Relevant bibliographies by topics / Self-interested individuals

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Self-interested individuals'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Self-interested individuals.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Self-interested individuals"

1

Charness, Gary, and Matthias Sutter. "Groups Make Better Self-Interested Decisions." Journal of Economic Perspectives 26, no. 3 (2012): 157–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.26.3.157.

Full text
Abstract:
In this paper, we describe what economists have learned about differences between group and individual decision-making. This literature is still young, and in this paper, we will mostly draw on experimental work (mainly in the laboratory) that has compared individual decision-making to group decision-making, and to individual decision-making in situations with salient group membership. The bottom line emerging from economic research on group decision-making is that groups are more likely to make choices that follow standard game-theoretic predictions, while individuals are more likely to be in
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Emett, Scott A., Ronald N. Guymon, William B. Tayler, and Donald Young. "Controls and the Asymmetric Stickiness of Norms." Accounting Horizons 33, no. 4 (2019): 119–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/acch-52487.

Full text
Abstract:
SYNOPSIS This study investigates how formal control systems and the behavior of peers influence behavior in accounting settings with imperfect controls. We manipulate formal controls and social norms in a laboratory experiment, allowing us to precisely investigate the interactive effect of these two factors on behavior. We provide evidence that when initial controls are strong and subsequently weakened, individuals behave in a more self-interested manner in subsequent settings than individuals who are in a setting where initial controls are weak and subsequently strengthened. We also provide e
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Marciano, Alain. "BUCHANAN’S NON-COERCIVE ECONOMICS FOR SELF-INTERESTED INDIVIDUALS: ETHICS, SMALL GROUPS, AND THE SOCIAL CONTRACT." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 38, no. 1 (2016): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837215000735.

Full text
Abstract:
Market failures, which are usually viewed as a consequence of self-interest, are also supposed to be a major justification for coercive state interventions. This was the view of, among others, Richard Musgrave and Paul Samuelson, but not of James Buchanan. The latter certainly admitted that individuals are self-interested, that markets fail to allocate resources efficiently, but did not believe in the need for coercion. In this paper, we show that, to Buchanan, coercion can be unnecessary if certain post-constitutional conditions are satisfied. We show that he believed that self-interested ind
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Dietrich, Michael, and Donna Rowen. "Ethical Principles and Economic Analysis." Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 16, no. 3 (2005): 247–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02601079x05001600303.

Full text
Abstract:
Traditional economics assumes that economic agents are self-interested, whereas arguably individuals are ethically motivated and aware, and hence economic analysis can benefit from an incorporation of ethical motivation, awareness and intention. We argue that ethics can be incorporated into the individual decision-making process by adapting the assumption that individuals are self-interested through an expansion of the notion of self-interest which is consistent with rationality. Ethical motivation therefore has a self-interested foundation, as ethical motivation appears as an extension of sel
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Dobra, Alexandra. "Rawls' two principles of justice: their adoption by rational self-interested individuals in A Theory of Justice." E-LOGOS 17, no. 1 (2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/j.e-logos.273.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Warren, Mark. "Democratic Theory and Self-Transformation." American Political Science Review 86, no. 1 (1992): 8–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1964012.

Full text
Abstract:
Democratic theories that argue for expanding the scope and domain of democracy assume that democratic experiences will transform individuals in democratic ways. Individuals are likely to become more public-spirited, tolerant, knowledgeable, and self-reflective than they would otherwise be. This assumption depends on viewing the self as socially and discursively constituted, a view that contrasts with the standard liberal-democratic view of the self as prepolitically constituted and narrowly self-interested. The importance of the social and discursive view of the self is that it highlights how
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Chen, Feiyu, Hong Chen, Jiahui Yang, Ruyin Long, and Qianwen Li. "Impact of Information Intervention on the Recycling Behavior of Individuals with Different Value Orientations—An Experimental Study on Express Delivery Packaging Waste." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (2018): 3617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103617.

