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Yang, Ming. "Sensor based robotic ranging system architecture." Thesis, University of Salford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262052.
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Zografos, Alexandros. "Wireless Sensor-based Agricultural Monitoring System." Thesis, KTH, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-143633.
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Today energy resources are becoming scarcer and therefore more valuable. In conjunction with the population growth over last century, the need for finding new, more efficient, and sustainable methods of agricultural cultivation and food production has become more critical. To facilitate this process, we are designing, building, and evaluating a system for precision agriculture which provides farmers with useful data about the soil, the water supply, and the general condition of their fields in a user friendly, easily accessible manner. Our system aims to make cultivation and irrigation more efficient as the farmer is able to make better informed decisions and thus save time and resources. The diversity of location and climatic effects upon agricultural cultivation, along with other environmental parameters over time makes the farmer’s decision-making process more complicated and requires additional empirical knowledge. Applying wireless sensor networks for monitoring environmental parameters and combining this information with a user-customized web service may enable farmers to exploit their knowledge in an efficient way in order to extract the best results from their agricultural cultivation. The system can scale based on each farmer’s demands and the resulting ensemble of collected information may represent a valuable resource for future use, in addition to its use for real-time decision making. The design of the precision agriculture system contains a prototype solution regarding the sensor platform and a customizable service that can be utilized in different ways and by several entities.Idag när energiresurser blir allt knappare och knappare blir de även mer värdefulla. I samband med befolkningstillväxten under förra århundradet har behovet av att hitta nya, mer effektiva och hållbara metoder inom jordbruket och livsmedelsproduktion blivit av allt större vikt. . För att underlätta denna process har vi designat, byggt och utvärderat ett system för precisionsjordbruk som ger bönder mer användbara data om jorden, vattenförsörjning och det allmänna tillståndet i sina områden på ett användarvänligt och lättillgängligt sätt. Vårt system syftar till att göra odling och bevattning effektivare då bonden kan fatta bättre underbyggda beslut och därmed spara tid och resurser. Mångfalden av läget och jordbrukets klimatpåverkan, tillsammans med andra miljöparametrar över tiden gör bondens beslutsprocess mer komplicerad än tidigare och kräver ytterligare empirisk kunskap. Att tillämpa trådlösa sensornätverk för övervakning av dessa parametrar och att presentera? denna information med en användarvänlig skräddarsydd webbtjänst kan göra det möjligt för jordbrukare att utnyttja på ett effektivt sätt nåde bästa resultaten från sitt jordbruk. Systemet kan skala utifrån varje bondes krav och den insamlade data kan utgöra en värdefull resurs för ett framtida jordbruk, utöver dess användning för dagens bondes beslut. Utformningen av systemet för precisionsjordbruk innehåller en prototyplösning avseende sensorplattformen och en anpassningsbar tjänst som kan användas på olika sätt och av flera enheter.
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Bhatta, Abhishek. "GSM based Communication-Sensor (CommSense) System." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28436.
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Using communication signals for radar applications has been a major area of research in radar engineering. In the recent years, due to the widely available wireless signals, a new area of research called commensal radars has emerged. Commensal radars use available wireless Radio Frequency (RF) signals to detect and track targets of interest. This is achieved by placing two antennas, one towards the transmitting base station and the other towards the surveillance area. The signal received by these two antennas are correlated to determine the location and velocity of the target. When a signal passes through a channel, it reflects off the obstacles within its path. These reflections usually degrade quality of the signal and cause interference to the telecommunication systems. To mitigate the effects of the channel on a signal these systems transmit a known bit sequence within each frame. Our goal, with this thesis, is to design and implement a working prototype of a novel architecture for the commensal radar system, which uses these known bit sequences to extract the channel information and determine events of interest. The major novelties of the system are as follows. Firstly, this system will be built upon existing communication systems using Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology. Secondly, this design eliminates the need for a reference antenna, which reduces the cost of the system and creates an opportunity to make the system portable. We name this system Communication-Sensing (CommSense). Since, our plan is to use Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) as the parent system for the prototype development, we decide to update the name to GSM based Communication-Sensing (GSM-CommSense) system. This thesis begins with theoretical analysis of the feasibility of the GSM-CommSense system. First of all, we perform a link budget analysis to determine the power requirements for the system. Then we calculate the ambiguity function and Cram´er-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) for a two-path received signal model. With encouraging theoretical results, we design a prototype of the system that can capture real GSM base station broadcast signals. After the design of the GSMCommSense system, we capture channel data from multiple locations with varying environmental conditions. The aim for this set of experiment is to be able to distinguish between different environmental conditions. Then, we performed statistical analysis on the data by means of Probability Density Function (PDF) fitting, a goodness-of-fit test called chi-square test and a clustering algorithm called Principal Components Analysis (PCA). We have presented the results from each analysis and discussed them in detail. Upon, receiving positive results in each step we have decided to move towards using learning algorithms to categorise the data captured by the system. We have compared two widely accepted supervised learning algorithms, called Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). The results showed that with the current hardware capabilities of the system and the amount of data available per GSM frame, the performance of SVM is better than MLP. Thus, we have used SVM to classify two events of detection and classification across a wall. We have presented our findings and discussed the results in detail. We conclude our current work and provide scope for future work in development and analysis of the GSM-CommSense system.
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Sehra, Gurmukh S. "Surface acoustic wave based flavour sensor system." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416148.
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Michael, Edvardsen, and Joel Rietz. "Sensor-Based Intelligent Positioning and Monitoring System." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Signaler och System, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-326073.
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The purpose of this master thesis is to develop a mobile and accurate positioningsystem used in the industry. The system is sensor-based, consisting of anaccelerometer (on a LSM9DS0 breakout board) and three gyroscopes(L3GD20) aswell as a microcontroller development kit(Teensy 3.5). This thesis project involvestheoretical study and the development of a prototype. In particular, the theoreticalstudy has been concerned with investigation of different positioning methods whichincludes sensor limitations, calibrations, sensor fusion and ways to implement thesemethods in an effective manner.A prototype has been developed that includes an above-mentioned sensor-basedunit and most optimal positioning algorithms. The prototype has been tested, andthe results have shown that the module is able to calculate a position on subcentimeter level accuracy.Suggestions for future work and research have been given, which includeincreasing the sampling frequency by using better gyroscopes, making thealgorithms more dynamic and using external coordinate inputs to increase theduration of usage time.
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Gederin, Ruslan, and Viktor Mazepa. "Emulator for complex sensor-based IT system." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap (DV), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-30346.
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Developing and testing complex information technology (IT) systems is a difficult task. This is even more difficult if parts of the system, no matter if hard- or software, are not available when needed due to delays or other reasons. The architecture and design cannot be evaluated and existing parts cannot be reliably tested. Thus the whole concept of the system cannot be validated before all parts are in place. To solve this problem in an industrial project, where the development of the server-side should be finished and tested (clear for production) while the hardware sensors where designed but not implemented, we developed an emulator (software) for the hardware sensors meeting the exact specification as well as parts of the server solution. This allowed proceeding with the server-side development, testing, and system validation without the hardware sensors in place. Following the exact specification should allow replacing the emulator with the real sensors without complications, once they are available. In the end, being able to develop hard- and software in parallel the project can be in production much earlier than performing the development in sequence.
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Benlamri, Rachid. "A multiple-sensor based system for image inspection." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307427.
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Röck, Frank. "System based selectivity improvements of gas sensor arrays." Aachen Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/995246033/04.
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Feng, Chao. "GREY-MODEL BASED ICE PREDICTION SENSOR SYSTEM ON WIND TURBINE SYSTEM." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1323893527.
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Fan, Chenjun. "Fiber optic sensor based on dual ring resonator system /." Online version of thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11070.
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Stauch, Sebastian. "A Vision Based Sensor System For Spacecraft Relative Navigation." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60551.
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Docking is one of the crucial key elements in many aerospace applications and missions where despite all endeavors and precautions accidents and incidents occur far too often. Those events can lead in the worst case scenario to a total loss of the space system and payload. To better understand, manage and control those situations and to test and simulate the docking process between two spacecrafts, the space maneuvering and docking facility has been built and developed by the chair of aerospace information technology at the university of Würzburg. The facility consists out of several floating vehicles which should be able to execute an autonomously docking maneuver. In this master thesis, a vision based sensor system for the space maneuvering and docking facility was designed, developed and implemented. The system is mounted on top of the approaching vehicle to perform a close range proximity maneuver through computer vision relative navigation. The required hardware and software components were investigated and a suitable system was built. To achieve the required level of accuracy for relative navigation, the sensor data from the vision based system and the proximity sensor is filtered, fused and subsequently delivered to the navigation, guidance and control unit of the host spacecraft and to the ground station. Network traffic between the entities is transmitted over an implemented network protocol which is based on the fourth layer of the OSI model to guarantee a reliable data transfer. The emphasis of this thesis is based on the research and evaluation of suitable object detection algorithms and the implementation of them under the required real time constraints. Furthermore, the position and orientation of the target spacecraft is determined by a newly developed approach that is merging computer vision methods with high level intelligence processing, data fusion and GPU-accelerated computing on a powerful embedded processing platform.
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Chung, W. Y. (Wan-Young). "Ubiquitous healthcare system based on a wireless sensor network." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514292903.
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This dissertation aimed at developing a multi-modal sensing u-healthcare system (MSUS), which reflects the unique properties of a healthcare application in a wireless sensor network. Together with health parameters, such as ECG, SpO2 and blood pressure, the system also transfers context-aware data, including activity, position and tracking data, in a wireless sensor network environment at home or in a hospital.
Since packet loss may have fatal consequences for patients, health-related data are more critical than most other types of monitoring data. Thus, compared to environmental, agricultural or industrial monitoring, healthcare monitoring in a wireless environment imposes different requirements and priorities. These include heavy data traffic with wavelike parameters in wireless sensor network and fatal data loss due to the traffic. To ensure reliable data transfer in a wireless sensor network, this research placed special emphasis on the optimization of sampling rate, packet length and transmission rate, and on the traffic reduction method.
To improve the reliability and accuracy of diagnosis, the u-healthcare system also collects context-aware information on the user’s activity and location and provides real-time tracking.
Waveform health parameters, such as ECG, are normally sampled in the 100 to 400 Hz range according to the monitoring purpose. This type of waveform data may incur a heavy burden in wireless communication. To reduce wireless traffic between the sensor nodes and the gateway node, the system utilizes on-site ECG analysis implemented on the sensor nodes as well as query architecture. A 3D VRML viewer was also developed for the realistic monitoring of the user’s moving path and location.
Two communication methods, an 802.15.4-based wireless sensor network and a CDMA cellular network are used by sensors placed on the users’ bodies to gather medical data, which is then transmitted to a server PC at home or in the hospital, depending on whether the sensor is within or outside the range of the wireless sensor network.
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Du, Jiaying. "Signal processing for MEMS sensor based motion analysis system." Licentiate thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-31298.
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Sensor systems for motion analysis represent an important class of embeddedsensor systems for health, and are usually based on MEMS technology(Micro-electro-mechanical systems). Gyroscopes and accelerometers are two examples of MEMS motion sensors that are characterized by their small size,low weight, low power consumption, and low cost. This makes them suitableto be used in wearable systems, intended to measure body movements and posture,and to provide the input for advanced human motion analyzes. However,MEMS-sensors usually are sensitive to environmental disturbances, such as shock, vibration and temperature changes. A large portion of the measured MEMS-sensor signal actually origins from error sources such as noise, offset, and drift. Especially, temperature drift is a well-known error source. Accumulation errors increase the effect of the error during integration of acceleration orangular rate to determine the position or angle. Thus, methods to limit or eliminate the influence of the sources of errors are urgent. Due to MEMS-sensor characteristics and the measurement environment in human motion analysis,signal processing is regarded as an important and necessary part of a MEMS-sensor based human motion analysis system. This licentiate thesis focuses on signal processing for MEMS-sensor based human motion analysis systems. Different signal processing algorithms were developed, comprising noise reduction, offset/drift estimation and reduction,position accuracy and system stability. Further, real time performance was achieved, also fulfilling the hardware requirement of limited calculation capacity.High-pass filter, LMS algorithm and Kalman filter were used to reduce offset, drift and especially temperature drift in a MEMS-gyroscope based system,while low-pass filter, LMS algorithm, Kalman filter and WFLC algorithms were used for noise reduction. Simple methods such as thresholding with delay and velocity estimation were developed to improve the signal during the position measurements. A combination method of Kalman filter, WFLC algorithm and thresholding with delay was developed with focus on the static stability and position accuracy of the MEMS-gyroscope based system. These algorithms have been implemented into a previously developed MEMS-sensorbased motion analysis system. The computational times of the algorithms were all acceptable. Kalman filtering was found efficient to reduce the problem of temperature drift and the WFLC algorithm was found the most suitable method to reduce human physiological tremor and electrical noise. With the Trapezoidal method and low-pass filter, threshold with delay method and velocity estimation method reduced integrated drift in one minute by about 20 meters for the position measurements with MEMS-accelerometer. The threshold with delay method made the signal around zero level to zero without interrupting the continuous movement signal. The combination method of Kalman filter,WFLC algorithm and threshold with delay method showed its superiority on improving the static stability and position accuracy by reducing noise, offset and drift simultaneously, 100% error reduction during the static state, 98.2%position error correction in the case of movements without drift, and 99% with drift.
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Islam, Raihan Ul. "Wireless Sensor Network Based Flood Prediction Using Belief Rule Based Expert System." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Datavetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-66415.
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Flood is one of the most devastating natural disasters. It is estimated that flooding from sea level rise will cause one trillion USD to major coastal cities of the world by the year 2050. Flood not only destroys the economy, but it also creates physical and psychological sufferings for the human and destroys infrastructures. Disseminating flood warnings and evacuating people from the flood-affected areas help to save human life. Therefore, predicting flood will help government authorities to take necessary actions to evacuate humans and arrange relief for the people. This licentiate thesis focuses on four different aspects of flood prediction using wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Firstly, different WSNs, protocols related to WSN, and backhaul connectivity in the context of predicting flood were investigated. A heterogeneous WSN network for flood prediction was proposed. Secondly, data coming from sensors contain anomaly due to different types of uncertainty, which hampers the accuracy of flood prediction. Therefore, anomalous data needs to be filtered out. A novel algorithm based on belief rule base for detecting the anomaly from sensor data has been proposed in this thesis. Thirdly, predicting flood is a challenging task as it involves multi-level factors, which cannot be measured with 100% certainty. Belief rule based expert systems (BRBESs) can be considered to handle the complex problem of this nature as they address different types of uncertainty. A web based BRBES was developed for predicting flood. This system provides better usability, more computational power to handle larger numbers of rule bases and scalability by porting it into a web-based solution. To improve the accuracy of flood prediction, a learning mechanism for multi-level BRBES was proposed. Furthermore, a comparison between the proposed multi-level belief rule based learning algorithm and other machine learning techniques including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM) based regression, and Linear Regression has been performed. In the light of the research findings of this thesis, it can be argued that flood prediction can be accomplished more accurately by integrating WSN and BRBES.
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Parmar, Biren Jagadish. "Development Of Point-Contact Surface Acoustic Wave Based Sensor System." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/279.
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Surface Acoustic Waves (SAW) fall under a special category of elastic waves that need a material medium to propagate. The energy of these waves is confined to a limited depth below the surface over which they propagate, and their amplitudes decay with increasing depth. As a consequence of their being a surface phenomenon, they are easily accessible for transduction. Due to this reason, a lot of research has been carried out in the area, which has resulted in two very popular applications of SAW - SAW devices and in Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation.
A major restriction of SAW devices is that the SAW need a piezoelectric medium for generation, propagation and reception. This thesis reports the attempt made to overcome this restriction and utilize the SAW on non-piezoelectric substrates for sensing capabilities. The velocity of the SAW is known to be dependent purely on the material properties, specifically the elastic constants and material density. This dependence is the motivation for the sensor system developed in the present work.
Information on the survey of the methods suitable for the generation and reception of SAW on non-piezoelectric substrates has been included in the thesis. This is followed by the theoretical and practical details of the method chosen for the present work - the point source/point receiver method. Advantages of this method include a simple and inexpensive fabrication procedure, easy customizability and the absence of restrictions due to directivity of the SAW generated. The transducers consist of a conically shaped PZT element attached to a backing material. When the piezoelectric material on the transmitter side is electrically excited, they undergo mechanical oscillations. When coupled to the surface of a solid, the oscillations are transferred onto the solid, which then acts as a point source for SAW. At the receiver, placed at a distance from the source on the same side, the received mechanical oscillations are converted into an electrical signal as a consequence of the direct piezoelectric effect. The details of the fabrication and preliminary trials conducted on metallic as well as non-metallic samples are given.
Various applications have been envisaged for this relatively simple sensor system. One of them is in the field of pressure sensing. Experiments have been carried out to employ the acoustoelastic property of a flexible diaphragm made of silicone rubber sheet to measure pressure. The diaphragm, when exposed to a pressure on one side, experiences a varying strain field on the surface. The velocity of SAW generated on the stressed surface varies in accordance with the applied stress, and the consequent strain field generated. To verify the acoustoelastic phenomenon in silicone rubber, SAW velocities have been measured in longitudinal and transverse directions with respect to that of the applied tensile strain. Similar measurements are carried out with a pressure variant inducing the strain. The non-invasive nature of this setup lends it to be used for in situ measurement of pressure.
The second application is in the field of elastography. Traditional methods of diagnosis to detect the presence of sub-epidermal lesions, some tumors of the breast, liver and prostate, intensity of skin irritation etc have been mainly by palpation. The sensor system developed in this work enables to overcome the restrictive usage and occasional failure to detect minute abnormal symptoms. In vitro trials have been conducted on tissue phantoms made out of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA-C) samples of varying stiffnesses. The results obtained and a discussion on the same are presented.
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Gois, Jorge Audrin Morgado de. "Sensor based collision avoidance system for the walking machine ALDURO." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983060940.
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Stephen, James E. "Development of a GNSS-based multi-sensor vehicle navigation system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ65012.pdf.
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Röck, Frank [Verfasser]. "System-Based Selectivity Improvements of Gas Sensor Arrays / Frank Röck." Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1156518687/34.
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Chen, Xiao-Qi. "Sensor based automatic control system for narrow gap TIG welding." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278614.
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Bui, Manh-Tuan. "Vision-based multi-sensor people detection system for heavy machines." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2156/document.
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Ce travail de thèse a été réalisé dans le cadre de la coopération entre l’Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC) et le Centre Technique des Industries Mécaniques (CETIM). Nous présentons un système de détection de personnes pour l’aide à la conduite dans les engins de chantier. Une partie du travail a été dédiée à l’analyse du contexte de l’application, ce qui a permis de proposer un système de perception composé d’une caméra monoculaire fisheye et d’un Lidar. L’utilisation des caméras fisheye donne l’avantage d’un champ de vision très large avec en contrepartie, la nécessité de gérer les fortes distorsions dans l’étape de détection. A notre connaissance, il n’y a pas eu de recherches dédiées au problème de la détection de personnes dans les images fisheye. Pour cette raison, nous nous sommes concentrés sur l’étude et la quantification de l’impact des distorsions radiales sur l’apparence des personnes dans les images et nous avons proposé des approches adaptatives pour gérer ces spécificités. Nos propositions se sont inspirées de deux approches de l’état de l’art pour la détection des personnes : les histogrammes de gradient orientés (HOG) et le modèle des parties déformables (DPM). Tout d’abord, en enrichissant la base d’apprentissage avec des imagettes fisheye artificielles, nous avons pu montrer que les classificateurs peuvent prendre en compte les distorsions dans la phase d’apprentissage. Cependant, adapter les échantillons d’entrée, n’est pas la solution optimale pour traiter le problème de déformation de l’apparence des personnes dans les images. Nous avons alors décidé d’adapter l’approche de DPM pour prendre explicitement en compte le modèle de distorsions. Il est apparu que les modèles déformables peuvent être modifiés pour s’adapter aux fortes distorsions des images fisheye, mais ceci avec un coût de calculatoire supérieur. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons également une approche de fusion Lidar/camera fisheye. Une architecture de fusion séquentielle est utilisée et permet de réduire les fausses détections et le coût calculatoire de manière importante. Un jeu de données en environnement de chantier a été construit et différentes expériences ont été réalisées pour évaluer les performances du système. Les résultats sont prometteurs, à la fois en terme de vitesse de traitement et de performance de détectionThis thesis has been carried out in the framework of the cooperation between the Compiègne University of Technology (UTC) and the Technical Centre for Mechanical Industries (CETIM). In this work, we present a vision-based multi-sensors people detection system for safety on heavy machines. A perception system composed of a monocular fisheye camera and a Lidar is proposed. The use of fisheye cameras provides an advantage of a wide field-of-view but yields the problem of handling the strong distortions in the detection stage.To the best of our knowledge, no research works have been dedicated to people detection in fisheye images. For that reason, we focus on investigating and quantifying the strong radial distortions impacts on people appearance and proposing adaptive approaches to handle that specificity. Our propositions are inspired by the two state-of-the-art people detection approaches : the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) and the Deformable Parts Model (DPM). First, by enriching the training data set, we prove that the classifier can take into account the distortions. However, fitting the training samples to the model, is not the best solution to handle the deformation of people appearance. We then decided to adapt the DPM approach to handle properly the problem. It turned out that the deformable models can be modified to be even better adapted to the strong distortions of the fisheye images. Still, such approach has adrawback of the high computation cost and complexity. In this thesis, we also present a framework that allows the fusion of the Lidar modality to enhance the vision-based people detection algorithm. A sequential Lidar-based fusion architecture is used, which addresses directly the problem of reducing the false detections and computation cost in vision-based-only system. A heavy machine dataset have been also built and different experiments have been carried out to evaluate the performances of the system. The results are promising, both in term of processing speed and performances
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Korres, Michael. "Cylinder Pressure Sensor based Engine Combustion and Fuel System Diagnostics." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-203351.
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Nowadays, the developed diagnostics models and software are not capable of locating the root cause of an emerging malfunction, or in other words the responsible component, while the vehicle is up and running. In most cases they are solely able to provide the driver with indications that a fault has been detected within a group of components. Subsequently, it is unavoidable that the vehicle returns to the workshop for a number of standardized tests to be performed, in order to evaluate the condition of the potentially faulty components. The new era in combustion engines and the attempt to fully incorporate closed-loop combustion control can facilitate the diagnostics procedure and especially the process of fault isolation. By harnessing signals from both real and virtual sensors, it can be feasible to diagnose or even prognose faults, averting the return of the vehicle to the workshop. Moreover, the down-time of the vehicle, can be radically decreased, since there will be an indication on which components to focus. Taking into account the fastpace steps and improvements on the respective hardware, such as sensors, one can understand that this endeavour can actually be successful in the future. In the spectrum of this thesis it is assessed whether or not fault detection and isolation can be achieved, through comparison of sensors’ output signals for a number of engine parameters to a stored set of nominal values for these parameters (reference values). Towards that goal, virtual sensors have been developed with the aid of measurement data, in order to increase the reliability of the system. Subsequently, a network of dependencies between parameter values and consequent malfunctions has been constructed, in the form of flowcharts, rudimental for fault isolation. In addition to that and despite the fact that no finalized production code for the model is provided, pseudocode charts have been created as well. Finally, significant effort was made to derive precise tolerances for the reference values, as this is of great importance for the results of the diagnostics model.
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Otoum, Safa. "Sensor Medium Access Control Protocol-Based Epilepsy Patients Monitoring System." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31999.
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This thesis focuses on using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for monitoring applications on epilepsy patients (EPs). With the increase of these types of patients and the necessity of continuous daily monitoring and the need for an immediate response to their seizures, the main objective of this thesis is to decrease the response time in order to save them from severe consequences, as well as to make them comfortable with the monitoring procedure. Our proposed Epilepsy Patients Monitoring System (EPMS) consists of five ordinary nodes distributed over the patient’s body, as well as a coordinator node and a receive node. These nodes detect the seizures and forward the data to the coordinator, which, in turn, collects the data and transmits it to the receiver, triggering an alarm concerning the seizure occurrence. We focus on the Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol, using the Sensor Medium Access Control (SMAC) protocol to decrease the generated delay, and the Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) scheme to prevent collisions that can prolong the response time.
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Persson, Mathias. "Simultaneous Data Management in Sensor-Based Systems using Disaggregation and Processing." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188856.
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To enable high performance data management for sensor-based systems the system components in an architecture has to be tailored to the situation at hand. Therefore, each component has to handle a massive amount of data independently, and at the same time cooperate with other components within a system. To facilitate rapid data processing between components, a model detailing the flow of information and specifying internal component structures will assist in faster and more reliable system designs. This thesis presents a model for a scalable, safe, reliable and high performing system for managing sensor-based data. Based on the model a prototype is developed that can be used to handle a large amount of messages from various distributed sensors. The different components within the prototype are evaluated and their advantages and disadvantages are presented. The result merits the architecture of the prototype and validates the initial requirements of how it should operate to achieve high performance. By combining components with individual advantages, a system can be designed that allows a high amount of simultaneous data to be disaggregated into its respective category, processed to make the information usable and stored in a database for easy access to interested parties.Om ett system som hanterar sensorbaserad data ska kunna prestera bra måste komponenterna som ingår i systemet vara skräddarsydda för att hantera olika situationer. Detta betyder att varje enskild komponent måste individuellt kunna hantera stora simultana datamängder, samtidigt som de måste samarbeta med de andra komponenterna i systemet. För att underlätta snabb bearbetning av data mellan komponenter kan en modell, som specificerar informationsflödet och interna strukturer hos komponenterna, assistera i skapande av snabbare och mer tillförlitliga systemarkitekturer. I denna uppsats presenteras en modell för skapande av skalbara, säkra, tillförlitliga och bra presterande system som hanterar sensor-baserad data. En prototyp utvecklas, baserad på modellen, som kan hantera en stor mängd meddelanden från distribuerade sensorer. De olika komponenterna som används i prototypen utvärderas och deras för- och nackdelar presenteras. Resultatet visar att arkitekturen hos prototypen fungerar enligt de initiala kraven om hur bra systemet ska prestera. Genom att kombinera individuella styrkor hos komponenterna kan ett system skapas som tillåter stora mängder data att bli fördelat enligt deras typ, behandlat för att få fram relevant information och lagrat i en databas för enkel tillgång.
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Clanton, Joshua M. Bevly David M. Hodel A. Scottedward. "GPS and inertial sensor enhancements for vision-based highway lane tracking." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Summer/Theses/CLANTON_JOSHUA_8.pdf.
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Ozgeneci, Ercin Mehmet. "Mems Sensor Based Underwater Ahrs(attitude And Heading Reference System) Aided By Compass And Pressure Sensor." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614619/index.pdf.
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Attitude and Heading angles are crucial parameters for navigation. Conventional navigation methods mostly uses IMU and GPS devices to calculate these angles. MEMS technology offers small sized, low cost IMU sensors with moderate performance. However, GPS cannot be used in underwater. Therefore, different aiding sensors are used in underwater vehicles in order to increase the accuracy. As the accuracy of devices increases, the cost of these devices also increases. In this thesis, rather than using GPS and high quality IMU sensors, low cost MEMS IMU sensor is used together with a magnetometer and a pressure sensor as aiding sensors. Considering the IMU error model and motion dynamics, two systems are designed and simulated using real data. The results seem to be satisfactory and using pressure sensor as an aiding sensor improves the attitude angles estimation.
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Black, Richard Allyn. "A flush mounted microelectromechanical system (MEMS) pressure and flow sensor based air data system /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10012.
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Lundell, Niklas. "A vision based on surveillance system using a wireless sensor network." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-105151.
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The aim of this thesis project is to implement a vision based surveillance system in a wireless sensor network running the Contiki operating system. After a comparative review of experimental cameras the decision fell on the Cmucam3. Hardware and software to integrate the camera with a Tmote Sky mote were created. In this way, the camera can be controlled with the Contiki operation system and images can be transferred to the sensors memory for further processing and forwarding to other network nodes. Due to the lack of memory on the sensor nodes, the prospect of image compression was investigated. To save energy, the system uses an energy efficient onboard light sensor to detect ambivalent changes that would occur in the presence of, for instance, intruders or fire. When these sensors detect changes, the more energy consuming camera gets activated. The detection mechanism uses a Cusum algorithm which filters out irrelevant disturbances while maintaining high sensitivity to unexpected changes. An evaluation of the system using multiple motes running the energy efficient detection algorithm demonstrates rapid detection and transmission times of about 2 seconds.
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Begum, Shahina. "A Personalised Case-Based Stress Diagnosis System Using Physiological Sensor Signals." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12257.
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Stress is an increasing problem in our present world. It is recognised that increased exposure to stress may cause serious health problems if undiagnosed and untreated. In stress medicine, clinicians’ measure blood pressure, Electrocardiogram (ECG), finger temperature and respiration rate etc. during a number of exercises to diagnose stress-related disorders. However, in practice, it is difficult and tedious for a clinician to understand, interpret and analyze complex, lengthy sequential sensor signals. There are few experts who are able to diagnose and predict stress-related problems. Therefore, a system that can help clinicians in diagnosing stress is important. This research work has investigated Artificial Intelligence techniques for developing an intelligent, integrated sensor system to establish diagnosis and treatment plans in the psychophysiological domain. This research uses physiological parameters i.e., finger temperature (FT) and heart rate variability (HRV) for quantifying stress levels. Large individual variations in physiological parameters are one reason why case-based reasoning is applied as a core technique to facilitate experience reuse by retrieving previous similar cases. Feature extraction methods to represent important features of original signals for case indexing are investigated. Furthermore, fuzzy techniques are also employed and incorporated into the case-based reasoning system to handle vagueness and uncertainty inherently existing in clinicians’ reasoning. The evaluation of the approach is based on close collaboration with experts and measurements of FT and HRV from ECG data. The approach has been evaluated with clinicians and trial measurements on subjects (24+46 persons). An expert has ranked and estimated the similarity for all the subjects during classification. The result shows that the system reaches a level of performance close to an expert in both the cases. The proposed system could be used as an expert for a less experienced clinician or as a second opinion for an experienced clinician to supplement their decision making tasks in stress diagnosis.
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Raman, Baranidharan. "Sensor-based machine olfaction with neuromorphic models of the olfactory system." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4984.
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Electronic noses combine an array of cross-selective gas sensors with a pattern recognition engine to identify odors. Pattern recognition of multivariate gas sensor response is usually performed using existing statistical and chemometric techniques. An alternative solution involves developing novel algorithms inspired by information processing in the biological olfactory system. The objective of this dissertation is to develop a neuromorphic architecture for pattern recognition for a chemosensor array inspired by key signal processing mechanisms in the olfactory system. Our approach can be summarized as follows. First, a high-dimensional odor signal is generated from a chemical sensor array. Three approaches have been proposed to generate this combinatorial and high dimensional odor signal: temperature-modulation of a metal-oxide chemoresistor, a large population of optical microbead sensors, and infrared spectroscopy. The resulting high-dimensional odor signals are subject to dimensionality reduction using a self-organizing model of chemotopic convergence. This convergence transforms the initial combinatorial high-dimensional code into an organized spatial pattern (i.e., an odor image), which decouples odor identity from intensity. Two lateral inhibitory circuits subsequently process the highly overlapping odor images obtained after convergence. The first shunting lateral inhibition circuits perform gain control enabling identification of the odorant across a wide range of concentration. This shunting lateral inhibition is followed by an additive lateral inhibition circuit with center-surround connections. These circuits improve contrast between odor images leading to more sparse and orthogonal patterns than the one available at the input. The sharpened odor image is stored in a neurodynamic model of a cortex. Finally, anti-Hebbian/ Hebbian inhibitory feedback from the cortical circuits to the contrast enhancement circuits performs mixture segmentation and weaker odor/background suppression, respectively. We validate the models using experimental datasets and show our results are consistent with recent neurobiological findings.
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Palm, Bradley C., and Ryan P. Richter. "Mobile situational awareness tool: unattended ground sensor-based remote surveillance system." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/43971.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe listening post/observation post is a method employed by infantry units in combat to increase battlefield situational awareness and prevent surprise by the enemy. This technique is costly to the employing unit in terms of manpower requirements and increased risk to friendly personnel. To reduce these costs, we created a prototype, the Mobile Situational Awareness Tool, that combined commercial off-the-shelf components with wireless unattended ground sensors for the purpose of automating the listening post/observation post for the tactical infantry unit. The prototype system incorporated wireless sensor node prototypes created by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, originally intended for the creation of a smart minefield. A web application was created using a custom Node.js server that enabled cross-platform monitoring of the system by warfighters in the field with mobile smart-devices to include smart-phones and tablets. Field-testing of the prototype showed the system capable of detecting and classifying intruders in the sensor field but revealed that more robust threat classification algorithms utilizing multiple sensor modalities would yield a greater degree of automation and autonomy.
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Nordin, Emil, and Lucas Manfredh. "A scalable web-based system handling sensor data from smart homes." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254400.
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A smart home is a building equipped with sensors collecting data about its environment. Data collected from smart home buildings can be used for research to improve home automation and develop smart cities. A scalable web-based system can be used to handle the large quantities of data generated from smart homes. Previous studies have been conducted on the requirements of a system collecting sensor data from smart homes, however, information about the presentation of data is still lacking. Because of this research needs to be done on what kind of system handles and presents sensor data well.The aim of this degree project is to identify the requirements of a web-based system handling and presenting sensor data. A scalable web-based system is developed based on the requirements identified from interviews and a literature study. The system shows that sensor data can be presented in a manner which facilitates research. Results show that a scalable web-based system can be used to display and download sensor data with associated information about the data.Ett smart hem är en byggnad utrustad med sensorer som samlar data om sin miljö. Data insamlad från smarta hem kan leda till förbättringar i hemautomatisering och utvecklingen av smarta städer. Ett skalbart webbaserat system kan användas för att hantera stora mängder data som genereras utav smarta hem. Tidigare studier har genomförts för att framställa kraven utav ett system som samlar in data från smarta hem, dock saknas fortfarande information om hur denna data ska presenteras. På grund av detta behövs forskning om vilket typ av system som kan hantera och presentera data.Målet med detta examensarbete är att identifiera kraven för ett webbaserat system som hanterar och presenterar sensordata. Ett skalbart webbaserat system utvecklas baserat på krav identifierade genom intervjuer och en literaturstudie. Systemet visar att sensor data kan presenteras på ett sätt som underlättar forskning. Resultatet visar att ett skalbart webbaserat system kan användas för att visa och ladda ned sensordata med tillhörande information om datan.
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Celik, Numan. "Wireless graphene-based electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor including multiple physiological measurement system." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/15698.
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In this thesis, a novel graphene (GN) based electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor is designed, constructed and tested to validate the concept of coating GN, which is a highly electrically conductive material, on Ag substrates of conventional electrodes. The background theory, design, experiments and results for the proposed GN-based ECG sensor are also presented. Due to the attractive electrical and physical characteristics of graphene, a new ECG sensor was investigated by coating GN onto itself. The main focus of this project was to examine the effect of GN on ECG monitoring and to compare its performance with conventional methods. A thorough investigation into GN synthesis on Ag substrate was conducted, which was accompanied by extensive simulation and experimentation. A GN-enabled ECG electrode was characterised by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy along with electrical resistivity and conductivity measurements. The results obtained from the GN characteristic experimentation on Raman spectroscopy, detected a 2D peak in the GN-coated electrode, which was not observed with the conventional Ag/AgCl electrode. SEM characterisation also revealed that a GN coating smooths the surface of the electrode and hence, improves the skin-to-electrode contact. Furthermore, a comparison regarding the electrical conductivity calculation was made between the proposed GN-coated electrodes and conventional Ag/AgCl ones. The resistance values obtained were 212.4 Ω and 28.3 Ω for bare and GN-coated electrodes, respectively. That indicates that the electrical conductivity of GN-based electrodes is superior and hence, it is concluded that skin-electrode contact impedance can be lowered by their usage. Additional COMSOL simulation was carried out to observe the effect of an electrical field and surface charge density using GN-coated and conventional Ag/AgCl electrodes on a simplified human skin model. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the addition of electrical field and surface charge capabilities and hence, coating GN on Ag substrates was validated through this simulation. This novel ECG electrode was tested with various types of electrodes on ten different subjects in order to analyse the obtained ECG signals. The experimental results clearly showed that the proposed GN-based electrode exhibits the best performance in terms of ECG signal quality, detection of critical waves of ECG morphology (P-wave, QRS complex and T-wave), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with 27.0 dB and skin-electrode contact impedance (65.82 kΩ at 20 Hz) when compared to those obtained by conventional a Ag/AgCl electrode. Moreover, this proposed GN-based ECG sensor was integrated with core body temperature (CBT) sensor in an ear-based device, which was designed and printed using 3D technology. Subsequently, a finger clipped photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor was integrated with the two-sensors in an Arduino based data acquisition system, which was placed on the subject's arm to enable a wearable multiple physiological measurement system. The physiological information of ECG and CBT was obtained from the ear of the subject, whilst the PPG signal was acquired from the finger. Furthermore, this multiple physiological signal was wirelessly transmitted to the smartphone to achieve continuous and real-time monitoring of physiological signals (ECG, CBT and PPG) on a dedicated app developed using the Java programming language. The proposed system has plenty of room for performance improvement and future development will make it adaptabadaptable, hence being more convenient for the users to implement other applications than at present.
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Svensson, August. "Range-based Wireless Sensor Network Localization for Planetary Rovers." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Rymdteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-83213.
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Obstacles faced in planetary surface exploration require innovation in many areas, primarily that of robotics. To be able to study interesting areas that are by current means hard to reach, such as steep slopes, ravines, caves andlava tubes, the surface vehicles of today need to be modified or augmented. Oneaugmentation with such a goal is PHALANX (Projectile Hordes for AdvancedLong-term and Networked eXploration), a prototype system being developed atthe NASA Ames Research Center. PHALANX uses remote deployment of expendablesensor nodes from a lander or rover vehicle. This enables in-situ measurementsin hard-to-reach areas with reduced risk to the rover. The deployed sensornodes are equipped with capabilities to transmit data wirelessly back to therover and to form a network with the rover and other nodes. Knowledge of the location of deployed sensor nodes and the momentary locationof the rover is greatly desired. PHALANX can be of aid in this aspect as well.With the addition of inter-node and rover-to-node range measurements, arange-based network SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) system can beimplemented for the rover to use while it is driving within the network. Theresulting SLAM system in PHALANX shares characteristics with others in the SLAM literature, but with some additions that make it unique. One crucial additionis that the rover itself deploys the nodes. Another is the ability for therover to more accurately localize deployed nodes by external sensing, such asby utilizing the rover cameras. In this thesis, the SLAM of PHALANX is studied by means of computer simulation.The simulation software is created using real mission values and valuesresulting from testing of the PHALANX prototype hardware. An overview of issuesthat a SLAM solution has to face as present in the literature is given in thecontext of the PHALANX SLAM system, such as poor connectivity, and highlycollinear placements of nodes. The system performance and sensitivities arethen investigated for the described issues, using predicted typical PHALANXapplication scenarios. The results are presented as errors in estimated positions of the sensor nodesand in the estimated position of the rover. I find that there are relativesensitivities to the investigated parameters, but that in general SLAM inPHALANX is fairly insensitive. This gives mission planners and operatorsgreater flexibility to prioritize other aspects important to the mission athand. The simulation software developed in this thesis work also has thepotential to be expanded on as a tool for mission planners to prepare forspecific mission scenarios using PHALANX.
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Li, Xiaojing School of Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications & School of Surveying & Spatial Information Systems UNSW. "Optimal integrated multi-sensor system for full-scale structural monitoring based on advanced signal processing." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications & School of Surveying and Spatial Information Systems, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/27284.
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Modern civil structures as well as loads on them are still too complex to be accurately modeled or simulated. Therefore, structural failures and structural defects are NOT uncommon! More and more full-scale structural monitoring systems have been deployed in order to monitor how structures behave under various loading conditions. This research focuses on how to maximise benefits from such full-scale measurements by employing advanced digital signal processing techniques. This study is based on accelerometer and GPS data collected on three very different structures, namely, the steel tower in Tokyo, the long and slender suspension bridge in Hong Kong, and the tall office tower in Sydney, under a range of loading conditions, i.e., typhoon, earthquake, heavy traffic, and small scale wind. Systematic analysis of accelerometer and GPS data has demonstrated that the two sensors complement each other in monitoring the static, quasi-static and dynamic movements of the structures. It has also been confirmed that the Finite Element Model could under-estimate the natural frequencies of structures by more than 40% in some case. The effectiveness of using wavelet to de-noise GPS measurement has been demonstrated. The weakness and strengths of accelerometer and GPS have been identified and framework has been developed on how to integrate the two as well as how to optimize the integration. The three-dimensional spectral analysis framework has been developed which can track the temporal evolution of all the frequency components and effectively represents the result in the 3D spectrogram of frequency, time and magnitude. The dominant frequency can also be tracked on the 3D mesh to vividly illustrate the damping signature of the structure. The frequency domain coherent analysis based on this 3D analysis framework can further enhance the detection of common signals between sensors. The developed framework can significantly improve the visualized performance of the integrated system without increasing hardware costs. Indoor experiments have shown the excellent characteristics of the optical fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) for deformation monitoring. Innovative and low-cost approach has been developed to measure the shift of FBG???s central wavelength. Furthermore, a schematic design has been completed to multiplex FBGs in order to enable distributed monitoring. In collaboration with the University of Sydney, the first Australian full-scale structural monitoring system of GPS and accelerometer has been deployed on the Latitude Tower in Sydney to support current and future research.
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Joshi, Chinmay P. "CMOS based autonomous multifunctional sensor system." 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1588784001&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=39334&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Buffalo, 2008.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Jan. 21, 2009) Available through UMI ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Thesis adviser: Titus, Albert H. Includes bibliographical references.
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Chang, Chih-kai, and 張智凱. "Implementation of an Embedded System Based Sensor Network System." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96172732231635408854.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
資訊工程系碩士班
96
An embedded system controlled wireless sensor network system was successfully developed in this study. The sensor node was using a MCS51 microcontroller to control a Zigbee chip which was followed the IEEE 802.15.4.standard. The MCS51 can handle up to 16 IOs and an UART port which the user to develop their applications. The embedded system acted as coordinator which can handle the sensor nodes and record their status. A CGI interface lets the user can easily control and monitor all sensor nodes through internet browser anywhere. This system can successfully detect the control command from the IO of sensor node. The IO status is sent to embedded system and records it. This system also can display to the web page if a browser connect to this system. The user can connect to this system through web browser to send the control command. The control commands can send to the target node successfully.
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Shiu, Je-Ming, and 許哲銘. "UHF Band SAW Based RFID Sensor System." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73858639560376063654.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
應用力學研究所
94
Among the various identification systems that are currently in development, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems show the most potential due to their wireless sensing capabilities, making them highly suited for remote monitoring and measurement systems. A RFID system consists primarily of a reader unit and transponder. The interrogation signal emitted from the reader unit is reflected by the transponder, and the information on the transponder is embedded into this reflected signal. This reflected signal is picked up by the reader unit, reading the information on the transponder. By combining an antenna with a surface acoustic wave (SAW) device, a passive RFID transponder that do not require any external power source could be achieved. In this thesis Abbott’s Coupling Of Mode (COM) theory is used to simulate and analyze the frequency response of the UHF SAW based RFID tag. Furthermore, inverse fast Fourier transform is applied in order to obtain the time domain response by which the coded information is encoded. Using the result of simulation, parameters such as substrate, finger pairs of the InterDigital Transducer (IDT), and apertures in frequency and time domain were discussed. By considering the influences of an external load (sensor) on the boundary conditions of the tag, we can simulate the results of varying load. Finally, different designs of SAW based RFID tags with central frequency of 433MHz were fabricated on the 128°Y-X LiNbO3 using Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) techniques. The experimental result and simulation results are compared and the COM theory proof to be suitable for analysis of SAW based RFID tag. Using these results, guiding rules for the designing of SAW based RFID tags are proposed and a single tag capable of carrying multiple independent codes is designed and fabricated. In conclusion, this thesis utilized the COM theory to analyze SAW based RFID tag, and designed a novel dual band RFID tag. This dual band RFID tag can reduce cost and increase the amount of information carried by a single tag. Hopefully, this SAW based RFID tag will be widely employed in monitoring and measurement applications.
