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Journal articles on the topic 'Sensorimotoer cortex'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

Uematsu, Sumio, Ronald P. Lesser, and Barry Gordon. "Localization of Sensorimotor Cortex." Neurosurgery 30, no. 6 (1992): 904–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199206000-00015.

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Uematsu, Sumio, Ronald P. Lesser, and Barry Gordon. "Localization of Sensorimotor Cortex." Neurosurgery 30, no. 6 (1992): 904–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199206000-00015.

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Tomasino, Barbara, Miran Skrap, and Raffaella Ida Rumiati. "Causal Role of the Sensorimotor Cortex in Action Simulation: Neuropsychological Evidence." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 8 (2011): 2068–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2010.21577.

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Interest in sensorimotor cortex involvement in higher cognitive functions has recently been revived, although whether the cortex actually contributes to the simulation of body part movements has not yet been established. Neurosurgical patients with selective lesions to the hand sensorimotor representation offer a unique opportunity to demonstrate that the sensorimotor cortex plays a causal role in hand action simulations. Patients with damage to hand representation showed a selective deficit in simulating hand movements compared with object movements (Experiment 1). This deficit extended to ob

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Ferris, Jennifer K., Sue Peters, Katlyn E. Brown, Katherine Tourigny, and Lara A. Boyd. "Type-2 diabetes mellitus reduces cortical thickness and decreases oxidative metabolism in sensorimotor regions after stroke." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 38, no. 5 (2017): 823–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678x17703887.

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Individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus experience poor motor outcomes after ischemic stroke. Recent research suggests that type-2 diabetes adversely impacts neuronal integrity and function, yet little work has considered how these neuronal changes affect sensorimotor outcomes after stroke. Here, we considered how type-2 diabetes impacted the structural and metabolic function of the sensorimotor cortex after stroke using volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). We hypothesized that the combination of chronic stroke and type-2 diabetes would negat

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Athanasiou, Alkinoos, Chrysa Lithari, Konstantina Kalogianni, Manousos A. Klados, and Panagiotis D. Bamidis. "Source Detection and Functional Connectivity of the Sensorimotor Cortex during Actual and Imaginary Limb Movement: A Preliminary Study on the Implementation of eConnectome in Motor Imagery Protocols." Advances in Human-Computer Interaction 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/127627.

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Introduction. Sensorimotor cortex is activated similarly during motor execution and motor imagery. The study of functional connectivity networks (FCNs) aims at successfully modeling the dynamics of information flow between cortical areas.Materials and Methods. Seven healthy subjects performed 4 motor tasks (real foot, imaginary foot, real hand, and imaginary hand movements), while electroencephalography was recorded over the sensorimotor cortex. Event-Related Desynchronization/Synchronization (ERD/ERS) of the mu-rhythm was used to evaluate MI performance. Source detection and FCNs were studied

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Wagle Shukla, Aparna, Jill L. Ostrem, David E. Vaillancourt, Robert Chen, Kelly D. Foote, and Michael S. Okun. "Physiological effects of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation surgery in cervical dystonia." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 89, no. 12 (2018): 1296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2017-317098.

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BackgroundSubthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) surgery is clinically effective for treatment of cervical dystonia; however, the underlying physiology has not been examined. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to examine the effects of STN DBS on sensorimotor integration, sensorimotor plasticity and motor cortex excitability, which are identified as the key pathophysiological features underlying dystonia.MethodsTMS paradigms of short latency afferent inhibition (SAI) and long latency afferent inhibition (LAI) were used to examine the sensorimotor integration. Sensori

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Lametti, Daniel R., Harriet J. Smith, Phoebe F. Freidin, and Kate E. Watkins. "Cortico-cerebellar Networks Drive Sensorimotor Learning in Speech." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 30, no. 4 (2018): 540–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01216.