Full text
Abstract:
Changing residents’ recycling behavior at the source of waste generation is a fundamental way to solve the environmental and resource problems caused by express delivery packaging waste. Information intervention is a common means to help transform individual environmental protection behavior. In this study, behavioral experiments were used to examine the changes in individual express packaging waste recycling behaviors under the intervention of written and pictorial information. Differences in information processing and behavior decision-making among individuals (N = 660) categorized as self-i
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Herold, Florian. "Carrot or Stick? The Evolution of Reciprocal Preferences in a Haystack Model." American Economic Review 102, no. 2 (2012): 914–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.2.914.

Full text
Abstract:
We study the evolution of both characteristics of reciprocity: the willingness to reward and the willingness to punish. First, both preferences for rewarding and preferences for punishing can survive provided that individuals interact within separate groups. Second, rewarders survive only in coexistence with self-interested preferences, but punishers either vanish or dominate the population entirely. Third, the evolution of preferences for rewarding and the evolution of preferences for punishing influence each other decisively. Rewarders can invade a population of self-interested players. The
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Bowles, S., and S. Polanía-Reyes. "Economic Incentives and Social Preferences: Substitutes or Complements? (Part 1)." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 4 (April 20, 2013): 24–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2013-4-24-48.

Full text
Abstract:
Explicit economic incentives designed to increase contributions to public goods and to promote other pro-social behavior sometimes are counterproductive or less effective than would be predicted among entirely self-interested individuals. This may occur when incentives adversely affect individuals’ altruism, ethical norms, intrinsic motives to serve the public, and other social preferences. The opposite also occurs—crowding in — though it appears less commonly.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Hou, Chenxuan, Emine Sarigöllü, Myung-Soo Jo, and Dapeng Liang. "Stepping Outside the Self Promotes Pro-Environmental Behaviors." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (2018): 3128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093128.

Full text
Abstract:
Although different self-perspectives can prompt different mindsets, leading to different responses, little is known about how self-perspective impacts pro-environmental behaviors. This study explores the effect of self-perspective, i.e., either self-immersed or self-distanced perspective, on environmental attitudes and behavior. Based on an online survey of 409 respondents in the United States, we find that pro-environmental behaviors are perceived as more important and less costly from a self-distanced perspective, compared to a self-immersed one, which in turn facilitates more engagement in
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Self-interested individuals"

1

Robottom, Ian Morris, and kimg@deakin edu au. "Contestation and continuity in educational reform: A critical study of innovations in environmental education." Deakin University. School of Education, 1985. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20031126.092202.

Full text
Abstract:
This study explores the notion of contestation in environmental education. Contestation is a process in which self-interested individuals and groups in a social organisation cooperate, compete and negotiate in a complex interaction aimed at solving social problems. A "framework for critique" is developed, comprising technicist, liberal<interpretive and critical paradigms in each of scientific knowledge, educational innovation, educational research and education itself. This framework forms the basis from which a critique is mounted of contesting perspectives in environmental education at inter
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Books on the topic "Self-interested individuals"

1

Kurakin, Roman. Stock markets in Asia, Australia and the Pacific. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1041929.

Full text
Abstract:
The monograph describes the basic institutions of exchange rights of States Asia, Australia and the Pacific, analyzes the basic legal acts constituting the exchange legislation of the States, Asia, Australia and the Pacific; examined the procedure of state regulation of the exercise of economic activities on the stock market in Asia, Australia and the Pacific; describes the features of self-regulation of economic activities on the stock market in Asia, Australia and the Pacific.&#x0D; For students and teachers, and anyone interested in world trade issues and the stock markets of individual reg
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Lipskiy, Boris, Stanislav Gusev, Grigoriy Tul'chinskiy, and Boris Markov. Fundamentals of Philosophy. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1014627.

