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Journal articles on the topic 'Self-determination, national – united states'

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Published: 25 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Koivurova, Timo. "Sovereign States and Self-Determining Peoples: Carving Out a Place for Transnational Indigenous Peoples in a World of Sovereign States." International Community Law Review 12, no. 2 (2010): 191–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187197310x498598.

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AbstractEven though self-determination of peoples has an esteemed place in international law, it seems fairly clear that peoples divided by international borders have difficulty in exercising their right to self-determination. It is thus interesting to examine whether general international law places constraints on trans-national peoples’ right to self-determination. Of particular interest in this article is to examine whether indigenous peoples divided by international borders have a right to self-determination, given the recent adoption of the 2007 United Nations Declaration on the Rights of

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Kiste, Robert C. "National Security and Self-Determination: United States Policy in Micronesia (1961-1972) (review)." Contemporary Pacific 13, no. 2 (2001): 587–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2001.0058.

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Shen, Yun-Ching. "The Formosan Christians for Self-Determination Movement: a Case Study of Overseas Taiwanese Christian Political Activism in the 1970s." Exchange 53, no. 3 (2024): 233–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-bja10074.

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Abstract In the 1970s, four overseas Taiwanese Christians launched the “Formosan Christians for Self-Determination Movement” (FCSDM) in the United States to promote the self-determination of the people of Taiwan. This article draws on three policy documents released by the FCSDM to argue that these Christians apparently embedded the Christian understanding of human rights within the secular political discourse of self-determination and sovereignty. In so doing, they strove to appeal to people from a broader spectrum of religious and national backgrounds rather than merely addressing Taiwanese

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ZHANG, Muchu. "“Passionate Protest”:The Value Choice of Chinese Students Studying in the United States to“Resist Japanese Goods” under the“Shandong Issue”." Theory and Practice of Chinese Pedagogy 2, no. 1 (2023): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.48014/tpcp.20230206001.

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After the failure of China's negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919, a fierce national consciousness quickly spread to the entire intellectual community, especially among Chinese students in the United States, who remained intensely national even though they were on the other side of the ocean. Under the stimulation of domestic and foreign difficulties, the call for national salvation is increasingly rising, and the connection between“scholar” and“national salvation” has become close, and many students consciously take the mission of national salvation to themselves. Students in th

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Brady, Maggie. "Alcohol Policy Issues for Indigenous People in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand." Contemporary Drug Problems 27, no. 3 (2000): 435–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009145090002700304.

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This paper reviews the literature on alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems, and national and local policy issues for indigenous people in four developed countries (United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand). The growth of domestic self-determination and self-management policies within these countries has had an impact on the relationships between these groups and their national governments, which raises a number of questions regarding the influence of national alcohol policies on indigenous citizens. National “native” policies as well as discriminatory alcohol prohibitions have

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Romanov, Vladimir. "The United States and National Self-Determination of Minorities in the ‘Russian Space,’ 1914–1920." ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS APULENSIS. SERIES HISTORICA 23, no. 1 (2019): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/auash.2019.23.1.5.

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Rao, K. V., and Alfred Demaris. "Coital frequency among married and cohabiting couples in the United States." Journal of Biosocial Science 27, no. 2 (1995): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000022653.

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SummaryCoital frequency is studied among couples as a function of marital or cohabiting status, relationship duration, number of children, religious affiliation, income, education, fertility intentions, age, race, self-assessed health, time spent in work, and perceived relationship quality. Data are from the 1987–88 National Survey of Families and Households. Predictors of coital frequency that were stable across several analyses were male's and female's ages, the duration of the relationship, and the male partner's self-assessed health. When the discrepancy in partners' reports was adjusted,

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Aiyub Kadir, M. Yakub. "Reconstructing Economic Self-Determination from the Third World Approach to International Law." Padjadjaran Journal of International Law 7, no. 1 (2023): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.23920/pjil.v7i1.1103.

