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Journal articles on the topic 'Self-Strengthening Movement'
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Barnett, Suzanne Wilson, and Steven A. Leibo. "Transferring Technology to China. Prosper Giquel and the Self-strengthening Movement." Pacific Affairs 59, no. 4 (1986): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2758552.
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Qu, Jason. "Self-Strengthening Movement of Late Qing China: an Intermediate Reform Doomed to Failure." Asian Culture and History 8, no. 2 (August 25, 2016): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ach.v8n2p148.
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<p class="1Body">Despite of strong economy including highest GDP gross and self-sufficient feudal economy system, the late Qing Empire fell behind the world trend with its isolationist trade policies. As the Western world caught up technologically, economically, and politically, the former biggest economy had suffered from consecutive losses in wars. In order to preserve the feudal regime, the initiative reform, termed the Self Strengthening Movement was grandly carried out. However, without the true support from the supreme power on one hand, and without the support of the populace on the other, the Movement was an intermediate reform in attempt to preserve the royal system and forestall its continued decline. In policy, the reforms envisioned Western-style modernization without adjusting the political order, yet the entrenched conservatism of the Qing Imperial Court proved to be the decisive hindering factor in the failure of the Movement.</p>
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Jang, Ui Shik. "Technical Schools in the Age of Self-strengthening Movement in the Late Ch'ing China." CHUNGGUKSA YONGU (The Journal of Chinese Historical Researches) 116 (October 31, 2018): 133–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24161/chr.116.133.
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Chang, Adam. "Reappraising Zhang Zhidong: Forgotten Continuities During China’s Self-Strengthening, 1884-1901." Journal of Chinese Military History 6, no. 2 (November 10, 2017): 157–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22127453-12341316.
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Abstract The recent historiography of China’s late nineteenth-century Self-Strengthening movement emphasizes the successes in Chinese state building. My research expands upon this trend through the perspective of the prominent governor-general Zhang Zhidong 張之洞 (1837-1909) and his military reforms. From 1884 to 1901, Zhang consistently pursued the creation of new military academies and western-style armies with the aim of providing an army capable of defending China. At the turn of the century, Zhang’s military apparatus was arguably one of the best in China. However, his role as a military pioneer of this era was often obscured by the wider narratives of Chinese reforms or subsumed under the reforms of more notorious officials such as Li Hongzhang or Yuan Shikai. Ultimately, the study of Zhang Zhidong’s reforms reveals an often-missed continuity in successful military reform starting in the 1880s and contributes to the developing historical narratives of successful late Qing state building.
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Derzhaliuk, Mykola. "The 1956 Hungarian Revolution and Its Influence on the Rise of the National Liberation Movement in Ukraine." Mìžnarodnì zv’âzki Ukraïni: naukovì pošuki ì znahìdki, no. 26 (November 27, 2017): 499–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mzu2017.26.499.
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The article highlights positive impact of the 1956 Hungarian Revolution on Ukrainian national liberation movement and strengthening of fight for renewal of the statehood in Ukraine. The author gives concrete examples to the Ukrainian SSR authorities’ policy on denationalization and internationalization of Ukrainian political, social and cultural life and on exsanguination of country’s self-sustainability. The article draws parallels between elimination of Hungarian and Ukrainian leaders of national liberation movement.
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Wang, Kai. "Scientific Gentry and Socialisation of Western Science in China's Modernisation during "Self-strengthening" Movement (1860-1895)." Almagest 9, no. 1 (May 2018): 69–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.almagest.5.116020.
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Mingyang, LI. "Building Warships and Nurturing Technical Talent at the Foochow Navy Yard during the Self-Strengthening Movement." Chinese Annals of History of Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1461.2020.02001.
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Mabuchi, Mamoru, and Kenji Higashi. "Superplastic constitutive equation and rate-controlling process in aluminum matrix composites with discontinuous fiber and particle reinforcements." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 3 (March 1998): 640–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0080.
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Superplastic behavior of aluminum matrix composites with discontinuous reinforcements has been investigated in a temperature range below the melting temperature measured by differential scanning calorimetry. The experimental results of the mechanical properties revealed that the rate-controlling process of superplastic flow was associated with dislocation movement controlled by lattice self-diffusion. The strengthening due to the presence of reinforcements was retained. It is suggested that the strongest strengthening process of the dislocation-pileup mechanism and the diffusional relaxation-limitation or dislocation bypass mechanism affects the rate-controlling process.
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Rohmayanti, Lilis. "Strategic Management of Increasing Competency of Students Through Strengthening Character Education (PPK) and School Literation Movement (GLS) at Muhammadiyah Junior High School Margasari." International Conference of Moslem Society 3 (April 12, 2019): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/icms.2019.2434.
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Strengthening Character Education (PPK) and the School Literacy Movement (GLS) are two very important movements in the world of education today. Both are movements that can improve Student Competence in both attitudinal, knowledge and skills competencies. The purpose of this study is to describe the process or stages of strategic management in the form of Scanning, Formating, Implementing and Evaluating in PPK and GLS at Muhammadiyah Margasari Middle School in Tegal Regency. This study uses qualitative research. Data analysis methods used are (1) Data Collection (2) Data Reduction (3) Data Display (4) Conclusion Drawing / Verification. The results of this study are Muhammadiyah Margasari Middle School implementing the stages of strategic management in PPK and Literacy. The stages are First, Scanning includes External and Internal Environmental Analysis with SWOT Analysis. Second, Formating through (1) Formulation of Vision, Mission, Core Value (2) Formulation of integrated School Objectives in PPK and Literacy (3) Formulation of Short and Medium Term School Strategic Plans that contain strategic programs, targets, strategies, funds and resources to improve competency of students through Strengthening Character Education (PPK) and School Literacy Movement (GLS), indicators of success. Third, Implementing is the implementation of improving the quality of students through PPK and Literacy activities including (1) PPK based on class, school and community. (2) GLS habituation, learning and development. Fourth, Evaluating is an evaluation of activities that have been carried out through School Self Evaluation for follow-up and continuous improvement.
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Badrun, Ubedilah. "Social Movement based on Religiosity as a New Model of Social Movements in Jakarta (The 212 Social Movement in Jakarta 2016)." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 4 (August 25, 2019): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i4.976.
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Social movements can be understood as a group of people organized in self-awareness that continuously challenges the existing system and values. This study aims to read the phenomenon of the 212 Movement (2016) in Jakarta, Indonesia using the perspective of the theory of social movements (1848-2013). This research used qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collected through observation, interviews and analysis of literatures and news media. This case study found the Movement 212 was able to mobilize millions of people including the category of the Social movement Based on Religiosity because militancy that mingled with voluntary attitudes that were seen in the behavior of the figures and the mass of the action. The religious basis is the main motive for the new social movement 212. The 295.8 km long march carried out by the Ciamis community led by K.H. Nonop Hanafi towards the Jakarta National Monument which later inspired the Bogor and Bekasi people to do the same is a fact of militancy and voluntary which is carried out with a high and sincere awareness on the basis of their religiosity. There are five main actors of this movement, K. H. Nonop Hanafi, Bachtiar Nasir, Muhammad Zaitun Rasmin, Muhammad Alkhathath, and Habieb Rizieq Shihab. This movement has a semi-moderate Islamic ideology with the Islamic model Ahlussunnah Waljama'ah. The implication of this research is the New social movement 212 can uphold Islamic values by upholding the law against what they call the Islamic oppressors. And the other side, the New social movement 212 can be strengthening ukhuwah Islamiyah (Islamic brotherhood), ukhuwah wathoniyah (nationalism), and demanding justice for all the people of Indonesia.
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Popa, Alexandru, Dan Ovidiu Glăvan, Adina Bucevschi, Doina Mortoiu, and Marcelo Calvete Gaspar. "Nonconventional Sources of Movement Used to Obtain High Level Precision Manufacturing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 809-810 (November 2015): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.809-810.75.
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Since the beginning of industrial era it was clear that the goal of perfect machine is far away. Things become more complicated as the tool machinery branch developed in quite a fast way so things as using full production capacity of a machine or working with adaptive control become normal and frequent. Reaching a good precision in manufacturing was realized by strengthening the structure , with related weight growth and use of more material both generating supplementary costs. Probably the best idea was to create a structure not so rigid , that means lighter ,a structure predictable in the way it works that means predictable deformation and their direction. The big advantage of the idea is that knowing the deformation we can take corrective actions so that the final precision at the edge of the cutting tool becomes very high. The corrective action consists in a very fine and very fast movement that composed with the structure deformations makes a great precision. The solution it self-generated a new challenge consisting in the need for almost instant movement , the source of which was not conventional. The authors are proposing a “magnetostrictive” engine as a new way of generating precise correction movements.
