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Journal articles on the topic 'Semantics of Arabic'
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1
Fatani, Afnan H. "The Lexical Transfer of Arabic Non-core Lexicon: Sura 113 of the Qur'an – al-Falaq (The Splitting)1." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 4, no. 2 (October 2002): 61–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2002.4.2.61.
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This paper is an attempt to stimulate a more scientific and linguistic approach to Qur'an-translation than has hitherto been undertaken. Various theories of meaning widely employed in semantics are mobilised to illustrate the referential versatility of Arabic non-core lexemes and to highlight the semantic errors of transfer that this versatility generates. Recent advances in the field of descriptive semantics have greatly enhanced our interlingual ability to translate texts, especially the more difficult texts that rely heavily on ‘non-core lexicon’, the formal, learned and less familiar lexemes of a language-system. However, it is clear from a reading of recent research in Arabic linguistics that serious problems still remain for researchers interested in transferring the non-core lexicon of Arabic into English, basically because of the wide range of referential meanings that Arabic non-core lexemes can exhibit. My approach is based on the premise that the referential versatility of Arabic non-core lexicon can be better appreciated when the hidden errors of lexical transfer inscribed in existing target language (TL) texts are exposed and clearly explicated. In order to expose the semantic gaps between source language (SL) and TL lexicon, this study adopts a multi-level or glossed procedure of translation that would more faithfully reproduce the morpho-semantic structure of the SL text.
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Johnstone, Barbara, and David Justice. "The Semantics of Form in Arabic." Language 64, no. 4 (December 1988): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/414589.
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Carter, Michael G., and Ariel A. Bloch. "Studies in Arabic Syntax and Semantics." Journal of the American Oriental Society 107, no. 4 (October 1987): 812. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/603347.
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Ojeda, Almerindo E. "The Semantics of Number in Arabic." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 2 (June 1, 1992): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v2i0.3040.
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Mushodiq, Muhamad Agus, Muhammad Syaifullah, Dian Risky Amalia, Nailul Izzah, and Bety Dwi Pratiwi. "Verbal Arabic Mistakes of Ustadz in Conveying the Materials of Islamic Preaching/Kesalahan Ustaz dalam Bahasa Arab Verbal pada Penyampaian Materi Dakwah Islam." Arabiyatuna : Jurnal Bahasa Arab 5, no. 1 (May 7, 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/jba.v5i1.1978.
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This paper aims to reveal the mistakes of micro Arabic in the aspects of Ilm Saut (phonology), Sharaf (morphology), Nahw (Syntax), and 'Ilm Dalalah (Semantics) in preaching materials conveyed by ustadz and ustadzah included in the groups of "Ustadz Sunnah" and "Islam itu Indah". Arabic mistakes are often made by ustadz and ustadzah who often appear on social media. In general, an ustadz must have good Arabic language skills. The vast emergence of ustadz and ustadzah on social media is allegedly not accompanied by their qualified mastery of the primary language used in Islamic teaching sources and primary books, namely Arabic. Hence, the researchers used micro linguistic theories comprising the studies of phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics therein. This study applied a descriptive-qualitative method. Researchers not only described the Arabic mistakes made by those of "Ustadz Sunnah” and "Islam itu Indah" but also provided corrections to such mistakes. In analyzing the data, the researchers used a separate analysis method. The findings demonstrated that those of "Ustaz Sunnah" and "Islam itu Indah” made mistakes in verbal Arabic at phonemic, morphemic, syntactic, and semantic levels.
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Salhi, Hammouda. "Investigating the Complementary Polysemy and the Arabic Translations of the Noun Destruction in EAPCOUNT." Terminologie et linguistique 58, no. 1 (March 12, 2014): 227–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1023818ar.
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This article investigates a topic at the intersection of translation studies, lexical semantics and corpus linguistics. Its general aim is to show how translation studies can benefit from both lexical semantics and corpus linguistics. The specific objective is to capture the semantic and pragmatic behavior of the noun destruction and its different translations into Arabic. The data are obtained from an English-Arabic parallel corpus made from UN texts and their translations (EAPCOUNT). The analysis of the data shows the polysemy of the word destruction as a number of semantic and pragmatic alternations can be captured. These findings are discussed in the frame of the Generative Lexicon (GL) theory developed by James Pustejovsky. The paper concludes with some concrete suggestions on how to enhance the relationship between linguists and translators and their mutual cooperation.
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Ismael, Dr Sangar Ali Mama. "The Semantics of Primary Colours in Arabic Lexicons." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 225, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 115–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v225i1.114.
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This study investigates colours, their names, and their development in Arabic dictionaries. The first section introduces the criteria of the primary and secondary colours and the issue of colours in Arabic language. The second section, ‘The Semantics of Primary Colours in Arabic Lexicons,’ is a practical section of the study where aspect of semantics of the primary colours in old and contemporary Arabic lexicons is presented. Finally, the study ends with references used in the current research.
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Al-Tamimi, Jinan. "The Semantic Structure of Color Terms in Arabic: A Cognitive Approach." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 1025–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1109.07.
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The acquisition of the ability of perceiving and naming colors through language is an important topic in which languages vary and differ. The construction of color concepts and naming them are directly influenced by the culture and environment of each society. This can be noted by observing two aspects: Cognitive Semantics and its effect on the collective mind. This study focuses on the cognitive foundations of color terms in Arabic, and the semantic relation between the color concepts and terms in selected examples from both old and new usage of these color terms in Arabic. The study aims to cover the most dominant semantic components for color terms in the Arabic language, using the cognitive linguistic approach and the descriptive analytics method to determine the structure of cognitive perception of color terms in a language. Furthermore, the study stands on two pillars; the first reveals the way the conceptualization pattern of color terms occurs in Arab mindset displayed through selected examples of theoretical data on cognitive semantics, whereas the second addresses the semantic principle of color classification in Arabic. Finally, the conclusion, confirming the results about the notion that color naming in Arabic is based on the visual images associated with the colors in Arab environment, related to night and day. Hence, the color term becomes connected in the Arab mindset with the visual image, and under each color are colors similar to it in hue.
