Relevant bibliographies by topics / Semiochemical

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Semiochemical'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Semiochemical"

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Evenden, Maya L., and Peter J. Silk. "The influence of Canadian research on semiochemical-based management of forest insect pests in Canada." Canadian Entomologist 148, S1 (2015): S170—S209. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2015.17.

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AbstractInsects use semiochemicals to mediate important behaviours such as mating, oviposition, and foraging for resources. Chemical ecology research aims to identify these message-bearing chemicals and develop synthetic copies of semiochemicals for use in integrated pest management (IPM). There has been, and continues to be, an extensive research effort to understand the chemical ecology of various insects considered to be pests of forests in Canada. Canadian chemical ecology research has had an impact on IPM of forest insect pests in Canada and around the world. Canadian researchers have been involved in the identification of semiochemicals used by forest insects and the development and implementation of semiochemical-based management tactics for forest pest management. Semiochemicals have been incorporated into forest pest management for a variety of insect taxa primarily as tools to monitor and control forest insect pests in Canada. The goals of the current review are to: (1) highlight research conducted on semiochemical-based management of forest pests in Canada; (2) discuss the current and potential uses of semiochemicals in IPM of forest pests in Canada; and (3) evaluate potential areas for increased research and implementation of semiochemicals into the management of forest pests in Canada.
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Mweresa, Collins K., W. R. Mukabana, J. J. A. van Loon, M. Dicke, and W. Takken. "Use of semiochemicals for surveillance and control of hematophagous insects." Chemoecology 30, no. 6 (2020): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00049-020-00317-1.

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Abstract Reliance on broad-spectrum insecticides and chemotherapeutic agents to control hematophagous insect vectors, and their related diseases is threatened by increasing insecticide and drug resistance, respectively. Thus, development of novel, alternative, complementary and effective technologies for surveillance and control of such insects is strongly encouraged. Semiochemicals are increasingly developed for monitoring and intervention of insect crop pests, but this has not been adequately addressed for hematophagous insects of medical and veterinary importance. This review provides an insight in the application of semiochemicals for control of hematophagous insects. Here, we provide specific information regarding the isolation and identification of semiochemical compounds, optimization approaches, detection, perception and discrimination by the insect olfactory system. Navigation of insects along wind-borne odor plumes is discussed and methods of odor application in field situations are reviewed. Finally, we discuss prospects and future challenges for the application of semiochemical-based tools with emphasis on mosquitoes. The acquired knowledge can guide development of more effective components of integrated vector management, safeguard against emerging resistance of insects to existing insecticides and reduce the burden of vector-borne diseases.
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Fischer, Andreas, Yerin Lee, T'ea Dong, and Gerhard Gries. "Know your foe: synanthropic spiders are deterred by semiochemicals of European fire ants." Royal Society Open Science 8, no. 5 (2021): 210279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210279.

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Many ants prey on spiders, suggesting that web-building spiders may avoid micro-locations near ant colonies or frequented by foraging ants. Here we tested the hypothesis that ant-derived semiochemicals deter synanthropic spiders. To generate stimuli, we exposed filter paper for 12 h to workers of European fire ants, Myrmica rubra, black garden ants, Lasius niger, or western carpenter ants, Camponotus modoc , and then offered select urban spiders in three-chamber olfactometer bioassays a choice between ant-exposed filter paper and unexposed control filter paper. Semiochemical deposits of M. rubra , but not of L. niger or C. modoc , had a significant deterrent effect on subadults of the false black widow, Steatoda grossa, the black widow, Latrodectus hesperus , and the hobo spider, Eratigena agrestis, as well as a moderate (but statistically not significant) deterrent effect on the cross spider, Araneus diadematus . The deterrent effect caused by semiochemical deposits of M. rubra may be attributable to the aggressive nature and efficient foraging of M. rubra in its invaded North American range, exerting selection pressure on community members to recognize M. rubra semiochemicals and to avoid micro-locations occupied by M. rubra .
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Tremblay, Émilie D., Troy Kimoto, Jean A. Bérubé, and Guillaume J. Bilodeau. "High-Throughput Sequencing to Investigate Phytopathogenic Fungal Propagules Caught in Baited Insect Traps." Journal of Fungi 5, no. 1 (2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof5010015.

