Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Senezhskai︠a︡ studii︠a︡'

In the first part this thesis deals with theory of information, particularly with characters that can have negative impact. It defines the processes and problems of information interpretation which are used in the next half. Consideration why interpretation is so individual for each of us is necessary for explaining how information can be translated in other sense than was the original. As a practical case, there is chosen one particular event from our history. It is political information, which has impacted, in a certain era, life in our republic. On this example I am analyzing, if this misinformation could be revealed and what was really misinterpreted. Work concentrates on main characteristics of this trial and next search for what was wrong with this interpretation in comparison with ideal interpretation. Following the evolution until this era, when the most of coherency is known. In the end, the methods and ways are proposed, how it is possible to discover the wrong interpretation and also disclose the resources of this historic event.

Work deals with methods of calibration of multi-center study of magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance is the phenomenon of the substance in a magnetic field of induction B0 delivers energy in the form of RF pulse with the Larmor frequency and thus to excite particles to higher energy levels. Calibration can be performed using the distinctive and homogeneous RF phantoms. Furthermore, we can perform calibration using image registration. To calibrate the images by registering the work described in the classical linear (affine) and nonlinear. Listed below are the simulators, which are also useful for modeling various artifacts.

L'enquête a présumé une étude minutieuse du squelette crânien, des membres et de la colonne vertébrale et leur analyse, en ensemble ou en fonction des zones d'intérêt. Alors, l'étude a présumé une connaissance de l'anatomie des os du squelette, pour déterminer les conditions mécaniques pour l'implantation. L'étude a eu besoin aussi, de l'analyse des principes de la théorie de modélisation en biomécanique. On a élaboré les modèles pour la mandibule, le fémur, la colonne vertébrale et aussi les appareils de fixation. L'optimisation des formes des implants métalliques varie, le choix du plus efficace type de montage pour l'ostéosynthèse et l'analyse des interactions biomécaniques complexes os-implant, représentent des problèmes de complexité à part. Les recherches ont été complétées par l'étude des caractéristiques de l'os, qui ont un rôle très important dans l'interaction os-implant pour l'ostéosynthèse. La thèse de doctorat concerne la conception, la réalisation et la certification d'une trousse des implants chirurgicaux pour le sytème osseux. Grâce aux résultats positifs après l'analyse mécanique virtuelle et expérimentale et les tests cliniques, la trousse des implants crânio-maxilo-faciales et le distracteur mandibulaire ont été certifiés par le Ministère de la santé (le certificat n°13/032/2220/04) et représente la première trousse d'implants conçus et réalisés en Roumanie
The research supposed a meticulous study and analysis of the head skeleton, the upper and lower limbs and spine, according to the zones of interest. The study assumed knowledge of the skeleton anatomy, in order to determine the mechanical implantation characteristics. Also the study asked for an analysis of the theoretical principles of biomechanical modelling. The models for the mandible , the femur, the spine and also for the medical fixation devices were realised. The shapes optimization of the metal implants, the choice of the most effective type of assembly for osteosynthesis and the analysis of the complex biomechanical interactions bone-implant, represent difficult problems. The research was completed by the study of the mechanical characteristics of the bone, which has a very important role in the interaction bone-implant fot osteosynthesis. The thesis of doctorate relates to the design, the manufacturing and the certification of a surgical implants set for the maxilo-facial surgery. Due both to the positive results obtained during the numerical and experimental analysis and the results of the clinical tests, the test of cranio-maxilo-facial implants and the mandible distractor were certified by the Ministry for health (the certificate n°13/032/2220/04) and represent one of the the first set of implants designed and manufactured in Romania

This master´s thesis deals with the analysis of experimental telemetrical ECG records with intention to determine the long-term influence of anticancer drug sunitinib on the electrical activity of heart. A laboratory rat was chosen as a model organism for the experimental study carried out at the Department of Physiology at Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk university. The sunitinib was applied to the rats at an early age and the ECG was measured with a 20-week delay using the Stellar telemetry system. To measure the effect of sunitinib on the electrical activity of the heart chambers, an analysis of the duration of the RR and QT interval and the width of the QRS complex was chosen. These parameters were detected by the wavelet transform method. Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric tests - the Wilcoxon signed rank test, the MannWhitney test and the Friedman Test. The obtained results suggest that the use of sunitinib has no long-term effect on the observed parameters for the chosen animal model. After extension of the study, the results obtained could contribute to assess the effect of drugs on electrical activity of the human heart several decades after sunitinib treatment termination.

