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1
Griffin, Cayce. "Comparisons of the VA and Auditec Versions of NU-6 on Older Listeners with SNHL." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/181.
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People with sensorineural hearing loss historically have difficulties understanding speech. For this reason, speech- or word-recognition abilities typically are assessed in an audiologic evaluation. The Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6 (NU-6) is often used to evaluate this ability. One of the main variables in understanding speech is the speaker of the materials. It is well established that different speakers produce speech that is differentially intelligible. Some speakers are easier to understand than other speakers. The purpose of this study was to determine the word–recognition difference between the Auditec and VA speaker versions of NU-6 by older listeners with sensorineural hearing loss (OHL). Young adults with normal hearing (YNH) exhibit slightly better recognition performance on the Auditec version than on the VA version. A direct comparison of these two versions of NU-6 using the same older listeners for both materials has not been made. This study was conducted in quiet using a simple factorial design. Thirty-six OHL listeners participated (M = 71.6 years). Pure-tone thresholds were obtained on the test ear using a computerized protocol, Automated Method for Testing Auditory Sensitivity (AMTAS). Each participant was presented randomly 1200 NU-6 words (2 speakers by 6 levels by 100 words) over three sessions. Presentation levels of -2- to 38-dB SL in 8-dB steps for the recorded materials were referenced to the three-frequency, pure-tone average. In each of 3, 1-hour sessions, 25-practice items were given followed by 400 of the 1200 test words. A questionnaire assessed the perceived level of difficulty of each speaker. Overall, recognition performance was better on the Auditec version (68.7%) than on the VA (58.2%) version. This better performance on the Auditec version was observed at each presentation level. Of the 200 NU-6 words, the Auditec version produced better overall performances on 84.3%. The differences were maximized at the 50% point: 5.9-dB SL (Auditec) and 11.7-dB SL (VA). Only at the two highest presentation levels (30- and 38-dB SL) were equivalent performances achieved. Considering the 6 presentation levels of the 200 words, 1200 recognition performances were available, of which better performances were obtained with the Auditec version on 64.3%, with the VA version on 19.5%, and with equal performances on 16.2%. The results are overwhelming that for the conditions used in this study the Auditec version of NU-6 was easier to understand than the VA version. The only similarities between the data from the two speakers were the slopes of the functions at the 50% points, 3.3%/dB (SD = 1.1%/dB) and 3.5%/dB (SD = 1.0%/dB) for the Auditec and VA versions, respectively. The results of the questionnaire revealed that 83.3% of the participants reported that the Auditec version was easier to understand. In a study of YNH listeners using the same experimental paradigm, similar, but smaller, differences were observed between the two versions of NU-6. Overall, the Auditec version of NU-6 was easier to understand than the VA version for reasons ranging from calibration issues to variables that are only speculative about auditory function.
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Seeman, Scott E. "Informational Masking and Sensorineural Hearing Loss." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250704738.
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Nakashima, T., T. Yoshida, S. Nakata, et al. "Vestibular aqueduct in sudden sensorineural hearing loss." Cambridge University Press, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14312.
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Graf, Isaac John 1972. "Simulation of the effects of sensorineural hearing loss." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42761.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1997.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-112).<br>by Isaac John Graf.<br>M.S.
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Cullen, J. R. "Sudden hearing loss : an animal model." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326426.
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Mujica, Mota Mario. "Otoprotection of metformin in radiation-induced sensorineural hearing loss." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117200.