Full text
Abstract:
"The textbook consists of five sections, each of which is devoted to one of the fundamental areas of philosophical knowledge. The first section describes the problem of the emergence of philosophy as a field of scientific knowledge and its main objectives; the second identifies the problems of the knowability of the world and examines the main forms of organization of knowledge; the third section is devoted to the problem of man and his place in the world; the fourth section concerns the analysis of social relations from family to political; the fifth section discusses the main ideas of the ph
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Voigt, Stefan. Constitutional Economics and the Law. Edited by Francesco Parisi. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199684267.013.016.

Full text
Abstract:
The economic analysis of constitutions, also known as ‘constitutional economics’ or ‘constitutional political economy’ is a young research program. Standard economics used to focus on the analysis of choices within rules, thus assuming rules to be exogenously given and fixed. Constitutional economics broadens this research program by analyzing the choice of rules, using the established method of economics, i.e. rational choice. This article discusses the two broad research avenues in constitutional economics: the normative branch, which is interested in legitimizing the state and its most basi
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Hudnut-Beumler, James. Afterword. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190280192.003.0010.

Full text
Abstract:
The essays in this volume present the case for attending to the business aspects of religious activities in American religious history. Individual essays model useful approaches for pursuing these dimensions of religious organizations without neglecting their religious dimensions. Some of the essays are also models for critical inquiry into the sometimes self-serving compromises religious individuals and groups make with market capitalism in contemporary American life. The essay considers why previous theologically inclined scholars have neglected the kind of inquiry represented by the volume
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Sugden, Robert. The Community of Advantage. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825142.001.0001.

Full text
Abstract:
Normative analysis in economics has usually aimed at satisfying individuals’ preferences. Its conclusions have supported a long-standing liberal tradition of economics that values economic freedom and views markets favourably. However, behavioural research shows that individuals’ preferences, as revealed in choices, are often unstable, and vary according to contextual factors that seem irrelevant for welfare. The Community of Advantage proposes a reformulation of normative economics that is compatible with what is now known about the psychology of choice. Other such reformulations have assumed
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Rhode, Deborah L. Ambition. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197538333.001.0001.

Full text
Abstract:
Ambition is a dominant force in human civilization, driving its greatest achievements and most horrific abuses. Our striving has brought art, airplanes, and antibiotics, as well as wars, genocide, and despotism. This mixed record raises obvious concerns about how we can channel ambition in the most productive directions. To that end, the book begins by exploring three central focuses of ambition: recognition, power, and money. It argues that an excessive preoccupation with these external markers for success can be self-defeating for individuals and toxic for society. Discussion then shifts to
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Butt, Daniel. Law, Governance, and the Ecological Ethos. Edited by Stephen M. Gardiner and Allen Thompson. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199941339.013.5.

Full text
Abstract:
This chapter examines the limitations of both command-and-control and market-based legal mechanisms in the pursuit of environmental justice. If the environment is to be protected to at least a minimally acceptable degree, approaches that focus on the coercive force of the state must be complemented by the development of an “ecological ethos,” whereby groups and individuals are motivated to act with non-self-interested concern for the environment. The need for this ethos means that the state is dependent on the cooperation of a wide range of non-state actors. Recent work on environmental govern
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Eller, Jonathan R. Exploring the Human Condition. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036293.003.0018.

Full text
Abstract:
This chapter focuses on Ray Bradbury's exploration of the human condition during the war years, and how he broadened his horizons through books and beyond. In July 1944, Henry Kuttner suggested a trip East. Bradbury turned to the South instead. Later that summer, he traveled to Mexico. He was interested in understanding not only the multiplicity of cultures in the region, but also his own personality—who he was, and what he believed in. Bradbury believed that the wartime boom in novels exploring faith and the modern crisis of faith distracted from what he called the “real, factual, scientific
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Kayama, Misa, Wendy Haight, May-Lee Ku, Minhae Cho, and Hee Yun Lee. Disability, Stigma, and Children's Developing Selves. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190844868.001.0001.