Hue de Rotelande, poète anglo-normand dont l'activité littéraire se situe dans le dernier quart du XIIe siècle, est l'auteur de deux romans en vers, Ipomedon et Protheselaus. Souvent interrogés par la critique - bien qu'une étude d'ensemble sur l'œuvre de Hue fasse défaut - ces textes posent problème quant à leur classification et à leur interprétation. En effet, les ouvrages de Hue, que l'on ne peut tout à fait considérer ni comme des romans antiques ni comme des romans arthuriens, semblent n'être composés que d'épisodes empruntés à des récits contemporains. S'il est vrai que l'on retrouve des motifs et des personnages connus par ailleurs, Hue n'organise pas ses textes de la même manière que ses prédécesseurs. Sous un double rapport de dépendance et d'innovation, Hue s'approprie différents matériaux pour recomposer un monde romanesque, qui repose en grande partie sur la répétition et la variation des traditions littéraires. Puisque les textes de Hue empruntent et utilisent sans cesse l'espace et la matière d'autres romans, et se développent sur des codes déjà existants, il nous a paru nécessaire d'étudier la manière dont l'auteur ordonne ses compositions et établit un dialogue avec d'autres œuvres. Se plaçant sous le signe de la translatio studii et présentant ses ouvrages comme de simples traductions, Hue joue avec ses modèles référentiels qu'il vide de toute auctoritas. Il montre que cette tradition qui veut que les textes s'écrivent les uns sur les autres, le nouveau sur l'ancien, est de l'ordre du semblant (chapitre I). S'il construit ses textes sur le moule et les recettes du roman courtois, il remet en question les modalités de celui-ci afin de proposer une nouvelle conception courtoise qui donne à ses romans une tonalité égrillarde (chapitre II). Hue ne cesse de tenir un discours réflexif sur sa pratique d'écrivain de façon à souligner le travail de l'écriture qui s'exerce dans ses textes. Il attire l'attention sur son propre rôle d'auteur, sur l'image qu'il donne de lui-même et de sa fonction dans son œuvre (chapitre III).

Hue de Rotelande, poète anglo-normand dont l'activité littéraire se situe dans le dernier quart du XIIe siècle, est l'auteur de deux romans en vers, Ipomedon et Protheselaus. Souvent interrogés par la critique - bien qu'une étude d'ensemble sur l'œuvre de Hue fasse défaut - ces textes posent problème quant à leur classification et à leur interprétation. En effet, les ouvrages de Hue, que l'on ne peut tout à fait considérer ni comme des romans antiques ni comme des romans arthuriens, semblent n'être composés que d'épisodes empruntés à des récits contemporains. S'il est vrai que l'on retrouve des motifs et des personnages connus par ailleurs, Hue n'organise pas ses textes de la même manière que ses prédécesseurs. Sous un double rapport de dépendance et d'innovation, Hue s'approprie différents matériaux pour recomposer un monde romanesque, qui repose en grande partie sur la répétition et la variation des traditions littéraires. Puisque les textes de Hue empruntent et utilisent sans cesse l'espace et la matière d'autres romans, et se développent sur des codes déjà existants, il nous a paru nécessaire d'étudier la manière dont l'auteur ordonne ses compositions et établit un dialogue avec d'autres œuvres. Se plaçant sous le signe de la translatio studii et présentant ses ouvrages comme de simples traductions, Hue joue avec ses modèles référentiels qu'il vide de toute auctoritas. Il montre que cette tradition qui veut que les textes s'écrivent les uns sur les autres, le nouveau sur l'ancien, est de l'ordre du semblant (chapitre I). S'il construit ses textes sur le moule et les recettes du roman courtois, il remet en question les modalités de celui-ci afin de proposer une nouvelle conception courtoise qui donne à ses romans une tonalité égrillarde (chapitre II). Hue ne cesse de tenir un discours réflexif sur sa pratique d'écrivain de façon à souligner le travail de l'écriture qui s'exerce dans ses textes. Il attire l'attention sur son propre rôle d'auteur, sur l'image qu'il donne de lui-même et de sa fonction dans son œuvre (chapitre III)
Hue of Rotelande, an Anglo-Norman poet whose literary activity took place in the last quarter of the twelfth century, wrote two verse novels, Ipomedon and Protheselaus. These texts are often questioned by critics - although a comprehensive study of Hue's work is lacking - and their classification and interpretation are problematic. Indeed, Hue's works, which can be considered neither as ancient nor as Arthurian novels, seem to be composed of episodes borrowed from contemporary stories. While it is true that we find motifs and characters known elsewhere, Hue does not organise his texts in the same way as his predecessors. In a dual relationship of dependence and innovation, Hue appropriates different materials to recompose a novelistic world, which is largely based on the repetition and variation of literary traditions. Since Hue's texts constantly borrow and use the space and material of other novels, and build on already existing codes, we felt it necessary to study how the author orders his compositions and establishes a dialogue with other works. Placing himself under the sign of translatio studii and presenting his works as simple translations, Hue plays with his referential models, which he empties of all auctoritas. He shows that the tradition of writing one text on top of another, the new on top of the old, is a semblance (chapter I). If he builds his texts on the mould and the recipes of the courtly novel, he questions the modalities of the latter in order to propose a new courtly conception that gives his novels an eccentric tone (chapter II). Hue is constantly engaged in a reflexive discourse on his writing practice in order to underline the work of writing that is carried out in his texts. He draws attention to his own role as an author, to the image he gives of himself and his function in his work (chapter III)