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Studying the means of dispersal of plant pathogens is crucial to better understand the dynamic interactions involved in plant infections. On one hand, entomologists rely mostly on both traditional molecular methods and morphological characteristics, to identify pests. On the other hand, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) is becoming the go-to avenue for scientists studying phytopathogens. These organisms sometimes infect plants, together with insects. Considering the growing number of exotic insect introductions in Canada, forest pest-management efforts would benefit from the development of a high-throughput strategy to investigate the phytopathogenic fungal and oomycete species interacting with wood-boring insects. We recycled formerly discarded preservative fluids from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency annual survey using insect traps and analysed more than one hundred samples originating from across Canada. Using the Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM) HTS technology and fusion primers, we performed metabarcoding to screen unwanted fungi and oomycetes species, including Phytophthora spp. Community profiling was conducted on the four different wood-boring, insect-attracting semiochemicals; although the preservative (contained ethanol) also attracted other insects. Phytopathogenic fungi (e.g., Leptographium spp. and Meria laricis in the pine sawyer semiochemical) and oomycetes (mainly Peronospora spp. and Pythium aff. hypogynum in the General Longhorn semiochemical), solely associated with one of the four types of semiochemicals, were detected. This project demonstrated that the insect traps’ semiochemical microbiome represents a new and powerful matrix for screening phytopathogens. Compared to traditional diagnostic techniques, the fluids allowed for a faster and higher throughput assessment of the biodiversity contained within. Additionally, minimal modifications to this approach would allow it to be used in other phytopathology fields.
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Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile, Rajesh Durairaj, Paolo Pelosi, and Patrick Pageat. "The Major Cat Allergen Fel d 1 Binds Steroid and Fatty Acid Semiochemicals: A Combined In Silico and In Vitro Study." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 4 (2020): 1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041365.

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The major cat allergen Fel d 1 is a tetrameric glycoprotein of the secretoglobin superfamily. Structural aspects and allergenic properties of this protein have been investigated, but its physiological function remains unclear. Fel d 1 is assumed to bind lipids and steroids like the mouse androgen-binding protein, which is involved in chemical communication, either as a semiochemical carrier or a semiochemical itself. This study focused on the binding activity of a recombinant model of Fel d 1 (rFel d 1) towards semiochemical analogs, i.e., fatty acids and steroids, using both in silico calculations and fluorescence measurements. In silico analyses were first adopted to model the interactions of potential ligands, which were then tested in binding assays using the fluorescent reporter N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine. Good ligands were fatty acids, such as the lauric, oleic, linoleic, and myristic fatty acids, as well as steroids like androstenone, pregnenolone, and progesterone, that were predicted by in silico molecular models to bind into the central and surface cavities of rFel d 1, respectively. The lowest dissociation constants were shown by lauric acid (2.6 µM) and androstenone (2.4 µM). The specific affinity of rFel d 1 to semiochemicals supports a function of the protein in cat’s chemical communication, and highlights a putative role of secretoglobins in protein semiochemistry.
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YAMAOKA, RYOHEI. "Insect Semiochemical." Wood Preservation 21, no. 3 (1995): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5990/jwpa.21.101.

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Borden, J. H., L. J. Chong, and B. S. Lindgren. "REDUNDANCY IN THE SEMIOCHEMICAL MESSAGE REQUIRED TO INDUCE ATTACK ON LODGEPOLE PINES BY THE MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS PONDEROSAE HOPKINS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 122, no. 5 (1990): 769–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent122769-9.

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AbstractBaited tree experiments confirmed the hypothesis that frontalin is a multifunctional pheromone that can induce the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, to aggregate on and mass-attack lodgepole pine, Pinus conforta var. latifolia Engelmann. A re-examination was undertaken of the role of four known semiochemicals, myrcene, trans-verbenol, exo-brevicomin, and frontalin, tested as tree baits alone (with the exception of myrcene) and in all possible combinations. There was considerable redundancy evident in the semiochemical signal. For example, myrcene + frontalin and trans-verbenol + exo-brevicomin induced attack on baited trees at similar levels of intensity. The results suggest that beetles of either sex could initiate a mass attack. During the most attractive phase of host colonization, redundancy in the semiochemical signal could act as a fail-safe mechanism to ensure perception of and response to odors from an attacked tree. In addition the standard, commercial, tree bait containing myrcene, trans-verbenol, and exo-brevicomin might be modified by deleting myrcene, making a more acceptable and cost-effective operational bait.
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Sharma, Anamika, Ramandeep Kaur Sandhi, and Gadi V. P. Reddy. "A Review of Interactions between Insect Biological Control Agents and Semiochemicals." Insects 10, no. 12 (2019): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10120439.