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Wong, Young-Tsu. "Revisionism Reconsidered: Kang Youwei and the Reform Movement of 1898." Journal of Asian Studies 51, no. 3 (August 1992): 513–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2057948.
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The reform movement of 1898 sought to move the Qing empire toward comprehensive and unprecedented institutional change and thus was a critical event in modern Chinese history. Had it succeeded, China could have, like Meiji Japan, entered the modern era without revolutions. Yet, however determined and daring its leaders, the historic effort was suddenly and tragically cut short by a coup.The standard view of the Reform Movement has been that, in reaction to China's repeated defeats and humiliation as well as the inadequacy of the Self-strengthening Movement, the reform-minded Kang Youwei (illustration 1) and Liang Qichao finally won support for change from a sympathetic Guangxu Emperor. The reformers then managed to put into effect a nationwide reform program through imperial decrees. But the movement, which lasted barely over one hundred days, came to an abrupt end when the Empress Dowager Cixi and her conservative supporters recaptured political power, executed or imprisoned many of the reformers, and placed the emperor under permanent house arrest.
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Elman, Benjamin A. "Naval Warfare and the Refraction of China's Self-Strengthening Reforms into Scientific and Technological Failure, 1865-1895." Modern Asian Studies 38, no. 2 (April 21, 2004): 283–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x04001088.
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In the 1950s and 1960s, Chinese, Western, and Japanese scholarship debated the success or failure of the government schools and regional arsenals established between 1865 and 1895 to reform Qing China (1644-1911). For example, Quan Hansheng contended in 1954 that the Qing failure to industrialize after the Taiping Rebellion (1850-64) was the major reason why China lacked modern weapons during the Sino-Japanese War. This position has been built on in recent reassessments of the ‘Foreign Affairs Movement’ (Yangwu yundong) and Sino-Japanese War of 1894-95 (Jiawu zhanzheng) by Chinese scholars. They argue, with some dissent, that the inadequacies of the late Qing Chinese navy and army were due to poor armaments, insufficient training, lack of leadership, vested interests, lack of funding, and low morale. In aggregate, these factors are thought to demonstrate the inadequacies of the ‘Self-Strengthening era’ and its industrial programs.
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Barry, Margaret J. "Physical Therapy Interventions for Patients With Movement Disorders due to Cerebral Palsy." Journal of Child Neurology 11, no. 1_suppl (November 1996): S51—S60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073896011001s08.
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The purpose of this paper is to present evidence on the efficacy of physical therapy interventions for patients with cerebral palsy and identify goals for these patients. Studies suggest that neurodevelopmental treatment and Vojta techniques improve postural control. Little evidence supports the efficacy of early intervention, but researchers have not yet studied effects on the family. Strengthening, electrical stimulation, the use of orthoses, and seating show positive effects in studies of small numbers of subjects. For severely involved children, ease of care and comfort are important goals, as well as prevention of deformity, which is important for all children. To the extent possible, therapy should prepare a child for independent adult life. In early intervention through school age, therapy focuses on promoting communication, self-care, and mobility. Independence is a key issue for adolescents transitioning into adulthood. The rehabilitation and health needs of adults with cerebral palsy need to be addressed. Research needs to determine the effects of physical therapy not only on impairment but also on function and disability. (J Child Neurol 1996 ;11(Suppl 1):S51-S60).
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Sakellariou, Maria, Panagiota Strati, and Polyxeni Mitsi. "Tackling Learning Difficulties With the Art of Dance and Movement in Preschool Age in the Greek School." International Research in Higher Education 5, no. 1 (February 9, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/irhe.v5n1p1.
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One of the main problems in the recent years that have been a matter of concern not only to teachers but also to other parties close to school life, is the treatment of children with learning disabilities. These difficulties act as an inhibiting factor in the educational progress of students and can even lead to social problems. This research work deals with the case study of students attending an integration section within a general class and their diagnosis’ states: Mixed Developmental Disorders, Hyperactivity and Dyspraxia of subtle and agile mobility. The survey was conducted in a kindergarten of the Region of Epirus during the school year 2017-2018. Dance, movement, musical and kinetic games as forms of artistic expression according to the New Curriculum of the Kindergarten, were used as tools throughout all of the Cognitive Domains of the programme. Our purpose was the development of corporal consciousness, strengthening self-confidence and self-esteem, preventing and addressing mental, emotional and psychosomatic problems, reducing hyperactivity and dyspraxia of subtle and agile mobility. Through choreographies, musical performances, taking on a role or contacting diverse materials, the pupil is free to express himself/ herself and has the ability and flexibility to move any way he/she desires. Body movement, motion coordination, and body image thematics can help achieve the developmental goals.
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Silviana, Ika. "GERAK PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN PEGIAT UMKM MELALUI PROSES REFLEKSI DIRI DI GEDANGSEWU, PARE, KEDIRI." ASKETIK 3, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30762/ask.v3i1.1289.
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The basic problem of development is equity to the smallest lines. This homework is not only the responsibility of the village government, but is an obligation for all people. Efforts to increase development need a continuous awareness building, covering various aspects and all parties. For rural people who still have many limitations, a simpler pattern is needed in creating a movement of empowerment. To facilitate development access for the community. Through the process of self-reflection which includes the stages of sensory knowledge, the stage of reasoning, and the stage of the ratio of Gedangsewu UMKM activists can begin to build awareness. All the step are the basis for managing the movement of empowerment based on development morality. With awareness-based activities, activists are able to interpret collective challenges, in order to create common purpose, by strengthening collective solidarity and identity, in order to preserve political resistance from a lifestyle that clings to a system that is rolling. Then efforts need to create independence from the mind to the step of empowerment.
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Kachusov, Dmitrii Anatolevich. "The state of public city protection movements (on the example of Barnaul)." Социодинамика, no. 6 (June 2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7144.2020.6.33190.
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The subject of this article is the city protection movement in Barnaul. On the background of strengthening of authoritarian trends in political life of the country, takes place reorientation of the vector of civil activity from solution of the political problems of federal scale towards the local social issues. Namely the local public movements become an important element in the society of separate cities that allow the interaction between civil activists, society, and municipal authorities. The advancement of Internet and social networks greatly contributed to broadening of the audience of city protection communities, growth of opportunities for their influence upon public consciousness and government authorities. Assessment of the size, publication activity and staff composition of the city mono-problem communities in social networks in the key method for studying the city public movements. The research determined the presents of a number of organizations in Barnaul oriented toward the general questions (preservation of historical center of the city, protection of park zones, etc.), as well as solution of particular problems. The author also underlines a large portion of youth (below 30 years of age) among the members of city protection communities. Despite the fact that currently the social database is restricted, members of the communities actively participate in city life, using the Internet as an environment for public self-presentation and channel for communication with population, government, and mass media.
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МОВА, Людмила. "Contemporary dance as a component of students’ physical education." EUROPEAN HUMANITIES STUDIES: State and Society 3, no. I (September 27, 2019): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.38014/ehs-ss.2019.3-i.02.
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Today in the modern world the basic human need for the development of one's own body and keeping it healthy and fit is a topical issue. Health is one of the most important prerequisites for harmonious, full-fledged life and personal self-realization. And it is precisely physical education that is aimed at the formation of a healthy, physically complete personality and the functional improvement of the organism. Dance is an integral part of a human plastic culture. The danceplastic culture education begins with the knowledge and development of the musculoskeletal system of a dancer. First and foremost, students need to learn how to perform basic dance exercises and movements efficiently, anatomically competently and consciously. In our understanding, the contemporary dance technique (post-postmodern) is the technique based on the natural laws of the body functioning with regard to the organization of movement and breathing. Muscles’ release from excessive tension and the activation of the faction level in movement organization, the natural anatomical work of joints and their strengthening, the structure of the body interrelations - all of the abovementioned should precede the technical dance mastery as a high-quality physical training of a student for further mastering of professional disciplines. That is why, in our opinion, a modern student-dancer should be knowledgeable about the body by the following parameters: how human movement is organized, structural peculiarities of the skeletal mobile zones (joints), the understanding what makes the body move in space, what is the center of the body gravity, how the movement of a person from the lower tier to the upper tier in space is organized, what is primary for understanding and training your body and why breathing is acknowledged as the number one item in teaching contemporary dance, what are fasciae and why the experienced dancers-teachers talk so much about them during their classes, how the floor plays the role of a partner and allows you to feel the zones with excessive tension in your body during movement, what BF (Bartenieff Fundamentals) and LMA (Laban Мovement Аnalysis) are and more.
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Fu, Kou Bao, and Fan Peng. "The Analysis of Security Wedge Lock-Rope Mechanism by ANSYS Finite Element Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.107.