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International Law governing the relationship between states has been considered failed in reformatting the principle of economic self-determination (ESD) as a continual link of political self-determination in the post decolonisation era. Such situation has placed the principle to be a vague concept in terms of its meaning and application in current international law. Such situation has contributed to continual economic dependency of the Third World (TW) states on the first world as considered the more developed states. TW states face difficulty to develop their argument to demonstrate people n

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Kagramanov, A. K. "The Unity and Struggle of Opposites in Concepts of the Right of Nations to Self-Determination Developed by V.I. Lenin and V. Wilson." Actual Problems of Russian Law 19, no. 6 (2024): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2024.163.6.167-176.

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The paper deals with the conflict between the concepts of self-determination stated by V.I. Lenin and V. Wilson, which determined the formation of a new world order from the beginning of the 20th century until the end of the Second World War, which is based on the political and legal idea of self-determination.In 1914, Vladimir Lenin put forward the concept of self-determination in the article «On the right of nations to self-determination», which was dedicated to the confrontation between the «oppressive» and «oppressed» nation with the right to secede the latter and «form a national state».

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Gehrig, Sebastian. "Dividing the Indivisible: Cold War Sovereignty, National Division, and the German Question at the United Nations." Central European History 55, no. 1 (2022): 70–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938921001771.

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AbstractDivided Germany became one of the focal points for international disputes over sovereignty in the late 1960s and early seventies. In a period that is commonly associated with West German Ostpolitik and the diplomatic recognition of German division, the international community disputed how the sovereignty of “divided nations” should be framed under international law. The German-German battle over the terms of détente unfolded within these politics of sovereignty surrounding conflicts over “national divisions” along Cold War front lines as well as the simultaneous confrontations over pos

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Charles, Guy-Uriel, and Luis Fuentes-Rohwer. "No Voice, No Exit, But Loyalty? Puerto Rico and Constitutional Obligation." Michigan Journal of Race & Law, no. 26.0 (2021): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.36643/mjrl.26.sp.no.

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The Michigan Law Review is honored to have supported Professors Charles and Fuentes-Rohwer's Essay on the subjugated status of Puerto Rico as an "unincorporated territory." This Essay contextualizes Puerto Rico not as an anomalous colonial vestige but as fundamentally a part of the United States' ongoing commitment to racial economic domination. We are thrilled to highlight this work, which indicts our constitutional complacence with the second-class status of Puerto Rican citizens and demands a national commitment to self-determination for Puerto Rico.

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Willgerodt, Mayumi A., Douglas M. Brock, and Erin D. Maughan. "Public School Nursing Practice in the United States." Journal of School Nursing 34, no. 3 (2018): 232–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840517752456.

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School nursing practice has changed dramatically over the past 20 years, yet few nationally representative investigations describing the school nursing workforce have been conducted. The National School Nurse Workforce Study describes the demographic and school nursing practice patterns among self-reported public school nurses and the number and full-time equivalent (FTE) positions of all school nurses in the United States. Using a random sample stratified by public/private, region, school level, and urban/rural status from two large national data sets, we report on weighted survey responses o

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Burke, Adam, and Autumn Gonzalez. "Growing Interest in Meditation in the United States." Biofeedback 39, no. 2 (2011): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-39.2.09.

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Meditation is a self-regulatory, mind-body process used to help engage attention and awareness, and to produce a state of inner quiescence. It has been used as a self-transformative practice for millennia, most notably in the Far East. Interest in meditation was evident in the United States in the late 19th century, and began to flourish during the early 1960s as Transcendental Meditation, Zen, and other traditions grew significantly in popularity. Over the ensuing decades a large body of scientific literature has also emerged. One factor contributing to this growth in publications is an incre

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Jeffries, Bayyinah S. "Prioritizing Black Self-Determination: The Last Strident Voice of Twentieth-Century Black Nationalism." Genealogy 4, no. 4 (2020): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy4040110.