My diploma work Ivan Olbracht. Pokus o monografickou studii (Ivan Olbracht. An attempt of a monographic study) deals with author's life but the most important part above all there is his work and effects which had an influence on it. The diploma work is divided into six chapters. There is a certain period of Olbracht's writing and his publicistic and political activities in each of them. The first chapter is about Olbracht's life and there is a summary of his work as well. The second chapter gives information about his psychological proses (short stories Dvě kapitoly románu, Two chapters of a novel and Břemeno, A load; three short stories O zlých samotářích, About evil misanthrophes; novels Žalář nejtemnější, The darkest prison; Podivné přátelství herce Jesenia, A weird friendship of an actor Jesenius). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Resumé The thesis is trying to remind the personality and work of Josef Karel Šlejhar - an important novelist of a break of the 19th and 20th century, who is actually being left out by current literacy and literary public. The base of this thesis is to present the author as a remarkable personality, who stigmatised his novels by a number of autobiographical features and who enriched Czech literature with extraordinary and spirit, profound works. The author's life is being reconstructed through the Šlejhar's inheritance, which is placed in the archive of the Literary Museum of National Literature. Attachments brings scanned originals of certain Šlejhars' personal documents. Authentic testimony of the author is brought by means of the extracts from his diaries and correspondence, we refer to the relevant testimonies of novelisťs friends, respectively. A lot of attention is also devoted to the questions of inc1usion of Šlejhar's work in the context of one style trends. The most meaningful interpretations of authors' pieces are being remembered within the reflection of his work in the 20th and 21 century 97

V geografickém centru Asie, kde pramení mohutný veletok Jenisej, nad jehož vodami se nesou národní písně v rytmu koňského běhu protkané tóny hrdelního zpěvu a strunných nástrojů, kde se k nebi pozvedají štíty ohromných posvátných hor Sajan, kde v širých stepích na svých koních uhánějí potomci dávných hledačů zlata Skythů, kde se v hluboké tajze ukrývají před civilizací starověrci, kde pomalu mizí zadýmené jurty hladových kočovníků, kde povstává opět k životu původní šamanizmus, kde se u lahve vodky mezi buddhistou, komunistou a pravoslavným zapomíná na transformaci šavle v srp, tam, kde se kříží kultura centrální Asie, Mongolska a Ruska, právě tam se nachází republika Tuva. život a jazyk Tuvanů byl vždy pod vlivem jiného dominantnějšího národa. V minulosti šlo hlavně o vliv mongolský, čínský a ruský; dnes se stále rozšiřující se globalizací přibývá vliv evropský, americký, indický, tibetský apod. Cílem mé diplomové práce je zmapovat jazykovou situaci v Tuvě v současné době. Práci jsem rozdělila do tří základních částí. V první části se věnuji fenoménu bilingvizmu z lingvistického, sociolingvistického a psycholingvistického hlediska jakožto jevu, který je charakteristický i pro jazykovou situaci v Tuvě. V druhé části prezentuji jednu z nejnovějších prácí věnující se konkrétně jazykové situaci v Tuvě. Práce...

This thesis and the feasibility study, which is attached to the thesis, solves the complex issue of the technology rehabilitation in the unit of the voluntary fire brigade of the village of Solenice using a subsidy program for the purchase of a large-capacity tank syringe with use for the cadastre of the municipality of Solenice. The aim of this work is to prepare a risk analysis for the cadastral territory of the municipality of Solenice in connection with the document entitled "Feasibility study", which is an indispensable part of the documents for submitting the application for the data title for restoration of obsolete fire fighting equipment in the municipality. This document focuses on the description of the cadastre of the village and its unit, its layout and its significance from the point of view of the IRS, which is based on the plan coverage of the fire protection units. This paper deals with the necessary documents focusing on the application and the successful realization of the project in order to restore the fire technology in our village and thus to improve the unit's operational capability using the newly acquired technique. This document will save the municipality to make a Special Assessment and will allow the savings to invest in other projects according to the current grant calls and needs of the municipality.

The civic participation is an active approach of the citizen who has possibility of using more or less formalized tools to influence public affairs. This diploma thesis "Citizens participation in the town life on a case study in Mnichovice" will deal with civic participation in a small town close to Prague - Mnichovice. The level of participation will be analyzed by the OECD (information, consultation, active participation) town hall uses, what factors influence participation rates, what motivates people to engage in participation and what discourages vice versa and which particular forms of cooperation with citizens are effective for local public administration. The theoretical part of this diploma thesis deals with the historical development of civil participation in decision making processes, analyzes legislation of the Czech Republic to describe the theoretical participation and engagement in different types of participation in the various approaches and finally explores options of participation in a small town with 3200 residents, which is located in the suburbia of Prague, 30 km south-east from the center of the capitol city. The practical part of this diploma thesis will be to analyze the various stakeholders in the community, analyze town hall attitude towards civic participation and...

Protected areas, which now cover 11 % of the earth's surface (Rodrigues et al., 2004), play a vital role in tourism and they are being visited by more and more people (Buckley, 2003). These areas have been declared to protect species and habitats from being disturbed by visitors and from habit degradation (Kelly et al., 2002; Boo, 1990). This thesis deals with the monitoring and evaluation of tourism impact of illegal traffic to the National Nature Reserve Vůznice. In this study I have focused on three main units: firstly the vegetation - we mapped the specially protected plant species and habitats assessed valuables in ArcGIS, secondly the evaluation of the impact on bird and finally the monitoring of tourism. Valuable habitat is mixed and very valuable habitats are mainly located in the valley of NPR Vůznice, including roadsides. In contrast, less valuable habitats are spread irregularly. I found 11 kinds of plants protected by law while monitoring endangered plants in the area. Among specially protected species in the area surrounding roads are spring snowflake Leucojum vernum (Spring Snowflake), Lunaria Rediviva (Perennial Honesty), Lilium martagon (Martagon Lily) and a greater proportion of important species is located off roads on slopes, e.g. Aurinia saxatilis (Basket of Gold), Dictamnus...

Charles University, Pharmaceutical Faculty in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Candidate: Jitka Vávrová Supervisor: PharmDr. Marta Kučerová, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis: Creation of a virtual library of synthetic compounds for practical use in a molecular modelling study Drug development is a process requiring the analysis of a large amount of data.Creating a virtual library of synthesized compounds provides access to primary data concerning structure, results of biological activity studies, and molecular descriptors necessary for drug- like prediction. Chemical databases are usually used in virtual screening, which is a modern strategy of Computer Assisted Drug Design (CADD). Molecular docking is one of the methods. Microsoft Excel was used to create the database, which includes different structural types, e.g., pyrazine, rhodanine, thiazolidin-2,4-dione, and 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives prepared in the research group Design and Development of New Antimicrobial Agents. Molecules are available in a spreadsheet containing all compounds in a line-notation ready-to- dock format. To demonstrate this database's actual usage, a molecular modelling study was performed using the software Molecular Operating Environment (MOE). This study...

The "omics" is a concept of biological disciplines that globally characterizes and quantifies biomolecules involved in the key functions of an organism. The "omics" methods are used e.g. in molecular epidemiology, where they help to evaluate potential biomarkers that identify the impact of environmental factors for human health. In this thesis, the "omics" methods were applied in samples collected from newborns born in localities of the Czech Republic mostly differing by pollution levels from industrial sources. The principal aim was to determine whether environmental changes during prenatal development can affect gene expression and its regulation in newborns. The thesis further aimed to evaluate the level of air pollution at the time of biological samples collection. Using the whole genome approach, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in newborns from districts Karvina and Ceske Budejovice (CB) were identified. In a pilot study of a small group of newborns from districts Most and CB, differentially methylated CpG sites in DNA were assessed. These sites attenuate gene activity and could be responsible for long-term changes at the genetic level. Finally, the aim was to find differentially expressed small non-coding RNA (DE miRNA) in newborns from Most and CB. Samples of umbilical cord blood from...

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Student: Pavel Zdeněk Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Jiří Lamka, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: Haemonchosis as a model parasitosis in sheep - the results of its control during experimental study One of the current major issues with breeding domestic animals worldwide is anthelmintic resistance, which damages animals' health and reduces their production. Research workplaces want to identify the mechanisms of resistance development and find out the ways how to prevent it. The aim of this diploma thesis was to describe experimental infection by the model parasite Haemonchus contortus, which was established on Texel breed sheep. H. contortus is one of the important endoparasites; it lives in abomasum of ruminants and feeds with their blood. Faecal samples of all animals entering to the experimental studies were examined by the qualitative ovoscopic method and the animals were thoroughly dewormed by albendazole and monepantel. Then they were infected with larvae L3 of different H. contortus strains. Three strains had been used - ISE (all anthelmintic sensitive), IRE (benzimidazole resistant) and WR (multi-resistant strain). Data of the egg amounts were collected in faecal samples obtained from infected...

Background: Psilocybin is today the most studied psychedelic substance in neuroscience for its psychotomimetic and therapeutic effects. One of the institutions in the Czech Republic that studies this substance is the National Institute of Mental Health, where a clinical evaluation of its effects and safety is underway. The action and safety of this substance is examined here in terms of acute intoxication, but also in terms of long-term effects. Aim: To determine how volunteers perceive the experience with psilocybin administered in a controlled experimental study environment and whether they have experienced any afterglow effects after the cessation of acute intoxication for 28 days after administration, as well as how these effects occur and how long they persist. Methods: Data was obtained using semi-structured interviews. The research group consists of 20 interviews with 10 healthy volunteers of the clinical study at NUDZ. Interviews were conducted on day 28 after administration of an active dose of psilocybin or placebo. A qualitative thematic analysis of these interviews was performed in order to identify topics within the framework set by the research questions. Results: The results showed that for the respondents, the experience with the active dose of psilocybin was significant in terms of...

The subject of this study is a small castle ofVrchotovy Janovice and its last owner, baroness Sidonie Nadherna. Originally a medieval fortress, during 18th and 19th century it was turned into a romantic chateau surrounded by an impressive landscape park. The last owner of the castle, baroness Sidonie Nadherna (1885 - 1950), a highly educated and independent woman, became a close friend of the two outstanding figures of Central European culture, poet Rainer Maria Rilke and essayist and critic Karl Kraus. Both were visiting the castle and for both it became an inspiration in their writing. During the WWII, the castle served as the headquarters of SS-troops and after a short period of attempts to recover it, Sidonie Nadherna left to exile in England in 1949. Throughout following years, castle and park were subject to gradual devastation, its owner being almost forgotten. Fortunately, in late 1950's, it became a property of National Museum. In the early 1960's letters to Sidonie from both Rilke and Kraus were published and became an important resource for studies of their lives. Especially by Karl Kraus, the publishing of the letters revealed many yet unknown aspects of his personality and writing. For him, the relation to Sidonie Nadherna and his stays in park of Janovice, were the very impulse to create his...

Background: In The Czech Republic the study that would provide an overview of the interest of active methamphetamine user in substitution treatment has never been realised. Also there is no study that would chart their willingness to participate in clinical study of effectiveness of this kind of treatment. Aim: The main aim of this thesis was to chart interest of the active methamphtamine users in substitution treatment and their willingness to participate in clinical study of effectiveness of this type of treatment. Methodology: The studie was designed as a quantitative questionnaire survey. Analysis of data was carried out using means of descriptive statistics and statistical tests (chi-squared test of indenpendence for 2 x 2 contingency table, two-sample F-test, two-sample t-test). Research sample: The research sample consists of 130 respondents (99 men and 31 women). Research participants are active methamphetamine users, who are the clients of low-threshold services for drug users in the city of Prague, The Czech Republic (NGOs Drop In, SANANIM, Progressive). Findings: The interest in substitution treatment showed 40 % of active methamphetamine users. The willingness to participate in clinical study of effectiveness of substitution treatment reported 76 % of respondents. Less interest in...

The theoretical and experimental research on the evaluation of the technological aspects of the post-closure activity of the municipal solid waste landfills presented in this study constitutes an attempt to describe, by means of a detailed analysis, the relations of interdependence that exist between the management operations and the aspects having a significant impact on the environment in the municipal solid waste landfills areas . The results obtained by means of theoretical and experimental investigation lead us to the following conclusions: A. Concerning the timeliness of the topic/theme In base of studying specialised literature on waste, it can be stated that: - The waste quantity generated has an upward trend. The necessary options to reduce the amount of generated waste refer to [57, 80]: • reduction at source; • reducing the amount of waste streams; • waste valorisation: reuse, recycling and energy recovery; • waste disposal. - Municipal Solid Waste consists of household and similar waste collected by or on behalf of the municipal authorities. The structure of the municipal solid waste is composed of the following fractions [60, 62]: • paper, cardboard and paper products; • plastic materials; • glass; • metals; • food waste; • garden waste and textiles. - The modalities of waste collection are [98, 99, 111]: • traditional door to door collection; • differentiated collection by fractions for recovery operations. - Landfills present a number of factors which should be studied carefully in order to monitor the manufactured products, which can have a significant impact on the environment and can have harmful effects on the environment or on the population. - The sources of the environmental pollution are: • soil pollution (by disposing waste on the soil); • water pollution (by waterproofing systems and by the leachate collection; • air pollution (by the biogas collection system). - By implementing management systems and adequate monitoring, new jobs can be created – to perform different activities specific to landfills. - Large amounts of material can be recycled, especially non-hazardous materials. B. Aspects regarding the theoretical foundation of technological aspects of the post-closure activity of the landfills for municipal solid waste 1. From a legislative point of view, there are European regulations and norms that the operators and landfills managers must obey. Both Italy and Romania have their own legislation whose implementation is mandatory to ensure the landfill adequate operation. 2. Each landfill is specific to the category of waste that can be accepted for storage. The waste to be deposited in landfills can be classified into three categories [99]: - residential waste; - commercial waste; - industrial waste. 3. The properties of the analysed waste in the research can be classified as follows [24, 99]: - physical properties of waste: • waste moisture; • waste granulometry; • waste density; • waste permeability; • waste temperature; - chemical properties of waste; - biological properties of waste. 4. According to the type of waste deposited in the landfill, landfills can be classified into three categories [55-57, 99]: - landfills for inert waste; - landfills for non-hazardous waste: • landfills for inorganic waste; • landfills for organic waste: o landfills - bio-reactor; o landfills for pre-treated waste. • landfills for waste mixture; - landfills for hazardous waste. 5. The life cycle of the landfill is divided into four clearly defined stages (design and construction, active management, closure and passive management), but in the theoretical and experimental analysis, the active period (in which waste is deposited in the landfill) and the post-closure phase (minimum of 30 years after the landfill has been covered by vegetation) are considered to be important.. 6. The leachate is the result of the bacterial decomposition the organic substance, and of the extraction of the organic contaminants from waste by means of the solvent effect of water. This product is very aggressive and can have a serious environmental impact in case of mismanagement. 7. The biogas is a gas that is produced by the decomposition of the organic waste during the methanogenic phase. This decomposition produces a „micelle” composed of methane and carbon dioxide, and also containing low amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide. 8. The post-closure period of the landfills is considered to be one of the most important periods of their life cycle. During this period, a permanent monitoring of the parameters having a significant environmental impact is necessary. The collection of generated products is also necessary to ensure the landfill safety. 9. The method used in this thesis to identify the amounts of leachate and biogas, and the characteristics of the products generated by the landfill is the estimative mathematical modelling. 10. For the analysis of the impact on the technological aspects of the post-closure phase of the municipal solid waste landfills, there have been carried out different estimations and comparative analyses that can represent the leachate and biogas quantities that can be collected in different periods of the landfill life-cycle. It has been identified the influence of the weather and climatological parameters on the amounts of landfill products, and there have established different mathematical relations and the factors that may have influence on the technological processes. 11. For the comparative analyses there were considered case studies from Italy and Romania, for which there were defined and specified the following: - the description, the construction and the management of landfills from Italy and from Romania; - the structure of landfills considered in case studies; - categories of waste stored in each landfill; - leachate collection in active phase and the estimation of its quantity in the post-closure phase; - biogas collection in active phase and the estimation of its quantity in the post-closure phase. 12. This theoretical and experimental analysis allows the possibility to estimate and identify the correlation between waste amounts, time, and leachate and biogas production capacity of each analysed landfill. C. Aspects concerning the experimental testing of the theory 1. To study the impact of the technological aspects of the post-closure phase of the municipal solid waste landfills, there were identified the following: - characteristics and parameters of the Italian and Romanian landfills: • Turin landfill, Italy; • Potenza landfill, Italy; • Enna landfill, Italy; • Bacău landfill, Romania; • Bihor landfill, Romania; • Piatra Neamț landfill, Romania; • Timiș landfill, Romania; - estimations of the leachate and biogas amounts generated by the landfills. 2. In Romania, the activity of waste depositing in ecological landfills, built according to the current legislation, is in its early stage – it began in the 2000s, when Municipalities or County councils built and developed specific areas and used them to create modern landfills funded through European projects. 3. As for the design, the Italian landfills have a greater number of cells, each of them being equipped with independent systems to collect leachate and biogas, restricted to municipal solid waste. 4. There is a characteristic of the Romanian landfills concerning the composition of the deposited waste: pre-sorting operations are carried out before depositing, but there are also deposited industrial and construction waste. 5. There were described estimative mathematical models for the identification of various parameters. Some models cannot be applied to certain landfills due to scarce data. 6. In order to calibrate and verify models accuracy two mathematical models for each product were implemented. Thus, for the leachate production, where there were sufficient data, there were used: - Hydrological Mass Balance Model for: • Turin landfill, Italy; • Potenza landfill, Italy; • Piatra Neamț landfill, Romania; • Bihor landfill, Romania; - Serial Water Balance Model for Turin landfill, Italy. For the calculation of biogas production, there were used: - Stoichiometric model for: • Turin landfill, Italy; • Bihor landfill, Romania; - LandGEM model for: • Turin landfill, Italy; • Bihor landfill, Romania. For the other landfills, it was impossible to carry out the calibration of the available mathematical models due to the lack of data about the actual waste quantities, or about the leachate and biogas production that was collected from each landfill. 7. A description of the main features was carried out for each landfill, the difference between the analysed cases being noticed even from the landfills structure. The main characteristics of each landfill are presented below: a. Turin landfill: - surface: 79.9·104 m2; - volume occupied: 18.628·106 m3; - number of cells: 9; - active phase between: 1984-2009; b. Potenza landfill: - surface:10·104 m2; - volume occupied: 0.579·106 m3; - number of cells: 7; - active phase between: 1989-2004; c. Enna landfill: - surface:4.5·104 m2; - volume occupied: 0.560·106 m3; - number of cells: 6; - active phase between: 2007-2013; d. Bacău landfill: - surface:22.1·104 m2; - volume occupied: 4.123·106 m3; - number of cells: 4; - active phase between: 2011 - present; e. Bihor landfill: - surface: 7.6·104 m2; - volume occupied: 0.864·106 m3; - number of cells: 2; - active phase between: 2005 - 2014; f. Piatra Neamț landfill: - surface: 4·104 m2; - volume occupied: 1.229·106 m3; - number of cells: 2; - active phase between: 2004 - 2013; g. Timiș landfill: - surface: 35.14·104 m2; - volume occupied: 5.131·106 m3; - number of cells: 5; - active phase between: 2011 – 2014; 7. The graphical representations and the response function mathematical formulae have highlighted the technological aspects of the post-closure period of municipal solid waste landfills, as well as the leachate and biogas production capacities: - it was carried out the estimation of the total quantity of liquid that can be generated from the moisture content of each fraction of different types of waste (municipal solid waste, analogous municipal solid waste, and sewage sludge) and from the liquid amount that can be produced due to weather and climatological conditions, specific to each landfill; - from the total liquid quantity, it was realised an estimation of the leachate production for each landfill, for a period of active phase and for a period of at least 30 years of post-closure phase. 8. For Turin landfill, Italy, the data was presented as follows: - the total amount of waste deposited in the period of activity consist of three types of waste: • municipal solid waste - 73%; • analogous municipal solid waste -14%; • sewage sludge – 13%; - it was presented the composition of municipal solid waste for the period 2000-2009; - the average percentage composition of the fractions of the municipal solid waste stored in the landfill, which was used to calculate the deposited waste. The fractions contained in the waste composition are:: • paper and cardboard waste; • leather and textile waste; • wood waste; • glass and inert waste; • metal waste; • plastic waste; • organic waste; • fine particles of waste; • other types of waste; - the actual monthly average variations of precipitations, temperature, and solar radiation, and the calculated monthly average variations of runoff and evapotranspiration; - the moisture content of each fraction of municipal solid waste, and of analogous municipal solid waste; - the moisture content of sewage sludge deposited in the landfill; - a comparative analysis of the calculated leachate quantity and the estimated leachate quantity – using the estimative mathematical model for the leachate production capacity. The estimation of the leachate amount was determined for 30 years of post-closure phase. The correlation coefficient used in the equation on was 0.91155; - an estimation of the biogas amount using an estimative mathematical model, to work out the biogas production capacity, which was compared to the real quantity of biogas collected from the landfill. The estimation of the biogas quantity was calculated for a period of 31 years of post-closure phase. 9. For Potenza landfill, Italy, the data was presented as follows: - the total quantity of waste deposited in landfill in active phase is composed from two types of waste: • municipal solid waste - 90%; • sewage sludge – 10%; - it was represented the average percentage of municipal solid waste composition, which it was utilised in mathematical calculations for deposited waste. The fractions from municipal solid waste are: • paper and cardboard waste; • leather and textile waste; • wood waste; • glass and inert waste; • organic waste; • fine particles of waste; • other types of waste; - the actual monthly average variations of precipitations, temperature and the calculated monthly average variations of runoff and evapotranspiration; - the moisture content for each fraction of municipal solid waste and of sewage sludge; - a comparative analysis of the calculated and estimated amounts of leachate – for the estimation, the estimative mathematical model was used (to determine the leachate production capacity). The total quantity of liquid that could be produced by the landfill was 168,162.3 m3. The estimation of the leachate quantity for the post-closure phase was worked out for a period of 30 years. The correlation coefficient used for estimation was 0.92003; - an estimation of the biogas quantity using an estimative mathematical model to calculate the biogas production capacity, which was compared to the real quantity collected from the landfill. The estimation of the biogas quantity for the post-closure phase was carried out for a period of 32 years. 10. For Enna landfill, Italy, the data was presented as follows: - the total amount of waste deposited during the active phase is composed of municipal solid waste. - There is no public information about the waste structure of the landfill. That was why it was represented the average percentage of the composition of the municipal solid waste deposited in the landfill, which was used to calculate the amount of the deposited waste. The fractions used in calculations are the following: • paper and cardboard waste; • leather and textile waste; • wood waste; • glass and inert waste; • metal waste; • plastic waste; • organic waste; • fine particles of waste; • other types of waste; - there were represented the monthly average variations of precipitations and temperature, and the monthly average variations of runoff evapotranspiration. - it was estimated the moisture content of each fraction of municipal solid waste. - It was carried out a comparative analysis of the amounts of leachate calculated and estimated (using an estimative mathematical model to determine the production capacity for leachate). The total amount of leachate that can be generated by the landfill was 145,833.59 m3. The estimation of leachate quantity for the post closure phase was worked out for a period of 30 years. The correlation coefficient was 0.96841; - it was carried out an estimation of the biogas amount using an estimative mathematical model to determine the biogas production capacity , which was compared to the real quantity collected from the landfill. The estimation of the biogas quantity for the post-closure phase was realised for a period of 31 years. 11. For Bacău landfill, Romania, the data was presented as follows: - There was no data concerning the quantity of deposited waste. . - There was represented the monthly average variations of precipitations and temperatures, and there were calculated the monthly average variations of runoff and evapotranspiration. - because there no data about the amount of waste deposited in the landfill, the estimation of the leachate and biogas production cannot be made. 12. For Bihor landfill, Romania, the data was presented as follows: - the total quantity of waste deposited during the active phase is composed only of municipal solid waste. There were also deposited fractions of industrial or construction waste, but they were neglected in calculations. - it was represented the average percentage of the municipal solid waste composition, which was used to calculate the amount of deposited waste. The municipal solid waste fractions are: • paper and cardboard waste; • leather and textile waste; • wood waste; • glass and inert waste; • metal waste; • plastic waste; • organic waste; • fine particles of waste; • other types of waste; - there were represented the monthly average variations of precipitations and temperature, and there were calculated the monthly average variations of runoff and evapotranspiration; - it was estimated the moisture content related to each fraction from municipal solid waste; - it was performed a comparative analysis of the calculated and estimated amounts of leachate (using an estimative mathematical model to determine the leachate production capacity). The total quantity of leachate that could be formed in the Bihor landfill was 458,485.6 m3. The estimation of the post-closure leachate quantity was made for a period of 30 years. The correlation coefficient was 0.95516; - it was made an estimation of the biogas amount using an estimative mathematical model to determine the biogas production capacity, which was compared to the real quantity collected from the Bihor landfill. The estimation of the post-closure biogas quantity was realised worked out for a period of 32 years. 13. For Piatra Neamț landfill, Romania, the data was presented as follows: - the total quantity of waste deposited during the active phase was composed only of municipal solid waste. The waste also contained fractions of industrial and/or construction waste, which were neglected in calculations; - it was represented the average percentage of municipal solid waste composition, which was used in mathematical calculations for the deposited waste. The fractions of municipal solid waste are: • paper and cardboard waste; • leather and textile waste; • wood waste; • organic waste; • fine particles of waste; - There were represented the monthly average variations of precipitations and temperature, and there were calculated the monthly average variations of runoff and evapotranspiration; - it was estimated the moisture content of each fraction of the municipal solid waste deposited in the Piatra Neamț landfill; - it was performed a comparative analysis of the amounts of leachate calculated and estimated (using an estimative mathematical model to determine the leachate production capacity. The total quantity of leachate that could be formed in the Piatra Neamț landfill was 214,702.12 m3. The estimation of the post-closure leachate quantity was made for a period of 30 years. The correlation coefficient was 0.96029; - it was made an estimation of the biogas quantity using an estimative mathematical model to determine the biogas production capacity, which was compared to the real quantity collected from the landfill. The estimation of the post-closure biogas quantity was calculated for a period of 30 years. 