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The motor cortex and cerebellum are thought to be critical for learning and maintaining motor behaviors. Here we use transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to test the role of the motor cortex and cerebellum in sensorimotor learning in speech. During productions of “head,” “bed,” and “dead,” the first formant of the vowel sound was altered in real time toward the first formant of the vowel sound in “had,” “bad,” and “dad.” Compensatory changes in first and second formant production were used as a measure of motor adaptation. tDCS to either the motor cortex or the cerebellum improved se

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Flanders, Martha. "Functional somatotopy in sensorimotor cortex." NeuroReport 16, no. 4 (2005): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200503150-00001.

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Ryder, John, Rosario Zappulla, and Julia Nieves. "Motor Evoked Potentials Elicited from Pyramidal Stimulation and Recorded from the Spinal Cord in the Rat." Neurosurgery 28, no. 4 (1991): 550–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199104000-00011.

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Abstract This study investigated the spinal evoked response to focal electrical stimulation of the sensorimotor cortex in 32 rats. The results demonstrate a long-latency response (beginning at 8 milliseconds); elicited by electrical stimulation, which is distinct from the short-latency motor evoked potential previously reported. The conduction velocity of this later response is similar to that reported for the pyramidal tract in the rat. Experiments confirm that the longer latency response depends upon the integrity of the pyramidal system. Focal stimulation outside the sensorimotor cortex fai

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Kokhan, Viktor S., Vladimir A. Pikalov, Kirill Chaprov, and Mikhail V. Gulyaev. "Combined Ionizing Radiation Exposure by Gamma Rays and Carbon-12 Nuclei Increases Neurotrophic Factor Content and Prevents Age-Associated Decreases in the Volume of the Sensorimotor Cortex in Rats." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 12 (2024): 6725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126725.

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In orbital and ground-based experiments, it has been demonstrated that ionizing radiation (IR) can stimulate the locomotor and exploratory activity of rodents, but the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon remains undisclosed. Here, we studied the effect of combined IR (0.4 Gy γ-rays and 0.14 Gy carbon-12 nuclei) on the locomotor and exploratory activity of rats, and assessed the sensorimotor cortex volume by magnetic resonance imaging-based morphometry at 1 week and 7 months post-irradiation. The sensorimotor cortex tissues were processed to determine whether the behavioral and morphologic

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Hamdy, Shaheen, John C. Rothwell, David J. Brooks, Dale Bailey, Qasim Aziz, and David G. Thompson. "Identification of the Cerebral Loci Processing Human Swallowing With H2 15O PET Activation." Journal of Neurophysiology 81, no. 4 (1999): 1917–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.81.4.1917.

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Identification of the cerebral loci processing human swallowing with H2 15O PET activation. Lesional and electrophysiological data implicate a role for the cerebral cortex in the initiation and modulation of human swallowing, and yet its functional neuroanatomy remains undefined. We therefore conducted a functional study of the cerebral loci processing human volitional swallowing with 15O-labeled water positron emission tomography (PET) activation imaging. Regional cerebral activation was investigated in 8 healthy right handed male volunteers with a randomized 12-scan paradigm of rest and wate

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Rowed, David W., David A. Houlden, and Devsur G. Basavakumar. "Somatosensory Evoked Potential Identification of Sensorimotor Cortex in Removal of Intracranial Neoplasms." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 24, no. 2 (1997): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100021430.

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ABSTRACT:Objective:To assess the ease and reliability of routine use of somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) for identification of sensorimotor cortex in brain tumour removal and to document its influence on the performance and outcome of surgery.Methods:SSEPs in response to contralateral median nerve stimulation were recorded from the cortical surface by means of a four lead electrode strip. Polarity reversal of short latency SSEP waves was used to identify the position of the central sulcus in 46 consecutive craniotomies for removal of metastases, gliomas, or meningiomas located in, near,

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Puce, Aina, R. Todd Constable, Marie L. Luby, et al. "Functional magnetic resonance imaging of sensory and motor cortex: comparison with electrophysiological localization." Journal of Neurosurgery 83, no. 2 (1995): 262–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1995.83.2.0262.