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Black self-determination, like the movement for civil rights, has long been a struggle on both the national and international stage. From the Black consciousness campaign of South Africa to the Black Power crusades of the United States and Caribbean, and the recent global affirmations of Black Lives Matter, Black nationalist ideology and desires for equity and independence seem ever more significant. While marginal characteristics of Black nationalism clearly persist in the calls for justice and equality, only one voice of twentieth-century Black nationalism remains committed to the full dimen

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Altman, Claire E., Jennifer Van Hook, and Jonathan Gonzalez. "Becoming Overweight without Gaining a Pound: Weight Evaluations and the Social Integration of Mexicans in the United States." International Migration Review 51, no. 1 (2017): 3–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imre.12220.

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Mexican women gain weight with increasing duration in the United States. In the United States, body dissatisfaction tends to be associated with depression, disordered eating, and incongruent weight evaluations, particularly among white women and women of higher socioeconomic status. However, it remains unclear how being overweight and obesity are interpreted by Mexican women. Using comparable data of women aged 20–64 from both Mexico (the 2006 Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutricion; N = 17,012) and the United States (the 1999–2009 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys; N = 8,487),

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Zou, Lixing, and Xinyue Zou. "Nationalism in Globalization." World Journal of Social Science Research 10, no. 2 (2023): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjssr.v10n2p1.

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This paper, following the method of systematic balanced thinking, studies nationalism and nation-states amidst globalization, proposing the following main points: First, moving to the center of the world stage, we should correctly understand nationalism and nation-states, and represent the moral, theoretical and technological commanding heights. Second, nationalism is a double-edged sword, the national liberation movement in history was essentially a movement against imperialism, extreme nationalism is the root of world turmoil, and national self-determination and national independence movemen

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Katzenstein, Peter J. "Same War—Different Views: Germany, Japan, and Counterterrorism." International Organization 57, no. 4 (2003): 731–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818303574033.

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AbstractGerman and Japanese counterterrorism policies differ from those adopted by the United States as well as from one another. Defeated in war, occupied, and partially remade during the Cold War, Germany and Japan became clients of the United States first, then close allies. Both countries offer easy tests to explore the extent to which the United States can hope to fight the war against terrorism, as it did the Cold War, supported by a broad coalition of like-minded states. On this central point the article's conclusion is not reassuring. In contrast to the Cold War, the relative importanc

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Schirm, Stefan A. "Globalisation, Divided Societies and Nation-Centred Economic Policies in America and Britain." European Review of International Studies 9, no. 2 (2022): 240–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21967415-09020008.

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Abstract A stronger emphasis on domestic politics and national sovereignty has recently shaped international economic relations, for instance, in the United Kingdom and the United States. This trend weakened the liberal international economic order (lio) with its promotion of globalisation and multilateralism. Why have the UK and the US, which formerly spearheaded the liberal order, embraced nation-centred foreign economic policies (ncp) under the Trump and Johnson governments? I argue that domestic forces predominantly drove this shift, since a political de facto alignment of value-based soci

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Nishida, Kitarō. "The Principle of the New World Order." Geopolítica(s). Revista de estudios sobre espacio y poder 10, no. 2 (2019): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/geop.66402.

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The First World War created no other principles for world formation than an abstract notion of national self-determination. Such an abstract notion could not solve the historical challenges the world faced, of which the outbreak of the Second World War provided evidence. Each state/nation must realize its world-historical mission to construct the world-historical world in which states/nations would be united to form ‘a global world (sekai-teki sekai)’ while maintaining their own historical uniqueness. For such historically unique entities to be united into the whole without losing their unique

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Tenove, Chris. "Protecting Democracy from Disinformation: Normative Threats and Policy Responses." International Journal of Press/Politics 25, no. 3 (2020): 517–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940161220918740.

