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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Self-discrepancy

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Academic literature on the topic 'Self-discrepancy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 22 June 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Self-discrepancy"

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Moretti, Marlene M., and E. Tory Higgins. "Relating self-discrepancy to self-esteem: The contribution of discrepancy beyond actual-self ratings." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 26, no. 2 (March 1990): 108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(90)90071-s.

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Cornette, Michelle M., Timothy J. Strauman, Lyn Y. Abramson, and Andrew M. Busch. "Self-discrepancy and suicidal ideation." Cognition & Emotion 23, no. 3 (April 2009): 504–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699930802012005.

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Higgins, E. Tory. "Self-discrepancy: A theory relating self and affect." Psychological Review 94, no. 3 (1987): 319–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.94.3.319.

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Hadi, Muhammad Abdul, and Banyu Wicaksono. "Understanding the Dynamics of Self-discrepancy Formation of Self-injurious Adolescents: A Case Study of Self-injury." Psychological Research and Intervention 3, no. 2 (June 14, 2021): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/pri.v3i2.41383.

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How the self-discrepancy of self-injurious adolescents was formed is yet to be understood clearly. Several studies have clearly stated that self-discrepancy contributes to propel adolescents to injure themselves. This study attempted to understand the dynamics of self-discrepancy formation in the sample of late adolescents who self-injure. This study used a descriptive qualitative research method and case study approach to examine this phenomenon. Data were obtained from six participants, using an open-ended questionnaire, which asks about how self-discrepancy in the participants was formed. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify themes and subthemes that indicate how self-discrepancy was formed. The result showed that ten significant themes emerge in the self-discrepancy formation of self-injurious adolescents. Two factors contribute to form self-discrepancy among adolescents who self-injure: external dan internal. These factors are achieved from the familial and social interaction that are perceived negatively by the participants. Based on the results of this study, self-discrepancies in adolescent self-injurers should be considered when intervening in self-injurious adolescents.

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Mason, Tyler B., Kathryn E. Smith, Allison Engwall, Alisson Lass, Michael Mead, Morgan Sorby, Kayla Bjorlie, Timothy J. Strauman, and Stephen Wonderlich. "Self-discrepancy theory as a transdiagnostic framework: A meta-analysis of self-discrepancy and psychopathology." Psychological Bulletin 145, no. 4 (April 2019): 372–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bul0000186.

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Wolfe, Wendy L., and Stephen A. Maisto. "The effect of self-discrepancy and discrepancy salience on alcohol consumption." Addictive Behaviors 25, no. 2 (March 2000): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4603(98)00122-1.

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Veale, David, Peter Kinderman, Susan Riley, and Christina Lambrou. "Self-discrepancy in body dysmorphic disorder." British Journal of Clinical Psychology 42, no. 2 (June 2003): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/014466503321903571.

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Adamczewski, Boris. "Symbolic discrepancy and self-similar dynamics." Annales de l’institut Fourier 54, no. 7 (2004): 2201–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5802/aif.2079.

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Li, Shuainan, Chee Wei Phang, and Hong Ling. "Self-gratification and self-discrepancy in purchase of digital items." Industrial Management & Data Systems 119, no. 8 (September 9, 2019): 1608–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-10-2018-0434.

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Purpose While previous research underscored self-presentation desire as an important motivator of digital item purchase, user needs for digital items may become increasingly inner-focused with the maturation of virtual communities (VCs). The purpose of this paper is to posit that self-discrepancy and self-gratification are key to explaining user purchase of digital items. Design/methodology/approach A survey of 310 users of a social media-based VC well supports the hypotheses. Findings The tenet of this study is that individuals purchase digital items in VCs not only for self-presentation purpose per se, but more importantly for reasons of more inner-focused, such as due to their self-discrepancy that motivates them to purchase digital items to enhance self-esteem, and also for self-gratification. Furthermore, self-discrepancy arising from comparing ones’ current self against how they perceive others expect them to ideally be (i.e. self-other discrepancy) increases their self-presentation desire. Originality/value Overall the findings enrich the current view that individuals purchase digital items mainly to present themselves to others (Kim et al., 2012), thus affording a more complete understanding of this behavior that has both important research and practical implications.

