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Journal articles on the topic 'Self objectification'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Sun, Qingqing, Lijun ZHENG, and Yong ZHENG. "Sexual Objectification and Women’s Self-objectification." Advances in Psychological Science 21, no. 10 (2013): 1794–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1042.2013.01794.

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Zurbriggen, Eileen L. "Objectification, Self-Objectification, and Societal Change." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 1, no. 1 (2013): 188–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v1i1.94.

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刘, 妍芊. "Female Self-Objectification and Others Objectification." Advances in Social Sciences 13, no. 10 (2024): 362–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ass.2024.1310933.

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Behera, Naresh, and Sipra Khuntia. "Self-Objectification, Self-Esteem, Social Connectedness, Self-Compassion, and Depression: A Serial Mediation Analysis." Indian Journal of Psychological Science 19, no. 2 (2024): 92–104. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14790784.

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Background: Girls generally objectify their physical bodies by engaging in photoshoots, dressing inmodern clothes and applying beauty products, whereas boys generally objectify their physical bodiesby driving for muscularity, which is fulfilling through engaging in excessive exercises, and usingsteroids. Self-objectification is associated with several mental health issues, especially eatingdisorders, appearance anxiety, body shame, depressive mood, and sexual dysfunction.Objective: The present study assessed the mediating role of self-esteem, social connectedness, andself-compassion between se

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Muehlenkamp, Jennifer J., Jenny D. Swanson, and Amy M. Brausch. "Self-Objectification, Risk Taking, and Self-Harm in College Women." Psychology of Women Quarterly 29, no. 1 (2005): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00164.x.

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Objectification theory proposes that the objectification of women's bodies causes women to self-objectify, adopting an outsider's view of themselves. Engaging in a high amount of self-objectification is thought to place women at increased risk for mental health problems such as body dissatisfaction and depression. It was hypothesized that self-objectification would contribute to negative body regard and depression, which would increase participation in risk-taking and self-harmful behaviors. Structural equation modeling was used to test a model of risk for self-harm based upon objectification

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6

Zola, Anne, and Renee Engeln. "Brains over beauty: A preregistered test of the effects of objectification on women’s cognitive performance." PLOS ONE 18, no. 9 (2023): e0291853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291853.

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The present study was a preregistered, well-powered experimental test of findings related to the effect of state self-objectification and anticipation of the sexualized male gaze on women’s cognitive performance. College women (n = 407) performed a working memory task in one of three randomly assigned conditions. In the experimental conditions (self-objectification and male gaze), women completed the task while being video recorded from the neck down. In the male gaze condition, participants were told their videos would later be evaluated by men as part of a separate dating study. Women in the

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Sherman, Aurora. "CONTROL BELIEFS MEDIATED BY SELF-OBJECTIFICATION IN RELATION TO ADULT WOMEN’S SELF-ESTEEM." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (2023): 584–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.1913.

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Abstract Beliefs about mastery of one’s environment as well as constraints on one’s personal control are predictive of well-being across mid-life and older adulthood. In addition, women’s level of self-objectification is predictive of well-being in early adulthood, but less is known about the role of self-objectification and well-being for mid-life or older women. This study investigated the role of control beliefs (mastery and constraints) and self-objectification in their relationship to the self-esteem of a sample of adult women (rage 48-90, Mean age = 67.83 years). We found that, compared

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8

Aubrey, Jennifer Stevens, and Ashton Gerding. "The Cognitive Tax of Self-Objectification." Journal of Media Psychology 27, no. 1 (2015): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000128.

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Objectification theory ( Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997 , Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21, 173–206) posits that a consequence of living in a sexually objectifying culture is self-objectification, a cognitively taxing preoccupation with one’s appearance. The present study investigated the effects of exposure to sexual objectification of female artists in music videos, on female emerging adults’ self-objectification and their ability to cognitively process subsequent television commercials. Results indicated that exposure to music videos high in sexual objectification induced self-objectifica

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Tran, Sydney. "Cohort Differences in Self-Objectification." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.215.

