerization. This review presents modern nickel catalysts for this process, mainly systems for obtaining of one of the most demanded oligomer—1-butene—which is used for the production of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and high density polyethylene (HDPE). The dependence of the catalytic performance on the composition and the structure of the used activated complexes, the electronic and coordination states of the nickel center was considered.
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9

Schroeder, F. C., S. R. Smedley, L. K. Gibbons, J. J. Farmer, A. B. Attygalle, T. Eisner, and J. Meinwald. "Polyazamacrolides from ladybird beetles: Ring-size selective oligomerization." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95, no. 23 (November 10, 1998): 13387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.23.13387.

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10

Park, Dong Ho, Seong-Su Kim, Thomas J. Pinnavaia, Francisco Tzompantzi, Julia Prince, and Jaime S. Valente. "Selective Isobutene Oligomerization by Mesoporous MSU-SBEA Catalysts." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 115, no. 13 (March 11, 2011): 5809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp111642b.

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11

Wang, Jun, Jinyi Liu, Tianyu Lan, Liduo Chen, and Libo Wang. "Selective ethylene oligomerization bearing hyperbranched bispyridylamine chromium catalyst." Journal of Coordination Chemistry 72, no. 5-7 (March 8, 2019): 814–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00958972.2019.1587164.

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12

Yoon, K. B., J. L. Lim, and J. K. Kochi. "Zeolite catalysis in the selective oligomerization of styrene." Journal of Molecular Catalysis 52, no. 3 (July 1989): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-5102(89)85046-1.

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13

Brown, Stephen J., Anthony F. Masters, and Milan Vender. "The selective oligomerization of butenes by nickel-based catalysts." Polyhedron 7, no. 19-20 (January 1988): 2009–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-5387(00)80716-0.

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14

Kim, Yun Ah, Seong Jin Oh, Seowon Cho, and Kyung-sun Son. "Ligand Modification for Selectivity Control in Selective Ethylene Oligomerization." Macromolecular Research 26, no. 4 (February 2, 2018): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13233-018-6044-9.

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15

Vadake Kulangara, Shaneesh, Daniel Haveman, Bala Vidjayacoumar, Ilia Korobkov, Sandro Gambarotta, and Rob Duchateau. "Effect of Cocatalysts and Solvent on Selective Ethylene Oligomerization." Organometallics 34, no. 7 (March 18, 2015): 1203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om501013m.

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16

Khlebnikov, Vsevolod, Angelo Meduri, Helge Mueller-Bunz, Tiziano Montini, Paolo Fornasiero, Ennio Zangrando, Barbara Milani, and Martin Albrecht. "Palladium Carbene Complexes for Selective Alkene Di- and Oligomerization." Organometallics 31, no. 3 (January 13, 2012): 976–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om201027y.

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17

Stennett, Tom E., Mairi F. Haddow, and Duncan F. Wass. "Avoiding MAO: Alternative Activation Methods in Selective Ethylene Oligomerization." Organometallics 31, no. 19 (September 20, 2012): 6960–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om300739m.

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18

Peulecke, N., B. H. Müller, A. Spannenberg, M. Höhne, U. Rosenthal, A. Wöhl, W. Müller, A. Alqahtani, and M. Al Hazmi. "Ligands with an NPNPN-framework and their application in chromium catalysed ethene tri-/tetramerization." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 21 (2016): 8869–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt01109h.

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19

Wang, Mingzhi, Wei Wu, Xu Wang, Xing Huang, Yongning Nai, Xueying Wei, and Guoliang Mao. "Research progress of iron-based catalysts for selective oligomerization of ethylene." RSC Advances 10, no. 71 (2020): 43640–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra07558b.

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In this paper, the research progress of catalysts for selective oligomerization of ethylene was reviewed in terms of the cocatalysts, ligand structure, oxidation state of the iron metal atom center and immobilization of homogeneous catalysts.
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20

Tao, Xiaochun, Taoping Liu, Hui Tao, Ruzhang Liu, and Yanlong Qian. "Selective oligomerization of nitriles having α-hydrogen catalyzed by alkali." Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 201, no. 1-2 (July 2003): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1381-1169(03)00154-7.

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21

Sarkar, Amitava, Deepyaman Seth, Flora T. T. Ng, and Garry L. Rempel. "Selective Oligomerization of Isobutene on Lewis Acid Catalyst: Kinetic Modeling." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 53, no. 49 (September 2, 2014): 18982–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie501173z.

