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Journal articles on the topic 'Sen's slope estimator (SS)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

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1

Mishra, Vipin Kumar, Dhiraj Khalkho, Vinay K. Pandey, and Rakesh Banwasi. "Trend Analysis of Rainfall and Temperature in the Kharun Watershed: Implications for Climate and Water Management." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 14, no. 11 (2024): 370–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i114552.

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Rainfall and temperature are critical meteorological variables for understanding climate change and its potential impacts on water resources. Rainfall and Temperature are the most important for climatic parameters. The result of this study will help to take necessary steps and measures for agricultural production. This study focuses on analyzing rainfall and temperature trends in the Kharun watershed, Chhattisgarh, using the Mann-Kendall (MK) test and Sen's slope (SS) estimator. The analysis covers seasonal (summer, winter, and monsoon) and annual trends across key stations. Results for precip

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Gupta, Lov Kumar, and Shruti Verma. "Rainfall and Temperature Trend Analysis Using Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Slope Estimator Test in Kharun Watershed, Chhattisgarh, India." Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 42, no. 23 (2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i234174.

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Temperature and rainfall are important meteorological variables in connection with changes in the climate. Analyzing rainfall temperature changes is a necessary first step in determining how climate change will affect us. Evaluating how climate change would affect the accessibility of water and the environment. The main focus of the current study is on the shifting patterns of rainfall and temperature in the Kharun Watershed, Chhattisgarh. The Mann-Kendall (MK) test and Sen's slope (SS) method are used in this study to examine trends in seasonal and yearly rainfall, and minimum and maximum tem

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Arrieta-Castro, Marco, Adriana Donado-Rodríguez, Guillermo J. Acuña, Fausto A. Canales, Ramesh S. V. Teegavarapu, and Bartosz Kaźmierczak. "Analysis of Streamflow Variability and Trends in the Meta River, Colombia." Water 12, no. 5 (2020): 1451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051451.

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The aim of this research is the detection and analysis of existing trends in the Meta River, Colombia, based on the streamflow records from seven gauging stations in its main course, for the period between June 1983 to July 2019. The Meta River is one of the principal branches of the Orinoco River, and it has a high environmental and economic value for this South American country. The methods employed for the trend detection and quantification were the Mann–Kendall (MK) test, the modified MK (MMK) test, and the Sen’s slope (SS) estimator. Statistically significant trends (at a 95% level of con

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Akhundzadah, Noor Ahmad. "Analyzing Temperature, Precipitation, and River Discharge Trends in Afghanistan’s Main River Basins Using Innovative Trend Analysis, Mann–Kendall, and Sen’s Slope Methods." Climate 12, no. 12 (2024): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli12120196.

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Afghanistan, a nation already challenged by geopolitical and environmental pressure, faces severe climate change impacts, evident through rising temperatures, decreasing precipitation, and reduced river discharge. These changes profoundly affect the country’s water resources, agriculture, ecosystems, and well-being. This study analyzes trends in mean annual temperature, precipitation, and river discharge across all five of Afghanistan’s river basins from 1980 to 2022, utilizing an innovative trend analysis (ITA), the Mann–Kendall (MK) test, and Sen’s slope (SS) estimator. Climate data were der

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Dam Quoc Huy, Nguyen, Tran Thi Kim, and Dang Truong An. "Hydrological Regime Variability between the Tien and Hau Rivers under the Impact of Anthropogenic Activities and Climate Change." Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 7, no. 5 (2025): 96–107. https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v7i5.8707.

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The distribution of flow discharge between the Tien and Hau Rivers in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) plays an important role in Vietnam’s agricultural and aquaculture production activities. However, recent variations in water levels and flow patterns, driven by both human activities and climate change (CC), have posed significant challenges for water resource management. This study evaluates the impacts of unsustainable exploitation and CC on the hydrological regime of the Tien and Hau Rivers using non-parametric statistical methods. Long-term water level data (1978–2023) from Tan Chau, Cha

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Kumar, Aman, and Pawan Kumar Attri. "Analysis of Pre-monsoon and Post-monsoon Seasonal Rainfall Trends by Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Slope Estimator Test in Himachal Pradesh, India." Current World Environment 19, no. 2 (2024): 998–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.2.37.

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The purpose of the current study is to determine the trends and patterns of precipitation occurring in the periods before and after the monsoon season at 12 meteorological stations located in the twelve districts of the Himachal Pradesh region. The timeframe of the analysis is from 1991 to 2020. For this study, we used the Mann-Kendall test and estimator Sen's slope estimator test. Precipitation is an essential climatic factor that can act as a signal of climate change. In order to understand how climate change may affect water resource planning and management, it is crucial to understand rain

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D. Wale, Vishal, V. A. Sthool, D. Jadhav, and S. K. Upadhye. "Trend Analysis of Rainfall and Rainy Days using Mann Kendall Method and Sen’s Slope Estimator Atpadi Tahsil of Sangli District of Maharashtra." Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology 47, no. 01 (2022): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47111.