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Abstract Sexual objectification socializes women to engage in self-objectification—the tendency to view one’s body as an object to be used by others and evaluating one’s value in terms of attractiveness to others (Noll & Fredrickson, 1998)—and leads to negative psychological consequences. As women age, their bodies move further away from the thin ideal (Guo, Zeller, Chumlea, & Siervogel; 1999) potentially making them more susceptible to body i concerns and dissatisfaction. However, may also begin using selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) strategies, countering the impacts o

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10

Tiggemann, Marika, and Michelle Boundy. "Effect of Environment and Appearance Compliment on College Women's Self-Objectification, Mood, Body Shame, and Cognitive Performance." Psychology of Women Quarterly 32, no. 4 (2008): 399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2008.00453.x.

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Objectification theory contends that women self-objectify as a result of internalizing an external observer's perspective of their physical selves. Self-objectification has been examined as both a stable enduring trait and as a context dependant state. The present study attempted to trigger state self-objectification by relatively subtle manipulation of the immediate physical and social environment. Participants were 96 female undergraduate students who completed questionnaire measures and cognitive tasks in a 2 (a subtle objectifying environment versus a standard environment) x 2 (an appearan

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11

Sesemann, Vasily, and Dalius Jonkus. "Self-knowledge, self-consciousness and objectification." RUDN Journal of Philosophy 27, no. 1 (2023): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2302-2023-27-1-52-61.

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The manuscript “Self-knowledge, self-consciousness and objectification” is the text of Sesemann’s manuscript collection, Vilnius University (F122-102). The manuscript in the notebook dates from the third quarter of 1954 (Krasnokamsk). The notes were made in ink, some in pencil. The text was written during Sesemann's stay in a labor camp in Taishet (Irkutsk region) in 1950-1955. Due to the limited volume of publications in the journal, only part of Sesemann's text is given.

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Muehlenkamp, Jennifer J., and Renee N. Saris-Baglama. "Self-Objectification and Its Psychological Outcomes for College Women." Psychology of Women Quarterly 26, no. 4 (2002): 371–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-6402.t01-1-00076.

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The objectification of women by our society can become internalized by women, resulting in negative psychological outcomes. Using Fredrickson and Roberts' (1997) objectification theory, we tested a model of the relationships between self-objectification and disordered eating and depressive symptoms in a sample of undergraduate women ( n = 384). One postulate of self-objectification theory is that self-objectification can lead to a lack of internal awareness, which may mediate the relationship between self-objectification and restrictive eating, bulimic, and depressive symptoms. Results of stru

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Giles, S., J. Rabinowicz, C. Raux, M. Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, and I. Krug. "An examination of the direct and indirect effect of self-objectification and disordered eating." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (2021): S705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1868.

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IntroductionObjectification theory argues that self-objectification confers risk for disordered eating (DE) both directly, and indirectly through a cascade of negative psychological consequences (e.g. low mood and self-conscious body monitoring). Robust cross-sectional evidence supports these relationships. However, these cross-sectional studies do not provide evidence for the complex intraindividual psychological processes outlined in objectification theory which purportedly contribute to DE.ObjectivesUsing an ecological momentary assessment design, the current study investigated the direct w

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Lindner, Danielle, and Stacey Tantleff-Dunn. "The Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Self-Objectification Beliefs and Behaviors Scale." Psychology of Women Quarterly 41, no. 2 (2017): 254–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684317692109.

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Given the limitations of existing measures of self-objectification, the purpose of the two studies presented in this article was to develop and validate a new measure of self-objectification, the Self-Objectification Beliefs and Behaviors Scale (SOBBS). In Study 1, a total of 654 women completed an online questionnaire including a pool of items designed to measure self-objectification. The item pool was constructed through focus groups and consultation with subject matter experts. Participants also completed existing measures of self-objectification and related constructs. A subset of particip

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Zhang, He, Hongyu Li, Can Jiang, Yafeng Tu, and Mengyao Xi. "The Relationship between Self-objectification and Adolescent Appearance Anxiety: A Mediated Model with Moderation." Actas Españolas de Psiquiatría 53, no. 2 (2025): 359–65. https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v53i2.1742.