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✓ Functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed using a 1.5-tesla MR system to localize sensorimotor cortex. Six neurologically normal subjects were studied by means of axial gradient-echo images with a motor task and one or more sensory tasks: 1) electrical stimulation of the median nerve; 2) continuous brushing over the thenar region; and 3) pulsed flow of compressed air over the palm and digits. An increased MR signal was observed in or near the central sulcus, consistent with the location of primary sensory and motor cortex. Four patients were studied using echo planar imaging s

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Schröder, J., F. Wenz, L. R. Schad, K. Baudendistel, and M. V. Knopp. "Sensorimotor Cortex and Supplementary Motor Area Changes in Schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 167, no. 2 (1995): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.167.2.197.

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BackgroundNeurological soft signs (NSS) such as a disturbed finger-to-thumb opposition are frequently found in schizophrenia. To identify the underlying cerebral changes we investigated sensorimotor cortex and supplementary motor area (SMA) activation during finger-to-thumb opposition using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).MethodTen DSM–III–R schizophrenics and seven healthy controls were included. All subjects were right-handed. fMRI was carried out in a resting condition followed by an activation state (finger-to-thumb opposition) and the activities in the sensorimotor cortices a

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Seidler, Rachael D., Brittany S. Gluskin, and Brian Greeley. "Right prefrontal cortex transcranial direct current stimulation enhances multi-day savings in sensorimotor adaptation." Journal of Neurophysiology 117, no. 1 (2017): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00563.2016.

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We have previously reported that visuospatial working memory performance and magnitude of activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex predict the rate of visuomotor adaptation. Recent behavioral studies suggest that sensorimotor savings, or faster relearning on second exposure to a task, are due to recall of these early, strategic components of adaptation. In the present study we applied anodal transcranial direct current stimulation to right or left prefrontal cortex or left motor cortex. We found that all groups adapted dart throwing movements while wearing prism lenses at the sam

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van Meer, Maurits PA, Kajo van der Marel, Willem M. Otte, Jan Willem Berkelbach van der Sprenkel, and Rick M. Dijkhuizen. "Correspondence between Altered Functional and Structural Connectivity in the Contralesional Sensorimotor Cortex after Unilateral Stroke in Rats: A Combined Resting-State Functional MRI and Manganese-Enhanced MRI Study." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 30, no. 10 (2010): 1707–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2010.124.

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This study shows a significant correlation between functional connectivity, as measured with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neuroanatomical connectivity, as measured with manganese-enhanced MRI, in rats at 10 weeks after unilateral stroke and in age-matched controls. Reduced interhemispheric functional connectivity between the contralesional primary motor cortex (M1) and ipsilesional sensorimotor cortical regions was accompanied by a decrease in transcallosal manganese transfer from contralesional M1 to the ipsilesional sensorimotor cortex after a large unilater

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Striem-Amit, Ella, Gilles Vannuscorps, and Alfonso Caramazza. "Plasticity based on compensatory effector use in the association but not primary sensorimotor cortex of people born without hands." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 30 (2018): 7801–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1803926115.

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What forces direct brain organization and its plasticity? When brain regions are deprived of their input, which regions reorganize based on compensation for the disability and experience, and which regions show topographically constrained plasticity? People born without hands activate their primary sensorimotor hand region while moving body parts used to compensate for this disability (e.g., their feet). This was taken to suggest a neural organization based on functions, such as performing manual-like dexterous actions, rather than on body parts, in primary sensorimotor cortex. We tested the s

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Paus, Tomáš, Robert Jech, Christopher J. Thompson, Roch Comeau, Terry Peters, and Alan C. Evans. "Dose-Dependent Reduction of Cerebral Blood Flow During Rapid-Rate Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Human Sensorimotor Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 79, no. 2 (1998): 1102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.1102.

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Paus, Tomáš, Robert Jech, Christopher J. Thompson, Roch Comeau, Terry Peters, and Alan C. Evans. Dose-dependent reduction of cerebral blood flow during rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human sensorimotor cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 1102–1107, 1998. Rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was used to stimulate the primary sensorimotor cortex in six healthy volunteers while regional changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) were simultaneously measured by means of positron emission tomography. A figure-eight TMS coil (Cadwell Corticoil) was positioned, using frameless

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Bucher, Stefan F., Marianne Dieterich, Klaus C. Seelos, and Thomas Brandt. "Sensorimotor cerebral activation during optokinetic nystagmus." Neurology 49, no. 5 (1997): 1370–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.49.5.1370.

