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Bradley, Margaret M., and Peter J. Lang. "Measuring emotion: The self-assessment manikin and the semantic differential." Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 25, no. 1 (March 1994): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-7916(94)90063-9.
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Brito, Henrique, Diogo Teixeira, and Duarte Araújo. "Translation and Construct Validity of the Feeling Scale and the Felt Arousal Scale in Portuguese Recreational Exercisers." Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 22, no. 3 (August 20, 2022): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/cpd.514061.
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La Feeling Scale y la Felt Arousal Scale son escalas ampliamente utilizadas en la investigación del deporte. En este estudio, las escalas originales fueron traducidas del inglés al portugués. Posteriormente, se comprobó si las puntuaciones de afecto y activación en el Self-Assessment Manikin, una escala basada en imágenes, predecían las puntuaciones en la Feeling Scale y en la Felt Arousal Scale en 47 deportistas recreativos portugueses, antes y después de una sesión de ejercicio. El Self-Assessment Manikin mostró correlaciones de moderadas a fuertes con la Feeling Scale (r = 0.70 y r = 0.56, p < 0.01) y la Felt Arousal Scale (r = 0.65 y r = 0.72, p < 0.01), y un poder predictivo sustancial sobre la Feeling Scale (R2 = 47% y R2 = 31%) y la Felt Arousal Scale (R2 = 42% y R2 = 52%). En base a este estudio, la Feeling Scale y la Felt Arousal Scale demostraron ser instrumentos válidos para medir el afecto y la excitación en los ejercitantes recreativos portugueses. Feeling Scale and Felt Arousal Scale are widely used in sport research. They provide a practical assessment of self-reported affect and arousal during exercise. The original scales were translated from English to Portuguese. Afterward, it was tested if the affect and arousal scores in the picture-based Self-Assessment Manikin predicted the scores in the Feeling Scale and the Felt Arousal Scale in 47 Portuguese recreational exercisers, before and after an exercise session. Self-Assessment Manikin showed moderate-to-strong correlations with the Feeling Scale (r = 0.70 and r = 0.56, p < 0.01) and the Felt Arousal Scale (r = 0.65 and r = 0.72, p < 0.01), and substantial predictive power over the Feeling Scale (R2 = 47% and R2 = 31%) and the Felt Arousal Scale (R2 = 42% and R2 = 52%). The Feeling Scale and Felt Arousal Scale are valid instruments to measure affect and arousal in Portuguese exercisers. A Feeling Scale e a Felt Arousal Scale são amplamente utilizadas na investigação em desporto. Fornecem uma avaliação prática dos estados psicológicos de afeto e da ativação durante o exercício. Neste estudo, as escalas originais foram traduzidas do inglês para português. Posteriormente, testou-se se a pontuação do afeto e da ativação na Self-Assessment Manikin, uma escala baseada em imagens, previa a pontuação na Feeling Scale e na Felt Arousal Scale em 47 desportistas recreativos portugueses, antes e depois de uma sessão de exercício. A Self-Assessment Manikin mostrou correlações moderadas a fortes com a Feeling Scale (r = 0.70 e r = 0.56, p < 0.01) e com a Felt Arousal Scale (r = 0.65 e r = 0.72, p < 0,01), e um poder preditivo substancial sobre a Feeling Scale (R2 = 47% e R2 = 31%) e a Felt Arousal Scale (R2 = 42% e R2 = 52%). A Feeling Scale e a Felt Arousal Scale são instrumentos válidos para medir o afeto e a ativação em desportistas recreativos portugueses.
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Handayani, Dini, Abdul Wahab, and Hamwira Yaacob. "Recognition of Emotions in Video Clips: The Self-Assessment Manikin Validation." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) 13, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 1343. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v13i4.2735.
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Backs, Richard W., Sergio P. da Silva, and Kyunghee Han. "A Comparison of Younger and Older Adults' Self-Assessment Manikin Ratings of Affective Pictures." Experimental Aging Research 31, no. 4 (October 2005): 421–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610730500206808.
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Albin, Catherine S. W., Emil Petrusa, James A. Gordon, Deepa Malaiyandi, and Sahar F. Zafar. "Curriculum Innovations: How Real Is Real Enough?" Neurology: Education 1, no. 1 (September 2022): e200004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/ne9.0000000000200004.
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Background and ObjectivesSimulation training has been increasingly adopted in neurology as an engaging way to promote active learning in a safe environment while offering a reproducible platform for real-time feedback. However, despite the increase in simulation programs, there remains uncertainty about which type of high-fidelity platform would best promote trainee knowledge and confidence acquisition. The objective of this study is to investigate whether increases in resident knowledge and confidence differ when a simulation course for acute neurology emergencies uses a standardized patient vs a manikin-video format. We also investigated trainees' management deviations from the treatment guidelines.MethodsOver 5 sessions, 20 junior neurology residents participated in a simulation training course in which they managed 3 neurologic emergencies: right middle cerebral artery stroke, status epilepticus, and pontine hemorrhage causing coma. Residents in the standardized patient group interacted with a live actor for the cases in which the patient was conscious. Residents in the manikin-video group interacted with a manikin for all 3 cases. Before and after the course, residents completed a 40-question multiple-choice test and a survey about their self-perceived confidence in handling 15 neurologic emergencies. To create an element of internal validity, 9 items were represented in the course curriculum and 6 were not. During the simulation, a detailed behavior checklist was used to assess decision-making and guideline adherence. All residents answered items about the educational quality of the simulation sessions.ResultsResidents had significantly higher scores on the knowledge assessment after the training session (pre: 49% vs post: 72%,p< 0.001, effect size 91%). There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups—each increasing 23% (p= 0.977). Regardless of group assignment, the median self-reported confidence score improved by 1 point on a Likert scale across the topics taught in the course. The behavior checklist demonstrated significant variations in treatment practices and provided targeted areas for feedback and teaching.DiscussionThis pilot study suggests that trainees' knowledge and confidence in the management of neurologic emergencies increase after simulated encounters, regardless of whether a live actor or manikin simulation platforms is used. The use of a behavior checklist uncovered important variations in guideline adherence among novice physicians.
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Murdoch, Maureen, Melissa Ruth Partin, Derek Vang, and Shannon Marie Kehle-Forbes. "The Psychological Risk of Minimal Risk Activities: A Pre- and Posttest Study Using the Self-Assessment Manikin." Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics 14, no. 1 (November 8, 2018): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1556264618810302.
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It is difficult to apply U.S. Federal Code of Regulation’s criterion for “minimal risk,” because benchmarks of minimal risk have not been quantified. Our goal was to examine the psychological risks of several day-to-day activities. Using the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), we assessed the state valence and arousal of 432 patients and employees at a large Midwestern Department of Veterans Affairs medical facility before and after they had their blood drawn, saw their primary care physician or mental health provider, or took part in an exercise class. Exercise was associated with near-large to large salutary effects (Cohen’s d = 0.76-1.17); other effects were small or moderate in positive directions (Cohen’s d = 0.02-0.51). Our findings are a promising start toward establishing benchmarks and quantifying the psychological harms of minimal risk activities. Estimates such as these may help researchers determine whether their own research exceeds minimal risk.
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Liao, Dan, Lin Shu, Guodong Liang, Yingxuan Li, Yue Zhang, Wenzhuo Zhang, and Xiangming Xu. "Design and Evaluation of Affective Virtual Reality System Based on Multimodal Physiological Signals and Self-Assessment Manikin." IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology 4, no. 3 (September 2020): 216–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jerm.2019.2948767.
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Lasaitis, Cristina, Rafaela Larsen Ribeiro, Marcelo Ventura Freire, and Orlando Franscisco Amodeo Bueno. "Atualização das normas brasileiras para o International Affective Picture System (IAPS)." Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul 30, no. 3 (December 2008): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81082008000400012.