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Calogero, Rachel M., and Neill Watson. "Self-discrepancy and chronic social self-consciousness: Unique and interactive effects of gender and real–ought discrepancy." Personality and Individual Differences 46, no. 5-6 (April 2009): 642–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.01.008.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Self-discrepancy"

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Krust-McKay, Meredith J. "Infertility and self-discrepancy theory /." Adelaide, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PM/09pmk94.pdf.

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Davies, Caitlin. "Self-discrepancy theory and chronic pain." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270673.

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Lapadatu, Irina Laura. "Self-discrepancy and affective distress after stroke." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/72485/.

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AIMS: To investigate self-discrepancies in stroke survivors and explore associations between discrepancies and distress, drawing on Higgins’s (1987) Self-Discrepancy Theory. More specifically, investigate if stroke survivors reported a change in their sense of self following stroke, if this change was related to their reported anxiety and depression, and if this relationship was mediated by their perceived self-esteem. Also, to explore if discrepancies between survivors’ post-stroke self and their ideal and ought self, respectively, were associated with depression and anxiety, respectively. METHOD: A retrospective cross-sectional design was employed. The participants were 67 first-time community-living stroke survivors, with a mean age of 61.6 years and a mean time since stroke of 5.6 years. The measures included the Head Injury Semantic Differential for assessing pre-stroke (retrospectively), post-stroke, ideal and ought selves; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (adapted); and the Barthel Index. RESULTS: Stroke survivors perceived themselves significantly more negatively than prior to their stroke. The discrepancy between pre and post-stroke selves was positively associated with affective distress and negatively associated with self-esteem and quality of life, respectively. The discrepancy between post-stroke self and ideal self, and the discrepancy between post-stroke self and ought self were also positively associated with affective distress. However, these relationships were undifferentiated, as the former was not only related to depression but also to anxiety, and the latter was not only related to anxiety but also to depression. Survivors’ perceived self-esteem was a mediator in the relationship between the pre and post-stroke selves discrepancy and affective distress. CONCLUSIONS: This was the first study to show a perceived change in identity in a large sample of stroke survivors, and it contributed to our understanding of how psychological factors may be involved in emotional adjustment after stroke. This highlighted the importance of considering such changes in informing neurorehabilitation; the clinical implications were discussed. It was also the first study to provide support, albeit partial for Higgins’ (1987) self-discrepancy theory in a stroke population. The strengths and limitations of the study were considered and ideas for future research were proposed.

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Winton, Holly. "Self-discrepancy and shame in adolescents : relationships with self-esteem and self-compassion." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580578.

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BACKGROUND Research suggests self-discrepancy is associated with shame, depression and anxiety in adults, as well as reduced self-worth. By contrast, the literature on adolescent experiences is sparse. This is surprising, given adolescence is a time of increased self-evaluation in developing the self and relations with others. Of prime interest is how young people's appraisals of themselves and others impact on self-esteem and emotional wellbeing. Thus, it is proposed self-discrepancy is associated with shame, depression and anxiety, due to its relationship with self-esteem. Associated low self-esteem and negative affect could be lessened by fostering self-compassion, which engenders tolerance of non-ideal self- attributes. Thus, it is also hypothesised that self-compassion moderates the relationship between self-discrepancy and self-esteem. METHOD A cross-sectional questionnaire-based design was employed: measures of self-discrepancy, self-esteem, self-compassion, shame, depression and anxiety were completed by a community sample of 141 16 to 18 year-olds. Data were subjected to correlation, regression, mediation and moderation analyses. RESULTS Self-discrepancy predicted a small but significant amount of the variance in shame, depression and anxiety. However, when self-esteem was entered simultaneously into the regression model, self-esteem emerged as the only significant predictor of negative affect. Subsequently, it was found that self- esteem partially mediates the relationship between self-discrepancy and negative affect. Self-compassion, however, did not significantly moderate the relationship between self-discrepancy and self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS Self-esteem has more predictive utility than self-discrepancy on adolescent experiences of shame, depression and anxiety, and it partially mediates the relationship between self-discrepancy and negative affect. Self- compassion is a potential protective factor against negative emotion, and possible explanations are discussed for why it was not revealed to Significantly moderate the relationship between self-discrepancy and self- esteem. Methodological limitations of the study are discussed, as are ideas for future research and clinical implications, including promoting self- compassion to protect self-discrepant adolescents from self-esteem damage and negative affect.

