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1
Arpita Sawhney. "The Role of Self-discovery in Alice Walker’s The Color Purple." Think India 22, no. 3 (September 28, 2019): 2218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/think-india.v22i3.8695.
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Alice Walker was an American writer whose novels, short stories, and poems are noted for their insightful treatment of African American culture. Her novels, most notably The Color Purple (1982), are focused on the struggles of black people, particularly women, and their lives in a racist, sexist, and violent society. Walker’s Pulitzer prize and American Book award-winning novel, The Color Purple, marks the apex of her career. It gained international prominence, as the writer did herself. Her novels, short stories, poetry and essays are all about a search for truth. The Color Purple is unique in its pre-occupation with spiritual survival and with exploring the oppressions, insanities and triumphs of black women.
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Serpa, Luciana Labatti Teixeira. "AN INNER TRIP: WOMEN AND NATURE IN MARGARET ATWOOD’S SURFACING." Em Tese 8 (December 31, 2004): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1982-0739.8.0.139-145.
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This article studies the relationship between women and nature by analyzing nature as a possible means for women’s self-discovery in Margaret Atwood’s novel Surfacing, having as a theoretical reference notions of contemporary ecofeminist literary theory.
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Shrestha, Tara Lal, Bidhya Shrestha, and Sangeeta Lama. "Solo woman travel in Nepal: A study of Swo-Yatra." Journal of Gender, Culture and Society 1, no. 1 (September 24, 2021): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jgcs.2021.1.1.1.
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This paper, qualitative in nature, aims to explore the experience of solo woman travellers who were selected in solo travel challenge of Swo-Yatra. For the study purpose, 15 solo female travellers among 50 have been studied in terms of diverse identities, destinations and challenges they faced during their solo trips. There are several difficulties within the gender stereotypes in the Nepalese social structure. Women have not stopped travelling solo; rather, more solo women travellers are participating in the challenge. Despite various limitations, the fragments of their experiences are worthwhile to initiate the narratives of self-discovery and inner freedom of women in Nepal.
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Zahra, Momal. "Dynamics of Surveillance and Discovery of Self in Musharraf Ali Farooqi's The Story of a Widow." Journal of English Language, Literature and Education 1, no. 04 (May 18, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/jelle.2020.01049.
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This qualitative research identifies Foucault's idea of panoptical surveillance (1995) based on Jeremy Bentham's ideal prison in The Story of a Widow by Musharraf Ali Farooqi. Research draws parallel between 'panopticon' and societal surveillance which is in the form of traditions, norms, male gaze and resistance strategies and traces behaviour of characters in response to surveillance. The character of novel's protagonist – Mona is particularly analyzed through panoptic lens of theory. This study traces notion of “ideology” and “interpellation” from Althusser's essay “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses” (1971) in order to depict struggle of Mona against ideological surveillance. Social ideologies form identity of individuals and thrust their power and subjection on Mona who in turn fights for creating her own identity. The research endeavours to explore struggle of women in finding 'Self' under societal surveillance and ideologies which hail people as 'subjects'. It also aims to study whether it is possible for a woman to attain self-satisfaction by rebelling against prevailing societal notions which act as hurdle in practicing their rights or not. This research will further help to discover dynamics of power and authority for both genders and shall establish humanistic approach of gender equality. It will aid in inculcating the notion that societal surveillance should be beneficial for growth of all individuals rather than restricting the autonomy of some (women) in society which leads to social unrest.
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Fernández-Rodríguez, Carmen María. "‘The Times Have Changed’: American Self-Discovery in Pearl S. Buck’s East Wind West Wind." Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses, no. 84 (2022): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.recaesin.2022.84.05.
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East Wind West Wind registers the coming of age of Chinese women as seen with Western eyes. Buck’s novel deals with the clash of two ideologies: the Chinese tradition, which assigned a specific and very limited role to women in society and promoted submission, and the Western world, which is epitomized in multiple ways in the story. The image of 1920s American society as a liberating force is perceived in the relationship with the husband and the daughter-in-law representing alterity and sorority at the same time. Buck makes her political allegiance to the West explicit and East Wind West Wind showcases how the Western world helps the protagonist to know herself better and to accept herself.
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Aravindan, Anjely. "The Eternal Quest for Feminine Identity: An Analysis of Isabel Allende’s Daughter of Fortune." Shanlax International Journal of English 9, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/english.v9i3.3909.
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The objective of this paper is to mirror the feminine quest for freedom, self-discovery, identity, revelation and the declaration of equal status along with their male counterparts in society. Hence, it does not justify the male domination which tries to establish a right to impose their will upon the fellow-creature. Feminism is a theory that investigates the various aspects of culture which are inherently patriarchal and the unequal treatment meted out to the women in the established sections of society. Isabel Allende’s Daughter of Fortune points out the various aspects of feminism through the portrayal of the hostile atmosphere where the women strive for their eternal quest for freedom and self-identity. The paper also intends to analyze and explain the transition of a young girl into a powerful woman figure which is indicative of the inner strength and power of the living spirit which is inherited in each woman. Eliza acts as a representative who stands against the constricting forces of patriarchy. This points out the ability of the woman to come out of their cocoons to explore the world. It asserts the value of every woman’s self-identity. The paper analyses how the “quest” of Eliza turns out to be the quest of the woman folk for genuine freedom and self-identity.
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Sarnou, Dallel. "Re-thinking the Veil, Jihad and Home in Fadia Faqir’s Willow Trees Don’t Weep (2014)." Open Cultural Studies 1, no. 1 (October 26, 2017): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2017-0014.
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Abstract In her latest novel Willow Trees Don’t Weep(2014), the writer Fadia Faqir decided to go against the grain as a Muslim woman coming from the Middle East but lives in Britain and write about jihad, terrorism and Taliban. In this novel, the author negotiates meanings of secularism, fundamentalism, jihad, fathering, women and wars. The novel’s protagonist, Najwa is torn between her mother’s secularism and her father’s religious fundamentalism. In her homeland, Amman, Najwa is different from many other girls of Amman because she does not wear the headscarf that represents hijab, a religious garment, in many Muslim countries. However, when she travels to Afghanistan to trace her father, Najwa meets women wearing the burqaa, a head-to-toe veil. This might be an unexpected re-consideration of this garment as a symbol of freedom because she met veiled women who are self-determined and emancipated from within. Therefore, this article sets out to explore how the novel’s protagonist re-considers the veil, home and self-discovery.
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Zannoun K., Ghadir. "Fantasy, Mysticism, and Eroticism in Raja Alem’s Fatma." Kohl: A Journal for Body and Gender Research 2, no. 1 (November 1, 2015): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36583/kohl/1-2-9.
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This paper is a close reading of Raja Alem’s 2005 novel, Fatma: A Novel of Arabia. I argue that Alem depicts the erotic in ways similar to Audre Lorde’s definition – as a doorway to self-fulfillment and in honor of the “fullness” of the erotic’s depth of feelings. The Saudi Arabian writer employs the fantastic, which has been used by writers to express feminist politics, to give textual embodiment to the relationship between the erotic, self-actualization, and women’s empowerment, central to which is self-knowledge and self-discovery. Alem suggests that a deeper knowledge of the self can open women to unlimited possibilities of being and perception, including a closer relationship to the natural and the supernatural worlds. Alem thus presents a female mythology that creates an alternate reality and undermines the binaries of patriarchal thinking, such as the corporeal/transcendent, the human/nonhuman, man/woman, and nature/culture.