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22

Mlinar, Anton N., Benjamin K. Keitz, David Gygi, Eric D. Bloch, Jeffrey R. Long, and Alexis T. Bell. "Selective Propene Oligomerization with Nickel(II)-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks." ACS Catalysis 4, no. 3 (January 30, 2014): 717–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cs401189a.

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23

Nguyen, Remi, Nicolas Galy, Fatmah Alasmary, and Christophe Len. "Microwave-Assisted Continuous Flow for the Selective Oligomerization of Glycerol." Catalysts 11, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11020166.

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The continuous oligomerization of glycerol for the formation of polyglycerol was carried out for the first time under microwave activation. In the presence of potassium carbonate, we studied the ease of handling, effects of temperature, flow rate and residence time of an inexpensive homogeneous commercial catalyst. The main linear and branched-chain diglycerol and triglycerol regioisomers were characterized and the quantification of the different isomers was realized. Successive cyclic mode processes followed by short distance distillation allowed the mixture to be enriched with glycerol ethers and thus to obtain a mixture of diglycerol (50.2 wt%), triglycerol (22.1 wt%), tetraglycerol (9.5 wt%), and pentaglycerol (4.3 wt%).
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24

Härzschel, Stefan, Fritz E. Kühn, Anina Wöhl, Wolfgang Müller, Mohammed H. Al-Hazmi, Abdullah M. Alqahtani, Bernd H. Müller, Normen Peulecke, and Uwe Rosenthal. "Comparative study of new chromium-based catalysts for the selective tri- and tetramerization of ethylene." Catalysis Science & Technology 5, no. 3 (2015): 1678–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cy01441c.

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25

Chen, Wenjun, Tianyun Shen, Lijun Wang, and Kefeng Lu. "Oligomerization of Selective Autophagy Receptors for the Targeting and Degradation of Protein Aggregates." Cells 10, no. 8 (August 5, 2021): 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10081989.

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The selective targeting and disposal of solid protein aggregates are essential for cells to maintain protein homoeostasis. Autophagy receptors including p62, NBR1, Cue5/TOLLIP (CUET), and Tax1-binding protein 1 (TAX1BP1) proteins function in selective autophagy by targeting ubiquitinated aggregates through ubiquitin-binding domains. Here, we summarize previous beliefs and recent findings on selective receptors in aggregate autophagy. Since there are many reviews on selective autophagy receptors, we focus on their oligomerization, which enables receptors to function as pathway determinants and promotes phase separation.
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26

Whiting, Gareth T., Florian Meirer, Diego Valencia, Machteld M. Mertens, Anton-Jan Bons, Brian M. Weiss, Paul A. Stevens, Emiel de Smit, and Bert M. Weckhuysen. "Selective staining of Brønsted acidity in zeolite ZSM-5-based catalyst extrudates using thiophene as a probe." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 39 (2014): 21531–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp03649b.

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27

Liu, Rui, Shumeng Xiao, Xianghong Zhong, Yucai Cao, Shengbiao Liang, Zhenyu Liu, Xiaofeng Ye, An Shen, and Hongping Zhu. "Advances in Selective Ethylene Oligomerization Based on [PNP]-Ligand Chromium Catalysts." Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry 35, no. 9 (2015): 1861. http://dx.doi.org/10.6023/cjoc201504009.

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28

Morii, Takashi, Junji Yamane, Yasunori Aizawa, Keisuke Makino, and Yukio Sugiura. "Cooperative Oligomerization Enhances Sequence-Selective DNA Binding by a Short Peptide." Journal of the American Chemical Society 118, no. 42 (January 1996): 10011–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja953741m.

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29

Urata, Hidehito, Chie Aono, Norihiko Ohmoto, Yuko Shimamoto, Yoshiko Kobayashi, and Masao Akagi. "Efficient and Homochiral Selective Oligomerization of Racemic Ribonucleotides on Mineral Surface." Chemistry Letters 30, no. 4 (April 2001): 324–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2001.324.

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30

Salim, Kamran, Tim Fenton, Jamil Bacha, Hector Urien-Rodriguez, Tim Bonnert, Heather A. Skynner, Emma Watts, et al. "Oligomerization of G-protein-coupled Receptors Shown by Selective Co-immunoprecipitation." Journal of Biological Chemistry 277, no. 18 (February 19, 2002): 15482–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m201539200.

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31

Agapie, Theodor. "Selective ethylene oligomerization: Recent advances in chromium catalysis and mechanistic investigations." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 255, no. 7-8 (April 2011): 861–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2010.11.035.