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Moyers, Sheena. "Actual and Ideal Self Discrepancy and Body Satisfaction." TopSCHOLAR®, 2005. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/465.

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Over the past decade, there has been an increase in research and concern over body image and body attitudes in both clinical and community settings (Sondhaus, Kurtz, & Strube, 2001). Historically, body image has been thought to be more important to women than to men. However, recently male body image has begun to increase in importance. Over the past few decades, men have been facing increased societal pressure, concerning the type of body that they should have. One such way that pressure is manifested is through muscle dysmorphia, and a potential influence on muscle dysmorphia is self-concept. Self-concept may interact with muscle dysmorphia through the changes that people want to make about themselves. Within self-concept people may want to change a great deal about themselves and the way that they are currently (actual self) in order to achieve what they see as a better (ideal) self. The goal of the present study was to examine how men's self concept relates to body satisfaction and symptoms of body dysmorphia. The current study hypothesized that those individuals with a greater discrepancy between their actual and ideal selves will also have lower body satisfaction. The study also hypothesized that as the discrepancy between actual and ideal selves increases, men will report higher symptoms of body dysmorphia. Participants were 124 men all over the age of 18. The mean age of participants was 20.15. The participants completed a Demographics Questionnaire, the Dysmorphia Inventory (DI), the Body Assessment (BA), and the Self-Concept Questionnaire (SCQ). Linear regressions were performed to examine the relationship between body satisfaction and self-concept. A second set of linear regressions was also performed that focused on specific items that were selected from the SCQ. Results supported the first hypothesis; men's body satisfaction decreased as the discrepancy between their actual and ideal selves increased. This supported hypothesis supports research suggesting that the way people perceive their bodies and their level of satisfaction with their bodies is related to their self-concept and how they see themselves as an entire being. The second hypothesis predicted that as the discrepancy between actual and ideal selves increased, men would report higher symptoms of body dysmorphia and lower levels of body satisfaction. This hypothesis was also supported, with men reporting higher symptoms of body dysmorphia and lower levels of body satisfaction as the discrepancy between actual and ideal selves increased. The suggestion is that men who have more symptoms of body dysmorphia want to change more about themselves in general and want to strive to achieve their ideal self. The present study is important because a greater understanding of the relationship between body attitude/satisfaction and self-concept could help in designing effective interventions for such clinical problems as eating disorders and poor body attitude (Sondhaus, Kurtz, & Strube, 2001). This study may help initiate treatment for individuals who have body image problems or disorders, which focuses on the entire individual and self-concept and not simply on the body image problems and symptoms.

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Steer, Rebecca. "Body image and affect : a self-discrepancy interaction framework." Thesis, Bangor University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.574549.