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Introduction: Radiotherapy can cause permanent hearing loss when the ears are included in the radiation field. To date, no treatment is available to prevent this outcome. The effects of radiation are caused by free radical formation, leading to apoptosis of the cells in the organ of Corti. Metformin has demonstrated anticancer and anti-aging properties through the regulation of reactive oxygen species production after cellular stresses.Objectives: To determine the safety and radio-protective properties of Metformin against radiation-induced cochlear damage in vivo and in vitro. Materials and Methods: For the in vitro study, cultured auditory hair cells (HEI-OC1) were exposed to different concentrations of Metformin to determine its safety. Next, cells were incubated with these concentrations and subjected to radiation. Cell viability after experiments was determined with the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay.For the in-vivo study, 15 guinea pigs were divided in two groups: drinking tap water (n=7) and drinking water containing Metformin (n=8) at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day. The ears of the animals were unilaterally irradiated for 20 days (total dose 71 Gy) and subsequently divided in four groups: Control (n=7), Irradiated (n=7), Metformin (n=8), Experimental (n=8). Distortion Products Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) and Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR) were assessed before, one week and six weeks after completion of radiotherapy.Results: Metformin was not ototoxic or radio-protective in cultured auditory hair cells. DPOAE measurements did not show hearing loss or differences between the four groups at the different time points evaluated. After 6 weeks, ABR demonstrated progressive hearing loss. Experimental ears had less hearing loss than radiated ones; however, differences were not statistically significant.Conclusion: Metformin is not ototoxic in vitro or in vivo. Metformin was not protective against radiation induced cell death in vitro.<br>Introduction: La radiothérapie peut provoquer une perte auditive permanente quand l'oreille est incluse dans la zone de radiation. Il n'y existe aucun traitement préventif pour cet effet néfaste. La radiation provoque la formation des radicales libres entrainant la mort de cellules dans l'organe de Corti. La Metformine, un médicament vastement utilisé dans le traitement du diabète a montré des propriétés anticancéreuses et antivieillissement par la régulation de la production d'espèces réactives de l'oxygène après le stress cellulaire. Objectifs: Déterminer l'ototoxicité et les propriétés radio-protectives de la Metformine contre l'atteinte cochléaire provoqué par radiation in vivo et in vitro.Matériaux et méthodes: Les cellules auditives cultivées (HEI-OC1) ont été exposées à différentes concentrations de Metformine pour déterminer le potentiel d'ototoxicité de ce dernier. En plus, les cellules ont été incubées avec diverses concentrations et par la suite, exposées à la radiation. La survie cellulaire a été déterminée par la méthode MTS. Quinze cochon d'Inde ont été divisés en deux groupes: buvant de l'eau potable (n=7) et buvant de l'eau contenant la Metformine (n=8) avec une dose de 100 mg /kg/jour. Les oreilles des animaux ont été irradiées unilatéralement pendant 20 jours (dose totale 71 Gy) et par conséquence ont été divisées en quatre groupes: Control (n=7), Irradiées (n=7), Metformine (n=8), Expérimentales (n=8). Les Produits de Distorsion des Émissions Otoacoustiques (PDEO) et les Réponses Auditives du Tronc Cérébral (RATC) ont été six semaines après la radiothérapie.Résultats: La Metformine n'est pas été ototoxique ou radio-protective des cellules auditives cultivées. Les PDEO test n'ont pas montré de perte auditive ou de différences entre les quatre groupes aux différents temps évaluées. Après six semaines. Les oreilles expérimentales ont eu moins de perte auditive comparées aux oreilles irradiées, néanmoins les différences n'ont pas été significatives.Conclusion: La Metformine n'est pas ototoxique in vitro ou in vivo. La Metformine n'a pas été otoprotective in vitro ou contre la perte auditive causée par radiation après un suivi de six semaines après la fin de la radiothérapie.
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Johnson, Earl E. "Amplification Options for Severe-to-Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1974.
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Wilson, Richard H., Robert King, and Faith W. Akin. "Unilateral Transitory Sensorineural Hearing Loss Following a Dental Procedure." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2423.
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Johnson, Earl E. "Fitting a Hearing Aid to Conductive Hearing Loss and Realistic Expectations When Fitting a Hearing Aid to Sensorineural Hearing Loss." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1740.
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Eager, Katrise Mary. "Rehabilitation of unilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss with a bone anchored hearing aid." University of Western Australia. School of Surgery, 2010. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0061.
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The long-term outcomes of subjects fitted with a bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA) for a unilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss (UPSHL) are still evolving. Previous studies have focused on the comparison between shortterm outcomes obtained with hard-wired contralateral routing of signal (CROS) hearing aids and those obtained with BAHA devices. Published results on subjects who have worn their BAHA devices for UPSHL for more than twelve months are limited. This study explored the long-term outcomes of adults fitted with a BAHA for UPSHL. The aims were firstly to examine subjects' pre-operative and postoperative speech perception in quiet and noise, as well as administer two standardised questionnaires, the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Benefit (APHAB) and the Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile (GHABP). The second aim was to evaluate the responses of implanted subjects following the preoperative test protocols using a supplementary questionnaire, the Single Sided Deafness Questionnaire (SSDQ). The third aim was to monitor the subjects' implant or repair issues. In addition, questionnaire results were compared to subjects who underwent pre-operative assessment but were not implanted. All subjects had a UPSHL resulting from various aetiologies including vestibular schwannoma or other skull base tumour removal, viral infections, cochlear trauma, idiopathic sudden hearing loss, and Meniere's disease. There was a significant difference between the implanted groups' pre- and post-operative outcomes measures, indicating a treatment effect from the fitting of the BAHA device. No significant changes were found with the non-implanted groups' longterm outcome measures in regards to their perceived hearing difficulties. No significant correlations were found between outcome measures and gender, age of fitting, length of deafness, or ear affected for either group.