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Following public revelations of interference in the United States 2016 election, there has been widespread concern that online disinformation poses a serious threat to democracy. Governments have responded with a wide range of policies. However, there is little clarity in elite policy debates or academic literature about what it actually means for disinformation to endanger democracy, and how different policies might protect it. This article proposes that policies to address disinformation seek to defend three important normative goods of democratic systems: self-determination, accountable rep

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Franck, Thomas M. "What Happens Now? The United Nations After Iraq." American Journal of International Law 97, no. 3 (2003): 607–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3109846.

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Thirty-three years ago I published an article in this Journal entitled Who Killed Article 2 (4)? or: Changing Norms Governing the Use of Force by States, which examined the phenomenon of increasingly frequent resort to unlawful force by Britain, France, India, North Korea, the Soviet Union, and the United States. The essay concluded with this sad observation:The failure of the U.N. Charter's normative system is tantamount to the inability of any rule, such as that set out in Article 2(4), in itself to have much control over the behavior of states. National self-interest, particularly the natio

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Camargo, Alexandra, Krislyn M. Boggs, Marc Auerbach, et al. "National Study of Self‐reported Pediatric Areas in United States General Emergency Departments." Academic Emergency Medicine 25, no. 12 (2018): 1458–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acem.13633.

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Landes, Scott D., and Andrew S. London. "Self-Reported ADHD and Adult Health in the United States." Journal of Attention Disorders 25, no. 1 (2018): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054718757648.

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Objective: Informed by a social determinants of health framework, we investigate the relationship between self-reported ADHD diagnosis status and adult health, and whether observed associations are attenuated by biomedical and socioeconomic factors. Method: Using 2007 National Health Interview Survey data ( N = 19,104), we present multivariate logistic regression analyses of associations between self-reported ADHD diagnosis status and five adult health outcomes. Results: ADHD diagnosis was significantly associated with higher odds of injury, physical health conditions, functional limitations,

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Ewing, Cindy. "The “Fate of Minorities” in the Early Afro-Asian Struggle for Decolonization." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 41, no. 3 (2021): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-9407858.

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Abstract This article explores the significance of minority rights to postcolonial internationalism by examining an emerging Afro-Asian collective at the United Nations in the late 1940s. As postcolonial nations became UN member-states, they fostered transnational solidarity through the Arab-Asian group, a predecessor of the Afro-Asian bloc, and constructed an anti-imperial project that directly engaged with the making of the new international human rights system. However, the Arab-Asian group did not advance minority rights in their struggle for decolonization at the UN. Instead, they favored

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YANG, Joonseok. "Song Chin-woo’s Perception of the International Landscape and Thoughts on State Building." Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 44, no. 10 (2022): 451–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2022.10.44.10.451.

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Song Chin-woo(宋鎭禹) learned the advanced ideas of the West while studying in Japan and laid the foundation for national self-reliance based on nationalism. During the March 1st Movement in 1919, Song Chin-woo adhered to Wilson’s principle of national self-determination, but independence from the United States and the West failed. Nevertheless, Song Chin-woo focused on self-reliance and independence in the 1920s and was wary of the American and Western order, simultaneously seizing that order’s legitimacy. Song Chin-woo maintained a confrontational stance toward the Soviet Union and communism bu

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Heiss, Mary Ann. "Exposing “Red Colonialism”: U.S. Propaganda at the United Nations, 1953–1963." Journal of Cold War Studies 17, no. 3 (2015): 82–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00562.

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In the 1950s and early 1960s, the United States sought to challenge the Soviet Union's credibility as a champion of decolonization by casting Soviet control of Central Asia, the Baltic republics, and Eastern Europe in imperial terms, or what U.S. officials came to call “Red Colonialism.” Waged in large measure at the United Nations (UN) and other international forums, the Red Colonialism campaign sought to contrast the evolutionary nature of Western colonialism with the seeming permanence of Soviet domination. The campaign underscored the U.S. government's preoccupation with the Soviet threat

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Sarantakes, Nicholas Evan. "The Teahouse Tempest." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 21, no. 2 (2014): 156–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-02102005.