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Este trabalho expande a normatização brasileira do International Affective Picture System (IAPS), um instrumento de imagens afetivas, amplamente utilizado em pesquisas, com valores normativos para 240 novos estímulos, e confirma as categorias de imagens "agradáveis", "neutras" e "desagradáveis". Também são apresentados os resultados comparando os padrões de respostas de homens e mulheres. No total, participaram 448 estudantes universitários brasileiros (179 homens e 269 mulheres), que avaliaram as fotografias em termos de prazer, alerta e dominância, através da escala Self Assessment Manikin (SAM). O procedimento adotado foi o mesmo de outro estudo já desenvolvido para as normas norte-americanas.
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Sutton, Tina M., Andrew M. Herbert, and Dailyn Q. Clark. "Valence, arousal, and dominance ratings for facial stimuli." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 8 (February 13, 2019): 2046–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021819829012.
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A total of 1,363 images from seven sets of facial stimuli were normed using the self-assessment manikin procedure. Each participant provided valence, arousal, and dominance ratings for 120-130 faces displaying various emotional expressions (e.g., happiness, sadness). The current work provides a large database of normed ratings for facial stimuli that complements the existing International Affective Picture System and the Affective Norms for English Words that were developed to provide a normative set of emotional ratings for photographs and words, respectively. This new database will increase experimental control in studies examining the perception, processing, and identification of emotional faces.
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Pahlavan, F., and T. Lubart. "Motivational Effects of Success Or Failure Feedback on the Perception of Affective Pictures." Psychological Reports 100, no. 2 (April 2007): 585–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.100.2.585-603.
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A study of perception of affective pictures from the International Affective Photo System, using the Self Assessment Manikin scale, was conducted. It was hypothesized that participants' affective ratings could be moderated by a subjective experience of success or failure. Analysis, based on a sample of 36 university students, showed an approach tendency for women when they were exposed to positive pictures in the success condition. This approach tendency was associated with relatively shorter processing times and high affective ratings. Men showed relatively shorter processing times and high affective ratings when exposed to negative pictures. For memory-related measures, the highest scores were observed in the success condition for exposure to pleasant pictures. The results are discussed in terms of affective-related self-regulatory tendencies moderated by sex.
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Oliveira, Nelson Rocha de, Gerson Américo Janczura, and Goiara Mendonça de Castilho. "Normas de alerta e valência para 908 palavras da Língua Portuguesa." Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa 29, no. 2 (June 2013): 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-37722013000200008.
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Normas de valência e alerta para 908 palavras foram coletadas utilizando-se a escala de julgamento SAM (Self-Assessment Manikin). Participaram do estudo 4.359 estudantes universitários oriundos de quatro universidades. Os resultados identificaram palavras em todos os quadrantes do espaço afetivo sugerindo que estas podem ser classificadas nas dimensões emocionais alerta (desde palavras relaxantes até mais alertadoras) e valência (desde palavras desagradáveis até agradáveis). A confiabilidade média das normas de valência (r = 0,97) e alerta (r = 0,94) foram altas e significativas. Os resultados de alerta ou valência não estiveram associados ao sexo, idade e frequência de ocorrência das palavras em materiais escritos, sugerindo que estes fatores podem ser considerados ortogonais.
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Iturregui-Gallardo, Gonzalo, and Jorge Luis Méndez-Ulrich. "Towards the Creation of a Tactile Version of the Self-Assessment Manikin (T-SAM) for the Emotional Assessment of Visually Impaired People." International Journal of Disability, Development and Education 67, no. 6 (June 14, 2019): 657–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1034912x.2019.1626007.
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Raina, Sadhana. "Assessment of feasibility of Objective Structured Clinical Examination for Final BDS students in Conservative Dentistry and Endodontic at Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur." Journal of Applied and Advanced Research 4, no. 3 (July 5, 2019): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2019.v4i3.296.
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Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) have become established as reliable, valid and objective methods of assessing practical and clinical skills in dental schools. This study explored the perceptions of dental undergraduates regarding OSCE. After a clinical course in Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, 32 Final year dental students were assessed summatively, using OSCE. The students were informed beforehand about the assessment formats. The self-assessed clinical competence, study time and strategies (i.e. practice with a manikin, peers and patient case) were evaluated by means of a questionnaire. After a comprehensive dental care course, all 32 students were assessed by OSCE, in which Five stations were included ‘Cavity Preparation’, ‘Base application’ ‘Restoration’, &; educating patients; and; Post-Operative Instructions; Each Student was evaluated separately in each Station with predetermined structured questions. Data was collected and send for statistical analysis. The results were obtained using SPSS-17 and comparison done with Conventional Exam. Implementation of an OSCE in undergraduate Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Curriculum helps in greater achievement of specific clinical competence and greater level of realistic self-assessment.
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Vallejo-Medina, Pablo, Franklin Soler, Mayra Gómez-Lugo, Alejandro Saavedra-Roa, and Laurent Marchal-Bertrand. "Procedure to validate sexual stimuli: reliability and validity of a set of sexual stimuli in a sample of young colombian heterosexual males." International Journal of Psychological Research 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21500/20112084.2268.
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Penile plethysmography – or phallometric assessment – is a very relevant evaluation for sexual health. The objective of this research is to suggest a guideline to validate sexual stimuli and validate a set of sexual stimuli in young heterosexual men. Six videos of 3:15 minute-long were used. A total of 24 men were assessed. Objective sexual arousal, rapid change of peripheral temperature, pulse, the International Index of Erectile Function-5, Self-Assessment Manikin, Multidimensional Scale to Assess Subjective Sexual Arousal and socio-psycho-sexual questions were used. The results showed three sexual excerpts which were clearly superior to the others – something discordant with the subjective opinion of researchers. These three sexual excerpts generated internally consistent measurements; moreover, good indicators of external validity have been observed with statistically significant differences as expected. Furthermore, with healthy young population, it has been shown that the three stimuli produce objective sexual arousal if used together.
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Henrique Kronbauer, Artur, Naiara Da Encarnação Neves, and Pedro Henrique Pereira. "Relatos da estruturação de aulas remotas com a utilização de metodologias ativas." RENOTE 19, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-1916.121183.
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O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a utilização de metodologias ativas em aulas remotas da disciplina de Interação Humano-Computador (IHC) durante a pandemia da Covid-19. As práticas pedagógicas, já utilizadas nas aulas presenciais, foram migradas para as aulas remotas com a intenção de potencializar a participação dos estudantes, criar formas de realizar avaliações formativas e continuadas, além de contribuir com experiências hedônicas positivas. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa é de natureza aplicada, com uma abordagem qualitativa e de carácter exploratória. Para avaliar os resultados foi utilizada a técnica de autorrelato Self Assessment Manikin (SAM) que possibilita medir a experiência dos usuários (User eXperience - UX). Os resultados encontrados foram positivos e podem servir de exemplo para aplicações em outras áreas de conhecimento.
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Dhaka, Suman, and Naveen Kashyap. "Explicit emotion regulation: Comparing emotion inducing stimuli." Psychological Thought 10, no. 2 (October 20, 2017): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/psyct.v10i2.240.
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Emotions are a major part of our subjective experiences of the world. At times, our emotions are not appropriate and require active management. Emotion regulation refers to the various ways of managing or controlling emotional responses. External stimuli play specific role in electing emotions. Pictures and movies elicit emotions and emotional effects of films are believed to exceed that of pictures. The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of emotion regulation strategies across emotion induction method (picture and films). Forty participants rated their emotion on Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) ratings for each pictorial and video stimuli while following the emotion regulation instructions. Repeated-measures ANOVAs revealed that the pictures were more effective in modulating emotions. Cognitive reappraisal and distraction strategies downregulated emotions.
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Lee, JeeEun, and Sun K. Yoo. "Design of User-Customized Negative Emotion Classifier Based on Feature Selection Using Physiological Signal Sensors." Sensors 18, no. 12 (December 3, 2018): 4253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18124253.