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32

Bartel, Yvonne, Manuel Grez, and Christian Wichmann. "Interference with RUNX1/ETO Leukemogenic Function by Cell-Penetrating Peptides Targeting the NHR2 Oligomerization Domain." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/297692.

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The leukemia-associated fusion protein RUNX1/ETO is generated by the chromosomal translocation t(8;21) which appears in about 12% of allde novoacute myeloid leukemias (AMLs). Essential for the oncogenic potential of RUNX1/ETO is the oligomerization of the chimeric fusion protein through the nervy homology region 2 (NHR2) within ETO. In previous studies, we have shown that the intracellular expression of peptides containing the NHR2 domain inhibits RUNX1/ETO oligomerization, thereby preventing cell proliferation and inducing differentiation of RUNX1/ETO transformed cells. Here, we show that introduction of a recombinant TAT-NHR2 fusion polypeptide into the RUNX1/ETO growth-dependent myeloid cell line Kasumi-1 results in decreased cell proliferation and increased numbers of apoptotic cells. This effect was highly specific and mediated by binding the TAT-NHR2 peptide to ETO sequences, as TAT-polypeptides containing the oligomerization domain of BCR did not affect cell proliferation or apoptosis in Kasumi-1 cells. Thus, the selective interference with NHR2-mediated oligomerization by peptides represents a challenging but promising strategy for the inhibition of the leukemogenic potential of RUNX1/ETO in t(8;21)-positive leukemia.
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33

de Oliveira, Lucilene L., Roberta R. Campedelli, Maria C. A. Kuhn, Jean-François Carpentier, and Osvaldo L. Casagrande. "Highly selective nickel catalysts for ethylene oligomerization based on tridentate pyrazolyl ligands." Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 288, no. 1-2 (June 2008): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2008.03.020.

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34

Holzhey, Nancy, and Stephan Pitter. "Selective co-oligomerization of 1,3-butadiene and carbon dioxide with immobilzed catalysts." Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 146, no. 1-2 (October 1999): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1381-1169(99)00077-1.

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35

Zilbershtein, T. M., A. A. Nosikov, A. I. Kochnev, M. V. Lipskikh, and A. K. Golovko. "Enhancement of catalytic activity for selective oligomerization of ethylene by microwave treatment." Petroleum Chemistry 52, no. 4 (July 2012): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0965544112040123.

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36

Chen, Catherine S. Hsia, and Robert F. Bridger. "Shape-Selective Oligomerization of Alkenes to Near-Linear Hydrocarbons by Zeolite Catalysis." Journal of Catalysis 161, no. 2 (July 1996): 687–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcat.1996.0230.

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37

Belov, G. P. "Selective dimerization, oligomerization, homopolymerization and copolymerization of olefins with complex organometallic catalysts." Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 81, no. 9 (September 2008): 1655–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s107042720809036x.

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38

Aid, Asma, Radu Dorin Andrei, Samira Amokrane, Claudia Cammarano, Djamel Nibou, and Vasile Hulea. "Ni-exchanged cationic clays as novel heterogeneous catalysts for selective ethylene oligomerization." Applied Clay Science 146 (September 2017): 432–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2017.06.034.

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39

Baek, Jun Won, Young Bin Hyun, Hyun Ju Lee, Jong Chul Lee, Sung Moon Bae, Yeong Hyun Seo, Dong Geun Lee, and Bun Yeoul Lee. "Selective Trimerization of α-Olefins with Immobilized Chromium Catalyst for Lubricant Base Oils." Catalysts 10, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10090990.

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The demand for poly(α-olefin)s (PAOs), which are high-performance group IV lubricant base oils, is increasingly high. PAOs are generally produced via the cationic oligomerization of 1-decene, wherein skeleton rearrangement inevitably occurs in the products. Hence, a transition-metal-based catalytic process that avoids rearrangement would be a valuable alternative for cationic oligomerization. In particular, transition-metal-catalyzed selective trimerization of α-olefins has the potential for success. In this study, (N,N′,N″-tridodecyltriazacyclohexane)CrCl3 complex was reacted with MAO-silica (MAO, methylaluminoxane) for the preparation of a supported catalyst, which exhibited superior performance in selective α-olefin trimerization compared to that of the corresponding homogeneous catalyst, enabling the preparation of α-olefin trimers at ~200 g scale. Following hydrogenation, the prepared 1-decene trimer (C30H62) exhibited better lubricant properties than those of commercial-grade PAO-4 (kinematic viscosity at 40 °C, 15.1 vs. 17.4 cSt; kinematic viscosity at 100 °C, 3.9 vs. 3.9 cSt; viscosity index, 161 vs. 123). Moreover, it was shown that 1-octene/1-dodecene mixed co-trimers (i.e., a mixture of C24H50, C28H58, C32H66, and C36H74), generated by the selective supported Cr catalyst, exhibited outstanding lubricant properties analogous to those observed for the 1-decene trimer (C30H62).
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Liu, Rui, Xianghong Zhong, Zhenyu Liu, Shengbiao Liang, and Hongping Zhu. "Selective Ethylene Oligomerization Catalyzed by the Chromium Complex Bearing N-Tetrahydrofurfuryl PNP Ligand." Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry 37, no. 9 (2017): 2315. http://dx.doi.org/10.6023/cjoc201703010.