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Schairer, Kim, Douglas H. Keefe, Denis Fitzpatrick, et al. "Wideband Transient Otoacoustic Emissions in Ears with Normal Hearing and Sensorineural Hearing Loss." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.5068081.
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Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are generated in the cochlea in response to sound and are used clinically to separate ears with normal hearing from sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). OAEs were elicited at ambient pressure by clicks (CEOAE) and wideband chirps (TEOAE) sweeping from low-to-high frequency with a sweep rate of either 187.6 Hz/ms (short chirps) or 58.2 Hz/ms (long chirps) and a bandwidth extending to 8 kHz. Chirps were presented at the same sound exposure level (SEL) as clicks, or + 6 dB relative to clicks. A total of 288 OAE waveforms were averaged for short chirps in ~1 minute compared to 120 waveforms for long chirps. Compared to clicks, the chirp has a lower crest factor, which allows it to be presented at an overall higher SEL without distortion. OAEs were elicited in 79 adults with normal hearing and 51 adults with mild-to-moderate SNHL. One-sixth octave OAE signal-to-noise ratios from 0.7 to 8.0 kHz were compared across stimulus types and conditions. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) was used to assess the accuracy of detecting SNHL. Average AUCs across 1/6th octave frequencies ranged from 0.90 to 0.89 for TEOAEs and were 0.87 for the CEOAE suggesting excellent test performance.
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Wilding, Phillipa Jane. "Speech Understanding Abilities of Older Adults with Sensorineural Hearing Loss." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Communication Disorders, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4473.
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Older adults with sensorineural hearing loss have greater difficulty understanding speech than younger adults with equivalent hearing (Gates & Mills, 2005). This increased difficulty may be related to the influence of peripheral, central auditory processing or cognitive deficits and although this has been extensively debated the relative contribution to speech understanding is equivocal (Working Group on Speech Understanding and Aging, 1988). Furthermore, changes to the speech mechanism that occur as a result of age lead to natural degradations of signal quality. Studies involving hearing impaired listeners have not examined the influence of such naturally degraded speech signals. The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) whether older hearing impaired listeners demonstrate differences in speech understanding ability or perceived effort of listening on the basis of the age of the
speaker and the predictability of the stimulus, and (2) whether any individual differences in speech understanding were related to central auditory processing ability. The participants included nineteen native speakers of New Zealand English ranging in age from 60 to 87 years
(mean = 71.4 years) with age-related sensorineural hearing loss. Each participant underwent a full audiological assessment, three measures of central auditory processing (the Dichotic Digits Test, the Random Gap Detection Test and the Staggered Spondaic Words Test), and completed a computer-based listening experiment containing phrases of high and low predictability spoken by two groups: (1) young adults (18 – 30 years) and (2) older adults (70 years and above). Participants were required to repeat stimulus phrases as heard, with the researcher entering orthographic transcriptions into the custom-designed computer programme. An Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine if significant differences existed in percentage words correct scores as a factor of speaker group (young versus older speakers) and stimulus predictability (high predictability versus low predictability phrases), with level of presentation (dB) as a covariate. Results demonstrated that although there were no significant differences in percentage words correct with regards to speaker group as expected, lower scores were achieved for low predictability phrases. In addition, increased listener effort was required when listening to the speech from the older adult group and during the low predictability phrase condition. Positive correlations were found between word understanding scores and tests of dichotic separation, which suggests
that central auditory processing deficits contribute to the speech understanding difficulties of older adults. The implications of these findings for audiological assessment and rehabilitation are explored.
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Arioz, Umut. "Developing Subject-specific Frequency Lowering Algorithms With Simulated Hearing Loss For The Enhancement Of Sensorineural Hearing Loss." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614929/index.pdf.