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First, the Likert scale and self-assessment manikin are used to provide emotion analogies, but they have limits for reflecting subjective factors. To solve this problem, we use physiological signals that show objective responses from cognitive status. The physiological signals used are electrocardiogram, skin temperature, and electrodermal activity (EDA). Second, the degree of emotion felt, and the related physiological signals, vary according to the individual. KLD calculates the difference in probability distribution shape patterns between two classes. Therefore, it is possible to analyze the relationship between physiological signals and emotion. As the result, features from EDA are important for distinguishing negative emotion in all subjects. In addition, the proposed feature selection algorithm showed an average accuracy of 92.5% and made it possible to improve the accuracy of negative emotion recognition.
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Gómez-Lugo, M., D. Saavedra-Roa, C. P. Pérez-Durán, J. Marchal-Bertrand, J. Tovar-Peña, and P. Vallejo-Medina. "Reliability and Validity of a Set of Sexual Stimuli in a Sample of Young Colombian Heterosexual Women." Klinička psihologija 9, no. 1 (June 13, 2016): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21465/2016-kp-op-0074.
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Objective: The aim of this research is to validate a set of sexual stimuli in young heterosexual Colombian women. Present study examined women’s sexual and affective responses to sexual film clips. Design and Method: Six videos of 6:00 minute-long were used. A total of 24 women were assessed. Objective (photoplethysmograph) and subjective (Multidimensional Scale to Assess Subjective Sexual Arousal) sexual arousal were measured. Also the Self-Assessment Manikin, and some socio-psycho-sexual questions were used. Results: The results showed three sexual excerpts which were clearly superior to the others. These three sexual excerpts generated internally consistent measurements; moreover, good indicators of external validity have been observed with statistically significant differences as expected. Conclusions: It has been shown that with healthy young women these three stimuli produce objective sexual arousal.
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Cisnal, Ana, Victor Moreno-SanJuan, Juan Carlos Fraile, Javier P. Turiel, Eusebio de-la-Fuente, and Guillermo Sánchez-Brizuela. "Assessment of the Patient’s Emotional Response with the RobHand Rehabilitation Platform: A Case Series Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 15 (July 30, 2022): 4442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154442.
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Cerebrovascular accidents have physical, cognitive and emotional effects. During rehabilitation, the main focus is placed on motor recovery, yet the patient’s emotional state should also be considered. For this reason, validating robotic rehabilitation systems should not only focus on their effectiveness related to the physical recovery but also on the patient’s emotional response. A case series study has been conducted with five stroke patients to assess their emotional response towards therapies using RobHand, a robotic hand rehabilitation platform. Emotional state was evaluated in three dimensions (arousal, valence and dominance) using a computer-based Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) test. It was verified that the emotions induced by the RobHand platform were successfully distributed in the three-dimensional emotional space. The increase in dominance and the decrease in arousal during sessions reflects that patients had become familiar with the rehabilitation platform, resulting in an increased feeling of control and finding the platform less attractive. The results also reflect that patients found a therapy based on a virtual environment with a realistic scenario more pleasant and attractive.
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Binkhorst, Mathijs, Irene van de Wiel, Jos M. T. Draaisma, Arno F. J. van Heijst, Tim Antonius, and Marije Hogeveen. "Neonatal resuscitation guideline adherence: simulation study and framework for improvement." European Journal of Pediatrics 179, no. 11 (May 29, 2020): 1813–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-020-03693-6.
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Abstract We wanted to assess newborn life support (NLS) knowledge and guideline adherence, and provide strategies to improve (neonatal) resuscitation guideline adherence. Pediatricians completed 17 multiple-choice questions (MCQ). They performed a simulated NLS scenario, using a high-fidelity manikin. The literature was systematically searched for publications regarding guideline adherence. Forty-six pediatricians participated: 45 completed the MCQ, 34 performed the scenario. Seventy-one percent (median, IQR 56–82) of the MCQ were answered correctly. Fifty-six percent performed inflation breaths ≤ 60 s, 24% delivered inflation breaths of 2–3 s, and 85% used adequate inspiratory pressures. Airway patency was ensured 83% (IQR 76–92) of the time. Median events/min, compression rate, and percentage of effective compressions were 138/min (IQR 130–145), 120/min (IQR 114–120), and 38% (IQR 24–48), respectively. Other adherence percentages were temperature management 50%, auscultation of initial heart rate 100%, pulse oximeter use 94%, oxygen increase 74%, and correct epinephrine dose 82%. Ten publications were identified and used for our framework. The framework may inspire clinicians, educators, researchers, and guideline developers in their attempt to improve resuscitation guideline adherence. It contains many feasible strategies to enhance professionals’ knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, and team performance, as well as recommendations regarding equipment, environment, and guideline development/dissemination. Conclusion: NLS guideline adherence among pediatricians needs improvement. Our framework is meant to promote resuscitation guideline adherence. What is Known:• Inadequate newborn life support (NLS) may contribute to (long-term) pulmonary and cerebral damage.• Video-based assessment of neonatal resuscitations has shown that deviations from the NLS guideline occur frequently; this assessment method has its audiovisual shortcomings. What is New:• The resuscitation quality metrics provided by our high-fidelity manikin suggest that the adherence of Dutch general pediatricians to the NLS guideline is suboptimal.• We constructed a comprehensive framework, containing multiple strategies to improve (neonatal) resuscitation guideline adherence.
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Kristensen, Christian Haag, Carlos Falcão de Azevedo Gomes, Alice Reuwsaat Justo, and Karin Vieira. "Normas brasileiras para o Affective Norms for English Words." Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 33, no. 3 (2011): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2237-60892011000300003.
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INTRODUÇÃO: O presente estudo realizou a tradução e adaptação do Affective Norms for English Words (ANEW) para o português brasileiro (ANEW-Br) e obteve medidas de emocionalidade para um conjunto de 1.046 palavras em português. MÉTODO: Uma amostra de 755 universitários de ambos os sexos utilizou as escalas de valência e alerta do Self-Assessment Manikin para julgar a emocionalidade de 1.046 palavras em português. RESULTADOS: Os valores de valência ficaram no intervalo de 1,16 a 8,80, enquanto que os valores de alerta ficaram no intervalo de 2,22 a 7,67. Análises adicionais indicaram que as medidas de valência e alerta se mostraram fidedignas, além de sugerir adequação do método utilizado para coleta das medidas de emocionalidade. CONCLUSÃO: A disponibilização das normas brasileiras para o ANEW representa um avanço metodológico para pesquisadores brasileiros no desenvolvimento de futuros estudos sobre os efeitos da emoção na cognição humana.
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Maibach, Maximilian, Martin Niedermeier, Gorden Sudeck, and Martin Kopp. "Erfassung unmittelbarer affektiver Reaktionen auf körperliche Aktivität." Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie 27, no. 1 (January 2020): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/1612-5010/a000291.
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Zusammenfassung. Affektive Reaktionen während körperlicher Aktivität haben in den letzten Jahren vermehrtes Forschungsinteresse erfahren. In englischsprachigen Forschungsarbeiten werden vielfach die zwei Single-Item-Verfahren „Feeling Scale“ ( Hardy & Rejeski, 1989 ) und „Felt Arousal Scale“ ( Svebak & Murgatroyd, 1985 ) zur Erhebung angewendet. Für den deutschsprachigen Raum liegen bisher keine validierten Übersetzungen dieser Verfahren vor. Daher wurden 82 Personen bei einer Fahrradergometrie deutsche Übersetzungen der FS und FAS vorgelegt. Zur Prüfung der Validität wurde parallel das „Self-Assessment Manikin“-Verfahren ( Bradley & Lang, 1994 ) eingesetzt und individuelle Variationen auf Between- und Within-Person Ebene analysiert. Die Korrelationen zwischen FS und SAM Dimension Valenz ( r = .72 bis .73) sowie zwischen FAS und SAM Dimension Aktivierung ( r = .50 bis .62) waren mit den englischsprachigen Validierungsstudien vergleichbar. Auf Basis dieses Beitrags können die Möglichkeiten für die Erhebung von affektiven Reaktionen im deutschen Sprachraum erweitert werden, wobei Validierungen in weiteren Personengruppen empfehlenswert sind.