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Al-Asbahi, Khaled Mohammed Moqbel. "Insights into the Semantics of Reduplication in English and Arabic." International Journal of English Linguistics 10, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v10n1p384.
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The paper aims to describe and compare the semantics of reduplication in English and Arabic. The paper shows more semantic similarities in reduplication than differences between both languages; although, Arabic reduplication is noted to be semantically more productive than English reduplication. Both languages divide reduplication into full/partial, free/bound, and continuous/discontinuous. Moreover, both languages share the senses of reduplication like; repetition, emphasis, intensity, onomatopoeia, contempt, affection, plurality, non-uniformity, and instability, nonsense, spread out, scatter, movement, contrast, continuity, completion, and lack of control. The semantic connection was developed between most of these concepts, which showed that ambiguity was common between both languages. Both the languages used reduplication in the nursery rhymes, lyrics, games, prayers, second language teaching, children’s phonics cartoons, advertisements, tongue twisters, slogans, newspaper headlines, and political and ideological rhetoric. These similarities support the belief of some linguists stating that different languages in the world share a variety of ‘universal’ semantic features. The study concluded that Arabic reduplication was semantically more productive than English reduplication.
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Ayvazyan, Y. S. "ON VARIOUS ASPECTS OF AUTONOMOUS SECONDARY NAMING PROCESS (IDIOMATIC USAGE) IN THE MODERN ARABIC LANGUAGE." Philology at MGIMO 21, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2020-2-22-5-14.
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The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical basis of autonomous secondary naming processes and scrutinizing the issues, related to this type of naming in the scope of modern Arabic lexicology as a productive means of assigning meanings to concepts.The article reviews approaches of native and Arabic authors to the comprehension of the phenomenon and features of autonomous secondary naming (in modern Arabic linguistics – ‘Al-Majaaz’).The paper deals with morphological nuances of word formation and specific aspects of functioning of lexical units formed as the result of Al-Majaaz. It also touches upon semantics of secondary autonomous units.The article shows the correlation between autonomous secondary nomination units and single-word semantic borrowings (loans). Morphological characteristics of single-unit loan words and the reasons of their functioning in Modern Literary Arabic are also subject to study.The paper considers the prospects of autonomous secondary units functioning in the context of their interconnection with polysemy, homonymy and synonymy.This paper will be of interest for students, who study Arabic and lexicology, semantics and morphology issues, as well as for translators interested in word formation processes.
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Reynvoet, Bert, Marc Brysbaert, and Wim Fias. "Semantic priming in number naming." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 55, no. 4 (October 2002): 1127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724980244000116.
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The issue of semantic and non-semantic conversion routes for numerals is still debated in numerical cognition. We report two number-naming experiments in which the target numerals were preceded by another numeral (prime). The primes and targets could be presented either in arabic (digit) notation or in verbal (alphabetical) notation. The results reveal a semantically related distance effect: Latencies are fastest when the prime has the same value as the target and increase when the distance between prime and target increases. We argue that the present results are congruent with the idea that the numerals make access to an ordered semantic number line common to all notations, as the results are the same for within-notation priming (arabic-arabic or verbal- verbal) and between-notations priming (arabic-verbal or verbal-arabic). The present results also point to a rapid involvement of semantics in the naming of numerals, also when the numerals are words. As such, they are in line with recent claims of rapid semantic mediation in word naming.
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Al Jumaily, Samir. "Syntax-Semantics Interface: Arabic is a Case." Bulletin of Advanced English Studies 1, no. 1 (2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31559/baes2018.1.1.1.
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Bousmaha, Kheira Z., Nour H. Chergui, Mahfoud Sid Ali Mbarek, and Lamia Belguith Hadrich. "AQG: Arabic Question Generator." Revue d'Intelligence Artificielle 34, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 721–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ria.340606.
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The Arabic natural language process (ANLP) community does not have an automatic generator of questions for texts in the Arabic language. Our objective is to provide it one. This paper presents a novel automatic question generation approach that generates questions as a form of support for children learning through the platform QUIZZITO. Our approach combines the semantic role labelling of PropBank (SRL) and the flexibility of question models. It essentially relates to an approach of instantiation model of representation based on an analysis focused on the semantics. This allowed us to capture the maximum sense of sentence given the flexibility of the grammar of the Arabic language. This model was written in a set of Patterns and Templates based on the REGEX languages. Our goal is to enrich Quizzito's online quiz platform, which contains more than 254.5k quizzes, and to provide it with a generator of Arabic language questions for children's texts. Our Arabic Question Generator system (AQG) is functional and reaches up to 86% f-measure.
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Siwiec, Paweł. "Wyzwania wersyfikacyjne w przekładach poezji arabskiej na polski i polskiej na arabski." Między Oryginałem a Przekładem 25, no. 44 (June 15, 2019): 159–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/moap.25.2019.44.08.
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Versification Challenges in Arabic-to-Polish and Polish-to-Arabic Translations of Poetry
As it is widely known, a poem is not just semantics, metaphors, similes and sophisticated vocabulary. It is also a particular prosodic structure through which it is possible at all to determine whether one deals with verse or prose. Besides, the form of a given poem, and especially the way the poem is divided into verses, always remains in some relationship with its semantic content. Therefore, it seems obvious that the formal structure of a poem should not be ignored.The paper analyses to what extent translations of Arabic poetry into Polish as well as Polish poetry into Arabic include the prosodic structure of the original works.
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Jaeni, Muhamad. "ILM AL DALALAH WA DAURUHU FI FAHM AL NUSHUSH AL ARABIYYAH." ALSINATUNA 1, no. 2 (March 7, 2017): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.28918/alsinatuna.v1i2.796.
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One of the most difficult things in learning Arabic language is understanding the structure of the text. It may caused by the complication of its structure and also the complex meaning of each word. Consequently, knowing the meaning of a word is very important in understanding an Arabic language text. Therefore, there is a branch of Arabic language which specifically discusses about meaning, called semantics. One of the discussions is about the field of meaning such as synonym, antonym, polysemy, etc. They have important role in understanding sentence structure of a text. Therefore, learning semantics is an obligation for those who want to be able to understand Arabic language text well.