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Background: The physical appearances of an individual are frequently scrutinized and evaluated by others in daily life. The rise of social media has intensified this scrutiny, leading to increased attention to and comparison of the appearance of an individual with others, leading to psychological challenges such as appearance anxiety. This study, from the perspective of self-objectification, explored the influence of self-objectification on appearance anxiety and the role of social appearance comparison and self-compassion in the relationship between self-objectification and appearance anxiety

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Angulo-Sherman, Irma N., Annel Saavedra-Hernández, Natalia E. Urbina-Arias, Zahamara Hernández-Granados, and Mario Sainz. "Preliminary Evidence of EEG Connectivity Changes during Self-Objectification of Workers." Sensors 22, no. 20 (2022): 7906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22207906.

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Economic objectification is a form of dehumanization in which workers are treated as tools for enhancing productivity. It can lead to self-objectification in the workplace, which is when people perceive themselves as instruments for work. This can cause burnout, emotional drain, and a modification of self-perception that involves a loss of human attributes such as emotions and reasoning while focusing on others’ perspectives for evaluating the self. Research on workers self-objectification has mainly analyzed the consequences of this process without exploring the brain activity that underlies

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Bachner-Melman, Rachel, Lilac Lev-Ari, Hadar Tiram, and Ada H. Zohar. "Self-Objectification, Disordered Eating and Sexual Orientation in Men." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 1 (2024): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21010106.

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The interplay between disordered eating, depressive symptoms and self-objectification differs between genders and sexual orientations, and merits further study in homosexual and heterosexual men. We examined disordered eating, depressive symptoms and self-objectification in a sample of Israeli heterosexual and homosexual men. Participants were 215 men aged 19–65, 108 of whom were classified by the Kinsey scale as being heterosexual and 107 as homosexual. They completed online measures of self-objectification, disordered eating and depressive symptoms. Heterosexual men reported lower levels of

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Grabe, Shelly, Clay Routledge, Alison Cook, Christie Andersen, and Jamie Arndt. "In Defense of the Body: The Effect of Mortality Salience on Female Body Objectification." Psychology of Women Quarterly 29, no. 1 (2005): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00165.x.

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Previous research has illustrated the negative psychological consequences of female body objectification. The present study explores how female body objectification may serve as a defense against unconscious existential fears. Drawing from terror management theory, an experiment was designed to test the potential functionality of female body objectification. Men and women were primed to think about either their own mortality or an aversive control topic, and levels of body objectification were then assessed for both self- and other (women)-objectification. Findings supported the hypothesis tha

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Kalimi, Adiba. "Self-Objectification, Self-Esteem and Life Satisfaction in Young Adult Females." International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews 4, no. 7 (2023): 2644–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.4.723.37850.

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Naqi, Sundas, Nazia Iqbal, and Anum Gull. "SELF-OBJECTIFICATION AND BODY SHAME: A STUDY ABOUT APPEARANCE ANXIETY AMONG PAKISTANI STUDENTS PARTICIPATING IN SPORTS." SKY-International Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences (IJPESS) 6 (December 14, 2022): 30–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.51846/the-sky.v6i0.1653.

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Abstract Objectives. The presented study was aimed to examine self-objectification and body shame in relation to appearance anxiety among college students participating in sports (N=300). Method. The sample included students of Rawalpindi and Islamabad colleges including both sectors government and private colleges as well as both genders, male (N=150) and female college students (N=150). The self-objectification was assessed through The Surveillance subscale of Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (McKinley & Hyde, 1996), appearance anxiety through Appearance Anxiety Scale bri

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21

Prichard, Ivanka, and Marika Tiggemann. "Predictors of Self-Objectification in New Female Fitness Center Members." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 21, no. 1 (2012): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.21.1.24.

