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Journal articles on the topic 'Self-reported behaviour versus actual behaviour'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Kolstad, Ivar, and Arne Wiig. "Education and electoral participation: reported versus actual voting behaviour." Applied Economics Letters 23, no. 13 (2015): 908–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2015.1119785.

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Pooransingh, S., K. Ramgulam, and I. Dialsingh. "Body Mass Index in Clinic Attenders: Patient Self-Perception versus Actual Measurements." Advances in Public Health 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/160206.

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Objectives. The objectives of the study were to measure actual BMI in patients attending chronic disease clinics in health centres and to relate this to the patients’ own perceptions of their body image and the need to lose weight.Study Design. A cross sectional study.Methods. The actual BMIs in patients who attended chronic disease clinics in 14 health centres were measured. All participants were asked to state where they thought they were on a visual body image scale and were also asked if they thought they needed to lose weight.Results. All participants approached agreed to participate (RR

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Yonemitsu, Fumiya, Ayumi Ikeda, Naoto Yoshimura, et al. "Warning ‘Don't spread’ versus ‘Don't be a spreader’ to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 9 (2020): 200793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200793.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is threatening not only health but also life worldwide. It is important to encourage citizens to voluntarily practise infection-prevention (IP) behaviours such as social distancing and self-restraint. Previous research on social cognition suggested that emphasizing self-identity is key to changing a person's behaviour. The present study investigated whether reminders that highlight self-identity would be effective in changing intention and behaviour related to the COVID-19 outbreak, and hypothesized that those who read reminders highlighting sel

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Robertson, Brian M., Wayne Campbell, and N. Elva Crawford. "Risk versus Motivation: The Emergency Room Treatment of Attempted Suicide." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 2 (1987): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378703200210.

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This paper deals with patients who attempt suicide, focusing on their evaluation in the emergency room. It is suggested that as the actual risk of completed suicide in suicide attempters is low, the evaluating psychiatrist might preferentially focus on assessing the patient's motivation for self-destructive behaviour. Recent studies are reviewed which demonstrate a linkage between self-destructive acts and the status of relationships with significant others. An illustrative case history is presented.

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Benenson, Joyce F., Henry Markovits, Rosanne Roy, and Paul Denko. "Behavioural rules underlying learning to share: Effects of development and context." International Journal of Behavioral Development 27, no. 2 (2003): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250244000119.

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The development of children’s use of two social rules concerning learning to share with peers was examined in two studies. Past research on children’s cognitive reasoning suggests that with increasing age, children are less self-centred and more willing to share with others. At the same time, research with adolescents and adults indicates that the context exerts a strong impact on the degree of self-centred behaviour exhibited. In this research, actual sharing behaviour of children was examined in same-gender groups of four participants. Children from kindergarten and Grade 4 participated in S

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Braun, Hannan M., Eddy R. Segura, Jordan E. Lake, et al. "Individual and partnership factors associated with anticipated versus actual partner notification following STI diagnosis among men who have sex with men and/or with transgender women in Lima, Peru." Sexually Transmitted Infections 94, no. 8 (2017): 607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053292.

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ObjectivesA detailed understanding of intentions and practices related to partner notification (PN) following STI diagnosis can improve control strategies. We assessed participant-level and partner-level factors guiding notification behaviour among men who have sex with men and/or with transgender women (MSM-TW) in Lima, Peru, including discordances between anticipated and actual notification.MethodsMen newly diagnosed with gonorrhoea, chlamydia and/or syphilis between 2012 and 2014 reported recent partners’ characteristics, anticipated PN practices, and actual PN outcomes following diagnosis.

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Pietersma, Suzanne, and Arie Dijkstra. "Do behavioural health intentions engender health behaviour change? A study on the moderating role of self-affirmation on actual fruit intake versus vegetable intake." British Journal of Health Psychology 16, no. 4 (2011): 815–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8287.2011.02018.x.

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Schectman, Joel M., Elaine G. Elinsky, and L. Gregory Pawlson. "Self-Reported Versus Actual Test Ordering Behavior Among Primary Care Clinicians." QRB - Quality Review Bulletin 18, no. 2 (1992): 60–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0097-5990(16)30508-5.

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Khatib, Rani, Kay Marshall, Jon Silcock, Claire Forrest, and Alistair S. Hall. "Adherence to coronary artery disease secondary prevention medicines: exploring modifiable barriers." Open Heart 6, no. 2 (2019): e000997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2018-000997.