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The study has been carried out to investigate and assess the significance of the potential trend of rainfall and rainy days over the Atpadi tahsil of Sangli district of Maharashtra. In this study, trend analysis has been carried out on annual, seasonal, monthly and weekly basis using the data period between 1982 to 2018 for rainfall and rainy days. Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope estimate test were applied to identify the existing trend direction and Sen's slope estimator test were used to detect the trend direction and magnitude of change over time. The test results showed increasing rainfa

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Wale, V. D., J. D. Jadhav, V. A. Sthool, and S. K. Upadhye. "Rainfall and Rainy Days Trend Analysis in Miraj Tahsil of Sangli District." Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology 47, no. 01 (2022): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47106.

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The study has been carried out to investigate and asses the significance of the potential trend on annual, seasonal and monthly basis using the data period between 1982 to 2018 for rainfall and rainy days. MannKendall test and Sen's slope estimate test were applied to identify the existing trend direction and Sen's slope estimator test were used to detect the trend direction and magnitude of change over time. The test results showed increasing annual rainfall and rainy days trend over the tahsil. The seasonal rainfall and rainy days showed decreasing trend for summer season and decreasing tren

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Vishwakarma, Ankur, Mahendra Kumar Choudhary, and Mrityunjay Singh Chauhan. "Applicability of SPI and RDI for forthcoming drought events: a non-parametric trend and one way ANOVA approach." Journal of Water and Climate Change 11, S1 (2020): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2020.042.

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Abstract Monthly, seasonal and annual trends of rainfall and temperature (both minimum and maximum) have been analyzed using the Mann–Kendall trend test (a non-parametric test) and Sen's slope estimator for Sagar division, India from 1988 to 2018. Sagar division is a drought-prone zone of Madhya Pradesh, India. The same analysis has been performed for two drought indices, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI). Both indices were calculated to see the trend in the drought for 35 rain-gauge stations belonging to the study area. The study revealed that t

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Mohanta, Jyotirmayee, and Ashis Chandra Pathy. "Investigating Rainfall Patterns in South Singhbhum: A Non-parametric Approach Utilizing Mann-Kendall Tests and Sen's Slope Estimator." Asian Journal of Geographical Research 7, no. 4 (2024): 45–66. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i4249.

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Aims: The South Singhbhum region is a physical region that experiences monsoon climate and frequent tropical cyclones and has global importance because of its abundant mineral resources like iron, manganese and its mining activities. The agricultural practices mainly depend on rainfall as it is a hilly area. For that reason, sustainable management is necessary to fulfill ecological, industrial, and community water requirements. So, the investigation carried out in this study focuses on the analysis of rainfall patterns within the South Singhbhum region by utilizing non-parametric statistical m

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Garba, Haruna, and Udeme Udeme Udokpoh. "Analysis of Trend in Meteorological and Hydrological Time-series using Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Slope Estimator Statistical Test in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 10 (2023): 1017–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i102748.

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The monthly, seasonal, annual, and decadal trends of seven hydro-meteorological variables were analysed for stations in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, controlled by the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) and the Cross River Basin Development Authority (CRBDA) from 1972 to 2021. At the 5% statistical significance level, the non-parametric Mann-Kendall and Sen's slope estimator techniques were used to detect if there was a positive or negative trend and the magnitude of the trend in hydro-meteorological data. In the present study, there was a significant statistically increasing (positive) trend

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KHOSRAVI, YOUNES, HASAN LASHKARI, and HOSEIN ASAKEREH. "Water vapor pressure trends in south and southwest Iran." MAUSAM 68, no. 2 (2021): 335–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v68i2.636.

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Recognitionanddetectionofclimaticparameters inhave animportant role inclimate change monitoring. In this study, the analysis of oneofthe most importantparameters, water vapor pressure (WVP), was investigated. For this purpose, two non-parametric techniques, Mann-Kendall and Sen's Slope Estimator, were used to analyze the WVP trend and to determine the magnitude of the trends, respectively. To analyze these tests, ground station observations [10 stations for period of 44 years (1967-2010)] and gridded data [pixels with the dimension of 9 × 9 km over a 30-year period (1981-2010)] in South and So

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Ekwueme, Chimeme M., Ify L. Nwaogazie, and Chiedozie Ikebude. "Establishing Climate Change on Rainfall Trend, Variation and Change Point Pattern in Umuahia, Nigeria." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 14, no. 11 (2024): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i114533.