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This study aimed to identify predictors of self-objectification among exercising women. A brief questionnaire incorporating demographic questions and measures of self-objectification was completed by 133 new female fitness center members (aged 16 to 68 years) upon joining a fitness center and 12 months later. Results demonstrated that young women who remained fitness center members had greater self-objectification at 12 months than women who ceased their memberships. Furthermore, both initial age and reasons for exercise predicted subsequent increases in self-objectification. Specifically, bei

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22

Lin, Sen, Liming Li, and Libiao Jiang. "Online Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Experiences and Teenage Girls’ Self-Objectification: The Role of Broad Conceptualization of Beauty." Behavioral Sciences 12, no. 7 (2022): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12070210.

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Self-objectification is a common and deleterious phenomenon among young teenage girls, for which interpersonal sexual objectification experiences are a great risk; in the current information era, sexual objectification experiences may also expand into the online space. Based on this, this study aimed to examine the association between online interpersonal sexual objectification (OISO) experiences and teenage girls’ self-objectification, as well as the potential moderating role of broad conceptualization of beauty in relation to this. Seven hundred and seventy-one female undergraduate students

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23

Gervais, Sarah J., and M. Meghan Davidson. "Objectification Among College Women in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence." Violence and Victims 28, no. 1 (2013): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.28.1.36.

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This study examined intimate partner violence (IPV) and objectification. Specifically, the associations between psychological and physical abuse and self-objectification, body surveillance, and body shame for college women were considered through the lens of objectification theory. Consistent with Hypothesis 1, bivariate correlations showed that more psychological abuse was associated with more self-objectification, more body surveillance, and more body shame. As well, more physical abuse was associated with more body surveillance and more body shame. However, when the unique effects of psycho

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Ciutarno, Novia, and Heni Gerda Pesau. "Self-Objectification dan Body Shame pada Perempuan Dewasa Awal." Journal of Indonesian Psychological Science (JIPS) 4, no. 2 (2024): 160–75. https://doi.org/10.18860/jips.v4i2.29100.

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Changes in interest about appearance and social roles made women in early adulthood begin to feel anxious about living in a new environment and trigger the possibility of experiencing objectification from others. Women who internalize this objectification will experience self-objectification which can cause body shame when their body does not meet the ideal beauty standards. This research aims to analyze the relationship between self-objectification and body shame of women in early adulthood. This study involved 150 women in early adulthood aged 20 to 30 years and domiciled in Makassar City. T

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25

Ren, Yujie. "The Impact of Childhood Trauma on Self-objectification in Female College Students: The Mediating Role of Self-esteem." International Journal of Education and Humanities 10, no. 1 (2023): 175–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v10i1.11113.

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In order to explore the effects of childhood traumatic experiences and individual self-esteem level on female college students' self-objectification level and the functional mechanism, this study proposed hypotheses and constructed a model based on self-objectification theory and self-schema theory, and then used an online questionnaire to investigate 530 female college students. The results indicated that: (1) the traumatic experiences of female college students in childhood have a significant positive effect on their self-objectification level, which means that the more likely an individual

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Perveen, Shagufta, Mahnoor Kanwal, Gul Jabeen, and Rabia Jehangir Khan. "Self-Objectification and Depression among Students Experiencing Facebook Addiction." Summer 2022 2, no. 3 (2022): 214–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v2i3.107.

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Self-objection and Facebook addiction have important effects on the mental health of every individual. However, very few studies have examined the correlation between depression symptoms, Facebook addiction, and self-objectification. The present study had two main objectives; first, to explore self-objectification and depression among students with Facebook addiction, and second to find out the family system, gender, and academic performance based on differences in study variables. Data was collected from 378 purposively selected Facebook-addicted students using The Bergen Facebook Addiction S

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27

Saleem, Nadia, Fatima Riaz, and Oneeba Afzaal. "SELF-OBJECTIFICATION AND SOCIAL MEDIA: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY USING MULTIDIMENSIONAL MEDIA INFLUENCE SCALE." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 04, no. 03 (2022): 963–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v4i03.1278.