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BackgroundNon-adherence to secondary prevention medicines (SPMs) among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a challenge in clinical practice. This study attempted to identify actual and potential modifiable barriers to adherence that can be addressed in cardiology clinical practice.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, postal survey-based study of the medicines-taking experience of patients with CAD treated at a secondary/tertiary care centre. All participants had been on SPM for ≥3 months.ResultsIn total, 696 eligible patients were sent the survey and 503 responded (72.3%). The me

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Al-Hashmi, Iman, Felicia Hodge, Karabi Nandy, Elizabeth Thomas, and Mary-Lynn Brecht. "The Effect of a Self-Efficacy-Enhancing Intervention on Perceived Self-Efficacy and Actual Adherence to Healthy Behaviours Among Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus." Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal [SQUMJ] 18, no. 4 (2019): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2018.18.04.014.

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Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-efficacy-enhancing intervention (SEEI) on perceived self-efficacy and actual adherence to healthy behaviours among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: This comparative pre-post study was conducted at the Antenatal Clinic of the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between October 2016 and January 2017. A total of 90 adult Omani women with GDM were randomised to either a control group receiving standard prenatal care or a SEEI group. The SEEI group received an additional health education sessio

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Colmenares, Fernando. "Greeting Behaviour in Male Baboons, I: Communication, Reciprocity and Symmetry." Behaviour 113, no. 1-2 (1990): 81–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853990x00446.

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AbstractMatrilineal structures are typical of many species of Old World monkeys including the savanna baboon. Both isosexual dyads of females and heterosexual dyads frequently reach the stage of greatest social compatibility, i.e. grooming. Male dyads, in contrast, very rarely reach such stage, they show instead marked mutual intolerance and overt aggressive competition. Grooming and other forms of physical contact are fairly frequent between adult males in the patrilineal society of chimpanzees. In the hamadryas baboon, also with patrilineal organization, adult males do not groom with each ot

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Bunting, Grace, and Ruth Freeman. "Reported versus actual snacking behaviours: a note on methodology." International Journal of Health Promotion and Education 39, no. 1 (2001): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14635240.2001.10806144.

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Babar, Muneer Gohar Gohar, Syed Shahzad Hasan, Lee Ping Lim, Phei June Lim, Nik Mohd Mazuan Nik Mohd Rosdy, and Siti Fauzza Binti Ahmad. "Tomorrow’s doctors and dentists in Malaysia: empathic or indifferent?" European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 5, no. 2 (2017): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v5i2.1287.

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Objectives: This study compared the empathic behaviour of first year to final year dental and medical students in Malaysia and explored whether academic training of dental and medical students increases their subjective empathic tendencies. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 1020 first year to final year (fifth-year) undergraduate medical and dental students using a validated, self-administered Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Care Provider Student Version (JSE-HPS) questionnaire. The data were collected from first year to final year (fifth-year) students enrolled in Ba

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Glashouwer, Klaske A., Elise C. Bennik, Peter J. de Jong, and Adriaan Spruyt. "Implicit Measures of Actual Versus Ideal Body Image: Relations with Self-Reported Body Dissatisfaction and Dieting Behaviors." Cognitive Therapy and Research 42, no. 5 (2018): 622–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10608-018-9917-6.

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White, B., C. Day, and L. Maher. "Self reported risk behaviour among injecting drug users: Self versus assisted questionnaire completion." AIDS Care 19, no. 3 (2007): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540120701192837.

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Thoradeniya, Prabanga, Janet Lee, Rebecca Tan, and Aldónio Ferreira. "Sustainability reporting and the theory of planned behaviour." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 28, no. 7 (2015): 1099–137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-08-2013-1449.

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Purpose – Drawing upon the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), the purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of managers’ attitude and other psychological factors on sustainability reporting (SR). In doing so, this paper aims to respond to calls for the use of previously untried theoretical approaches on the SR literature. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses a survey of top and middle-level managers of listed and non-listed companies in Sri Lanka. Data were analysed using a Partial Least Squares path model. Findings – The findings indicate that managers’ attitude towards SR, be

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Marimon, Frederic, Richard Vidgen, Stuart Barnes, and Eduard Cristóbal. "Purchasing Behaviour in an Online Supermarket." International Journal of Market Research 52, no. 1 (2010): 111–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/s1470785310201089.

