To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Sensor configurations.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sensor configurations'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Sensor configurations.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
O?Keefe, Stephen A. "Autonomous Sun-Direction Estimation Using Partially Underdetermined Coarse Sun Sensor Configurations." Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3704787.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years there has been a significant increase in interest in smaller satellites as lower cost alternatives to traditional satellites, particularly with the rise in popularity of the CubeSat. Due to stringent mass, size, and often budget constraints, these small satellites rely on making the most of inexpensive hardware components and sensors, such as coarse sun sensors (CSS) and magnetometers. More expensive high-accuracy sun sensors often combine multiple measurements, and use specialized electronics, to deterministically solve for the direction of the Sun. Alternatively, cosine-type CSS output a voltage relative to the input light and are attractive due to their very low cost, simplicity to manufacture, small size, and minimal power consumption. This research investigates using coarse sun sensors for performing robust attitude estimation in order to point a spacecraft at the Sun after deployment from a launch vehicle, or following a system fault. As an alternative to using a large number of sensors, this thesis explores sun-direction estimation techniques with low computational costs that function well with underdetermined sets of CSS. Single-point estimators are coupled with simultaneous nonlinear control to achieve sun-pointing within a small percentage of a single orbit despite the partially underdetermined nature of the sensor suite. Leveraging an extensive analysis of the sensor models involved, sequential filtering techniques are shown to be capable of estimating the sun-direction to within a few degrees, with no a priori attitude information and using only CSS, despite the significant noise and biases present in the system. Detailed numerical simulations are used to compare and contrast the performance of the five different estimation techniques, with and without rate gyro measurements, their sensitivity to rate gyro accuracy, and their computation time. One of the key concerns with reducing the number of CSS is sensor degradation and failure. In this thesis, a Modified Rodrigues Parameter based CSS calibration filter suitable for autonomous on-board operation is developed. The sensitivity of this method's accuracy to the available Earth albedo data is evaluated and compared to the required computational effort. The calibration filter is expanded to perform sensor fault detection, and promising results are shown for reduced resolution albedo models. All of the methods discussed provide alternative attitude, determination, and control system algorithms for small satellite missions looking to use inexpensive, small sensors due to size, power, or budget limitations.
2
Cooper, James Roger. "Novel wireless sensor configurations incorporating isotropic radiators on conformal artificial magnetic conductors." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52246.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of the presented research is to develop a novel, ink-jet printed, chipless, passive, wireless sensor topology, which can radiate in a near isotropic pattern without interference from embedded devices, for use in dispersed sensor networks. This objective includes the development of a hardware based, uniquely identifiable, collision avoidance communication method, and an integrated sensor system that is easily integrated into the topology.
Wireless sensor networks can be and are used in military, medical and industrial applications; and the demand for them is ever growing. However, current sensor networks have various trade-offs and limitations, including cost, number of distinguishable nodes, and ease of manufacturing. These trade-offs lead to unique sensors needing to be designed for each situation. To develop a widely used module, a topology must be developed that can meet as many demands as possible with fair tradeoffs.
Many of the above proposed criteria for the topology are already integrated into RFID technology. Therefore, much of the research is the application and advancement of current RFID technology for the purpose of designing the topology. The research begins with the theory and design of conformal artificial magnetic conductors, which is used in the design of a near isotropic radiator and isolated core for device embedding. Then, novel fabrication techniques will be investigated and deployed in the fabrication of the topology. Next, a novel "smart skin" sensor is developed which is easily integrated into the desired fabrication technique. Finally, an anti-collision RFID circuit for on-tag placement, which is based on frequency-doubling transceivers, is designed, which can also be easily integrated into the final topology.
This module is designed for use with a variety of different sensors. This versatility gives it ruggedness for use in many different environments. For proof of concept, this topology is fabricated and tested against current commercially sold tags.
Through the design and testing of the radiator, circuitry, and embedded sensors, it is shown that this design is a suitable topology for use in many different environments and applications.
3
Coleman, William M. "Assessing the effects of multi-node sensor network configurations on the operational tempo." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/43892.
Full textAbstract:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe LPISimNet software tool provides the capability to quantify the performance of sensor network configurations by combining the information and physical domains. To combine the sensor network’s performance in a coherent context with a decision-maker, Boyd’s observe, orient, decide, act (OODA) loop is included along with its operational tempo. This thesis develops a new version of LPISimNet (LPISimNet(V)3) by correcting a code error and including a network comparison file. Additionally, this thesis evaluates the effects of different network configurations and size on the maximum operational tempo. Simulation results for a static network indicate that as the network size increases the rate at which decisions can be made declines. A prediction for further decline is presented based on the simulations. Also, dynamic network simulation results for a three-, four-, five-, and six-node network display the importance of node placement and network geometry to help offset network degradation due to range fluctuation between nodes. By surrounding the dynamic nodes of the network with static nodes, the maximum operational tempo can be bounded between an upper and lower limit, stabilizing the decision-making speed. Finally, the effect of electronic attack on the operational tempo is presented to display the robustness of a network.
4
Manohar, Greeshma. "Investigation of Various Surface Acoustic Wave Design Configurations for Improved Sensitivity." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4365.
Full textAbstract:
Surface acoustic wave sensors have been a focus of active research for many years. Its ability to respond for surface perturbation is a basic principle for its sensing capability. Sensitivity to surface perturbation changes with every inter-digital transducer (IDT) design parameters, substrate selection, metallization choice and technique, delay line length and working environment.
In this thesis, surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors are designed and characterized to improve sensitivity and reduce loss. To quantify the improvements with a specific design configuration, the sensors are employed to measure temperature. Four SAW sensors design configurations, namely bi-directional, split electrode, single phase unidirectional transducer (SPUDT) and metal grating on delay line (shear transvers wave sensors) are designed and then fabricated in Nanotechnology Research and Education Center (NREC) facility using traditional MEMS fabrication processes Additionally, sensors are then coated with guiding layer SU8-2035 of 40 m using spin coating and SiO2 of 6 m using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process. Sensors are later diced and tested for every 5oC increment using network analyzer for temperature ranging from 30oC–0.5oC to 80oC–0.5oC. Data acquired from network analyzer is analyzed using plot of logarithmic magnitude, phase and frequency shift.
Furthermore, to investigate the effect of metallization technique on the sensor performance, sensors are also fabricated on substrates that were metallized at a commercial MEMS foundry. All in-house and outside sputtered sensor configurations are compared to investigate quality of sputtered metal on wafer. One with better quality sputtered metal is chosen for further study. Later sensors coated with SU8 and SiO2 as guiding layer are compared to investigate effect of each waveguide on sensors and determine which waveguide offers better performance.
The results showed that company sputtered sensors have higher sensitivity compared to in-house sputtered wafers. Furthermore after comparing SU8 and SiO2 coated sensors in the same instrumental and environmental condition, it was observed that SU8 coated di-directional and single phase unidirectional transducer (SPUDT) sensors showed best response.
5
Axelsson, Tobias. "Diagnosis System Conceptual Design Utilizing Structural Methods : Applied on a UAV’s Fuel System." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2498.
Full textAbstract:
To simplify troubleshooting and reliability of a process, a diagnosis system can supervise the process and alarm if any faults are detected. A diagnosis system can also identify one, or several faults, i.e. isolate faults, that may have caused the alarm. If model-based diagnosis is used, tests based on observations from the process are compared to a model of the process to diagnose the process. It can be a hard task to find which tests to be used for maximal fault detection and fault isolation. Structural Methods require not very detailed knowledge of the process to be diagnosed and can be used to find such tests early in the design of new processes. Sensors are used to get observations of a process. Therefore, sensors placed on different positions in the process gives different possibilities for observations. A specific set of sensors are in this work called a sensor configuration.
This thesis contributes with a method to predict and examine the fault detection and fault isolation possibility. By using these two diagnosis properties, a suitable sensor configuration is computed and tests to be used in a future diagnosis system are suggested. For this task an algorithm which can be used in the design phase of diagnosis systems, and a Matlab implementation of this algorithm are described.
In one part of this work the Matlab implementation and the algorithm are used to study how a model-based diagnosis-system can be used to supervise the fuel system in an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV).
6
Boizard, Maxime. "Développement et études de performances de nouveaux détecteurs/filtres rang faible dans des configurations RADAR multidimensionnelles." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00996967.