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In a traditional society, gender roles are associated with males and females according to social norms. Masculinity, independence, and dominance are considered necessary characteristics associated with males, whereas, females are mostly considered dependent, delicate, and sensitive. However, women of today are more confident to adopt those gender roles which were once associated with men only. Still, many women prefer to adopt traditional gender roles that may stimulate self-objectification. The present study suggests that social media exposure is one of the stimulating factors that may create

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Riva, Giuseppe, Santino Gaudio, and Antonios Dakanalis. "The Neuropsychology of Self-Objectification." European Psychologist 20, no. 1 (2015): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000190.

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According to the objectification theory ( Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997 ) girls and women are thought to adopt a self-objectified view of themselves as objects to be evaluated on the basis of their appearance. More, this experience is proposed to have a direct link with the health and well being of female subjects. The paper analyzes and discusses the objectification theory within the context of recent research on memory and spatial cognition. On one side, it describes self-objectification as a specific cognitive process: a woman internalizes an objectified self image, when she uses an alloc

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Hill, Melanie S., and Ann R. Fischer. "Examining Objectification Theory." Counseling Psychologist 36, no. 5 (2008): 745–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000007301669.

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Many theorists have suggested that living in a culture in which women's bodies are sexually objectified socializes girls and women to treat themselves as objects. This study developed a theory-based measure of cultural sexual objectification and explored the relationship between women's reports of cultural sexual objectification experiences and self-objectification. The possible moderating effects of sexual orientation were explored using hierarchical moderated regressions. The major findings, in a sample of 361 women, were (a) women's reports of sexualized gaze/harassment were significantly r

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Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Cecilie, Nikos Ntoumanis, Jennifer Cumming, Kimberley J. Bartholomew, and Gemma Pearce. "Can Self-Esteem Protect Against the Deleterious Consequences of Self-Objectification for Mood and Body Satisfaction in Physically Active Female University Students?" Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 33, no. 2 (2011): 289–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.33.2.289.

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Using objectification theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997), this study tested the interaction between self-objectification, appearance evaluation, and self-esteem in predicting body satisfaction and mood states. Participants (N = 93) were physically active female university students. State self-objectification was manipulated by participants wearing tight revealing exercise attire (experimental condition) or baggy exercise clothes (control condition). Significant interactions emerged predicting depression, anger, fatness, and satisfaction with body shape and size. For participants in the s

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Polskaya, N. A., and Ya D. Novikova. "Self-Objectification, Social Media and Mental Health." Современная зарубежная психология 12, no. 3 (2023): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2023120308.

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<p style="text-align: justify;">The paper presents a review of foreign studies on social and psychopathological consequences of self-objectification. The chief provisions of self-objectification theory, which is briefly discussed in the paper, includes the subject&rsquo;s disposition to regard one&rsquo;s body from the point of view of an external spectator, when one&rsquo;s value is defined solely by one&rsquo;s physical attractiveness in the eyes of others (B. Fredrickson, T. Roberts). Social networks are considered the ever-growing source of objectification and self-ob

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Sherman, Aurora. "AGE AND RACE PATTERNS IN TWO TYPES OF OBJECTIFICATION OF WOMEN." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 1287. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.4112.

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Abstract Objectification of women can take several forms, including denial of autonomy, sexualization, and self-objectification. Objectification is a dehumanizing experience with significant negative psychological and physical health consequences which has largely been studied in majority White and younger samples of women. This study surveyed 349 women aged 50 and older, who are Latina (n= 107), African American (n= 125), or White (n= 117). Objectification was measured by the Self-Objectification Beliefs and Behaviors Scale (SOBBS, Lindner & Tanleff-Dunn, 2017) and by the Invisibility sub

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Al-Mutawa, Naif, Susannah-Joy Schuilenberg, Rumia Justine, and Sarah Kulsoom Taher. "Modesty, Objectification, and Disordered Eating Patterns: A Comparative Study between Veiled and Unveiled Muslim Women Residing in Kuwait." Medical Principles and Practice 28, no. 1 (2018): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000495567.