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The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to assess the applicability of the four dimensions of online service quality, as proposed in the E-S-QUAL scale, to the setting of an online supermarket; and, second, to propose and test a model that links these e-quality dimensions with loyalty and purchasing behaviour in the setting of an online supermarket. An online questionnaire was used to survey 131 customers of an online Spanish supermarket using the E-S-QUAL scale. The data were analysed by exploratory factor analysis to test the applicability of the E-S-QUAL scale to the setting of an onli

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Verlaan, L., S. A. A. N. Bolink, S. N. Van Laarhoven, et al. "Accelerometer-based Physical Activity Monitoring in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: Objective and Ambulatory Assessment of Actual Physical Activity During Daily Life Circumstances." Open Biomedical Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (2015): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874120701509010157.

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Background: It is important to assess physical activity objectively during daily life circumstances, to understand the association between physical activity and diseases and to determine the effectiveness of interventions. Accelerometer-based physical activity monitoring seems a promising method and could potentially capture all four FITT (i.e. Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type) components of physical activity considered by the World Health Organization (WHO). Aim: To assess the four FITT components of physical activity with an accelerometer during daily life circumstances and compare with self

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Jin, Seung-A. Annie. "Self-Discrepancy and Regulatory Fit in Avatar-Based Exergames." Psychological Reports 111, no. 3 (2012): 697–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/06.07.21.pr0.111.6.697-710.

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Drawing from Higgins's self-discrepancy theory and regulatory focus theory, this study examined the use of activated selves and regulatory foci in health games. Utilizing the Wii's® avatar-creating and exergaming features, a 2 (activated self: actual self versus ideal self) × 2 (regulatory focus: promotion versus prevention) × 2 (efficacy appeals: self-efficacy versus response-efficacy) between-subjects experiment tested the interactions of activated selves, regulatory foci, and efficacy appeals on low-calorie dieting intentions after health game playing. Results from an experiment with 156 pa

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Kashif, Muhammad, Syamsulang Sarifuddin, and Azizah Hassan. "Charity donation: intentions and behaviour." Marketing Intelligence & Planning 33, no. 1 (2015): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-07-2013-0110.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test the extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model to investigate money donation intentions and behaviour. Furthermore, the applicability of an extended TPB model is tested for the first time in a collectivist culture. Design/methodology/approach – The data have been collected from 221 people living in the city of Kuala Lampur through a questionnaire based on extended TPB model. The data have been analysed through employing structural equation modelling (SEM) procedures to extract meaningful conclusions. Findings – The results depict an excellen

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Grando, Maria Adela, Danielle Groat, Hiral Soni, et al. "Characterization of Exercise and Alcohol Self-Management Behaviors of Type 1 Diabetes Patients on Insulin Pump Therapy." Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 11, no. 2 (2016): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932296816663746.

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Background: There is a lack of systematic ways to analyze how diabetes patients use their insulin pumps to self-manage blood glucose to compensate for alcohol ingestion and exercise. The objective was to analyze “real-life” insulin dosing decisions occurring in conjunction with alcohol intake and exercise among patients using insulin pumps. Methods: We recruited adult type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients on insulin pump therapy. Participants were asked to maintain their daily routines, including those related to exercising and consuming alcohol, and keep a 30-day journal on exercise performed and al

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Clayton, D. A., C. J. Griffith, and P. Price. "Consumers' attitudes, knowledge, self-reported and actual hand washing behaviour: a challenge for designers of intervention materials." International Journal of Consumer Studies 27, no. 3 (2003): 223–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1470-6431.2003.00308_22.x.

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Lievens, Filip, Ute-Christine Klehe, and Nele Libbrecht. "Applicant Versus Employee Scores on Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Measures." Journal of Personnel Psychology 10, no. 2 (2011): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000036.

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There exists growing interest to assess applicants’ emotional intelligence (EI) via self-report trait-based measures of EI as part of the selection process. However, some studies that experimentally manipulated applicant conditions have cautioned that in these conditions use of self-report measures for assessing EI might lead to considerably higher scores than current norm scores suggest. So far, no studies have scrutinized self-reported EI scores among a sample of actual job applicants. Therefore, this study compares the scores of actual applicants at a large ICT organization (n = 109) on a w

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Gerpott, Fabiola H., Nale Lehmann-Willenbrock, and Susanne Scheibe. "Is Work and Aging Research a Science of Questionnaires? Moving the Field Forward by Considering Perceived Versus Actual Behaviors." Work, Aging and Retirement 6, no. 2 (2020): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/workar/waaa002.