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Overview of the Thesis Research interest in body image has accelerated in recent decades. As such, there exists a substantial body of literature examining affective and behavioural correlates of body dissatisfaction. Although this literature has consistently demonstrated positive relationships between body dissatisfaction and depression, social physique anxiety, disordered eating and physical inactivity, the underlying mechanisms of the relationships between one's body image and affect remain poorly understood. Furthermore, although body image researchers have commonly examined discrepancies between one's current (or actual) self and one's ideal self, they have not commonly done so within an established theoretical framework. Higgins' (1987) self-discrepancy theory proposes that individuals possess three selves: an actual self, an ideal self, and an ought self; and that discrepancies between these selves result in distinct emotional consequences. Furthermore, it has been proposed that individuals possess a feared self, which may act as a moderator of the relationships between ideal and ought selves, and affect. Although this proposal has begun to receive research attention within the global self-discrepancy literature, it has yet to be examined within the context of body image. As such, utilising a self-discrepancy theory framework, this thesis presents a detailed examination of ideal, ought and feared body image self-discrepancies and their interactions as predictors of social physique anxiety, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating attitudes. The first study extends the work of Carver et al. (1999) and W oodman and Hemmings (2008) by examining the moderating role of the feared self in the relationship between women's ought body fat discrepancies and social physique anxiety. Specifically, we examined the hypothesis that the positive relationship between ought body fat discrepancies and social physique anxiety will be stronger when women are farther from their feared self. Results were in line with that hypothesised and provide initial support for such an interaction framework in examining body self-discrepancies; highlighting the importance of considering the role ofthe feared self in the relationship between body self- discrepancies and social physique anxiety. Study 2 was an examination of the interaction between ought and feared body fat discrepancies in predicting social physique anxiety and disordered eating attitudes. Study 2 extended the fmdings of Study 1 by examining a model of mediated moderation such that ought and feared discrepancies interact to significantly predict disordered eating attitudes, 11 III and that this relationship is mediated by social physique anxiety. Results demonstrated that the ought x feared interaction on disordered eating attitudes was fully mediated by social physique anxiety. However, the form ofthe ought x feared interaction was in contrast to that hypothesised (cf. Study 1). Specifically, the positive relationship between ought body fat discrepancies and disordered eating attitudes was significant only when women were close to their feared self. Study 3 addressed the growing body of correlational and experimental literature examining the effects of acute exposure to media ideals on body image and associated affect (e.g., Halliwell & Dittmar, 2004, 2005). We extended this by examining the moderating role of exposure to media ideals on the relationship between body discrepancy magnitude and affect. Specifically, we examined whether the positive relationships between ideal discrepancies and body dissatisfaction; and ought body discrepancies and social physique anxiety, are attenuated by exposure to media ideals. Results provided support for these hypotheses such that the positive relationship between ideal body discrepancies & body satisfaction, and ought body discrepancies & social physique anxiety, were weaker following exposure to media ideals compared to a control condition. Utilising a hierarchical linear modelling approach, Study 4 examined within-person variability in the specific shape of interactions between self-guides in predicting social physique anxiety. Specifically, we examined whether the moderating role of the feared self differs as a function of mean levels of social physique anxiety. Results demonstrated a three-way cross-level interaction such that when mean social physique anxiety was high, the positive relationship between ideal discrepancies and social physique anxiety was significant only when participants were relatively far from their feared self. In contrast, when mean social physique anxiety was low, the positive relationship between ideal discrepancies and social physique anxiety was significant only when participants were relatively close to their feared self. The fmal chapter presents a discussion of the central fmdings of the thesis and the advances made in understanding the interplay between body self-discrepancies in predicting affect. Furthermore, we discuss the implications and propose future directions for body image, social physique anxiety and self-discrepancy research.

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Santos, Nicole Marie. "Work family conflict and the real/ideal self discrepancy." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3388.

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One of the many issues facing dual-career families today is work family conflict (WFC). WFC is a source of stress due to incompatible roles that conflict with each other in terms of ones time and energy. This study was done to develop a valid reliable measure of career and family responsibility in hopes of adequately determining the source of WFC. The key point was to look at real and ideal selves, in terms of work and family responsibilities.

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Jung, Jaehee. "Body image as a function of social comparison, self-schema, and self-discrepancy." Connect to this title online, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1112639819.

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Arena, Katia F. "Self discrepancy, emotional distress and functioning in traumatic brain injury." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.571646.

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Background: Individuals who have sustained a traumatic brain injury (TB I) may face a number of challenges in physical, psychological, and social domains, which may result in emotional distress. Changes in level of functioning and self-concept have been found to be particularly salient in the experience of emotional distress, as individuals with a TBI may mourn the loss of their previous abilities, roles, and relationships which defined their identity. Objectives: This study aims to examine whether the relationship between level of functioning and emotional distress may be explained by discrepancies between pre- injury and post-injury self-concept. Design: A single sample within-group design was used to investigate the associations between self-discrepancies, level of functioning, and emotional distress. Method: Seventy individuals with a TBI were recruited from statutory and voluntary community services. Participants completed the Head Injury Semantic Differential ill to measure self-discrepancies, and the Beck Depression Inventory 2nd edition and the Beck Anxiety Inventory to measure emotional distress. The Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 was completed by a health professional or significant other to obtain a measure of participants' current level of functioning on domains of abilities, adjustment and participation. Results: Correlational analyses revealed pre-injury and ideal self-states were significantly different (in the same direction) from current self, but also significantly different from each other. Significant associations were also found between lower levels of functioning and higher levels of self-discrepancies. Regression analyses provided support for the hypothesis that higher psychological distress and lower levels of functioning would be mediated by self-discrepancies. Conclusions: Self-discrepancies clearly play an important role in an individual's level of functioning and experience of emotional distress post-TB!. The complex interaction between these constructs requires future research to further elucidate their relationships. In addition, the development of more holistic approaches in clinical interventions and rehabilitation for this client group are recommended.