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This study investigates the prevailing conditions of changing climatic trends and change point dates in Umuahia, Nigeria, using daily annual maximum series (AMS) rainfall data spanning 31 years. The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) was employed to downscale the time series data into durations ranging from 5 minutes to 24 hours. Mann-Kendall (MK) trend and Sen's Slope Estimator (SSE) tests revealed a statistically significant increasing trend across all durations. The Sen's Slope magnitude ranged from 0.1373 mm/year for 5-minute duration to 0.9045 mm/year for 24-hour duration, correspondi

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Vivekanandan, N. "Trend analysis of rainfall data using Mann-Kendall test and sen's slope estimator." i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering 14, no. 2 (2024): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jce.14.2.21074.

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Rainfall is the most important fundamental physical parameter among the climate, as this parameter determines the environmental condition of the particular region, which affects the agricultural productivity. Global warming or climate change, is one of the most important worldwide issues discussed among scientists and researchers. One of the consequences of climate change is the alteration of rainfall patterns and an increase in temperature. The drastic changes in rainfall pattern showed a significant impact on society, and therefore its up-to-date information is needed to estimate the spatial

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Tarakanov, Denis, Alexey Elizaryev, Tatyana Fashchevskaya, Ilmir Khasanov, and Stepan Mikhailov. "Changes in the hydrological regime and Climatic variability assessment within the Belaya River catchment, Russia." BIO Web of Conferences 93 (2024): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20249304002.

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The trends of changes in the indicators of the hydrological regime and climatic variability in the catchment area of the Belaya River were assessed. Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator at 8 out of 10 (80%) in the considered posts showed the presence of a positive trend in changes in the average monthly values of streamflow. At the same time, meteorological data sets at 19 of 34 (56%) observation stations have a positive trend of changes in the average monthly precipitation and temperature.

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Chanzi, Ghanima, Magreth Bushesha, Subira Munishi, and Adam Karia. "Application of Mann Kendal Sen's Slope Estimator in Trend Analysis of Historical And Future Precipitation and Temperature in the Kilombero River Basin." HURIA JOURNAL OF THE OPEN UNIVERSITY OF TANZANIA 30, no. 1 (2024): 127–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.61538/huria.v30i1.1497.

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This study examines historical (1981-2020) and future (2020-2070) trends in rainfall and temperature in the Kilombero Basin using the Mann-Kendall method with Sen's slope estimator. Data were obtained from the Tanzania Meteorological Agency and from simulated historical and future climate data sourced from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6). The CMIP6 datasets were downscaled and bias-corrected using the CMhyd tool. The basin exhibited a bimodal rainfall pattern with an average of 1400 mm, peaking around April. The CMIP6 models successfully simulated monthly rainfall, Tmax, an

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Ekwueme, Chimeme M., Ify L. Nwaogazie, and Chiedozie Ikebude. "Assessing Rainfall Trends and Change Points in Owerri, Nigeria: Implications of Climate Change." Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports 18, no. 11 (2024): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i11790.

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This study aims to analyze long-term rainfall trends and change points in Owerri, Nigeria, to understand climate change impacts on local precipitation patterns. The study utilized daily annual maximum series (AMS) rainfall data spanning 31 years (1992-2022). The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) model was employed to downscale the time series data into durations ranging from 5 minutes to 24 hours. The choice of IMD is based on availability in literature. Mann-Kendall (MK) trend and Sen's Slope Estimator (SSE) tests revealed a statistically insignificant decreasing trend across all duratio

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Thakur, Aradhana, Prabhash Kumar Mishra, A. K. Nema, and Souranshu Prasad Sahoo. "Spatiotemporal Pattern Assessment of Precipitation for the Wainganga Sub-Basin." Current World Environment 15, no. 3 (2020): 515–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.15.3.15.

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Precipitation is the major component of a hydrologic system, which significantly influences the planning and management of the water resources. The present study is principally concerned with the shifting of precipitation patterns over time. This study attempted to explain the precipitation trend for 65 years (1951-2015) using a Mann-Kendall test (MK test) and trend magnitude by Sen's slope estimator. Daily gridded data procured from India Meteorological Department (IMD) of 0.25º × 0.25º degrees to find the monthly and seasonal variability of precipitation. Eighty-five grids were falling in th

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Mehta, Darshan, and S. M. Yadav. "Temporal analysis of rainfall and drought characteristics over Jalore District of S-W Rajasthan." Water Practice and Technology 17, no. 1 (2021): 254–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2021.114.