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Abstract Research on work and aging predominantly relies on self-report data to create new insights relevant to individuals, organizations, and society. Whereas surveys and interviews based on self-reports offer a valuable inward-directed perspective on individuals and their understanding of others, they can only provide limited knowledge on the behaviors of employees at different ages and in age-diverse settings. This is because what employees actually do is often considerably different from their survey-based reports of what they or others do. In this commentary, we challenge the field to mo

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Ebner, Nicole, Gabor Földes, Tibor Szabo, et al. "Assessment of serum cotinine in patients with chronic heart failure: self-reported versus objective smoking behaviour." Clinical Research in Cardiology 102, no. 2 (2012): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00392-012-0499-0.

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Balabanis, George, and Nikoletta-Theofania Siamagka. "Inconsistencies in the behavioural effects of consumer ethnocentrism." International Marketing Review 34, no. 2 (2017): 166–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-03-2015-0057.

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Purpose Despite the well-established impact of consumer ethnocentrism (CET) on purchase intentions, extant literature offers limited evidence on actual purchase behaviour. The purpose of this paper is to address the gap by investigating the factors underlying variations in CET behaviour using reported brand purchases. Product category, product cost and visibility, brand and country of origin (COO) of purchased products are investigated for their impact on the differences in the behavioural effects of CET. Design/methodology/approach This study uses survey data collected in the USA from a sampl

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Lim, Megan S., Campbell K. Aitken, Jane S. Hocking, and Margaret E. Hellard. "Discrepancies between young people's self-reported sexual experience and their perceptions of 'normality'." Sexual Health 6, no. 2 (2009): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh09001.

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Young people’s sexual behaviour is influenced by their perceptions of peer norms. In this survey of 445 people aged 16 to 29 years, 69% of participants believed they had fewer lifetime sexual partners than average. The mean number of actual lifetime partners reported was 5.5 and the mean perceived ‘average’ partners for peers was 6.6 (P < 0.01). When broken down by age and sex, the discrepancy was only significant for females aged 16 to 19. Comparison to a national survey also showed that peers’ average sexual experience was overestimated. Adolescents are highly susceptible to the influence

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Adebayo, Adebanke L., Rochelle Davidson Mhonde, Nathaniel DeNicola, and Edward Maibach. "The Effectiveness of Narrative Versus Didactic Information Formats on Pregnant Women’s Knowledge, Risk Perception, Self-Efficacy, and Information Seeking Related to Climate Change Health Risks." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19 (2020): 6969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17196969.

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Climate change is a global threat that poses significant risks to pregnant women and to their developing fetus and newborn. Educating pregnant women about the risks to their pregnancy may improve maternal and child health outcomes. Prior research suggests that presenting health information in narrative format can be more effective than a didactic format. Hence, the purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of two brief educational interventions in a diverse group of pregnant women (n = 151). Specifically, using a post-test only randomized experiment, we compared the effectiveness of

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Clarkson, Joshua J., Edward R. Hirt, Lile Jia, and Marla B. Alexander. "When perception is more than reality: The effects of perceived versus actual resource depletion on self-regulatory behavior." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 98, no. 1 (2010): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0017539.

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Sharma, Umesh, and Laura Sokal. "Can Teachers’ Self-Reported Efficacy, Concerns, and Attitudes Toward Inclusion Scores Predict Their Actual Inclusive Classroom Practices?" Australasian Journal of Special Education 40, no. 1 (2015): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jse.2015.14.

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This research was undertaken to determine if significant relationships exist between teachers’ self-reported attitudes, concerns, and efficacy to teach in inclusive classrooms and their actual classroom behaviour in Winnipeg, Canada. Five teachers completed 3 scales measuring their attitudes to inclusion, their level of concerns about teaching in inclusive classrooms, and their level of efficacy for teaching in inclusive classrooms. They were observed using a newly developed scale to measure their inclusive teaching practices. Each teacher was observed from 3 to 5 hours on different occasions.

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Pager, Devah, and Lincoln Quillian. "Walking the Talk? What Employers Say Versus What They Do." American Sociological Review 70, no. 3 (2005): 355–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240507000301.