Full textAbstract:
Dans le cadre du traitement statistique du signal, la plupart des algorithmes couramment utilisés reposent sur l'utilisation de la matrice de covariance des signaux étudiés. En pratique, ce sont les versions adaptatives de ces traitements, obtenues en estimant la matrice de covariance à l'aide d'échantillons du signal, qui sont utilisés. Ces algorithmes présentent un inconvénient : ils peuvent nécessiter un nombre d'échantillons important pour obtenir de bons résultats. Lorsque la matrice de covariance possède une structure rang faible, le signal peut alors être décomposé en deux sous-espaces orthogonaux. Les projecteurs orthogonaux sur chacun de ces sous espaces peuvent alors être construits, permettant de développer des méthodes dites rang faible. Les versions adaptatives de ces méthodes atteignent des performances équivalentes à celles des traitements classiques tout en réduisant significativement le nombre d'échantillons nécessaire. Par ailleurs, l'accroissement de la taille des données ne fait que renforcer l'intérêt de ce type de méthode. Cependant, cet accroissement s'accompagne souvent d'un accroissement du nombre de dimensions du système. Deux types d'approches peuvent être envisagées pour traiter ces données : les méthodes vectorielles et les méthodes tensorielles. Les méthodes vectorielles consistent à mettre les données sous forme de vecteurs pour ensuite appliquer les traitements classiques. Cependant, lors de la mise sous forme de vecteur, la structure des données est perdue ce qui peut entraîner une dégradation des performances et/ou un manque de robustesse. Les méthodes tensorielles permettent d'éviter cet écueil. Dans ce cas, la structure est préservée en mettant les données sous forme de tenseurs, qui peuvent ensuite être traités à l'aide de l'algèbre multilinéaire. Ces méthodes sont plus complexes à utiliser puisqu'elles nécessitent d'adapter les algorithmes classiques à ce nouveau contexte. En particulier, l'extension des méthodes rang faible au cas tensoriel nécessite l'utilisation d'une décomposition tensorielle orthogonale. Le but de cette thèse est de proposer et d'étudier des algorithmes rang faible pour des modèles tensoriels. Les contributions de cette thèse se concentrent autour de trois axes. Un premier aspect concerne le calcul des performances théoriques d'un algorithme MUSIC tensoriel basé sur la Higher Order Singular Value Decomposition (HOSVD) et appliqué à un modèle de sources polarisées. La deuxième partie concerne le développement de filtres rang faible et de détecteurs rang faible dans un contexte tensoriel. Ce travail s'appuie sur une nouvelle définition de tenseur rang faible et sur une nouvelle décomposition tensorielle associée : l'Alternative Unfolding HOSVD (AU-HOSVD). La dernière partie de ce travail illustre l'intérêt de l'approche tensorielle basée sur l'AU-HOSVD, en appliquant ces algorithmes à configuration radar particulière: le Traitement Spatio-Temporel Adaptatif ou Space-Time Adaptive Process (STAP).
7
Ollesson, Niklas. "Automatic Configuration of Vision Sensor." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Datorseende, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-93415.
Full textAbstract:
In factory automation cameras and image processing algorithms can be used to inspect objects. This can decrease the faulty objects that leave the factory and reduce manual labour needed. A vision sensor is a system where camera and image processing is delivered together, and that only needs to be configured for the application that it is to be used for. Thus no programming knowledge is needed for the customer. In this Master’s thesis a way to make the configuration of a vision sensor even easier is developed and evaluated. The idea is that the customer knows his or her product much better than he or she knows image processing. The customer could take images of positive and negative samples of the object that is to be inspected. The algorithm should then, given these images, configure the vision sensor automatically. The algorithm that is developed to solve this problem is described step by step with examples to illustrate the problems that needed to be solved. Much of the focus is on how to compare two configurations to each other, in order to find the best one. The resulting configuration from the algorithm is then evaluated with respect to types of applications, computation time and representativeness of the input images.
8
Kim, Min Young. "Configuration and management of wireless sensor networks. /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Dec%5FKim%5FMin.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2005.Thesis Advisor(s): Gurminder Singh, Arijit Das. Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-129). Also available online.
9
Frank, Christian. "Role-based configuration of wireless sensor networks." kostenfrei, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/view/eth:30416.
Full text
10
Kim, Min Y. "Configuration and management of wireless sensor networks." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1763.
Full textAbstract:
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are expected to play an essential role in the upcoming age of pervasive computing. As a new research area, there are several open problems that need to be investigated. One such problem is configuration and management of WSNs. To deploy sensors efficiently in a wide area, we need to consider coverage, purpose and geographic situation. By considering these elements, we can make general deployment strategies. Another issue is management of various sensors in wide area. To handle these issues, we need approaches from different view, management levels, WSN functionalities, and management functional areas. In this thesis, I describe some of the key configuration and management problems in WSNs. Then, I present a newly developed application to address these problems.
11
Iqbal, Javed, and Farhan Moughal. "Wireless Sensor Network Setup : Wireless sensor motes embedded programing." Thesis, Halmstad University, Halmstad Embedded and Intelligent Systems Research (EIS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-5005.
Full textAbstract:
Exploitation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in ubiquitous computing environments is continuously increasing for gathering data. Contemporary distributed software systems on WSNs for pragmatic business applications have become extremely adaptive, dynamic, heterogeneous and large scaled. Management of such system is not trivial to fulfil these features, leading to more and more complex management and configuration. Along with encompassing state of art and novel techniques for such diversely dynamic system, in this thesis two alternative techniques namely “task initiation by command” and “run-time task deployment and processing” are compared, for such system’s setup and configuration. Both techniques have their own pros and cons which makes them suitable according to the requirements and contextual situations. A lot of effort has been put to make WSNs more and more efficient in terms of computations and power consumption. Hence comparative analysis of both techniques used in this report to setup and configure WSN can be a benchmark to lead towards most appropriate solution to compensate the need of efficient energy and resource consumption.Both alternative schemes are implemented to setup WSN on Sun Microsystems sunSPOT (Small Programmable Object Technology) sensor nodes which are embedded microcontrollers and programmed them in java (j2me). It performs radio communication between wireless sensors and host via sink node also called base station, along with over the air run-time management of sensors. SunSPOTs built in libraries and KSN libraries are used to implement these alternatives and compare the memory footprint, communication pattern and energy consumption.Exploitation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in ubiquitous computing environments is continuously increasing for gathering data. Contemporary distributed software systems on WSNs for pragmatic business applications have become extremely adaptive, dynamic, heterogeneous and large scaled. Management of such system is not trivial to fulfil these features, leading to more and more complex management and configuration. Along with encompassing state of art and novel techniques for such diversely dynamic system, in this thesis two alternative techniques namely “task initiation by command” and “run-time task deployment and processing” are compared, for such system’s setup and configuration. Both techniques have their own pros and cons which makes them suitable according to the requirements and contextual situations. A lot of effort has been put to make WSNs more and more efficient in terms of computations and power consumption. Hence comparative analysis of both techniques used in this report to setup and configure WSN can be a benchmark to lead towards most appropriate solution to compensate the need of efficient energy and resource consumption.Both alternative schemes are implemented to setup WSN on Sun Microsystems sunSPOT (Small Programmable Object Technology) sensor nodes which are embedded microcontrollers and programmed them in java (j2me). It performs radio communication between wireless sensors and host via sink node also called base station, along with over the air run-time management of sensors. SunSPOTs built in libraries and KSN libraries are used to implement these alternatives and compare the memory footprint, communication pattern and energy consumption.
12
Daniels, Geoffrey Philip. "An optimum visual sensor configuration for terrestrial locomotion." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.690379.
Full textAbstract:
Human technological advancement has continually created new opportunities for machinery to automate intensive tasks. However, these machines still need to be delivered and often controlled by humans. Autonomous Ground Vehicles (AGVs) can completely remove the locomotion dependency of these systems on humans, enabling a robotic revolution. The locomotive performance of AGVs is dependent on the quantity and quality of information received about the terrain ahead; for this purpose, vision is by far the most effective sense. Contextual machine vision is a new area of research where fundamental questions such as how to optimise a visual system specification for a locomotive platform to enable fast locomotion are yet to be addressed. In this thesis, abstract mathematical models of a generic vision sensor and generic locomotor platform were developed to investigate the relationship between sensor specification and locomotor performance with respect to a single key parameter, the maximum ground speed. Initially a static AGV model was investigated, before being expanded to include forward motion, thus enabling the maximum dynamic performance of an AGV to be evaluated. The vision sensor model was designed with interchangeable sensor geometries so that the performance of multiple sensor geometries could be compared. Two of the sensor geometries were designed to approximate a digital camera and human eye, while the third removed non-linearities associated with the detector. The optimum specification to enable maximum speed was defined by the geometry of the sensor. The achievable proximity to the optimum is restricted by system resolution. Generally the sensor geometries analogous to a digital camera and human eye outperformed the linearised model, however, this model can be made insensitive to sensor angle which can be advantageous. Optical flow algorithm performance was not directly effected by detector geometry. Although the resolution variation of the non-linearised detectors and locomotion context reduced tracking performance. Simulating pose error on the model with a random or systemic error resulted in the outcome that vision was a requirement for motion estimation, leading to the development of an AGV vision system for human AGVs. The performance of a visually limited, controlled, human AGV, in a virtual reality environment showed a minimum of 500 features was required for good performance at a foot placement task.
13
Parthasarathy, Rashmi. "Robust dynamic reprogramming of wireless sensor networks." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2009/r_parthasarathy_112309.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in computer science)--Washington State University, December 2009.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Jan. 20, 2010). "School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science." Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-64).
14
Stacey, Robert P. "Agent based association and configuration in dynamic industrial sensor networks." Thesis, University of Essex, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520057.
Full text
15
Darr, Timothy, Ronald Fernandes, Michael Graul, John Hamilton, and Charles H. Jones. "Automated Configuration and Validation of Instrumentation Networks." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606234.
Full textAbstract:
ITC/USA 2008 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fourth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 27-30, 2008 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThis paper describes the design and implementation of a test instrumentation network configuration and verification system. Given a multivendor instrument part catalog that contains sensor, actuator, transducer and other instrument data; user requirements (including desired measurement functions) and technical specifications; the instrumentation network configurator will select and connect instruments from the catalog that meet the requirements and technical specifications. The instrumentation network configurator will enable the goal of mixing and matching hardware from multiple vendors to develop robust solutions and to reduce the total cost of ownership for creating and maintaining test instrumentation networks.
16
Niederhausen, Matthias. "Graphical product-line configuration of nesC-based sensor network applications using feature models." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/938.
Full text
17
Bysice, Jason. "In-Situ Measurement of Wind Loads for Roof Edge Metal Configurations." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33002.