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Self-motion or object motion can elicit optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), which is an integral part of dynamic spatial orientation. We used functional MR imaging during horizontal OKN to study cerebral activation patterns in sensory and ocular motor areas in 10 subjects. We found activation bilaterally in the primary visual cortex, the motion-sensitive areas in the occipitotemporal cortex (the middle temporal and medial superior temporal areas), and in areas known to control several types of saccades such as the precentral and posterior median frontal gyrus, the posterior parietal cortex, and the m

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Colebatch, J. G., M. P. Deiber, R. E. Passingham, K. J. Friston, and R. S. Frackowiak. "Regional cerebral blood flow during voluntary arm and hand movements in human subjects." Journal of Neurophysiology 65, no. 6 (1991): 1392–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1991.65.6.1392.

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1. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured using positron emission tomography in six normal volunteers while at rest and while performing four different repetitive movements of the right arm. 2. The four movements were performed in random order and consisted of abduction of the index finger, making a fist, sequential thumb to digit opposition, and shoulder flexion. All the movements were done at the same rate, using an auditory cue and involved displacements through similar amounts of the physiological range at each joint. 3. Increases in rCBF were interpreted as evidence of local neu

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BRENNEIS, C., W. N. LÖSCHER, K. E. EGGER, et al. "Cortical Motor Activation Patterns Following Hand Transplantation and Replantation." Journal of Hand Surgery 30, no. 5 (2005): 530–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsb.2005.05.012.

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We studied cortical activation patterns by functional MRI in a patient who received bilateral hand transplantation after amputation 6 years ago and in a patient who had received unilateral hand replantation within 2 hours after amputation. In the early postoperative period, the patient who had had the hand transplantation revealed strong activation of a higher motor area, only weak activation of the primary sensorimotor motor cortex and no activation of the primary somatosensory cortex. At 1-year follow-up, a small increase in primary sensorimotor motor cortex activation was observed. Activati

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Jirsch, Jeffrey D., Neda Bernasconi, Flavio Villani, Paolo Vitali, Giuliano Avanzini, and Andrea Bernasconi. "Sensorimotor organization in double cortex syndrome." Human Brain Mapping 27, no. 6 (2006): 535–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20197.

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Dong, Yun, Langston T. Holly, Richard Albistegui-Dubois, et al. "Compensatory cerebral adaptations before and evolving changes after surgical decompression in cervical spondylotic myelopathy." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 9, no. 6 (2008): 538–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/spi.2008.10.0831.

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Object The goal of this study was to compare cortical sensorimotor adaptations associated with neurological deterioration and then recovery following surgical decompression for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Methods Eight patients with CSM underwent functional MR (fMR) imaging during wrist extension and the 3-finger pinch task, along with behavioral assessments before and 3 and 6 months after surgery. Six healthy control volunteers were scanned twice. Results Cervical spine MR imaging demonstrated successful cord decompression. The patients improved after surgery on the modified Japane

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Misra, Gaurav, Wei-en Wang, Derek B. Archer, Arnab Roy, and Stephen A. Coombes. "Automated classification of pain perception using high-density electroencephalography data." Journal of Neurophysiology 117, no. 2 (2017): 786–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00650.2016.

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The translation of brief, millisecond-long pain-eliciting stimuli to the subjective perception of pain is associated with changes in theta, alpha, beta, and gamma oscillations over sensorimotor cortex. However, when a pain-eliciting stimulus continues for minutes, regions beyond the sensorimotor cortex, such as the prefrontal cortex, are also engaged. Abnormalities in prefrontal cortex have been associated with chronic pain states, but conventional, millisecond-long EEG paradigms do not engage prefrontal regions. In the current study, we collected high-density EEG data during an experimental p

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Schnitzler, Alfons, Joachim Gross, and Lars Timmermann. "Synchronised oscillations of the human sensorimotor cortex." Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 60, no. 2 (2000): 271–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.55782/ane-2000-1346.