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Biological control agents and semiochemicals have become essential parts of the integrated pest management of insect pests over recent years, as the incorporation of semiochemicals with natural enemies and entomopathogenic microbials has gained significance. The potential of insect pheromones to attract natural enemies has mainly been established under laboratory conditions, while semiochemicals from plants have been used to attract and retain natural enemies in field conditions using strategies such as trap crops and the push–pull mechanism. The best-known semiochemicals are those used for parasitoids–insect pest–plant host systems. Semiochemicals can also aid in the successful dispersal of entomopathogenic microbials. The use of semiochemicals to disseminate microbial pathogens is still at the initial stage, especially for bacterial and viral entomopathogens. Future studies should focus on the integration of semiochemicals into management strategies for insects, for which several semiochemical compounds have already been studied. More effective formulations of microbial agents, such as granular formulations of entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs), along with bio-degradable trap materials, could improve this strategy. Furthermore, more studies to evaluate species-specific tactics may be needed, especially where more than one key pest is present.
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Patel, Priya, Bhupendra Kumar, Rekha Upadhyay, Daya Ram Bhusal, and Dinesh Kumar. "Semiochemical tracks of predaceous Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) modulate feeding attributes and assimilation of nutrients in Zygogramma bicolorata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)." Canadian Entomologist 152, no. 3 (2020): 330–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2020.18.

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AbstractParthenium hysterophorus Linnaeus (Asteraceae) is a toxic weed found abundantly in major agroecosystems of the world. The weed is inhabited by both phytophagous Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera), used as biocontrol agents, and the predaceous Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). The present investigation was designed to assess the feeding attributes and larval development of Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the presence of semiochemical tracks of coccinellid beetles. Results revealed that the presence of coccinellid semiochemical tracks on the weed reduced larval consumption rates, conversion efficiencies, and growth rates. The feeding deterrent effects of the semiochemical tracks were species specific. Larvae accumulated lower concentrations of glucose, proteins, and triacylglycerols and exhibited reduced body biomass in the presence of semiochemical tracks. The coccinellid semiochemical tracks also promoted Z. bicolorata larvae to accelerate their developmental rates and develop faster than the larvae reared in the absence of semiochemical tracks. While the fourth instars consumed food maximally and were heavier, their food use efficiencies were lower than the other instars. Our findings, therefore, suggest that the presence of semiochemical tracks of coccinellids on P. hysterophorus impedes its biological control by Z. bicolorata larvae.
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Gray, D. R., E. Holsten, and M. Pascuzzo. "EFFECTS OF SEMIOCHEMICAL BAITING ON THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF FELLED AND UNFELLED LETHAL TRAP TREES FOR SPRUCE BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS RUFIPENNIS (KIRBY) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE), MANAGEMENT IN AREAS OF HIGH AND LOW BEETLE POPULATIONS." Canadian Entomologist 122, no. 2 (1990): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent122373-3.

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AbstractA two by two factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design tested single and combined effects of tree felling and semiochemical baiting on the attractiveness of spruce (Picea spp.) trees treated with monosodium methanearsenate (MSMA) to Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby) in British Columbia and Alaska. In British Columbia, tree felling and semiochemical baiting had significant effects on attack density, but in Alaska only tree felling had a significant effect. Semiochemical baiting had a significant effect on within-tree attack distribution in British Columbia but cot in Alaska, regardless of the felling treatment. The felled treatment captured more beetles than the not-felled treatment regardless of the baiting treatment in British Columbia, but only in the absence of a semiochemical bait in Alaska. The differences between the two locations may have been caused by lower temperatures and beetle population density in Alaska. Effective spruce beetle management with MSMA-treated trees requires tree felling, and beetle capture can be improved with the use of a semiochemical bait.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Semiochemical"

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Pathak, Shrey. "Piezoelectric microsensors for semiochemical communication." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57210/.

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Chemical communication plays vital role in the mediating the behaviour of an organism living in the “odour space”. The mechanisms by which odours are generated and detected by the organism has evolved over thousands of years and thus the potential advantages of translating this system into a fully functional communication system has opened new avenues in the area of multi-disciplinary research. This formed the basis of the Biosynthetic Infochemical Communications project – iCHEM whose central aim was to develop a new class of communication technology based on the biosynthesis pathways of the moth, S. littoralis. This novel infochemical communication system would consist of a “chemoemitter” unit which would generate a precise mix of infochemicals which after travelling through the odour space would be detected by a complementary tuned detector – the “chemoreceiver” unit comprising of a ligand specific detection element and an associated biophysical model functioning similar to the antennal lobe neuron of the moth. This combined novel system will have the capability of communicating by the help of chemicals only, in the vapour or liquid phase. For the work presented in this thesis, the novel concept of infochemical communication has been examined in the vapour and liquid phase by employing piezoelectric microsensors. This has been achieved and demonstrated throughout the thesis by employing chemo-specific acoustic wave microsensors. For vapour phase assessment, quartz crystal microbalance, were coated with different organic polymer coatings and incorporated in a prototype infochemical communication system detecting encoded volatiles. For liquid phase assessment, shear horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) microsensors were specifically designed and immobilised within Sf9 insect cells. This GPCR based whole cell biosensing system was then employed to detect ligand specific activations thus acting as a precursor to the development of a fully functionalised OR based signalling system, thus contributing to the growing field of communication and labelling technology.
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Becker, Stuart David. "Semiochemical Detection of Infection Status in House Mice." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485899.

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Female preference expressed through mate choice for attractive males represents a fundamental mechanism for the selection and propagation of heritable advantageous traits in animal populations. The presence of pathogenic infection in males can alter female mate choice, commonly rendering affected males less attractive than uninfected conspecifics, although there are several exceptions. It has been suggested that in wild populations, variation between males in their ability to cope with infection may be reflected in differences in signalling. Signals may include secondary sexual characteristics, behaviour, or other changes associated with clinical pathology. Recognition of these signals could provide a reliable estimate of heritable resistance to locally relevant pathogens, as highly resistant males may invest more heavily in signals of attractiveness or suppress indicators of pathology, and so experience greater reproductive success. Heritable resistance in the context of local pathogens is likely to increase offspring survival, so improving the reproductive success of both the male and female parent. Interpretation of female preference behaviour from an ecological perspective demands that experimental design takes into account the evolutionary history of the host-pathogen combination under study. Natural host-pathogen combinations are likely to be mutually adapted through co-evolution, resulting in optimisation of avoidance and transmission strategies respectively. Thus observations gained through experimental use of naturally occurring pathogens in wild study populations are more likely to elicit ecologically relevant responses than non-natural pathogens. A serological survey during this project found variable prevalence of several viral pathogens in wild and wild-derived captive populations of house mice (Mus domesticus). This survey also found that most viruses showed low or no transmission in captivity, with the exception oflymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). As this pathogen is an important zoonosis, the captive population was screened to eliminate LCMV and thus remove any associated risk to personnel. Transmission of LCMV occurred vertically (to the foetuses in utero) in most cases, and several animals that were persistently infected with virus had no detectable antibody to this pathogen. This has important implications for standard laboratory screening for LCMV, where the use of serological methods alone could fail to detect persistent infections. The effects of immune stimulation and viral infection on male competitive behaviour and female preference for males and their scents were investigated. Previous studies had demonstrated infectionassociated changes to urinary scent signalling. Thus urine of control, vaccinated and infected animals was subjected to biochemical analysis. Immune stimulation was achieved by vaccinating animals with the novel antigen keyhole limpet haemocyanin. During infection studies, animals were inoculated with mouse adenovirus, a natural pathogen of wild mice that had been identified during the serology survey. Immune stimulation caused small a reduction in male scent marking behaviour, but did not alter female preference or urine biochemistry. Infection caused no change to male urine marking behaviour, but reduced urinary protein concentration. This did not alter female preference. Pregnancy block or the 'Bruce' effect may represent a mechanism females could use to avoid the deletenous effects of infection on offspring. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that female mice will termmate gestation if exposed to an unfamiliar male within a limited time after mating. As these studies ofte.n use inbred laboratory strains, males are classed as 'unfamiliar' if they arw of a different inbred stram to the stud male. However, scent changes associated with infection may provide a different source of unfamlhanty. The 'Bruce' effect is traditionally assumed to have evolved as it offers potential advantages.to both males and females. However, we show that female mice are able to control whether pregnancy is blocked or maintained by altering their own exposure to male scent at times critical for the activation of this physiological mechanism. Thus females may control'the 'Bruce' effect without reference to male advantage, and this behaviour may have evolved solely to improve female reproductIve success.
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Viviers, Marlize Zaretha. "Investigation into the semiochemical communication involved in neonatal offspring recognition in sheep." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3980.

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Thesis (PhD (Chemistry and Polymer Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
Video 1: Twin-bearing Döhne Merino ewe butting only one of her lambs in typical rejection behavior. Rejection of one twin is not a common phenomenon. (Video by Dr Marlize Viviers)
Video 2: Twin-bearing ewe # 22 accepting alien lamb # 179. The alien lamb wears a jacket her other lamb has been wearing for the preceding 24 hours. The excessive sniffing at the jacket, bleating and looking around show that the ewe is not totally satisfied with the situation. (Video by Dr Marlize Viviers)
Video 3: Ewe # 22 rejecting alien lamb # 179 after removal of the jacket it has worn in the previous video. (Video by Dr Marlize Viviers)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Sheep husbandry substantially contributes to South Africa’s economy. Lamb mortality is regarded as a major constraint to sustainable sheep production, and an important factor in lamb survival is the strong ewe–lamb bonding. This is a well-known phenomenon in all sheep races and strong evidence exists that the selective ewe–lamb bond formation has a pheromonal basis, in that the ewe can distinguish her lamb by its unique, familiar smell. Sheep farmers and scientists have examined various methods of making alien lambs acceptable to foster ewes. The survival rate of offspring could be substantially increased if a reliable method could be devised to prevent ewes from rejecting their own lambs or if ewes could be induced to accept alien lambs. A better understanding of the semiochemicals involved in this communication between ewe and offspring could facilitate the development of a method by which ewes can be coaxed into adopting foster lambs. This would positively contribute to efficient sheep production in South Africa. The objective of this study was to characterise the volatile constituents present in the wool and the amniotic fluid collected from the Döhne Merino lambs to achieve a better understanding of the ewe–lamb semiochemical communication. The volatile organic constituents associated with the wool and amniotic fluid were characterised and a total of 133 volatile organic compounds were identified. Several compound classes are represented in these samples and the majority of these compounds have previously been identified in the excretions and secretions of numerous mammalian species. A number of different aspects of ewe–lamb kin recognition were investigated. First, the odour profiles of twin lambs were compared to those of other twins. The results of these analyses revealed that the wool volatiles of twin lambs are qualitatively as well as quantitatively practically identical, but different from those of other lambs in the flock. Second, the change in the odour profiles of lambs was studied over a seven-day period. It was found that the odour profiles of lambs are not fixed, and for as long as a ewe makes use of olfactory recognition as the main mode of identification of her lamb she has to continue learning the odour of her lamb. Third, the amniotic fluid was investigated as a possible source of maternal labels, i.e. as chemical codes consisting of mixtures of compounds in specific quantitative ratios that are imprinted on lambs by their mothers at birth. It was found that the amniotic fluids of first- and second-born lambs are qualitatively and quantitatively different. It is possible that the duration of the lambing birth process could contribute to this change in amniotic fluid composition. Fourth, the role of residual proteins in the dissemination of the semiochemicals involved in ewe– lamb communication was investigated and six proteins were identified as amniotic fluid and wool-associated proteins. Bioassays carried out during the lambing season of 2009 confirmed the role of the odour of the lamb in ewe-lamb recognition, but bioassays carried out with synthetic pheromone formulations gave inconclusive results.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Skaapboerdery lewer aansienlike bydrae tot die ekonomie van Suid Afrika, maar lamsterftes is een van die kwellende probleme waarmee kleinveeboere te kampe het. Die eksklusiewe band wat binne die eerste paar uur na 'n lam se geboorte tussen die ooi en haar lam ontwikkel, is die hooffaktor waarvan lammers se oorlewing afhang. Hierdie sterk binding tussen lam en ooi is 'n bekende verskynsel in alle skaap-rasse en dit is bekend dat 'n feromoon wat deur die lam vrygestel word, dit vir die ooi moontlik maak om haar lam aan sy unieke reuk uit te ken. Lamsterftes sou aansienlik verminder kon word as hierdie feromoon geïdentifiseer en gebruik kan word om ooie te verhoed om hulle eie lammers te verwerp en om die aanvaarding van vreemde lammers deur ooie moontlik te maak. Die doel van hierdie studie was die chemiese karakterisering van die vlugtige organiese verbindings aanwesig in die amniotiese vloeistof en wol van Döhne Merino lammers ten einde 'n beter begrip van die semiochemiese kommunikasie tussen ooie en lammers te verkry. In die amniotiese vloeistof is 70 vlugtige organiese verbindings geïdentifiseer. Dieselfde verbindings asook 'n verdere 63 verbindings is in lammerwol geïdentifiseer. Die meerderheid van hierdie verbindings is reeds voorheen in verskeie soogdierafskeidings gevind. Die studie het verskeie interessante aspekte van hierdie semiochemiese kommunikasie aan die lig gebring. Eerstens is daar gevind dat die samestelling van die vlugtige organiese materiaal in die wol van tweelinglammers, oftewel hul reukprofiele, feitlik identies is. Verder verskil die reukprofiele van 'n tweeling van dié van ander tweelinge en enkelinge in die trop. Tweedens is gevind dat die reukprofiel van 'n lam nie by geboorte vasgelê word en so behoue bly nie, maar dat dit geleidelik verander oor ten minste die periode van sewe dae waaroor hierdie verskynsel bestudeer is. Dit noodsaak die ooi om haar geheue met betrekking tot die lam se reuk voortdurend te verfris gedurende die tydperk wat sy hoofsaaklik van haar reuksin gebruik maak om haar lam te herken. Derdens is die amniotiese vloeistof ondersoek as moontlike bron van ‘n sogenaamde moedermerk, waardeur chemiese mengsel van verbindings wat in ‘n spesifieke kwantitatiewe samestelling by geboorte deur die ooi op haar lam agter gelaat word. Ten opsigte van kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe samestelling, verskil die vlugtige organiese fraksie van die amniotiese vloeistof van die tweelinglam wat eerste gebore word van die amniotiese vloeistof van die lam wat tweede gebore word. Dit is onwaarskynlik dat amniotiese vloeistowwe wat ten opsigte van hul vlugtige organiese fraksies van mekaar verskil, nagenoeg identiese moedermerke op tweeling lammers sou kon laat. Vierdens is vasgestel dat spore van ses proteïene uit die amniotiese vloeistof op die wol van lammers agtergelaat word. Daar kon ongelukkig nie vasgestel word of hierdie proteïene 'n rol in die vrystelling van semiochemiese inligting speel nie. Gedragstoetse wat tydens die lamseisoen van 2009 uitgevoer is, het bevestig dat die lam se reukprofiel deurslaggewende rol in ooi-lam herkenning speel, maar gedragstoetse wat met sintetiese feromoonmengsels uitgevoer is, het onbesliste resultate opgelewer.
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Dougherty, Martin James. "Semiochemical mediation of oviposition by the phlebotomine sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae)." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241485.

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Fisher, Paul. "Responses of the blowfly Lucilia sericata (Miegen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) to semiochemical baits." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247201.

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Yaman, Khatijah. "Semiochemical mediated oviposition and mating in Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae) sand flies." Thesis, Keele University, 2016. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/2445/.

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Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae) is an important vector responsible for the transmission of Leishmania donovani that causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or kala-azar, in the sub-continent of India. The aims of this study were to investigate the semiochemicals that mediate oviposition and mating behaviour and also the courtship behaviours in P. argentipes. The result of ovipositional behaviour bioassays shows gravid P. argentipes females preferred to oviposit their eggs in the present of conspecific eggs and also eggs extract. This suggests the presence of an oviposition pheromone on the surface of the eggs which can be removed by washing with an organic solvent and transferred to an alternative surface. A Y-tube olfactometer was used to test an upwind anemotactic response of virgin females to male headspace volatiles and male extract, in the presence or absence of host odour. The results strongly suggest that a volatile maleproduced sex pheromone is present in P. argentipes. The results also suggest that under certain circumstances of the age of males and females and the presence of host odour, the females are attracted to live male and male extract of P. argentipes. Thus, presence of host odour might have a synergistic effect on the male-produced sex pheromone. Quantitative description and detailed of courtship behaviour(s) in both males and females of P. argentipes were observed. The results show that male behaviours during courtship are vital for the success of the mating. These predictor behaviours include approach wingflapping, abdomen bending and copulation attempt by male P. argentipes. Understanding of the biology, ecology and chemical mediated behaviour in P. argentipes will enhance and widen the knowledge leading to the improved of the efficiency and efficacy of the current sand fly control programmes.
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Martel, John W. "Development of Semiochemical-Based Strategies for Management of Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MartelJW2004.pdf.

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Salom, Scott Michael. "Dispersal and flight behavior of Trypodendron Lineatum (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) as influenced by semiochemical and environmental factors." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29276.