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Abstract Drought forecasting is being considered an important tool to help understand the rainfall pattern and climate change trend. Drought is a prolonged period of months or years in which an area, whether surface water or groundwater, becomes insufficient in its water supplies. Drought is considered as the most difficult but least known environmental phenomenon, impacting more persons than any other. There are several indices used to classify droughts. For this study, precipitation-based drought indices are considered (i.e., SPI, RAI and Percentage Departure of Rainfall). The objective of t

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Othman. Ali, Rawshan, and Shadan Rashid Abubaker. "Trend analysis using mann-kendall, sen's slope estimator test and innovative trend analysis method in Yangtze river basin, china: review." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 8, no. 2 (2019): 110–19. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.29591.

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Trend analysis of mean monthly flows is fundamental for better water resources management and planning in this study, Mann Kendall (MK), Sen's Method and Åžen's Innovative trend method (ITM) were utilized so as to analyze the possible trends of annual and seasonal flows. In this study, trends of flow of the Yangtze River were reviewed on in seasonal and annual time series utilizing the Mann-Kendall (MK) test, Sen's slope estimator, and innovative trend method (ITM). That is why, the monthly flow information will gather in the stations of Yangtze River Basin. In any case, the seasonal and annua

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Hossen, Md Sabbir, and Raian Islam Evan. "Assessing historical climate trends in Dhaka City: A multivariate analysis using Mann-Kendall and Sen's slope method." International Journal of Climate Research 7, no. 1 (2023): 24–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/112.v7i1.3452.

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This study presents a comprehensive assessment of the historical climatology of Dhaka city over a period of fifty years (1971-2021), utilizing five distinct climate parameters: Skin Temperature, Air Temperature, Rainfall, Wind Speed, and Humidity. The study employed various statistical methods, such as Linear regression, the Mann-Kendall test model, and Sen’s slope estimator method, to examine the significant patterns in climate data and quantify the degree of fluctuations in the variables. The results of the Mann-Kendall Test provided evidence that each parameter's values displayed a statisti

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Burić, D., J. Luković, V. Ducić, J. Dragojlović, and M. Doderović. "Recent trends in daily temperature extremes over southern Montenegro (1951–2010)." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 1, no. 5 (2013): 5181–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-1-5181-2013.

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Abstract. Montenegro so far has been poorly investigated in terms of climate extremes. The aim of this paper was to analyse the extreme ETCCD temperature indices in the Mediterranean region of Montenegro for the period of 1951–2010. Four stations in the coastal area of Montenegro have been analysed: Herceg Novi, Ulcinj, Budva and Bar. Two periods (before 1980 and after 1980) were separately investigated in this study due to a well known climate shift that occurred in the late 1970's. Seven indices of temperature extremes have been chosen. The trend was analysed using a Man–Kendall non parametr

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Marsitha Barung, Femmy, Wendel Jan Pattipeilohy, and Robi Muharsyah. "ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE BASED ON ANNUAL TREND AND CHANGE OF TEMPERATURE IN MANOKWARI, WEST PAPUA." Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan 18, no. 1 (2021): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/jakk.2021.18.1.45-57.

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A simple climate change assessment is carried out on annual air temperatures including average, maximum and minimum temperatures in Rendani, Manokwari for the period of 1993-2019. Parametric linear regression and nonparametric Mann-Kendall trend test (MK), Modified Mann-Kendall (MMK), Sen's Slope Estimator (SSE)are used to analyze trends and index numbers for analyzing the temperature changes. Homogenity test is performed using double mass curve and assumption of normality in the distribution is also investigated to meet the requirements of the linear regression trend test. There as a signific

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Aditya, F., E. Gusmayanti, and J. Sudrajat. "Rainfall trend analysis using Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope estimator test in West Kalimantan." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 893, no. 1 (2021): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/893/1/012006.

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Abstract Climate change has been a prominent issue in the last decade. Climate change on a global scale does not necessarily have the same effect in different regions. Rainfall is a crucial weather element related to climate change. Rainfall trends analysis is an appropriate step in assessing the impact of climate change on water availability and food security. This study examines rainfall variations and changes at West Kalimantan, focusing on Mempawah and Kubu Raya from 2000-2019. The Mann-Kendall (MK) and Sen's Slope estimator test, which can determine rainfall variability and long-term mono

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Libina, R. S., R. Jegankumar, K. Prakash, D. Venkita Surya, S. P. Dhanabalan, and M. A. Arya. "Spatial and Temporal Trend Analysis of Rainfall Distribution in Nambiyar Watershed, Tamil Nadu." Geo-Eye 10, no. 2 (2021): 18–25. https://doi.org/10.53989/bu.ge.v10i2.4.