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Oscillations are a prominent feature of macroscopic human sensorimotor cortical activity as recorded non-invasively with electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). The advent of whole-scalp MEG systems allowing rapid non-invasive recording from the entire cortex and accurate localisation of neural sources, and the development of refined signal analysis methods are important factors that led to an increasing interest in studies of sensorimotor oscillations during the last 10 years. Investigations on healthy subjects revealed frequency-specific localisation and modality-speci

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Mykland, Martin Syvertsen, Marte Helene Bjørk, Marit Stjern, and Trond Sand. "Alterations in post-movement beta event related synchronization throughout the migraine cycle: A controlled, longitudinal study." Cephalalgia 38, no. 4 (2017): 718–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102417709011.

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Background The migraine brain is believed to have altered cortical excitability compared to controls and between migraine cycle phases. Our aim was to evaluate post-activation excitability through post-movement beta event related synchronization (PMBS) in sensorimotor cortices with and without sensory discrimination. Subjects and methods We recorded EEG of 41 migraine patients and 31 healthy controls on three different days with classification of days in relation to migraine phases. During each recording, subjects performed one motor and one sensorimotor task with the right wrist. Controls and

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Vitório, Rodrigo, Ellen Lirani-Silva, Diego Orcioli-Silva, Victor Spiandor Beretta, Anderson Souza Oliveira, and Lilian Teresa Bucken Gobbi. "Electrocortical Dynamics of Usual Walking and the Planning to Step over Obstacles in Parkinson’s Disease." Sensors 23, no. 10 (2023): 4866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23104866.

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The neural correlates of locomotion impairments observed in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are not fully understood. We investigated whether people with PD present distinct brain electrocortical activity during usual walking and the approach phase of obstacle avoidance when compared to healthy individuals. Fifteen people with PD and fourteen older adults walked overground in two conditions: usual walking and obstacle crossing. Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded using a mobile 64-channel EEG system. Independent components were clustered using a k-means clustering algorithm. O

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Rangel, Maria L., Lidiane Souza, Erika C. Rodrigues, et al. "Predicting Upcoming Events Occurring in the Space Surrounding the Hand." Neural Plasticity 2021 (February 20, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6649135.

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Predicting upcoming sensorimotor events means creating forward estimates of the body and the surrounding world. This ability is a fundamental aspect of skilled motor behavior and requires an accurate and constantly updated representation of the body and the environment. To test whether these prediction mechanisms could be affected by a peripheral injury, we employed an action observation and electroencephalogram (EEG) paradigm to assess the occurrence of prediction markers in anticipation of observed sensorimotor events in healthy and brachial plexus injury (BPI) participants. Nine healthy sub

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Avivi-Arber, Limor, Ruth Martin, Jye-Chang Lee, and Barry J. Sessle. "Face sensorimotor cortex and its neuroplasticity related to orofacial sensorimotor functions." Archives of Oral Biology 56, no. 12 (2011): 1440–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.04.005.

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Jenkins, Luke, Wei-ju Chang, Valentina Buscemi, et al. "Is there a causal relationship between acute stage sensorimotor cortex activity and the development of chronic low back pain? a protocol and statistical analysis plan." BMJ Open 9, no. 12 (2019): e035792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035792.

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IntroductionWhy some people develop chronic pain following an acute episode of low back pain is unknown. Recent cross-sectional studies have suggested a relationship between aberrant sensorimotor cortex activity and pain persistence. The UPWaRD (Understanding persistent Pain Where it ResiDes) cohort study is the first prospective, longitudinal investigation of sensorimotor cortex activity in low back pain. This paper describes the development of a causal model and statistical analysis plan for investigating the causal effect of sensorimotor cortex activity on the development of chronic low bac

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Davenport, P. W., R. Shannon, A. Mercak, R. L. Reep, and B. G. Lindsey. "Cerebral cortical evoked potentials elicited by cat intercostal muscle mechanoreceptors." Journal of Applied Physiology 74, no. 2 (1993): 799–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.2.799.