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Ph.D, Muzaffer Derya Nazlıpınar Subaşı. "The Journey of Self-Discovery and Wholeness in To the Light House: From the ‘Body for Others’ to the ‘Visionary Body’." European Journal of Language and Literature 3, no. 2 (May 19, 2017): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejls.v8i1.p153-157.
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Having been defined as an ‘incomplete man’ or an ‘incidental being’ that lacks certain qualities, women have gradually internalized the patriarchal ideology, claiming that they are essentially insufficient. Considering themselves as the insignificant ‘Other’ in relation to men, women are full of self-loathing and shame over their bodies. Thus, always seeking men’s approval, women drown out the inner voice of their bodies and resort to being ‘the body for others’. However, for Woolf, it is a self- destruction not a salvation. She claims women have to get rid of those docile bodies and disembodied minds to be able to take control of their own lives cleared from all the social constraints, society constructed gender roles and patriarchal demands. For Woolf, this is only possible when women assert themselves through their bodies, thereby realizing a new sense of being inside themselves that is powerful and autonomous ready to actualize its potential. Therefore, basing its argument on those assertions of Virginia Woolf and one of her most influential novels, To the Lighthouse, this study puts forward women’s body image largely influenced by phallocentric world and its typical patriarchal system can be challenged and subverted through the ‘visionary body’ that enables women to achieve the unique process of self-discovery and wholeness.
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Ph.D, Muzaffer Derya Nazlıpınar Subaşı. "The Journey of Self-Discovery and Wholeness in To the Light House: From the ‘Body for Others’ to the ‘Visionary Body’." European Journal of Language and Literature 8, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejls.v8i1.p153-158.
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Having been defined as an ‘incomplete man’ or an ‘incidental being’ that lacks certain qualities, women have gradually internalized the patriarchal ideology, claiming that they are essentially insufficient. Considering themselves as the insignificant ‘Other’ in relation to men, women are full of self-loathing and shame over their bodies. Thus, always seeking men’s approval, women drown out the inner voice of their bodies and resort to being ‘the body for others’. However, for Woolf, it is a self- destruction not a salvation. She claims women have to get rid of those docile bodies and disembodied minds to be able to take control of their own lives cleared from all the social constraints, society constructed gender roles and patriarchal demands. For Woolf, this is only possible when women assert themselves through their bodies, thereby realizing a new sense of being inside themselves that is powerful and autonomous ready to actualize its potential. Therefore, basing its argument on those assertions of Virginia Woolf and one of her most influential novels, To the Lighthouse, this study puts forward women’s body image largely influenced by phallocentric world and its typical patriarchal system can be challenged and subverted through the ‘visionary body’ that enables women to achieve the unique process of self-discovery and wholeness.
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Rokach, Ami, Raan Matalon, Ben Rokach, and Artem Safarov. "THE EFFECTS OF GENDER AND MARITAL STATUS ON LONELINESS OF THE AGED." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 35, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2007.35.2.243.
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This study explored the qualitative aspects of loneliness in the elderly. Eighty-nine men were compared to 239 women in the age range of 61–94. A 30-item yes/no loneliness questionnaire was utilized to compare the loneliness experience in the two samples. The questionnaire comprises 5 qualitative dimensions of loneliness, namely Emotional distress, Social inadequacy and alienation, Growth and discovery, Interpersonal isolation, and Self – alienation. Results confirmed the hypothesis that women experience loneliness significantly differently from men. Women scored significantly higher on the Growth and discovery subscale. The two groups were also compared to see whether marital status affected the experience of loneliness. Results showed a significant main effect only for men. Married men had lower subscale scores on the Interpersonal isolation subscale than did the unmarried.
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Rokach, Ami. "GIVING LIFE: LONELINESS, PREGNANCY AND MOTHERHOOD." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 32, no. 7 (January 1, 2004): 691–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2004.32.7.691.
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This study examined the qualitative aspects of loneliness that pregnant women and mothers during the first year after childbirth experience. These were compared to the loneliness of women in the general population. Ninety-one pregnant women, 97 women during the first year following childbirth, and 208 women from the general population answered a 30-item questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised five qualitative dimensions of loneliness, namely Emotional distress, Social inadequacy and alienation, Growth and discovery, Interpersonal isolation, and Self-alienation. Although the literature indicates that pregnancy and motherhood are replete with loneliness, the present study found that those two groups had lower mean subscale scores than did women of the general population.
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Giorgi, Barbro, and Alison L. Boudreau. "The Experience of Self-Discovery and Mental Change in Female Novice Athletes in Connection to Marathon Running." Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 41, no. 2 (2010): 234–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156916210x532144.
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AbstractThis article evaluates the experience of an extraordinary mental change of novice female runners that is connected to long-distance running. Two female participants were interviewed regarding their life-changing experience associated with endurance exercise. Descriptions of the lived experience from women who train for marathons were gathered and a phenomenological analysis of the data was conducted which suggests that the women underwent a mental change that improved their self-confidence and enhanced relationships with their selves and others. The six constituents that emerged were: Participants Perception of an Enhancing Outdoor Environment, Life-Style Changes Resulting in More Openness to Others and Self, Discoveries Concerning Self-Improvements, Sustaining a Desired Mental Disposition, Empowerment in Considering New Possibilities, and Support for Encountering Future Challenges. This article demonstrates how a mental change associated with long-distance running positively impacts participants’ personal and professional lives.
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Nivetha, Ms S., and Dr K. Ravichandran. "The Depiction of ‘New Woman’ in Manju Kapur’s Home." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 9, no. 6 (July 2, 2021): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v9i6.11099.
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It is impossible to overestimate the significance of Indian English Writing in the commitments made by its female pupils. ManjuKapur is one of many who strive to speak to the realities of Indian women, who endure a variety of hardships and tribulations as a result of the city's tradition and modernization have opposing weights. She illustrates the difficult decision-making of middle-class females who transform from quiet victims to ultimate agitators, challenging the male-dominated society's age-old customs, morals, and constraints. ManjuKapur's Home is a great example of self-assurance. ManjuKapur's Home exemplifies this type of self-assertion. The work is situated in a downtown neighborhood, and the key hero Nisha is shown as a lady who fearlessly confronts and overcomes the limits of being a woman. She ultimately achieves her determined journey towards becoming herself. ManjuKapur acknowledges illiterate intellectual Indian women's ability to recognize their impulses for self-discovery in their adolescence as a ‘new woman.'
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Morrison, Sara. "“I Shall Endeavor for Her Aims”: Women’s Alliances and Relational Figurations of Freedom." Humanities 7, no. 4 (November 14, 2018): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h7040117.
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In oppressive cultures that marginalize various identity positions, a woman might find it difficult to imagine herself as autonomous or capable of self-definition. Forging alliances with other women offers opportunities for self-discovery, transformation, and autonomous agency. Considering Queen Elizabeth’s correspondence with Safiye Sultana and Phillip Massinger’s The Renegado, this essay argues that tropes of seeing, achieved either through material images or through vivid discursive descriptions, foster imaginative renderings of the possibilities of self-expression and agency. Both cases, one diplomatic and the other dramatic, demonstrate successful—even though temporary and politically motivated—alliances mediated through both patriarchal constraints and material markers of identity. Drawing on these epistolary and dramatic texts, this essay explores tropes of imaginative seeing, the materiality of identity, and physical spaces that enact women’s alliances invested in questions of women’s freedom across tributaries both political and dramatic.
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Cincotta, Natalie R. "Ideal Men and Dream Women: Computer Matchmaking in twen during the West German Sex Wave, 1967–1970." German History 40, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghab089.