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41

Dulai, Arminderjit, Claire L. McMullin, Kenny Tenza, and Duncan F. Wass. "N,N′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)diaminophenylphosphine Ligands for Chromium-Catalyzed Selective Ethylene Oligomerization Reactions." Organometallics 30, no. 5 (March 14, 2011): 935–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om100912y.

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42

Monillas, Wesley H., John F. Young, Glenn P. A. Yap, and Klaus H. Theopold. "A well-defined model system for the chromium-catalyzed selective oligomerization of ethylene." Dalton Trans. 42, no. 25 (March 6, 2013): 9198–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3dt00109a.

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43

Raucoules, Roman, Theodorus de Bruin, Pascal Raybaud, and Carlo Adamo. "Theoretical Unraveling of Selective 1-Butene Oligomerization Catalyzed by Iron−Bis(arylimino)pyridine." Organometallics 28, no. 18 (September 28, 2009): 5358–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om9005559.

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44

Nifant’ev, Ilya, and Pavel Ivchenko. "Fair Look at Coordination Oligomerization of Higher α-Olefins." Polymers 12, no. 5 (May 9, 2020): 1082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12051082.

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Coordination catalysis is a highly efficient alternative to more traditional acid catalysis in the oligomerization of α-olefins. The distinct advantage of transition metal-based catalysts is the structural homogeneity of the oligomers. Given the great diversity of the catalysts and option of varying the reaction conditions, a wide spectrum of processes can be implemented. In recent years, both methylenealkanes (vinylidene dimers of α-olefins) and structurally uniform oligomers with the desired degrees of polymerization have become available for later use in the synthesis of amphiphilic organic compounds and polymers, high-quality oils or lubricants, and other prospective materials. In the present review, we discussed the selective dimerization and oligomerization of α-olefins, catalyzed by metallocene and post-metallocene complexes, and explored the prospects for the further applications of the coordination α-olefin dimers and oligomers.
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45

Frenkel-Pinter, Moran, Jay W. Haynes, Martin C, Anton S. Petrov, Bradley T. Burcar, Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy, Nicholas V. Hud, Luke J. Leman, and Loren Dean Williams. "Selective incorporation of proteinaceous over nonproteinaceous cationic amino acids in model prebiotic oligomerization reactions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 33 (July 29, 2019): 16338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904849116.

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Numerous long-standing questions in origins-of-life research center on the history of biopolymers. For example, how and why did nature select the polypeptide backbone and proteinaceous side chains? Depsipeptides, containing both ester and amide linkages, have been proposed as ancestors of polypeptides. In this paper, we investigate cationic depsipeptides that form under mild dry-down reactions. We compare the oligomerization of various cationic amino acids, including the cationic proteinaceous amino acids (lysine, Lys; arginine, Arg; and histidine, His), along with nonproteinaceous analogs of Lys harboring fewer methylene groups in their side chains. These analogs, which have been discussed as potential prebiotic alternatives to Lys, are ornithine, 2,4-diaminobutyric acid, and 2,3-diaminopropionic acid (Orn, Dab, and Dpr). We observe that the proteinaceous amino acids condense more extensively than these nonproteinaceous amino acids. Orn and Dab readily cyclize into lactams, while Dab and Dpr condense less efficiently. Furthermore, the proteinaceous amino acids exhibit more selective oligomerization through their α-amines relative to their side-chain groups. This selectivity results in predominantly linear depsipeptides in which the amino acids are α-amine−linked, analogous to today’s proteins. These results suggest a chemical basis for the selection of Lys, Arg, and His over other cationic amino acids for incorporation into proto-proteins on the early Earth. Given that electrostatics are key elements of protein−RNA and protein−DNA interactions in extant life, we hypothesize that cationic side chains incorporated into proto-peptides, as reported in this study, served in a variety of functions with ancestral nucleic acid polymers in the early stages of life.
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46

Chabbra, S., D. M. Smith, N. L. Bell, A. J. B. Watson, M. Bühl, D. J. Cole-Hamilton, and B. E. Bode. "First experimental evidence for a bis-ethene chromium(I) complex forming from an activated ethene oligomerization catalyst." Science Advances 6, no. 51 (December 2020): eabd7057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd7057.