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Intercostal muscle afferents discharge in response to changes in intercostal muscle mechanics and have spinal and brain stem projections. It was hypothesized that intercostal muscle mechanoreceptors also project to the sensorimotor cortex. In cats, the proximal muscle branch of an intercostal nerve was used for electrical stimulation. The mechanical stimulation was stretch of an isolated intercostal space. The sensorimotor cortex was mapped with a surface ball electrode. Primary cortical evoked potentials (CEP) were found in area 3a of the sensorimotor cortex with mechanical and electrical sti

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Artemenko, Christina, Silke Maria Wortha, Thomas Dresler, et al. "Finger-Based Numerical Training Increases Sensorimotor Activation for Arithmetic in Children—An fNIRS Study." Brain Sciences 12, no. 5 (2022): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12050637.

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Most children use their fingers when learning to count and calculate. These sensorimotor experiences were argued to underlie reported behavioral associations of finger gnosis and counting with mathematical skills. On the neural level, associations were assumed to originate from overlapping neural representations of fingers and numbers. This study explored whether finger-based training in children would lead to specific neural activation in the sensorimotor cortex, associated with finger movements, as well as the parietal cortex, associated with number processing, during mental arithmetic. Foll

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Unruh, Kathryn E., Laura E. Martin, Grant Magnon, David E. Vaillancourt, John A. Sweeney, and Matthew W. Mosconi. "Cortical and subcortical alterations associated with precision visuomotor behavior in individuals with autism spectrum disorder." Journal of Neurophysiology 122, no. 4 (2019): 1330–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00286.2019.

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In addition to core deficits in social-communication abilities and repetitive behaviors and interests, many patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience developmental comorbidities, including sensorimotor issues. Sensorimotor issues are common in ASD and associated with more severe clinical symptoms. Importantly, sensorimotor behaviors are precisely quantifiable and highly translational, offering promising targets for neurophysiological studies of ASD. We used functional MRI to identify brain regions associated with sensorimotor behavior using a visually guided precision gripping ta

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Wood, Charles C., Dennis D. Spencer, Truett Allison, Gregory McCarthy, Peter D. Williamson, and William R. Goff. "Localization of human sensorimotor cortex during surgery by cortical surface recording of somatosensory evoked potentials." Journal of Neurosurgery 68, no. 1 (1988): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1988.68.1.0099.

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✓ The traditional means of localizing sensorimotor cortex during surgery is Penfield's procedure of mapping sensory and motor responses elicited by electrical stimulation of the cortical surface. This procedure can accurately localize sensorimotor cortex but is time-consuming and best carried out in awake, cooperative patients. An alternative localization procedure is presented that involves cortical surface recordings of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP's), providing accurate and rapid localization in patients under either local or general anesthesia. The morphology and amplitude of media

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Müsch, Kathrin, Kevin Himberger, Kean Ming Tan, Taufik A. Valiante, and Christopher J. Honey. "Transformation of speech sequences in human sensorimotor circuits." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 6 (2020): 3203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910939117.

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After we listen to a series of words, we can silently replay them in our mind. Does this mental replay involve a reactivation of our original perceptual dynamics? We recorded electrocorticographic (ECoG) activity across the lateral cerebral cortex as people heard and then mentally rehearsed spoken sentences. For each region, we tested whether silent rehearsal of sentences involved reactivation of sentence-specific representations established during perception or transformation to a distinct representation. In sensorimotor and premotor cortex, we observed reliable and temporally precise respons

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van Meer, Maurits PA, Kajo van der Marel, Jan Willem Berkelbach van der Sprenkel, and Rick M. Dijkhuizen. "MRI of bilateral sensorimotor network activation in response to direct intracortical stimulation in rats after unilateral stroke." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 31, no. 7 (2011): 1583–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2011.61.

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Reinstatement of perilesional activation and connectivity may underlie functional recovery after stroke. To measure activation responsiveness in perilesional cortex in relation to white matter integrity, we performed functional functional magnetic resonance imaging during stimulation of the contralesional cortex, together with diffusion tensor imaging, 3 and 28 days after stroke in rats. Despite disturbed sensorimotor function and abnormal callosal appearance at day 3, activation amplitudes were preserved in the perilesional sensorimotor cortex, although time-to-peak was significantly delayed.