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The hearing and understanding problems of the people with high frequency hearing loss are covered within the scope of this thesis. For overcoming these problems, two main studies, developing hearing loss simulation (HLS) and applying new frequency lowering methods (FLMs) were carried out. HLS was developed with the suprathreshold effects and new FLMs were applied with different combinations of the FLMs. For evaluating the studies, modified rhyme test (MRT) and speech intelligibility index (SII) were used as subjective and objective measures, respectively. Before both of the studies, offline studies were carried out for specifying the significant parameters and values for using in MRT. For the HLS study, twelve hearing impaired subjects listened to unprocessed sounds and thirty six normal hearing subjects listened to simulated sounds. In the evaluation of the HLS, both measures gave similar and consistent results for both unprocessed and simulated sounds. In FLMs study, hearing impaired subjects were simulated and normal hearing subjects listened to frequency lowered sounds with the specified methods, parameters and values. All FLMs were compared with the standard method of hearing aids (amplification) for five different noisy environments. FLMs satisfied 83% success of higher speech intelligibility improvement than amplification in all cases. As a conclusion, the necessity of using subject-specific FLMs was shown to achieve higher intelligibility than with amplification only. Accordingly, a methodology for selection of the values of parameters for different noisy environments and for different audiograms was developed.
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Pereira, Sónia Lopes. "Sudden sensorineural hearing loss : evaluation of co-morbidities and potential clinical associations." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10862.
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RESUMO: A surdez súbita (SS) caracteriza-se por uma perda abrupta de audição, mais frequentemente unilateral e associada a sensação de preenchimento aural, acufenos e vertigem. Afecta 5-20/100.000pessoas/ano (sobretudo adultos em fase activa na década de 40), com grande impacto na qualidade de vida. Possíveis causas incluem doenças infecciosas, circulatórias, traumáticas, imunológicas, neoplásicas, neurológicas, tóxicas e cocleares. No entanto, a causa da SS permanece desconhecida na maioria dos casos (80%), o que origina tratamentos controversos e frequentemente ineficientes. Os tratamentos disponíveis variam desde corticosteróides a antivirais, vasodilatadores, anti-agregantes, anticoagulantes, vitaminas e oxigénio hiperbárico (OHB).
Atendendo a falta de informação relativa à etiologia e fisiopatologia da SS, pretendemos avaliar a evolução clínica dos doentes com SS tratados com OHB no Centro de Medicina Subaquática e Hiperbárica (CMSH) de Lisboa entre 2000 e 2005, durante um período mínimo de 5 anos, na tentativa de identificar eventuais factores de risco ou noxas clínicas com a SS.
O estudo retrospectivo proposto baseia-se na revisão de processos clínicos do CMSH e na aplicação telefónica de questionários médicos de “follow-up” confidenciais – tanto a doentes (grupo de estudo), como aos respectivos esposos/companheiros/membros próximos da família (grupo de controlo) –, com particular ênfase nos antecedentes médicos e história clínica actual.
Um estudo preliminar de 20 pessoas (10 doentes e 10 controlos) foi efectuado para antecipar dificuldades e estimar as necessidades logísticas. As dificuldades identificadas foram: 1) selecção dos doentes com números de telefone válidos e processos clínicos completos (com audiograma inicial e final); 2) contacto telefónico com os participantes de ambos os grupos (de estudo e controlo); 3) recursos humanos requeridos.
Dado que a SS não é uma doença em si, mas um sintoma de uma doença subjacente, acreditamos que este estudo epidemiológico seja importante e útil, capaz de gerar novas luzes sobre a fisiopatologia e mecanismos desta entidade clínica.-------------ABSTRACT:Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is characterized by abrupt, mostly unilateral loss of hearing, frequently associated to aural fullness, tinnitus and vertigo. It affects 5-20/100.000 people/year (particularly working adults in the 40ths), with huge impact on quality of life. Possible causes include infectious, circulatory, traumatic, immunologic, metabolic, neoplastic, neurologic, toxic and unidentified cochlear diseases. Nevertheless, SSHL’s etiology remains unknown in most cases (80%), giving rise to controversial (and frequently ineffective) treatments. Available therapies range from corticosteroids to antivirals, vasodilators, antiaggregants, anticoagulants, vitamins and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO).
Given the lack of data concerning SSHL’s etiology and physiopathology, we intend to evaluate clinical evolution of such patients treated with HBO in the Underwater and Hyperbaric Medical Center (UHMC) at Lisbon from 2000 to 2005 during a minimum period of 5 years, in an attempt to identify eventual risk factors or clinical associations to SSHL.