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Abstract Between 1967 and 1970, the West German youth magazine twen embarked on an ambitious experiment to match young heterosexual pairs using computer programming. Named Rendezvous, the program emerged during a moment of particular promise and transformation in West German history. The so-called ‘sex wave’, an emphasis on self-discovery and the reconfiguration of social relationships, had produced both new possibilities and pressures for how young West Germans should ‘get to know’ each other and what they should find meaningful in their romantic relationships. Rendezvous promised to take the guesswork and disappointment out of finding an ideal partner through a rational, scientific assessment of habits, attitudes and desires. This article uses Rendezvous as a lens to examine early interactions between technology, media cultures and value change long before the internet age. Through an analysis of questionnaires, first-person accounts and photo reports, the article argues that Rendezvous evidences the centrality of mass media to the reorganization of courting and romance around notions of personal fulfillment and self-discovery during the late 1960s.
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Moe, Angela M. "Reclaiming the Feminine: Bellydancing as a Feminist Project." Congress on Research in Dance Conference Proceedings 40, S1 (2008): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2049125500000674.
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Bellydancing is largely misunderstood and stereotyped. Few realize that it is an expressive, ancient, and woman-centered genre of movement, rooted in Middle/Near Eastern folk tradition and culture. Not surprisingly, it has received scant scholarship despite its increasing popularity throughout the world. This paper offers a feminist critique of hegemonic understandings of bellydance, based upon ethnographic research on American women's experiences. Findings are organized along five themes: discovery (of the dance and of self); healing (repair and respite from illness, injury, and victimization); spirituality (connectivity to each other, a higher power, and divine femininity); sisterhood (community, specifically woman-space); and empowerment (omnipresent sense of pride and self-confidence). I argue that bellydance is too easily dismissed as a means through which women are objectified via patriarchal views of beauty, sexuality, and performativity. These may be understood as byproducts of Western Orientalist renderings of the Middle/Near East and contextualized within our contemporary antifeminist society.
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Kafshgarkolaie, Fatemeh Dargahi, and Azadeh Kami. "The Female bildungsroman: An Analysis of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House through the Lens of Luce Irigaray." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 5, no. 3 (March 25, 2022): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2022.5.3.27.
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This study attempts to uncover how Nora, the main character of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, matures and later challenges the patriarchal norms of her society. Victorian women typically were regarded as individuals whose sole responsibility was keeping a successful household and were bound to exist within the isolated world of home; once out of this world, they enter the realm of men where they are treated as inferiors. Naturally, women had adapted these characteristics; Nora is a typical Victorian woman except that at some point of her life, she refuses to stay passive, looks within, redefines femininity for herself, and once she perceives her potential, rebels against all the normalized perceptions that overlook women’s free will. Focusing on her essence, she can finally express herself for the first time, which leads to her self-discovery journey in a path that is less tainted by patriarchal norms. The present study leaning toward Luce Irigaray’s theory – i.e., a woman is deprived of independent social existence and subjectivity, she is considered merely a mother who associates with object and nature, whereas man is associated with culture and subjectivity – aims to illustrate how Nora reaches self-awareness and therefore disturbs masculine symbolic order.
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Mehdaoui, Djamila. "Women’s Politics of Resistance in Making the Invisible Visible." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 10, no. 6 (November 30, 2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.6p.59.
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This paper will endeavour to highlight an in-depth look to the sustained invisibility of the involvement of masses of women in political, historical, and social acts, exploring the philosophical mooring of women as being permanently inferior. The analysis will seek to reflect upon the impact of feminism and post colonialism within issues like the construction of the self. The two approaches will reveal how the degraded image of women is structured by male literary traditions and strengthened by their oppression exercised through patriarchal ideologies. The focus is put also on postcolonial women, who find themselves in front double pronunciation of the sounds of marginalization. This essay argues, in part, that the feminist role contributes in extending the duty of ordinary and subaltern women towards fuller understanding of the self. It also analyzes how feminists contribute to thrive their histories of writing traditions, and widening their involvement in education as a turning point enabling them for self-discovery and definition. These feminists allow their fellows notable insights into their thoughts, visions and actions to mediate their harsh status through significant ideas opposing the process of invisibility, Othering, and the dire circumstances inherent in their societies.This essay asserts further that the types of oppression that haunt women’s narrative of the self also transmits the experiences of many women around the world. However, such social stigmatization push many of them to empower each other and learn from their inherent dilemmas by inserting unique inspirations and strategies to escape approximately all figures of powerlessness.
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O’Mahony, Mairin. "Self-discovered breast cancer symptoms and women's help seeking behaviour: key findings from phase one of a two-phase study." Boolean: Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork, no. 2010 (January 1, 2010): 133–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2010.29.
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Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the western world. In Ireland, breast cancer was the most common cancer diagnosed amongst women during 2000-2004 with approximately 3,095 cases reported annually and an average of 947 deaths. It is well known that the earlier the diagnosis of breast cancer is made the more likely it is that women will have a better health outcome. However, 20-30% of women wait for one month or more before presenting to a Health Care Professional with a self discovered breast symptom. This is a worrying situation given the increased emphasis on prompt presentation of symptoms and the associated link with better health care outcomes for women diagnosed with breast cancer. Therefore, more work on help-seeking behaviour from the woman’s perspective will help Health Care Professionals to understand women’s needs and concerns surrounding symptom discovery and highlight the key issues linked to delayed ...
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Jesmin, U. H. Ruhina. "Self-Discovery and a Sense of Wholeness in the Transgressive Auto/biogrAfrical Discourses of African American Women Writers." Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 15, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40647-021-00341-7.
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Maynard, Kairo. "To be Black. to be a Woman. Can Dramatherapy help Black Women to Discover Their True Self despite Racial and Gender Oppression?" Dramatherapy 39, no. 1 (March 2018): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02630672.2018.1432668.
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This article is part of an arts-based, auto-ethnographic report that focuses on the complexities of Black women's identity, in relation to my own journey of self-discovery when navigating societal racism and sexism. The body of work documents my process as I devised a 30-minute solo performance, while the rehearsal process highlights assimilation similarities between Hans Christian Anderson's The Little Mermaid and the experiences faced by Black women. This revelation opened new dramatic possibilities for me to create four characters based on the negative roles ascribed to Black women in Western society. Moreover, role theory has been applied to promote psychological healing, while the dramatic metaphor acts as a container. Embodiment and role are central to dramatherapeutic practice; by exploring ourselves through role, we can understand the roles and masks we adopt, through either choice or obligation. Throughout history, Black women are said to experience harsher societal and cultural pressures, including disproportionately high levels of racism. Prolonged racial chastisement through Western external and culture-based messages can negatively inform identity and sense of self. This can lead to mental health issues caused by internalised racism, defined as integrating as true the negative stereotypes perpetuated by white-dominant society.
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Rožman Ivančič, Nejc. "The The Image of a Woman of Colour and Native American Woman in Two Kerouac Novels: A Double Otherness." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.16.2.117-133.
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The article examines the portrayal of a woman of colour in the novel The Subterraneans (1958), and the portrayal of a Native American woman in the novel Tristessa (1960). The two works are representative examples within the opus of the American writer Jack Kerouac (1922–1969), and offer suitable starting points for the reinterpretation of his attitude towards women and non-white ethnicities. The novels reveal the ethnocentric, even colonizing attitude of the dominating male narrator in relation to the dominated and subjugated social groups. Although the treated works are considered Kerouac’s “female-centred novels” (Phelan Lyke 1991, v), this syntagm is problematized here by showing that the male narrator remains the true protagonist, focused essentially on his own perceptions of the non-white romantic subject, whereas the two female characters are (mere) objects for the protagonists’ self-discovery, life experience and psychological projection. In this sense, Kerouac’s consistent presentation of women as representatives of an identity of the exotic/Other reveals his nested gender and racial prejudice.