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The performance of lock-rope mechanism affects the safe and efficient operation of mine hoisting system directly. The lock-rope mechanism with wedge angle 5° was designed by the mechanical analysis of wedge lock rope. Its entity model was established and the dynamic process of working is simulated by using the ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The results show that the wedge lock rope mechanism has the ability of self-locking. The strengthening institutions can largely eliminate the relative slip momentum between the lock-rope wedge-block and wire rope, which make the movement trend gentle, reduce the wear between the lock-rope wedge-block and wire rope and improve the security of wedge lock-rope mechanism effectively. The local equivalent stress of lock-rope wedge-block and wire rope are both present in the increasing distribution gradually from the upper to the lower.
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Schmutzer, Andrew J. "Spiritual Formation and Sexual Abuse: Embodiment, Community, and Healing." Journal of Spiritual Formation and Soul Care 2, no. 1 (May 2009): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193979090900200104.
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As a distortion of God's created designs, sexual abuse (SA) carries a unique devastation-factor. Abuse that is sexual in nature damages a spectrum of internal and external aspects of personhood. In particular, the core realities of: (1) self-identity, (2) community, (3) and spiritual communion with God can be deeply fractured through SA. In light of the significance of the image of God, movement toward healing includes strengthening personal agency, processing profound boundary ruptures, and managing disillusionment with God. Due to the multi-faceted trauma of sexual abuse (i.e., physical, social, spiritual) spiritual formation programs must not only plan for the unique profile of abuse victims, but also need to incorporate a fuller understanding and praxis of the realities of embodiment, ritual, and theocentric metaphor into their transformational goals. Analysis includes first-person experience, anthropological science, and theological reflection.
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Wang, Haixia. "From a Confucian Literati to a Military General: Li Hung Chang’s Views of Western Technology (1885-1896)." Asian Culture and History 8, no. 2 (August 25, 2016): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ach.v8n2p155.
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<p class="1Body">This paper focuses on Li Hung Chang (1823-1901)’s visit to England and America in 1896, to rethink and revaluate the importat role Li played at that historical time. Li Hung Chang toured Europe and America in 1896 as an imperial envoy of the first rank. Although some aspects of Li’s career and evaluation have been given monographic treatment, there is yet little study on his comments on his attitudes toward Western science and technology. This paper augues that if modernization is a matter of modern state power as an army, navy, or diplomatic corps, then Li was certainly a modernizer. But if modernization is a deeper process of organizational and institutional change, Li was not a determined modernizer. In fact, Li relied heavily on patronage even when he could exercise legitimate political power, in order to adovocate Self-Strengthening Movement.</p>
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Henry, Kristin D., Cherie Rosemond, and Lynn B. Eckert. "Effect of Number of Home Exercises on Compliance and Performance in Adults Over 65 Years of Age." Physical Therapy 79, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/79.3.270.
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Abstract Background and Purpose. There is limited research on the effects of the number of exercises a person is told to perform on compliance and performance, as defined by cueing requirements, correct alignment, and quality of movement. Some studies of medication suggest that compliance decreases as the number of medications increases. The purpose of this study was to determine whether older adults comply and perform better (ie, requiring less cueing, exhibiting correct alignment, and exhibiting controlled, coordinated, and continuous movements) when they are asked to do 2, 5, or 8 exercises. Subjects. Subjects were 11 women and 4 men, aged 67 to 82 years (X̄=72.8), who were living independently in their communities. Methods. Subjects were randomly prescribed 2, 5, or 8 general strengthening home exercises. They were instructed on their exercises at an initial session and asked to record the number of repetitions performed each day in a self-report exercise log. At a return session 7 to 10 days later, subjects were scored on their performance of the prescribed exercises using a newly designed assessment tool. Results. The group that was prescribed 2 exercises performed better, as defined by their performance tool score, than the group that was prescribed 8 exercises. The group that was prescribed 5 exercises was not different from the groups that performed 2 or 8 exercises. No differences were found among groups regarding the self-report measurement of compliance. There was a moderate correlation between performance scores and the self-report percentage rates. Conclusion and Discussion. Subjects who were prescribed 2 exercises performed better than subjects who were prescribed 8 exercises. The question of an optimal number of exercises to prescribe to elderly people warrants further study.
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Weegmann, Martin, and Christine English. "Beyond the Shadow of Drugs: Groups with Substance Misusers." Group Analysis 43, no. 1 (February 19, 2010): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0533316409357131.
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The myth of Sisyphus speaks to an excruciating cycle of relief and suffering that is central in addiction. This article considers the long shadow cast by drug use, which often constitutes a psychic takeover of personality, with healthier aspects of the self and other interests subsumed by the seductive thrall of intoxication. Such shadows can manifest in groups that promote sober dialogue and eschew anti-dialogue/group process. A means of strengthening psychic muscle, psychodynamic groups are shown to temper the destructive pull towards euphoric or mindless states. In recovery there is a provocative mixing of memory and desire, and recollections of drug highs in groups serve dangerous desires in their enactment of a talking high. Movement towards freedom from drugs, which includes the building of new identities, must be continually fought for. Clinical examples illustrate these points, and point to the devastating impact of addiction in families and the identity voids associated with destructive drinking and drugging.
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Armitage, Derek R. "Traditional agroecological knowledge, adaptive management and the socio-politics of conservation in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia." Environmental Conservation 30, no. 1 (March 2003): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892903000079.
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This paper illustrates the opportunity for conservation offered by linking traditional agroecological knowledge and advances in adaptive management theory and practice. Drawing on examples from the Banawa-Marawola region of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, a suite of traditional resource management practices premised on principles of adaptive management are identified and assessed, including: (1) resource management practices and regulations that are associated with the dynamics of complex systems; (2) procedural, planning and decision-making processes that foster learning; (3) sanctions and taboos that act as social mechanisms for the management and conservation of natural resources; and (4) ceremonies and social interactions that promote cultural internalization of the various practices, procedures and mechanisms. In addition, an emerging socio-political movement in the Banawa-Marawola region is explored. Premised on the strengthening of traditional rights and practices, the nascent Kamalise movement potentially provides the socio-political, institutional and organizational context needed to link traditional agroecological knowledge and adaptive management with broader conservation goals. Based on this analysis, two opportunities to enhance conservation in the region are identified: first, maintaining traditional agroecological systems and the associated adaptive resource management strategies used by local groups, and second, building upon the Kamalise movement to forge conservation alliances among communities, non-government and government organizations in which locally-evolved adaptive resource management strategies can be effectively applied. Both opportunities to combine traditional knowledge, adaptive management and conservation, however, are linked to the development aspirations of traditional groups: self-determination, acquisition of land rights and controlling the impacts of changes in livelihood.
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Piga, Matteo, Iosto Tradori, Danilo Pani, Gianluca Barabino, Alessia Dessì, Luigi Raffo, and Alessandro Mathieu. "Telemedicine Applied to Kinesiotherapy for Hand Dysfunction in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Recovery of Movement and Telemonitoring Technology." Journal of Rheumatology 41, no. 7 (June 1, 2014): 1324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.130912.
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Objective.To describe a feasibility study focused on a telemonitoring approach to self-managed kinesiotherapy sessions for the rehabilitation of hand function in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Ten patients with SSc and 10 with RA were enrolled in a 3-month controlled trial (approval no. 9751/2012 – Italian Department of Health) to perform a home kinesiotherapy protocol, consisting of strengthening and mobility exercises, using a newly developed telemedicine system (a portable device and the related telemonitoring infrastructure). A further 10 patients with SSc and 10 with RA were enrolled as controls to perform a similar home kinesiotherapy protocol with the aid of common daily-life objects. Both groups were evaluated at baseline and at followup, after 6 and 12 weeks. The primary outcome of the trial was hand function measured by Dreiser’s index (Functional Index for Hand OA, FIHOA), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and the Hand Mobility in Scleroderma (HAMIS) test (only for SSc).Results.Patients with SSc showed an improvement of FIHOA in both arms (p < 0.01) but the HAQ (p = 0.016) and the HAMIS test (right hand p = 0.016, left hand p = 0.075) improved significantly only in the experimental arm. Patients with RA showed a statistically significant improvement of FIHOA (p = 0.013) and HAQ (p = 0.015) in the experimental arm, while patients in the control arm did not significantly improve. However, no statistically significant differences in outcome measures between treatment methods were observed. Withdrawals were higher in control arms (SSc 20%; RA 30%) than in experimental arms (SSc 10%; RA 10%).Conclusion.Telemonitoring of self-administered kinesiotherapy programs is a promising approach to the rehabilitation of hand functions in patients with rheumatic disease.
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Durst, Jennifer, Inka Roesel, Gorden Sudeck, Kai Sassenberg, and Inga Krauss. "Effectiveness of Human Versus Computer-Based Instructions for Exercise on Physical Activity–Related Health Competence in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis: Randomized Noninferiority Crossover Trial." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 9 (September 28, 2020): e18233. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18233.