Full text
Abstract:
Stigmatization is part of the everyday lives of children with disabilities, their families, and their friends. Negative social encounters, even with perfect strangers, can dampen joyful occasions, add stress to challenging situations, and lead to social isolation. This book describes a program of research spanning a decade that seeks to understand disabilities in their developmental and cultural contexts. The authors are especially interested in understanding adults’ socialization practices that promise to reduce stigmatization in the next generation. Guided by developmental cultural psycholog
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Sutcliffe-Braithwaite, Florence. Class in Thatcherite Ideology and Rhetoric. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812579.003.0008.

Full text
Abstract:
This chapter examines Thatcherite rhetoric about class and individualism. Thatcher needed to distance herself from her own, narrow, upper-middle-class image; she also wanted to rid politics of class language, and thought that class was—or should be—irrelevant in 1980s Britain because of ‘embourgeoisement’. For Thatcher, ‘bourgeois’ was defined by particular values (thrift, hard work, self-reliance) and she wanted to use the free market to incentivize more of the population to display these values, which she thought would lead to a moral and also a prosperous society. Thatcherite individualism
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Self-interested individuals"

1

Peary, Alexandria. "Taking Self-Help Books Seriously: The Informal Aesthetic Education of Writers." In New Directions in Book History. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53614-5_9.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractAesthetic education with a writing focus has occurred in the United States through two vehicles: textbooks in classroom-based instruction or self-help books in extracurricular instruction. Writing self-help books, or texts which address a readership interested in learning about writing independent of a teacher or university, played a significant role in guiding countless individuals during the twentieth century and continue to do so today (For the purposes of this article, “self-help” refers exclusively to self-help literature offering advice about the act of writing and not to any of the myriad of other self-help topics [dieting, relationships, and so forth]). The evolution of these self-help books paralleled the development of college and university writing courses that arose early in the twentieth century: indeed, a powerful informal aesthetic education has been occurring through self-help books. In this chapter, I perform a textual analysis of five twentieth-century self-help books, all attracting substantial readership: Dorothea Brande’s Becoming a Writer (1934); Brenda Ueland’s If You Want to Write (1938); Peter Elbow’s Writing Without Teachers (1973); Natalie Goldberg’s Writing Down the Bones (1986); and Anne Lamott’s Bird by Bird (1995). An examination of these popular twentieth-century self-help books reveals four areas of overlapping content. Collectively, self-help books on writing address the role of the unconscious in composing, issues of control, the holistic nature of composing, and failures in traditional teaching, and they all formulate a broader argument about the universal ability of humans to be creative.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Moningka, Clara. "Self-Comparison." In Identity, Sexuality, and Relationships among Emerging Adults in the Digital Age. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1856-3.ch002.

Full text
Abstract:
In this chapter, the author is interested in studying more about self-comparison through social media; especially in Jakarta, Indonesia. In Indonesia, social media are commonly used and widely used by various groups. As many as 93% of Internet users in Indonesia are accessing Facebook. Jakarta is even referred as the capital of a text-based social media. The use of social media can be influenced by the collective culture in Indonesia. In this case social media is not just a tool but also the social environment, in which social interaction occurs. This is also influences how individuals view themselves. The topic of the psychological effects of social media has been much discussed. A lot of research conducted on the effect of social on development of self-concept and including self-esteem. Social media becoming a place for comparing oneself to others and it turn out it has a great effect.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Bromley, Daniel W. "Escaping Possessive Individualism." In Possessive Individualism. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190062842.003.0006.

Full text
Abstract:
Contemporary economics stands implicated in the triumph of possessive individualism. In viewing the individual as nothing but a utility-maximizing consumer, economic theory offers apologetics for the self-interested tendencies that imperil personhood. Managerial capitalism reifies the acquisitive urges embedded in contemporary economics. As the defects of managerial capitalism become apparent, escape seems impossible. This mental barrier persists because economics is not an evolutionary science. An economy is always in the process of becoming, and yet economic theory denies this “becoming” to consumers whose tastes and preferences are assumed to be unchanging—and none of our business. The escape requires an evolutionary economics that recognizes the individual as constantly engaged in a process of experiencing life and necessarily adapting to it. In that dynamic process, individuals are also crafting their own future. An evolutionary economics can help light the way as societies seek escape from the grip of possessive individualism.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Joseph, Claude. "The Role of Government in a Liberal Market Economy." In Advances in Public Policy and Administration. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4177-6.ch005.