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The United States occupied the Japanese island of Okinawa as a colony in everything but name for twenty-seven years after World War II ended in August 1945. This action ran counter to the avowed U.S. foreign policy principle of self-determination. Novelist Vern Sneider, a former U.S. Army civil affairs officer who had been stationed on the island during the postwar years, was a critic of the occupation. For that reason he chose to use his first novel The Teahouse of the August Moon, published in 1951, to offer a critique of policies that he believed were ethnocentric and counterproductive to U

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Hurlbut, J. Benjamin, Ingrid Metzler, Luca Marelli, and Sheila Jasanoff. "Bioconstitutional Imaginaries and the Comparative Politics of Genetic Self-knowledge." Science, Technology, & Human Values 45, no. 6 (2020): 1087–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0162243920921246.

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Genetic testing has become a vehicle through which basic constitutional relationships between citizens and the state are revisited, reaffirmed, or rearticulated. The interplay between the is of genetic knowledge and the ought of government unfolds in the context of diverse imaginaries of the forms of human well-being, freedom, and flourishing that states have a duty to support. This article examines how the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United States governed testing for Alzheimer’s disease, and how they diverged in defining potential harms, benefits, and objects of regulation. Comparison b

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Azofeifa, Alejandro, Rosalie L. Pacula, and Margaret E. Mattson. "Cannabis Growers in the United States: Findings From a National Household Survey 2010−2014." Journal of Drug Issues 51, no. 3 (2021): 518–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220426211000457.

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Given the rapidly changing U.S. cannabis legislation landscape, the aim of this article is to describe individuals who self-reported growing cannabis in the past year by selected characteristics and geographical location. Using data from 2010 to 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, we conducted bivariate chi-square tests and ran a multivariable logistic regression model to examine the indicators associated with growing cannabis. Approximately, 484,000 individuals aged 12+ self-reported growing cannabis in the past year (1.6% of marijuana users). Predictors of growing cannabis included

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Hassan, Salah. "The Sudan National Democratic Alliance (NDA): The Quest for Peace, Unity and Democracy." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 21, no. 1-2 (1993): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700501607.

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Sudan is a typical case of many postcolonial nation-states in Africa characterized by multiethnic, multicultural and multi-religious societies. It is an example of a pluralistic society formed by people who have differences in their sense of belonging and national identity. As in other African countries, the Sudanese situation is caused to a large extent by inequalities in power sharing and access to wealth and unequal development opportunities. In Sudan, the outcome has been a constant crisis of governance, civil war, ethnic genocide, famine and other man-made disasters which have crippled th

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Taufiq, Firmanda. "The Future of Turkey - United States Relations." Jurnal ICMES 2, no. 2 (2018): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35748/jurnalicmes.v2i2.24.

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Throughout 2018, relations between Turkey and the United States seemed to deteriorate. The leaders of the two countries issued sharp diplomatic statements and the US even imposed economic sanctions on Turkey. This article aims to analyze how the future of relations between Turkey and the United States. Cooperation between the two has a long historical side after the Cold War. Relations between the two countries are based on various interests, both economic, political, military and security interests. The theory used in this study is the theory of national interest. The US has great interests i

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Smeeding, Timothy. "Poor People in Rich Nations: The United States in Comparative Perspective." Journal of Economic Perspectives 20, no. 1 (2006): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/089533006776526094.

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Cross-national comparisons can teach lessons about antipoverty policy. While all nations value low poverty, high levels of economic self-reliance and equality of opportunity for younger persons, they differ dramatically in the extent to which they reach these goals. Nations also exhibit differences in the extent to which working age adults mix economic self-reliance (earned incomes), family support and government support to avoid poverty. We begin by reviewing international concepts and measures of poverty. The Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) database contains the information needed to construct

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Romanov, V. V. "The US liberal political and academic establishment on national-territorial transformation of Russia in 1917–1922." Moscow University Bulletin of World Politics 14, no. 3 (2022): 163–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.48015/2076-7404-2022-14-3-163-194.