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This article considers the relationship between employers' attitudes toward hiring exoffenders and their actual hiring behavior. Using data from an experimental audit study of entry-level jobs matched with a telephone survey of the same employers, the authors compare employers' willingness to hire black and white ex-offenders, as represented both by their self-reports and by their decisions in actual hiring situations. Employers who indicated a greater likelihood of hiring ex-offenders in the survey were no more likely to hire an ex-offender in practice. Furthermore, although the survey result

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Lester, Scott W., Rhetta L. Standifer, Nicole J. Schultz, and James M. Windsor. "Actual Versus Perceived Generational Differences at Work." Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 19, no. 3 (2012): 341–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548051812442747.

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As the amount of generational diversity increases among today’s workforce, a common topic of conversation is how to handle differences between generational cohorts. But to what extent do generations believe they are different and to what extent are generations actually different? This study examines this question. Using generational cohort theory as a theoretical underpinning, this study considers 15 work-related concepts and the degree to which workers personally value them. Subjects also provide their perceptions of how much they believe Boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y value these it

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Amponsah-Tawiah, Kwesi, John Louis Opata, and Samuel Doku Tetteh. "Time management: presenteeism versus management-by-objectives." International Journal of Law and Management 60, no. 6 (2018): 1470–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-01-2018-0010.

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Purpose This study examined the actual productive hours of employees from the service sector in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted an exploratory cross-sectional survey design. The purposive and convenience sampling techniques were used to identify the service organizations and recruited 520 employees in Accra for the study. Specifically, these respondents were workers from banks, insurance companies, auditing firms and oil and gas companies. The data were analyzed using frequencies and other descriptive statistics. Findings Results showed poor time management among the stud

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Clunies‐Ross, Penny, Emma Little, and Mandy Kienhuis. "Self‐reported and actual use of proactive and reactive classroom management strategies and their relationship with teacher stress and student behaviour." Educational Psychology 28, no. 6 (2008): 693–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01443410802206700.

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Schwarzinger, Stephan, David Neil Bird, and Tomas Moe Skjølsvold. "Identifying Consumer Lifestyles through Their Energy Impacts: Transforming Social Science Data into Policy-Relevant Group-Level Knowledge." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (2019): 6162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11216162.

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The analytical framework presented herein is based on the identification of social groups with distinct patterns in their energy-relevant behaviour. This was achieved by clustering individuals according to their primary energy demands in six main areas of life. Due to the close relationship between energy-relevant behaviour and associated impacts, the suggested approach is considered better suited for the identification of groups with actual differences in their climate and energy-related behaviour than conventional approaches that cluster individuals based on their psychological or sociodemog

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Vankov, Daniel, Ronald Schroeter, and Divera Twisk. "Can’t simply roll it out: Evaluating a real-world virtual reality intervention to reduce driving under the influence." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (2021): e0250273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250273.

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Driving under the influence (DUI) increases the risk of crashes. Emerging technologies, such as virtual reality (VR), represent potentially powerful and attractive tools for the prevention of risky behaviours, such as DUI. Therefore, they are embraced in prevention efforts with VR interventions primed to grow in popularity in near future. However, little is known about the actual effectiveness of such DUI-targeting VR interventions. To help fill the knowledge gap, this study explored the effects of one VR intervention as delivered in the real world. Using pre and post test design, including an

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van der Werff, Ellen, and Chieh-Yu Lee. "Feedback to Minimize Household Waste a Field Experiment in The Netherlands." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (2021): 9610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179610.

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Households can reduce environmental problems by minimizing their waste. Studies suggest that feedback may promote waste minimization. We propose that the effectiveness of feedback depends on the standard to which the feedback is compared. We tested the effect of feedback on waste minimization compared to a personal goal (goal comparison feedback), the behaviour of others (social comparison feedback), or one’s past behaviour (historical comparison feedback). Furthermore, the underlying process explaining the effect of feedback on behaviour is yet unclear. We tested the influence of feedback on

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Barnett, R., S. Ng, S. Jones, M. Young, and R. Sengupta. "FRI0309 DAILY SELF-REPORTED FLARE PROFILES IN AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS: ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN FLARE, SYMPTOMS AND BEHAVIOUR." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 744.1–745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2734.