The intended retrospective study is based on the review of patients’ medical charts from UHMC and confidential follow-up questionnaires applied telephonically both to patients (study group) and patients’ spouse/partner/close family member (control group), focusing past and present medical history.
A preliminary study of 20 subjects (10 of each group) was performed to anticipate difficulties and to estimate the required logistics. The identified difficulties were: 1) selection of subjects with valid phone numbers and complete medical charts (with initial and final audiograms); 2) telephonic contact with subjects from the study and control group; 3) human logistics required.
As it is believed that SSHL is not a disease by itself but rather a symptom of an underlying disease, we believe that this epidemiologic study is important and will hopefully generate sound scientific knowledge concerning physiopathology and mechanism of disease of SSHL.
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Oosthuizen, Ilze. "Listening effort in children with severe-profound sensorineural unilateral hearing loss." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78542.
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Title: Listening effort in children with severe-profound sensorineural unilateral hearing loss.
Name: Ilze Oosthuizen
Supervisor: Prof. De Wet Swanepoel
Co-supervisors: Prof. Lidia Pottas & Prof. Erin M. Picou
Department: Speech-language Pathology and Audiology
Degree: D. Phil Communication Pathology (Audiology)
Unilateral hearing loss, affecting up to 3% of school-aged children, is known to put this population at risk for speech-language, academic, and behavioral difficulties. These risks can even be more pronounced for children with severe-profound sensorineural unilateral hearing loss (described hereafter as limited useable hearing unilaterally, LUHU) relative to peers with normal hearing. Children in school spend the greater part of their school day listening, often in acoustical challenging situations. This can result in increased listening effort that can negatively affect academic performance and quality of life. Therefore, this research project focused on determining listening effort in school-aged children with limited useable hearing unilaterally, as well as evaluating the effect of non-surgical intervention options on the listening effort experienced by these children. Specific outcomes of digit triplet recognition and response times were focused on throughout the research project.
Study I aimed to develop novel, low-linguistic listening effort paradigms (single- and dual-task), with digit triplets as speech stimulus, that can be used in school-aged children form multilingual backgrounds (English as native language vs English as non-native language). A total of 60 school-aged children, aged 7 to 12 years, with normal hearing participated in the first study, 30 per language group. Significant effects of noise on response times were evident during both single-task (p < .001, ηp2 = 0.58) and dual-task paradigms (p < .001, ηp2 = 0.23), with an increase in noise resulting in longer response times, reflecting increased listening effort. The data also revealed a maturation effect for digit triplet recognition during both tasks with older children presenting with improved performance of speech recognition in noise. A significant relationship between age and dual-task visual response times (r = -0.39, p < .0001) was evident, with response times decreasing with an increase in age. Language background had no significant effect on digit triplet recognition performance or response times (p > .05), demonstrating practical utility of these low-linguistic paradigms for measuring listening effort in school-aged children from multilingual backgrounds.
Consequently, Study II aimed to determine if school-aged children with LUHU experience more listening effort relative to peers with normal hearing by employing the low-linguistic single-task paradigm as well as subjective ratings. Specifically, two groups of school-aged children (aged 7-12 years) participated, 19 children with LUHU and 18 children with normal hearing bilaterally. Participants completed digit triplet recognition tasks in quiet and in noise (-12 dB signal-to-noise ratio) in three loudspeaker conditions: midline, direct, and indirect. Verbal response times during the recognition task were interpreted as behavioral listening effort. Subjective ratings of “task difficulty” and “hard to think” were interpreted as subjective listening effort. Participant age was included as a covariate in analysis of behavioral data. Results indicated that noise significantly decreased digit triplet recognition performance for both participant groups in the midline loudspeaker (p < .001, ηp2 = 0.77). Participants with LUHU had significantly poorer recognition performance relative to peers with normal hearing in the direct condition with noise (p = <.001, M difference = 14.50 rau, 95% CI: 6.46 to 22.54 rau) and the indirect condition with noise (p < .001, M difference = 79.90 rau, 95% CI: 70.79 to 89.00 rau). Furthermore, participants with LUHU had significantly increased response times compared to peers with bilateral normal hearing in the indirect loudspeaker condition with noise (p < .001, M difference = 624 ms, 95% CI: 428 to 801 ms). Results from the subjective ratings indicated that participants with LUHU rated task difficulty as significantly higher (p < .001), their recognition performance as significantly lower (p < .0001), and the hard to think rating as significantly higher (p = .004) than participants with normal hearing for the indirect condition with noise. Differences between groups were evident even when age differences were controlled for statistically.