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Background: The common thread running through all forms of sexual objectification is the experience of being treated as a body (or collection of body parts) valued predominantly for its use to (or consumption by) others. If girls and women adopt a peculiar view of the self, an effect called self-objectification, this may contribute to depression, sexual dysfunction, and eating disorders. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of modesty (in terms of veiling, i.e., hijab) on objectification, by others and by the self, body image, and behaviors indicative of eating disturbance

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Daubenmier, Jennifer J. "The Relationship of Yoga, Body Awareness, and Body Responsiveness to Self-Objectification and Disordered Eating." Psychology of Women Quarterly 29, no. 2 (2005): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2005.00183.x.

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Study 1 tested whether yoga practice is associated with greater awareness of and responsiveness to bodily sensations, lower self-objectification, greater body satisfaction, and fewer disordered eating attitudes. Three samples of women (43 yoga, 45 aerobic, and 51 nonyoga/nonaerobic practitioners) completed questionnaire measures. As predicted, yoga practitioners reported more favorably on all measures. Body responsiveness, and, to some extent, body awareness significantly explained group differences in self-objectification, body satisfaction, and disordered eating attitudes. The mediating role

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Tran, Sydney, and Aurora Sherman. "THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF SELF-OBJECTIFICATION AND BODY ESTEEM ON AGE AND MOOD." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.2403.

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Abstract Objectification theory is a well-established framework that outlines the consequences of being sexually objectified (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997). One of the major consequences of sexual objectification is self-objectification, or the tendency to internalize an observer’s perspective on one’s own body and the learned behavior to value one’s physical appearance over one’s body functionality. Self-objectification has been linked to poorer subjective well-being and poorer body image in college-aged women but has not yet been examined among older adult women. This study recruited a gr

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Zulfiyah, Wachidatul, and Fathul Lubabin Nuqul. "PENGARUH SEKSISME DAN HARGA DIRI TERHADAP SELF OBJECTIFICATION PADA MAHASISWI." Proyeksi 14, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jp.14.1.1-11.

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Penampilan fisik merupakan hal yang penting bagi perempuan, karena perempuan akan merasa sukses sebagai perempuan yang ideal apabila ia dapat menampilkan tubuh yang cantik. Adanya self objectification memungkinkan terjadinya pementingan terhadap aspek fisik yang tampak dibandingkan aspek kompetensi fisik yang tidak tampak dalam menentukan kualitas tubuh seseorang.� Penyematan kata cantik bisa menjadi suatu hal yang merendahkan perempuan karena tidak menghargai perempuan dalam kapasitas yang sebenarnya, melainkan hanya menghargai kecantikan yang dimilikinya bukan karena prestasi, pekerjaan, ata

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Farhan, Dr Sheeba, and Manahil Nouman. "Women Objectification in Context of Pakistani Advertisements: Role of Personal Variables." Journal of Professional & Applied Psychology 2, no. 2 (2021): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52053/jpap.v2i2.49.

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The present study was conducted to investigate the role of personal factors on self-objectification that is encouraged by Pakistani advertisements. The objective of the study was to find out the differences in perception of women on Pakistani advertisement based on personal variables i.e. age, family structure, education and employment status. Convenience sampling technique and a sample of 430 unmarried women with the age bracket of 18 to 25 years were included in the study. The self-objectification was measured through the Self-Objectification-Trait Scale (Dahl, 2014). ANOVA analysis and t te

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Ul Hassan, Ali Ab, Rooh ul Amin, and M. Zafar Iqbal. "Media and Self-Objectification of Women in Pakistan: Exploring the Role of Culture and Religion." Research Journal for Societal Issues 5, no. 4 (2023): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.56976/rjsi.v5i4.162.

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The aim of study is to explore the self-objectification of women and media exposure. It explores the relationship of media and self-objectification with reference to culture and religion as moderating variables. For this purpose, quantitative survey was chosen as research design and data from four universities of provincial capitals were collected through simple random sampling. It Includes the Punjab University Lahore, Karachi University Sindh, Baluchistan University, Baluchistan and Peshawar University, KPK. The total respondent was 400. Hundred from each university. STATA and SPSS were used

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Jonkus, Dalius. "The Problem of Consciousness and its Origin in Vasily Sesemann’s Manuscripts." Problemos 100 (October 15, 2021): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/problemos.100.1.