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السلميِّ, ياسر بن عبد العزيز بن عوض. "تَوَقُّفُ فَهْمِ نصوص الوحي على معرفة العربيَّة أمثلة تطبيقية على المستويات الأربع: (الصوت والبنية والتركيب والدلالة)." Al-Ma'rifah 15, no. 02 (October 20, 2018): 95–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/almakrifah.15.02.05.
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This article reports the significance of Arabic phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics in understanding the texts of The Holy Quran and the Prophet Mohammed’s says (peace be up him). It presents a variety of phonological, morphological, syntactical and semantic examples to illustrate their significance to correctly understand the meaning of the holy texts. It was concluded that it is very vital to put all these four linguistic levels in the consideration to understand the correct interpretation of the texts especially when it comes to teaching Arabic to non-native speakers
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Ali Otay, Areej. "The Prosody-Semantics Interface in Quranic Arabic Pros." Route Educational and Social Science Journal 5, no. 21 (January 1, 2018): 1024–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17121/ressjournal.993.
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Mohammed, Turki Mahyoub Qaid, and Imran Ho-Abdullah. "Universality and Language Specificity: Evidence from Arab and English Proverbs." International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies 9, no. 1 (June 13, 2021): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijclts.v.9n.1p.24.
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All languages have proverbs that reflect their community’s attitudes, thoughts, values, and beliefs. Similarities between proverbs of different languages can be accounted for in cognitive semantics as motivated by shared human experience and universal schemas. At the same time, differences in the proverbs can be linked to the general idea of cultural diversity and hence language specificity in proverbs. This paper investigates twelve Arabic proverbs from a cognitive semantics viewpoint to determine their underlying schemas. The main aim is to arrive at a better understanding of the universal and language-specific nature of the Arabic proverbs. The methodology employed in the analysis is to explicate and determine, utilizing a cognitive semantics framework, whether the twelve Arabic proverbs have literal equivalence in English with shared schemas. In this regard, the Arabic proverbs and their English counterparts that have shared schemas are evidence for universality. While Arabic proverbs that have no literal equivalence in English and hence no shared schemas are good candidates in support of language specificity. Some of the proverbs might have shared schema but still, exhibit some variations that could be a manifestation of diversity of values and cultural background. Based on the analysis presented in this study, the Arabic proverbs examined fall into three categories: (i) proverbs that demonstrate universal construals; (ii) proverbs that demonstrate universal construal with variations; and (iii) proverbs that demonstrate language-specific construals.
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Mohamed Ahmed, Neama Abdelaty. "Esistono verbi sintagmatici in arabo standard?" Quaderni di Studi Arabi 15, no. 1-2 (December 22, 2020): 163–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2667016x-15010207.
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Abstract This study aims to show that verb-particle constructions exist in standard Arabic. The first part deals with verb-particle constructions in Italian, that are verbal constructions formed by a verbal base and a locative particle (e.g. venire giù’, lit. “come down”, “to come down, to descend”; “portare via” lit. “take away”, “to take away”; “mettere sotto” lit. “put under”, “to put (something) under, to run over”). In the second part, we have analyzed the semantic properties of Arabic post-verbal particles. We conducted the study in the newspaper al-Ahrām between 2006 and 2012. We collected fortyseven verb-particle constructions in which the incidence of the particle on the lexical semantics of the verb was found to confirm the existence of verb-particle constructions in standard Arabic.
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Gabsi, Zouhir. "Writing in Arabic as a Foreign Language (AFL): Towards Finding a Balance between Translation Dependency and Creative Writing." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 11, no. 4 (July 1, 2020): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1104.02.
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The main objective of the paper is to assess the effect of Google translation and other software applications on the students’ writing in Arabic as a Foreign Language (AFL). Its central hypothesis hinges on the possibility that some students’ errors are attributable to translation mishaps. The research is based on three main areas of enquiry: first; it seeks to establish patterned input when writing in Arabic, such as a semantic transfer from English to Arabic and literal translation. Second, the paper discusses those areas of the Arabic language that challenge the students’ inability to provide a correct TL (Target Language) output on the levels of morpho-syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. Third, the paper argues for the importance of teaching the rudiments of translation at the early stages of language learning. Hence, it proposes solutions and empirical strategies to reducing the students’ reliance on translation by, for instance, educating them about the translation process, and by designing guided writing tasks with rehearsed structures, and without discouraging creativity.
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D’Anna, Luca. "The Influence of Verbal Semantics on Agreement Patterns in Arabic: the Role of Agenthood." Annali Sezione Orientale 80, no. 1-2 (June 19, 2020): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24685631-12340092.
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Abstract The present paper, based on a complete analysis of the Quranic text, investigates the influence of verbal semantics on agreement choices in Quranic Arabic. Building on the principle according to which, when a language shifts from a prevalently formal agreement system to a partially semantic one, conditions gain more importance (Fleischer, Rieken, Widmer 2015: 21), it focuses on the role of agenthood (or agency) in triggering syntactic agreement. The analysis of the data reveals that the occurrence of an action verb and of an agent subject favors syntactic agreement in the feminine plural, although not systematically. Passive verbs, copulas and state verbs, in which the subject is either a patient or an experiencer, on the other hand, strongly favor semantic agreement in the feminine singular. From this perspective, moreover, Quranic Arabic seems to represent a more innovative stage of the language when compared to pre-Islamic poetry, described in D’Anna (forth.).
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Hassan, Bahaa-eddin A. "Frame Semantics in the Arabic Translation of Philosophical Terminology." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (January 26, 2017): 388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2017.v8n1p388.
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Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine how philosophical terms are translated into Arabic. It aims at discussing the problems arising from the epistemological difference between Western philosophical terms and their counterparts in Arabic in the degree of reliance on cognitive frames. It focuses on the structure of terminological knowledge bases, which have a hidden network of semantic relations. Examples of the study are taken from the specialized encyclopedia of Abdel Rahman Badawi (1996). The study utilizes Frame-Based Terminology Theory to analyze the translation of the philosophical terms in the encyclopedia. The study argues that difficulties in translating philosophical terms represent epistemological barriers.