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Saenko, I. V., L. A. Chernikova, A. E. Khizhnikova, E. I. Kremneva, and I. B. Kozlovskaya. "DYNAMICS OF THE PROCESSES OF INTER- AND INTRA-HEMISPHERIC INTERACTIONS (FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY) OF THE BRAIN MOTOR ZONES RESPONSIBLE FOR WALKING IN NEURO-REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH FOCAL DAMAGES OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM." Aerospace and Environmental Medicine 54, no. 6 (2020): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21687/0233-528x-2020-54-6-136-143.

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The paper discusses the findings of studying neuroplastic transformations in the brain cortex owing to stroke patients therapy using soft multimodel exoskeleton complex (MEC) REGENT in comparison with activation of the cortex structures controlling locomotion in healthy people. The MEC course applied to hemiparetic patients increases walk speed; changes in the activity zones detected by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) attest to the positive trajectory of neuroplastic processes, i.e. activation in the precentral gyrus (primary motor cortex), secondary association cortex (inferior p

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Shinagawa, Hideo, Takashi Ono, Ei-ichi Honda, Tohru Kurabayashi, Atsushi Iriki, and Kimie Ohyama. "Distinctive Cortical Articulatory Representation in Cleft Lip and Palate: A Preliminary Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 43, no. 5 (2006): 620–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/05-027.

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Objective: To investigate cortical representation of articulation of the bilabial plosive in patients with cleft lip and palate. Design: We examined cortical representation for /pa/-articulation in cleft lip and palate patients using blood oxygenation level–dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Subjects: Data from four postsurgical adult cleft lip and palate patients were compared with those from six healthy volunteers. Results: Activation foci were found in the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex in all cleft lip and palate patients, as in the controls. The sensorimotor cortex ip

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Zhang, Dongyang, James M. Johnston, Michael D. Fox, et al. "Preoperative Sensorimotor Mapping in Brain Tumor Patients Using Spontaneous Fluctuations in Neuronal Activity Imaged With Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Initial Experience." Operative Neurosurgery 65, suppl_6 (2009): ons226—ons236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000350868.95634.ca.

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Abstract Objective: To describe initial experience with resting-state correlation mapping as a potential aid for presurgical planning of brain tumor resection. Methods: Resting-state blood oxygenation-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans were acquired in 17 healthy young adults and 4 patients with brain tumors invading sensorimotor cortex. Conventional fMRI motor mapping (finger-tapping protocol) was also performed in the patients. Intraoperatively, motor hand area was mapped using cortical stimulation. Results: Robust and consistent delineation of sensorimotor cortex w

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Areshenkoff, Corson N., Anouk J. de Brouwer, Daniel J. Gale, et al. "Distinct patterns of connectivity with the motor cortex reflect different components of sensorimotor learning." PLOS Biology 22, no. 12 (2024): e3002934. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002934.

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Sensorimotor learning is supported by multiple competing processes that operate concurrently, making it a challenge to elucidate their neural underpinnings. Here, using human functional MRI, we identify 3 distinct axes of connectivity between the motor cortex and other brain regions during sensorimotor adaptation. These 3 axes uniquely correspond to subjects’ degree of implicit learning, performance errors and explicit strategy use, and involve different brain networks situated at increasing levels of the cortical hierarchy. We test the generalizability of these neural axes to a separate form

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Wise, S. P., G. di Pellegrino, and D. Boussaoud. "The premotor cortex and nonstandard sensorimotor mapping." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 74, no. 4 (1996): 469–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y96-035.

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Francis, Joseph Thachil, and Weiguo Song. "Neuroplasticity of the Sensorimotor Cortex during Learning." Neural Plasticity 2011 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/310737.

