Academic literature on the topic 'Semantics; Linguistics; Aesthetics'

This paper is the first complex research of lexical synonyms as components of the artistic discourse of modern Ukrainian female prose introduced into the field of semantic, linguistic and stylistic analysis. The scientific novelty of the paper is that for the first time in linguistic and Ukrainian studies the lexical synonymy in modern Ukrainian female prose is comprehensively explored, as a result of which the semantic, linguistic and stylistic features of synonyms are clarified. The study proves that in the analyzed works lexical synonyms, which express the idiolects of modern Ukrainian female prose writers and constitute a set of expressive and imaging marking means of their language creation, represent a number of semantic, linguistic-stylistic, categories. Which allows interpreting them not only in the functional-semantic context but also within linguostylistics. Modern Ukrainian female prose in Ukrainian literature is the latest holistic socio-cultural phenomenon is represented by the works of such authors as Emma Andiievska, Sophiia Andrukhovych, Nina Bichui, Liuko Dashvar, Oksana Zabuzhko, Kateryna Kalytko, Irena Karpa, Yevhenii Kononenko, Maria Matios and others. In the paper it is proved that word convergences appear in the literary text because of the special purpose, the purpose set by the authors, therefore they become striking representatives of idiolects of separate masters of prose. In the paper a detailed analysis of lexical synonyms is carried out, which in the artistic discourse of modern Ukrainian female prose perform a number of basic and additional functions, among which are: functions of differentiation, substitution, aesthetics, synonymic opposition, etc. Using lexical synonyms in different contexts, prose female writers always carefully weigh the semantic nuances of each word, thus achieving the expressiveness, sophistication and high aesthetic value of their literature.

Many online communities use TagClouds, an aesthetic and easy to understand visualization, to represent popular tags collaboratively generated by their users. However, due to the free nature of tagging, such collaborative tags have linguistic problems and limitations, such as high semantic density. Moreover, the alphabetical order of TagClouds poorly supports a hierarchical exploration among tags. This paper presents an exploration to support semantic understanding of collaborative tags beyond TagClouds. Based on the results of the authors’ survey of practical usages of collaborative tags, they developed a visualization named TagClusters, in which tags are clustered into different groups, with font size representing tag popularity and the spatial distance indicating the semantic similarity between tags. The subgroups in each group and the overlap between groups are highlighted, illustrating the underlying hierarchical structure and semantic relations between groups. The authors conducted a comparative evaluation with TagClouds and TagClusters based on the same tag set. The results confirmed the advantage of TagClusters in facilitating browsing, comparing and comprehending semantic relations between tags.

Deminutive vocabulary is a vivid means of emotional and allegorical expression of a literary text, especially when it comes to Ukrainian folk songs. The need for its further study in terms of word formation, semantics and expressive possibilities in the literary text will clarify the idea of reduction as a word-forming category, the peculiarities of its use in Ukrainian folk songs. High derivational activity of diminutive suffixes in the modern Ukrainian language is a manifestation of the nominative function – the desire to call small objects (rarely – minor phenomena of reality) a derivative with a diminutive formant. With the help of diminutive suffixes the aesthetic function of the word is realized – the desire to give the lexical unit of expression, to introduce into it an additional shade of expression. Diminutives often used in adult language addressed to children, and in children's language. Each group of words of subjective evaluation characterized by certain forms used in the formation of derivatives and express an inexhaustible number of different shades of meaning. Derivational analysis can be complicat by the specific possibilities of context and intonation, as in language and speech there may be an erasure of the basic meaning of the subjective-evaluation token and its transition from one group of words of subjective evaluation to another. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the multi-vector exploration: an attempt to generalize the idea of diminutives as a word-forming category, including typical suffixes with which they are formed, their word-forming meanings and productivity, types of creative bases, and to trace the stylistic role of diminutives on Ukrainian folk songs. The relevance of the proposed exploration determined by the insufficient development of the topic of diminutive derivation in song folklore, the importance and role of diminutives in Ukrainian folk songs. The connection of the researched topic with the general problems of Ukrainian stylistic word formation also seems to be theoretically important and relevant. The aim of the research is to reveal the lexical-semantic and word-forming features of diminutives, as well as their stylistic load in the texts of Ukrainian folk songs. To achieve this goal it is necessary to perform the following research tasks: to outline the theoretical foundations of the study of diminutives as a type of derived words in modern linguistic literature; to characterize the specifics of Ukrainian diminutives; to carry out semantic classification of the considered diminutives; analyze the grammatical and structural properties of diminutives; to determine the stylistic role of diminutives in Ukrainian folk songs. Research methods: the main thing in the work is the descriptive method, with its universal methods of observation, systematization and interpretation of linguistic facts and phenomena. The presentation of the researched material is subject to clear logicization: substantiation of theoretical bases, presentative-analytical presentation of the fact, formulation of the concluding part.

The subject of the study is the relationship between the methodology of teaching the Ukrainian language as a foreign language and phraseological material, which activates the various levels involved in mastering the linguistic base, namely motivation, memory, cognition and others. The article deals with the problem of bilingualism in Ukraine, considers the problems of teaching foreign students the Ukrainian language in terms of partial bilingual everyday communication, suggests ways to solve these problems. The classification of modern strategies used in language learning is considered. We also considered the advantages of the communicative-cognitive approach to learning the Ukrainian language. The research methodology consists of theoretical and practical principles of observation, recording and evaluation of activities in the system of teacher – students, taking into account the different conditions of linguistic and non-linguistic reality. The purpose of the study is to clarify the peculiarities of the use of phraseological units in the framework of work with foreign students, taking into account the bilingual situation in some parts of Ukraine. The article deals too with linguistic and methodological aspects of the study of phraseological units concerning with the work at the lessons of Russian as a foreign language. Phraseological units possess aesthetic value, so it is often included to the training material. The interpretation of them occurs on pretextual work level. The actual material of the article has about 50 different levels of language units, the selection of idioms was carried out in the presence of words with temporal meaning. An idiom is a linear sequence, representing the aesthetic value thanks to the meaning hidden in it. Words, in idiomatic expressions, creating a special sense, come in a variety of relationships – synonymic, antonymic, of kind and type ones etc. Inside the words can occur shifts of meanings such as metaphorical, metonymic. The syntax structure of idioms can be different from a phrase to sentences with different punctuation. Learning understanding and practical usage of Russian phraseological units lead to the development of students not only objective semantic and associative evaluation of the various acts or objects, but also to the ability to implement the same idea through units of different levels of language and speech formulas, which are composed of elements with imagery. The conclusion of the study. We have considered the classification of modern strategies used in the study of Ukrainian as a foreign language. The advantages of communicative-cognitive approach to learning the Ukrainian language are described. Practice shows that motivation and mnemonic techniques are important in learning. The phraseological layer of vocabulary is a very important culturological factor in the process of learning a foreign language. We can see further prospects of our research in a detailed consideration of all the tools of communicative-cognitive approach to the study of language as a foreign language.