Full text
Abstract:
This essay is a critical assessment of the market failure theory and public choice theory. While the market failure theory provides a justification for government intervention in the economy, the public choice theorists are very skeptical about the role of government as a corrector of market failures. Since government failures can be worse than market failures, the imperfections in the market process, they argue, do not necessarily call for government intervention. These two theoretical perspectives, notwithstanding their difference, do share something in common. Both assume that individuals are self-interested. This essay contends that a shift from rational self-interested behavior to bounded-rational behavior provides a less contested role for the government. With bounded-rational behavior, the state should no longer be viewed as a mere surrogate of the market, but as “a choice architect,” “an entrepreneur,” and “a manager of conflict.”
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Moningka, Clara. "Self-Comparison in the Digital World." In Recent Advances in Digital Media Impacts on Identity, Sexuality, and Relationships. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1063-6.ch012.

Full text
Abstract:
In this chapter, the author is interested in studying self-comparison in social media and its effect to the self-esteem in emerging adults. In Indonesia, social media are widely used by various groups. Jakarta is even referred as the capital of a text-based social media. Data in 2016 indicated that social media users in Indonesia have reached high ranking. Indonesia ranked fourth in the world for social media users and ranked first with Facebook with 111 million users, followed by Twitter. Indonesian Internet Service Provider Association explained that the biggest users were dominated by adolescents, amounting to 75.50% of the total users. The use of social media can be influenced by collective culture. This culture can influence how individuals evaluate themselves, including their self-esteem. The topic of the psychological effects of social media has been much discussed. A lot of research conducted on the effect of social on development of self-esteem. Social media becoming a place for comparing oneself to others and it turn out it has a great effect.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Sillitoe, Paul. "Economics and the Self-Interested Individual." In From Land to Mouth. Yale University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300142266.003.0002.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Løgstrup, K. E. "The Ethical Decision." In The Ethical Demand, translated by Bjørn Rabjerg and Robert Stern. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855989.003.0010.

Full text
Abstract:
This chapter considers a variety of ways in which, as fundamentally self-interested individuals, we try to camouflage that self-interest by making it look as if we are behaving rightly: for example, by evading an ethical action by insisting that it requires further reflection, or by inspecting our motives so that the time for action has passed. We reason in this way because we do not like being griped by the decision, and required to act. Nonetheless, our conscience can make us aware of these evasions, while also, in certain extreme or ‘heightened’ situations, we can still come to do the right thing, even while in more ordinary circumstances, when the risks are a lot less, we remain oblivious to the needs of others.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Jacobs, Lawrence R., and Desmond King. "The Rise of the Fed State." In Fed Power. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197573129.003.0002.

Full text
Abstract:
Chapter 2 analyzes the growth of America’s central bank from humble beginnings into the institutional behemoth it is now—what we call the Fed State. Two elements shaped the Bank’s developments since its establishment in 1913. First, the confluence of financial crises and the Fed’s self-interested maneuvering propelled it from a limited and marginalized body to a large and national institution with administrative capacity and independence that is unparalleled on the domestic front. Second, the Fed’s structures embody a “mobilization of bias” toward the organized, well-connected financial interests and corporations at the expense of disorganized, poorly resourced, and diffuse individuals and businesses.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Johnson, Laurie M. "Conclusion." In Thucydides, Hobbes, and the Interpretations of Realism. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501747809.003.0004.