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Trnka-Uzunović, Amira. "Permutative (al-badal) and Apposition (ʻaṭf al-bayān) in the Arabic Language - Similarities and Differences." Anali Gazi Husrev-Begove biblioteke 27, no. 41 (February 18, 2021): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51719/25663267.2020.27.41.19.
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This paper examines two secondary elements of a clause in the Arabic language, namely the permutative and the apposition. The permutative is a noun complement that follows the noun as the appositive and tries to additionally explain it or even take its place, which justifes the semantics of the term badal (permutation). Furthermore, the rules say that a non-derived noun can act as the permutative, and owing to the different semantics it creates, four different types of the permutative are defined and they all keep case agreement with the antecedent in all forms. The apposition in the Arabic language is characterised by the function of additional explanation of the antecedent with which it shares the same case inflexion, which brings it closer to the permutative, but what separates them is the fact that the permutative is independent in its semantic content and it can replace the antecedent, while the clause stays syntactically correct. Without an ambition to make a serious comparison and with the sole aim of a better understanding of the apposition in the Arabic language, by comparing terminological solution in two separate language systems, we will try to justify the attitude that an equal sign between the terms apposition in the Arabic language and the apposition in the Bosnian language cannot be put to the fullest extent. The apposition in the Bosnian language additionally explains the antecedent, following its inflexion, but it is a more general term than the latter, as opposed to the apposition in the Arabic language. Formally, they differ by the place they take within a syntagm in relation to the antecedent.
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Khalaf, Eman Al. "NPI licensing in Jordanian Arabic: An argument for downward entailment and syntax-semantics interface." Topics in Linguistics 18, no. 2 (December 20, 2017): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/topling-2017-0008.
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AbstractRecent work shows that downward entailment (DE) cannot be the right semantic domain that licenses negative polarity items (NPIs). Zwarts (1995), Giannakidou (1998), among others, argue that NPIs are licensed in non-veridical domains, those that do not entail or presuppose the truth of the propositions they embed. In this paper, based on empirical facts, I argue that DE theory is the right analysis for Jordanian Arabic. I propose an analysis of NPI licensing in which three components of grammar interface: syntax, semantics and pragmatics. Semantics defines the class of NPI licensors, pragmatics forces quantificational closure of NPIs, and syntax executes the licensing via AGREE between a phasal head and the NPI. The analysis contributes to the debate on what components of grammar are responsible for NPI licensing and provides a new perspective on the interface between different components of grammar.
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Al-Dobaian, Abdullah S. "Arabic synthetic compounds." Language and Linguistics / 語言暨語言學 19, no. 1 (January 5, 2018): 32–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lali.00002.ald.
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Abstract This paper discusses some data of Arabic synthetic compounds in which regular plural inflection is included inside compounds. These data pose problems to Kiparsky’s (1982) level-ordering lexical morphology model and Li’s (1990) generalization on verb incorporation. I argue that such compounds are lexically formed based on some pieces of evidence. To support the analysis, I compare the compounds and the construct state constructions in Arabic and Hebrew. Then I show that the lexical analysis explains the morphological, syntactic properties, and the semantics of Arabic synthetic compounds. More specifically, I explain how the lexical analysis applies to theta-role assignment inside the compound and then discuss the number specification of the non-head in the compound of Arabic and English.
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Saipuddin and Abdurrahman Hilabi. "دراسة تقابولية بين اللغة العربية واللغة الإندونيسية على مستوى النعت والاستفادة منها في تعليم اللغة العربية للمبتدئين الإندونيسيين." Rayah Al-Islam 2, no. 01 (April 28, 2018): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37274/rais.v2i01.32.
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This study is aimed to know the adjectives between the Arabic language and Indonesian language in order to determine the similarities and differences among them in terms of morphology, syntax, and semantics, and then to predict the difficulties that will be faced by Indonesian students during the teaching activities, and then to propose a method of teaching based on the result of the contrastive study to teach Arabic language at the level of adjectives for beginner Students of Indonesian. This study uses the methodology of descriptive analysis to identify the characteristics of adjectives in Arabic and Indonesian, and then using the method of comparative analysis to compare Arabic and Indonesian language at the level of adjectives in order to obtain the similarities and differences between these both languages. The results of this research are: the first is there are similarities and differences of adjectives in Arabic and Indonesian in terms of morphology, syntax, and semantics, and the second is by this research can be used in preparing lessons and methods for teaching the Arabic language at the level of adjectives for the beginner students of Indonesian.
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Suparno, Darsita, Ulil Abshar, M. Wildan, and Tri Pujiati. "Sound Correspondences of Modern Standard Arabic Moroccan Arabic and Najdi Arabic." Sunan Kalijaga: International Journal of Islamic Civilization 3, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/skijic.v3i2.1905.
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This paper studies the process of sound correspondences that occur in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), Moroccan Arabic (MAR), and Najdi Arabic (NAR). It attempts to find answers for the following questions: a) What are the identical word pairs, words couples that have a phonemic correspondence, a phonetic similarity, and a pair of words that contains difference of one phoneme, b) What are the process of morphophonemic in the form of assimilation, metathesis, and epenthesis. It is addressed to portray the process of morphophonemic assimilation, metathesis and epenthesis in three Arabic languages using Crowley’s theory. This study used 207 of Morris Swadesh's basic vocabulary as the key standard procedure for collecting data. The criteria adopted to analyze the data were orthographic, sound-change, phonological, and morpheme contrast. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The source of the data was basic-word vocabulary. The data were gathered from three dictionaries as sources to get information. The data were analyzed by using structural linguistics, especially phonology, morphology, and semantics. This investigation informed several aspects of findings such as identifying prefixes, suffixes, assimilation, metathesis, and epenthesis. Using the Swadesh vocabulary list, the results of this study found 207 vocabularies for each language. By analyzing parts of speech, it was found that these vocabularies can be classified into five-word classes, namely, nouns, pronouns, verb, adjectives, adverbs, and determiners.
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Джарбо Сaмер Омар. "The Semantics-Pragmatics Interface: The Case of the Singular Feminine Demonstrative in Jordanian Arabic." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 4, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2017.4.1.jar.