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The paper examines the evolution of approaches and assessments of the US political and academic establishment regarding the national-territorial transformation of Russia at the final stage of the First World War, during the Revolution and the Civil War. During that period the US diplomacy was focused on developing and implementing its own ambitious program for the liberal-democratic reorganization of the post-war world with particular focus on issues of national self-determination. As a result, Wilson’s administration could not remain indifferent to the dramatic changes on the territory of the

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Ahn, Jun Hyeong. "The Legality of Forcible Intervention by Invitation under International Law." Korea International Law Review 62 (June 30, 2022): 47–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25197/kilr.2022.62.47.

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As “the threat or use of force” is generally prohibited under Article 2(4) of the United Nations Charter, the principle prohibiting the use of force has been firmly established as a general principle of international law. In addition, as an exception to the principle prohibiting the use of force, it is generally recognized that the exercise of the right of self-defence against prior armed attack or the use of force under the approval of the United Nations Security Council is exceptionally permitted. Nevertheless, in order to justify the use of force in the international community, States have

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Simonsson, Otto, Maryanne Martin, and Stephen Fisher. "Sociodemographic Characteristics and Health Status of Mindfulness Users in the United States." Mindfulness 11, no. 12 (2020): 2725–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01486-4.

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Abstract Objectives The aims of the present study are to provide population estimates for the prevalence of mindfulness use in the United States and to identify which groups are more likely to self-report mindfulness use. Methods Using data from the 2017 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), the current study analyzed 26,742 responses from adults in the United States and estimated patterns in the likelihood of self-reported mindfulness use across groups using logistic regression models. Results The results suggest that 5% of adults in the United States in 2017 had used mindfulness over the

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Diehl, Thomas M., Daniel J. Adams, and Cade M. Nylund. "Ingesting Self-Grown Produce and Seropositivity for Hepatitis E in the United States." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2018 (July 15, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7980413.

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Background. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of hepatitis in developing and industrialized countries worldwide. The modes of HEV transmission in industrialized countries, including the United States, remain largely unknown. This study is aimed at evaluating the association between HEV seropositivity and consumption of self-grown foods in the United States. Methods. Cross-sectional data was extracted from the 2009–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Data from the dietary interview and the serum HEV IgG and IgM enzyme immunoassay test results were linked and e

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Upenieks, Laura, Steven L. Foy, and Andrew Miles. "Beyond America: Cross-national Context and the Impact of Religious Versus Secular Organizational Membership on Self-rated Health." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 4 (January 2018): 237802311879595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023118795954.

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Studies using data from the United States suggest religious organizational involvement is more beneficial for health than secular organizational involvement. Extending beyond the United States, we assess the relative impacts of religious and secular organizational involvement on self-rated health cross-nationally, accounting for national-level religious context. Analyses of data from 33 predominantly Christian countries from the 2005–2008 World Values Survey reveal that active membership in religious organizations is positively associated with self-rated health. This association’s magnitude is

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Orkin, Fredrick K., Sandra L. McGinnis, Gaetano J. Forte, et al. "United States Anesthesiologists over 50." Anesthesiology 117, no. 5 (2012): 953–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3182700c72.

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Background Anesthesiology is among the medical specialties expected to have physician shortage. With little known about older anesthesiologists' work effort and retirement decision making, the American Society of Anesthesiologists participated in a 2006 national survey of physicians aged 50-79 yr. Methods Samples of anesthesiologists and other specialists completed a survey of work activities, professional satisfaction, self-defined health and financial status, retirement plans and perspectives, and demographics. A complex survey design enabled adjustments for sampling and response-rate biases

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Tully, Stephen R. "Free Trade Agreements With The United States: 8 Lessons For Prospective Parties From Australia’s Experience." British Journal of American Legal Studies 5, no. 2 (2016): 395–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjals-2016-0014.