Full text
Abstract:
This concluding chapter argues that Thucydides' approach to politics is more preferable than Hobbes's. Hobbes, despite his pessimistic assumptions about human nature, is not realistic. Is it realistic to assume that all people act predictably, that they are always guided strictly by self-interest, that all other motivations are a sham—or, if genuine, so rare that to take them into account is useless? According to Thucydides, human beings are multifaceted, so that it becomes necessary, for example, to examine individual leaders and to listen seriously to their reasons for acting a certain way. Thucydides also shows that there is a natural sociability in people that goes beyond vying for power and glory and, indeed, coexists with these urges, so that it is unrealistic not to take into account a certain amount of genuine altruism. Does Hobbes's account of leadership deal with the impact of great individuals on history? Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War contains individuals with varying motivations, some altruistic, some self-interested, some acting on rage and revenge. In other words, it reflects reality. As such, Thucydides, as often as Hobbes, has been dubbed the father of international realism. The chapter then discusses how realism and neorealism, despite their differences, share the same philosophical roots. It also suggests that Thucydides has been misunderstood and that he actually provides an interesting alternative approach to realism in the study of international politics.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Bowles, Samuel, and Herbert Gintis. "The Evolution of Strong Reciprocity." In A Cooperative Species. Princeton University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691151250.003.0009.

Full text
Abstract:
This chapter focuses on the evolution of strong reciprocity. A predisposition to cooperate and a willingness to punish defectors is known as strong reciprocity, and it is the combination of the two that is essential to human cooperation. Punishment reduces the gain to free-riding, and may induce even entirely self-interested individuals to cooperate. Before explaining how a willingness to punish those who violate social norms even at personal cost could have evolved, the chapter considers how punishment is coordinated among group members so that it is contingent on the number of others predisposed to participate in the punishment. It also shows that punishment is characterized by increasing returns to scale, so the total cost of punishing a particular target declines as the number of punishers increases. Finally, it discusses the results of simulations that illustrate the emergence of strong reciprocity and examines why coordinated punishment succeeds.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Self-interested individuals"

1

Safarkhani, Salar, Ilias Bilionis, and Jitesh H. Panchal. "Understanding the Effect of Task Complexity and Problem-Solving Skills on the Design Performance of Agents in Systems Engineering." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85941.

Full text
Abstract:
Systems engineering processes coordinate the efforts of many individuals to design a complex system. However, the goals of the involved individuals do not necessarily align with the system-level goals. Everyone, including managers, systems engineers, subsystem engineers, component designers, and contractors, is self-interested. It is not currently understood how this discrepancy between organizational and personal goals affects the outcome of complex systems engineering processes. To answer this question, we need a systems engineering theory that accounts for human behavior. Such a theory can
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Mattei, Nicholas, Paolo Turrini, and Stanislav Zhydkov. "PeerNomination: Relaxing Exactness for Increased Accuracy in Peer Selection." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/55.

Full text
Abstract:
In peer selection agents must choose a subset of themselves for an award or a prize. As agents are self-interested, we want to design algorithms that are impartial, so that an individual agent cannot affect their own chance of being selected. This problem has broad application in resource allocation and mechanism design and has received substantial attention in the artificial intelligence literature. Here, we present a novel algorithm for impartial peer selection, PeerNomination, and provide a theoretical analysis of its accuracy. Our algorithm possesses various desirable features. In particul
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Li, Shuxin, Xiaohong Li, Jianye Hao, et al. "Defending Against Man-In-The-Middle Attack in Repeated Games." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/523.

Full text
Abstract:
The Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack has become widespread in networks nowadays. The MITM attack would cause serious information leakage and result in tremendous loss to users. Previous work applies game theory to analyze the MITM attack-defense problem and computes the optimal defense strategy to minimize the total loss. It assumes that all defenders are cooperative and the attacker know defenders' strategies beforehand. However, each individual defender is rational and may not have the incentive to cooperate. Furthermore, the attacker can hardly know defenders' strategies ahead of schedule in
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Self-interested individuals' for particular source types:
Journal articles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography