Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sénégal (sud)'
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Mane, Albert. "Approche de la culture balant (moyenne et basse Casamance, sud Sénégal) : société, maladie, thérapie, pouvoir." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05H029.
Full textThe ethnological name "Balant" is not a Senegalese speciality. We also meet "balant" people in Guinea-Bissau. Therefore concerning the ground the research worker is in the presence of one vast social entirety which cultural disparity has incited without any doubt the authors of colonial documents to diverse types of approaches. On the map the "Casamance" region was a kind of southern annexed confined between Gambia and Guinea-Bissau. This spacious region of south Senegal has given birth to two new regions: Ziguinchor and Kolda. The motive of this study is consecutive to the circumstances of our father's disease, who has been down with a cerebral tumour, in 1972. The different modern and traditional courses of treatments he had to follow before to regain health have brought us to centre its interest on three principal axises: disease, health, therapy, among the "bi-jaa" an under-group of the "Balant" people. It draws a certain number of typical common points of the cure in traditional Africa at one and the same time situates the traditional medicine in indigenous or "animistic" circle to an impact point between the knowledge and the faith. It had try to encircle the interpretation of disease and therapeutic rites, the political and economic system, the rites and collective ceremonies, the certain sights of social life and of the power idea among the "bi-jaa" people of "Casamance"
Diaw, Diadié. "Économies émergentes d’Asie et commerce Sud-Sud : application au cas du Sénégal." Rouen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ROUED005.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to analyse the role played by the Asian emerging countries in South-South trade. It tries to capture specificities that may arise from trade between Sub-Saharan Africa and the Developing Asia. Moreover, it addresses the determinants of export performance in the southern countries and the externalities provided by the Asian developing countries on the expansion of trade in Sub-Saharan Africa. It shows that for all African countries, South-South trade is expanding either regionally or in relation to the Developing Asia. Using the case study of Senegal, we notice that initial trade with developed countries is getting weaker relative to trade with Southern countries. This thesis shows new evidence about demand externalities and knowledge transmissions that developing countries can get from South-South trade. So, South-South trade may influence countries’ export performance better than other trade orientation. But, even though South-South trade is growing very fast since the beginning of the new millennium, important structural problems remain (mainly for the African countries) and tend to hinder gains from trade opportunities. This thesis insists on the fact that developing countries must take more supply oriented policies in order to better capture opportunities in South-South trade linkages
Sow, Mamadou Daye. "Les transformations urbaines dans les villes du sud : l'exemple de Saint-Louis du Sénégal." Toulouse 2, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00007145.
Full textFacing problems, a new era of governance began in Saint-Louis in 1996. This era is defined by Saint-Louis new competences on land use, citizen participation in urban governance and the capacity of Saint-Louis to mobilize actors beyond local boundaries. The purpose of this research is to show that the city is in the heart of development issues. The state decentralization process encourages the local governments to make inhabitants and non-profit organizations to participate in the thought over the city. In Saint-Louis, the participation is analysed through the “Assises de Saint-Louis” (Saint-Louis public hearings), participative observation in two neighbourhoods (Diamaguène et Léona) and in the “Groupements d'Intérêt Economique” (Economic Interest Group) in charge of waste management
Kane, Isabelle Céline. "La valorisation du prélèvement végétal : un pari écologique et économique pour le monde paysan en milieu sud-soudanien sénégalais." Lyon 3, 2006. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2006_in_kane_ic.pdf.
Full textThe South Sudanese environment is one of the few areas in Senegal still preserved and rich in vegetal resources but also one of the poorest rural areas of the country. Commercial agriculture, which was promoted solely to support and develop these areas, has been accumulating problems. Confronted with these lasting economic setbacks, there is a need to exploit other means of development for the region as well as develop other sectors such as gathering, which is already a major help to the peasants' lifestyle. Therefore this study wishes to analyse the current role of vegetal gathering in the peasants' life's systems and also the developing prospects offered in the South Sudanese area in Senegal. What matters is to show at this point that the rural development is not the monopoly of the commercial agriculture and that these activities rich in economical and environmental potentials have also their interest in the major politics of rural development
Sané, Tidiane. "Vulnérabilité et adaptabilité des systèmes agraires à la variabilité climatique et aux changements sociaux en Basse-Casamance (Sud-Ouest du Sénégal)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC155/document.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to analyze vulnerability and adaptability of agrarian systems face to climate variability and social changes in Basse-Casamance, a region where rice growing is a multi-decade. The study focuses on an important aspect of rural development in a context of armed conflict and raises the issue of the dynamics of these systems, which have become an environmental, socio-cultural, economic and political issue. It emphasizes the relationship between the Diola peasant and his environment, through a remarkably ingenious agricultural management, which structuring reflects the deep appropriation of land and embodies a fundamental socio-spatial dimension of the "identity" of the region. Issued from a long social and societal history, from the ingenuity of techniques associated with the exploitation of the environment and the diversity of agrarian systems, rice growing in Basse-Casamance has been facing for more than forty years, multiple external forces, with decisive environmental and socio-economic consequences. The strong climatic variability (rainfall in particular), a key aspect in tropical environment, seems to be one of the triggers of the past and current environmental transformations observed in the region. It has led to other extreme events, with complex contours (high salinity of water and soil, soil acidity, siltation, etc.), therefore, rice growing in many plots of the region has become unpracticable. The magnitude of the changes is measured by a global and multi-scale approach in geography, which integrates both geomatics’ tools (Remote Sensing, GIS, statements of GPS points) and fieldwork (water and soil sampling, physico-chemical analyzes, direct observations, household surveys and people perceptions). This approach led to an important mapping of the observations from diachronic levels and revealed the major trends of the mutations over whole Basse-Casamance and on the scale of rice growing areas. The historical approach has led to a better understanding of the basis of this rice-growing and the conditions under which it is developing. This paradigm is greatly influenced by the public policies in terms of rice growing, implemented in Basse-Casamance, with a view of improving the livelihoods of the rural people. In many cases, however, they have proved to be ineffective and inefficient
Thiam, Mohamed. "Politiques de développement rural au Sénégal : l'exemple de l'élevage semi-nomade des Peul dans le sud-ouest du Ferlo : une activité en crise." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX23003.
Full textIn a sahel region of africa, animal production is first of all the business of the peul people; therefore trying to improve it means looking for a rise in a rise in the standard of living of this community. The south west of ferio is a zone of contact as well as a zone of permanent conflicts between the defenders of two systems of extensive production: one is pastoral supported by the4 peul, and the other is agriculture defended by the wolof and serer famers. The oppositions and rivalities provoked by these two systems strengthen the competition and the brawels between social groups. Now minority in the zone, the livestok rearers are loosers in the villages they have set up. Draught, overgrazing, the dispersion of livestock farmers, the lack of marketing infrastructures, of remunerative prices, of policies of planning together of rural organisation and development put the livestock into a state of quasi-perpetual crisis. Faced with this two-fold contraint of endemic as well as structural nature, the rearers have adoped adapta tive strategies to sustain their activity and for income resource diversification
Daye, Sow Mamadou. "Les transformations urbaines dans les villes du sud : l'exemple de Saint-Louis du Sénégal." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00007145.
Full textCette politique publique est interrogée dans le cadre de la gestion des déchets ménagers. Le jeu d'acteurs intervenant dans ce service urbain est mis en évidence grâce à l'étude des " Assises de Saint-Louis ", à l'exploitation d'enquêtes effectuées auprès des habitants de deux quartiers (Diamaguène et Léona) et au sein des GIE (Groupements d'Intérêt Économiques) impliqués dans la collecte et la gestion des ordures ménagères.
Sonko, Fatoumata Bernadette. "Les usages paradoxaux de la radio à travers les émissions interactives au Sénégal : les exemples de Sud-FM, de RFM et FM Awagna." Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30076.
Full textDieng, Omar. "Le sport dans les quotidiens généralistes sénégalais Le Soleil, Sud Quotidien et Walfadjri (1970-2012) : un tiraillement entre tradition et modernité ?" Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCC032.
Full textThis research work is based on the analysis of the Senegalese general dailies Le Soleil (1970-2012), Le Sud Quotidien (1984-2012) and Walfadjri (1984-2012). This study aims to describe the place of sport and bodily practices in Senegalese newspapers. In other words, it is a question of understanding how sport is represented, constructed and cultivated in this press in order to satisfy a very diverse public, gathering both intellectuals and illiterates. What tools do newspaper journalists have at their disposal to promote sports images and messages in Senegal? This research attempts to show that sport, conveyed by the largest post-colonial generalist dailies, evolves according to the political regimes that have followed one another in Senegal: since independence in 1960 under Senghor, through the presidency of Abdou Diouf and, finally, during the political alternation of Wade in the 2000s. Ultimately, this study intends to show that the journalists of these dailies appropriate, for example, the Senegalese wrestling in a perspective of promotion and recognition of the national identity and physical heritage. This cultural and traditional practice, appreciated by the population, is part of a very diverse range of sporting activities, which could finally reveal the general political, social and cultural positioning of a Senegal torn between modernity and tradition
Dieng, Moda. "Médiations africaines dans les conflits : le dynamisme diplomatique de l'Afrique du Sud et du Sénégal." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10082.
Full textThe relevance of this study on African mediation lies in this paradox : the rarity of documents relevant to the subject and the many actions of this type that are implemented throughout the continent. Affected by a growing number of civil conflicts, coups d'état and political crises, Africa attempts to find the right solutions somehow or other. Post-apartheid South Africa and Senegal are deeply committed to the prospect of africanization. Because they are not facing serious domestic security threats, and propelled by the impetus of their democratic progress, they enjoy a better image that States controlled by authoritarian regimes or torn apart by war. Armed with these advantages, these two countries have found themselves on the front lines in a large number of peace mediation initiatives. While Pretoria's importance can be partly justified by its status as an African power in the classic sens of the term, the same is not true of Dakar. The Senegalese posture is all the more remarkable in that the country, with its limited financial and natural resources in addition to a difficult sub-regional context, has experiences years of tension in Casamance. In addition to possessing disproportionate economic and military levels, South Africa and Senegal evolve in different sub-regional and linguistic spheres. The usefulness of material means emerges when the task ahead consists of supporting the costs of negotiation cycles, providing ex-protagonists with security guarantees, directing peacekeeping operations, etc. As far as the linguistic and/or geographic differences are concerned, these may be a structural factor in the perception of the intervening parties to the extent of imposing obstacles to the mediation process. But despite these difficulties, decisive progress supported by the international and African communities is happening here and there, and stands as a testimony to Africans' determination to stabilize their continent
Noblet, Mélinda. "L'adaptation au changement climatique en zone côtière au Canada et au Sénégal, une comparaison Nord-Sud." Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0042/document.
Full textThis thesis addresses the institutional and vernacular processes of adaptation to climate change in coastal areas. The purpose of this study is to challenge the generally accepted idea by the international community that the southern countries would be more vulnerable and able to cope with the negative impacts of the CC than the northern countries. Canada, a northern country considered developed and the Senegal a southern country perceived under development were selected as case studies. This thesis analyses the ways the problems of the climate and climatic vulnerability are perceived and managed by the Canadian and Senegalese societies and critically examines the actions taken at the title of adaptation. We chose to proceed within a constructivist perspective by establishing the framework of the analysis which concurrently combines the approaches multi-scalar, definitional, interactive and diachronic. From a methodological point of view, this thesis is based on a qualitative approach and privileges semi-directed interview and focus group. The results show that the climatic vulnerability is an international problem and the capacities to be adapted are equally weak in both countries. We have also observed that global warming and the problems it produces put under serious questions the methods of managing environmental issues and patterns of development in both sides north and south
N'Diaye, Marieme. "La politique constitutive au Sud : refonder le droit de la famille au Sénégal et au Maroc." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00881115.
Full textN'Diaye, Marième. "La politique constitutive au Sud : refonder le droit de la famille au Sénégal et au Maroc." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40019/document.
Full textIn Muslim countries, Family Law is a highly sensitive matter, which generates recurrent controversy, mainly polarised around Islamic and feminist positions. This is, for instance, what can be observed in Senegal and Morocco. In both countries, the legislator tried to mediate this tension by strengthening Women’s Rights within a text that conciliates Islamic imperatives and injunction to modernity. But this solution is far from receiving unanimous support.Taking the Family Law debate as a starting point, this work combines public policy studies and political sociology of law to analyse how the State tries to regulate the intimate sphere in order to be viewed as the sole domination apparatus within a context of strong normative pluralism. The comparison between the Moroccan and the Senegalese States - a comparison based on ‘dramatic contrasts’- allows to focus the analysis on the differences between the Morocco and Senegalese states in terms of capacity and legitimacy, and thus helps us in better understanding the specificity of state-institutionalisation processes in developing countries.In both cases, the State tries to take advantage from the controversy. It plays on the different normative systems and involves all the actors who acknowledge it as the legitimate arbitrator in order to keep and consolidate its power of law framing. Furthermore, in order to overcome the difficulties linked to law enforcement, the State relies on non-state actors to apply the law. This evidences and confirms the fact that Family Law is the result of a process of co-production. Even if State jurisprudence does not constitute the only normative order, but one amongst others, it nevertheless importantly influences individual behaviour on both the cognitive and the experiential levels. It thus reinforces the State’s pretention to constitute the ultimate political authority
MANLAY, Raphaël. "Dynamique de la matière organique à l'échelle d'un terroir agro-pastoral de savane ouest-africaine (sud-Sénégal)." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005770.
Full textLe terroir choisi était organisé en auréoles, avec une intensification croissante des pratiques de la périphérie (auréole de brousse) vers le village (champs de case).
Les stocks dans le système sol-plante étaient de 54,7 tC, 2,63 tN et 43,5 kgP ha-1 dans les jachères âgées, soit des croîts respectifs de 97, 29 et 251 % par rapport aux cultures de brousse (l'augmentation ayant lieu essentiellement dans la biomasse végétale). Les stocks mesurés dans le sol des champs de case étaient supérieurs à ceux des cultures de brousse, essentiellement dans l'horizon 0-10 cm. Cependant, la faible réponse globale des stocks de carbone des sols sableux à la jachère et à la fumure ne peut être interprétée qu'en réévaluant le rôle bio-thermodynamique joué par le carbone dans l'intégrité des agroécosystèmes locaux.
Les stocks moyens sur le terroir contrôlables par l'homme furent estimés à 29,7 tC, 1,52 tN and 28,6 kgP ha-1 en 1997. Le carbone était stocké surtout dans le sol. Elevage, récoltes et collecte de bois ont représenté respectivement 59, 27 et 14 % des prélèvements de carbone dans le terroir. Grâce à eux, des flux importants de carbone ont été établis vers les champs de case (3,8 tC ha-1 an-1), et les pertes minérales globales ont été estimées à 4 kgN et 1 kgP ha-1 an-1. Le terroir était donc proche de l'équilibre minéral.
Mais selon la dynamique démographique actuelle, la perte de carbone pourrait atteindre 0,38 tC ha-1 an-1, et la demande en carbone doubler durant les 30 prochaines années. Sans intensification des pratiques, ceci remettrait en cause la viabilité du système.
Badji, Seydou. "Le sud du Sénégal à l'heure de la culture irriguée de la banane : innovations agricoles et dynamiques territoriales." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H047/document.
Full textThis thesis examines dessert banana cropping development induced territorial dynamics in the southern Senegal region, characterized by highly rained-dependent production systems and by a marginalization of the major national development dynamics. As an intensive and market-oriented crop, this agricultural innovation raises the question of its adoption in rain-fed systems, and above all its economic profitability in an isolation context and its interactions with local development dynamics. To answer this question, this thesis was based on data obtained from qualitative surveys of various banana sector stakeholders (producers, traders, supervisors, intermediaries, etc.) and a careful analysis of the ongoing changes in southern Senegal. The thesis is thus articulated on three axes. The first axis shows that the natural and socioeconomic factors that led to the event of irrigated banana cropping stems from the marginal nature of the southern regions of Senegal. The second part analyzes its integration process into farmers' the productive strategies while emphasizing on produces' organizations, banana production practices and marketing dynamics. Finally, an analysis of the socio-economic and geographical effects of banana cropping innovation dynamic development in southern Senegal, substituting banana innovation at the center of the ongoing socio-economic and environmental reorganizations bath at the local and regional levels. This thesis is thus a contribution to the study of "development operations" in rural Africa and the development opportunities of marginalized areas in West Africa
Andrieu, Julien. "Dynamique des paysages dans les régions septentrionales des Rivières-du-Sud." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070062.
Full textNorthern regions of Southern-Rivers are studied on thirty years in order to describe landscape changes. This description aims to discuss about landscape degradation in West-Africa. A method, using different tools and disciplines of geography, has been created on that purpose. Salt marshes and continental spaces are two domains where flora and landscapes are; both different. On continental spaces, climatic gradient create a floristic continuum in which two floristic groups largely cross themselves while rural activities create the landscapes geography. In salt marshes, microtopography creates a common structure for both flora and landscape varying with water salinity and conversion of mangroves to rice paddies. Landscape structure changed a lot these thirty last years with 20% of space that at least lost or recovered wooden cover once. Though, these changes increased geographical structures already existing at the end of the 1970's. Phenological rhythms have known few variations in response to rainfall variations. Flora has probably known very few variations of distribution. Drought and economical changes transformed landscapes and rural uses on five studied villages. Decisions are an important in landscape changes observed in thirty years. Studies shown that main landscape changes aren't made of degradations as new landscapes structures offer in 4 situations on five, equal or better ecological services
Niane, Seydi Diamil. "Le conflit idéologique entre le wahhabisme et la confrérie soufie Tijāniyya au sud du Sahara : le Sénégal en exemple." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAC024.
Full textDuring decades, the international academic sphere has portrayed Senegal as a country exclusively sectarian in which the marabou would have some authority on his disciples. However, over the past few years researchers noticed an evolution of the religious practices in Senegal due to the arrival of new reformist currents such as Wahhabism. As a matter of fact the encounter between Wahhabism and the sufi brotherhoods triggered a doctrinal debate and an ideological shock. In this clash, the Tijāniyya is the first target of the criticisms. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to analyse this ideological conflict between Wahabism and the Tijāniyya in the South of the Sahara, focussing on Senegal. This work will answer the following questions: what are the main sticking points between the two ideological trends? How do the wahhabist and tijānī scholars tackle those issues? To what extent do those ideological disagreements appear in the literature under study? What are the strategies used by the figures of those two groups to expand their power in the sub-Saharan areas, and more specifically in Senegal?
Dieye, Papa Nouhine. "Arrangements contractuels et performances des marchés du lait local au sud du Sénégal : les petites entreprises de transformation face aux incertitudes de l'approvisionnement." Montpellier, ENSA, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NSAMA013.
Full textSanka, Jean-Louis. "Frontières, politiques, dynamiques territoriales et environnement en Afrique de l'Ouest : le cas des Rivières du Sud : Gambie, Casamance (Sénégal), Guinée Bissau, Guinée Conakry." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30045.
Full textThe territorial and regionalization question become two central paradigms for the political powers and the specialists of the human and social sciences. In Africa, the link between these two realities refers inevitably to territories, identities, States, globalization and to the development of news phenomena (trans-nationalization). For the researchers, the study of these phenomena raises a whole series of conceptual and methodological preoccupations, while for the decision-makers; it refers to geopolitical and economic opportunities. In the territorial question, the arrangement worries are translated by town and country planning policies known under the name of "communitary", and those of responsibility and liberties are traduced by the policies of free movement of people and goods, the harmonization of the standards. In terms of regionalization processes, the question of the scales and models of intervention to be promoted is more than alarming after the failure of what is called integration from the bottom. The socioeconomic changes in contemporary Africa lead societies to do make new link between the local and global situations without crossing by the formerly necessary national stage. These are two spatial dimensions that are found perfectly in western Africa, both fragmented and advanced integration space. Africa is also a continent where the border areas play important economic and social role more than political one. Can the socio-economic activity consequently involve the policy? Border areas which are also rich shambles, grouping a multitude of actors, play this role. The border itself is in constant transformation. The changes which it undergoes are of different levels: social, economic, political and even geographical. Trade, movements, social and cultural links are the factual elements that cause the decomposition of the border. They are invariants that are empirically observed first. The synergy between networks and the territorialities is an advantage for trade and regionalization from below
Ndiaye, Mamadou. "Contribution des légumineuses arbustives à l'alimentation azotée du maïs (Zea mays l. ) : cas d'un système de culture en allées dans le centre-sud Sénégal." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1997_NDIAYE_M.pdf.
Full textSarrassat, Sophie. "Mise en place des combinaisons thérapeutiques à base d'artémisinine pour traiter le paludisme simple : de la théorie à la pratique : exemple de la zone d'Oussouye, Basse Casamance, sud ouest du Sénégal." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066550.
Full textOllier, Camille. "Cultiver l'absence : trajectoires et relations paysagères en pays Diola (Basse Casamance - Sénégal méridional)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 2, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LYO20100.
Full textRice fields and rice-growing practices in Lower Casamance (southern Senegal) are as striking for their presence as for their absence. Or rather, they are striking because of their decline, in a context marked by major agro-ecological changes, but also by rural and agricultural abandonment and labour migration. These declines call into question the evolution of the region's historic landscapes, divided between rice fields and villages sheltered under the forest. Since the 1960s, geography studies have consistently shown the extent to which Diola society has been affected by major climatic upheavals. Anthropologists have emphasised the socio-economic changes in lifestyles, and in particular the urban migrations - whether permanent or long-term - that have helped to replace family food-producing agrosystems with societies that are fully integrated into the logic of employment and globalised food practices. What remained to examine was the very large scale, to compare it with the regional logics already described, as well as the local point of view on these upheavals. Few studies are based on extensive ethnographic data, and the Diola point of view on landscape changes has only been the focus of attention in the recent years. This study explores the notion of landscape trajectory, bringing together the contributions of traditional landscape analysis in geography and those of social anthropology via ethnographic methods. Diachronic analysis of satellite images (2003 and 2021) allows to map land use changes in two villages, and clearly shows the extent to which the environmental and socio-economic factors at work are transforming rice-growing landscapes on a very large scale. The surveys, as well as the toponymic study, made it possible to take into account both the current state of the landscapes and the memory of their past states. The qualitative treatment of the interviews and biographical surveys provided major counterpoints to this interpretation based on agro-ecological trajectories. The ethnographic survey highlighted the extent to which rice-growing was both a highly variable practice and a central cultural invariant in family and social organisation.Taking on board the local point of view and the indigenous discourse greatly complicates a landscape analysis based, at first sight, on the materiality of spaces and the temporality of their transformations. The new ways in which the Diola live, work and move around, as well as the changing way in which each individual projects him- or herself within the group, mean that it is no longer the changes in the landscape that need to be examined, but rather the changing timescales according to which individuals live, work or abandon the spaces in question. Landscape trajectories then no longer refer to the dynamics of the material spaces seen and experienced, but to the different ways and timescales in which individuals project themselves into the world.By cultivating absence, the Diola are not ceasing to cultivate rice, or even to form a group. On the contrary, the social dynamics, past and present, individual and collective, show that objects understood as traditional (rice-growing and the associated landscapes) are constantly being reinvested, reworked and reshaped by the environmental, socio-economic and family context. Against the idea of an inexorable degradation of landscapes and ancient agricultural practices, this thesis proposes to combine the contributions of geography and anthropology in order to reinterrogate the notions of landscape trajectories and temporalities, and thus to understand them as individual, relational, phenomenological and resolutely complex objects
Ndoye, Siny. "Fonctionnement dynamique du centre d'upwelling Sud-Sénégalais : approche par la modélisation réaliste et l'analyse d'observations satellite de température de surface de la mer." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2016PA066372.pdf.
Full textThe southern end of the Canary current system comprises of an original upwelling center that has so far received little attention. This Ph.D. Thesis focuses on the dynamical functioning of the Southern Senegal-Gambia Upwelling Center (SSUC). We are interested in the upwelling circulation and thermohaline structure on the shelf between the coastline and 100-200 km offshore. Our focus is on the upwelling period (November to May). The main originality of the SSUC compared to other upwelling centers stems from its continental shelf that is broad and shallow (20–30 m over tens of kilometers). The normal state of the system comprises the classical upwelling front but also a well-defined inner-shelf front that separates cold upwelled waters from nearshore warmer waters. We investigate its dynamical functioning using analysed satellite images, in situ data and state-of-theart 3D numerical simulations. Through a fine-scale analysis of the physical conditions of the SSUC, this work poses the basis of an integrated approach to the Senegalese marine environment functioning. A first part of results is based on the careful examinations and analysis of over 1500 satellite images of sea surface temperature scenes contextualized with respect to wind conditions. Analysis confirm the regularity and stability of the SSUC dynamical functioning (as manifested by the recurrence and persistence of particular SST patterns). The analysis also reveal subtle aspects of its upwelling structure : shelf break cooling of surface waters consistent with internal tide breaking/mixing ; complex interplay between local upwelling and the Mauritanian current off the Cape Verde headland ; complexity of the inner-shelf/mid shelf frontal transition. The amplitude of the diurnal cycle suggests that large uncertainties exist in the SSUC heat budget. The studies limitations underscore the need for continuous in situ measurement in the SSUC, particularly of winds. The dynamical functioning of SSUC is also investigated by means of numerical simulations, using the hydrodynamical Regional Ocean Modeling System ROMS (_x _ 2 km). Different simulations have been carried with varying forcings (climatological or synoptic wind ; fine-scale adjustments of heat flux in coastal area ; presence or absence of tides). Numerical solutions show a good agreement with available satellite and in situ observations . These solutions clarify the dynamical functioning of the system especially in terms of circulation, location of cold water upwelling but also fate of upwelled water through a Lagrangian analysis. We show in particular that the northern part of the SSUC is the main upwelling area. Waters that upwelled in this area predominantly come from the southern of the SSUC, through advection by the Mauritanian current. Lagrangian analysis also revealed the dynamics associated with the coastal area of nursery and nuance the conceptual retention scheme previously admitted. The sensitivity of the dynamics of SSUC to atmospheric forcings is modest with nevertheless some modulations of the cross-shore exchanges that may be important to the ecosystem
Bassene, Olivier Aghandoul. "L'évolution des mangroves de la Basse Casamance au Sud du Sénégal au cours des 60 dernières années : surexploitation des ressources, pression urbaine, et tentatives de mise en place d'une gestion durable." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSES040/document.
Full textDegradation of mangroves in Casamance has been strongly influenced by physical constraints. But it is urban sprawl due to population growth, the sharp drawdown of its resources by the population and the implementation of inadequate technical facilities to which accentuated its destruction.The analysis of the history of the uses of this ecosystem, its perception by people of diverse origins, changes in land laws and the specific political context in the region explainalso this situation. It is thus noted that over the years the peri-urban mangrove Ziguinchor keeps losing surfaces. Yet since the 1990s, the beginning of the growing awareness of its importance ecosystem led to the multiplication of projects from development and environmental protection agencies to curb this phenomenon. It appears however as a result of investigations carried out on the ground with the population and operators of these development initiatives including reforestation of mangroves have not always had the desired results, and that because of their low acceptability social, the existence of large disparities in the performance of work and in the allocation of labor resources.Given these difficulties, work tracks are proposed including a Geographic Information System (GIS) which allows for an update on changes in land use.This work provides insight into the changes in land use, including mangrove populations with changing practices and increasing needs. It also helps to have a database onthe development of ground units in the area peri-urban Ziguinchor
Guérillot, Géraldine. "La réception des discours de développement durable et d'actions de responsabilité sociale des entreprises dans les pays du Sud : le cas d'un don d'ordinateurs au Sénégal dans le cadre d'un projet tripartite de solidarité numérique." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00873627.
Full textPalmieri, Joelle. "Genre et société numérique colonialitaire - Effets politiques des usages de l'Internet par des organisations de femmes ou féministes en contexte de domination masculine et colonialitaire : les cas de l'Afrique du Sud et du Sénégal." Phd thesis, Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00709266.
Full textPalmieri, Joelle. "Genre et société numérique colonialitaire : effets politiques des usages de l'internet par des organisation de femmes ou féministes en contexte de domination masculine et colonialitaire : les cas de l'Afrique du Sud et du Sénégal." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00881026.
Full textPalmieri, Joëlle Sylvie. "Genre et société numérique colonialitaire : effets politiques des usages de l'internet par des organisation de femmes ou féministes en contexte de domination masculine et colonialitaire : les cas de l'Afrique du Sud et du Sénégal." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40056/document.
Full textWith our initial intention to be liberated from the definitions — technical, technocratic or thoseemanating from the sociology of the social appropriation of ICT uses — in order to analyze the usage of theInternet in women’s and feminist organizations in Africa, we focused in this thesis on theoretical workrelating to patriarchy and the coloniality of power (totality of social relations characterized by subalternity —hierarchization between the dominants and the dominated — produced by the expansion of capitalism.) Thisposition enabled us to establish a working analytical framework without imposing Western, South Americanor Asian theoretical analyses on Africa. It also facilitated how we expressed the problematic of therelationship between male domination and the domination inherent in the coloniality of power, which wehave called “colonialtairian” in the context of globalization and hypermodernity. The differentiatedmanifestations of this relationship in South Africa and Senegal helped us delineate the field and contextwithin which local women’s or feminist organizations use or don’t use the Internet. Comparing theirrepresentations within the conceptual framework proved edifying and indispensable in determining thepoliticization of their use. It thus became apparent that among the information and communicationtechnologies, the Internet crystallizes one means by which the “Information Society” is both the product andthe production of a hypermodern globalization in which the systems of coloniality of power and patriarchyfunction conjointly. This conjunction is clearly evidenced both theoretically and empirically. Especiallynoteworthy is that the epistemology used in this context reconnects to traditionalistic, nationalistic,paternalistic and male constructions of knowledge echoing what this tool facilitates: a rapid increase of theappropriation of women’s bodies, the dominants’ rhetorical and political grandstanding, theinstitutionalization of concepts, the Westernization of thought, privatization in all sectors and criss-crossingcompetition throughout the West, the Far East and Middle East in economic, political, socio-cultural andreligious areas. It then appeared that gender inequalities worsen at the same time as sexual identities on alllevels (state, institutions, population) are buried away, while differentiated “race” and class relationshipsbecome more pronounced
Angey, Gabrielle. "Le mouvement Gülen entre la Turquie et l’Afrique subsaharienne : expériences croisées d'une institution transnationale." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0094.
Full textThe goal of this work is to analyze the ways a Muslim group coming from Turkey, relying upon a culture of secret, informal bonds and social action, institutionnalizes itself through transnational expansion. Through a study connecting Turkey, South Africa, Senegal and Kenya, our aim is to understand how the transnational expansion towards Subsaharan Africa and the encounters it creates between Tuks and Africans both reveals and recomposes the logics of the institution
Ndoye, Siny. "Fonctionnement dynamique du centre d'upwelling Sud-Sénégalais : approche par la modélisation réaliste et l'analyse d'observations satellite de température de surface de la mer." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066372/document.
Full textThe southern end of the Canary current system comprises of an original upwelling center that has so far received little attention. This Ph.D. Thesis focuses on the dynamical functioning of the Southern Senegal-Gambia Upwelling Center (SSUC). We are interested in the upwelling circulation and thermohaline structure on the shelf between the coastline and 100-200 km offshore. Our focus is on the upwelling period (November to May). The main originality of the SSUC compared to other upwelling centers stems from its continental shelf that is broad and shallow (20–30 m over tens of kilometers). The normal state of the system comprises the classical upwelling front but also a well-defined inner-shelf front that separates cold upwelled waters from nearshore warmer waters. We investigate its dynamical functioning using analysed satellite images, in situ data and state-of-theart 3D numerical simulations. Through a fine-scale analysis of the physical conditions of the SSUC, this work poses the basis of an integrated approach to the Senegalese marine environment functioning. A first part of results is based on the careful examinations and analysis of over 1500 satellite images of sea surface temperature scenes contextualized with respect to wind conditions. Analysis confirm the regularity and stability of the SSUC dynamical functioning (as manifested by the recurrence and persistence of particular SST patterns). The analysis also reveal subtle aspects of its upwelling structure : shelf break cooling of surface waters consistent with internal tide breaking/mixing ; complex interplay between local upwelling and the Mauritanian current off the Cape Verde headland ; complexity of the inner-shelf/mid shelf frontal transition. The amplitude of the diurnal cycle suggests that large uncertainties exist in the SSUC heat budget. The studies limitations underscore the need for continuous in situ measurement in the SSUC, particularly of winds. The dynamical functioning of SSUC is also investigated by means of numerical simulations, using the hydrodynamical Regional Ocean Modeling System ROMS (_x _ 2 km). Different simulations have been carried with varying forcings (climatological or synoptic wind ; fine-scale adjustments of heat flux in coastal area ; presence or absence of tides). Numerical solutions show a good agreement with available satellite and in situ observations . These solutions clarify the dynamical functioning of the system especially in terms of circulation, location of cold water upwelling but also fate of upwelled water through a Lagrangian analysis. We show in particular that the northern part of the SSUC is the main upwelling area. Waters that upwelled in this area predominantly come from the southern of the SSUC, through advection by the Mauritanian current. Lagrangian analysis also revealed the dynamics associated with the coastal area of nursery and nuance the conceptual retention scheme previously admitted. The sensitivity of the dynamics of SSUC to atmospheric forcings is modest with nevertheless some modulations of the cross-shore exchanges that may be important to the ecosystem
Ndiaye, Abdourakhmane. "Changements climatiques : de la modélisation du phénomène à son éducation. Application au cas des enseignants sénégalais du primaire. Le climat, du savoir scientifique aux modèles d’intégration assignée (Integrated Assessements Models) 1 Environmental education to education for sustainability development : challenges and issues Education for sustainable development : a conceptual and methodological approach De l’éducation au développement durable (EDD) aux Objectifs du Développement Durable (ODD), de nouvelles prescriptions pour les pays du Sud ? Integrated assessment models and other climate policy tools Eduquer aux changements climatiques au Sénégal, une initiation au modèle REDOC via les représentations sociales." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAD007.
Full textOur research has been focused on clarifying the scope, characteristics and principles of Climate ChangeEducation for Sustainable Development (CCESD) in order to implement curricula. This issue is part ofa dual framework : an interdisciplinary approach (linking Climate Science, Economics and EducationSciences) and the integration of CCESD into the primary cycle of the Senegalese education system. Ourresearch methodology was based on two inputs : the dynamics of complex systems (Forrester, 1969,Morin, 1977, 1980) to provide knowledge and the REDOC model (Representations, EducationalApproach, Didactic Tools and Skills) to understand teachers’ representations. The results of our researchled us to identify two postulates, facilitating a CCESD. On the one hand, the register of knowledge thatmust be activated to implement CCESD (four types : scientific knowledge, institutional knowledge,measured knowledge and pedagogical knowledge). On the other hand, the analysis of learners'representations is a necessary and essential step to set up a diversified and complementary set ofpedagogies, develop appropriate didactic tools and propose a contextualised skills referenceframework. In our research, the representations of Senegalese primary school teachers were discussedon the basis of a survey. We highlighted their representations of sustainable development, climatechange or global warming. In the case of Senegal, we observed that the issue of climate change had tobe linked to other controversial issues in the school system : the status of teachers, the quality ofinfrastructure, the issue of public health, the problem of the lack of school canteens, etc. Another wayof reminding us that the goals of sustainable development (SGD) are systemic and that qualityeducation (SDG 4) can be a key driver for change
Fillol, Florie. "Relation entre l'état nutritionnel et le paludisme chez les jeunes enfants d'Afrique sub-saharienne vivant en zone de transmission saisonnière du paludisme." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20099.
Full textIn Africa, malnutrition and malaria remain major causes of childhood mortality. To better understand the interaction between these two affections, we have analysed data collected during an intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) of malaria trial conducted on preschool children. Our findings suggest that advertising on malaria and the basic medical services offered during the trial may have improved the height status of the children. We also investigated the impact of malnutrition on susceptibility to malaria. Our results show that, on one hand, wasting was associated with a decreased risk of having a subsequent clinical malaria attack and on the other hand, that specific antibodies (IgG) levels were significantly lower in stunted children compared to well-nourished ones. Altogether, these findings highlight the importance of integrating children nutritional status when defining malaria control interventions, particularly in the development of a malaria vaccine
Guyavarch, Emmanuelle. "Démographie et santé de la reproduction en Afrique sub-saharienne. Analyse des évolutions en cours : Une étude de cas : l'observatoire de population de Bandafassi (Sénégal)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MNHN0038.
Full textLocated in a rural area particularly disadvantaged in Senegal, the population of Bandafassi has experienced a very high level of mortality documented from the early 1970s to the mid-1980s and evidence indicates that infant and child mortality has began to decline at the end of the 1980s, due in particular to vaccinations. Fertility remains stable at the high level. Changes will be conditioned on the spread of voluntary birth control, a process which is still in its very early stages of initiation and susceptible to reversal as indicated by the result of an in-depth survey of contraceptive knowledge and practice
Bai, Christian Vreza. "L’édition littéraire dans deux pays d’Afrique francophone sub-saharienne: le Cameroun et le Sénégal." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11454.
Full textSawadogo, Germain. "Contribution à l'étude des conséquences nutritionnelles sub-Sahéliennes sur la biologie du zébu gobra au Sénégal." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT007A.
Full textBoltz, Marie. "Informal Redistribution and Savings in the Extended Family in Senegal." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0128.
Full textThis PhD dissertation aims at analyzing the effect of informal redistribution, taking mostly place within the extended family, on individuals' resource allocation choices in Sub-Saharan Africa. Indeed, in this region, due to limited access to markets for insurance, credit and savings, and to formal redistribution, individuals are vulnerable to life risks and economic shocks. To protect themselves against these risks, individuals rely mainly on two strategies: informal redistribution and informal savings. I analyze in this thesis how informal redistribution within the extended family affects individual savings decisions. The first chapter is based on an original qualitative survey conducted in Senegal in 2012 and propose a detailed analysis of the relationship between the transfer senders and the recipients within several family networks to understand the dynamics of resource sharing in the extended family and the social norms attached to these transfers. In the second Chapter, I investigate transfer patterns within a sibship and analyze how these patterns are related to saving decisions, using the nationally-representative ' Pauvrete et Structure Familiale' (PSF) suvey in Senegal. I find some evidence of high redistributive obligations that come generally at the cost of lower savings achieved for the main transfer senders. Based on an original lab experiment, in the third chapter, I highlight the widespread use of costly strategies aimed at circumventing these redistributive norms, namely income hiding. I identify the distortionary effects of such strategies on resource allocation decisions. In particular, I elicit a high willingness-to-pay to hide income from peers in the lab and show that hidden income induce a lower share of the gains devoted to transfers out of the lab, compensated by an increase in personal expenses. Finally, in my last chapter, using the panel of individuals of the PSF survey, I show that monogamous wives, when facing a higher risk of becoming polygamous, invest in self-protective strategies by saving more and spending more on personal expenses and on the education of their children
Diop, Pape Madické. "La motivation entrepreneuriale dans le contexte sub-saharien francophone." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00764110.
Full textLinnemayr, Sebastian. "Three essays on the interaction of human and physical capital in sub-Saharan Africa." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX24027.
Full textThis thesis contributes to the empirical basis of the relationship between health and wealth in developing countries. The first article investigates the impact of being a household affected by HIV/AIDS on the ability to smooth consumption. I find that households with a visibly sick member cannot smooth their consumption, indicating their precarious status concerning future shocks. The second article investigates the determinants of child malnutrition in three regions in Senegal, and finds that children of young mothers and children of mothers living in a household with an old household head have a lower nutritional status. I also find that NGOs have the potential to alleviate this precarious nutritional situation. In the third paper, I investigate the impact of a randomized nutrition intervention in Senegal, and find only weak evidence for the success of the intervention on child weight-for-age. Potential reasons for this finding are the relatively short intervention period that may have had an impact on service availability but not on child nutritional status
Ségalini, Céline. "Les professionnels de l'aide sénégalais : de la précarité au travail à la fragile légitimation de l'écologie dominante." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0404.
Full textSenegal is often looked on as an exception, to the point of being regularly hailed for its socio-politicalstability by an international community quite helpless in front of the troubles of African continent. Yet thistraditional view is far from accounting for the difficulties of the population. In fact the image of a stablecountry conceals an altogether different reality which reminds one of how precarity, and more particularlywork precarity, plays an important part in the lives of the Senegalese, including those who take part in thedevelopment of the public action financed by aid agencies. Such is the impression felt in the speeches ofSenegalese aid workers involved in a project of coastal zone management promoted by the World Bank inthe 2000s. To study the working out of this project provides an example which helps to understand theconsequences their precarity at work can have on the working of the aid-project – today the main form of aidin this country. More specifically it helps to understand how the standards of coastal zone managementpromoted by the World Bank agents are interpreted by these Senegalese people, and why they are justapprehended in speeches often disconnected from the very purpose of these standards. It seems that theirwork precarity has led them to pay more attention to the means of the project rather than to its ends, seekingthereby to improve their own work conditions and so their socio-economic situation
Ba, Awa. "Les Fonctions reconnues à l'agriculture intra et périurbaine (AIPU) dans le contexte dakarois ; caractérisation, analyse et diagnostic de durabilité de cette agriculture en vue de son intégration dans le projet urbain de Dakar (Sénégal)." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004646.
Full textKane, Khardiatou. "Documentation numérique en Afrique francophone subsaharienne : évaluation de l'offre et des usages en sciences humaines à l'Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CNAM1185/document.
Full textUniversity libraries in French-speaking African countries face a documentary supply challenge in a context of a lack of financial resources, an increase in the cost of documentation, and some inefficient organizational forms. This thesis aims at first, from surveys and collections of diverse data, to establish the state of the paper and digital documentary offer at the University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar, in SHS, highlighting points comparison with other Sub-Saharan Francophone Universities. The results are intended to quantify and qualify this offer, to point out new dynamics in the context of digital documentation with different types of actors. In addition, librarians seek to rely fully on Open Access, both in terms of access to resources and the value of local funds. Digital information is increasingly seen as the best way to meet the information needs of the university community at Dakar's Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD). Nevertheless, it is often confronted with problems of access to information but also of use of documentary resources. This research focuses, in a second part, to appreciate the uses of digital resources, in a comparative way between several disciplines at UCAD and between teachers and students. Recommendations are made to try to improve the documentary services in this University
Marazyan, Karine. "Effets du confiage sur les enfants hôtes en Afrique subsaharienne." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0049.
Full textThis PhD dissertation studies the effect of child fostering, which consists for parents of sending one of their children to another home, on host children's welfare in Cameroon and Senegal. The main channel through which an effect is expected is the variation of the amount of resources host parents invest in their own children. Such a variation depends crucially on the extent to which the costs linked to the caring of the foster ¬child are compensated. Therefore, to answer the question raised, we adopt an empirical approach. The latter is however challenged by one major issue: the potential selection of the host household. As a consequence, to estimate the effect of interest we implement two strategies: the instrumentation of the presence of a foster child in a household and the comparison within the same host household of different groups of biological children. We show that in Cameroon, host children are not affected in terms of their school enrolment by the presence of school-age girls fostered in by obligations. In Senegal, children do not seem either to be affected in terms of their probability to have ever been enrolled in a formai school by the presence of non-biological children. But it seems that girls are more likely to be currently enrolled in school if they grow up with a particular group of non-biological children: foster-children who are explicitly recognized as so and who are hosted potentially because of the reciprocity requirement of a past fostering exchange. As a conclusion, it seems that households are able to develop strategies ex-post or ex-ante to absorb the shock linked to the arrival of a foster-child
Akim, Al-mouksit. "Trois essais sur la migration, les transferts privés et le développement économique en Afrique Subsaharienne." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED047/document.