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The purpose of this article is to analyse the concept of consciousness in Vasily Sesemann’s manuscripts. Sesemann studied consciousness, describing it as an intentional experience and rejecting its naturalistic explanations. Sesemann revealed the irreducibility of life to physiological or chemical processes and at the same time rejected the dualistic opposition of spirit and matter, soul and body. In the manuscript text “Self-knowledge, self-consciousness and objectification” the philosopher explores the relationship of consciousness with self-consciousness and the subconscious, as well as var

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Azam, Shaza, and Sumaira Ayub. "Self-Objectification, Internalized Transphobia and Psychological Distress in Male-to-Female Transgenders." Journal of Professional & Applied Psychology 4, no. 2 (2023): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.52053/jpap.v4i2.168.

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The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-objectification, internalized transphobia, and psychological distress in male-to-female (MtF) transgenders. It was hypothesized that: 1) there would be a positive relationship between self-objectification, internalized transphobia, and psychological distress in male-to-female (MtF) transgenders; and 2) Self-objectification and internalized transphobia would predict the psychological distress in MtF transgenders. A correlational research design was used. A sample comprising of 136 MtF transgenders with an age range of

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Gattino, Silvia, Kamila Czepczor-Bernat, Angela Fedi, et al. "Self-objectification and its biological, psychological and social predictors: A cross-cultural study in four European countries and Iran." Europe’s Journal of Psychology 19, no. 1 (2023): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ejop.6075.

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Although scholars started investigating self-objectification more than twenty years ago, only a few studies focused on men and even fewer have taken into account the cross-cultural dimension. Our study focused on the antecedents of self-objectification paying attention to the role of biological and sociodemographic variables (gender, BMI), psychological characteristics (self-esteem, perfectionism) together with social and cultural factors (internalization of media standards, influence of family and friends). Self-objectification was operationalized as Body Shame and Body Surveillance. A self-r

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Beech, Olivia Donati, Leah Kaufmann, and Joel Anderson. "A Systematic Literature Review Exploring Objectification and Motherhood." Psychology of Women Quarterly 44, no. 4 (2020): 521–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684320949810.

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Objectification theory provides a theoretical framework for understanding how socialization and experiences of objectification can lead women to place excessive value on their appearance—a process known as self-objectification. Despite the number of women that are mothers, the application of objectification theory to motherhood has been relatively limited. This review synthesizes the available research exploring objectification during motherhood. We conducted a systematic search for published and unpublished articles that quantitatively examined the objectification of, or self-objectification

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Szymanski, Dawn M. "Sexual Objectification, Internalization, and College Women’s Depression: The Role of Shame." Counseling Psychologist 48, no. 1 (2019): 135–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000019878847.

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This study examined potential mediators, a moderator, and a moderated mediation of the link between sexual objectification experiences and depression among 489 young adult college women. Findings from the mediation analyses revealed that sexual objectification was directly and indirectly related to depression via greater body surveillance and self-blame. Shame moderated the direct effect of sexual objectification on body surveillance. Sexual objectification predicted body surveillance for women with low but not high or moderate levels of shame. Shame also moderated the direct effect of sexual

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Ramsey, Laura R., Justin A. Marotta, and Tiffany Hoyt. "Sexualized, objectified, but not satisfied." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 34, no. 2 (2016): 258–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407516631157.

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Although the objectification of women is pervasive, it has not been studied extensively in the context of romantic relationships. This is a curious oversight, given that physical appearance is considered a prominent factor in romantic attraction and conceptualizations of objectification tend to involve an exaggerated emphasis on physical appearance. Thus, objectification theory may have interesting implications for romantic relationships. Women who enjoy sexualization may be more likely to have a partner who objectifies them, which could have negative implications for the relationship, as obje

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Grabe, Shelly, Janet Shibley Hyde, and Sara M. Lindberg. "Body Objectification and Depression in Adolescents: The Role of Gender, Shame, and Rumination." Psychology of Women Quarterly 31, no. 2 (2007): 164–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2007.00350.x.