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Yusoff, Nasir. "Cultural heritage, Emotion, Acculturation, Ethnic minority, Valence." Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 6, no. 3 (December 18, 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/259.
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It is believed that the historical background of the Chinese community in Malaysia has significant impact on their emotional dimension towards the Malay cultural heritage, which is the heritage of the major ethnic group in Malaysia. This study aimed to examine the emotional expression of the Chinese ethnic towards Malay cultural heritage images in comparison to the Malay ethnic. Three different type of Malay cultural heritage images (Malay traditional food - ketupat, Malay traditional dresses – baju melayu/baju kurung and Malay traditional game – wau bulan) were presented to the Chinese (N=80) and the Malay (N=116) participants, recruited from the undergraduate population of a local institution. Participants self-rated their emotional feedback using a non-verbal pictorial measure (Self-Assessment Manikin) which measured the range of emotional response (valence domain), ranging from one (low valence) to nine (high valence). The Chinese indicated similar level of emotion expression as the Malays in response towards the images of Malay cultural heritage. Both Chinese and Malay showed higher self-rated emotional expression for traditional food image (i.e. ketupat) than non-food images (i.e. Malay dresses and wau bulan). Implication of this study points to the effect of acculturation on the emotional development of the ethnic minority and the emotional property of the food image in constructing the emotion.
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Qiao, Lin, Jingwei Zhuang, Xuan Zhang, Yang Su, and Yiping Xia. "Assessing Emotional Responses to the Spatial Quality of Urban Green Spaces through Self-Report and Face Recognition Measures." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 12, 2021): 8526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168526.
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Although creating a high-quality urban green space (UGS) is of considerable importance in public health, few studies have used individuals’ emotions to evaluate the UGS quality. This study aims to conduct a multidimensional emotional assessment method of UGS from the perspective of spatial quality. Panoramic videos of 15 scenes in the West Lake Scenic Area were displayed to 34 participants. For each scene, 12 attributes regarding spatial quality were quantified, including perceived plant attributes, spatial structure attributes, and experiences of UGS. Then, the Self-Assessment-Manikin (SAM) scale and face recognition model were used to measure people’s valence-arousal emotion values. Among all the predictors, the percentages of water and plants were the most predictive indicators of emotional responses measured by SAM scale, while the interpretation rate of the model measured by face recognition was insufficiently high. Concerning gender differences, women experienced a significantly higher valence than men. Higher percentages of water and plants, larger sizes, approximate shape index, and lower canopy densities were often related to positive emotions. Hence, designers must consider all structural attributes of green spaces, as well as enrich visual perception and provide various activities while creating a UGS. In addition, we suggest combining both physiological and psychological methods to assess emotional responses in future studies. Because the face recognition model can provide objective measurement of emotional responses, and the self-report questionnaire is much easier to administer and can be used as a supplement.
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Gantiva, Carlos, Erwin Estupiñan, Ingrid Montaña, María Sierra, Eva Zocadegui, and Tania Romo-González. "Emotional dimensions in people with aggressive behavior: differential responses to affective visual stimuli." Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 36, no. 4 (December 2014): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2014-0004.
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INTRODUCTION: The emotional interaction between personal attributes and the environment is a key element to understand aggression. This study identified emotional responses of people with different aggressive traits to pictures with a specific affective content.METHODS:Three hundred fifteen individuals were divided into five groups according to their scores on the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, which consists of 24 pictures of the International Affective Picture System that depict aggression, the suffering of others, filial situations, and sexual content. Each picture was evaluated for valence, arousal, and dominance using the Self-Assessment Manikin scale.RESULTS:Sexual pictures were more appetitive and associated with more arousal in the groups of individuals with some aggression-related dimension than in the non-aggressive group.CONCLUSIONS: A strong interaction was found between aggressive traits (e.g., verbal aggression, physical aggression, anger, and hostility) and pictures with a sexual content. This interaction is decisive in understanding the later phases of aggressive behaviors and sexual aggression.
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Lasaitis, Cristina, Rafaela Larsen Ribeiro, and Orlando Francisco Amodeo Bueno. "Brazilian norms for the International Affective Picture System (IAPS): comparison of the affective ratings for new stimuli between Brazilian and North-American subjects." Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria 57, no. 4 (2008): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0047-20852008000400008.
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OBJECTIVE: The study presents the Brazilian norms for 240 new stimuli from International Affective Picture System (IAPS), a database of affective images widely used in research, compared to the North-American normative ratings. METHODS: The participants were 448 Brazilian university students from several courses (269 women and 179 men) with mean age of 24.2 (SD = 7.8), that evaluated the IAPS pictures in the valence, arousal and dominance dimensions by the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) scales. Data were compared across the populations by Pearson linear correlation and Student's t-tests. RESULTS: Correlations were highly significant for all dimensions; however, Brazilians' averages for arousal were higher than North-Americans'. CONCLUSIONS: The results show stability in relation to the first part of the Brazilian standardization and they are also consistent with the North-American standards, despite minor differences relating to interpretation of the arousal dimension, demonstrating that IAPS is a reliable instrument for experimental studies in the Brazilian population.
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Mercadillo, Roberto E., Fernando A. Barrios, and José Luis Díaz. "Definition of Compassion-Evoking Images in a Mexican Sample." Perceptual and Motor Skills 105, no. 2 (October 2007): 661–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.105.2.661-676.
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To assemble a calibrated set of compassion-eliciting visual stimuli, 60 clinically healthy Mexican volunteers (36 women, 24 men; M age = 27.5 yr., SD = 2.4) assessed 84 pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System catalogue using the dimensions of Valence, Arousal, and Dominance included in the Self-assessment Manikin scale and an additional dimension of Compassion. Pictures showing suffering in social contexts and expressions of sadness elicited similar responses of compassion. The highest compassion response was reported for pictures showing illness and pain. Men and women differed in the intensity but not the quality of the compassionate responses. Compassion included attributes of negative emotions such as displeasure. The quality of the emotional response was not different from that previously reported for samples in the USA, Spain, and Brazil. A set of 28 pictures was selected as high-compassion-evoking images and 28 as null-compassion controls suitable for studies designed to ascertain the neural substrates of this moral emotion.
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Vincent, Dale S., Benjamin W. Berg, and Keiichi Ikegami. "Mass-Casualty Triage Training for International Healthcare Workers in the Asia-Pacific Region Using Manikin-Based Simulations." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 24, no. 3 (June 2009): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00006828.
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AbstractIntroduction:More than half of the world's disasters occur in the Asia-Pacific region. A simulation-based exercise to teach healthcare workers prehospital triage, tagging, and treatment methods was used to link disaster management theory to practice with a student-centered, hands-on educational activity. Various strategies for teaching disaster health education have been advocated, and best-practice disaster education models continue to be sought.Methods:A manikin-based, primary triage and treatment course was adapted for international healthcare providers in the Asia-Pacific region using symbolic representations of triage categories and physical findings. The pedagogical construct that was used was an interactive, formative assessment in which faculty members mediated learner information gathering and interpretation during four simulation scenarios. After establishing a multi-casualty disaster context, a wireless, audience response system anonymously collected learner responses to four clinical situations: (1) leg wound (hemorrhagic shock/immediate); (2) chest wound (tension pneumothorax/immediate); (3) head wound (traumatic brain injury/expectant); and (4) limb trauma (leg fracture/delayed).Results:There were 182 healthcare providers from eight Asia-Pacific countries (including the US) that participated in four simulation seminars. The simulation sessions were successfully tailored to groups of learners that varied in size and professional composition.Expectant and delayed triage categories posed the greatest challenge to learners. In one of two groups that were queried, learner self-confidence in applying principles of triage and treatment improved significantly. At the conclusion of the simulation sessions, learners strongly agreed that manikin-based simulation improved their understanding of triage, and should be used to teach principles of primary triage and treatment.Conclusions:Simulation training represents an opportunity to engage learners regardless of language and cultural barriers. Simulation-based training can be effective in introducing healthcare professionals to principles of primary triage and treatment in an effective and culturally sensitive manner.The characteristics of the course with respect to planned formative assessment and culturally competent scholarship were reviewed.