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The aim in this study is to investigate the interface between semantics and pragmatics in relation to the use of the indexical demonstrative ‘haay’ ‘this-S.F.’ in Jordanian Arabic (JA). It is argued here that an analysis of meaning in relation to context-sensitivity inherent in the use of ‘haay’ can give evidence to the view that semantic and pragmatic processes can be distinguished from each other. I have found that the meaning of ‘haay’ consists of three distinct levels: linguistic, semantic, and pragmatic meaning. The denotational and conventional senses of ‘haay’ comprise its linguistic meaning, its semantic meaning is generated when any of the variables in the linguistic meaning is selected in relation to 'narrow context', the pragmatic meaning depends on relating the semantic meaning to an entity in the physical context of interaction. The results of this study support the view that the boundary between semantics and pragmatics can be distinctively demarcated.
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Borg, Alexander. "From Etymology to Diachrony. The Semantics of ḫwj ‘to protect’ in Old Egyptian and Bedouin Arabic." Lingua Aegyptia - Journal of Egyptian Language Studies 27 (2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37011/lingaeg.27.01.
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This word study sets out to exemplify the aims and methods of a comparative linguistic approach to the prehistory of the Arabic language conducted against an Afroasiatic backdrop. Drawing on the lexical corpus of the modern Arabic vernaculars, it explores phonological and semantic correlations linking Old Egyptian ḫwj ‘to protect’ attested in the Pyramid texts from the 3rd millennium BC to its proposed Arabic cognates in modern Bedouin vernaculars. The database and commentary adduced in this essay proffer further support for the scenario presented in Borg (2019) arguing for symbiotic interaction between Ancient Egyptian and the Old Arabic phenotype that yielded the modern dialects of this Semitic world language.
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Najib, Aan, and Ahmad Abdul Malik. "Semantic Change of Arabic Nouns in the al-Qur’ān: Form, Process and Social Impact l Tagyīr al-Ma’nā min Kalimah Ism al-Lugah al-’Arābiyyah fī al-Qur’ān: al-Syakl wa al-‘Amaliyyah wa al-Âŝar al-Ijtimā’iyyah." Jurnal Al Bayan: Jurnal Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab 12, no. 2 (September 2, 2020): 301–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/albayan.v12i2.6371.
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This study discusses the semantic change of Arabic nouns in the Al-Qur'an: the form, process, and social impact. The theory used in this research is socio-semantic, which is a combination of sociology and semantics. When the absorption form is analyzed, a comparison of the original form with the absorption form is used. In this research, some Arabic nouns in Al-Qur'an that have semantic change are found, such as isim ma'rifah, nākirah, mudzakkar, muannats, masdār, mufrād, mutsanna ,jama’ etc. Semantic change occurs due to the linguistic factors surrounding them, including phonetic, syntactic and morphological; or non-linguist factors including the history of language, aspects of social culture, aspects of science and technology, aspects of foreign languages, aspects of differences in the usage, and aspects of psychological. The change of its meaning has a positive impact on people's mindsets and understanding of the study of Al-Qur'an in a comprehensive and integrated way. Then, every word is not only understood by its literal meaning, but also its multi-meaning.
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Al-Janabi, Adel, Ehsan Ali Kareem, and Radhwan Hussein Abdulzhraa Al Sagheer. "Encapsulation of semantic description with syntactic components for the Arabic language." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 22, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i2.pp961-967.
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<span>The work presents new theoretical equipment for the representation of natural languages (NL) in computers. Linguistics: morphology, semantics, and syntax are also presented as components of subtle computer science that form. A structure and an integrated data system. The presented useful theory of language is a new method to learn the language by separating the fields of semantics and syntax.</span>
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Dawood, Mohamed. "ATSAR AL-QUR’AN AL-KARIM FI AL-LUGHAH AL-‘ARABIYYAH FI DAU ‘ILM AL-LUGHAH AL-HADIS." Indonesian Journal of Islamic Literature and Muslim Society 4, no. 1 (November 27, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/islimus.v4i1.1541.
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This article discussed the influence of the Quran on Arabic in the perspective of modern linguistics. With a linguistic approach, this article finds seven aspects of language that occur in the impact of the Quran on Arabic, namely: preservation of Arabic, the stability of Arabic, the unification of Arabic dialects, enrichment and development of Arabic, refinement of Arabic and the spread of Arabic. These seven linguistics aspects certainly make Arabic the only language in the world whose linguistic rules do not change, both in terms of phonology, morphology, syntax or semantics, which does not occur in any word in the world. In this world, there have been many languages that have died because of the death of their owners, or languages that are weak because of the weakness of their owners. This condition is different from Arabic, which is the language of the Quran. The language relations between Arabic and the Qur'an have made this language sustainable until then.
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Naili, Marwa, Anja Habacha Chaibi, and Henda Hajjami Ben Ghezala. "The Contribution of Stemming and Semantics in Arabic Topic Segmentation." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 17, no. 2 (February 5, 2018): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3152464.
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Burnett, Charles. "The Semantics of Indian Numerals in Arabic, Greek and Latin." Journal of Indian Philosophy 34, no. 1-2 (April 2006): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10781-005-8153-z.
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Romanda, Fharis. "Makna Fonemik dalam Semantik Arab: Ontologi, Epistemologi, Aksiologi." Al-Ma‘rifah 18, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/almakrifah.18.01.06.
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This study aims to provide an understanding of the phonemic meaning (dalālah ṣawṭīyah) in Arabic semantics. To provide an understanding related to dalālah ṣawṭīyah, this study carries out its research based on a philosophical framework of thought consisting of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. It can be concluded that the discussion of this research broadly discusses the ontology or nature of ṣawṭīyah, its epistemology or method, and the axiology or function of the branch of the discussion of semantics. This research is based on a literature review. In analyzing data obtained from the literature review, this study used qualitative methods. This research has revealed the nature of sound, how sound works, and the function of each sound method in the Arabic interpretation process. This research concludes that the sound in the dalālah ṣawṭīyah has an important role in determining meaning in all language structures starting from Arabic words, phrases, and sentences. The method of sound work in giving meaning to Arabic can be in the form of differences in phoneme sounds, sound stress (al-nabr) in syllables or words, as well as intonation (al-tanghīm) that occurs in a phrase or sentence.