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This study is an attempt to comprehend the spatial and temporal trend of rainfall distribution in the Nambiyar watershed. The daily rainfall data was processed for the period from 1988 to 2018 to map the spatial distribution and analyse the temporal trend of rainfall. The results reveals that mean annual rainfall received in the watershed is 1026.81 mm. Statistical techniques like Mann- Kendall test and Sen’s Slope estimator were used to analyse presence of trend and correlation of variables. Among four seasons northeast monsoon contributes around 47 per cent (482.57 mm) of the total rainfall.

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Burić, D., J. Luković, V. Ducić, J. Dragojlović, and M. Doderović. "Recent trends in daily temperature extremes over southern Montenegro (1951–2010)." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 1 (2014): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-14-67-2014.

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Abstract. Montenegro so far has been poorly investigated in terms of climate extremes. The aim of this paper was to analyse the extreme ETCCDI (Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices) temperature indices in the Mediterranean region of Montenegro for the period of 1951–2010. Four stations in the coastal area of Montenegro have been analysed: Herceg Novi, Ulcinj, Budva and Bar. Two periods (before 1980 and after 1980) were separately investigated in this study due to a well-known climate shift that occurred in the late 1970s. Seven indices of temperature extremes have been chosen. T

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Lubis, Riri Syafitri, Yenny Suzana, Fatmah Syarah, Fajriana Fajriana, Fachrur Rozi, and Badai Charamsar Nusantara. "DYNAMICS OF RAINFALL AND TEMPERATURE IN NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCE: COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF TEMPORAL TRENDS." BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan 19, no. 1 (2025): 215–26. https://doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol19iss1pp215-226.

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This research aims to analyze the temporal trends of rainfall and temperature in North Sumatra Province, focusing on the Medan and Deli Serdang regions. The data used in this study was obtained from the Central Statistics Agency of North Sumatra (BPS Sumut) and spans the period from January 2000 to December 2022. The Mann-Kendall test was applied to identify trends, Sen's Slope Estimator measured the trend slope, and Pearson correlation analysis assessed the relationship between rainfall and temperature. Key findings indicate that Medan has a higher monthly rainfall average than Deli Serdang,

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Rawat, Lakshman Singh. "Annual and seasonal Trend Analysis of Rainfall for Chamoli Region of Uttarakhand, India." International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention 13, no. 9 (2024): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35629/6734-13091821.

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This study investigates the annual and seasonal rainfall trends in the Chamoli region of Uttarakhand, India, using non-parametric tests such as the Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator. The analysis focuses on detecting changes in rainfall patterns over time, which are crucial for understanding the hydrological cycle and its impact on agriculture, water resources, and drought management. The results indicate significant positive trends in winter and pre-monsoon seasons, while post-monsoon and monsoon seasons exhibit slight increases without significant trends at the 10% significance lev

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T., Gowthaman, Sathees Kumar K., and Banjul Bhattacharyya. "Detecting air pollutants trends using Mann-Kendall tests and Sen’s slope estimates." Environment Conservation Journal 24, no. 3 (2023): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.15062470.

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Recently, trend detection in ambient air pollutants has received a lot of interest, particularly in relation to climatic changes. Air pollutants data that were acquired from monitoring stations from 2015 to 2021 were used in the current investigation. The direction and size of the monotonic trend were determined using the Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator. The findings showed that there was significant fluctuation in different parameters over time. According to the study, SO2 and NO2 indicate a slightly increasing tendency with approximate annual concentrations of 6mg/m3 and 40mg/m3,

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F. Hasan, Ihsan. "TREND DETECTION OF METROLOGICAL DROUGHT IN NORTH OF IRAQ." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 25, no. 3 (2021): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.25.3.7.

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This study presents an analysis of meteorological drought using multi time-scales of Standardized Precipitation Index SPI (6, 9 and 12 month), based on observed 49-year daily mean precipitation data records at 11 stations over the Northern region of Iraq. The detection of drought trends in results of SPI analysis was studied to identify whether there is any increase or decrease in the severity of drought at the selected meteorological Stations; Mann Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator were used to detect statistically significant trends. The results indicate that there is a statistically si

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Diop, Lamine, Ansoumana Bodian, and Dior Diallo. "Spatiotemporal Trend Analysis of the Mean Annual Rainfall in Senegal." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 12 (2016): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n12p231.

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The spatiotemporal trends of annual rainfall in Senegal during 1940 - 2013 were investigated using the Mann–Kendall test and Theil–Sen’s slope estimator. Theil and Sen's slope estimator test was used for finding the magnitude of change over a time period. Inverse Weight Distance (IDW) technique in Arc GIS 10.2 was used to investigate spatial patterns of the trends over the entire country. For the period 1940-2013, the results of the analysis showed negative trends in annual rainfall at the whole country except for the Bakel station which exhibits a positive trend but not significant. While for

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Ramhari, J. Bagade. "Temporal Trends In Seasonal Precipitation Patterns In Pen Tehsil, India: A Statistical Analysis Using Rstudio." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 11, no. 3 (2024): 381–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15600905.