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TSAI, NING, and 蔡寧. "Smart Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Sensor System." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7bbp75.
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碩士逢甲大學
光電學系
105
Optical fiber sensor systems have attracted increasing attention with the rise of the optoelectronic industry. Hence, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) device has great potential for sensing in the smart structures and environment. In this thesis, the first experimental setup is fault self-detection technique in FBG-based passive sensor network. Here, once the connecting fiber or FBG sensor is broken, it can be detected and located immediately. Furthermore, the capability of the proposed sensor network also can be enhanced. In the next experiment, the proposed FBG sensor system by utilizing intensity and wavelength division multiplexing (I-WDM) detection technique can increase the capacity and capability. Here, the FBG sensors connect can be connected to the different intensity-coding ports for sensing application. Therefore, the proposed FBG sensor system not only can sense the temperature and strain simultaneously, but also can increase the sensing capacity and capability. In the final experiment, we use the proper cavity loss characteristic for a stable single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) erbium-doped fiber (EDF) ring laser. A proper cavity loss is utilized for suppression of side-mode significantly. Moreover, to reach wavelength-selection, FBG and tunable bandpass filter (TBF) are employed for demonstrated. The output performance and stability of the proposed laser are also discussed.
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CHENG, HUI-CHUAN, and 鄭蕙娟. "Inertial Sensor Based Gait Motion Capture System." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47647227302391627310.
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碩士國立臺北大學
電機工程學系
104
Gait analysis is not only important in the use for research of locomotion but also substantially related to the rehabilitations or surgical treatments of patients who have lower limb disorders. The analysis is generally based on the kinetic information which has been collected during the patients' locomotion. A traditional method to acquire the kinetic information relies seriously on a multiple-camera based system which calculates and converts video-marker positions inside the independently multi-dimensional videos to the exact positions. Due to limitation of the camera viewing scope, the markers have to be initially calibrated first before use, and the patients' locomotion also have to be restricted within a limited region which all the camera viewing scope can cover. In this study, a wireless wearable gait motion capture system has been proposed to substitute the video-based method. By a series of inertial sensors attached to the human body, measurements based on the embodiment of the inertial sensors are acquired to estimate the kinetics of the locomotion. The motion capture system is no more restricted in a local area. For gait pattern assessment, a Quaternion Extended Kalman Filter (QEKF), which transforms the sensor measures from a local coordinate to the global coordinate, and removes sensory noises, is used for the kinetic assessment. Together with the QEKF, a new method to align the baseline of calculation is proposed, and is a key to achieve the performance. By wearing on the thighs, shanks and feet of a person, the sensors with their triaxial accelerometer measure and the inclination angle of the segments to calculate lower extremity joint (either hips, knees or ankles of both legs) angle. The time series of inclination angles of the hips, knees and ankles then form the gait patterns of the person. In the developing stage, the system is developed under the reference and calibration of the simultaneous gait pattern acquired by a PTI motion tracking system to obtain a reliable model accuracy. After the development, repeated experiments and long-distance outdoor locomotion tests were applied for verification and validation to guarantee the system performance.
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Huang, Chin-Hsiang, and 黃俊翔. "A Sensor-Based Sun-Tracking Energy Harvest System." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05695256774566101506.
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碩士國立交通大學
資訊科學與工程研究所
98
The goal of sun-tracking system is to control the angle of the solar panel with a certain degree of accuracy to utilize the energy gain. The main goal of our work is to develop a low-cost and energy-efficient close-loop solar tracking system which utilizes light sensors to estimate the incident angle and azimuth angle of the sun light. In this paper, we first study the k-sensing tower sun-tracking problem. Then, we propose a sphere-rotated solar-tracking algorithm to solve the problem that uses k-sensing tower to efficiently track the sun. We also conduct several simulations to find rotation count with the impact of k (shape of sensing tower) and the inclination angle ? of the sensing tower in whole daytime. Additionally, we show that our method has better performance than the traditional system on the power generation effective. Moreover, we implement the solar tracking system by using a sensing tower and a robot arm. The sensing tower will estimate the azimuth and light incident angle. Therefore, the sensing tower will trigger the robot arm rotating according to our estimated angles to achieve sun tracking system.
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Chien, Hsiang-Lin, and 簡湘潾. "Indoor Environment Detection System Based on Kinect Sensor." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18027860788004990349.
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碩士國立中正大學
電機工程研究所
101
The main objective of this study is to construct an environmental detection system to help the blind or mobile robots to be familiar with the indoor environment. In this study, we construct the 3D point cloud and 2D depth map to detect the plane and staircases in the environments using the low-cost Kinect sensor. In plane detection, we firstly downsample the data, reduce the amount of points and make the cloud data more uniformly distributed after the construction of the 3D point cloud. Then we process the data by using the RANSAC algorithm and estimate the normal vector to classify all the detected plane. All of the planes from the environment that are perpendicular to the ground will be detected. In order to detect the staircases, we firstly transform the detected depth distance in the range of 0 to 4 meters into depth map with values between 0 and 255. The noise are reduced by the proposed pre-processing algorithm. Edge detection and Hough line detection follow to find all the straight lines in the depth map. Finally, a series of judgment are applied to all the detected straight lines to detect the lines we are interested and these distances are calculated as outputs. Through computer simulation, we have proved the capability of our algorithm in efficiently detecting the ground planes and the huge planes that are perpendicular to the ground. It can also distinguish the staircases of going upstairs or going downstairs. Although some errors exists in the estimated distance between the sensor and the plane or the distance between the sensor and the detected lines, they are within the acceptable levels. However, the errors seem to increase with the level of sensor noise and the distance detected. It is usually take longer time in processing point clouds. The processing speed is no more than 1 second on the Desktop PC but increased to around 10 second on the Laptop PC to process a frame. Comparatively, staircase detection using depth map is solely based on image processing, thus less calculation is needed and can be processed in real-time even on the Laptop PC.
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Huang, Chung-Hsin, and 黃忠信. "Streetlight Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Networks." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52554745588693853342.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
電子工程系
98
Streetlights are necessary for an urban area. However, there is no an effective monitoring system to maintain their functions for normal operating. In Taiwan, power outages occur frequently in the mountain areas whenever a typhoon or earthquake strikes. The lamppost fixed in mountain areas often collapse so that the streetlights are unable to provide emergency lighting. For the purpose of energy saving, emergency lighting and monitoring, we proposes an LED based light monitoring system, which combines an MSP430 microcontroller, solar cells and various sensing elements with a Zigbee radio transmission. We hope to enhance the performance efficiently in the management and maintenance of streetlights. This can be done by changing the luminance intelligently and providing emergency lighting in times of power outages. All of signals taken from sensors are processed in the MSP430 microcontroller. Finally, using the Zigbee wireless transmission of the mesh topology approach, the information relative to lights will be transmitted back to a relay station. Relay station and the terminal control station of the monitoring system that uses VB (Visual Basic) and Ajax (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) technology by means of Google Map will receive information of each streetlight to XML format, and then send to the terminal control station and display on the Google Map. Users can monitor the streetlight of within the selected region. In addition, user can directly click the light icons on the Map to view their information. In this dissertation, the simulated LED light whose total power consumption is 2.88W. When the LED light is not working, the LED lights will be marked a red icon as a fault; and the icon is green under normal operation in the daytime but yellow at night.