14. For Timiș landfill, Romania, the data was presented as follows: - There were no data concerning the amount of deposited waste. - there were presented the monthly average variations of precipitations and temperature, and there were calculated the monthly average variations of runoff and evapotranspiration. - As there was no information about the amount of waste deposited in the landfill, the estimation of the leachate and biogas productions was not possible. 15. With respect to management, it is necessary to emphasize the following: - leachate is collected and monitored in both Italian and Romanian landfills, and is treated using technical solutions specific to each case. In Romania, besides the fact that intermediate layers for landfill periodical covering are not used, there is no monitoring system for the collected leachate , and leachate recirculation is not performed; - As for the biogas, only some operators, who are on charge of the Romanian landfills, collect the biogas and use it for energy recovery (Bihor landfill). Biogas collection presents several advantages for operators, and has important consequences as far as the prevention of disasters is concerned. 16. The post-closure phase activities (performed for approximately 30 years after the final closure of the landfill - according to specialised literature) play a crucial role in the life cycle of a landfill. D. Concerning the originality of the thesis 1. On the basis of bibliographical study on the evaluation of the technological aspects related to the post-closure phase of the municipal solid waste landfills, in both Italy and Romania, the following aspects were highlighted: - description, design, construction and management of landfills from Italy and from Romania; - the structure of landfills considered in case studies; - categories of waste stored in each landfill; - leachate collection in active phase and the estimation of its quantity in the post-closure phase; - biogas collection in active phase and the estimation of its quantity in the post-closure phase. 2. In order to perform comparative analyses, there were chose three landfills from Italy and four from Romania, in various stages of activity, on the basis of the complexity of the technological processes, concerning leachate and biogas, that occur in the landfills. 3. Following estimations and comparative analyses, correlations were established between the amounts of leachate and biogas that could be collected. Mathematical modelling was used: one equation to estimate the quantity of leachate, and another one to identify the biogas production. 4. For the leachate calculation, the estimative equation for leachate production showed a degree of truth (r2) between 0.91 and 0.97. The maximum degree of truth was worked out for the Romanian landfill of Bihor, while the minimum degree was worked out for the Italian landfill of Turin. 5. For the biogas calculation it was used an estimative mathematical model that was influenced by the amount of waste deposited during the activity and the full life of the landfill (active and post-closure phases). 6. On the basis of the estimates obtained for the leachate and biogas production capacities of the analysed landfills, there were developed, using the TableCurve3D software, the following mathematical models: - for the leachate production capacity, the model obtained had a degree of correlation (r2) between 57 and 93%; - for the biogas production capacity, the model obtained had a degree of correlation (r2) between 87 and 96%. E. Concerning future developments of the research 1. Landfills represent the most commonly used method for storing waste in Romania. Two of the analysed landfills from Italy are in post-closure period, from 2004 and 2010 respectively, and another one is still in its active phase, while all analysed Romanian landfill in their active phase. In calculations, the closure of the landfills was considered to occur in the last year for which data about the amount of waste were available. 2. In Romania, waste storage in ecological landfills built in accordance to current legislation began relatively late, after 2000s, when Municipalities or County Councils built and developed special areas and used them to develop modern landfills funded through European projects. 3. The theoretical studies and comparative analyses presented in this can be a useful material for addressing similar issues in this area, to identify the various aspects concerning the processes that occur in landfills in different periods of their life cycle. 4. To clarify the correlations between the amount of deposited waste and the leachate and biogas production capacities, it is necessary that future studies and researches consider other parameters that may influence leachate and biogas production. 5. To eliminate the discrepancies between the actual land values and the values calculated using mathematical models, it is necessary to use mathematical models that involve a number of parameters specific to each landfill. In case differences occur in the composition of waste, or structural waterproofing was carried out in a different way, major differences may occur in the calculations. Other important factors that may have an important influence on leachate and biogas production are: - The degree of compaction of waste; - Regular coverage of waste; - Collection system for leachate and for biogas; - Leachate recirculation. 6. The present study has not considered the qualitative and/or chemical-biological parameters of waste. This may be the subject of future research papers.

Mate preferences play an important role in an actual mate choice. However, preferred and actual characteristics of mates could differ in some extent. There is discrepancy between ideal partner preferences and actual mate choice. This study is following study conducted in 2013 which was focused on mate preferences and actual mate discrepancy in physical characteristics. The main aime of this study is to investigate, a) how can mate preferences differ over time, b) whether are mate preferences influenced by actual partner, c) whether has discrepancy between preferred and actual partner influence on dyadic?? adjustment and d) whether has discrepancy influence on relationship stability. The final sample of this study consisted of 113 heterosexual women in the age of 18 - 43 (mean age = 29,28, SD = 5,744). Respondents completed an online survey which consisted of sociodemographical informations, informations about experience with long-term partners, revise dyadic adjustment scale (R-DAS) and standardized stimuli of physical characteristics of ideal and actual partner (if respondents were in relationship). Results have showed that partner preferences changed over the first test (2013). In the case of influence of actual partner on the ideal partner preferences was showen significant result only in the...