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<em>Water resource planning and agricultural management require an understanding of precipitation's temporal variability. This study examines long-term precipitation trends in Pen Tehsil, India, and using gridded climate data from NASA's Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources. Sen's slope estimator in R Studio and the Mann-Kendall trend test were used to identify and measure notable trends in monthly and seasonal rainfall data. Results show that monsoon months (June–September) contribute the majority of annual precipitation, with July recording the highest average (765.56 mm). A statis

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Gocic, Milan, and Slavisa Trajkovic. "Analysis of changes in meteorological variables using Mann-Kendall and Sen's slope estimator statistical tests in Serbia." Global and Planetary Change 100 (January 2013): 172–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.10.014.

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Oganja, Y. H., H. Y. Maheta, Kalpesh Kumar, and C. R. Bharodia. "Identification of Mutation Point and Trend Analysis of Area, Production and Yield of Wheat Crop in Gujarat, India." Asian Research Journal of Agriculture 17, no. 4 (2024): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/arja/2024/v17i4510.

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The study aimed to identify mutation points and analyze trends in wheat cultivation in Gujarat from 1973-74 to 2022-23 using time series data on wheat area, production, and yield obtained from the CMIE. Non-parametric methods, including Pettitt’s test, the Standard Normal Homogeneity (SNH) test, and Buishand’s range test, were employed to identify mutation points. Sen's slope estimator measured trend magnitude, while the Mann-Kendall test assessed statistical significance. Results revealed 2004 as a key mutation point for wheat area, according to the Buishand range and SNH tests. The year 2002

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Iresh, A. D. S., B. C. L. Athapattu, W. C. D. K. Fernando, and Jayantha Obeysekera. "Analysis of Long-Term Seasonal Rainfall Trends in Sri Lanka after Eliminating the Serial Correlation Effect." Engineer: Journal of the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka 58, no. 1 (2025): 71–84. https://doi.org/10.4038/engineer.v58i1.7679.

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This research analyzed the annual and seasonal rainfall trends in Sri Lanka. It used daily rainfall data from 266 rain gauge stations across the island, covering 60 years from 1960 to 2020. A trend-free pre-whitening method utilizing Mann-Kendall's nonparametric trend test and Sen's slope estimator was employed for the analysis. This technique helped remove the data's correlation effects and estimate clear trends. The results showed that rainfall trends vary by region and season. The Kalu, Kelani, Nilwala, Attanagalu, Deduru Oya, and Upper Mahaweli basins in the central hills experienced a mil

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Latrech, Basma, Hiba Ghazouani, Lasram Asma, Boutheina M. Douh, Mansour Mohsen, and Abdelhamid Boujelben. "Long-term trend analysis of climatic variables and reference evapotranspiration over different urban areas in Tunisia." Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences 6, no. 12 (2019): 189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.21472/bjbs.061218.

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In this study, the trend analysis of annual climatic variables including Tmax, Tmin, Tmean, RHmean, WS and SR as well as FAO-56 PM ET0 were investigated in three locations in Tunisia during 1984-2007. The Mann-Kendall Test, the Sen's Slope Estimator and linear regression tests were used for the analysis. The obtained results showed a significant increasing trends (a < 0.001) and (a < 0.01) in annual Tmax, Tmin and Tmean at all the considered locations. However, Tmin increase faster than Tmax with a slope of magnitudes ranging between 0.057 to 0.1 oC year-1. For RHmean, a non-significant

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DATTA, DEBARATI, SAON BANERJEE, GOURANGA KAR, SOURAV GHOSH, and SARATHI SAHA. "Spatio-temporal dynamics of temperature and rainfall across jute growing districts of India." MAUSAM 73, no. 2 (2022): 373–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v73i2.569.

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Climate variations in relation to meteorological variables has received global attention and thus study of the spatiotemporal dynamics of temperature, rainfall is the central process to assess climate-induced changes and advocate feasible adaptation strategies. The present study examines changes in rainfall and temperature over 5 important jute growing districts of West Bengal, India. Both rainfall and temperature trend for period of 1980-2019 were analysed using Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator. Analysis of the data for 39 years revealed that while Howrah and Hooghly district had d

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Mohd Wani, John, V. K. Sarda, and Sanjay K. Jain. "Assessment of Trends and Variability of Rainfall and Temperature for the District of Mandi in Himachal Pradesh, India." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 25, no. 3 (2017): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjce-2017-0014.