Full textAbstract:
The role of a roof on any building is to separate the interior environment of the building from the exterior environment, thereby making it a crucial component of the building design. Metal roof edges are the first line of defense against wind-induced loads on the roof system; however, data on the nature of these loads acting on the roof edge system is scarce. Previous studies with field measurements of wind pressure acting on the roof edge reported that metal flashings experienced negative pressure. These findings suggest that current building codes in North America (i.e. NBCC and ASCE codes) do not accurately identify wind design loads acting on roof edge systems. The Roof Edge Systems and Technologies (REST) project is a consortium of academia, government and roof industries, which was created to develop testing protocols and design guidelines for roof edges. The work presented in this thesis contributes to the collection and analysis of wind loads acting on metal roof edges, which were installed on the Canada Post building in Vancouver, Canada. The thesis presents the findings and analysis of the measured wind-induced pressure acting on all surfaces of three different edge configurations, namely the Anchor Clip Configuration (ACC), Continuous Cleat Configuration (CCC) and Discontinuous Cleat Configuration (DCC). The analysis showed the presence of negative pressure acting on all three faces of the configurations, in which the type of configuration had minimum effect on the magnitude and nature of the wind-induced loads. Furthermore, the top face of the edge configurations was found to experience the highest suction, and the front face of the edge coping was subjected to a net outward suction force due to the combination of the suction experienced by the coping front face and the positive pressure acting on the cleat. Comparison of these results with current NBCC and ASCE building codes highlight a need to update these codes in order to adequately design metal roof edges against wind action.
18
Ortmann, Steffen [Verfasser]. "Definition and Configuration of Reliable Event Detection for Application in Wireless Sensor Networks / Steffen Ortmann." Aachen : Shaker, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1081886226/34.
Full text
19
Garcia, Jonathan C. "Alternate configurations for blocked impurity band detectors." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Dec%5FGarcia.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Applied Physics)--Naval Postgraduate School, Dec. 2004.Thesis Advisor(s): Nancy M. Haegel, Gamani Karunasiri. Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-45). Also available online.
20
Marcoň, Petr. "Komunikační rozhraní a rozhraní člověk-stroj pro průmyslové senzory." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217994.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis describes the possibilities of local and remote sensors configuration. Summary overview of the most common Fieldbus and protocols for remote configuration is performed. The focus is mainly dedicated to the HART protocol that is analyzed from the physical layer to the application layer. Circuit diagram and printed circuit board (PCB) of smart sensor with thermistor probe Pt1000 was designed. The HART protocol allows the smart sensor parameters setting as well. The functionality of remote configuration was tested in HARTWinConf program. The control elements for local sensor configuration, such as buttons, matrix keyboards and touchscreens, are described in the following chapter. Representation of the measurement values on display module is introduced too. The most important parameters and aspect of character LCD, graphics LCD and OLED displays are described in greater details. The DD12864YO-3A OLED display was selected to use with designed temperature smart sensor module. The display shows the loop current, the percentage of current range and the primary value - temperature. As the last step the EMI and EMS tests for all modules were performed.
21
Zander, Anthony C. "Influence of error sensor and control source configuration and type upon the performance of active noise control systems /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phz27.pdf.
Full text
22
Xie, Yuedong. "Modelling techniques and novel configurations for meander-line-coil electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs)." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/modelling-techniques-and-novel-configurations-for-meanderlinecoil-electromagnetic-acoustic-transducers-emats(78777548-e2c6-468f-9a4b-12daaa29b53c).html.
Full textAbstract:
Electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) are increasingly used in industries due to their attractive features of being non-contact, cost-effective and the fact that a variety of wave modes can be generated, etc. There are two major EMATs coupling mechanisms: the Lorentz force mechanism for conductive materials and the magnetostriction mechanism for ferromagnetic materials; EMATs operated on Lorentz force mechanism are the focus of this study. This work aims to investigate novel efficient modelling techniques for EMATs, in order to gain further knowledge and understanding of EMATs wave pattern, how design parameters affect its wave pattern and based on above propose and optimise novel sensor structures. In this study, two novel modelling methods were proposed: one is the method combining the analytical method for EM simulation and the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for US simulation for studying the Rayleigh waves' properties on the vertical plane of the material; the other one is the method utilizing a wholly analytical model to explore the directivity of surface waves. Both simulations models have been validated experimentally. The wholly analytical model generates the radiation pattern of surface waves, which lays a solid foundation for the optimum design of such sensors. The beam directivity of surface waves was investigated experimentally, and results showed the length of wires has a significant effect on the beam directivity of Rayleigh waves. A novel configuration of EMATs, variable-length meander-line-coil (VLMLC), was proposed and designed. The beam directivity of surface waves generated by such novel EMATs were analytically investigated. Experiments were conducted to validate such novel EMATs models, and results indicated that such EMATs are capable of supressing side lobes, and therefore resulting in a more concentrated surface waves in the desired direction. Further, another two novel configuration of EMATs, the four-directional meander-line-coil (FDMLC) and the six-directional meander-line-coil (SDMLC), were proposed and designed; results showed these EMATs are capable of generating Rayleigh waves in multiple directions and at the same time suppressing side lobes.
23
Michail, Konstantinos. "Optimised configuration of sensing elements for control and fault tolerance applied to an electro-magnetic suspension system." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2009. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/5806.
Full textAbstract:
New technological advances and the requirements to increasingly abide by new safety laws in engineering design projects highly affects industrial products in areas such as automotive, aerospace and railway industries. The necessity arises to design reduced-cost hi-tech products with minimal complexity, optimal performance, effective parameter robustness properties, and high reliability with fault tolerance. In this context the control system design plays an important role and the impact is crucial relative to the level of cost efficiency of a product. Measurement of required information for the operation of the design control system in any product is a vital issue, and in such cases a number of sensors can be available to select from in order to achieve the desired system properties. However, for a complex engineering system a manual procedure to select the best sensor set subject to the desired system properties can be very complicated, time consuming or even impossible to achieve. This is more evident in the case of large number of sensors and the requirement to comply with optimum performance. The thesis describes a comprehensive study of sensor selection for control and fault tolerance with the particular application of an ElectroMagnetic Levitation system (being an unstable, nonlinear, safety-critical system with non-trivial control performance requirements). The particular aim of the presented work is to identify effective sensor selection frameworks subject to given system properties for controlling (with a level of fault tolerance) the MagLev suspension system. A particular objective of the work is to identify the minimum possible sensors that can be used to cover multiple sensor faults, while maintaining optimum performance with the remaining sensors. The tools employed combine modern control strategies and multiobjective constraint optimisation (for tuning purposes) methods. An important part of the work is the design and construction of a 25kg MagLev suspension to be used for experimental verification of the proposed sensor selection frameworks.
24
Bui, Manh-Tuan. "Vision-based multi-sensor people detection system for heavy machines." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2156/document.
Full textAbstract:
Ce travail de thèse a été réalisé dans le cadre de la coopération entre l’Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC) et le Centre Technique des Industries Mécaniques (CETIM). Nous présentons un système de détection de personnes pour l’aide à la conduite dans les engins de chantier. Une partie du travail a été dédiée à l’analyse du contexte de l’application, ce qui a permis de proposer un système de perception composé d’une caméra monoculaire fisheye et d’un Lidar. L’utilisation des caméras fisheye donne l’avantage d’un champ de vision très large avec en contrepartie, la nécessité de gérer les fortes distorsions dans l’étape de détection. A notre connaissance, il n’y a pas eu de recherches dédiées au problème de la détection de personnes dans les images fisheye. Pour cette raison, nous nous sommes concentrés sur l’étude et la quantification de l’impact des distorsions radiales sur l’apparence des personnes dans les images et nous avons proposé des approches adaptatives pour gérer ces spécificités. Nos propositions se sont inspirées de deux approches de l’état de l’art pour la détection des personnes : les histogrammes de gradient orientés (HOG) et le modèle des parties déformables (DPM). Tout d’abord, en enrichissant la base d’apprentissage avec des imagettes fisheye artificielles, nous avons pu montrer que les classificateurs peuvent prendre en compte les distorsions dans la phase d’apprentissage. Cependant, adapter les échantillons d’entrée, n’est pas la solution optimale pour traiter le problème de déformation de l’apparence des personnes dans les images. Nous avons alors décidé d’adapter l’approche de DPM pour prendre explicitement en compte le modèle de distorsions. Il est apparu que les modèles déformables peuvent être modifiés pour s’adapter aux fortes distorsions des images fisheye, mais ceci avec un coût de calculatoire supérieur. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons également une approche de fusion Lidar/camera fisheye. Une architecture de fusion séquentielle est utilisée et permet de réduire les fausses détections et le coût calculatoire de manière importante. Un jeu de données en environnement de chantier a été construit et différentes expériences ont été réalisées pour évaluer les performances du système. Les résultats sont prometteurs, à la fois en terme de vitesse de traitement et de performance de détectionThis thesis has been carried out in the framework of the cooperation between the Compiègne University of Technology (UTC) and the Technical Centre for Mechanical Industries (CETIM). In this work, we present a vision-based multi-sensors people detection system for safety on heavy machines. A perception system composed of a monocular fisheye camera and a Lidar is proposed. The use of fisheye cameras provides an advantage of a wide field-of-view but yields the problem of handling the strong distortions in the detection stage.To the best of our knowledge, no research works have been dedicated to people detection in fisheye images. For that reason, we focus on investigating and quantifying the strong radial distortions impacts on people appearance and proposing adaptive approaches to handle that specificity. Our propositions are inspired by the two state-of-the-art people detection approaches : the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) and the Deformable Parts Model (DPM). First, by enriching the training data set, we prove that the classifier can take into account the distortions. However, fitting the training samples to the model, is not the best solution to handle the deformation of people appearance. We then decided to adapt the DPM approach to handle properly the problem. It turned out that the deformable models can be modified to be even better adapted to the strong distortions of the fisheye images. Still, such approach has adrawback of the high computation cost and complexity. In this thesis, we also present a framework that allows the fusion of the Lidar modality to enhance the vision-based people detection algorithm. A sequential Lidar-based fusion architecture is used, which addresses directly the problem of reducing the false detections and computation cost in vision-based-only system. A heavy machine dataset have been also built and different experiments have been carried out to evaluate the performances of the system. The results are promising, both in term of processing speed and performances
25
Klasson, Anders, and Johan Rosengren. "Industrial IoT Management Systemfor Tubes with Integrated Sensors." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-237412.