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小平, 英志, and Hideshi Kodaira. "「最低限こうでなくてはいけない」自己と現実自己との不一致." 名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/3032.

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Books on the topic "Self-discrepancy"

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Scharf, Paula F. SELF-CONCEPT, PROFESSIONAL ROLE DISCREPANCY, AND BURNOUT AMONG PROFESSIONAL NURSES EMPLOYED IN HOSPITAL SETTINGS. 1985.

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Bowar-Ferres, Susan Louise. THE RELATIONSHIP OF DISCREPANCY OF SELF-CONCEPT, HEALTH LOCUS-OF-CONTROL, AND THE VALUE OF HEALTH TO CHANGES IN THE SMOKING BEHAVIOR OF WOMEN OVER FOUR MONTHS TIME. 1987.

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Shafir, Eldar. Preference Inconsistency. Edited by Matthew D. Adler and Marc Fleurbaey. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199325818.013.27.

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A discrepancy between standard economic assumptions and observed behavior centers around individual preferences, which are assumed to be well ordered and consistent, but descriptively shown to be inconsistent and malleable. Not having at their disposal a reliable procedure for assigning values to options, people construct their preferences in the context of decision. As a result, the attractiveness of options depends on, among other things, the nature of other options in the set, the procedure used to express preference, the context of evaluation, and the decision-maker’s self-conception. The varieties of psychological experience underlying preference inconsistency are reviewed, and their implications are discussed. Preference inconsistency, it is proposed, is the outcome not of distracted shortcuts or avoidable errors, but of fundamental aspects of mental life that are central to how people process information. Although people endorse basic consistency criteria, their preferences are inherently inconsistent, with important implications for policy and welfare.

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Carbonara, Emanuela. Law and Social Norms. Edited by Francesco Parisi. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199684267.013.032.

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Legal norms are often seen as a means to regulate behaviour when neither self-interest nor social norms produce the desired behaviour in individuals. This suggests, on the one hand, that the law should regulate those areas in which social norms do not exist and provide support and extra enforcement in those areas where social norms exist. It also suggests on the other hand that there seems to be no questioning of the intrinsic efficiency and fairness of existing social norms. This article first looks at the genesis of social norms and the mechanism of their enforcement. This allows a closer inspection of the efficiency and fairness concepts. It then considers the impact that introducing legal norms has in contexts in which social norms already exist and in those that social interaction left unregulated. The main issue here is that the social norms prevailing at some historical moment may be just an equilibrium among multiple equilibriums. Given many possible equilibriums, we need to explain why and how one equilibrium is selected and others are rejected. The scholarship on social norms emphasizes that expressive acts in law can select the equilibrium. Legal norms seemingly reinforce existing social norms, bending them towards the law when discrepancy exists and favouring their creation where social norms do not exist. However, legal regulation can also destroy existing social norms (crowding out) or it can be defeated by them (legal backlash and countervailing effects).

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Rasula, Jed. Acrobatic Modernism from the Avant-Garde to Prehistory. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833949.001.0001.

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This is a book about artistic modernism contending with the historical transfigurations of modernity. As a conscientious engagement with modernity’s restructuring of the lifeworld, the modernist avant-garde raised the stakes of this engagement to programmatic explicitness. But even beyond the vanguard, the global phenomenon of jazz combined somatic assault with sensory tutelage. Jazz, like the new technologies of modernity, recalibrated sensory ratios. The criterion of the new as self-making also extended to names: pseudonyms and heteronyms. The protocols of modernism solicited a pragmatic arousal of bodily sensation as artistic resource, validating an acrobatic sensibility ranging from slapstick and laughter to the pathos of bereavement. Expressivity trumped representation. The artwork was a diagram of perception, not a mimetic rendering. For artists, the historical pressures of altered perception provoked new models, and Ezra Pound’s slogan “Make It New” became the generic rallying cry of renovation. The paradigmatic stance of the avant-garde was established by Futurism, but the discovery of prehistoric art added another provocation to artists. Paleolithic caves validated the spirit of all-over composition, unframed and dynamic. Geometric abstraction, Constructivism and Purism, and Surrealism were all in quest of a new mythology. “Making it new” yielded a new pathos in the sensation of radical discrepancy between futurist striving and remotest antiquity. The Paleolithic cave and the USSR emitted comparable siren calls on behalf of the remote past and the desired future. As such, the present was suffused with the pathos of being neither, but subject to both.