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Background Hip and knee osteoarthritis is ranked as the 11th highest contributor to global disability. Exercise is a core treatment in osteoarthritis. The model for physical activity–related health competence describes possibilities to empower patients to perform physical exercises in the best possible health-promoting manner while taking into account their own physical condition. Face-to-face supervision is the gold standard for exercise guidance. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate whether instruction and guidance via a digital app is not inferior to supervision by a physiotherapist with regard to movement quality, control competence for physical training, and exercise-specific self-efficacy. Methods Patients with clinically diagnosed hip osteoarthritis were recruited via print advertisements, emails and flyers. The intervention consisted of two identical training sessions with one exercise for mobility, two for strength, and one for balance. One session was guided by a physiotherapist and the other was guided by a fully automated tablet computer-based app. Both interventions took place at a university hospital. Outcomes were assessor-rated movement quality, and self-reported questionnaires on exercise-specific self-efficacy and control competence for physical training. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two treatment sequences. One sequence started with the app in the first session followed by the physiotherapist in the second session after a minimum washout phase of 27 days (AP group) and the other sequence occurred in the reverse order (PA group). Noninferiority was defined as a between-treatment effect (gIG)<0.2 in favor of the physiotherapist-guided training, including the upper confidence interval. Participants, assessors, and the statistician were neither blinded to the treatment nor to the treatment sequence. Results A total of 54 participants started the first training session (32 women, 22 men; mean age 62.4, SD 8.2 years). The treatment sequence groups were similar in size (PA: n=26; AP: n=28). Seven subjects did not attend the second training session (PA: n=3; AP: n=4). The app was found to be inferior to the physiotherapist in all outcomes considered, except for movement quality of the mobility exercise (gIG –0.13, 95% CI –0.41-0.16). In contrast to the two strengthening exercises in different positions (supine gIG 0.76, 95% CI 0.39-1.13; table gIG 1.19, 95% CI 0.84-1.55), movement quality of the balance exercise was close to noninferiority (gIG 0.15, 95% CI –0.17-0.48). Exercise-specific self-efficacy showed a strong effect in favor of the physiotherapist (gIG 0.84, 95% CI 0.46-1.22). In terms of control competence for physical training, the app was only slightly inferior to the physiotherapist (gIG 0.18, 95% CI –0.14-0.50). Conclusions Despite its inferiority in almost all measures of interest, exercise-specific self-efficacy and control competence for physical training did improve in patients who used the digital app. Movement quality was acceptable for exercises that are easy to conduct and instruct. The digital app opens up possibilities as a supplementary tool to support patients in independent home training for less complex exercises; however, it cannot replace a physiotherapist. Trial Registration German Clinical Trial Register: DRKS00015759; http://www.drks.de/DRKS00015759
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Biondo, Jacelyn, and Karolina Bryl. "S190. WHEN WORDS AREN’T ENOUGH: DANCE/MOVEMENT THERAPY AND SCHIZOPHRENIA." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S110—S111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.256.
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Abstract Background Dance/Movement Therapy (DMT) is a language that transcends the verbal realm. This facet of communicating through dance and movement is significant particularly when the population you are working with often communicates in ways that are creative, unique, and not necessarily conventional. This is often the case when working with people who have been diagnosed on the schizophrenia spectrum. Although they fall under the same diagnosis, positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia are embodied in quite different ways; as their names indicate, positive and negative symptoms are dichotomous and fall on opposite ends of a movement spectrum. Methods We will explore the many bodily manifestations of schizophrenia and DMT approaches to best support the specific needs associated with this complex diagnosis. The co-facilitators have each engaged in their own clinical practice and research exploring how DMT interventions can best serve the population in grounding, thought and behavioral organization, ego strengthening, and development of interpersonal relationships. As one can imagine, having a diagnosis of schizophrenia can be isolating and interrupt healthy relationship development due to stigmatization. The co-facilitators have found DMT to be a humanizing factor in this often dehumanized population. The use of creativity with people with schizophrenia allows the psychotherapeutic relationship to focus on personal strengths, individuality, and unconditional acceptance. Results Dance/movement therapists assess patient functioning through non-verbal indicators in everyday behavior, postural and gestural patterns, and qualitative elements that emerge during therapeutic interactions. Oftentimes, their experiences with positive symptomatology affect their ability to relate in a shared reality base with others not experiencing these positive symptoms. Single-session DMT interventions have supported a decrease in psychological distress, and positive and negative symptomatology for people with schizophrenia in an inpatient psychiatric facility (Biondo, 2019). Within a group DMT approach to treatment, dance/movement therapist considers movement and body-based experiences, as natural and effective sources of self-awareness and expression, which can illuminate the interrelationships between the many dimensions of human behavior (Bryl, 2018). This approach integrates movement techniques, creative embodiment, the non-verbal aspects of self-awareness and interpersonal communication and targets core specific features of chronic schizophrenia and negative symptomatology. As such it provides links to outcomes directly related to affective, cognitive, behavioral, and functional processes in the treatment for schizophrenia in residual stages (Bryl, 2018). Discussion Schizophrenia can manifest through many different representations: with positive and/or negative symptoms, and with acute episodes or chronicity. The diagnosis will interrupt healthy ego strength, the ability to relate with others, and the ability to function without supports. Dance/movement therapy is a wonderful approach to working with this population in its many forms, as it addresses the psychological, cognitive, social, and functional levels of participants. Although positive and negative symptoms often manifest quite differently on a movement level, DMT has the ability to support the many needs of those diagnosed with schizophrenia. The many limitations of psychopharmacological interventions for people with schizophrenia are evidence that inclusive, strengths-based, and body-informed therapy options would greatly benefit this population.
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Al-Fairusy, Muhajir, and Irwan Abdullah. "“ENDA KALAK SINGKEL” STRENGTHENING CONSCIOUSNESS OF COMMUNITY IDENTITY OF ACEH’S BORDER; ETHNIC CONTESTATION AND RELIGION IN SINGKIL." Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura 20, no. 2 (August 19, 2020): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jiif.v0i0.6862.
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This study is an effort to look deeper into the movement to strengthen ethnic identity in Singkil, Aceh. Singkil is one of the border districts of Aceh, and is actually affiliated with the meaning of an area that is inhabited by cross-ethnic and religious communities. So far, the Singkil community has identified itself on a territorial basis; pesisir and hulu. The Singkil Pesisir community is characterized by the use of the Malay-Minang language and settling along the coast. As for the hulu community, they are often identified as part of Pakpak and Alas because they use the kampung language (similar to the Pakpak language), most of whom live on the edge of the Singkil river. Even so, in the last half decade, discourse emerged through a cultural movement initiated by a handful of elite hulu communities, by campaigning for the Singkel (original) term, accompanied by the rejection of Pakpak label as the identity of Singkel as self identity. The question arises as to why ethnic identity strengthens in the midst of the Singkil community's communal life, which should be integrated in one regional identity. The purpose of this study is to measure descriptively the strengthening of ethnic identity in Singkil Regency. The research method used is qualitative with a grounded research approach. Data was also collected through reading related to the study of identity and the Singkil community. The results of the study indicate, if the awareness of ethnic identity strengthens amid the diversity of the Singkil community due to several factors; socio-political, religious, economic conditions and denial of identification of outsiders to the Singkil hulu identity are Pakpak sub-ethnic groups which are seen as degrading.
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Azhari, Ihsan. "The Influence of the Society Self-supporting Development Program (SSDP) Towards Regional Development in Serdang Bedagai Regency." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 3, no. 5 (2017): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.35.1007.
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Regional Development policy is the whole authority of the Head of the region where the development of the region has a direct impact on society. The direct contribution in policy implementation is anticipated. That is, the principal orientation in improving society’s welfare, so the government policy should reflect the profitable’s development between government and society by presenting the participation in the region. Serdang Bedagai district which is Government people’s participative development policy is “Development Movement Governmental / Gerbang Swara”(The Society Self -Supporting Development Programme / SSDP). Gerbang Swara as a movement is to raise society to build self-support in the which the means and infrastructure needed by society starting from the village and sub-district. There is the participation of society in regional development policy in the participative models by attacking Bedagai Government. The research before shows us there are many problems in the local participation in regional development. The development could be bottom-up development, not top-down development. This research would not criticize the fails or the success of regional development from the research before. This Research is the main strengthening of the model of the which applied in regional development and use the explanatory design and apply survey methods in Serdang Bedagai district. The results of hypothesis testing on each path coefficient Significantly influence the development of the planning region with the direction of the positive relationship. The decision making insignificantly influence on the regional development and going to the negative relationship. Whereas, the dissemination influential is significant on the regional development and going to the positive relations. The implementation influential is significant on the regional development and going to the positive relations. The evaluation process influential is significant on the regional development and going to the positive relations. Conversely, the utilization influential is insignificant on the regional development and going to the positive relations. Although in variable this research is positive and significant but, there are several variables which have no influence or significant impact on regional development.