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Rodrigues, Fernando, Julien Diogo, Carla Rodrigues, Cláudia Figueira, and Pedro J. Rosa. "Does caffeine matter for arousal? Affective and autonomic responses induced by caffeine in coffee intake: evidence from a double-blind tasting task." Journal of Applied Cognitive Neuroscience 2, no. 1 (March 26, 2021): e00143322. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/jacn.2.1.2021.02.
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Coffee is consumed worldwide, but there are different types of espresso blends, each with its unique concentration of caffeine, which can have different effects on the human being. The aim of this study was to understand the effect of the impact of caffeine on the autonomic nervous system, evaluating the physiological changes and subjective responses due to different levels of caffeine intake. A double-blind tasting task consisting of one within-subject factor design (caffeine level: high / double caffeine mixture (blend A) vs single-charge caffeine mixture (blend B) vs low-caffeine mixture (blend c) allowed us to assess participants’ autonomic responses using Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and Pupillary Reactivity (PR). Arousal was also assessed through the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM). Results revealed statistically significant differences in HRV and PR between coffee blends, showing the blend A,a more pronounced autonomic response that blend C. However, no significant differences were found in arousal level among coffee blends. These results are similar to previous research that pointed out to a discordance between subjective and objective measures when caffeine is consumed.
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Müller, Bodo, Britta Winter, Anette Schürkens, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, and Sabine Herpertz. "Validierung und Normierung von kindgerechten, standardisierten Bildmotiven aus dem International Affective Picture System." Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie 32, no. 4 (November 2004): 235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917.32.4.235.
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Zusammenfassung: Fragestellung: Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war die Validierung und Normierung einer Auswahl von Bildmotiven aus dem International Affective Picture System von Lang ( CSEA-NIMH, 1999 ; Lang et al., 1999 ) bezüglich der Dimensionen Arousal und Valenz an 57 Jungen und 63 Mädchen im Alter zwischen sechs und zwölf Jahren. Methodik: 18 Bildmotive mit jeweils sechs positiven, sechs negativen und sechs neutralen Reizen wurden Kindern im Alter zwischen sechs und zwölf Jahren präsentiert. Die Kinder bewerteten mit Hilfe des Self-Assessment-Manikin (SAM; Lang et al., 1980 ; Bradley et al., 1994 ), einer visuellen Analogskala, die Bildmotive in Bezug auf die Dimensionen Valenz und Arousal. Ergebnisse: Kinder im Alter zwischen sechs und zwölf Jahren sind in der Lage, die dargebotenen Bildmotive ihrem Inhalt nach zu erkennen und diese den Dimensionen Valenz und Arousal adäquat zuzuordnen. Schlussfolgerungen: Mit unserer Auswahl aus dem International Affective Picture System von Lang steht eine Anzahl von standardisierten Bildmotiven zur Verfügung, die zur Affektinduktion z.B. bei psychophysiologischen und bildgebenden Untersuchungen in der Altersgruppe von sechs bis zwölf Jahren geeignet sind.
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Pinheiro, Ana P., Robert W. McCarley, Elizabeth Thompson, Óscar F. Gonçalves, and Margaret Niznikiewicz. "From Semantics to Feelings: How Do Individuals with Schizophrenia Rate the Emotional Valence of Words?" Schizophrenia Research and Treatment 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/431823.
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Schizophrenia is characterized by both emotional and language abnormalities. However, in spite of reports of preserved evaluation of valence of affective stimuli, such as pictures, it is less clear how individuals with schizophrenia assess verbal material with emotional valence, for example, the overall unpleasantness/displeasure relative to pleasantness/attraction of a word. This study aimed to investigate how schizophrenic individuals rate the emotional valence of adjectives, when compared with a group of healthy controls. One hundred and eighty-four adjectives differing in valence were presented. These adjectives were previously categorized as “neutral,” “positive” (pleasant), or “negative” (unpleasant) by five judges not participating in the current experiment. Adjectives from the three categories were matched on word length, frequency, and familiarity. Sixteen individuals with schizophrenia diagnosis and seventeen healthy controls were asked to rate the valence of each word, by using a computerized version of the Self-Assessment Manikin (Bradley and Lang, 1994). Results demonstrated similar ratings of emotional valence of words, suggesting a similar representation of affective knowledge in schizophrenia, at least in terms of the valence dimension.
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Romo-González, Tania, Raquel González-Ochoa, Carlos Gantiva, and Yolanda Campos-Uscanga. "Valores normativos del sistema internacional de imágenes afectivas en población mexicana: diferencias entre Estados Unidos, Colombia y México." Universitas Psychologica 17, no. 2 (April 26, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.upsy.17-2.vnsi.
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Uno de los instrumentos con mayor evidencia empírica y versatilidad para el estudio de las emociones y la motivación es el Sistema Internacional de Imágenes Afectivas (International Affective Picture System, IAPS). Sin embargo, no ha sido probado en población mexicana, por esta razón el presente estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar los valores normativos en valencia, arousal y dominancia para los conjuntos 13, 14, 19 y 20 del IAPS en población mexicana e identificar las diferencias con países de América (Colombia y Estados Unidos). Participaron 408 estudiantes quienes evaluaron 238 imágenes del IAPS a través del Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM). Los resultados mostraron que la distribución de las imágenes en el espacio afectivo bidimensional (valencia-arousal) adoptan la forma esperada de boomerang, coincidiendo con lo encontrado en otras poblaciones. Sin embargo, en población mexicana es más fuerte la relación entre valencia apetitiva y arousal que entre valencia aversiva y arousal.. En conclusión, los valores normativos de los conjuntos 13, 14, 19 y 20 pueden ser utilizados en población mexicana para el estudio objetivo de las emociones.
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Elshama, Said Said. "How to apply Simulation-Based Learning in Medical Education?" Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine 2, no. 2 (March 5, 2020): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.53986/ibjm.2020.0016.
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Simulation-Based Learning is considered the best alternative teaching and assessment tool that able to make the change in education, training, improving the quality and assessing the performance of the medical students. It helps students for acquiring many skills such as professionalism, communication, self-evaluation, time management, and teamwork. In addition, the use of simulation in medical education is based on many noble goals and ethical rules; it provides the best standards for patient care and safety, patient autonomy, and social justice. However, assessment of the application of simulation appropriateness depends on validity, reliability, and utility. Simulation has many types and classifications; it may be classified into human simulation such as role-play and standardized patient or non-human simulation such as manikin and the based computer simulation. It may be also classified according to the type or the fidelity. According to the type, it is classified into compiler-driven and event-driven, or according to the fidelity as a low, medium, and high-fidelity. There are specific criteria and steps that should be applied when designing a simulation course or operation a simulation training session as well as designing a skill checklist for ensuring a successful simulation application in medical education. However, many challenges and obstacles are still facing simulation implementation in medical education in different medical schools.
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Lee, Lung-Hao, Jian-Hong Li, and Liang-Chih Yu. "Chinese EmoBank: Building Valence-Arousal Resources for Dimensional Sentiment Analysis." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 21, no. 4 (July 31, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3489141.