Full textAbstract:
Sandvik har utvecklat en teknik för att placera sensorer i rör. Denna teknik har stor marknadspotential och kan effektivisera många industriprocesser. Den färdiga tjänsten ska kunna strömma sensordata till molntjänster för analys och avläsning.Deras nuvarande system kräver idag manuell konfiguration på plats och är komplicerad att installera. Denna uppsats undersöker hur systemets utrustning kan konfigureras automatiskt och hur ett system för underliggande IT-tjänster skulle kunna fungera.En lösning presenteras där många delar av installationsprocessen har automatiserats, samt en skiss för ett underliggande system.Lösningen utvärderas genom att utföra en mätning av konfigureringskomplexitet. Slutsatsen av utvärderingen var att det utvecklade system hade utökad funktionalitet, jämfört med dagens manuella tillvägagångssätt, och var inte mer komplex att konfigurera. I många avseenden mindre komplex.Sandvik has developed a technique to place sensors inside tubes. This technology has great market potential and can optimize many industrial processes. The finished product should be able to stream sensor data to cloudservices for analysis and reading.The current system requires manual configuration on-site and the installation is labor intensive. This thesis investigates how the system’s hardware can be configured atomically, and how a supporting IT-system could function.A solution is presented where large portion of the installation process has been automated, along with an outline for a supporting system.The solution is evaluated by performing a measurement of the configuration complexity. The evaluation shows that the developed system had increased functionality compared to today’s manual configuration, configuration complexity was not increased. In many aspects, the configuration complexity was reduced.
26
Ferjančič, Michal. "Periferie na Foundation Fieldbus." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220132.
Full textAbstract:
Master’s thesis deals be occupied with the transmission of process data with peripheries to control devices. Data transmission with performs through two types of industrial networks. Use with these two Foundation Fieldbus and EtherNet / IP. In work is shows method conversion through gateway between the two networks. Here there is adduced method to connected and configure devices on the networks and also their implementation. Part of this work is also creating a visualization of these peripherals and the gateway. The work is also presents possible use for laboratory task to practice.
27
Beaudaux, Julien. "Auto-configuration et auto-adaptation de réseaux de capteurs sans fil dans le contexte de la télémédecine." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01015749.
Full textAbstract:
Les réseaux de capteurs sont composés d'une multitude de petits composants capables de recueillir des informations concernant leur environnement. Ces equipements sont à même de communiquer entre eux afin de s'organiser pour former un réseau. L'utilisation d'un réseau de capteurs permet de remplir de nombreuses tâches comme les services d'aide aux personnes âgées ou la surveillance des paramètres de santé de patients hospitalisés ou, dans un cadre plus large, nécessitant un suivi médical régulier. Les données collectées peuvent être d'ordre physiologiques ou environnementales. Cette opération s'ajoute aux visites d'un personnel soignant, pour effectuer un complément de suivi plus régulier et à long terme, en particulier pour des patients évoluant dans un contexte peu ou non médicalisé. Notre objectif est donc ici de fournir des solutions économes en énergies et fiables pour permettre aux capteurs de s'adapter automatiquement et dynamiquement à leur environnement.
28
Davalbhakta, Aneesh. "Improved configurations of sensors for the measurement of tower footing resistance a thesis presented to the faculty of the Graduate School, Tennessee Technological University /." Click to access online, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1597632921&SrchMode=1&sid=4&Fmt=6&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1279309880&clientId=28564.
Full text
29
Hu, Zheng. "Auto-configuration, supervision et contrôle d'entités physiques par l'intermédiaire de réseaux de capteurs et actionneurs." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10001/document.
Full textAbstract:
Les entités physiques prises en compte par les applications dites M2M dans les télécoms sont aujourd’hui de plus en plus hétérogènes. Le défi adressé par ce travail est donc l’intégration, et la configuration automatiques de toutes ces différentes variétés d’entités physiques d’une façon homogène dans les systèmes M2M, en généralisant les approches de configuration automatique déjà connues et utilisées pour les objets communicants numériques. Cette thèse présente un cadre théorique général et des mécanismes de base pour l’identification de modèles de telles entités physiques dans les systèmes d’information embarqués répartis, en englobant dans une même approche les équipements et les sous-ensembles de l’espace, faisant se rejoindre les points de vue ”internet des objets” et ”environnement interactif” dans une nouvelle vision unifiée de l’intelligence ambiante. Ce travail, motivé initialement par les applications à la gestion d’énergie domestique, cherche à intégrer au réseau local de la maison des entités physiques qui ont un impact énergétique mais ne sont dotés d’aucune connexion réseau, ce qui correspond à une extension qualitative du périmètre de l’Internet des Objets. Cette intégration se fait de manière tout à fait similaire à ce qui est fait classiquement pour des équipements numériques état de l’art, c’est-à-dire par des mécanismes de découverte et configuration spontanés. Ces mécanismes comportent les étapes suivantes : détection de la présence d’une entité physique par analyse de la coïncidence d’évènements significatifs reçus de capteurs ; sélection d’un premier modèle générique représentatif de l’entité physique détectée depuis une ontologie de référence en analysant des données reçues les capteurs ; création d’un composant logiciel représentant l’entité physique détectée, à partir du modèle sélectionné, et associant les capteurs et actionneurs utiles ; supervision et contrôle de l’entité cible par l’intermédiaire de ce composant logiciel ; mise à jour incrémentale du modèle de l’entité identifiée par analyse des données issues des capteurs associés. Ce travail est parti d’applications dans l’environnement de la maison, pour lesquelles il a été validé et mis en œuvre. Mais notre approche a vocation à être généralisée et étendue à des environnements comme les bâtiments ou la ville, en offrant suivant le même principe une infrastructure partagée pour toutes les applications M2M dans ces environnementsThe physical entities which are taken into account by Machine to Machine (M2M) telecom applications are more and more heterogeneous. The challenge addressed by our research is the automatic integration and configuration of all these types of physical entities in M2M systems, with a homogeneous solution that generalizes self-configuration approaches used for networked digital devices. This thesis presents a general theoretical framework and basic mechanisms for the identification and configuration of such physical entity models in distributed embedded information systems. Our approach deals jointly with equipment and space entities encompassing the ”Internet of Things” (IoT) and ”interactive environment” viewpoints in a renewed interpretation of ambient intelligence. This work has been motivated initially by home energy management applications, trying to integrate into the Home Area Network all home entities that play a role in energy management, but do not have a networked interface of their own. This corresponds to a qualitative extension of the perimeter of the Home Area Network. This integration is achieved in a way similar to what is done for state of the art digital devices, through a spontaneous discovery and configuration mechanism, with the following stages: detection of the presence of a physical entity by analyzing the coincidence of significant events detected by sensors; selection of the first generic model corresponding to the detected physical entity from a reference ontology, on the basis of received sensors data; creation of a software component representing the detected physical entity, based on the selected model, associated with relevant sensors and actuators; provision of application interface for monitoring and control of the target entity through this intermediate software component; iterative update of the identified entity model on the basis of data from associated sensors. The proposed approach has been validated and implemented in home environments, but it is intended to be generalized and expanded to environments such as buildings or cities, offering a similarly shared infrastructure for all M2M applications in these environments
30
Kiske, Christiane [Verfasser], Karl-Heinz [Akademischer Betreuer] Engel, Karl-Heinz [Gutachter] Engel, and Peter [Gutachter] Schieberle. "Determinations of the configurations of mercaptoalkanone enantiomers and analytical/sensory characterizations of 2-mercapto-4-alkanones / Christiane Kiske ; Gutachter: Karl-Heinz Engel, Peter Schieberle ; Betreuer: Karl-Heinz Engel." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1196293147/34.
Full text
31
Varga, Liviu Octavian. "Réseaux de capteurs sans fils multi-sauts à récupération d’énergie : routage et couche liaison de bas rapport cyclique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAM064/document.