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Book chapters on the topic "Self-discrepancy"

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Nguyen, Thuy D., and Waros Ngamsiriudom. "Self Discrepancy and Consumption Attitudes." In Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science, 192–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10951-0_68.

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Happa, Jassim. "Cyber Resilience Using Self-Discrepancy Theory." In Studies in Big Data, 363–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65722-2_23.

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Lay, Clarry H. "Trait Procrastination, Agitation, Dejection, and Self-Discrepancy." In Procrastination and Task Avoidance, 97–112. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0227-6_5.

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Peng, Ling, Lisa C. Wan, and Patrick S. Poon. "Self-Discrepancy and Consumer Responses to Counterfeit Products." In Multinationals and Global Consumers, 207–24. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137307293_10.

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Irie, Kay, and Damon R. Brewster. "7. One Curriculum, Three Stories: Ideal L2 Self and L2-Self-Discrepancy Profiles." In Language Learning Motivation in Japan, edited by Matthew T. Apple, Dexter Da Silva, and Terry Fellner, 110–28. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781783090518-009.

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Latawski, Paul. "The ‘Discrepancy between State and Ethnographic Frontiers’: Dmowski and Masaryk on Self-determination." In T. G. MASARYK (1850–1937), 86–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20576-9_7.

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Brockner, Joel, Batia M. Wiesenfeld, and Daphna F. Raskas. "Self-Esteem and Expectancy-Value Discrepancy: The Effects of Believing that You can (or can’t) Get What You Want." In Self-Esteem, 219–40. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8956-9_12.

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Falk Erhag, Hanna. "Good Self-Rated Health as an Indicator of Personal Capability in Old Age." In International Perspectives on Aging, 51–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78063-0_5.

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AbstractSelf-rated health, or self-assessed health, is based on asking individuals to evaluate their general health status on a four- or five-point scale, with response options ranging from ‘very good’ to ‘very poor’. This simple question has been one of the most frequently used health indicators for decades. In nursing research, the voices, interpretations and understanding of humans, as well as their ability to shape their experiences, are studied through the collection and analysis of primarily qualitative materials that are subjective and narrative in nature. However, knowledge about subjective experiences of health and illness, situated and filtered through the life-world of the individual, can also be sought using other approaches. The aim of this chapter is twofold. Firstly, it aims to outline perspectives on how epidemiology and population-based studies of self-rated health as an indicator of subjective experiences can generate new evidence to solve nursing problems and expand nursing knowledge. Secondly, based on the hypothesis that there is an association between good self-rated health and a person’s capability to master the gains and losses of late life, the chapter also aims to describe how personal capability can be operationalised as self-rated health, given that this seemingly simple question delegates to the individual the task of synthesising, in a single evaluation, the many dimensions that make up the complex concept of health and wellbeing in old age. Although a person’s capabilities are dependent on a large variety of factors, at the individual level, symptom experience, chronic illnesses and functional disability are paramount. Therefore, in this chapter, the focus will be on self-rated health as an indicator of personal capability in the fourth age – the period of late life characterised by illness, frailty, impairment and dependence on others. To study self-rated health during this period of life is especially interesting in that the discrepancy between subjective and objective health seems to increase with age, and older olds tend to rate their health as better than younger olds given the same level of disease and functioning.

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Liang, Zilu. "Not Just a Matter of Accuracy: A fNIRS Pilot Study into Discrepancy Between Sleep Data and Subjective Sleep Experience in Quantified-Self Sleep Tracking." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 74–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99197-5_7.

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Bao, Heng, Lirui Deng, Jiazhi Guan, Liang Zhang, and Xunxun Chen. "Improving Deepfake Video Detection with Comprehensive Self-consistency Learning." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 151–61. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8285-9_11.