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An increasing amount of research has recently focused on dimensional sentiment analysis that represents affective states as continuous numerical values on multiple dimensions, such as valence-arousal (VA) space. Compared to the categorical approach that represents affective states as distinct classes (e.g., positive and negative), the dimensional approach can provide more fine-grained (real-valued) sentiment analysis. However, dimensional sentiment resources with valence-arousal ratings are very rare, especially for the Chinese language. Therefore, this study aims to: (1) Build a Chinese valence-arousal resource called Chinese EmoBank, the first Chinese dimensional sentiment resource featuring various levels of text granularity including 5,512 single words, 2,998 multi-word phrases, 2,582 single sentences, and 2,969 multi-sentence texts. The valence-arousal ratings are annotated by crowdsourcing based on the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) rating scale. A corpus cleanup procedure is then performed to improve annotation quality by removing outlier ratings and improper texts. (2) Evaluate the proposed resource using different categories of classifiers such as lexicon-based, regression-based, and neural-network-based methods, and comparing their performance to a similar evaluation of an English dimensional sentiment resource.
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Gantiva Díaz, Carlos, Mónica Rodriguez, Milena Arias, and Erika Rubio. "Dimensiones de la emoción durante el proceso de abandono del consumo de tabaco: un apoyo a la visión motivacional del cambio." Diversitas 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.15332/s1794-9998.2012.0002.07.
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<p style="text-align: justify;">El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar las diferencias en la valoración de las dimensiones de la emoción, según el grado de disposición al cambio con respecto al abandono del consumo de tabaco. El estudio se desarrolló bajo el paradigma de visualización de imágenes afectivas con un diseño descriptivo comparativo. Participaron 90 personas y se utilizaron 51 imágenes validadas en Colombia del Sistema Internacional de Imágenes Afectivas, 9 imágenes validadas y asociadas al consumo de tabaco, la escala breve para evaluar los estadios de cambio y el SAM (Self Assessment Manikin). Los resultados muestran una valencia apetitiva, alto <em>arousal </em>y baja dominancia en las etapas iniciales del cambio; valencia aversiva, alto <em>arousal </em>y dominancia media en las etapas intermedias; y valencia neutral, bajo <em>arousal </em>y alta dominancia al finalizar el proceso de cambio. Los resultados se explican a partir de los modelos motivacionales del cambio.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Palabras clave: </strong>Tabaco, emociones, motivación, Colombia.</p>
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Rodriguez, Jafet, Carolina Del-Valle-Soto, and Javier Gonzalez-Sanchez. "Affective States and Virtual Reality to Improve Gait Rehabilitation: A Preliminary Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (August 3, 2022): 9523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159523.
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Over seven million people suffer from an impairment in Mexico; 64.1% are gait-related, and 36.2% are children aged 0 to 14 years. Furthermore, many suffer from neurological disorders, which limits their verbal skills to provide accurate feedback. Robot-assisted gait therapy has shown significant benefits, but the users must make an active effort to accomplish muscular memory, which usually is only around 30% of the time. Moreover, during therapy, the patients’ affective state is mostly unsatisfied, wide-awake, and powerless. This paper proposes a method for increasing the efficiency by combining affective data from an Emotiv Insight, an Oculus Go headset displaying an immersive interaction, and a feedback system. Our preliminary study had eight patients during therapy and eight students analyzing the footage using the self-assessment Manikin. It showed that it is possible to use an EEG headset and identify the affective state with a weighted average precision of 97.5%, recall of 87.9%, and F1-score of 92.3% in general. Furthermore, using a VR device could boost efficiency by 16% more. In conclusion, this method allows providing feedback to the therapist in real-time even if the patient is non-verbal and has a limited amount of facial and body expressions.
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Bruun, Anders, Effie Lai-Chong Law, Thomas Dyhre Nielsen, and Matthias Heintz. "Do You Feel the Same? On the Robustness of Cued-Recall Debriefing for User Experience Evaluation." ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 28, no. 4 (October 31, 2021): 1–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3453479.
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Cued Recall Debriefing (CRD) is a form of retrospective think aloud approach. It involves re-immersing users to a level where emotional responses are comparable to those experienced during actual interaction with a system. To validate whether the robustness of CRD would vary with the time gap between the actual and recalled event and with the affective state preceding the recall, two empirical studies with altogether 100 participants were conducted. Specifically, participants’ emotions were measured in terms of galvanic skin response (GSR) , heart rate (HR) , and self-assessment manikin (SAM) rating when they were interacting with an email client seeded with usability problems. The same measures were taken when they viewed the videoed interactions. Two between-subject variables were ‘intervening time’ (from 0 minutes up to 24 hours) and ‘intervening affect’ (images with different valence and arousal). Advanced computational models were applied to optimise the shifting of GSR/HR waves generated at the actual interaction and recall phases, which were found to be significantly correlated. The shifting process is necessary for addressing the memory effect and is a methodological innovation. Overall, CRD proved to be a robust method that can be deployed to a broad range of HCI research and practice contexts.
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Chu, I.-Hua, Pei-Tzu Wu, Wen-Lan Wu, Hsiang-Chi Yu, Tzu-Cheng Yu, and Yu-Kai Chang. "Affective Responses during High-Intensity Interval Exercise Compared with Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise in Inactive Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 5393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105393.
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This study aimed to investigate the effects of an acute bout of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on affective responses in inactive women. Thirty women with normal body mass index (BMI) and 30 women with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 participated in the study. All participants completed a graded exercise test and performed two exercise sessions (HIIE and MICE) in random order. Affective responses were assessed during and after each exercise session, using the rating of perceived exertion (RPE), Self-Assessment-Manikin (SAM), and Subjective Exercise Experience Scale (SEES). The results showed that the RPE scores were significantly higher in HIIE than in MICE. HIIE resulted in significantly lower pleasure scores using the SAM while arousal and dominance scores were significantly higher with HIIE compared to MICE. Positive well-being scores using the SEES were significantly lower with HIIE and both psychological distress and fatigue scores were significantly higher with HIIE. The results showed that affective responses with MICE were more positive than with HIIE, but no differences were found between normal and overweight/obese women. Based on these results, MICE may be a more acceptable exercise program for inactive women regardless of their weight status.
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Gillespie, Stephanie, Jacqueline Laures-Gore, Elliot Moore, Matthew Farina, Scott Russell, and Benjamin Haaland. "Identification of Affective State Change in Adults With Aphasia Using Speech Acoustics." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 61, no. 12 (December 10, 2018): 2906–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_jslhr-s-17-0057.
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Purpose The current study aimed to identify objective acoustic measures related to affective state change in the speech of adults with post-stroke aphasia. Method The speech of 20 post-stroke adults with aphasia was recorded during picture description and administration of the Western Aphasia Battery–Revised (Kertesz, 2006). In addition, participants completed the Self-Assessment Manikin (Bradley & Lang, 1994) and the Stress Scale (Tobii Dynavox, 1981–2016) before and after the language tasks. Speech from each participant was used to detect a change in affective state test scores between the beginning and ending speech. Results Machine learning revealed moderate success in classifying depression, minimal success in predicting depression and stress numeric scores, and minimal success in classifying changes in affective state class between the beginning and ending speech. Conclusions The results suggest the existence of objectively measurable aspects of speech that may be used to identify changes in acute affect from adults with aphasia. This work is exploratory and hypothesis-generating; more work will be needed to make conclusive claims. Further work in this area could lead to automated tools to assist clinicians with their diagnoses of stress, depression, and other forms of affect in adults with aphasia.
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Tsonos, Dimitrios, and Georgios Kouroupetroglou. "Modeling Reader's Emotional State Response on Document's Typographic Elements." Advances in Human-Computer Interaction 2011 (2011): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/206983.