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Farghal, Mohammed, and Mohammed O. Al-Shorafat. "The Translation of English Passives into Arabic." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 8, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 97–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.8.1.06far.
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Abstract The study aims to check the intuitions reported in studies on the translation of English passives into Arabic against empirical data that consist of translations of English passive utterances as they naturally occur in an English text. It inquires into the linguistic strategies and resources that translators from English into Arabic fall back on when encountering passive utterances. It is shown that translators employ many strategies with this order of frequency: nominalization, adjectivalization, passivization, activization and pseudo-activization. It is also shown that the claim that Arabic does not tolerate agentive passives is inadequate, since Arabic translators use a variety offormal markers in translating English agentive passives. Thus, the study demonstrates that English passivization is predominantly structure-based, whereas Arabic passivization is predominantly semantics-based.
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El Qorny, Ashief. "PRODUKTIVITAS FI’L DALAM PERUBAHAN DAN PEMAKNAAN (Analisis Morfosemantik Terhadap Kamus Arab-Indonesia Karya Prof. DR. H. Mahmud Yunus)." Lisanan Arabiya: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab 1, no. 02 (September 10, 2018): 83–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.32699/liar.v1i02.202.
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Arabic is one of the main languages in the world and rich with cultural heritage. Arabic has a strong influence in literature and even in media. According to Ulama or Scholars, Arabic language is the most proper language which can explains a wider meaning with lafaz{ or simple word. The formation of a word can refer to several meanings. The Arabic vocabulary covers all fields. In its development, the Arabic language has borrowed many vocabularies from other languages, however, Arabic has also contributed a great deal to Eastern and Western languages. This can be found on the words which are in the Arabic dictionary. Theory of language that became the foundation of this research can help the writer in choosing the right concept to analyze the object of this research. Moreover, in this research, the writer will use a morph semantics concept which combines morphological and semantic concept. Morph semantic can be interpreted as a branch of linguistics that identifies grammatical units and their meanings. This research uses descriptive-analytical method, a research method that try to describe and interpret object with what it is. The study uses a qualitative approach, namely analytical procedures that produce descriptive data in the form of words written or spoken of the person or behavior that can be observed. The resultof this study indicates that; (1) Fi'l ma>d}i> in the dictionary does not undergo all changes according to the existing rhymes, only a few can experience the form of the fi'l ma>d{i> to mazi>d. (2) Productivity meaning fi'l mazi>d in Arabic-Indonesian dictionary on wazan فعّل is التعدية, on wazan فاعلisقد يكون بمعنى فَعَلَ المجرد, on wazan أفعل is التعدية, on wazan تفعّل is للتكليف and الصيرورة, on wazan تفاعل is للمشاركة, on wazan انفعل isلمطاوعة فَعَلَ , on wazan افتعلis لمطاوعة فَعَلَ, on wazan افعلّ is الدلالة على الدخول في الصفة, on wazan استفعل is للطلب , on wazan افعوعل is قد يكون بمعنى المجرد.
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Khalaily, Samir. "Syntax of the Palestinian Arabic negation-associated exclusive construction." Linguistics in the Netherlands 37 (October 27, 2020): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/avt.00040.kha.
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Abstract This paper presents an analysis of a Palestinian Arabic negation-associated exclusive construction featuring the contrastive focus marker illa ‘but’, with theoretical implications for the syntax of negation, negative polarity item licensing, and the categorical status of the root in sentential syntax. It analyzes illa-phrases as constituents licensed by a c-commanding sentential negation (Neg), and illa as a grammatical device encoding contrastiveness. A crucial source for the exclusive semantics of the construction comes from a silent bass ‘only’ immediately following illa that constitutes a syntactic ‘shield’ against Neg scope. Rather than taking an in-situ focus-interpretation approach (cf. Rooth 1985, 1992), we argue for two covert movements at the syntax-semantics interface: quantifier raising of illa-phrases to the designated specifier of polarity Phrase followed by Polarity-to-Focus-raising of Neg. This creates the right syntactic configuration for the truth conditional import of both operators and captures the ‘classical’ thought that focus-sensitive exclusive operators like only quantify over propositional alternatives.
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El-Zawawy, Amr M. "A syntactico-semantic approach to the translation of conditionals in two English versions of Sahih Muslim." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 62, no. 3 (November 21, 2016): 423–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.62.3.04zaw.
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Conditionals in English can traditionally be viewed according to two different perspectives. One is a simplistic approach based on certain ‘cases’; the other is centered on the truth value of the protasis and apodosis. This argument is based on the semantics of the conditional structures, regardless of the syntax involved. In a similar vein, the complexity of conditionals in Arabic stems from the fact that the syntax of the conditional structure does not necessarily point to the semantics involved. This affinity between the two language systems in terms of conditionality is examined within the context of two English translations of the Arabic religious text Sahih Muslim. The present study adopts an approach that focuses on both syntax and semantics to underline the interplay and/or dissociation of the two in practice. The study reveals that Siddiqui’s versions of translating ‘law’ (and its variant ‘law-la’) and ‘inn’ structures into English are mostly inaccurate, where the syntax-semantics interplay and/or dissociation is not duly observed in practice. Khattab’s versions, however, point to a tendency to start from the entrenched premise of literalism, which is stimulated by adopting the simplistic approach to English conditional structures, being akin to documentary translation where awkwardness is common practice.
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Aziz, Abd, and Yuan Martina Dinata. "BAHASA ARAB MODERN DAN KONTEMPORER; KONTINUITAS DAN PERUBAHAN." Mumtaz: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur'an dan Keislaman 3, no. 2 (October 21, 2019): 152–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36671/mumtaz.v3i2.38.