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A bis-ethene chromium(I) species, which is the postulated key intermediate in the widely accepted metallacyclic mechanism for ethene oligomerization, is experimentally observed. This catalytic transformation is an important commercial route to linear α-olefins (primarily, 1-hexene and 1-octene), which act as comonomers for the production of polyethene. Here, electron paramagnetic resonance studies of a catalytic system based on [Cr(CO)4(PNP)][Al(OC(CF3)3)4] [PNP = Ph2PN(iPr)PPh2] activated with Et6Al2 provide the first unequivocal evidence for a chromium(I) bis-ethene complex. The concentration of this species is enhanced under ethene and isotope labeling studies that confirm its composition as containing [Cr(C2H4)2(CO)2(PNP)]+. These observations open a new route to mechanistic studies of selective ethene oligomerization.
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47

Riley, Brigit E., Stephen E. Kaiser, Thomas A. Shaler, Aylwin C. Y. Ng, Taichi Hara, Mark S. Hipp, Kasper Lage, et al. "Ubiquitin accumulation in autophagy-deficient mice is dependent on the Nrf2-mediated stress response pathway: a potential role for protein aggregation in autophagic substrate selection." Journal of Cell Biology 191, no. 3 (November 1, 2010): 537–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201005012.

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Genetic ablation of autophagy in mice leads to liver and brain degeneration accompanied by the appearance of ubiquitin (Ub) inclusions, which has been considered to support the hypothesis that ubiquitination serves as a cis-acting signal for selective autophagy. We show that tissue-specific disruption of the essential autophagy genes Atg5 and Atg7 leads to the accumulation of all detectable Ub–Ub topologies, arguing against the hypothesis that any particular Ub linkage serves as a specific autophagy signal. The increase in Ub conjugates in Atg7−/− liver and brain is completely suppressed by simultaneous knockout of either p62 or Nrf2. We exploit a novel assay for selective autophagy in cell culture, which shows that inactivation of Atg5 leads to the selective accumulation of aggregation-prone proteins, and this does not correlate with an increase in substrate ubiquitination. We propose that protein oligomerization drives autophagic substrate selection and that the accumulation of poly-Ub chains in autophagy-deficient circumstances is an indirect consequence of activation of Nrf2-dependent stress response pathways.
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48

Nifant’ev, Ilya, Alexander Vinogradov, Alexey Vinogradov, Stanislav Karchevsky, and Pavel Ivchenko. "Zirconocene-Catalyzed Dimerization of α-Olefins: DFT Modeling of the Zr-Al Binuclear Reaction Mechanism." Molecules 24, no. 19 (October 2, 2019): 3565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193565.

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Zirconocene-mediated selective dimerization of α-olefins usually occurs when precatalyst (η5-C5H5)2ZrCl2 is activated by minimal excess of methylalumoxane (MAO). In this paper, we present the results of density functional theory (DFT) simulation of the initiation, propagation, and termination stages of dimerization and oligomerization of propylene within the framework of Zr-Al binuclear mechanism at M-06x/DGDZVP level of theory. The results of the analysis of the reaction profiles allow to explain experimental facts such as oligomerization of α-olefins at high MAO/(η5-C5H5)2ZrCl2 ratios and increase of the selectivity of dimerization in the presence of R2AlCl. The results of DFT simulations confirm the crucial role of the presence of chloride in the selectivity of dimerization. The molecular hydrogen was found in silico and proven experimentally as an effective agent that increases the rate and selectivity of dimerization.
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49

Takeuchi, Shingo, Tetsuya Mochihara, Takeshige Takahashi, Takami Kai, Yasumasa Morita, and Seijuro Maiya. "Selective Synthesis of Gas Oil via Oligomerization of Light Olefins Catalyzed by Methanesulphonic Acid." Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute 50, no. 4 (2007): 188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1627/jpi.50.188.

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50

Son, Kyung-sun, and Robert M. Waymouth. "Selective Ethylene Oligomerization in the Presence of ZnR2: Synthesis of Terminally-Functionalized Ethylene Oligomers." Organometallics 29, no. 16 (August 23, 2010): 3515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om100503v.

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