Full textAbstract:
L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer un réseau IPv6 constitué de capteurs sans fils autonomes grâce à la récupération d’énergie, fonctionnant à faible rapport cyclique. Cette thèse s’inscrit dans un projet industriel, GreenNet, lancé par STMicroelectronics afin de se positionner sur le marché de l’Internet des Objets. La nouvelle plate-forme utilisée dans ce projet se différencie de ses concurrents par sa petite taille, ce qui implique une faible capacité de batterie. Une cellule photovoltaı̈que permet en revanche de recharger la batterie, y compris dans des conditions de luminosité faible. Pour atteindre l’autonomie, nous avons besoin que les nœuds dorment pour de très longues périodes. Par conséquent, les solutions existantes, bien que peu consommantes, ne sont pas complètement adaptées à nos besoins spécifiques.Dans cette thèse, nous proposons d’analyser les difficultés possiblement rencontrées pendant le développement d’une plate-forme à récupération d’énergie et de bas rapport cyclique. La contribution la plus importante de ce travail est de mettre en œuvre et d’évaluer le rendement de nos solutions sur des plates-formes matérielles dans des conditions très proches de la vie réelle.Une première étape du travail réalisée est la conception et l’implémentation de la norme IEEE 802.15.4 utilisant les balises pour maintenir la synchronisation. Nous choisissons le mode synchronisé car il permet aux nœuds d’atteindre des rapports cycliques aussi bas que 0,01%. La seconde étape est d’apporter le multi saut : nous proposons une optimisation du protocole de routage, ainsi qu’un contrôle d’accès par multiplexagetemporel pour les routeurs et les dispositifs afin d’éliminer les interférences.Nous allons même plus loin dans l’optimisation du temps où les nœuds sont allumés: nous proposons d’éteindre les coordinateurs avant la fin de leur période d’activité définie par le standard, lorsqu’il n’y a pas de communications. Les nœuds qui ne nécessitent pas d’envoyer des données peuvent sauter des balises et se réveiller seulement lorsqu’il est nécessaire de synchroniser les horloges, ou d’envoyer des données. Dans le même temps, nous résolvons le problème de multicast pour les nœuds qui dorment durant de longues périodes, en convertissant ces paquets en paquets unicast. Nous améliorons également le rapport cyclique de routeurs qui n’ont pas de nœuds associés en les forçant envoyer la balise moins souvent, tant qu’ils n’ont pas des nœuds associés.Pour améliorer la performance du réseau, nous proposons aussi une solution rétro compatible qui utilise plusieurs canaux. Un tel système est utile quand un lien entre deux nœuds subit de très mauvaise performance sur un certain canal fréquentiel, mais obtient de meilleurs résultats sur une fréquence différente.Toutes les solutions présentées ci-dessus, et discutées dans la dissertation ont été mises en œuvre et testées sur la plate-forme GreenNet. Nous avons également réalisé des mesures sur des nœuds pour vérifier leurs efficacitéThe goal of the thesis is to enable IPv6 harvested and autonomous wireless sensor networks with very low duty-cycle. It is part of an industrial project, GreenNet, hosted by STMicroelectronics with the goal of being a pioneer in the Internet of Things. The new platform differentiates from its existing competitors by a small size, which implies small battery capacity. However, a photovoltaic cell is capable of recharging the battery even under low light conditions. On top of this, we aim at nodes that sleep for very long periods. Hence, the existing solutions were not completely suited for ourneeds.The thesis proposes to analyze the possible challenges that one can meet while developing a harvested low-duty cycle platform. The most important contribution of this work is that we implement and evaluate the performance of our solutions on real hardware platforms in conditions very close to real-life.In this dissertation, we first of all develop and implement a basic solution based on the IEEE 802.15.4 beacon-enabled standard. We choose the synchronized mode because it allows nodes to reach duty-cycles as low as 0.01%. A more difficult step was to bring multi-hop: we design new a routing scheme inside our network, and a time based access for routers and devices to eliminate interferences as much as possible. The routing scheme is meant to be simple and efficient.We go even further to optimize the total time the nodes are on: we proposed to shut down coordinators before their standardized end of slot when there is no communication. Devices that do not need to send data can skip beacons and only need to wake up to synchronize their clock or to send data. In the same time we solve the problem of multicast for long sleeping nodes by converting these packets into unicast traffic. We also improved the duty-cycle of routers that do no have associated devices by forcing them to beacon slower, as long as they do not have any associated devices.To improve the network performance we also propose a backward compatible multichannel solution. Such a scheme is useful when a link between two nodes achieve very bad performance on a certain channel but better results on a different frequency.All the solutions presented above and discussed in the dissertation were implemented and tested on the GreenNet platform. We also realized measurements of the nodes efficiency while in harvested conditions and showed that it is possible to handle harvested routers, when there is enough available light
32
Neto, Edgar Braga. "EmigraÃÃo Cearense entre 1888 e 1915: sentidos, controle e configuraÃÃo social dos migrantes." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8144.
Full textAbstract:
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorEste trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma crÃtica da emigraÃÃo cearense, a partir dos sentidos e dos significados que foram atribuÃdos a esta emigraÃÃo e a seus emigrantes pelo Governo e pela sociedade. O objeto de estudo, circunscrito no final do sÃculo XIX e comeÃo do sÃculo XX, mais precisamente, entre 1888 e 1915, perÃodo este de intensa emigraÃÃo para o Sul e para os Estados ocidentais do Norte, exigiu uma pesquisa histÃrico-sociolÃgica com consultas de fontes histÃricas, pesquisa em documentos com registros e narrativas relativas ao fenÃmeno no perÃodo em estudo. à atravÃs, portanto, da âinterpenetraÃÃo mÃtuaâ entre histÃria e sociologia que buscamos problematizar os sentidos e significados atribuÃdos à emigraÃÃo de cearenses, adentrando nas formas de controle social organizadas pelo poder pÃblico para encerrar com esse deslocamento populacional. Para tanto, a categoria de configuraÃÃo social, na formulaÃÃo do sociÃlogo alemÃo Norbert Elias, propiciou-nos o suporte teÃrico necessÃrio para a contextualizaÃÃo deste campo investigativo. Desta forma, construÃmos uma crÃtica sociolÃgica sobre esse processo histÃrico da emigraÃÃo cearense, resgatando dimensÃes chaves do objeto de estudo: sentidos e significados presentes nos diferentes veÃculos comunicativos da Ãpoca; vias explicativas sobre o fenÃmeno da emigraÃÃo; quantificaÃÃo de emigrantes que saÃram nesse perÃodo histÃrico; e polÃtica de controle social que foi adotada pelo poder pÃblico para fixar a populaÃÃo do CearÃ. Portanto, a crÃtica da emigraÃÃo cearense, construÃda a partir das tessituras teÃricas metodolÃgicas entre histÃria e sociologia, viabilizou condiÃÃes para perceber e discutir determinadas questÃes a abrir vias analÃticas, cabendo destacar: a emigraÃÃo de cearenses para o Sul nÃo foi adequadamente configurada devido ao redimensionamento dado ao imigrantismo europeu e asiÃtico; as oligarquias agrÃrias do paÃs disputaram a mÃo de obra dos cearenses; o conceito de retirante à insuficiente para representar as fraÃÃes do grupo social dos migrantes; e o fenÃmeno do nomadismo nÃo tem relaÃÃo com a emigraÃÃo cearense. A rigor, estruturamos esta crÃtica da emigraÃÃo cearense, tendo como fio condutor a tensÃo entre os diferentes sentidos e significados socialmente produzidos para o entendimento desse fenÃmeno no curso da histÃria cearense.
This work aims to make a critique of the cearense emigration from the senses and meanings that were attributed to this emigration and emigrants by the Government and society. The object of study, limited in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, more precisely, between 1888 and 1915, a period of intense emigration to the South and to the western states of the North, demanded a historical â sociological research in documents with records and narratives related to the phenomenon in the period under study. It is through the so called âmutual interpenetrationâ between history and sociology that we seek to problematize the senses and meanings attributed to the cearense emigration, giving attention to the forms of social control organized by the Government to terminate with populacional displacement. This way, the category of social configuration, in the formulation of the German sociologist Norbert Elias, led us the necessary theoretical support for the contextualization of this investigate field. Therefore, we built a sociological criticism about this historical process of the cearense emigration, rescuing Key dimensions of the object of study: senses and meanings present in the different communicative vehicles of the epoch; explicit process about the phenomenon of emigration; quantification of emigrations who left during this historical period; and policy of social control that was adopted by the Government to secure the population of CearÃ. For that reason, consequently, the criticism of the cearense emigration developed from theoretical and methodological tessituras between history and sociology, has made room to perceive and discuss certain issues to open analytical processes, for example: the emigration to the South of cearense people was not configured properly due to resizing of European and Asiatic imigrantismo; agrarian oligarchies of the country competed for the cearense work force; the concept of retirante is insufficient to represent the fractions of the social group of migrants, and the phenomenon of nomadism has no relation with the emigration cearense people. In fact, we designed this critical work of the cearense emigration, taking into consideration the tension between the different senses and meanings socially produced for understanding of this phenomenon in the course of the history of CearÃ.
33
Fanton, Hervé. "Cartographie rapide de l'environnement local d'un robot mobile autonome." Grenoble INPG, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPG0130.
Full textAbstract:
Proposition d'une methode de carte locale destinee a la navigation d'un robot mobile autonome mettant en uvre un telemetre laser, une modelisation du monde par des grilles et une architecture parallele hybride de type nimo-simo
34
Paris, Magali. "Le végétal donneur d'ambiances : jardiner les abords de l'habitat en ville." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00600416.
Full textAbstract:
Qu'est-ce qui pousse les citadins à jardiner, dans des contextes souvent peu favorables, les abords de leur logement ? Guidé par cette question, notre travail se focalise sur les pratiques habitantes du jardin privé de type balcon, loggia, terrasse et pied d'immeuble. Parmi les nombreux travaux consacrés à l'étude des modes d'habiter urbains, peu se sont jusque-là spécifiquement intéressés au rôle du "petit" jardin. Comment ce petit jardin - et en particulier son jardinage - permet-il à la fois de se ménager un chez-soi et de cohabiter avec ses voisins ? C'est cette problématique que nous avons explorée en inscrivant notre travail dans le champ des ambiances architecturales et urbaines, c'est-à-dire en faisant de l'environnement sensible une clé de lecture privilégiée des pratiques habitantes jardinières. Notre enquête a porté sur quinze ensembles de logements grenoblois et parisiens situés en milieu urbain dense. Sur une période de quatre ans, elle s'est déployée autour du recueil de la parole habitante, couplée à des observations ethnographiques. Adoptant une approche pluridisciplinaire qui croise les dimensions spatiales, horticoles, sociales et sensibles du jardin, l'analyse s'attache à élaborer une typologie de configurations de jardins à partir de quatre critères : la morphologie (horticole et paysagère) des jardins, leur imaginaire, les perceptions sensibles et les tactiques habitantes dont ils sont le support. Cette typologie propose une rhétorique jardinière explicitant les formes de liens et de ruptures que les habitants créent entre eux et leurs voisins, entre leur logement et leur jardin, entre leur jardin et le voisinage et entre leur jardin et la ville. Elle intéresse directement la programmation et la conception des abords de l'habitat en questionnant les manières de composer le jardin et ses articulations au logement, d'agencer les logements entre eux et de penser le rapport du logement à la ville par le biais du jardin. Deux expériences pédagogiques réalisées à la fin de la recherche rendent compte de ce potentiel. Plus largement, cette recherche ouvre vers l'hypothèse selon laquelle les enjeux de l'habiter urbain se situeraient à la lisière jardinée entre un chez-soi (qu'il soit privé ou public) et la ville.