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Modern Arabic has a distinction from classical Arabic in terms of lexical, phonological, morphological and syntactic. According to Abbâs al-Sûsah in Muhbib Abdul Wahab, Contemporary Arabic has the following characteristics: 1) accuracy of the use of Arabic at all levels: sound, morphology, syntax, and semantics; 2) more widely used in written language (al-Lughah al maktûbah) than oral language, 3) fluency and diversity-free 'amiyah, 4) standard language that is officially prepared. Based on observations of writers who try to classify modern Arabic vocabulary, the fields of religion, language and literature are the fields with the least development of modern Arabic vocabulary, when compared to economic, political, legal, psychological, health and other vocabularies. This may be due to the fact that from the fields of religion, language and literature there are not many new vocabulary terms, this may be due to religious, linguistic and literary norms.
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KHEMAKHEM, AIDA, BILEL GARGOURI, ABDELMAJID BEN HAMADOU, and GIL FRANCOPOULO. "ISO standard modeling of a large Arabic dictionary." Natural Language Engineering 22, no. 6 (September 7, 2015): 849–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324915000224.
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AbstractIn this paper, we address the problem of the large coverage dictionaries of Arabic language usable both for direct human reading and automatic Natural Language Processing. For these purposes, we propose a normalized and implemented modeling, based on Lexical Markup Framework (LMF-ISO 24613) and Data Registry Category (DCR-ISO 12620), which allows a stable and well-defined interoperability of lexical resources through a unification of the linguistic concepts. Starting from the features of the Arabic language, and due to the fact that a large range of details and refinements need to be described specifically for Arabic, we follow a finely structuring strategy. Besides its richness in morphology, syntax and semantics knowledge, our model includes all the Arabic morphological patterns to generate the inflected forms from a given lemma and highlights the syntactic–semantic relations. In addition, an appropriate codification has been designed for the management of all types of relationships among lexical entries and their related knowledge. According to this model, a dictionary named El Madar1has been built and is now publicly available on line. The data are managed by a user-friendly Web-based lexicographical workstation. This work has not been done in isolation, but is the result of a collaborative effort by an international team mainly within the ISO network during a period of eight years.
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Salim, Muhammed, and Chilukuri Bhuvaneswar. "Meaning and Meaning Making in Arabic: Moving from Semantics to Pragmatics to Ka:rmatics." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i11.10833.
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Ka:rmik Linguistic theory is one of the most revolutionary theories in linguistics which aims to describe language from a causal perspective of WHY giving rise to WHAT through HOW: “As you are, so you think; as you think, so you speak (or act)” (Bhuvaneswar). In an adapted form, it can be modified as: As you are, so you think; as you think, so you mean. In his extension of semantics to ka:rmatics in dealing with proverb-meaning, Bhuvaneswar (2012) has shown a new dimension of meaning and meaning-making, namely, the causal dimension of creation, change, and transformation of meaning in language. According to Bhuvaneswar, if semantics deals with sentence meaning and pragmatics with utterance meaning, ka:rmatics (i.e., experiential pragmatics) explores experiential meaning via dispositional meaning of contextual meaning (pragmatics) of sentential meaning (semantics). What this amounts to is a causal understanding of meaning as it is created, changed, and transformed as languages are evolved and developed: Language is as it is (i.e., lingual meaning is as it is) because of what it is (dispositionally) intended to do (i.e., to mean) what it does (i.e., means).
In this paper, an attempt has been made by selecting two sentences used in real life Yemeni Arabic to show how meaning is derived. In the process, it will be shown how semantics becomes pragmatics and pragmatics becomes ka:rmatics.
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Chamidah, Ida Nur. "TADAKHKHUL AL-LUGHAH AL-INDUNISIYYAH FI KITABATI AL-LUGHAH AL-ARABIYYAH LADAY THALABATI AL-INDUNISIYYA." LiNGUA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra 11, no. 2 (December 29, 2016): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ling.v11i2.3483.
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Language Interference to arabic language learners in Indonesia is a common phenomenon. Although the phenomenon is normal, but it is a problematic. Because each language has rules of each rule. It has been found forms of Indonesian interference into Arabic in the MAN Batu's students. The purpose of this study was to analyze the forms of interference Indonesian into Arabic in the students MAN Batu, uncover the causes of interference Languages Indonesisa into Arabic in the MAN Batu's students, and analyze solutions to the problem of interference Indonesian to Arabic in student writing MAN Batu. This study used a qualitative descriptive study, and the data collection with analysis of documentation and interviews. Source data is written documentation of students and teachers of Arabic. In this study, researcher found other forms of interference Indonesian into Arabic at the level of syntax, morphology and semantics. The causes interference Indonesian into Arabic in the MAN Batu's students that there is a cause intralinguistics and causes interlinguistics. The solution to the problem of interference is tahlil taqobuli and plenty of exercise in the writing.
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Hamdi, Sami. "Number and Gender Assignment to loanwords in Arabic: Implications from Varieties." International Journal of Linguistics 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v9i1.10870.
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Number and gender are two of the core grammatical categories in Arabic. The assignment of number and gender to foreign words is an area of conflict between MSA and other Arabic varieties. This paper investigates the factors that stand behind the seemingly irregularity of number and gender assignment in Arabic. It appears that speakers follow a form standardized by MSA or enforce another form following their dialects and community conventions. This variation in number and gender assignment to loans gives rise to multiple competing forms that may not be recognized by MSA or some other varieties of Arabic. Yet, the findings demonstrate consistency in assigning number and gender to loans by applying native patterns motivated by frequency of use andthe semantics of the referents.
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Mat, Azman Che, and Ahmad Zulfadhli bin Nokman. "Translation of Rhetoric in Arabic Preposition in The Text of Al-Qur’an." Humaniora 7, no. 3 (July 30, 2016): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v7i3.3581.
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Preposition was a word that completes the meaning of the verb and noun in the sentence structure of Arabic. The use of prepositions in Arabic was truly significant in understanding the Arabic text, especially holy texts. The question was why prepositions were used in sentences such, whereas the other joints could also give the same meaning? Article presented an analysis of syntax-semantics of prepositions في Fi and علىcAla in al-Quran al-Karim across science of Arabic rhetoric (Balagha). Data were restricted to partial phrase في الضلال and على الهدى ever discussed by Ibn Athir. There are 29 places in the Quran that mention في الضلال and 6 points for على الهدى. Critical analysis based on the discipline of linguistics is expected to expose the use of prepositions in Arabic from the precision and beauty of the Arabic language itself. Summary of the study suggest that research on elements of the rhetoric says that other reasonable tasks highlighted in subsequent studies.