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Abstract Climate variability, particularly, that of the annual air temperature and precipitation, has received a great deal of attention worldwide. The magnitude of the variability of the factors changes according to the locations. The present study focuses on detecting the trends and variability in the annual temperature and rainfall for the district of Mandi in Himachal Pradesh, India. This study used annual and monsoon time series data for the time period 1981-2010 and modified the Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator in analyzing the problem. The results of the analysis indicate tha

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Singh, Rohit, Animesh Chandravanshi, Sanjeev Gurjar, B. Saxena, and Kanta Kumar Sahu. "Trend Analysis of Rainfall Patterns in Rajnandgaon District, Chhattisgarh, India." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 9 (2023): 3553–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i92607.

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Climate is a crucial determinant of an area's vegetation, wildlife, and livability, influenced by long-term atmospheric characteristics and fluctuations. Precipitation, particularly rainfall, plays a vital role in the Earth's hydrological cycle, connecting weather, climate, and water resources. This study focuses on Rajnandgaon district in Chhattisgarh, India, with an average annual precipitation of 1274mm. Analyzing trends, we identify changes in certain properties over time. The findings indicate that rainfall variability, measured by the coefficient of variation, is lowest during June to Se

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Joshi, Janak P., and Bindu Bhatt. "Time Series Trend Analysis of Temperature and Rainfall Using Mann-Kendall Method: A Study of Vadodara City, Gujarat, India." Asian Journal of Geographical Research 7, no. 2 (2024): 123–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2236.

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Aims: This study aimed to quantify the variability of monthly temperature and precipitation patterns on a local scale within Vadodara city, Gujarat, India. Study Design and Data: A retrospective analysis was employed, utilizing historical weather data encompassing a 37-year period from 1981 to 2017 for Vadodara city. The data included monthly minimum and maximum temperatures (TMIN and TMAX) alongside monthly precipitation totals. Methodology: Non-parametric statistical techniques were implemented to analyze the trends within the temperature and precipitation data. The Mann-Kendall (MK) test wa

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Akhtar, Seemab, and Mariya Hasnat. "Spatiotemporal & Geostatistical Modelling of Groundwater Level Depth Over Haryana-Punjab, India." Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International 27, no. 11 (2023): 95–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jgeesi/2023/v27i11728.

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The present study focuses on the Haryana and Punjab regions of the Indus basin, India. The study aims to analyze the long-term spatial-temporal changes in the groundwater level from 1996 to 2019. The modelling study involves a twofold objective. First, the ordinary kriging method estimates and evaluates spatial and temporal variations in groundwater level depth (surface-to-water level). Second, the study applies a pixel-based Mann-Kendall trend analysis. The point kriging cross-validation (PKCV) results are optimum, acceptable, and supports the unbiasedness hypothesis of kriging. The trend, si

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Aher, Madhura Chetan, and S. M. Yadav. "Assessment of rainfall trend and variability of semi-arid regions of Upper and Middle Godavari basin, India." Journal of Water and Climate Change 12, no. 8 (2021): 3992–4006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2021.044.

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Abstract Study of rainfall pattern and trend in the long term is essential from climatic change and socioeconomic perspectives. In the present study, monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall of semi-arid regions (Madhya Maharashtra, Marahwada and Vidarbha) of the Godavari basin is evaluated for the period of 1871–2016. The innovative trend analysis (ITA), Mann–Kendall test (MK) and Sen's slope estimator methods are used to check gradual change. A significant increasing or decreasing trend is not detected in the seasonal and annual rainfall series for any of the regions. The rainfall variability i

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Theng Hue, Hui, Jing Lin Ng, Yuk Feng Huang, and Yi Xun Tan. "Evaluation of temporal variability and stationarity of potential evapotranspiration in Peninsular Malaysia." Water Supply 22, no. 2 (2021): 1360–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.343.

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Abstract Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) functions as an indicator to estimate the amount of water loss to the atmosphere. Over the years, global climate change has eventually led to a change of PET capacity and this has affected the agricultural sector and water resource management. The objective of this study was to determine the best PET estimation method as well as to carry out a trend analysis and stationarity test of PET in Peninsular Malaysia. The Mann–Kendall (MK) test and Sen's slope estimator were applied for the trend analysis while the Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) test and Kwia

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Marwan B. I.Govay and Tariq Hama Karim Kaka Hama. "RAINFALL TIME SERIES ANALYSIS IN SEMIARID REGION OF DUHOK GOVERNORATE, IRAQI KURDISTAN REGION." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 56, no. 1 (2025): 578–91. https://doi.org/10.36103/5p5db041.