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Thompson, Jennifer A., Sarah L. Fraser, Rocio Macabena Perez, Charlotte Paquette, and Katherine L. Frohlich. "Girls and Young Women Negotiate Wellbeing during COVID-19 in Quebec." Girlhood Studies 13, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 48–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ghs.2020.130305.
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In this article, we feature photographs and cellphilms produced by 13 girls and young women (aged 13 to 19) from urban, rural, and Indigenous areas of Quebec, Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic. Framed within girls’ studies, we present girls’ and young women’s creations and co-analysis about wellbeing during a period of lockdown. We explore how girls and young women restructured their routines at home as well as negotiated motivation and the pressure to be productive. We note that girls had more time than usual for creative activities and self-discovery and that they engaged with the politics of the pandemic and advocated for collective forms of wellbeing. Importantly, girls reported that participating in this research improved their wellbeing during this lockdown.
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Sanchez-Covarrubias, Alex P., Ramlogan Sowamber, Leah Dodds, Andre Pinto, Sophia George, and Matthew Schlumbrecht. "Abstract C052: Endometrial cancer genomics varies by race." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 1_Supplement (January 1, 2023): C052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp22-c052.
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Abstract Introduction Variability in endometrial cancer (EC) risk and outcomes exist, with Black women disproportionately negatively affected related to White women. The biologic etiologies of these observations are poorly understood. Our objective was to describe the somatic mutations of the tumor genome and compare them to RNA expression in self-identified Black and White women diagnosed with EC. Methods Women with newly diagnosed EC and undergoing hysterectomy were recruited prospectively. Fresh tumors obtained at the time of surgery were flash-frozen, underwent DNA and RNA extraction and were submitted for whole exome sequencing (WES) analysis (DNA) or bulk RNA sequencing analysis. Differentially expressed genes between racial groups and tumor grade were calculated using Deseq2. Genomic ancestry was determined using ADMIXTURE. Chi-square and Mann Whitney U tests were used for analyses, with a threshold for significance of p<0.05. Results A total of 49 patients with EC were included. Thirty (61.2%) women were diagnosed with low-grade EC and 19 (38.8%) with high grade EC. Twenty (40.8%) women self-identified as Black, 27 (55.1%) as White and 2 (4.1%) as Asian/other. Admixture analysis showed that 36 (73.4%) had >14% African ancestry. The remaining 13 (26.5%) patients had admixed European and Native American ancestry, with <1% African ancestry. In the RNA-seq, we found significant DEGs by tumor grade; with 2132 DEG in High grade compared to Low grade tumors with a false discovery rate of <0.05 and a fold change (FC) of ≤-1.5 or ≥1.5. Top 10 DEG included MT4, TAF15, SLFN5 and PLEKHS1 (upregulated) and MCRIP1, MAZ, MYOM3, PRPH, BCL7C, AC016700.5 (downregulated). In the WES analysis, 8 Black women had mutations in GON4L compared to 1 in the White woman (44.4% vs 3.7%, padj=0.04); and 7 Black women had a mutation in PRAMEF14 compared to 1 White woman (38.8% vs 3.7%, padj= 0.06). Conclusion GON4L, which is a transcription factor associated with decreased apoptosis and promotion of tumor growth through CD24 regulation, was significantly more mutated in the EC genome of Black women relative to White women. Somatic mutation and transcriptional changes are seen between tumor grade and self-identified race and require further exploration for its relationship to aggressive disease. Citation Format: Alex P. Sanchez-Covarrubias, Ramlogan Sowamber, Leah Dodds, Andre Pinto, Sophia George, Matthew Schlumbrecht. Endometrial cancer genomics varies by race [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr C052.
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Adykulov, A. "A Non-classical Approach to the Study of the Unconscious in Adolescence and Youth." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 4 (April 15, 2020): 370–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/53/40.
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A non-classical approach to the development of personality in teenage years and adolescence presupposes a student’s self-development, where the individuality, initiative, identity of the student’s personality development is put at top of mind. The discovery of new opportunities and prospects in the study of unconscious psychological determinants, the relationship of consciousness and the unconscious and their manifestations in the youth personality in the educational environment, involves, on the one hand, the formation of the psychological foundations of the personality of young men and women as active subjects, creators, self-creating, self-determining personalities, on the other hand, involves the formation of unconscious psychological determinants (unconscious attitudes, personality archetypes: ego, self, persona, anima, animus, shadow), which are responsible not only for the content of the conscious part, but also the behavior of the individual.
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Udhayakumar, S. "Thematic Analysis in The Edible Women." Shanlax International Journal of English 10, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/english.v10i1.4472.
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The Edible Women is one of the most outstanding novels of Margret Atwood which has set a big milestone in her writing career. The novel leaves multiple of interpretations since its subject touches the most sensitive and deepest chord of the society. The novel is more a social novel that it deals with the major issue of gender roles and relationships in general. Atwood has used the novel to magnify even the minute errors and ills of the society which is not touched by other writers of her time. She has clearly portrayed the actual problems of Canadian women of 1960s who have been suppressed by the patriarchal society. She has tried to name their problems which have no names and moreover her approaches to those problems are strange and new.And hence, the novel is called as a proto-feminist novel. Beyond the feministic point of view, the story conveys various themes such as self-discovery, marriage, love, sex, modernity, cultural attitude, relationship and many. Besides, the novel is filled with various symbolic and metaphorical elements that support the author’s presupposition of her world view. Therefore, the paper has made an inquiry in to various thematic elements and symbols to explore the hidden meanings bound with in the story.
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Yang, Elaine Chiao Ling, Mona Ji Hyun Yang, and Catheryn Khoo-Lattimore. "The meanings of solo travel for Asian women." Tourism Review 74, no. 5 (November 4, 2019): 1047–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-10-2018-0150.
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Purpose This study aims to explore the meanings of solo travel for Asian women, focussing on how Asian women construct and negotiate their identities in the heteronormalised, gendered and Western-centric tourism space. Design/methodology/approach In-depth interviews were conducted with 35 Asian solo female travellers from ten Asian countries/societies and analysed using constructivist grounded theory. The interpretation was guided by a critical stance and intersectionality lens. Findings The findings show that solo travel provides a means for self-discovery but the path was different for Asian women, for whom the self is constructed by challenging the social expectations of Asian women. Western-centric discourse was identified in the participants’ interactions with other (Western) travellers and tourism service providers, as well as in the ways these Asian women perceive themselves in relation to Western travellers. In addition to gendered constraints and risks, the findings also reveal the positive meaning of being Asian women in the gendered tourism space. Research limitations/implications By labelling Asian women, the study risks adopting an essentialised view and overlooking the differences within the group. However, this strategic essentialism is necessary to draw attention to the inequalities that persist in contemporary tourism spaces and practices. Originality/value This study investigated Asian solo female travellers, an emerging but under-researched segment. It provides a critical examination of the intersectional effect of gender and race on identity construction for Asian solo female travellers. This study shows the need for a more inclusive tourism space.
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Anwar, Behzad, Shamshad Rasool, and Saiqa Imtiaz Asif. "Unraveling Proprietorial Patriarchal Structures: A Study of Sidhwa’s The Bride." International Journal of Linguistics and Culture 3, no. 1 (May 29, 2022): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v3i1.82.