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Kostyukov, A. "Quarter-century anniversary of the Russian Constitution." Law Enforcement Review 2, no. 3 (December 25, 2018): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2542-1514.2018.2(3).5-18.
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The subject of the paper is the constitutional development of Russia till 1990s up to 2018.The purpose of the paper is to identify the main trends in development of Russian consti-tutional legislation.The methodology of the research includes the formal legal analysis of Russian federal laws and their comparison with the decisions of Russian Constitutional Court.The main results and scope of their application. The author gives the legal assessment to main novelties in Russian constitutional legislation: an increase of the term of office of the President of the Russian Federation and the State Duma of the Russian Federation, the in-troduction of the annual reports by the Government of the Russian Federation to the State Duma of the Russian Federation on the results of their activities, the merger of the Supreme and Supreme Arbitration Courts of the Russian Federation, the strengthening of the posi-tions of the President of the Russian Federation when appointing prosecutors, judges, members of the Federation Council, officials of subjects of the Russian Federation, central-ization of local self-government. The identified trends may be used in future research of Russian constitutional legal order.The author comes to the conclusion that there is a need for strong state power in the con-ditions of reforming economic, social and state-legal institutions in Russia. The movement towards centralization and strengthening of the power vertical is a historically necessary and justified measure. It will be possible to implement decentralization and reduction of the regulatory functions of the state after the successful modernization of economic and social state and legal institutions.
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Park, Jung Mee, and Chun-Ping Wang. "Interpreting the Maritime and Overland Trade Regulations of 1882 between Chosŏn and the Qing: How logics of appropriateness shaped Sino–Korean relations." International Area Studies Review 23, no. 1 (September 5, 2019): 114–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2233865919871704.
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Prior research on Qing China’s relationship towards Chosŏn Korea in the late 19th century suggested that China’s influence over Korea was a continuation of the tribute system. However, the Qing’s awareness of Westphalian laws altered Sino–Korean relations. In 1882, Qing China signed the Maritime and Overland Trade Regulations with Chosŏn Korea. Unlike the previous treaties that China signed with western states, the Qing negotiated terms economically beneficial to China in the agreement. The Qing officials determined much of the terms found in the Regulations. The Qing officials had leverage over Chosŏn officials partly because China had amassed cultural capital through centuries of tributary exchanges. The logics of appropriateness (LoA) or ‘bounded rationality’ of the tribute system shaped the Qing’s and Chosŏn’s responses, even in treaty negotiations. We argued that the Regulations reflected the Qing’s attempts to ‘modernize’ tributary relations with Westphalian LoA in light of the Qing’s own domestic crisis. Domestic insurrections such as the Taiping Rebellion led members of the self-strengthening ( Ziqiang) movement to focus on foreign affairs and adopt Westphalian international laws. The Qing’s goals to self-strengthen via an unequal agreement with Chosŏn, however, failed when westerners criticized China’s perceived suzerain authority over Korea. The criticisms highlighted the cleavages between the tributary and Westphalian systems as individuals attempted to justify their roles within these institutions.
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Ilham, Ilham, Arsyad Abdul Gani, and Rudi Arrahman. "Penerapan Baitul Arqam untuk Peningkatan Nilai Al Islam dan Kemuhammadiyah bagi Dosen Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram." Aksiologiya: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 3, no. 2 (June 4, 2019): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/aks.v3i2.1839.
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Baitul Arqam for lecturers is the principal regeneration training held to unify the vision and build understanding of ideological values, systems, and real movement for lecturers within the Muhammadiyah Universities. The Baitul Arqam training for lecturers of the Muhammadiyah University of Mataram is to build an understanding ideology of Muhammadiyah, strengthening self-identity as a Muhammadiyah community, increasing commitment and integrity in developing Muhammadiyah's charities and organizations, and to build an excellent and Islamic teaching staff of Muhammadiyah University of Mataram. Participants of Baitul Arqam are 32 lecturers. The methods used in this training are varied lectures, demonstrations, simulations, and discussions. For assessment the participants was using the Context, Input, Process and Product (CIPP) model based on cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. Based on the analysis results, the average score of participants in the cognitive aspect was 75.7, affective 76.5 and psychomotor 74.13. Thus, the level of understanding of contract lecturers at Muhammadiyah University of Mataram was good. So, the applied of Baitul Arqam has effect in increasing the participants’ understanding towards Al Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan values for the lectures of Muhammadiyah University of Mataram.
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Rodukov, Alexey. "Transformation of States in the Era of Globalization: Synergistic Aspect." Logos et Praxis, no. 2 (September 2019): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2019.2.14.
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Social synergy considers the historical process as a movement along a logarithmic (narrowing and going to infinity) spiral that is a "golden spiral", obeying the law of differentiating and integrating of social ideals (V.P. Branskiy). The totalitarian ideal expresses the cult of responsibility (order) and the anarchist ideal expresses the cult of freedom (chaos). The society is committed to an optimal balance of chaos and order, freedom and responsibility. Thus, in the concept of "regimes with exacerbation" by S.P. Kurdyumov the phase transition (from one state to another) is associated with an increasing tendency to speeding up the process. The history shows rather "oscillation" tendencies of strengthening or weakening of the state. Extremes are deconstructive. Thus the processes of establishing the optimal ratio between chaos and order in society are reflected in the law of hierarchical compensation by E.A. Sedov. However, the self-organization of the state as such is carried out as an endless tendency towards the common to all mankind ideal and it is non-linear, contrary to the classics of Marxism. Nowadays, the fateful for the state contradiction between the democratic process of "degovernmentalization", on the one hand, and the "capture" of supranational institutions and functions first by the national and then transnational corporations, on the other, is being actualized. The privatization of property and the non-admission of the "rest" of population to this process leads to the de-socialization of the state. The goal of a corporation-state is to weaken or even eliminate the national identity and sovereignty of a nation-state. The state rejection of social functions and guarantees means its strengthening. On the contrary, the development and functioning of the institutions of the societal state and civil society goes under state patronage and leads to the removal of the state monopoly from the several sides of the life of society.
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Cheung, Kin, Mimi M. Y. Tse, Chi Kan Wong, Kwan Wai Mui, Siu Kan Lee, Ka Yan Ma, Keith T. S. Tung, and Echo Ping Woi Lau. "The Effectiveness of a Multidisciplinary Exercise Program in Managing Work-Related Musculoskeletal Symptoms for Low-Skilled Workers in the Low-Income Community: A Pre-Post-Follow-Up Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 9 (May 2, 2019): 1548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091548.
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Studies on work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WRMSs) have been conducted mainly on different types of workforce but not many on low-skilled workers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary exercise program in decreasing the number of body parts with WRMSs for low-skilled workers. This study used a repeated-measures, single-group design. One hundred and five (105) workers participated in eight weekly 90-min sessions (including 45-min workshops and 45-min exercises) in low-income community settings. The exercise program involved a 21-movement stretching exercise and a 10-movement muscle-strengthening exercise. Questionnaire and health-assessment data were collected at the baseline (N = 105) and immediately after the 8-week program (n = 86). The average age of the 105 participants was 50.5 ± 8.7 years (ranging from 31 to 67). Over 80% (n = 87) of them were female, 68.6% (n = 72) were married, and 68.6% (n = 72) had completed secondary school. They reported an average of three body parts with WRMSs at baseline (T0). By the end of the eight weeks (T1), the participants had reduced the number of WRMS-affected body parts, job stress, and incidences of working through pain, and had improved spine flexibility and handgrip strength. The factors significantly affecting the reduction in the number of body parts with WRMSs were change in the workstyle of working through pain, and self-rated health status. Our study has demonstrated that a community-based multidisciplinary program can reduce the number of body parts affected by WRMSs in low-skilled workers in low-income communities.
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Garcez, Maximiliano Nagl. "A Struggle for Democracy in the Workplace : The Possibilities and Limits of the Constitutionalization of Labour and Employment Law in Brazil." Les Cahiers de droit 48, no. 1-2 (April 12, 2005): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/043926ar.
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Workplace relations in developing countries are characterized as being traditionally authoritarian. But severe violation of human rights in the workplace can also be found in the most developed countries, and therefore modern society is finding itself faced with a sad reality : a universal situation of the vulnerability and fragility of human rights in the workplace. Through the weakening of state institutions and the corresponding strengthening of the economic power spheres within the context of globalization, the survival of democracy in everyday life is threatened by transnational corporations, especially considering the lack of instruments to appropriately punish them. The human rights movement in Brazil has focused on the violation of human rights perpetrated by governments, yet it has not been so critical or outspoken regarding violations committed by major corporations. Defending the implementation of human rights in the workplace is an effort to counteract the dehumanization of worker-citizens by giving them more space for self-determination. It is essential that the principle of human dignity, already enshrined in the Brazilian Constitution, becomes one of the main pillars of Labour and Employment Law. The article analyzes how the constitutionalization of Labour and Employment Law in Brazil has been used to tackle the above mentioned problems.