Given the increased listening effort that children with LUHU can experience in noisy situations, it was consequently important to evaluate the effects of two intervention options, namely a remote microphone system and a contralateral routing of signal (CROS) system, on listening effort in school-aged children with LUHU in Study III. Behavioral (verbal response time measures) and subjective indices of listening effort were employed. Results indicated that relative to the unaided condition, the remote microphone system significantly improved digit triplet recognition in the midline (p < .001, M difference = 61.50 rau, 95% CI = 39.09 to 83.91 rau), direct (p = .035, M difference = 13.58 rau, 95% CI = 0.79 to 26.38 rau), and indirect (p < .001, M difference = 103.45 rau, 95% CI = 92.06 to 114.84 rau) loudspeaker conditions and significantly reduced verbal response times in the midline (p = .038, M difference = -182 ms, 95% CI = -356 to -9 ms) and indirect (p < .001, M difference = -680 ms, 95% CI = -892 to -468 ms) conditions. Compared to the unaided condition, the CROS system significantly improved digit triplet recognition (p < .001, M difference = 41.95 rau, 95% CI = 29.51 to 54.39 rau) and reduced verbal response times (p < .001, M difference = -422 ms, 95% CI = -626 to -218 ms) only in the indirect condition. Consistent with the findings of digit triplet recognition and verbal response times, analyses of the subjective ratings indicated that the remote microphone system yielded more consistent benefits in terms of ease of listening and motivation to complete the listening task for most participants.
Findings of this research project indicate that due consideration should be given to the negative effects of increased listening effort that can be experienced in acoustic challenging situations even for young, normal hearing school-aged children. Increased listening effort can ultimately be detrimental to academic performance. Extending the evaluation of listening effort to the specific population of school-aged children with LUHU, the findings provide valuable baseline data for clinicians to consider the greater listening effort that can be experienced by school-aged children with LUHU and the effect that non-surgical intervention options of personal, ear-level remote microphone systems and CROS hearing aid systems, may have to reduce the listening effort experienced by this population. Reducing listening effort by means of appropriate intervention options may increase successful participation in academic and social situations for children with LUHU. Using self-report questionnaires can be valuable to support findings of behavioral listening effort measures as well as to determine perceived benefit of intervention options for reducing listening effort in school-aged children. Combining results of multiple indices of listening effort may contribute to management and educational plans for children with LUHU.<br>Thesis (PhD (Audiology))--University of Pretoria, 2020.<br>This research project was funded by Sonova,AG.<br>Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology<br>PhD (Audiology)<br>Unrestricted
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Ballantyne, Deborah. "An algorithm for the fitting of hearing aids." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318218.
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Olsen, Henrik L. "Supra-threshold hearing loss and wide dynamic range compression /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-921-8.
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Nosrati-Zarenoe, Ramesh. "Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss : Corticosteroid Treatment, the Diagnostic Protocol and Outcome." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Oto-Rhino-Laryngologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67609.