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This study intends to find out the position of women living in Pakistan during the process of their self-discovery and search for identity to become strong enough for an honourable survival. The study has been conducted through a textual analysis of Sidhwa’s novel The Bride while focusing on language, different customs and events represented by the author to highlight the patriarchal structures. The study also examines that women have been treated as commodities and objects without caring for their desires. Their disrespect of patriarchal notions may deprive them of existence as human beings. It pinpoints that women are oppressed, subjugated and marginalized through patriarchal structures rampant in the society like marriage, family and the concept of hounour. Any struggle to get liberation from oppression results in sexist violence.
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Haynes, Christina S. "An Education Scholar and a Tightrope Walker: Reflexivity and Self-Discovery through the Research on How African American Women Navigate the Contested Spaces of Predominately White Colleges and Universities." International Journal of Multicultural Education 24, no. 2 (August 22, 2022): 17–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18251/ijme.v24i2.3005.
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Chronicling my research on academically successful Black women attending predominately white institutions (PWIs), I reflect upon the anxiety, anger, and disillusionment that I personally experienced in graduate school. I discovered while completing the dissertation that other Black women at PWIs navigate similar challenges. Using narrative inquiry, I explore how this research program developed and how the high-achieving women interviewed shaped my ideas about gender, race, and belongingness and the complexity of coping with racism. I wish for other women of color to realize they are not alone in their frustrations; I hope my research helps these women understand that their presence is both needed and valued in the academy.
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Wu, Shuangnan. "Reader Response to Feminism in Elizabeth Gilbert‘s Eat, Pray, Love." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 7, no. 2 (June 2021): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2021.7.2.291.
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This study is about reader response to feminism in Eat, Pray, Love: One Woman’s Search for Everything Across Italy, India and Indonesia by Elizabeth Gilbert (2006). The topic is analysed under the guidance of reader-response theory proposed by Louise Rosenblatt. The objectives of this study are twofold: first, to collect related readers’ response to feminism on the Goodreads website, one of the biggest and most famous book review websites worldwide; secondly, to discuss readers’ underpinning views towards feminism and their expectation for women in the 21st century. This paper seizes on qualitative research. The primary data of this study is gleaned from the Goodreads website. Other sources of data include literary works, book rating websites and news reports. The conclusion is that feminism is deemed as self-indulgence or a kind of self-discovery by different readers and such fact reflects, to some extent, what people expect for women in the 21st century.
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Sankar, G., and R. Soundararajan. "IMMIGRANT EXPERIENCE AND SELF-IDENTITY IN BHARATI MUKHERJEE’S JASMINE: A STUDY." Scholedge International Journal of Multidisciplinary & Allied Studies ISSN 2394-336X 4, no. 2 (June 4, 2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.19085/journal.sijmas040201.
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This Research Paper is an aim to attempt the traumatic experiences and cultural perplexity of the first and second generation immigrants and which explores the depth analysis of women consciousness, self discovery and their immigrant experiences among the male dominated society in Bharati Mukherjee’s Jasmine (1989), which set in the present about a young Indian woman Jasmine in the United States who, trying to adapt to the American way of life in order to be able to survive, changes identities several times. The state of exile, a sense of loss, the pain of separation and disorientation makes Jasmine as Immigrant personality in a quest for identity in an alien land. Jasmine, the protagonist of this novel, undergoes several transformations during her journey of life in America, from Jyoti to Jasmine to Jane, and often experiences a deep sense of estrangement resulting in a fluid state of identity. This Research paper finds out the research hypothesis, how the protagonist jasmine try to assimilate herself into foreign culture where she gains new independent individual identity.
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Rahman, Misbah, Muhammad Saleem Rahpoto, and Ghulam Muhammad Mangnejo. "Women Empowerment and Micro Finance Programs: A Case Study of District Khairpur." Review of Economics and Development Studies 6, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/reads.v6i1.188.
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The model of double monetary improvement contains the lowest wages (between difference foundations) responsible for the continuous dualism. We use 2 years of micro data from a large number of workers in Pakistan to test whether legally lowest wages have different effects on formal compensation, as opposed to the occasionally different segment. We find that the evidence from Pakistan rejects the assumptions of these models: raising the minimum wage not only extends the compensation in the city format part (big urban effort), which are enclosed through the least wages rule, nonetheless also increases the salaries of altogether other specialists, z Lowest legal allowance, which is generally considered to be an occasional split and is not regularly enforced (eg, small municipal companies, large provincial companies and small country companies). Our finding also suggest that the lowest statutory minimum wages increase wages for specialists in these “random” departments more than in the urban form, and therefore may lose the normal pay gap amid these segments and city additional part, which is considered non- binding nonetheless not governed b the Least Wage Act: the freelance (in together city and provincial regions). Least salaried may therefore lead to a symmetry amid official & casual workers, who referred to as self-employed and paid labors. In any case, we discovery no indication that self-earned income falls by the lowest pay.
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Cortés Vieco, Francisco José. "(Im)perfect celebrations by intergenerational hostesses." International Journal of English Studies 20, no. 1 (June 27, 2020): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/ijes.364191.
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Katherine Mansfield and Virginia Woolf nourished a peculiar stream of parallel foreignness and kinship with each other as coetaneous writers. This article explores the likenesses and dialogues between Mansfield’s story “The Garden Party” and Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway to detect and depict how bourgeois women, like Laura Sheridan and Clarissa Dalloway, albeit from two different generations, are indoctrinated by social etiquette, class consciousness and the prevailing archetype of domestic femininity inherited from Victorian times. Integrated into their compulsory roles as angelic daughters and wives, Laura and Clarissa gladly perform the role of the hostess to organise (im)perfect parties at home until death knocks at the door. Paradoxically that uninvited guest precipitates escapades of self-discovery and mental emancipation, leading to transient or enduring transformations in the lives of these two women.
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Baldinger-Melich, Pia, Maria F. Urquijo Castro, René Seiger, Anne Ruef, Dominic B. Dwyer, Georg S. Kranz, Manfred Klöbl, et al. "Sex Matters: A Multivariate Pattern Analysis of Sex- and Gender-Related Neuroanatomical Differences in Cis- and Transgender Individuals Using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 1345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz170.
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Abstract Univariate analyses of structural neuroimaging data have produced heterogeneous results regarding anatomical sex- and gender-related differences. The current study aimed at delineating and cross-validating brain volumetric surrogates of sex and gender by comparing the structural magnetic resonance imaging data of cis- and transgender subjects using multivariate pattern analysis. Gray matter (GM) tissue maps of 29 transgender men, 23 transgender women, 35 cisgender women, and 34 cisgender men were created using voxel-based morphometry and analyzed using support vector classification. Generalizability of the models was estimated using repeated nested cross-validation. For external validation, significant models were applied to hormone-treated transgender subjects (n = 32) and individuals diagnosed with depression (n = 27). Sex was identified with a balanced accuracy (BAC) of 82.6% (false discovery rate [pFDR] < 0.001) in cisgender, but only with 67.5% (pFDR = 0.04) in transgender participants indicating differences in the neuroanatomical patterns associated with sex in transgender despite the major effect of sex on GM volume irrespective of the self-identification as a woman or man. Gender identity and gender incongruence could not be reliably identified (all pFDR > 0.05). The neuroanatomical signature of sex in cisgender did not interact with depressive features (BAC = 74.7%) but was affected by hormone therapy when applied in transgender women (P < 0.001).
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Santhosh, Hyma. "Diving into the Subconscious of Women and Nature: Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing as an Ecofeminist Novel." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 6, no. 10 (October 10, 2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v6i10.5100.