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This study was aimed to investigate data homogeneity, detect trend and changes in historical rainfall and forecast future rainfall pattern. Rainfall historical records taken from 22 gauging and non-gauging stations distributed all over Duhok governorate. The dataset includes long time series of monthly and annual rainfall totals (mm) from 1998 to 2020. To detect data variability, four different homogeneity tests were used. To analyze trends and sequential shifts in historical data, parametric and non-parametric tests were applied. Theil-Sen's slope estimator test was applied to calculate the m

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Sudarsan, Gayathri, and A. Lasitha. "Rainfall Trend analysis using Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope test estimation - A case study." E3S Web of Conferences 405 (2023): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340504013.

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In order to analyze the changing pattern of rainfall in one of the important district in Kerala, this study concentrated on a crucial meteorological variable: precipitation. Agriculture in this region depends on rain, but because it occurs erratically and without warning, it has an adverse impact on the cropping system and the availability of natural water resources. Non-parametric analysis was used to determine the monthly, seasonal, and annual rainfall variability (trend and slope magnitude) from rainfall data spanning 30 years (1989-2018) on a monthly basis. To determine the strength of a t

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Marhaento, Hero, Martijn J. Booij, and Arjen Y. Hoekstra. "Attribution of changes in stream flow to land use change and climate change in a mesoscale tropical catchment in Java, Indonesia." Hydrology Research 48, no. 4 (2016): 1143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2016.110.

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Changes in the stream flow of the Samin catchment (277.9 km2) in Java, Indonesia, have been attributed to land use change and climate change. Hydroclimatic data covering the period 1990–2013 and land use data acquired from Landsat satellite imageries for the years 1994 and 2013 were analysed. A quantitative measure is developed to attribute stream flow changes to land use and climate changes based on the changes in the proportion of excess water relative to changes in the proportion of excess energy. The results show that 72% of the increase in stream flow might be attributed to land use chang

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Chang, Xiaodong, Zongxue Xu, Gang Zhao, Tao Cheng, and Sulin Song. "Spatial and temporal variations of precipitation during 1979–2015 in Jinan City, China." Journal of Water and Climate Change 9, no. 3 (2017): 540–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2017.029.

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Abstract The spatiotemporal variation of precipitation significantly affects regional hydrological processes and the management of water resources worldwide, indirectly contributing to an aggravation in the frequency and intensity of extreme events, especially in urban areas. To analyze the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of precipitation during 1979–2015 in Jinan City, the China Meteorological Forcing Dataset and 12 precipitation-related indices are adopted and analyzed by using Mann–Kendall trend test, Sen's slope estimator and Pettitt test in this study. The results show that: (1)

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Phuong, Dang Nguyen Dong, Vu Thuy Linh, Tran Thong Nhat, Ho Minh Dung, and Nguyen Kim Loi. "Spatiotemporal variability of annual and seasonal rainfall time series in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam." Journal of Water and Climate Change 10, no. 3 (2018): 658–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.115.

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Abstract This study analyzed spatial and temporal patterns of rainfall time series from 14 proportionally distributed stations in Ho Chi Minh City for the period 1980–2016. Both parametric and nonparametric approaches, specifically, linear regression, the Mann–Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator, were applied to detect and estimate the annual and seasonal trends after using original and notched boxplots for the preliminary interpretation. The outcomes showed high domination of positive trends in the annual and seasonal rainfall time series over the 37-year period, but most statistically sig

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Bong, C. H. J., and J. Richard. "Drought and climate change assessment using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for Sarawak River Basin." Journal of Water and Climate Change 11, no. 4 (2019): 956–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2019.036.

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Abstract Severe droughts in the year 1998 and 2014 in Sarawak due to the strong El Niño has impacted the water supply and irrigated agriculture. In this study, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was used for drought identification and monitoring in Sarawak River Basin. Using monthly precipitation data between the year 1975 and 2016 for 15 rainfall stations in the basin, the drought index values were obtained for the time scale of three, six and nine months. Rainfall trend for the years in study was also assessed using the Mann–Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator and compared with th

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Abbas, Sohail, Safdar Ali Shirazi, Nausheen Mazhar, Kashif Mahmood, and Ashfak Ahmad Khan. "Spatial and Temporal Variations of Temperature in the Punjab Province, Pakistan." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 12, no. 1 (2021): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.vol12.iss1.2021.564.

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Identifying the temperature change at a regional level is one of the essential parameters to determine the intensity of climate change. The current investigation provides an examination of changing trends of temperature in the Punjab province from 1970 to 2019. Sen's slope estimator method is applied to monthly data of mean temperature (Tmean), maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin) to calculate the rate of temperature change. Statistical methods were used to find out the level of significance in terms of negative or positive trends to examine the variability among various

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