35
Findeisen, Michel. "A Novel Approach for Spherical Stereo Vision." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-165279.
Full textAbstract:
The Professorship of Digital Signal Processing and Circuit Technology of Chemnitz University of Technology conducts research in the field of three-dimensional space measurement with optical sensors. In recent years this field has made major progress.
For example innovative, active techniques such as the “structured light“-principle are able to measure even homogeneous surfaces and find its way into the consumer electronic market in terms of Microsoft’s Kinect® at the present time. Furthermore, high-resolution optical sensors establish powerful, passive stereo vision systems in the field of indoor surveillance. Thereby they induce new application domains such as security and assistance systems for domestic environments.
However, the constraint field of view can be still considered as an essential characteristic of all these technologies. For instance, in order to measure a volume in size of a living space, two to three deployed 3D sensors have to be applied nowadays. This is due to the fact that the commonly utilized perspective projection principle constrains the visible area to a field of view of approximately 120°. On the contrary, novel fish-eye lenses allow the realization of omnidirectional projection models. Therewith, the visible field of view can be enlarged up to more than 180°. In combination with a 3D measurement approach, thus, the number of required sensors for entire room coverage can be reduced considerably.
Motivated by the requirements of the field of indoor surveillance, the present work focuses on the combination of the established stereo vision principle and omnidirectional projection methods. The entire 3D measurement of a living space by means of one single sensor can be considered as major objective.
As a starting point for this thesis chapter 1 discusses the underlying requirement, referring to various relevant fields of application. Based on this, the distinct purpose for the present work is stated.
The necessary mathematical foundations of computer vision are reflected in Chapter 2 subsequently. Based on the geometry of the optical imaging process, the projection characteristics of relevant principles are discussed and a generic method for modeling fish-eye cameras is selected.
Chapter 3 deals with the extraction of depth information using classical (perceptively imaging) binocular stereo vision configurations. In addition to a complete recap of the processing chain, especially occurring measurement uncertainties are investigated.
In the following, Chapter 4 addresses special methods to convert different projection models. The example of mapping an omnidirectional to a perspective projection is employed, in order to develop a method for accelerating this process and, hereby, for reducing the computational load associated therewith. Any errors that occur, as well as the necessary adjustment of image resolution, are an integral part of the investigation. As a practical example, an application for person tracking is utilized in order to demonstrate to which extend the usage of “virtual views“ can increase the recognition rate for people detectors in the context of omnidirectional monitoring.
Subsequently, an extensive search with respect to omnidirectional imaging stereo vision techniques is conducted in chapter 5. It turns out that the complete 3D capture of a room is achievable by the generation of a hemispherical depth map. Therefore, three cameras have to be combined in order to form a trinocular stereo vision system. As a basis for further research, a known trinocular stereo vision method is selected. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that, applying a modified geometric constellation of cameras, more precisely in the form of an equilateral triangle, and using an alternative method to determine the depth map, the performance can be increased considerably. A novel method is presented, which shall require fewer operations to calculate the distance information and which is to avoid a computational costly step for depth map fusion as necessary in the comparative method.
In order to evaluate the presented approach as well as the hypotheses, a hemispherical depth map is generated in Chapter 6 by means of the new method. Simulation results, based on artificially generated 3D space information and realistic system parameters, are presented and subjected to a subsequent error estimate.
A demonstrator for generating real measurement information is introduced in Chapter 7. In addition, the methods that are applied for calibrating the system intrinsically as well as extrinsically are explained. It turns out that the calibration procedure utilized cannot estimate the extrinsic parameters sufficiently. Initial measurements present a hemispherical depth map and thus con.rm the operativeness of the concept, but also identify the drawbacks of the calibration used. The current implementation of the algorithm shows almost real-time behaviour.
Finally, Chapter 8 summarizes the results obtained along the studies and discusses them in the context of comparable binocular and trinocular stereo vision approaches. For example the results of the simulations carried out produced a saving of up to 30% in terms of stereo correspondence operations in comparison with a referred trinocular method. Furthermore, the concept introduced allows the avoidance of a weighted averaging step for depth map fusion based on precision values that have to be calculated costly. The achievable accuracy is still comparable for both trinocular approaches.
In summary, it can be stated that, in the context of the present thesis, a measurement system has been developed, which has great potential for future application fields in industry, security in public spaces as well as home environments.
36
Štůsek, Martin. "Univerzální platforma pro vzdálenou správu IoT zařízení a vizualizaci M2M dat." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-242177.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this diploma thesis is to create universal application able to visualize M2M data and allows remote management of smart sensors using TR-069 protocol. First part of this thesis contains comprehensive evaluation of TR-069 standard and OSGi platform. Next, extensive analysis of embedded databases with detailed description of SQLite platform is provided. Auto-configuration server genieacs and modus TR-069 client, two parts needed for the proper run of remote configuration, are described in more detail in following section. Practical part of this thesis contains description of all created OSGi bundles together with communication interfaces. Moreover, the description of designed database and developed user interface is given.
37
Luka, Mejić. "Методе аутоматске конфигурације софт сензора." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2019. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=110926&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textAbstract:
Математички модели за естимацију тешко мерљивих величина називајусе софт сензорима. Процес формирања софт сензора није тривијалан иквалитет естимације тешко мерљиве величине директно зависи одначина формирања. Недостаци постојећих алгоритама за формирањеспречавају аутоматску конфигурацију софт сензора. У овом раду суреализовани нови алгоритми који имају за сврху аутоматизацијуконфигурације софт сензора. Реализовани алгоритми решавајупроблеме проналаска оптималног сета улаза у софт сензор и кашњењасваког од њих као и одабира структуре и начина обуке софт сензоразаснованих на вештачким неуронским мрежама са радијално базиранимфункцијама.Matematički modeli za estimaciju teško merljivih veličina nazivajuse soft senzorima. Proces formiranja soft senzora nije trivijalan ikvalitet estimacije teško merljive veličine direktno zavisi odnačina formiranja. Nedostaci postojećih algoritama za formiranjesprečavaju automatsku konfiguraciju soft senzora. U ovom radu surealizovani novi algoritmi koji imaju za svrhu automatizacijukonfiguracije soft senzora. Realizovani algoritmi rešavajuprobleme pronalaska optimalnog seta ulaza u soft senzor i kašnjenjasvakog od njih kao i odabira strukture i načina obuke soft senzorazasnovanih na veštačkim neuronskim mrežama sa radijalno baziranimfunkcijama.
Mathematical models that are used for estimation of variables that can not bemeasured in real time are called soft sensors. Creation of soft sensor is acomplex process and quality of estimation depends on the way soft sensor iscreated. Restricted applicability of existing algorithms is preventing automaticconfiguration of soft sensors. This paper presents new algorithms that areproviding automatic configuration of soft sensors. Presented algorithms arecapable of determing optimal subset of soft sensor inputs and their timedelays, as well as optimal architecture and automatic training of the softsensors that are based on artificial radial basis function networks.
38
Souza, Ana Paula Ruas de. "Desenvolvimento de novos sensores eletroquímicos descartáveis para fins analíticos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46136/tde-15122015-085317/.