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Abstract This article identifies 8 key lessons for those States contemplating a free trade agreement with the United States (U.S.) arising from Australia’s experience. The standards of intellectual property protection under the Australia-U.S. Free Trade Agreement and their impact on pharmaceutical prices in Australia are a particular focus. Prospective parties must first conduct a national interest self-assessment which reviews the desired strength of intellectual property protection under national law and their preference for using flexibilities available to them under the existing internatio

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Brown, Chris. "Self-Defense in an Imperfect World." Ethics & International Affairs 17, no. 1 (2003): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.2003.tb00412.x.

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In his address at West Point on June 1, 2002, President George W. Bush appeared to be signaling America's willingness to regard the mere possession of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) by potential enemies as grounds for an anticipatory war. Historically, however, a clear distinction has been drawn between preemptive and preventive, or anticipatory, war, with the latter regarded as illegitimate. The National Security Strategy announced by the president on September 20, 2002, was more conventional in its approach to preemption, but doubts remain as to whether the old distinction can be preserve

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Choi, Eun-Kyoung, Valita Fredland, Carla Zachodni, J. Eugene Lammers, Patricia Bledsoe, and Paul R. Helft. "Brain Death Revisited: The Case for a National Standard." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 36, no. 4 (2008): 824–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2008.00340.x.

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The concept of brain death evolved because advancements in medical science permitted unprecedented artificial maintenance of vital body functions by external means. Although the concept of brain death is accepted clinically, ethically, and legally in the United States, there is no national standard for the determination of brain death. There is evidence that variability and inconsistency in the process of determining brain death exist both in clinical settings and in State statutes. Several studies demonstrate that medical personnel determine brain death in variable ways, and have variable und

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Saeed, Muhammad, Muhammad Ahsan, Anwar Ali, and Bilal Bin Liaqat. "The Role of National Power in Achieving a Balancing Foreign Policy." Journal of Social & Organizational Matters 4, no. 1 (2025): 15–25. https://doi.org/10.56976/jsom.v4i1.162.

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There has always been the influence of national power in the determination of foreign policy. Thus, when states are in the process of interacting with each other, the sufficient quantity and quality of national power is relevant to achieve of a balanced foreign policy. This article shows to dissect how the components of national power interact in countervailing foreign policy architectures, with an emphatic focus on great power and middle powers. Underpinning this study is the Realist Theory of International Relations which comprises of the Classical and Structural realism and uses the ‘‘Balan

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Francoeur, Conall, Matthew J. Weiss, Jennifer M. MacDonald, et al. "Variability in Pediatric Brain Death Determination Protocols in the United States." Neurology 97, no. 3 (2021): e310-e319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000012225.

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ObjectiveTo determine the variability in pediatric death by neurologic criteria (DNC) protocols between US pediatric institutions and compared to the 2011 DNC guidelines.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study of DNC protocols obtained from pediatric institutions in the United States via regional organ procurement organizations, protocols were evaluated across 5 domains: general DNC procedures, prerequisites, neurologic examination, apnea testing, and ancillary testing. Descriptive statistics compared protocols to each other and the 2011 guidelines.ResultsA total of 130 protocols were analyzed wi

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Akinyemi, Oluwasegun, Temitope Ogundare, Adeolu Funsho Oladunjoye, et al. "Factors associated with suicide/self-inflicted injuries among women aged 18–65 years in the United States: A 13-year retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample database." PLOS ONE 18, no. 10 (2023): e0287141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287141.

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Background Suicide is a significant cause of mortality in the United States, accounting for 14.5 deaths/100,000. Although there are data on gender disparity in suicide/self-inflicted injury rates in the United States, few studies have examined the factors associated with suicide/self-inflicted injury in females. Objective To determine factors associated with suicide/self-inflicted injuries among women aged 18–65 years in the United States. Methods Hospitalizations for suicide or self-inflicted injuries were identified using the National Inpatient Sample database from 2003–2015 using sample wei

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Roberts, Jessica, and Michael Koliska. "Comparing the use of space in selfies on Chinese Weibo and Twitter." Global Media and China 2, no. 2 (2017): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059436417709847.