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Background:Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterised by fluctuating periods of flare and remission. Flare is a multidimensional change of disease state; whereby flare definitions have previously been formulated using validated composite indices, or through qualitative retrospective investigation of flare states. Smartphone technologies for tracking disease symptoms provide unique, daily insights into self-reported individual flare experience, and may present an opportunity to gain a more complete understanding of flare burden and symptom patterns.Objectiv

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Teye-Kwadjo, Enoch, Ashraf Kagee, and Hermann Swart. "Condom use negotiation among high school adolescents in Ghana: the role of gender." South African Journal of Psychology 48, no. 4 (2017): 465–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081246317730282.

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Gender has a profound effect on the sexual risk preventive intentions and behaviour of young people. However, little is known about the role of gender on condom use negotiation among adolescents in Ghana. This study explored gender differences in condom use negotiation among school-going adolescents in Ghana. Participants ( n = 684) completed self-report measures based on attitudes towards condom use, subjective norms regarding condom use, perceived behavioural control over condom use, intentions to use condoms, and on actual condom use behaviour. Results revealed statistically significant dif

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Barone Gibbs, Bethany, Andrea L. Hergenroeder, Sophy J. Perdomo, Robert J. Kowalsky, Anthony Delitto, and John M. Jakicic. "Reducing sedentary behaviour to decrease chronic low back pain: the stand back randomised trial." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 75, no. 5 (2018): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2017-104732.

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ObjectiveThe Stand Back study evaluated the feasibility and effects of a multicomponent intervention targeting reduced prolonged sitting and pain self-management in desk workers with chronic low back pain (LBP).MethodsThis randomised controlled trial recruited 27 individuals with chronic LBP, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) >10% and desk jobs (sitting ≥20 hours/week). Participants were randomised within strata of ODI (>10%–<20%, ≥20%) to receive bimonthly behavioural counselling (in-person and telephone), a sit-stand desk attachment, a wrist-worn activity-prompting device and cognitiv

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Yamagishi, Toshio, Yoshie Matsumoto, Toko Kiyonari, et al. "Response time in economic games reflects different types of decision conflict for prosocial and proself individuals." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 24 (2017): 6394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608877114.

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Behavioral and neuroscientific studies explore two pathways through which internalized social norms promote prosocial behavior. One pathway involves internal control of impulsive selfishness, and the other involves emotion-based prosocial preferences that are translated into behavior when they evade cognitive control for pursuing self-interest. We measured 443 participants’ overall prosocial behavior in four economic games. Participants’ predispositions [social value orientation (SVO)] were more strongly reflected in their overall game behavior when they made decisions quickly than when they s

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Douglas, Elaine, and David Bell. "SMOKING BEHAVIOUR: PATTERNS AND COSTS OF HEALTH SERVICE USAGE USING HAGIS AND LINKED ADMINISTRATIVE HEALTH DATA." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3429.

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Abstract The associations between smoking and health are well documented. Using the Healthy Ageing In Scotland (HAGIS) survey linked to the administrative Scottish National Health Service (NHS) records this study analyses health service resource usage by older people according to self-reported smoking status. Individual level smoking status (current, ex-smoker, or never smoked), socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, level of deprivation) and subjective health are sourced from people aged 50+ across Scotland using HAGIS. These responses are then linked to NHS Scottish Morbidity Record

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Kwon, Minjung, and Youngjee Han. "How Love and Lust Influence Self-Control." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 45, no. 2 (2017): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6268.

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We investigated how love versus lust influences an individual's self-control behavior. We anticipated that individuals primed with love would show a higher degree of self-control than those primed with lust. In Experiment 1 (N = 236 participants), we examined how a hypothetical choice between a healthy and an unhealthy food was influenced by priming with love or lust, and found that participants were more likely to prefer a healthy option when primed with love than when primed with lust. In Experiment 2 (N = 94 participants), we examined our hypothesis with the actual consumption of an unhealt

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Ríos, Enrique, Linda Neuhauser, Sheldon Margen, and Vijaya Melnick. "Accuracy of Mothers’ Responses to Questions about Breast-Feeding Practices." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 14, no. 2 (1992): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659201400217.