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We present the results of an experimental study towards modeling the reader's emotional state variations induced by the typographic elements in electronic documents. Based on the dimensional theory of emotions we investigate how typographic elements, like font style (bold, italics, bold-italics) and font (type, size, color and background color), affect the reader's emotional states, namely, Pleasure, Arousal, and Dominance (PAD). An experimental procedure was implemented conforming to International Affective Picture System guidelines and incorporating the Self-Assessment Manikin test. Thirty students participated in the experiment. The stimulus was a short paragraph of text for which any content, emotion, and/or domain dependent information was excluded. The Analysis of Variance revealed the dependency of (a) all the three emotional dimensions on font size and font/background color combinations and (b) the Pleasure dimension on font type and font style. We introduce a set of mapping rules showing how PAD vary on the discrete values of font style and font type elements. Moreover, we introduce a set of equations describing the PAD dimensions' dependency on font size. This novel model can contribute to the automated reader's emotional state extraction in order, for example, to enhance the acoustic rendition of the documents, utilizing text-to-speech synthesis.
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Starcke, Katrin, Johanna Mayr, and Richard von Georgi. "Emotion Modulation through Music after Sadness Induction—The Iso Principle in a Controlled Experimental Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 23 (November 26, 2021): 12486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312486.
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Music therapy intervention manuals suggest that individuals who suffer from affective disorders benefit from listening to music according to the iso principle. The iso principle comprises listening to music that matches the current mood of patients at first, and then to gradually shift to music that represents a desired mood. Within the current study, we investigate whether the sequence of music with different emotional valence can modulate the emotional state. All participants were healthy adults who underwent a sadness induction via a movie clip. They were subsequently divided into four experimental groups. Each was asked to listen to two pieces of music according to a specific sequence: sad-sad; sad-happy; happy-happy; happy-sad. Participants were prompt to rate their current emotional state at different stages of the experiment: prior to and after the movie clip, as well as after each of the two pieces of music. The frame used for the assessment was the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Self-Assessment Manikin. The results indicate that the movie clip induced sadness. The group of participants who listened to the sad music first and the happy music afterwards ultimately reported a higher positive affect, a higher emotional valence, and a lower negative affect compared with the other groups. However, not all the between-group differences reached significance. We conclude that the sequence of music with different emotional valence affects the current emotional state. The results are generally in line with the iso principle. Directions for future research are presented.
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Lü, Jia, Dongsheng Chen, and Yue Sui. "Event-related potentials technique using in affective fashion design." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 28, no. 1 (March 7, 2016): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-09-2014-0110.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to utilize the spontaneous brain potentials as an index to quantifying the consumers’ inner emotions, and propose an objective method to obtain the clothing recognitions of consumers by only monitoring brain activities. Design/methodology/approach – Different styles of men’s casual jacket were studied as a case. The research included four phases: first, stimuli samples were constructed by clustering algorithm. Second, self-report for the perception of stimuli samples were recorded by self-assessment manikin. Third, real-time brain potentials while viewing stimuli samples were recorded and analyzed. Finally, the output data were compared with the classical research achievements of visual evoked emotional ERPs to examine the effectiveness. Findings – The results indicated significant difference in main effect of different emotional categories which was identified a corresponding relationship between the emotional trigger and the emotional reaction, of which the early components were the typical components that provided the major physiology characteristics for emotional fashion design. The middle components could be used as the assist reference indexes. The negative stimuli were first noticed because its shorter processing times and larger amplitudes. The comparison confirmed that the proposed method was capable of quantifying cognitive activities of consumers by only monitoring brain activities and then transferred the analyzed data to the design references. Originality/value – The results quantifying the qualities of consumers’ emotional preference for men’ casual jackets based on the neural mechanism of human brain, which could eliminate the systematic biases associated with the uses of words and semantic comprehension in self-report methods. The proposed method may help to enrich and complete the sentimental fashion design for the cognitive experience of consumer oriented. Moreover, it also could be beneficial to optimize design process and improve efficiency and core competitiveness for clothing producers.
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Porto, Weyler Galvão, Paulo Bertolucci, Rafaela Larsen Ribeiro, and Orlando Francisco Amodeo Bueno. "Um estudo dos relatos afetivos subjetivos a estímulos do International Affective Picture System em uma amostra geriátrica brasileira." Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul 30, no. 2 (August 2008): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81082008000300009.
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INTRODUÇÃO: A literatura científica indica a possibilidade de a percepção da emoção e a formação da memória emocional serem discordantes entre jovens e idosos. A mesma é pobre ao explorar essa possibilidade. Neste estudo, relatamos os resultados obtidos em um experimento-piloto com uma amostra de idosos brasileiros, que classificaram subjetivamente, através da escala Self Assessment Manikin, imagens oriundas do International Affective Picture System. MÉTODO: Quarenta e oito idosos voluntários da Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade, saudáveis clínica e cognitivamente, avaliaram o caráter alertante e a valência afetiva de 71 imagens do International Affective Picture System, aleatoriamente escolhidas. RESULTADOS: O grau de alerta reportado por idosos diante de um estímulo emocional é tanto maior quanto menor o prazer provocado por essa imagem-estímulo, resultando na existência de uma forte correlação negativa (r = 0,93) entre o grau de alerta e o estímulo desprazeroso. Em uma comparação do acima obtido com outro experimento normativo semelhante feito com jovens brasileiros e americanos, apontou-se para uma possível diferença cultural na forma de relatar subjetivamente um estímulo emocional. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados obtidos com esta amostra estudada sugerem que pode existir uma diferença nos relatos afetivos entre os jovens e idosos, onde uma normatização do International Affective Picture System para uma amostra maior, representativa da população de idosos, seria útil para responder esta questão.
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Sánchez-Reolid, Roberto, Arturo García, Miguel Vicente-Querol, Luz Fernández-Aguilar, María López, and Antonio González. "Artificial Neural Networks to Assess Emotional States from Brain-Computer Interface." Electronics 7, no. 12 (December 3, 2018): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7120384.
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Estimation of human emotions plays an important role in the development of modern brain-computer interface devices like the Emotiv EPOC+ headset. In this paper, we present an experiment to assess the classification accuracy of the emotional states provided by the headset’s application programming interface (API). In this experiment, several sets of images selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) dataset are shown to sixteen participants wearing the headset. Firstly, the participants’ responses in form of a self-assessment manikin questionnaire to the emotions elicited are compared with the validated IAPS predefined valence, arousal and dominance values. After statistically demonstrating that the responses are highly correlated with the IAPS values, several artificial neural networks (ANNs) based on the multilayer perceptron architecture are tested to calculate the classification accuracy of the Emotiv EPOC+ API emotional outcomes. The best result is obtained for an ANN configuration with three hidden layers, and 30, 8 and 3 neurons for layers 1, 2 and 3, respectively. This configuration offers 85% classification accuracy, which means that the emotional estimation provided by the headset can be used with high confidence in real-time applications that are based on users’ emotional states. Thus the emotional states given by the headset’s API may be used with no further processing of the electroencephalogram signals acquired from the scalp, which would add a level of difficulty.
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Vergueiro, Paola Vieitas, Liliana Liviano Wahba, Adriana Bastos Conforto, Maria Lucia Hage Masini, and Simone Freitas Fuso. "Um estudo do processo expressivo de afásicos sob enfoque da psicologia junguiana." Acta Fisiátrica 20, no. 3 (September 9, 2013): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2317-0190.v20i3a103780.
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Este artigo descreve uma pesquisa exploratória em que se aplica técnica expressiva plástica a afásicos de expressão, vítimas de acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico (AVCI) no hemisfério esquerdo. Objetivo: Investigar os resultados da intervenção realizando estudos de caso com base no método clínico e análise qualitativa, com enfoque teórico da psicologia junguiana. Método: Utiliza testes antes e depois da intervenção, como critério externo: a técnica projetiva HTP - House-Tree-Person, aponta mudanças de personalidade condizentes com as observadas no processo; o teste de percepção emocional International Affective Picture System - IAPS, e seu sistema de registro de respostas Self-Assessment Manikin - SAM, auxilia a lançar hipóteses sobre a transformação emocional dos participantes; o European Brain Injury Questionnaire - EBIQ, fornece substratos para discutir a transformação da visão dos sujeitos sobre seus próprios problemas. Mediante o método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo identifica etapas do processo expressivo com conteúdos comuns ao grupo atendido. Resultados: Os resultados dos estudos de caso, do DSC e dos instrumentos de avaliação revelam que, ao final, os participantes, sem exceção, mostraram-se fortalecidos, mais próximos da sua própria realidade e enriquecidos no contato consigo mesmos e com o mundo externo. Conclusão: Os instrumentos de avaliação o confirmam, assinalando o valor terapêutico da técnica proposta e sugerindo que esta forma de intervenção pode ser útil no processo de reabilitação de afásicos.