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Leder, Stefan. "The Semantics of Love: Conflict, Sublimation and Experience in Arabic Discourse." Paragrana 20, no. 2 (December 2011): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/para.2011.0031.
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AbstractA resilient pattern of early Arabic discourse depicts love as a statement of conflict between passion and rules of reasonable and socially approved behaviour. The antagonism is surmounted by sublime love replacing the initial aspiration in the course of a process of refinement. The resulting contradictive stance – emotional attachment becoming even more intense as the beloved is absented by adverse circumstance – inspires intellectual, aesthetic and spiritual experience, as it is valid for profane relationship and for divine love. The work of Dāʾūd al-Anṭākī (d. 1599) is discussed here to demonstrate that Arabic tradition, in contrast to European notions of sensitivity, increasingly concentrated on the expression of aesthetic and spiritual experience to the detriment of depictions of conflict setting the individual against social rules and norms. In his late and widespread compendium, the author, famous physician and practical philosopher, analyses the discourse on love. Displaying a rationalist, non-idealistic, down-to-earth attitude, he pursues a critical interest in the manifestations of love. By correlating profane love to the mystic’s love of God, he directs attention towards the sublime expression of longing, fear and ecstasy of fulfilment which is in his view the true signification of love and the justification for its persisting representation in literature.
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Tayalati, Fayssal, and Lieven Danckaert. "The syntax and semantics of Modern Standard Arabic resumptive tough-constructions." Folia Linguistica 54, no. 1 (April 26, 2020): 197–238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/flin-2020-2031.
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AbstractThis paper is concerned with a hitherto undiscussed type of tough-construction in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Our starting point is the observation that the tough-adjective in this construction invariably displays nominative masculine singular morphology, a pattern of ‘default’ agreement which does not seem to occur elsewhere in the grammar of MSA. At a semantic level, the relevant adjective is argued to form a complex predicate with a deverbal nominalization that acts as its complement: together, these two elements indirectly modify the subject noun phrase. To explain the default agreement pattern, we propose that MSA tough-constructions involve two distinct subjects, viz. a phonologically null expletive subject which controls agreement on the tough-adjective, and a Broad Subject which acts as the semantic subject of the whole construction. We show that there is independent evidence for the existence of both null expletives and Broad Subjects in MSA.
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Izzah, Nailul, M. Agus Mushodiq, and Muhammad Syaifullah. "Semantics of Lexicology in the Study of Arabic Phonemes and Lexemes." Mantiqu Tayr: Journal of Arabic Language 1, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.25217/mantiqutayr.v1i1.1327.
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Linguistics is the name of the field of science, and the adjective is linguistic. Meanwhile in Arabic, the linguistic equivalent is known as Ilmu lughah or al-lisaaniyyat. The study of language is generally directed at four discussions. First, regarding the sounds of language. If the research of language sounds is carried out without looking at the sound function it is known as phonetic, whereas if the study of language sounds by looking at the sound function in language it is known as phonology. Second, the study of the form of the word (sharf). In the sharf, it is studied about changing the words of a language, where this science is known as morphology. Third, discussion of sentence structure (nahwu). The scope of study in Nahwu is the wording of a sentence in a language, this knowledge is known as syntax or grammar. Fourth, discussion about the good meaning of a word, sentence, or the meaning of an expression. This science is called semantics. Linguistics can be divided into two major branches, namely micro linguistics and macro linguistics. The object of micro linguistic study is the internal structure of the language itself, including the structure of phonology, morphology, syntax, and lexicon. While the object of factors outside of language is such as sociological, psychological, anthropological, and ethnolinguistic factors. The author will only discuss phonology (phoneme) and lexicology (lexeme) in an Arabic linguistic study using library research methods.
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Zarytovskaya, Victoria N. "Ta-Marbuta as Grammatical and Semantic Indicator: Harf or Affix?" RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 11, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 707–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2020-11-4-707-715.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the functional significance of such a graphic embodiment of the letter ta as ta-marbuta (ta-linked), which is not available in the Arabic alphabet. Traditionally included in Arabic studies in the phonetics-graphic section as a phenomenon specific to writing and reading rules, as well as a narrow grammar paragraph related to the female category indicator, ta-marbuta, as follows from the semantic comparison of the Arabic words selected by us, which in their own way morphological composition differ only in the presence of this affix, performs a more complex role in the language. The question is raised about the correctness of the name of ta-marbuta by letter (harf) or affix, the characteristics of which are inherent in it. The wide range of uses of ta-marbuta as a feminine affix, uniqueness affinity, substantiation, etc., as well as open and systematized semantic distinguishing shades of words with the same basis with ta-marbuta and without it, allow us to say that this affix has to be established as multifunctional and operates at various levels of the language - from morphology to semantics. Based on an analysis of the vast material, conclusions are drawn about the high productivity of ta-marbuta as an inflectional and word-formation formant, which allows transmitting a number of qualifying values, and not just a female affix. The lists of words that participate in word formation along with this affix are clarified - masdars of certain types of the verb, collective names, relative adjectives, less often high-quality adjectives, etc. All this ultimately speaks of the Arabic as a modern and developed language that can convey the most subtle semantic nuances, as well as having great potential for the formation of new lexical units.
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AKKUŞ, FARUK. "Variable embedded agent in Sason Arabic." Journal of Linguistics 57, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 233–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226720000493.
Full textAbstract:
The paper investigates the syntax and semantics of an indirect causative construction, ‘make’ causatives, in Sason Arabic with a focus on the syntax of the embedded structure and the status of the implicit embedded agent. On the basis of several diagnostics, the study demonstrates that ‘make’ embeds an agentive VoiceP, which also manifests an active-passive alternation despite the absence of any morphological reflex. Regarding the nature of the implicit embedded agent, the paper argues that it is present as a free variable à la Heim (1982) generated on the Voice head itself. In so doing, it adds to the ontology of null arguments as well as suggesting that licensing of a grammatical object is dissociated from the projection of a specifier.