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Oryshchenko, I. "HISTORICAL STUDIES OF VOLODYMYR HRYHOROVYCH LIASKORONSKYI (20.04.1858 – 21.05.1920)." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 136 (2018): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2018.136.1.10.
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The article is devoted to the coverage of the life path and the scientific and professional activities of the scientist-medieval Vladimir Lyaskoronsky (1858-1920). On the basis of archival materials, the main milestones of the biography of the scientist, his teaching work are determined. The scientific works of V. Lyaskoronsky «Ethnography for Adam Bremen» and «Philippe August and its relation to the cities» are analyzed. The views of the medieval on the essence of the medieval city, its evolution, and the main features that characterized the wide movement of the urban population for gaining the right to self-government were established. The socio-economic and political foundations that influenced the support of the French King Philippe August communes and gave them a special status were identified. The connection between the development of cities and the obtaining of privileges with the process of the establishment of royal power in France, the expansion of the domain, the struggle with influential feudal lords (Plantagenets, graphs of Flanders), strengthening the military power of France in the late XII - early XIII century. The relationship between Philip Augustus and the clergy and ways of resolving conflicts between the city's population and representatives of the church are considered.
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Ridge, Sarah, Adrienne Henderson, Dustin Bruening, Kevin Jurgensmeier, Mark Olsen, David Griffin, Aaron Johnson, and Irene Davis. "Midfoot Angle Changes During Running After an 8-week Foot Strengthening Program." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 2473011418S0040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011418s00405.
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Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: The arch has been referred to as the core of the foot. The arch’s structure, movement, and integrity during running gait largely depends on the function of intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles. There are many injuries that can be associated with a dysfunctional medial longitudinal arch. Improving the strength of the foot muscles could help improve arch function during running. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in arch deformation after eight weeks in a foot strengthening exercise group (FS), a group walking in minimalist shoes (MSW), and a control group (C). Methods: 24 healthy runners (average of 15-30 miles/week, no experience with minimalist footwear) were randomly assigned to FS (n=9), MSW (n=7) or C (n=8). FS subjects followed a series of progressive exercises designed to strengthen the intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles. MSW subjects walked in minimal footwear, increasing from 2,500 to 7,000 steps/day over an 8 wk period. All runners maintained their pre-study mileage in conventional running shoes throughout the 8-week study Three-dimensional motion analysis data was collected at the beginning of the study and after week 8. Passive-reflective markers were placed according to the Oxford Foot Model. Subjects ran at a self-selected pace on a treadmill while data were collected for at least 10 strides. Peak midfoot angles were extracted and averaged within each trial. Group means at week 0 and week 8 were compared using paired t-tests with alpha set at 0.05. Results: While all groups experienced a decrease in midfoot angle, only the FS group experienced a significant change (see table). These results suggest that the foot exercise intervention resulted in more arch control during running than the progressive walking in minimal shoes. Greater changes may have been found if the subjects progressively ran in the minimal shoes which would have placed greater demands on the arch musculature. Conclusion: Based on these data, it seems possible for patients to reduce the amount of arch deformation during running by using targeted foot exercises. This could help with patients who have overuse injuries associated with increased arch deformation. These results also suggest that foot strengthening may be an effective way to prepare for minimal footwear running.
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Vance, Charles M., Yvonne McNulty, Yongsun Paik, and Jason D'Mello. "The expat-preneur: conceptualizing a growing international career phenomenon." Journal of Global Mobility 4, no. 2 (June 13, 2016): 202–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgm-11-2015-0055.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce the emerging international career phenomenon of the “expat-preneur,” an individual temporarily living abroad who initiates an international new venture (self-employment) opportunity in a host country. Design/methodology/approach – This analysis is based on the authors’ observance of developing trends that also are showcased in the international management and IHRM literatures. Findings – Two general types of expat-preneurs are proposed: first, pre-departure expat-preneurs who move abroad with a preconceived entrepreneurial purpose; and second, transitioned expat-preneurs who, only while abroad, recognize and pursue a new venture opportunity, either from the status of self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) looking for local employment or while serving as organization-assigned expatriates and leaving the organization at the end of the assignment or midstream. Research limitations/implications – Distinctions between expat-preneurs and typical business SIEs are explored, and important contributions that expat-preneurs may provide in strengthening local host country economies are considered. Directions for further systematic and empirical research on the expat-preneur international career phenomenon are discussed. Practical implications – Important mutually beneficial implications are noted for multinationals in supporting expat-preneurs’ long-term success in host country environments. Originality/value – This conceptual study provides a valuable recognition and analysis of an important and growing international career category that has received scant attention in the literature. This research has important implications for the understanding of new international career dynamics associated with the growing trend of international entrepreneurship, especially valuable for emerging markets and of interest to multinational firms interested in the movement of their human capital.
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Medvid, Oksana. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF CREDIT COOPERATION IN DROHOBYCH REGION (1920s ‒ 1930s)." Problems of humanities. History, no. 5/47 (March 27, 2021): 282–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2312-2595.5/47.217788.
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Summary. The purpose of the study is to reveal the activities of credit unions in Drohobych region in the interwar period, to show their role in the economic protection of the Ukrainian population of Galicia in interwar Poland. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systematicity, scientificity, authorial objectivity, as well as the use of general scientific and special-historical methods. The scientific novelty lies in the study of the development of credit cooperation in Drohobych in the 1920‒1930’s. Conclusions. An important place in the cooperative movement of Eastern Galicia in the interwar period belonged to credit cooperatives. In 1938, there were 25 credit cooperatives of Raiffeisen type (rural associations) and Ukrainian banks (Schulze-Delich city cooperatives) in Drohobych region, which were united around Central Bank (Central Cooperative Bank of "Krai Credit Union"). The capital of these institutions consisted of shares of members and contributions of the population. Credit cooperation protected Ukrainians, increased their solvency and economic independence, national consciousness. The main financial institution of the Ukrainian credit cooperative was Central Bank. With well-developed cooperation, Ukrainians could work effectively even under unfavourable conditions and hostility from the Polish occupation regime. The cooperation protected not only the material but also the spiritual needs of Ukrainian citizens, it was a natural manifestation of social and economic self-organization of the people, a source of its cultural self-development. The financial and credit system contributed to the development of cooperation through the organization of affordable credit for the population, the facilitation of mutual relations between national organizations and the strengthening of the legal status of cooperation.
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Carcamo-Oyarzun, Jaime, Isaac Estevan, and Christian Herrmann. "Association between Actual and Perceived Motor Competence in School Children." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10 (May 14, 2020): 3408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103408.
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(1) Background: The association between actual and perceived motor competence (MC) is one of the underlying mechanisms that influence the practice of physical activity. This study mainly aimed to analyze the structure and correlations between actual and perceived MC in schoolchildren and to compare actual and perceived MC between girls and boys. (2) Methods: A total of 467 fifth and sixth graders (43.9% girls, M = 11.26, SD = 0.70) participated. Actual and perceived MC were assessed. To examine the proposed four factor models, structural equation models (factor analyses, latent correlations, invariance testing for gender) were conducted. Student t-test for independent samples was used to compare boys and girls. (3) Results: Proposed models achieved acceptable fit values with moderate correlation between the factors according to the type of MC in actual and perceived MC. Invariant factor structure in boys and girls was revealed. Boys performed and perceived themselves higher in object control than girls; whereas girls showed higher actual and perceived self-movement than boys. (4) Conclusions: The association between actual and perceived MC exists both globally and separately by gender, despite the differences between boys and girls. It is important to consider the role of gender and type of MC in the development of motor competencies, as well as in the strengthening of the children’s sense of competence.
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Shao, Qin. "Exhibiting the Modern: The Creation of the First Chinese Museum, 1905–1930." China Quarterly 179 (September 2004): 684–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741004000542.
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This study examines the birth and use of the first Chinese-sponsored museum, in Nantong county, Jiangsu province, in the context of local elites' effort to make the county an example of modern progress. It reflects on the changing notion of progress among Chinese elites since the self-strengthening movement of the 1860s, and also illustrates an often neglected dimension of modernity – exhibitory modernity, or presentation. The Nantong elites proved to be masters at manipulating exhibitory modernity to reconstruct their community. Understanding exhibitory modernity in the early 20th century sheds light on China's current modernization effort. One of the distinct marks of the new era has been the tremendous energy and resources invested in exhibitory institutions and activities, as demonstrated in the national zeal for China to host the 2008 Olympics and the 2010 World Expo. These sorts of activities are in part aimed at showing the rising status of China. By bringing the world – globally recognized symbols for power, strength, respect, modernity and cosmopolitanism such as the World Expo – to China, it wishes to remake its national image as part of that advanced world on the one hand, and boost nationalism at home on the other. This and the Nantong experience illustrate both the artificiality of national and community identity and the enduring force of modernity.