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AbstractDeepfake videos created by generative-base models have become a serious societal problem recently as been hardly distinguishable by human eyes, which has aroused a lot of academic attention. Previous researches have made effort to address this problem by various schemes to extract visual artifacts of non-pristine frames or discrepancy between real and fake videos, where the patch-based approaches are shown to be promising but mostly used in frame-level prediction. In this paper, we propose a method that leverages comprehensive consistency learning in both spatial and temporal relation with patch-based feature extraction. Extensive experiments on multiple datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our approach by combines all consistency cue together.

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Conference papers on the topic "Self-discrepancy"

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Alweiss, Ryan, Yang P. Liu, and Mehtaab Sawhney. "Discrepancy minimization via a self-balancing walk." In STOC '21: 53rd Annual ACM SIGACT Symposium on Theory of Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3406325.3450994.

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Imran, Naveed, and Ronald F. Demara. "A Self-Configuring TMR Scheme Utilizing Discrepancy Resolution." In 2011 International Conference on Reconfigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/reconfig.2011.5.

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Suh, Ayoung, and Kyung-shik Shin. "Self Discrepancy, Perceived Privacy Rights, and Contribution in Virtual Communities." In 2012 45th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2012.520.

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Raza, Sajid, Osama Abaza, Fazal R. Safi, and Arshad Hussain. "The Discrepancy between Actual Operating Speed and Drivers’ Self-Reported Speed." In International Conference on Transportation and Development 2019. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482575.020.

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Alsaggaf, Rania M. "The Impact of Snapchat Beautifying Filters on Beauty Standards and Self-image: A Self-Discrepancy Approach." In The European Conference on Arts & Humanities 2021. The International Academic Forum(IAFOR), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22492/issn.2188-1111.2021.4.

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Song, Yuqing, and Jinyong Cheng. "Self-supervised anomaly detection of medical images based on dual-module discrepancy." In MMAsia '23: ACM Multimedia Asia. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3595916.3626388.

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Wagensveld, Lisa, Christof van Nimwegen, and Sander Bakkes. "Identifying Body Appreciation by Visualising Actual/Ideal Self-Discrepancy: An Avatar Creation Task." In FDG 2023: Foundations of Digital Games 2023. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3582437.3582450.

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Chen, Yuzhao, Yatao Bian, Xi Xiao, Yu Rong, Tingyang Xu, and Junzhou Huang. "On Self-Distilling Graph Neural Network." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/314.

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Recently, the teacher-student knowledge distillation framework has demonstrated its potential in training Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). However, due to the difficulty of training over-parameterized GNN models, one may not easily obtain a satisfactory teacher model for distillation. Furthermore, the inefficient training process of teacher-student knowledge distillation also impedes its applications in GNN models. In this paper, we propose the first teacher-free knowledge distillation method for GNNs, termed GNN Self-Distillation (GNN-SD), that serves as a drop-in replacement of the standard training process. The method is built upon the proposed neighborhood discrepancy rate (NDR), which quantifies the non-smoothness of the embedded graph in an efficient way. Based on this metric, we propose the adaptive discrepancy retaining (ADR) regularizer to empower the transferability of knowledge that maintains high neighborhood discrepancy across GNN layers. We also summarize a generic GNN-SD framework that could be exploited to induce other distillation strategies. Experiments further prove the effectiveness and generalization of our approach, as it brings: 1) state-of-the-art GNN distillation performance with less training cost, 2) consistent and considerable performance enhancement for various popular backbones.

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Gao, Huajian. "The Mechanism of Escaping Self-Discrepancy Through Video Gaming and College Students' Academic Commitment." In 2021 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1686397.

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Parung, Christabel Annora Paramita, Brian Kurniawan Jaya, Dian Prianka, and Viviany Viviany. "How does Self-Discrepancy Influences the Creation of Virtual Fashion Avatar in Digital Fashion?" In 13th Annual International International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management. Michigan, USA: IEOM Society International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46254/an13.20230287.

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Reports on the topic "Self-discrepancy"

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Park, Minjung, and Hye-Young Kim. The Joint Effect of Self-Monitoring and Self-Ideal Discrepancy on Consumer Attitude toward Luxury Fashion Brands. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1410.

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