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Objectification theory posits that the tendency to view oneself as an object to be looked at and evaluated by others negatively affects girls', but not boys', subjective well-being. Although it has been established that women self-objectify more than men, research in this area has been limited to the study of adult college women. The aim in the current longitudinal study was to investigate the role of body shame and rumination in the link between self-objectification and depression among a community sample of girls and boys at ages 11 and 13. Results indicated that adolescent girls reported hi

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Mustafa, Sarah, and Mariyam Akram. "Self-Consciousness, Self-Objectification, and Social Anxiety as Predictors of Photo Editing Behavior among Emerging Adults." Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies 2022 (August 28, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6609752.

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This study aims to assess the impact of self-consciousness, self-objectification, and social anxiety on photo editing behavior among emerging adults. Correlational research strategy was used for the present quantitative research, and convenient sampling strategy was used to collect data of 444 university students (135 males and 309 females) with the age range of 18-25 years. The self-consciousness scale, objectified body consciousness scale, photo manipulation scale, and social anxiety scale were used as assessment tools for this study. For data analysis, t -test for independent samples, corre

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Jonnson, Melissa R., Jennifer I. Langille, and Zach Walsh. "The Role of Objectification in the Victimization and Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence." Violence and Victims 33, no. 1 (2018): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.33.1.23.

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a substantial health concern and identifying risk factors for IPV is a research priority. We examined the relationship between severe IPV and objectification of the self and other sex across participant sex. A sample of 1,005 male and female university students completed a series of online questionnaires that measure levels of self-objectification, objectification of the other sex, and histories of severe IPV victimization and perpetration. Self-objectification was associated with severe psychological aggression, physical assault, and sexual coercion victimiz

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Kashirsky, Dmitry V., and O. V. Myasnikova. "Phenomenon of Self-Objectification in Women: Analysis of foreign Studies and a View through the Prism of Russian Psychology." National Psychological Journal 40, no. 4 (2020): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/npj.2020.0405.

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Background. At present, self-objectification of females is a very common phenomenon, reflecting the desire of women to meet the standards accepted in the society and manifested in excessive (even pathological) care of achieving the “ideal” appearance. This phenomenon was under study in various foreign psychological concepts and approaches, and especially in the theory of B. Fredrickson and T.E. Roberts. However, despite similar research in Russian psychology, the phenomenon has not been disclosed within Russian psychological methodology. In this regard, it is very important to analyze foreign

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SAYLAN, Ezgi, and Vesile SOYYIĞIT. "Self-Objectification and Subjective Well-Being: A Serial Mediation Analysis on the Role of Social Appearance Anxiety and Body Image." Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies 23, no. 2 (2023): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2023.2.13.

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The ideals of beauty and appearance imposed by today’s popular society are becoming increasingly important in all stages of life. Correspondingly, research on the concepts of self-objectification, appearance anxiety, body image, and well-being has increased in recent years. Hence, this study aims to investigate whether social appearance anxiety and body image mediate the relation between self-objectification and subjective well-being in a Turkish sample. The study included 480 participants between the ages of 18 and 30. Participants were assessed using measurement tools for self-objectificatio

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Grey, Melissa J., Terrence G. Horgan, Tiffany A. Long, Noelle K. Herzog, and James R. Lindemulder. "Contrasting Objectification and Competence." Journal of Media Psychology 28, no. 2 (2016): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000159.

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Abstract. Research on priming self-objectification in women frequently implements product-only control groups or nonhuman control images. This study aimed to clarify whether there was a difference in levels of self-objectification among female participants who viewed objectifying images of women, body-competent images of women, or product-only images. A sample of undergraduate females was primed with one of the above image types, after which they completed the Twenty Statements Test (TST) to examine their preoccupation with their own appearance. Results revealed that those who were primed with

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