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Ismagilova, Roza. "Ethiopia: the Victory of the Sidama in the Longer Than a Century’s Struggle for the Self-determination." Uchenie zapiski Instituta Afriki RAN, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2021-55-2-47-65.
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For the first time in the history of domestic Ethiopian studies, the article analyzes in detail the successful struggle of one of the Ethiopian peoples’, the Sidama, for self-determination. On the 20th of November, 2019 a truly historic event took place in Ethiopia: one of the country’s many ethnic communities, the Sidama, achieved self-government. At a referendum about 98% voted in favor of the creation of the Sidama state. This provoked a chain reaction in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ Region: already 13 ethnic communities – Wolaita, Gamo, Gurage, Kaffa and others – are demanding the creation of their own states. Centrifugal processes in the country have become noticeably more active. The present paper is divided in four sections. The first section, “Who are the Sidama?”, offers a detailed description of the Sidama and emphasizes the vitality of traditional social and cultural institutions, including ethnic stratification and the continued presence of castes of artisans. At the same time, it is noted that globalization and urbanization are introducing significant changes in the life of the Sidama. The second section, “The Sidama under ethnic federalism”, analyzes the positive and negative aspects of ethnic federalism and the reasons for the discontent of the Sidama, as well as the causes of Sidama’s grievances and conflicts over power and resources with other ethnic communities, which ultimately led to their struggle for self-government. The third section, “The Sidama’s struggle for self-government”, provides a detailed account of the Sidama’s struggle against the policy of Amharization during the imperial period, the discrimination in Derg rule (1974–1991) and, since 1991, during the period of ethnic federalism. The fourth section, “Referendum”, is devoted to a detailed description of this important event in the life of the Sidama and their victory: the difficulties and obstacles to organizing the referendum, the attitude of the federal government, the referendum itself and victory. Finally, in the fifth section, “The impact of the creation of the Sidama state on the situation in the region”, the author analyzes the Constitution of the new state. The creation of the new 10th state on the ethnic basis means the strengthening of ethnic federalism in Ethiopia. It is important to stress that the author has conducted several e-mail interviews with Sidama scholars and journalists – active participants in the Sidama movement for self-determination – on the topic of post-referendum events.
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Nowak, Katarzyna, Halina Muzaj, Halina Nawrocka, and Piotr Sobaniec. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of MNRI therapy in children with autism based on the ATEC test – a preliminary report." Rehabilitacja Medyczna 22, no. 3 (October 23, 2018): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.6899.
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Autism (ASD) is a multiform disorder of unexplored etiology. Therapeutic treatment is therefore symptomatic0 and due to the complexity and variety of symptoms, it must be individualized. Therapists reach for various methods and forms of work with an autistic patient. In this situation, there is also a need to evaluate the therapeutic procedure and the choice of methods that will help assess the effectiveness of therapy. One of the proposed activities is therapeutic modality MNRI (Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Integration), while the standard ATEC test is used to assess the effectiveness of therapy. The MNRI method deals with the functioning of basic reflexes, the movement system and its impact on the developmental and learning processes. The MNRI method is aimed at restoring normal neurosensoric development and integration of reflex patterns, motor coordination systems and skills enabling movement functioning, behavioural regulation, emotional and cognitive functions. Therapy consists in activating reflex patterns to stimulate the natural resources of the brain, the body, strengthening memory and neurosensotimotive as well as motor integration. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of MNRI therapy in children with autism based on the ATEC test. The study involved 60 children diagnosed with autism (F84.0) according to ICD-10 criteria. The average age of patients was 10.7 years. Each participant of the project took an active part in the 11-day rehabilitation process according to the MNRI programme. The standardized ATEC test was used to assess the effectiveness of therapy. Analysis of the results of the ATEC test before and after the 11-day rehabilitation in autistic patients showed positive effects of MNRI therapy among 43.5% of the subjects. These effects included, for part I - in terms of communication, an increase was noted by 9.2%; for part II – socialization0 58.3%; part III - sensory feeling, cognitive awareness, 47.2% and in part IV - physical health, emotions, behaviour, 57.9%. MNRI therapy positively influenced the examined group of autistic patients. Particularly noticeable improvement was expressed in the reduction of self-inflicted harm (65%), reduced hypersensitivity and improvement in sound tolerance (80%), improvement of awareness of one’s own body's (60%); greater calmness, self-control (80%). The therapy is safe, painless, has no negative effects. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. null
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Кazantseva, Dina B., and Sergey I. Iventev. "Spiritual and Moral Potential of Personality in the Social-Political Sphere of Modern Russia." Humanitarian: actual problems of the humanities and education 21, no. 1 (April 14, 2021): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2078-9823.053.021.202101.078-095.
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Introduction. The article examines the spiritual and moral aspect of the political sphere. Due to the fact that the core of the potential of the Russian (Russian) politician has historically been the spiritual and moral principle of the Russian mentality, which is formed as a result of spiritual and moral development, in the process of education and training, then analytics, strategic management and the creation of a system of diligence gave the maximum effect of effectiveness in development of the country, were created on the basis of the spiritual and moral ideals of managers as the most important axiological guidelines of society. The purpose of the article is to study the influence of the spiritual and moral potential of a politician’s personality on the political sphere of modern Russia. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of scientific research is cultural-historical, activity-based, integrated, transdisciplinary and psychosocial approaches. The intentional-dynamic concept and theories of cognitive dissonance, structuralist-constructivist, structuralist, ethnomethodological are used. Research Results. The research results in a scientific and philosophical substantiation of the fact that the spiritual and moral principle of the personality of a Russian politician is the essential basis of his resource development, a source of strength, motives and internal activity. The spiritual and moral potential of a politician’s personality determines the movement of deep essential vital forces that unfold through the mental program, which is the generic archetypal basis for self-realization, determining the strategy and tactics, the vector of the country’s development. Determined by the civilization of Russia, the mental programs of the behaviour of the politician’s personality create his stable stereotypes of behaviour and values, preserving the Russian (Russian) mentality, spiritual and moral values and Russian culture as a way of being of society at the genetic level. In connection with the identification through spiritual and moral values with Russian identity, the civilizational foundations of other countries are alien to him and his activities are aimed at strengthening the Russian statehood. Discussion and Conclusion. In the modern political sphere of Russia, there are contradictions between the objective laws of the development of the potential of a politician’s personality and his subjective preferences, which create new realities that violate the foundations of the country’s civilizational development; traditional, culture-forming and external, civilizational alien, changing the essential of Russian civilizational foundations, weakening the fulcrum in the mentality of political leaders. The resolution of contradictions is determined by the peculiarities of the cultural, historical, spiritual development of Russia, which contain the mobilization potential of the individual and society; the power of a political personality, which is an active subject of political activity, realizing its spiritual and moral potential, launching the deep essential forces of the generic archetype of spiritual and moral qualities, carrying out the processes of self-organization of the system, sustainable development and stabilization of society. Strengthening Russia as a world power is possible only for a political subject of the corresponding mentality, giving strength and the essential basis of movement and development, due to the fact that it is the mentality of a politician, which is a manifestation of the mental program of society, that creates the possibility of successful actions in the cultural and educational space of his country. Only in this case politics will act as a spiritual and moral ideal and an important axiological guideline for society and every citizen.
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Trutenko, Hanna. "State of development of service agricultural cooperation in Ukraine." Ekonomika APK 309, no. 7 (July 28, 2020): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202007102.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state, development and role of agricultural service cooperatives in the functioning of households and family farms in the regions of Ukraine. Research methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the works of domestic and foreign scientists and practitioners, as well as the normative-legal acts of Ukraine that regulate relations in agricultural service cooperatives. The methods of analysis, synthesis, grouping, balance sheet were used to assess the development status of agricultural service cooperatives; when establishing production volumes - estimated, graphic; to substantiate the principles of effective development of the service cooperative - comparative analysis. Research results. The article presents the analysis of the current state of agricultural cooperatives in Ukraine, identifies and analyzes the principal reasons hampering the development of production and service cooperatives. It is established that agricultural service cooperative is a key mechanism of self-organization of rural producers, protection of small households and family farms against unscrupulous intermediary structures. Scientific novelty. The main reasons for the development of agricultural service cooperatives have been identified and analyzed. It is established that under the conditions of fierce market competition, enterprises are forced to evolve in order not to stay ahead of progress and entrepreneurship. Practical significance. The priority measures that will promote the development of cooperative movement in rural areas are proposed. Along with the strengthening of family farming and large-scale production, it is necessary to develop agricultural service cooperation as a foundation for structural restructuring of agriculture. Tabl.: 3. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 13.