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Lin, Hamid, Shepherd, Kantono, and Spence. "Environmental Sounds Influence the Multisensory Perception of Chocolate Gelati." Foods 8, no. 4 (April 15, 2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8040124.
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Recently, it has been shown that various auditory stimuli modulate flavour perception. The present study attempts to understand the effects of environmental sounds (park, food court, fast food restaurant, cafe, and bar sounds) on the perception of chocolate gelato (specifically, sweet, bitter, milky, creamy, cocoa, roasted, and vanilla notes) using the Temporal Check-All-That-Apply (TCATA) method. Additionally, affective ratings of the auditory stimuli were obtained using the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) in terms of their valence, arousal, and dominance. In total, 58 panellists rated the sounds and chocolate gelato in a sensory laboratory. The results revealed that bitterness, roasted, and cocoa notes were more evident when the bar, fast food, and food court sounds were played. Meanwhile, sweetness was cited more in the early mastication period when listening to park and café sounds. The park sound was significantly higher in valence, while the bar sound was significantly higher in arousal. Dominance was significantly higher for the fast food restaurant, food court, and bar sound conditions. Intriguingly, the valence evoked by the pleasant park sound was positively correlated with the sweetness of the gelato. Meanwhile, the arousal associated with bar sounds was positively correlated with bitterness, roasted, and cocoa attributes. Taken together, these results clearly demonstrate that people’s perception of the flavour of gelato varied with the different real-world sounds used in this study.
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Mina, Leonel, Liliana Bakker, Josefina Rubiales, and Nicolas Funes. "Procesamiento emocional en niños y adolescentes según sexo." CES Psicología 15, no. 1 (February 3, 2022): 96–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.21615/cesp.5927.
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Objetivo: analizar el procesamiento emocional en niños, niñas y adolescentes argentinos de edad escolar según sexo. Método: estudio descriptivo-comparativo con un diseño ex post facto, transversal. Participaron en la investigación 67 mujeres y 74 varones escolarizados de entre 7 y 14 años dividido en tres franjas etarias. Para evaluar el procesamiento emocional se utilizaron las 60 imágenes específicas para niños y adolescentes del International Affective Picture System (IAPS), y para medir los juicios evaluativos se utilizó el Self Assessment Manikin (SAM). Resultados: la distribución de las imágenes muestra una correlación moderada negativa entre dos dimensiones afectivas básicas del procesamiento emocional, la valencia afectiva y la activación fisiológica, con valores similares en ambos sexos. Las mujeres puntuaron más bajo que los varones en valencia y arousal, aunque sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Los varones evaluaron los estímulos aversivos con menor grado de activación y los estímulos agradables con mayor activación. En general, se observa mayor agrupamiento de las imágenes desagradables y neutras en las mujeres respecto de las de los varones. Conclusión: en ambos sexos se presentó una relación inversa entre valencia y arousal, evidenciada en mayor activación ante imágenes desagradables, lo cual demostraría una tendencia evitativa cuando los niveles de arousal son elevados. Las mujeres reaccionaron a las imágenes desagradables con mayor intensidad mientras que los varones, valoraron las imágenes agradables con mayor intensidad.
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Vizcaino, E. J. V., M. M. Mayor, I. M. Gras, G. P. Alfaro, M. Á. J. Arriero, and G. R. Valladolid. "Attentional bias and pathological gambling. Validation of gambling-related pictures for the development of a dot-probe task." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71832-6.
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BackgroundThere is a growing trend to consider pathological gambling (PG) as an addictive behavior. Attentional bias (AB) occurs when the attentional channeling is directed towards emotionally valued stimuli despite an individual's effort to ignore them. This paradigm has been widely used to assess other addictions such as alcoholism and cocaine misuse. AB has been assessed in PG using the modified Stroop procedure. Despite that, to date, other procedures such as the dot-probe task have not been used.ObjectiveTo develop a dot-probe task to assess AB in PG.MethodsWe selected 38 gambling-related pictures that were validated using the Self-Assessment Manikin Visual Analogical Scale (SAM-VAS). This scale measures the pleasure, arousal, and dominance associated with a person's affective reaction to a wide variety of stimuli. We applied the scale to 20 subjects who met DSM-IV criteria for PG and to 20 matched control subjects.ResultsFrom 38 preselected pictures, 25 had an affective valence and enough intensity to be selected for the subsequent development of the dot-probe task.ConclusionsTo date, the modified Stroop procedure has been the only task carried out to assess AB in gamblers. These gambling-related pictures will be used to develop a dot-probe task to assess AB in pathological gamblers. In addition, we will assess the Eye movement task and Event-related Potentials, as direct measures of AB.
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Zamani, N. "Is international affective picture system (IAPS) appropriate for using in Iranian culture, comparing to the original normative rating based on a North American sample." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.2257.
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BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that cultural context has an influence on emotion and cognition. In this study the emotional response to international affective picture system (IAPS) was compared between Iranians and normative ratings of Americans young adults.MethodOne hundred and thirty eight Iranian university students (85 women, 48 men) age 18 to 52 (average= 31, SD = 7.76) enrolled in the study. Participants’ emotional response to IAPS images were rated in three dimensions (valence, arousal, dominance) using self-assessment Manikin (SAM) system. Then, valence, arousal, dominance scores were compared to those of 100 American undergraduates (50 females, 50 males) of the same age group, enrolled at Florida university and surveyed by Prof. PJ Lang in 2008.ResultOur results indicate that there is complete correlation between the mean ratings of valence, arousal and dominance between Iranian and American participants. Also the results showed similarities in valence ratings, but arousal ratings especially in female participants were different. The relationship between arousal and valence showed a similar boomerang shaped distribution seen with the North American sample. Iranian sample showed positively offset and negative bias comparable to the American counterparts.ConclusionThe results are promising in the sense that IAPS images can be used in studies within Iranian cultural context. However, arousal values require a modification for their proper application in Iranian cultural context.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
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Jin, Ziliang, Jiangping Wang, and Xu Liu. "Attention and Emotion Recovery Effects of Urban Parks during COVID-19—Psychological Symptoms as Moderators." Forests 13, no. 12 (November 25, 2022): 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13122001.
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Previous research that compared the restorative effects of natural settings with poor-quality urban settings may have exaggerated the restorative benefits of greenspace. Few studies have been conducted to examine the restorative benefits of green streets and other types of park landscapes on attention and emotion. In addition, it is not clear how negative psychological symptoms (e.g., stress, depression) affect natural’s restorative benefits, especially as the current COVID-19 pandemic has added to people’s psychological burden. In this study, 125 participants were randomly assigned to view one of five videos (green street, lawn, plaza, forest, waterside) for a break after completing an emotion and attention fatigue induction task. Attention function and emotion were measured using the backward digit span test and the Self-Assessment Manikin scale. Stress and depressive symptoms experienced over the last month were measured using the Perceived Stress Scale(PSS-10) and the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9). Our results indicate that the four park settings showed significant attention function recovery and valence improvement compared to the green streets, while subjects’ arousal changed only over time. Hardscapes (plazas) could provide the same attentional and emotional restorative benefits as natural landscapes (forests, watersides, lawns). In addition, we also found that the mood-improving benefits of natural environments may decrease with increasing depressive symptoms, although chronic stress symptoms did not show the same trend.