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Woman and nature can be considered the best creations of god. Both together keep the earth alive and balanced through the process of creation. The male dominated practices have destroyed the nature as well as women. This paper deals with the different aspects of Eco-feminism through the novel Surfacing by Margaret Atwood. The narrator’s quest to the wilderness of Canada in search for her father which leads to a quest of self-discovery in the lap of nature becomes the major focus of this paper. The unknown protagonist becomes a representative of the entire female community. The realization that women are just an object to be conquered and violated by men is what leads to the ‘surfacing’ of the protagonist. In complete harmony with nature excluding clothes, language, food etc. the protagonist goes crazy which gives her more happiness that with her other relationships. The paper also tries to analyse the close relationship between women and nature and how the virgin nature and woman are destroyed by the invasion of the male community. Repressed gender roles, submissiveness, self-realization through nature and the challenges faced by women that are presented. The concept of women and nature as both victims of the male dominated society is also emphasized. This novel is the perfect literary example of an Eco-feminist work that portrays the destruction of women and nature even in the minutest episodes in the novel. Nature is a treasure-house of many myths that lay hidden in the beliefs, rights and rituals of the aboriginals which are passed from one generation to another. In the same manner women also are the sustainer's of many myths that the male society has made upon her. The mother i.e. both woman and nature is examined here.In a vast country like Canada,nature comprises to its majority through its wilderness.This wilderness hides many priceless virtues and knowledge that can be learnt only in complete harmony with nature.Surfacing is not just the journey of a woman but it is the quest that the female gender thrives for.This paper combines the theories of eco-criticism, eco-feminism and to analyse the novel Surfacing into a biological whole that merges nature, man and the beliefs of man that make existence meaningful and life worth living. In an era of rapid industrialization and materialism, it is necessary to go on a quest back to nature and learn how life was easier in the lap of nature. Great writers like Shakespeare,Chaucer and Wordsworth were able to carve out such master pieces only because of their relationship with the purest and virgin nature which is the greatest teacher for mankind of all times.
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Narmadha, S. "Chitra Banrjee Divakaruini’s “The Forest of Enchantments: Revisiting the Epic from Sita’s Prespective”." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 6 (June 29, 2020): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i6.10634.
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Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s The Forest OF Enchantments is about the retelling of our ancient prestigious epic of Ramayan from Sita’s perspective. As an Indian diasporic writer Divakaruni has nostalgia about Indian culture and tradition. The word culture comprises of behaviours and institutions, for its attempts at retelling an ancient epic through the female’s perspective. This novel focuses on the self discovery of Sita who is a celebrated female character of ancient India. So, Divakaruni has changed her way of thinking from traditional portrayal of simple and selfless women into modern female characters who is searching for their identity in the patriarchal world.
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Rokach, Ami, Miguel C. Moya, Tricia Orzeck, and Francisca Exposito. "LONELINESS IN NORTH AMERICA AND SPAIN." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 29, no. 5 (January 1, 2001): 477–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2001.29.5.477.
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The present study examined the influence of cultural background on the experience of loneliness. Six hundred and thirty-seven participants from North America and 454 from Spain volunteered to answer an 82-item questionnaire which examined the quality of their loneliness experiences. The factors which comprise the experience of loneliness are Emotional distress, Social inadequacy and alienation, Growth and discovery, Interpersonal isolation, and Self-alienation. Results indicated that cultural background, indeed, affects the experience of loneliness. North Americans scored higher on all five factors, and a similar trend was evident when men and women were compared across cultures.
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Hansen, Lauren. "The self-as-mother in the preschool years: an interpretive phenomenological analysis." Children Australia 45, no. 1 (March 2020): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2020.8.
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AbstractThere has been little research into the well-being of mothers after 12 months post-partum, despite researchers finding that depressive symptoms are more prevalent at 4 years post-partum than at any other time preceding this. The literature suggests that a woman’s view of the mother role impacts on her well-being in the early years of parenting. This qualitative research study investigated the experiences of mothers of preschool-aged children in Melbourne, Australia, and how they incorporated the role of mother into their self. Eight semi-structured interviews were completed, and interpretive phenomenological analysis was used to explore the data. The data revealed four subthemes relating to the emergence of the maternal self: becoming a mother as a journey of self-discovery, the biological imperatives of becoming a mother, remothering and the continued challenges of the emerging mother role. Although the experiences of mothering are as diverse as women themselves, even in the mostly homogenous sample, as in this study, several themes were present that both support and diverge from the existing literature.
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Bakkum-Gamez, Jamie Nadine, Rondell P. Graham, Brendan T. Broderick, Seth Slettedahl, Douglas W. Mahoney, Maureen Lemens, Xiaoming Cao, et al. "Discovery and validation of novel methylated DNA markers of cervical cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): 5526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.5526.
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5526 Background: HR-HPV DNA testing, with or without cervical cytology, provides excellent sensitivity for detection of cervical cancer (CC) and its precursors; negative test results indicate that risk of disease is extremely low and enable women to undergo reduced screening with safety. However, management of women who screen positive remains challenging as many will prove to have self-limited HR-HPV infections. DNA methylation is an early event in carcinogenesis that could enhance CC screening specificity. Methods: For discovery, DNA from 70 FFPE CC (36 squamous, 34 adenocarcinoma) tissues that were reviewed microscopically, 18 fresh frozen benign cervicovaginal (BCV) tissues collected at the time of benign hysterectomy, and 18 buffy coats from cancer-free women underwent reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) to identify MDMs associated with CC. Candidate MDM selection was based on area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) discrimination, methylation fold change, and low background methylation among benign controls. Candidate MDMs were re-tested using methylation-specific PCR (MSP) to confirm performance. Blinded biological validation was performed using MSP on DNA extracted from independent FFPE CC (38 squamous, 43 adenocarcinoma) and BCV (40) tissues. The performance of CC MDMs was also tested in DNA extracted from cervical dysplasia (36 adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), 32 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2/3, 11 CIN 1) FFPE tissues. Results: From RRBS discovery and technical validation via MSP, 30 candidate MDMs showed marked methylation fold changes (10 to >1000) across both CC histologies compared to BCV tissue from cancer-free women. Each of the 30 MDMs highly discriminated CC from BCV tissue with 9 MDMs having an AUC >0.90 (Table). CC MDMs also highly discriminated AIS from BCV but did not perform well in CIN 2/3 and CIN 1 (Table). Conclusions: Whole methylome sequencing, stringent filtering criteria, and biological validation have yielded outstanding candidate MDMs for CC that highly discriminate CC from BCV, notably with high specificity. Performance in cervical dysplasias varied with higher positivity rates in AIS than in CIN 2/3 and CIN 1. Translation to testing these novel MDMs in lower genital tract biospecimens and the addition of HR-HPV to the CC panel are warranted.[Table: see text]
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O’Mahony, Mairin, and Josephine Hegarty. "Factors influencing women in seeking help from a health care professional on self discovery of a breast symptom, in an Irish context." Journal of Clinical Nursing 18, no. 14 (July 2009): 2020–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02564.x.
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Rokach, Ami. "Relations of Perceived Causes and the Experience of Loneliness." Psychological Reports 80, no. 3_suppl (June 1997): 1067–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.80.3c.1067.