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Mahmoudian, Armaghan, Dieter Van Assche, Walter Herzog, and Frank P. Luyten. "Towards secondary prevention of early knee osteoarthritis." RMD Open 4, no. 2 (August 2018): e000468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2017-000468.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most common arthritic disease, yet a convincing drug treatment is not available. The current narrative review focuses on integration of scientific evidence and professional experience to illustrate which management approaches can be taken for prototypical individual patient profiles with early knee OA. Animal models suggest that: (1) OA can progress even in the presence of fully recovered movement kinetics, kinematics and muscle activation patterns; (2) muscle weakness is an independent risk factor for the onset and possibly the rate of progression of knee OA; (3) onset and progression of OA are not related to body weight but appear to depend on the percentage of body fat. From studies in the human model, one could postulate that risk factors associated with progression of knee OA include genetic traits, preceding traumatic events, obesity, intensity of pain at baseline, static and dynamic joint malalignment and reduced muscle strength. Taken this into account, an individual can be identified as early knee OA at high risk for disease progression. A holistic patient-tailored management including education, supportive medication, weight loss, exercise therapy (aerobic, strengthening and neuromuscular) and behavioural approaches to improve self-management of early knee OA is discussed in individual prototypic patients. Secondary prevention of early knee OA provides a window of opportunity to slow down or even reverse the disease process. Yet, as the sheer number of patients early in the OA disease process is probably large, a more structured approach is needed to provide appropriate care depending on the patient’s individual risk profile.
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Tereshchenko, V. I., L. A. Shtanko, and P. Y. Livak. "Calculation of kinds of reaction and level of stamina of UIAS students during realization of Letunov’s test physical load." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 4(134) (April 16, 2021): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2021.4(134).27.
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The study is devoted to relevant problems of maintaining the healthy lifestyle of students of young age of Ukrainian Institute of Arts and Sciences. Calculating the kinds of reaction and level of stamina of students towards physical load according to Letunov’s test to discover the functional state of cardiovascular system.
Moving activity is a necessary part of healthy lifestyle and is determined and stipulated by totality of physical activity of a person. Both excessive and lacking physical load can be negatively marked on health state of students under the conditions of term control. Rational usage of the means of physical education has its positive influence and irrational usage can cause pathological changes in the system of blood circulation. Results of medical examination of first year students claims that the quantity of students with deflections of health state increases every year. Correct organization of the process of physical education can become driving force of all the studying process by forming and strengthening the physical education of a personality. It happens by means of stimulating the development of the most significant biological and social needs of a person such as movement, development, self- affirmation, self-education. Nowadays during practice coordination of the studying process for teachers of physical education in school and also teachers of physical education in higher educational institutions unconventional cases happen in terms of admittance of a pupil for the physical education lesson or a student for a physical education lesson, taking into account a few accidents that happened at physical education lessons at schools, which are connected to the low level of health state of majority of students. Certainly, nowadays unfavorable ecological factors, high level of stressful situations, low level of water quality, low level of food quality, poor life standards influence negatively the city residents. [1]
The implementation of modern technologies considerably fosters the decrease of physical activity, which stimulates notable rejuvenation of many diseases, that were typical for older population 10 years ago. [2,7,8]
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Bakhrushyn, V. "Enforcement of student-centered approach in the Ukrainian legislation on higher education." International Scientific Journal of Universities and Leadership, no. 1(5) (December 20, 2018): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31874/2520-6702-2018-5-1-3-12.
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The focus on the development of student-centered learning and teaching in higher education has increased considerably in the course of the recent years. This has been reflected in many documents of the European Higher Education Area and become an impetus for the establishment of relevant norms in Ukrainian legislation. The development of the concept of educational leadership simultaneously took place, which is seen as the unity of leadership in education, leadership for education and leadership of education (S. Kalashnikova, 2012). Student-centered approach is one of the important bases for forming leadership potential both for universities and the higher education system as a whole, as well as for future specialists who will work in a wide range of fields after their graduation.
The evolution of the norms of Ukrainian legislation for the rights of students and student self-government during the last 30 years is analyzed in the article. The first steps in this direction are shown to be made at the turn of the 1980-1990s. However, the movement towards strengthening the academic freedoms of students, their right to choose a part of the content of education, self-government, participation in governance and decision-making process was inconsistent and contradictory. Many of the norms adopted in the early 1990s have not been implemented yet or only they are embedded in the appropriate institutions of higher education. Many of these norms are still negatively perceived by a significant part of Ukrainian educators who do not understand the importance of changing the attitude towards students to improve their success and competitiveness as a system of higher education in Ukraine and particular universities as well as the entire state. Several years ago, the Soviet norms that included the participation of the Komsomol organizations in solving student issues remained valid, and certain Soviet norms remained to be in force today. There is a greater number of such norms in the internal normative documents of institutions of higher education. Meanwhile, the European Higher Education Area continues to develop the methodology and tools of the student-centered approach, to expand the rights and opportunities for students. This negatively affects the competitiveness of Ukrainian higher education.
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von Hagen, MarK. "The Entangled Eastern Front and the Making of the Ukrainian State: a Forgotten Peace – a Forgotten War and Nation-Building." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XIX (2018): 45–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2018-2.
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In his article the author reproduced a picture of the Ukrainian state formation and described the stages of the independence movement deployment. Despite all the efforts — conscious or unconscious — of the numerous “authors” of Ukrainian statehood, there were always powerful forces who opposed the idea of Ukraine’s independence. The Bolsheviks and Whites showed the most hostile attitude towards the idea of the Ukrainian state and nation. This was confirmed by the devastating actions of the White Army and the Polish Republic in the western lands of Ukraine. A first war between Soviet Russia and Ukraine poisoned the relations of the two revolutionary governments and ruined the peace among the Ukrainian Bolsheviks. However, because of their state weakness and the urgent need for food for the starving Petrograd and other parts of Russia, Bolsheviks were supposed to pretend that they take their slogans of national self-determination seriously. Even recognizing the Ukrainian People’s Republic and at the same time putting ultimatums on it and threatening war, unless the UNR surrenders its armed forces and statehood to the subject of the Bolsheviks. The author explored the process of German-Austrian occupation of Ukraine, noting that the occupation in wartime is characterized by the features of colonial regimes of exploitation and subordination, which vividly and at the same time sadly demonstrates the presence of the Central Powers in Ukraine in 1918. By strengthening the Ukrainian government they had contracted with and promised military and political support, the Germans were simultaneously weakening and undermining it because of their inflated demands. The article also analyzes the limited sovereignty of the Ukrainian state, describes the attitude to the idea of the Ukrainian state and the nation of other peoples. Keywords: Ukrainian state, independence, sovereignty, occupation, Bolsheviks, Soviet Russia, Central states.
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Hammond, Alexander, Craig Perrin, James Steele, Jürgen Giessing, Paulo Gentil, and James P. Fisher. "The effects of a 4-week mesocycle of barbell back squat or barbell hip thrust strength training upon isolated lumbar extension strength." PeerJ 7 (July 26, 2019): e7337. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7337.
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Objectives Common exercises such as the barbell back squat (BBS) and barbell hip thrust (BHT) are perceived to provide a training stimulus to the lumbar extensors. However, to date there have been no empirical studies considering changes in lumbar extension strength as a result of BBS or BHT resistance training (RT) interventions. Purpose To consider the effects of BBS and BHT RT programmes upon isolated lumbar extension (ILEX) strength. Methods Trained male subjects (n = 14; 22.07 ± 0.62 years; 179.31 ± 6.96 cm; 79.77 ± 13.81 kg) were randomised in to either BBS (n = 7) or BHT (n = 7) groups and performed two training sessions per week during a 4-week mesocycle using 80% of their 1RM. All subjects were tested pre- and post-intervention for BBS and BHT 1RM as well as isometric ILEX strength. Results Analyses revealed that both BBS and BHT groups significantly improved both their BBS and BHT 1RM, suggesting a degree of transferability. However, the BBS group improved their BBS 1RM to a greater degree than the BHT group (p = 0.050; ∼11.8 kg/10.2% vs. ∼8.6 kg/7.7%, respectively). And the BHT group improved their BHT 1RM to a greater degree than the BBS group (p = 0.034; ∼27.5 kg/24.8% vs. ∼20.3 kg/13.3%, respectively). Neither BBS nor BHT groups significantly improved their isometric ILEX strength. Conclusions The present study supports the concept of specificity, particularly in relation to the movement mechanics between trunk extension (including pelvic rotation) and ILEX. Our data suggest that strength coaches, personal trainers, and trainees can self-select multi-joint lower-body trunk extension exercises based on preference or variety. However, evidence suggests that neither the BBS nor BHT exercises can meaningfully increase ILEX strength. Since strengthening these muscles might enhance physical and sporting performance we encourage strength coaches and personal trainers to prescribe ILEX exercise.