Full textAbstract:
O presente trabalho trata do desenvolvimento de sensores eletroquímicos que possuam características descartáveis e ao uso destes dispositivos para a determinação de diferentes analitos em amostras biológicas, farmacêuticas e de interesse ambiental. O desenvolvimento e a aplicação dos sensores foram divididos em seis capítulos. O primeiro capítulo corresponde a fabricação de conjuntos de microeletrodos em suporte de CD-RW e placa fenolite utilizando impressão com tinta toner. Os conjuntos de microeletrodos foram fabricados por meio da deposição de duas máscaras de toner em um substrato de cobre ou ouro. Os eletrodos fabricados neste capítulo foram caracterizados e aplicados nos capítulos subsequentes. Os resultados da aplicação do conjunto de microeletrodos de cobre (DCRM) foram descritos no segundo capítulo. Os dispositivos foram aplicados para a determinação de peróxido de hidrogênio em amostras de antisséptico bucal e clareadores dentais. As determinações foram realizadas em solução de tampão fosfato (pH 7.0) por meio da técnica de amperometria (E = -0,2 V). Estes sensores foram também aplicados para determinação de ácido acetilsalítico (AAS) em amostras farmacêuticas em solução de hidróxido de sódio 0,1 mol L-1 por amperometria (E = 0,6 V). A determinação de nitrato em amostra de água de rio foi realizada por amperometria (E = -0,45V) em solução de sulfato de sódio 0,1 mol L-1 (pH = 2,0). Os resultados obtidos com o sensor demonstraram o sucesso das aplicações. As principais vantagens deste dispositivo dizem respeito à simplicidade de fabricação, baixo custo do equipamento e rapidez das análises. A caracterização eletroquímica do sensor e a determinação de ciclopirox olamina em solução de tampão BR 0,1 mol L-1 (pH = 5,0) utilizando o conjunto de microeletrodos de ouro (CD-RW) foi apresentada no terceiro capítulo. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que é possível realizar a determinação desta espécie de interesse em soluções oftalmológicas. O desenvolvimento, a caracterização e aplicação de um novo conjunto de microeletrodos de ouro fabricados a partir da redução eletroquímica da 5-bromo-1,10-fenantrolina em solução de dimetilformalmida (DMF) foi investidada no quarto capítulo. A superfície foi bloqueada com um filme isolante de 1,10-fenantrolina e o sensor foi caracterizado como um conjunto de microeletrodos de ouro. O sensor foi aplicado para a determinação de peróxido de hidrogênio, nas condições descritas anteriormente a fim de avaliar a aplicabilidade deste dispositivo. Os resultados obtidos foram promissores. A utilização de um eletrodo de microbanda impresso na configuração \"back-to-back\" foi descrita no quinto capítulo. A configuração faz uso da impressão de um novo eletrodo nas costas de um eletrodo impresso \"tradicional\", aumentando com isso a sensibilidade do sensor. O eletrodo impresso na configuração \"back-to-back\" foi utilizado para a determinação de íons Pb(II) em amostras de água potável por meio da técnica de voltametria de redissolução anódica por onda quadrada e os resultados obtidos foram concordantes com os encontrados utilizando espectrometria de emissão atômica por plasma acoplado. Os eletrodos de microbanda impressos na configuração \"back-to-back\" modificados com nanotubos de carbono para a determinação de capsaicina e dopamina e com ftalocianina de cobalto (II) para determinação de hidrazina foram investigados no sexto capítulo. Os resultados obtidos foram concordantes com aqueles descritos em outros trabalhos encontrados na literatura.This work presents results on the fabrication of disposable electrochemical sensors and the use of such devices for the determination of different analytes in biological, pharmaceutical and environmental samples. The development and application of these sensors have been divided into six chapters. The first chapter describes the fabrication of a microelectrode ensemble (CD-RW) using ink toner. The sensor was fabricated by deposition of two toner pattern masks on copper and gold substrates. The electrodes fabricated according this procedure were characterized and applied in subsequent chapters. The second chapter describes the use of a disposable copper random microarrays (DCRM) for the amperometric determination of three analytes: hydrogen peroxide in real samples (oral antiseptic and dental whitening) at -0.2 V in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) solution, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in pharmaceutical formulations at 0.6 V in 0.10 mol L-1 NaOH solution and nitrate in river samples at -0.45V in a 0.10 mol L-1 sodium sulfate solution (pH 2.0). The good results obtained with the DCRM demonstrated the successful application of this new sensor. The main advantages of the proposed manufacturing procedure are the simplicity, low cost of equipment and the high speed of production. The third chapter presents results on the use of a gold random microarray (GRM) for the determination of ciclopirox olamine in 0.10 mol L-1 Britton Robinson buffer solution (pH 5.0). Following the optimization of the experimental parameters, the proposed sensor presented excellent analytical properties for the amperometric detection of ciclopirox olamine at +0.85 V. The usefulness of the GRM sensor was confirmed by determining ciclopirox olamine in commercial products and the results obtained agreed well with those found by potentiometric titration and the labeled values. The fourth chapter describes the fabrication of a random assembly of microelectrodes (RAMs) by electrochemical reduction of 5-bromo-1,10- phenathroline in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), generating the 1,10-phenanthroline radical, which was covalently grafted on gold electrodes. After several potential cycles, the gold surface was partially blocked with an insulating film of 1,10-phenanthroline and the resulting modified electrode exhibited the characteristics of RAMs for the electrochemical reduction of the reversible probe 1,4-benzoquinone in DMF. This sensor was applied for hydrogen peroxide detection at -0.2 V in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) solution. The fifth chapter reports on the use of screen-printed back-to-back microband electroanalytical sensors for quantification of lead(II) ions in drinking water samples in 0.01 mol L-1 HCl and the validation of the results by ICP-OES. The sixth chapter shows results on the use of back-to-back screen-printed microband electrodes modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes and cobalt phthalocyanine. The electroanalytical applications of this novel electrode configuration were exemplified towards the sensing of dopamine, capsaicin and hydrazine.
39
Sharrock, Rémi. "Gestion autonomique de performance, d'énergie et de qualité de service : Application aux réseaux filaires, réseaux de capteurs et grilles de calcul." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/11717/1/sharrock.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
La motivation principale de cette thèse est de faire face à l'accroissement de la complexité des systèmes informatiques, qui, dans un futur proche ( de l'ordre de quelques années) risque fort d'être le principal frein à leur évolution et à leur développement. Aujourd'hui la tendance s'inverse et le coût de gestion humaine dépasse le coût des infrastructures matérielles et logicielles. De plus, l'administration manuelle de grands systèmes (applications distribuées, réseaux de capteurs, équipements réseaux) est non seulement lente mais aussi sujette à de nombreuses erreurs humaines. Un des domaines de recherche émergent est celui de l'informatique autonomique qui a pour but de rendre ces systèmes auto-gérés. Nous proposons une approche qui permet de décrire des politiques de gestion autonomiques de haut niveau. Ces politiques permettent au système d'assurer quatre propriétés fondamentales de l'auto-gestion: l'auto-guérison, l'auto-configuration, l'auto-protection et l'auto-optimisation. Nos contributions portent sur la spécification de diagrammes de description de politiques de gestion autonomiques appelés (S)PDD "(Sensor) Policy Description Diagrams". Ces diagrammes sont implémentés dans le gestionnaire autonomique TUNe et l'approche a été validée sur de nombreux systèmes: simulation électromagnétique répartie sur grille de calcul, réseaux de capteurs SunSPOT, répartiteur de calcul DIET. Une deuxième partie présente une modélisation mathématique de l’auto-optimisation pour un « datacenter ». Nous introduisons un problème de minimisation d’un critère intégrant d’une part la consommation électrique des équipements du réseau du « datacenter » et d’autre part la qualité de service des applications déployées sur le « datacenter ». Une heuristique permet de prendre en compte les contraintes dues aux fonctions de routage utilisées.
40
Ben, Zid Maha. "Emploi de techniques de traitement de signal MIMO pour des applications dédiées réseaux de capteurs sans fil." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT017/document.
Full textAbstract:
Dans ce travail de thèse, on s'intéresse é l'emploi de techniques de traitement de signal de systèmes de communication MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) pour des applications aux réseaux de capteurs sans fil. Les contraintes énergétiques de cette classe de réseau font appel à des topologies particulières et le réseau peut être perçu comme étant un ensemble de grappes de nœuds capteurs. Ceci ouvre la porte à des techniques avancées de communication de type MIMO. Dans un premier temps, les différents aspects caractérisant les réseaux de capteurs sans fil sont introduits. Puis, les efforts engagés pour optimiser la conservation de l'énergie dans ces réseaux sont résumés. Les concepts de base de systèmes MIMOs sont abordés dans le deuxième chapitre et l'exploration par voie numérique de différentes pistes de la technologie MIMO sont exposées. Nous nous intéressons à des techniques de diversité de polarisation dans le cadre de milieux de communication riches en diffuseurs. Par la suite, des méthodes de type beamforming sont proposées pour la localisation dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil. Le nouvel algorithme de localisation est présenté et les performances sont évaluées. Nous identifions la configuration pour la communication inter-grappes qui permet pour les meilleurs compromis entre énergie et efficacité spectrale dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil. Finalement, nous envisageons la technique de sélection de nœuds capteurs afin de réduire la consommation de l'énergie dans le réseau de capteur sans filThe aim of this work is to study from a signal processing point of view the use of MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) communication systems for algorithms dedicated to wireless sensor networks. We investigate energy-constrained wireless sensor networks and we focus on cluster topology of the network. This topology permits for the use of MIMO communication system model. First, we review different aspects that characterize the wireless sensor network. Then, we introduce the existing strategies for energy conservation in the network. The basic concepts of MIMO systems are presented in the second chapter and numerical results are provided for evaluating the performances of MIMO techniques. Of particular interest, polarization diversity over rich scattering environment is studied. Thereafter, beamforming approach is proposed for the development of an original localization algorithm in wireless sensor network. The novel algorithm is described and performances are evaluated by simulation. We determine the optimal system configuration between a pair of clusters that permits for the highest capacity to energy ratio in the fourth chapter. The final chapter is devoted to sensor nodes selection in wireless sensor network. The aim of using such technique is to make energy conservation in the network
41
Cheng, Chih-Yung, and 鄭志永. "3D Spatial IPv6 Address Configuration for Wireless Sensor Networks." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14666225415149678662.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
工程科學及海洋工程學研究所
100
Smart grid is one of the most important applications of Internet of Things (IoT) for environmental sustainability and energy efficiency issues. Among all these wireless communication technologies applied in smart grid, IP-based wireless sensor networks (IP-WSNs) is considered as the most promising one for providing pervasive communications and control capabilities at low cost. It can connect smart meters with the wired area network (WAN) infrastructure seamlessly without requiring specialized gateways. IPv6 Internet has become an inevitable trend for all-IP communication because of its large address space and others advantages over IPv4. One of the main challenges for connecting WSNs and IPv6 Internet is IPv6 address configuration since nodes with unique address are a prerequisite for reliable end-to-end communications. Hence, we propose two spatial IPv6 address configuration schemes called MPIPA and DSIPA for smart grid. As smart meters on modern buildings may be placed in three-dimensional (3D), both MPIPA and DSIPA utilize 3D location coordinates to assign each node a unique spatial IPv6 address in stateful approach. We use the assignment success rate (ASR) and the total energy consumption (TEC) for address configuration as the performance metrics. The simulation results show that our proposed schemes have higher ASR and lower TEC than others address configuration mechanisms.