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Women giving birth to infants at 59 health facilities in three regions of Mexico were surveyed. Five hundred forty-six mothers were questioned on admission to the hospital about their plans for infant feeding when they returned home; 485 were questioned again prior to discharge; and 160 were interviewed a third time at home two weeks after discharge about their actual feeding practices. The results of a formal structured questionnaire asking about plans to use any of six specific milk and non-milk substances that are fed by bottle were compared with those of a questionnaire methodology in whic

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Han, Ke-Tsung. "Influence of passive versus active interaction with indoor plants on the restoration, behaviour and knowledge of students at a junior high school in Taiwan." Indoor and Built Environment 27, no. 6 (2017): 818–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x17691328.

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A field experiment was conducted at a junior high school with 35 students to compare the influence of passive versus active interaction of occupants with indoor plants and the effect of distance from plants on the participants. The participants’ data on subjective perception and objective performance were collected every four weeks over a semester. The active interaction mode group ( n = 18) was required to take care of the plants in the classroom and surrounding areas, while the passive interaction mode group ( n = 17) was not. The results indicated that (1) the active interaction mode had si

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Hansen, Ebba H., Bjørn E. Holstein, Pernille Due, and Candace E. Currie. "International Survey of Self-Reported Medicine Use Among Adolescents." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 37, no. 3 (2003): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1c111.

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OBJECTIVE: To examine gender, age, and country variations in adolescents' self-reported medicine use. DESIGN: Cross-sectional school surveys of representative samples of 11- to 15-year-old girls and boys were used. The 1997-1998 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study was referenced. A standardized questionnaire was completed during school hours. SETTING: Canada, US, Greenland, Israel, and 24 European countries. PARTICIPANTS: 123 227 participants equally distributed by gender and by 3 age groups (mean 11.7, 13.6, 15.6 y). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported medicine use for headache, s

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Stubbs, R. James, Leona M. O'Reilly, Stephen Whybrow, et al. "Measuring the difference between actual and reported food intakes in the context of energy balance under laboratory conditions." British Journal of Nutrition 111, no. 11 (2014): 2032–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114514000154.

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To date, no study has directly and simultaneously measured the discrepancy between what people actually eat and what they report eating under observation in the context of energy balance (EB). The present study aimed to objectively measure the ‘extent’ and ‘nature’ of misreporting of dietary intakes under conditions in which EB and feeding behaviour were continuously monitored. For this purpose, a total of fifty-nine adults were recruited for 12 d, involving two 3 d overt phases and two 3 d covert phases of food intake measurement in a randomised cross-over design. Subjects had ad libitum acce

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Rebmann, Terri, James Austin Turner, and Allison K. Kunerth. "Presenteeism Attitudes and Behavior Among Missouri Kindergarten to Twelfth Grade (K–12) School Nurses." Journal of School Nursing 32, no. 6 (2016): 407–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840516637651.

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Working while ill (presenteeism) with symptoms of influenza-like illness can contribute to outbreaks, but little is known about school nurse presenteeism. Missouri Association of School Nurses members ( N = 396) were sent a survey in 2013/2014. A chi square test was conducted to compare having a school culture that encourages presenteeism versus actual sick leave policies. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to delineate factors associated with presenteeism. In total, 133 school nurses participated (33.6% response rate). Almost half (42.1%, n = 56) reported presenteeism. Nurses were

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Ismail, Sara Nabila, and Ainnin Sofea Azeman. "Assessing Consumers’ Behavior Towards Food Waste in Pahang, Malaysia." Jurnal Intelek 16, no. 2 (2021): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ji.v16i2.399.

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Food waste refers to food spoilage and losses that happen in the process the of food supply chain. The occurrence of waste could happen intentionally or accidentally, and towards the end, it can impact others. In this situation, consumer behaviour plays an important role in food waste management. By identifying types of behaviour that influence food waste behaviour in order to improve consumer behaviour, it can lead to success in waste management. This research used the quantitative approach to measure consumers behaviour in Kuantan and self-administered surveys were used to collect data. The

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Yang, Pianpian, and Qingyu Zhang. "How pride influences product evaluation through construal level." European Journal of Marketing 52, no. 7/8 (2018): 1750–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-12-2016-0777.

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Purpose This research aims to investigate how consumers’ authentic pride versus hubristic pride affects different construal levels of mind-sets and subsequent product evaluation by activating local versus global cognitive appraisal tendencies. Furthermore, this research also examines how lay theories impact the effects of pride on construal levels and how power moderates the effect of hubristic versus authentic pride on product preferences varying in construal levels. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on cognitive appraisal and construal level theories, this research conducts eight experimen

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