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Laboratory bioassays using a wind tunnel were developed to study flight behavior and orientation of the striped ambrosia beetle, Trvpodendron lineatum (Olivier). Factors that were studied in detail were windspeed, semiochemical concentrations, and semiochemical combinations. In the first of two experiments examining the effect of wind speed on T. lineatum response to a semiochemical-baited substrate, the highest % of males (21.4) and females (25.3) caught in a funnel trap, occurred at 0.0 m/s. As windspeed was increased from 0.0 to 0.9 m/s, the percent of beetles caught decreased linearly for both sexes. A second experiment showed that in the presence of wind, responding beetles oriented anemotactically to the semiochemical-baited substrate. With wind absent, beetles flew randomly and erratically. Upon reaching close to the baited substrate, a greater proportion of the beetles responded to the chemical stimuli and landed on the substrate than when an airflow was present. These results suggest that T. lineatum are capable of responding under varied wind conditions typically present in a forest, whereby they use wind to orient to olfactory stimuli, yet are best arrested to the stimuli under still conditions. Flight response of T. lineatum to a multiple funnel trap baited with ethanol (1° attractant) and lineatin (2° attractant) at different release rates, indicated that only lineatin was effective in attracting beetles to this kind of trap. Maximum response by both males and females occurred at release rates of lineatin between 8 and 64 ug/24 h. However, in a more detailed study of T. lineatum response to ethanol and lineatin using modified drainpipe traps, serving as a model of a host tree, ethanol did positively influence male flight type, speed of reaction, and direction. Nevertheless, lineatin was the most important semiochemical in attracting males to land on and enter the traps. Ethanol was more important for females than for males, and when combined with lineatin, provided the optimal stimuli for attracting females to land on and enter the traps. Population movement of spring dispersing T. lineatum was studied using mark-recapture techniques with lineatin-baited funnel traps. In a first set of studies conducted in an even-aged second-growth coastal forest in British Columbia, beetle recapture distribution was compared with wind direction at distances between 5 and 500 m from the beetle release site. At 5 and 25 m, beetle recapture was predominantly upwind. With traps placed only at 100 m from the release site, beetles were recaptured in all directions irrespective of wind. However, with traps placed only 500 m from the release site, beetles were only recaptured in the downwind traps. In mark-recapture experiments conducted in a valley, beetles released from a forest margin influenced by prevailing up-valley winds, flew upwind within the forest to lineatin-baited funnel traps placed 25 m from the release site. Beetle recapture in an open setting was higher along the edge of the open setting than in its center, 325 m closer to the release site. Beetles were recaptured 1 km down-valley (upwind) and 1.9 km up-valley (downwind) from the release site. In one experiment (two releases), 10.6 and 7.8% of the marked beetles recaptured were collected in traplines ≥ 700 m and ≥ 1 km from the release site, respectively. In additional mark-recapture experiments in the valley, beetles were released simultaneously from a windward and leeward side of a forest margin in the valley through two experiments of four releases each. With long distance flight emphasized and no semiochemical-baited traps placed within 200 m of either release site, population movement was predominantly downwind. Beetles also flew across the valley to traps on the opposite facing slope at a fairly high frequency (38% of the recaptured beetles), during the first experiment. Beetles were recaptured at a much higher frequency in traps placed within a forest as compared to those in an open setting. This was likely a result of the calmer wind conditions under the forest canopy, facilitating better flying conditions and response to olfactory stimuli for the beetles. The implications these findings have on the general knowledge of scolytid beetle dispersal and orientation to olfactory stimuli are discussed. New considerations toward improving pest management strategies for T. lineatum as a result of these sets of studies are presented.
Forestry, Faculty of
Graduate
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Grosman, Donald Michael. "Southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) : quantitative analysis of chiral semiochemicals /." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05042006-164540/.

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Krupke, Christian Harald. "Behavioural response of male codling moth, Cydia pomonella L., to a semiochemical-based attract-and-kill management strategy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ51381.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Semiochemical"

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Smith, M. T. The southern pine bark beetle guild: A historical review of the research on the semiochemical-based communication system of the five principal species. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1993.

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Petroski, Richard J., Maria R. Tellez, and Robert W. Behle, eds. Semiochemicals in Pest and Weed Control. American Chemical Society, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2005-0906.

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Schulz, Stefan, ed. The Chemistry of Pheromones and Other Semiochemicals II. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b83344.

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Schulz, S., ed. The Chemistry of Pheromones and Other Semiochemicals I. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b96138.

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Touhara, Kazushige. Pheromone signaling: Methods and protocols. Humana Press, 2013.

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Rozhnov, V. V. Oposredovannai︠a︡ khemokommunikat︠s︡ii︠a︡ v sot︠s︡ialʹnom povedenii mlekopitai︠u︡shchikh. T-vo nauch. izd. KMK, 2011.

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H, Holsten Edward. Attractant semiochemicals of the engraver beetle, Ips perturbatus, in south-central and interior Alaska. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2000.

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Holsten, Edward H. Attractant semiochemicals of the engraver beetle, Ips perturbatus, in south-central and interior Alaska. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2000.

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H, Holsten Edward. Attractant semiochemicals of the engraver beetle, Ips perturbatus, in south-central and interior Alaska. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2001.

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Garraway, Richard. The action of semiochemicals on olfactory nerve activity and behaviour of Deroceras reticulatum (Müll.). Portsmouth Polytechnic, School of Biological Sciences, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Semiochemical"

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Heppner, John B., David B. Richman, Steven E. Naranjo, et al. "Semiochemical." In Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4122.

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Heppner, John B., David B. Richman, Steven E. Naranjo, et al. "Semiochemical Parsimony." In Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4123.