42
Wang, Chong-an, and 王崇安. "A Self-Configuration TDMA Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55013446017832307895.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
資訊工程研究所
94
In this dissertation, a Self-Configuration Time Division Multiple Access (called SC-TDMA) MAC Protocol for sensor networks is proposed. The design goal of SC-TDMA is to solve collision, overhearing, idle listening and control packet overhead problems which are the main sources of power consumption for sensors. It is assumed that the network consists of a sink node and N sensor nodes. The sink node starts the SC-TDMA protocol to construct a tree spanning all the sensor nodes. Each node cooperates with its neighbors to construct the tree. After a node joins the tree, its parent will assign it a collision-free time-slot, and hereafter, the node needs to wake up on the assigned time-slot of its children and itself to reduce energy consumption efficiently. When compared with the S-MAC protocol [2], the simulation results show that our SC-TDMA consumes less power and prolongs the network lifetime.
43
Liu, Chao-wei, and 劉兆偉. "Minimum Sensor Configuration Design For 3D Car Navigation System." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54009205218030569778.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
98
Nowadays, vehicle navigation system which integrates GPS and INS to provide continuous vehicle positions is a common application. However GPS are subjected to satellite signal availability and cannot guarantee uninterrupted positioning in urban environment at all times. Using low cost MEMS inertial sensors with GPS in PNDs to provide continuous, uninterrupted navigation capability has become an important topic. In order to get accurate position information without valid GPS signal, calibration algorithms and special signal processing for MEMS sensors must be considered to bring satisfactory navigation performance in three-dimensional space, including gravity compensation, motion detection, tunnel pressure wave removal, and adaptive online calibration are introduced. With proper calibrations and signal processing, navigation errors from MEMS sensors are reduced and the dead-reckoning result can be more reliable to provide continuing navigation in the absence of GPS signals. In this thesis, a minimum sensor configuration consists of an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a barometer is proposed for portable navigation system 3-D dead-reckoning applications and the measurement models for these sensors are presented. All algorithms are more uncomplicated and suitable than common Kalman Filter algorithm to implement on real-time system.
44
Hsu, Chao-Hung, and 徐兆宏. "Pseudo-LFE Acoustic Wave Sensors with Different Electrode Configurations." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91001495359124349369.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大同大學
機械工程學系(所)
100
Pseudo lateral field excited (Pseudo-LFE) acoustic wave sensors exhibit stable oscillation in the air due to low electric impedance. Although they are capable of detecting liquid electrical property changes, the sensitivity is not as large as lateral field excited (LFE) acoustic wave sensors. Therefore, this study modifies the sensing electrode geometry to increase sensitivity of a Pseudo-LFE sensor. At first the finite element software, COMSOL, was used to analyze the resonance modes and sensitivities of Pseudo-LFE sensors with various sensing electrode geometries to liquid viscosity, permittivity, and conductivity. Moreover, Pseudo-LFE sensors with ring-shape sensing electrodes were fabricated on AT-cut quartz and measured with an oscillator circuit or network analyzer when contacting with glycerol, 2-propanol, or NaCl solution. The simulation results exhibit similar trend and comparable values with the experiments, verifying the validity of the simulation model proposed here. Besides, Pseudo-LFE sensors with ring-shape sensing electrodes show a comparable sensitivity with LFE sensors and can measure glycerol and 2-propanol solutions of high concentration or less volume. In conclusion, Pseudo-LFE sensors with ring-shape sensing electrodes are potential in sensor applications instead of QCM (quartz crystal microbalance) and LFE sensors because of large sensitivity and wide sensing range.
45
Wang, Xiaodong. "Minimum Transmission Power Configuration in Real-Time Wireless Sensor Networks." 2009. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/65.
Full textAbstract:
Multi-channel communications can effectively reduce channel competition and interferences in a wireless sensor network, and thus achieve increased throughput and improved end-to-end delay guarantees with reduced power consumption. However, existing work relies only on a small number of orthogonal channels, resulting in degraded performance when a large number of data flows need to be transmitted on different channels. In this thesis, empirical studies are conducted to investigate the interferences among overlapping channels. The results show that overlapping channels can also be utilized for improved real-time performance if the node transmission power is carefully configured. In order to minimize the overall power consumption of a network with multiple data flows under end-to-end delay constraints, a constrained optimization problem is formulated to configure the transmission power level for every node and assign overlapping channels to different data flows. Since the optimization problem has an exponential computational complexity, a heuristic algorithm designed based on Simulated Annealing is then presented to find a suboptimal solution. The extensive empirical results on a 25-mote testbed demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves better real-time performance and less power consumption than two baselines including a scheme using only orthogonal channels.
46
Gomes, André Rodrigues Delgado Coelho. "Sensors based on Taper Device for Knot Configuration." Dissertação, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/85974.
Full text
47
Gomes, André Rodrigues Delgado Coelho. "Sensors based on Taper Device for Knot Configuration." Master's thesis, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/85974.
Full text
48
謝宗霖. "SNMP and IPv6-based Plug and Play Sensor Configuration for Environment Monitoring." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50121032711787299043.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
資訊工程學系
101
In recent years, due to the developments of embedded devices, as well as the awareness of the importance of environmental issues, the technologies to observe the environmental information have remarkable progresses, among which two of the important issues, the collections of monitored data and the network environments of monitoring devices, have been many studies in exploring the designs. Along with the advanced performances of monitoring devices (such as the monitoring accuracies, network capabilities, and calculative abilities of devices, etc.), naturally these powerful smart monitoring devices are expensive. Thus, the operational statuses of these smart monitoring devices are included in the environmental monitoring data. This thesis raises an automatic setting monitoring network management structure based on simple network management protocol. To simply configuration of the whole monitoring network and quickly set up and acquire monitoring data, the required relevant configurations are defined and described in this thesis. The system raised in this thesis can integrate the required protocols to realize the whole structure. The smart sensors are capable of having the functions to deploy monitoring networks, combined with the system structures and simple network management protocols designed in this thesis and corresponded to the designs by the device manufacturers to describe the devices and MIB of attributes to achieve the plug and play effects, control the devices, and acquire the data, so that the monitoring networks can be directly linked to the Internets and provide instant and mature remote network management service under plug and play. It’s much convenient for the user to deploy the monitoring networks in the living environment, so that the living environment with the Internet can be realized earlier.
49
Wu, Kun-Lin, and 吳昆霖. "Self-configuration and Auto-substitution Algorithms for Rechargeable Wireless Mobile Sensor Networks." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32qw52.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立虎尾科技大學
資訊工程研究所
101
A wireless sensor network consists of many tiny devices. These devices are sensors deployed in the dangerous regions or the unreachable locations. Sensors collect the environmental information and transfer to the device called as sink via the wireless communication technology. When the sink locates far away from the interested area, sensors require spending much energy on delivering the collected data. This will shorten the operation time of sensors. To continue the monitoring operation, sensors need replacing the battery or more sensors should be deployed. Therefore, the research topic is how to cover the interested area with fewest numbers of sensors and how to minimize the energy consumption. In most of the current studies, sensors do not have the ability to recharge the energy. If the sensors can fulfill its power, the sensors must operate longer. Thus, this paper proposes two algorithms for energy rechargeable sensor networks. Sensors are moveable, and they will move back and forth between duty locations and the recharging areas. Single and multiple recharging areas are considered. The experimental results show that the operation duration in the multiple recharging areas improves 10% than in the single recharging area, and coverage area achieves 96%. The number of movements in the proposed two algorithms is 200 times between the MAX_COV_AVG and FED.
50
Cheng, Sung-Yu, and 鄭崧佑. "Study of 3-dimensional Series-spin-valve Configuration as a Magnetic Field Sensor." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87493822104680914084.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
光電科技研究所
102
The objective of this thesis is aiming to optimize the parameters for 3-axis spin valve magnetic field sensors. First of all, an alternating gradient magnetometer is employed to investigate the magnetic characteristics of high quality spin valve film stacks provided by other groups. Key techniques such as electron beam lithography, photolithography, ion beam etching and ion beam sputtering are used for fabricating the field sensing devices. A standard four-terminal magnetoresistance measurement is utilized for characterizing the electrical properties; therefore a good data base is established for making potential magnetic field sensors. The spin valve devices chosen to be a magnetic field sensor are based on its relatively high magnetoresistance ratio, up to 10 % in this study, thus high sensitivity is guaranteed. Furthermore, linear magnetoresistance response and proper sensing dynamic range are also the most important parameters. It is, therefore, the best choice in adopting current-in-plane configuration as the device structure. Through a series of fabrication of long aspect ratios of elliptical spin valve devices, single one and in-series chain, optimized parameters are being worked out. The single elliptical device with dimensions of 1x10, 1x20, 1x40, 1x60 µm2 and an edge-to-edge of 0.15, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 µm on the in-series ones are fabricated and characterized. Consequently, the in-series device with dimensions of 1x10 µm2 on each elliptical device and edge-to-edge of 4µm turn out to be the best one with sensitivity of 0.48 mV/V/Oe and the dynamic range of ±50 Oe. A prototype of a 3-axis field sensor show good uniform magnetoresistance response throughout the 12 in-series devices in the total area of 5 mm x 5 mm.