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We will discuss some of the current issues in understanding plasticity in the sensorimotor (SM) cortices on the behavioral, neurophysiological, and synaptic levels. We will focus our paper on reaching and grasping movements in the rat. In addition, we will discuss our preliminary work utilizing inhibition of protein kinase Mζ (PKMζ), which has recently been shown necessary and sufficient for the maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) (Ling et al., 2002). With this new knowledge and inhibitors to this system, as well as the ability to overexpress this system, we can start to directly modul

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Field, D. T., and J. P. Wann. "Perceiving time to collision activates sensorimotor cortex." Journal of Vision 5, no. 8 (2005): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/5.8.733.

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Petersen, Carl C. H. "Sensorimotor processing in the rodent barrel cortex." Nature Reviews Neuroscience 20, no. 9 (2019): 533–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41583-019-0200-y.

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Ogawa, K., and H. Imamizu. "Human Sensorimotor Cortex Represents Conflicting Visuomotor Mappings." Journal of Neuroscience 33, no. 15 (2013): 6412–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.4661-12.2013.

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Balslev, D., N. B. Albert, and R. C. Miall. "Eye Proprioceptive Representation in Human Sensorimotor Cortex." NeuroImage 47 (July 2009): S131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71276-5.

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Fanardjian, V. V., O. V. Gevorkyan, R. K. Mallina, A. B. Melik-Moussian, and I. B. Meliksetyan. "Enhanced Behavioral Recovery from Sensorimotor Cortex Lesions After Pyramidotomy in Adult Rats." Neural Plasticity 7, no. 4 (2000): 261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/np.2000.261.

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Unilateral transection of the bulbar pyramid, performed before the ablation of the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex, has been shown to facilitate the recovery of operantly conditioned reflexes and compensatory processes in rats. Such enhanced behaviorai recovery was absent when only the sensorimotor cortex was ablated. This phenomenon is explained by the switching of motor activity under the control of the cortico-rubrospinal system. Switching of the descending influences is accomplished through the following loop: cortico-rubrai projectionred nucleus-inferior olive-cerebellum-thalamuscerebral

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Draganova, Rossitza, Viktor Pfaffenrot, Katharina M. Steiner, et al. "Neurostructural changes and declining sensorimotor function due to cerebellar cortical degeneration." Journal of Neurophysiology 125, no. 5 (2021): 1735–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00266.2020.

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NEW & NOTEWORTHY: Neurodegeneration of the cerebellum progresses over years and primarily affects cerebellar cortex. It leads to a progressive loss of control and coordination of movement. We here show that the neurodegenerative process not only leads to cells loss in cerebellar cortex but also induces neurostructural changes in the form of increased gray matter in the efferent targets of the cerebellar cortex, namely, the cerebellar output nuclei, the SMA, and premotor cortex.

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Biswal, B., A. G. Hudetz, F. Zerrin Yetkin, Victor M. Haughton, and James S. Hyde. "Hypercapnia Reversibly Suppresses Low-Frequency Fluctuations in the Human Motor Cortex during Rest Using Echo–Planar MRI." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 17, no. 3 (1997): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004647-199703000-00007.

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Using magnetic resonance (MR) echo–planar imaging (EPI), we recently demonstrated the presence of low-frequency fluctuations (<0.1 Hz) in MR signal intensity from the resting human brain that have a high degree of temporal correlation ( p < 10–3) within and across associated regions of the sensorimotor cortex. These fluctuations in MR signal intensity are believed to arise from fluctuations in capillary blood flow and oxygenation. A substantial overlap between the activation map generated by bilateral finger tapping and temporally-correlated voxels from the sensorimotor cortex obtained d

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Wray, Carter D., Tim M. Blakely, Sandra L. Poliachik, et al. "Multimodality localization of the sensorimotor cortex in pediatric patients undergoing epilepsy surgery." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 10, no. 1 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2012.3.peds11554.

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Object The gold-standard method for determining cortical functional organization in the context of neurosurgical intervention is electrical cortical stimulation (ECS), which disrupts normal cortical function to evoke movement. This technique is imprecise, however, as motor responses are not limited to the precentral gyrus. Electrical cortical stimulation also can trigger seizures, is not always tolerated, and is often unsuccessful, especially in children. Alternatively, endogenous motor and sensory signals can be mapped by somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), functional MRI (fMRI), and ele

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