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Selfies are a ubiquitous practice worldwide in which social media users create and share cultural artifacts that go beyond mere idealized or narcissistic self-presentations. As a cultural phenomenon, selfies reflect not just personal impressions but also communal values of modern life. This study analyzes the use of place in selfies as a defining visual element of self-representation in the United States and China. In particular, this research examines differences and commonalities in the places used to create meaning in selfies in the two national contexts. Our research shows that the deliber

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Nisar, Rana Danish, and Tariq Rahim. "From Make America Great Again to Make America Alone: Understanding Trump 2.0 World's Mathematics." Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. 2 (2025): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.vi-ii.25331.

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Since Donald Trump was re-elected to the White House, his 'Make America Great Again' political slogan seems to isolate the United States further from the world stage. This article answers the question of what will Donald Trump's second presidency do to America's relations with those countries that participated in the constituting of the United States of America after World War II. Trump's "America First" policy seeks nationalist foreign policy goals and gives them preference over multilateral agreements. Consequently, Trump's self-serving US foreign policy of Trumped-up American exceptionalism

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Claes, Michel, Éric Lacourse, Marc Pagé, et al. "Parental Control and Conflicts in Adolescence: A Cross-National Comparison of the United States, Canada, Mexico, France, and Italy." Journal of Family Issues 39, no. 16 (2018): 3857–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x18800123.

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This study investigated parental behavioral control, disciplinary style, and parent–youth conflicts in five countries: The United States, Canada, Mexico, France, and Italy. A self-report questionnaire was applied to 1,751 adolescents and their parents. Results indicate that, after controlling for possible confounding variables, parenting in the United States and Canada was characterized by reduced requirements and rules and a disciplinary style marked by induction and negotiation. A higher level of control, and a disciplinary approach more punitive and coercive characterized parents in Mexico

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Miller, Jay J., Erlene Grise-Owens, Larry Owens, Nada Shalash, and Molly Bode. "Self-Care Practices of Self-Identified Social Workers: Findings from a National Study." Social Work 65, no. 1 (2019): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/swz046.

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Abstract Self-care can be an important tool in assuaging professional burnout, workplace stress, vicarious or secondary trauma, and other deleterious employment circumstances. Despite this importance, few studies have examined self-care among social work practitioners. This exploratory study examined the self-care practices of self-identified social workers (N = 2,934) throughout the United States. Primary data were collected with an electronic survey. Data indicate that social workers in the sample engage in moderate self-care practices. Analyses revealed group differences in self-care by sev

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Alesina, Alberto, John Londregan, and Howard Rosenthal. "A Model of the Political Economy of the United States." American Political Science Review 87, no. 1 (1993): 12–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2938953.

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We develop and test a model of joint determination of economic growth and national election results in the United States. The formal model, which combines developments in the rational choice analysis of the behavior of economic agents and voters, leads to a system of equations in which the dependent variables are the growth rate and the vote shares in presidential and congressional elections. Our estimates support the theoretical claims that growth responds to unanticipated policy shifts and that voters use both on-year and midterm elections to balance the two parties. On the other hand, we fi

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Born, Gary. "The New York Convention: A Self-Executing Treaty." Michigan Journal of International Law, no. 40.1 (2018): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.36642/mjil.40.1.new.

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The thesis of this Article is that uncertainty regarding the Convention’s status as a self-executing treaty of the United States is unwarranted and unfortunate. Instead, both the Convention’s provisions for recognition and enforcement of arbitration agreements (in Article II) and of arbitral awards (in Articles III, IV, V, and VI) should be regarded as self-executing and directly applicable in U.S. (and other national) courts. As discussed in detail below, this is because Article II establishes mandatory, complete, and comprehensive substantive rules, directed specifically to national courts,

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