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Previous research yielded five factors which comprise the experience of loneliness, namely, Emotional distress, Social inadequacy and alienation, Growth and discovery, Interpersonal isolation, and Self-alienation. The perceived causes of loneliness were grouped into factors of Personal inadequacies, Developmental deficits, Unfulfilling intimate relationships, Relocation and significant separations, and Social marginality. Using principal components factor analysis, the relations of perceived causes and the various aspects of loneliness were examined for 295 men and 338 women. All five of the perceived causes appeared to contribute to experienced loneliness. While scores on Emotional distress were strongly related to all five factors of perceived causes, the other four factors were differentially related.
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Sharma, Deva, Melissa Day, Sarah-Jo Stimpson, Mark Rodeghier, Djamila Ghafuri, Michael U. Callaghan, Ahmar Urooj Zaidi, et al. "Acute Vaso-Occlusive Pain Associated with the Onset of Menstruation Is Distinct from Dysmenorrhea in Sickle Cell Disease." Blood 130, Suppl_1 (December 7, 2017): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v130.suppl_1.982.982.
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Abstract *Deva Sharma, MD, MS, and Melissa Day, BS, contributed equally to the abstract and are co-first authors Introduction: Acute vaso-occlusive pain episodes are the primary reason for hospitalization in sickle cell disease (SCD) and predict mortality in adults. Women with SCD have higher pain rates than men, particularly during their reproductive years. Studies of the temporal relationship between the onset of menstruation and acute vaso-occlusive pain have reached conflicting conclusions. Healthcare providers often do not recognize the temporal relationship between the onset of menstruation and acute vaso-occlusive pain, with the common perception that acute vaso-occlusive pain is synonymous with dysmenorrhea. In sequentially independent cross-sectional studies involving discovery and confirmatory cohorts, we tested the hypothesis that acute vaso-occlusive pain is associated with the onset of menstruation in women with SCD and is distinct from dysmenorrhea. Evidence to support our hypothesis was based on identifying four distinct groups: 1) women with dysmenorrhea without acute vaso-occlusive pain associated with menstruation, 2) women with acute vaso-occlusive pain associated with menstruation without dysmenorrhea, 3) women with both, and 4) women with neither. Methods: Discovery cohort : In an initial cross-sectional study, we interviewed women in the outpatient and inpatient settings at Vanderbilt University and Wayne State University (Figure 1). After obtaining informed consent, we conducted self-administered surveys which included a validated questionnaire to define acute vaso-occlusive pain associated with menstruation and dysmenorrhea (Behav Res Ther 1975, 13(4):237-44). Acute vaso-occlusive pain associated with menstruation and dysmenorrhea were defined by temporal and frequency criteria so that participants could meet either or both criteria (Table 1). Associations of clinical and demographic variables with acute vaso-occlusive pain triggered by menstruation and dysmenorrhea were evaluated by the chi-square test and t-test, and then in a multivariable regression model. The proportions of women who met criteria for acute vaso-occlusive pain associated with menstruation and dysmenorrhea were determined. A p-value of 0.05 was considered significant for all analyses. Confirmatory cohort : In a subsequent cross-sectional study, we conducted an identical online questionnaire using select websites (Figure 1) to validate our initial findings. Statistical analyses were identical to the discovery cohort. Results: Discovery cohort : A total of 95 women were surveyed using face-to-face questionnaires. Baseline characteristics are summarized in Table 2. Twenty-eight women (29.5%) met defined criteria for acute vaso-occlusive pain associated with menstruation. Age (p=0.211) and genotype (p=0.343) were not associated with acute vaso-occlusive pain triggered by menstruation. Sixty-two women (65.3%) met criteria for dysmenorrhea. Importantly, among the 95 participants in the discovery cohort, 3% met criteria for acute vaso-occlusive pain associated with menstruation alone, in the absence of dysmenorrhea, while 26% met criteria for both acute vaso-occlusive pain associated with menstruation and dysmenorrhea (Figure 2). Confirmatory cohort : A total of 118 women were surveyed using the online questionnaires. Baseline characteristics were comparable between the discovery and confirmatory cohorts. Forty-three women (36.4%) met defined criteria for acute vaso-occlusive pain associated with menstruation. Sixty-six women (55.9%) met criteria for dysmenorrhea. Importantly, among the 118 participants in the confirmatory cohort, 14% met criteria for acute vaso-occlusive pain associated with menstruation alone, in the absence of dysmenorrhea, while 22% met criteria for both acute vaso-occlusive pain associated with menstruation and dysmenorrhea (Figure 2). Conclusions: The onset of menstruation in women with SCD is another, yet unrecognized risk factor for acute vaso-occlusive pain episodes. Further studies are needed to better define the underlying mechanism and facilitate the development of targeted therapies for affected women. Disclosures Rodeghier: Rodeghier consultants: Consultancy. Callaghan: Pfizer Inc.: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Site PI, Research Funding; Roche/Genentech: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Site PI, Speakers Bureau; Roche; Shire: Speakers Bureau; Shire: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Grifols: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bayer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Octapharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novo Nordisk: Speakers Bureau; Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc: Other: Owns stock, stock options, or bonds ; Global Blood Therapeutics: Other: Site PI; CSL Behring: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Biogen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Sancillio: Other: Site PI; Bayer HealthCare; Pfizer Inc.; Roche; Shire: Consultancy; Baxalta: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau.
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Ko, Yoonwoo, Mihyoung Lee, Eunjin Lee, Heekyun Kim, Sihyun Park, and Seung Woo Choi. "Exploration of the Lives of Women with ACOAs Living with an Alcoholic Spouse: A Life History Theory Approach." Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 30, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 220–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2021.30.3.220.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify how women who were adult children of alcoholics and spouses of alcoholics had grown up in difficult situations and found the meaning of life.Methods: This study used a life history research method and data were collected from three participants who are adult children of alcoholics and spouses of alcoholics. In-depth interviews with each participant were conducted three times from September to October 2020.Results: In this study, ‘realm of life’ includes taking care of the family like a young hero, difficulty in express one’s feelings and desire, facing the problems of the family at stake. ‘Turning point’ meeting a role model overcoming addiction problems, sharing one’s story in the Therapeutic Community, self-awareness to live independently not as a victim. ‘Adaptation’ includes recognizing and expressing one’s thoughts and feelings, trying to separate from the family psychologically and spatially, reinterpretation of one’s life and discovery of the meaning of life.Conclusion: Their meaning of life was to love and respect themselves, make responsible choices in their circumstances, break the inheritance of addiction and had a healthy family life. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an existential meaning therapy program that helps them find the meaning of life and recover to their original self.
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Hubbard, Phil, and Eleanor Wilkinson. "Walking a lonely path: gender, landscape and ‘new nature writing’." cultural geographies 26, no. 2 (November 11, 2018): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474474018811663.
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‘New’ nature writing in Britain has been praised for shifting the focus of landscape appreciation towards the vernacular, the quotidian and the marginal. However, it has sometimes been accused of being insufficiently critical, and occluding questions of class, race and gender. Noting this, this article considers Carol Donaldson’s On the Marshes – an account of the diverse life of the north Kent marshes – in relation to debates concerning the way that the landscape is both walked and written. It concludes that Donaldson’s book offers a familiar trope of self-discovery via solitude, but that this takes on distinctly political dimensions given her ‘bold walking’ rejects many dominant assumptions about the way that women should experience and relate to nature.
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Aka, Edele Kacou, Apollinaire Horo, Abdoul Koffi, Mohamed Fanny, Coulibaly Didi-Kouko, Guy Nda, Alain Abouna, and Mamourou Kone. "Breast cancer in adolescent and young adult Ivory coast women: epidemiological and clinical features and molecular subdivision." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 3 (February 24, 2021): 848. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20210698.