Full textThe three essays composing this thesis make contributions to the literature on the consequences of migration and private transfers on the economic development of the countries of origin of sub-Saharan Africa.The first essay evaluates the distributive impact of international and domestic transfersin Senegal. The results show that private transfers reduce income inequality in Senegal. This equalizing effect is mainly driven bydomestic transfers. The second essay examines the insurance function of migration in Mali. We find that migration acts as an insurance mechanism when the household suffers an idiosyncratic shock during the year. The third essay examines the link between the human capital of Senegalese migrants and their integration into the destination labor market. The results suggest that the probability of being in skilled employment given the level of education is lower in migration compared to Senegal. Although a priori distinct, the three essays have in common an approach that mobilizes household surveys and various microeconometric techniques to deal with the complexity of migration in order to improve the understanding of the consequences of migration on the economies of origines
Tandjigora, Abdou Karim. "L’évolution économique et sociale comparée de deux régions sénégalaises dans le processus de colonisation, décolonisation et développement : le boundou et le gadiaga, 1885-1980." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40040/document.
Full textThe economic and social evolution compared by two regions of Senegal in the process of decolonisation: Boundou and Gadiaga on 1885-1980This thesis is the analysis of the internal evolution of Boundou and Gadiaga (Eastern Senegal) whose economies have been little entitled to the colonial and postcolonial elites. The processes and mechanisms of marginalisation are so far softly reported regarding the Gadiaga’s area but this has not been considered in the case of Boundou, and indeed previous work exclusively restricted to the period of colonial domination and makes no “link” between the colonial and postcolonial manifestations of marginalisation.This exclusion of the overall economy of Senegal in many ways and any time is the result of the orientation of economic policies and low opportunities offered by public policies in certain areas. The factors of marginalisation of Boundou Gadiaga are basically structural order (lack of substantial investment and lack of vision and strategy on long run but weakness of sustainable economic approaches) and non-cyclical economic mechanism. Along the social aspects, the population undergoes heavily the economic consequences of the lackluster of the region, and the conditions entail the mass movement of population from rural to urban area (rural exodus) and the disruption of social structures, which increase the pressure of the economic on backwardness. It occurs on short run vicious circle of marginalisation since the accentuation of economic backwardness by social phenomena, encourages public authorities to push back investment’s programs or cancel it, by spotlighting the pretext of the declining population.The similarity of the economic condition between the “shared time” colonial and “owned time” postcolonial and the social behaviours considered induced effects does not allow the scheme management of the modern state of Senegal is simply the offshoot of colonial policy
Ouvrier, Mary-Ashley. "Anthropologie de la recherche médicale en milieu rural sénégalais." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32091.
Full textThis thesis documents the social dynamics that occur in a rural context in Senegal — the area of Toudinga— where essentially demographic and medical research have been held since 1964 by the IRD (Institut de recherche pour le développement) formerly Orstom (Office de la recherche scientifique dans les territoires d’outre-Mer). At the crossroads of medical anthropology and African ethnology and sociology of science and organizations, the theoretical position adopted in this thesis allows for the examination of numerous social aspects related to medical research in sub-Saharan Africa. This PhD deals with the social organisation of the area of Toudinga. It describes the representations of medical research and the interactions between the research professionnals and the inhabitants of the region and highlights the influence of historic, identity and instititional factors on the local construction of ethics. Futhermore, this work examines wider thematics related the anthropology of medical research such as the influence of the social context on the consentent collection (gender, age group, gift and conter-gift), the impact of medical research on local medical care and the analysis of blood stealing rumors
Grippa, Taïs. "Very‑high resolution earth observation data and open‑source solutions for mapping urban areas in sub-Saharan Africa. Implementation of an operational framework for production of geoinformation. Application on Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) and Dakar (Senegal)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/284464.
Full textOption Géographie du Doctorat en Sciences
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Nkoumou, Ngoa Brice Gaston. "Essais sur la ressource humaine en santé et l’utilisation des services de santé maternelle en Afrique sub-saharienne." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED081.
Full textThis thesis studies the effect of prices on the decisions of health professionals and the use of maternal health services in sub-Saharan Africa. The first two chapters are concerned with the effect of wages on the effort choices and the multiple job holding of health professionals. Based on data collected at the peripheral level of the Cameroonian health system (Yaoundé and Douala), it appears that wages in the main job have no significant effect on the effort choice and the multiple job holding of the health professionals. Thus, a policy of high wages appears insufficient to control the shirking behaviour and the multiple job holding phenomenon of health professionals in the sub-Saharan context. The third chapter analyzes the short-term impact of the free delivery and caesarean program on the use of maternal health services in Senegal. This evaluation does not show in a short-term any positive impact of the free-of-charge measure on the use of maternal health services. The hasty scaling-up of free-of-charge policies can be then questioned in this context
Lendrin, Helga. "Université Virtuelle Africaine : le paradoxe du processus d’industrialisation de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique Subsaharienne." Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COMP2627.
Full textWhy fund the deployment of a technology where, due to lack of infrastructure, it cannot physically function properly? If the objectives put forward by the World Bank, at the origin of the launch of the African Virtual University (AVU) in 1997, are to increase access to higher education in Africa coupled with economies of scale, the question arises as to what democratisation is hoped for when the means that should make it possible simply cannot function due to lack of infrastructure. This is evidenced by the failure of the AVU in economic and pedagogical terms (Loiret, 2007), in contrast to its continued development through its transformation into a pan-African intergovernmental organisation in 2002. Based on the concept of 'hypertelia' developed by Gilbert Simondon (1958) to designate the over-adaptation of a technical object in an environment unsuited to its functioning, this doctoral research proposes to understand the launch of the African Virtual University (AVU) as an anticipated introduction of ICTs and digital culture by the World Bank within traditional universities in sub-Saharan Africa, with the objective of commodising higher education. This objective is supported by the transformation of the AVU into an intergovernmental organisation which generates a myth (Barthes, 1957; Simondon, 1958) characterised by the separation of a primary form from its ideological background, which, thus liberated, can be attached to other forms, articulated to other backgrounds, and become a general trend. The AVU thus acquires a reason to be : to constitute a mythical form capable of conveying concepts that are transformed into tendencies in the form of structures
Lafortune, Julie. "Quelle articulation entre commerce équitable et responsabilité sociale pour une entreprise au Sud? : le cas d'une société cotonnière au Sénégal." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3632/1/M11609.pdf.
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