43
Guo, Zhao-hao, and 郭櫂豪. "Hydrogen Sensor System Based on Gray Polynomial Algorithm." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19008437992929653431.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
資訊工程系碩士班
99
In this study, a predict system of gas concentration was established successfully. Furthermore, a new algorithm was contracted to make up the data which experimental lacks. Because of experimental constraints, the gas sensor in the experiment will not measure all gas concentrations, especially the gas is dangerous. In our study, the test gas is hydrogen. Hydrogen gas is a colorless, tasteless, odorless, non-toxic flammable gas. In addition, hydrogen gas also is a kind of easy to spontaneous combustion and explosive gas. When the hydrogen concentration in the air at the range of 4.65 - 93.9 vol %, it maybe in danger of explosion. In monitoring the gas, the hydrogen sensor transfers the hydrogen-sensing signal to sensing current for digital application. As mentioned above, hydrogen gas is a dangerous gas, it will not be measured every concentration. Hence, it is necessary to estimate every concentration accurately. In this study, the pre-earning mechanism was established based on gray polynomial interpolation and prediction algorithm. Finally, the full functionality was achieved in FPGA through hardware description language (Verilog HDL). The gray algorithm has advantages, including a small amount of data modeling, low computational complexity, and high computing speed, and so on. In this study, the required time to adding one simulation point based on the gray polynomial interpolation (GPI) is only 586mS. And the computing required time with gray polynomial prediction method (GPPM) for identify predicted hydrogen concentration spent just 15.337μs. We can predict hydrogen concentration before 10 seconds before, with considerable accuracy and excellent security.
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Ruan, Ge Zhu Sencun. "Sensorear a sensor network based voice eavesdropping system /." 2008. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/PSUonlyIndex/ETD-3340/index.html.
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Chen, Yung-Shan, and 陳泳杉. "Arduino-based Wireless Sensor System for Object Detection." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7f4a3q.
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碩士元智大學
資訊管理學系
104
The purpose of this research is to design an Arduino-based device wireless sensor system for object detection. The advantages of Arduino is that it is easy to program and inexpensive. In addition, there are many open-source libraries and tutorials ready to be used and referenced for free. In this case, we can learn faster and develop more programs.
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Chen, Lin-Wei, and 陳林暐. "Birds-Expelling System Based on Wireless Sensor Techniques." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86620671117729446721.
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碩士聖約翰科技大學
資訊與通訊系碩士班
103
In this study, wireless sensor, ZigBee, Bluetooth and mobile APP technique is used together to create a smart mechanism bird-expelling system to reduce long-term suffering from bird destroying perfect crop. This system uses a variety of sensors to detect intrusion of birds and then send a message wirelessly to the expelling system, which is built everywhere on the property, resulting in emitting of sound or actions to expel birds. Expel equipment contains slap squealer, waving flooding scare, beep alarm, and timing player. Using one or a combination of those devices can be made with a variety of functions of the birds-expelling system. By using a combination of various birds-expelling methods as compared to a single mode will prevent birds from forming adaptation. If birds adapt to the expelling system, they will not fear and will continue to peck crops. The goal of this system is to solve the problem of shortage of staff on the pastoral to expel birds. To enhance and increase efficiency, APP technique was used to let user use cell-phone to have control over the switch for the bird-expelling system.
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Huang, Chun-Kai, and 黃俊凱. "MEMS-based Sensor Applications for Land Vehicle Positioning System." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72952177744896685223.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
93
Recent years progress in the field of micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) has made low cost inertial devices become a possible option for land vehicle. In the hardware implementation part of this thesis, we discussed characteristics and interface designs for various sensors. In the digital signal process theoretical, first we designed a complementary filter according to the sensors noise characteristic. Then we designed a Kalman filter to integrate the compass, accelerometer, and gyroscope sensors output. By using the relationship between the constrain motion of the vehicle positions, speeds, accelerations, and sensors noises, sensor noise and drifts are effectively removed.
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Lee, Shi-Wen, and 李習文. "Hall Sensor Based System Development for Adiponectin Detecting Application." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21317772249305875241.
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碩士中原大學
電子工程研究所
99
This system is used to detect nano-beads, in the enzyme-linked immuno assay to inspect adiponectin. The entire system is consists of three parts: the detection platform, traditional array of sensing Hall elements, and read out for the Hall voltage signal processing circuit. The detection platform is used for adiponectin. We use nano-particles magnetic beads to replace the traditional enzyme linked antibody. The magnetic beads and the adiponectic have linear relationship. The traditional array of sensing Hall elements is used in the sensing area. To avoid the uneven distribution of signal in the sensor platform, the sensor arrays is used for analysis and detection. Hall element is used to detect the changes in the magnetic bead, which causes the magnetic field to change. Switch is used to control the sensor array. The mixed analog multiplexer is used to determine digital output Hall voltage. The read out for the Hall voltage signal processing circuit is used for reading out the Hall voltage displacement amplification and signal processing. The detection of small objects of 6~10 nm of the beads must be used to enhance the sensitivity of the amplifier circuit 40 V / μAT up to 1250 V / μAT. With different testing environment, background noise is different; therefore it is reduced so that the circuit will have an accurate result. This paper uses TSMC 0.35μm 2P4M bioMEMS process. After the integration of Hall element and the readout integrated circuit technology, hall element sensitivity will be increased.
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Zhou, Bin. "An indoor localization system based on wireless sensor networks." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31065.
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Although the Global Position System (GPS) can help to navigate around the world, it cannot provide useful information in an indoor environment. I developed an indoor localization system using wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This system has two goals: (1) to make a system that runs for long duration without changing or charging batteries, and (2) to obtain more accurate position estimates of the target nodes using received signal strength indicator (RSSI) values than other localization systems using different localization algorithms. I chose ANT radio due to its lower power consumption. I applied a fingerprinting-based algorithm and used the parameters of the closest point to the estimated target node to calculate the final position of a target node. A local weighted k-Nearest Neighbour algorithm was proposed to estimate the position of a mobile node. I compared my system to other indoor localization systems to assess its performance.February 2016
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Liu, Shih-Hsien, and 劉士賢. "Motion Capture System Based on Magnetic and Inertial Sensor." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82z22a.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
資訊工程系
99
Applications of motion capture are widespread, and they have been extensively used in movie, video game industries. Although accuracy of traditional optical motion capture systems is high, they are very expensive and only suitable for limited space, thus constraining their applications. We implement a low cost, real-time motion capture system that combines magnetometer, accelerometer and gyroscope. At first the zero-offset bias and scale error were corrected, and then we use this corrected measurement data to calculate orientation by complementary filter or kalman filer. A user should do T pose calibration while binding sensor boards to body segments to calculate sensor board-body segment offset, and then we can use this offset and orientation of sensor board to calculate angle of joints, thus the capture of the overall motion.