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Background: To describe the anatomy and clinical features and then determine the histological and molecular profile of Ivorian women under 40 years.Methods: This is a retrospective multi-centre study descriptive and analytic performed over a period of 20 months. It involved 76 women on 355 selected in the Ivoirian cancer registry. An additional immunohistochemical analysis to assess hormone receptors and HER overexpression in a single unit.Results: Adolescents and young adults represented 20.3% of women with breast cancer. The average age of women was 35 years. (∂=3.4 years, 95% CI=[2.6415 to 4.1785]). 15.8% of patients had a good socioeconomic level with a stable job, well paid and 28.9% had a university degree. The discovery circumstances were a breast nodule (53%) followed by locoregional complications (21%) and breast self-examination (20%). The consultation delay was less than three months in 34.2% of cases. 78% of cancers were diagnosed in stage II and III. The most common histological subtypes were respectively RP (+) / Her (-) (41%) followed by triple negative (30%).Conclusions: This study showed that 20,3% of women under 40 years. The most tumors were classified as stage II and III of tumors at diagnosis. the most common histologic subtypes are the Luminal A (41%) and triple-negative (30%). This disease is more aggressive with a poor prognosis in this age group.
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Abo Al-Shiekh, Samira S., Yasser S. Alajerami, Khaled M. Abushab, Ahmed A. Najim, Shaymaa AlWaheidi, and Elizabeth A. Davies. "Factors affecting delay in the presentation of breast cancer symptoms among women in Gaza, occupied Palestinian territory: a cross-sectional survey." BMJ Open 12, no. 10 (October 2022): e061847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061847.
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ObjectiveTo identify factors related to women’s delay in presenting with breast cancer symptoms to improve diagnosis in the occupied Palestinian territory (oPt).DesignCross-sectional.SettingTwo government cancer hospitals.ParticipantsA consecutive sample of 130 Palestinian women living in Gaza with newly diagnosed breast cancer were approached in the waiting rooms of cancer hospitals in Gaza between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2017. 120 women took part and returned the completed questionnaire.Primary and secondary outcome measuresClinical information about breast cancer was collected from hospital cancer records. An interval of 3 months or more between women’s self-discovery of symptoms and their first presentation to a medical provider was considered as a delay.Results94% (122/130) of women attending cancer hospitals in Gaza agreed to take part in the study. Their mean age was 51 years (range: 23–72), 33.6% (31/122) had a family history of breast cancer and 74.5% (41/55) of those whose cancer stage was known had been diagnosed at stage III or IV. Around one-half (62/122) said they had not recognised the seriousness of their breast changes but only 20% (24/122) of women delayed seeking healthcare by 3 months and more. The two only factors associated to late presentation were that the woman considered their symptoms not serious (p<0.001) and lack of pain (p=0.012). Lower socioeconomic status, older age, lower education and negative family history of breast cancer were not statistically associated with women’s delay.ConclusionsWomen’s awareness about the seriousness of breast changes and the critical importance of seeking prompt diagnosis needs to be improved using context-relevant and evidence-based awareness campaigns. This should be accompanied with training of female nurses on promoting early detection and improvement in diagnostic facilities to ensure timely diagnosis of cancer in the oPt.
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Swiger, Kathleen Dickerson, Janine E. Guglielmino, Jeffrey D. Labban, Hope S. Rugo, Carey K. Anders, Hillary C. M. Nelson, Arin Ahlum Hanson, Hayley Dinerman, and Catherine Creme Henry. "Preferences in educational topics of interest to women with triple-negative breast cancer: The role of age, race/ethnicity, and stage at diagnosis in topic selection." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2015): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.28_suppl.100.
Full textAbstract:
100 Background: Women diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) responded to an online 80-question survey to identify their educational needs. They self-reported breast cancer subtype, demographics, and level of interest in 35 educational topics. Methods: This analysis examined whether demographic factors of women with TNBC diagnosed after 2006 (n = 611) were associated with their topic interest. Interest ratings were collapsed into “Not Interested” and “Interested or Very Interested.” Measures of association between interest in the top 10 TNBC topics and demographic factors were calculated using Phi coefficients (white/non-white) and point biserial correlations (age, cancer stage at diagnosis). False discovery rate adjustments were applied to the significance threshold to account for multiple comparisons. Results: Significant levels of association between personal factors and topic interest were observed for age; younger women were more likely to be interested in breast reconstruction (rpb= -19), parenting issues (rpb= -.36), and fertility preservation (rpb= -.33). Marginally significant associations were observed for race/ethnicity and cancer staging: non-white women were more likely to be interested in fertility preservation (rpb= -.12), and women diagnosed initially at higher stages of disease were more likely to be interested in parenting issues (rpb= .11). Conclusions: Age, race/ethnicity, and stage can influence education preferences of women with TNBC. These data point to the importance of understanding the interaction of children and cancer stage in women with triple-negative breast cancer. TNBC is proportionately more common in younger and non-white women; therefore, developing targeted interventions to address these factors could maximize healthcare team interactions, and enhance quality of life.
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Jordan, V. Craig. "Tamoxifen as the first targeted long-term adjuvant therapy for breast cancer." Endocrine-Related Cancer 21, no. 3 (March 21, 2014): R235—R246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-14-0092.
Full textAbstract:
Tamoxifen is an unlikely pioneering medicine in medical oncology. Nevertheless, the medicine has continued to surprise us, perform, and save lives for the past 40 years. Unlike any other medicine in oncology, it is used to treat all stages of breast cancer, ductal carcinomain situ, and male breast cancer and pioneered the use of chemoprevention by reducing the incidence of breast cancer in women at high risk and induces ovulation in subfertile women! The impact of tamoxifen is ubiquitous. However, the power to save lives from this unlikely success story came from the first laboratory studies which defined that ‘longer was going to be better’ when tamoxifen was being considered as an adjuvant therapy. This is that success story, with a focus on the interdependent components of: excellence in drug discovery, investment in self-selecting young investigators, a conversation withNature, a conversation between the laboratory and the clinic, and the creation of the Oxford Overview Analysis. Each of these factors was essential to propel the progress of tamoxifen to evolve as an essential part of the fabric of society.
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Silvestris, Cafforio, Felici, Cormio, and D’Oronzo. "Ddx4+ Oogonial Stem Cells in Postmenopausal Women’s Ovaries: A Controversial, Undefined Role." Cells 8, no. 7 (June 28, 2019): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8070650.
Full textAbstract:
Recent studies support the existence of oogonial stem cells (OSCs) in the ovarian cortex of different mammals, including women.These cells are characterized by small size, membrane expression of DEAD(Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp)-box polypeptide-4 (Ddx4), and stemness properties (such as self-renewal and clonal expansion) as well as the ability to differentiate in vitro into oocyte-like cells. However, the discovery of OSCs contrasts with the popular theory that there is a numerically defined oocyte pool for female fertility which undergoes exhaustion with menopause. Indeed, in the ovarian cortex of postmenopausal women OSCs have been detected that possess both viability and capability to differentiate into oocytes, which is similar to those observed in younger patients. The pathophysiological role of this cell population in aged women is still debated since OSCs, under appropriate stimuli, differentiate into somatic cells, and the occurrence of Ddx4+ cells in ovarian tumor samples also suggests their potential involvement in carcinogenesis. Although further investigation into these observations is needed to clarify OSC function in ovary physiology, clinical investigators and researchers studying female infertility are presently focusing on OSCs as a novel opportunity to restore ovarian reserve in both young women undergoing early ovarian failure and cancer survivors experiencing iatrogenic menopause.