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Borden, John H. "Disruption of Semiochemical-Mediated Aggregation in Bark Beetles." In Insect Pheromone Research. Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6371-6_37.

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Peñaflor, Maria Fernanda Gomes Villalba. "Use of Semiochemical-Based Strategies to Enhance Biological Control." In Natural Enemies of Insect Pests in Neotropical Agroecosystems. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24733-1_41.

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Mfuti, D. K., S. Subramanian, S. Niassy, H. du Plessis, S. Ekesi, and N. K. Maniania. "Semiochemical-Baited Autodissemination Device for Managing BFT on Cowpea." In Sustainable Management of Invasive Pests in Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41083-4_20.

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Maderson, Paul F. A. "The Tetrapod Epidermis: A System Protoadapted as a Semiochemical Source." In Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 4. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2235-1_2.

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Dzięcioł, Michał, Antoni Szumny, Wojciech Niżański, Marcin Wrzosek, Ewa Stańczyk, and Joanna Polikowska. "Semiochemical Communication in Dogs in the Context of Reproductive Behavior." In Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 13. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22026-0_25.

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Brugman, Victor A., Renate C. Smallegange, and James G. Logan. "13. Semiochemical tools for a new generation of livestock pest control." In Ecology and Control of Vector-borne Diseases. Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-863-6_13.

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Tepfer, D. "Ri T-DNA from Agrobacterium rhizogenes, A Semiochemical that Alters Morphological Plasticity." In Plant Molecular Biology. Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7598-6_51.

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Jayanthi PD, Kamala, Ravindra Mahadappa Aurade, Vivek Kempraj, A. K. Chakravarthy, and Abraham Verghese. "Glimpses of Semiochemical Research Applications in Indian Horticulture: Present Status and Future Perspectives." In New Horizons in Insect Science: Towards Sustainable Pest Management. Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2089-3_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Semiochemical"

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Frolov, A. N., I. V. Grushevaya, A. G. Kononchuk, T. A. Ryabchinskaya, V. B. Kolesnikov, and Tóth Miklós. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of the European corn borer monitoring using bisexual lure based on tests results in the Kuban and the Central Black Earth Zone of Russia." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-51.

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During summer 2019, pilot tests were conducted in the Eastern part of the Krasnodar Krai and in the North of the Voronezh Region on two volatile semiochemicals of maize (phenylacetaldehyde and 4-methoxy-2-phenethyl alcohol) to monitor the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis number in comparison with sex pheromones. Traps with semiochemical lure caught significantly more pest adults than traps with sex pheromone – in the Voronezh Region by 16.5 times, and in the Krasnodar Krai by 2.4 times. At the same time, about half of the moths attracted by semiochemical lure were females, whose information value for forecasting is significantly higher than that of males. The results obtained indicate that semiochemical lure can be used for monitoring pests, especially in the Northern foci of its harm, where traps with sex pheromones cannot provide reliable monitoring of the insect
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Zhang, Qing-He. "Semiochemical-based trapping technologies for consumer markets." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94731.

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Oehlschlager, Cam. "Commercial semiochemical synthesis — scaling and getting green." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94897.

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Oliveira da Silva, Rodrigo. "Semiochemical attractants for fruit flies of agricultural importance." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.108997.

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Wibe, Atle. "Semiochemical-based pest insect managment in strawberry and raspberry." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.111010.

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Owens, David R. "Picture-winged fly (Diptera: Ulidiidae: Euxesta,Chaetopsisspp) semiochemical investigations." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.113792.

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Schlyter, Fredrik. "Modulation of attraction by non-host volatiles: Mechanisms for semiochemical diversity." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94021.

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Holderman, Chris J. "Mosquito attraction and semiochemical analysis for mosquito vectors of dog heartworm." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94295.

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Renthal, Robert. "Analysis of polar cuticular lipids and their roles in semiochemical signaling." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.114175.

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Cui, Yinzhong. "Current status of practical applications of semiochemical-based pest management in China." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94938.

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Reports on the topic "Semiochemical"

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Carde, Ring T. Use of Semiochemicals for Survey and Detection of Exotic Insects: Principles and Constraints. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada399846.

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Holsten, Edward H., Roger E. Burnside, and Steven J. Seybold. Attractant semiochemicals of the engraver beetle, Ips perturbatus, in south-central and interior Alaska. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-529.

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Werner, Richard A., and Edward H. Holsten. Use of semiochemicals of secondary bark beetles to disrupt spruce beetle attraction and survival in Alaska. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-541.

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Werner, Richard A. Response of the engraver beetle, Ipsperturbatus, to semiochemicals in white spruce stands of interior Alaska. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-465.

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