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Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (ISSNHL) is a rapid loss of hearing caused by damage to the cochlea or auditory nerve. Spontaneous recovery has been seen in 32%–81%. The incidence of the ISSNHL has been estimated to be between 5 and 20 per 100,000 per year. Different theories (vascular catastrophes, immunologic damage, infections or intracochlear membrane break) about the etiology have resulted in different treatment policies. The effect of therapy is difficult to evaluate for a single physician who sees just a few patients annually. The aim of the present thesis was: 1) to investigate the current management and treatment of ISSNHL patients in Sweden with regard to outcome, 2) to evaluate whether, in comparison to placebo, the most common drug given in the treatment of ISSNHL in any way influences the outcome, and 3) to analyze which variables such as background data, concomitant disease, audiogram shape and laboratory tests, best can predict the outcome of ISSNHL. A national database was developed with half of all ENT clinics in Sweden participating by submitting a questionnaire for each patient with SSNHL (I-II). The questionnaire covered the patient’s background, current disorder, past and family history of different diseases, examinations, and treatment. Audiograms at the onset of SSNHL and after three months were requested. A randomized placebo controlled multicenter trial (RCT) was performed (III) using a modified version of the questionnaire used in the national database. Prednisolone in high tapering dosage, or placebo was given with a total treatment period of eight days. If recovery was complete, treatment stopped, otherwise medication was continued at 10 mg daily to a total of 30 days from beginning. After an initial pure tone audiogram, new audiograms were taken at three follow-up visits: day eight of treatment, after one month, and after three months. Meta-analysis (IV) was used in order to strengthen the analysis from the RCT by increasing the material with corresponding data drawn from the Swedish national database for ISSNHL. Results from the national database showed that out of 400 patients included in the study with ISSNHL, almost 60% were medically treated, of which nearly 90% were given corticosteroids. Hearing improvement was not statistically associated with receipt of medication. 40% of all patients had an MRI or CT, where 3–4% had acoustic neuroma. 24% of the patients with ISSNHL who had hematological tests taken, had one or more pathological findings. In the RCT, 47 patients were randomized to Prednisolone and 46 to placebo. No significant difference of hearing recovery was observed between the Prednisolone group and placebo group at either first or final follow-up regarding the effect of treatment. Presence of vertigo had significant negative effect on hearing improvement in both groups. Inflammatory signs in laboratory work-up had a positive prognostic effect, irrespective of treatment. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference between the Prednisolone group and placebo/no treatment group (p>0.05). Vertigo at the onset of hearing loss and age had a negative prognostic value equally in all groups and signs of inflammation had a positive. Conclusion: Regardless of diagnostic protocol, treatment of ISSNHL in Sweden is mainly limited to corticosteroids (50%) or to no medical treatment. In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial no positive effect of Prednisolone on ISSNHL could be demonstrated. A Meta-analysis of patient data from the Swedish national database for SSNHL and the RCT for ISSNHL demonstrated no effect of Prednisolone on ISSNHL. Is it time to change the focus of research to find new ways to treat ISSNHL?
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Millward, Kerri E. "Consequences of mild sensorineural hearing loss for listening and learning in children." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.523608.
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Giovanni, Monica A. "A Family-Based Mapping Study of Autosomal Dominant Nonsyndromic Sensorineural Hearing Loss." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1179241536.
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Smurzynski, Jacek, Krzysztof Kochanek, Adam Pilka, and Henryk Skarzynski. "Distortion-product Otoacoustic Emissions in Patients with Low-frequency Sensorineural Hearing Loss." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2194.
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Zarenoe, Reza. "Tinnitus in Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss : Management and Quality of Life." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-81413.
Full textAbstract:
Approximately 15 % of Swedish people experience tinnitus, but only 2.4 % of them experience severe problems. Treatment modalities for tinnitus are varied, but the most common treatment model is counselling. The majority of patients with tinnitus report some degree of hearing loss, and in addition, hearing aids have been used for many years in patients who suffer from both tinnitus and hearing impairment. The aim of the present thesis was to investigate the disease management and identify the quality of life in patients with tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss. Both studies described here are retrospective, descriptive studies of patients who sought care for tinnitus and hearing loss at the two ENT clinics in Östergötland County, Sweden, during 2004 - 2007 and who also received a diagnosis code. A medical record review of all patients (study I contained 1672 subjects) revealed that 714 patients were diagnosed with both tinnitus and SNHL between 2004 and 2007 and could be included in study II. The results showed that 70% of our cohort had tinnitus, but many of the patients initially did not receive a diagnosis for their tinnitus. Information about the patients’ vertigo, heredity for hearing loss and tinnitus, diabetes history, cardiovascular disease history and other factors related to their health was often missing from the medical records. Our findings showed that the Stepped Care Model, which however was only used in a minority of the cases, could be effective in patients with tinnitus and could provide a better care process for these patients. Of the cohort, 56% of the patients received a diagnosis of bilateral hearing loss. The pure tone average (PTA) of the left ear was significantly higher than that of the right ear. There were 314 patients (44%) who had hearing aids out of the total of 714, even though it is likely that hearing aids could be beneficial for these patients. We found that the overall scores for the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) were higher in female patients than male patients. All patients who participated in study II estimated their life quality and general health at a good level. This could be due to the fact that they were investigated 4.5 years after they first reported their tinnitus and that tinnitus annoyance decrease over time. Further, the outcomes of study II demonstrated that the majority of patients, who were dissatisfied with the care they obtained, had no hearing aids. This could indicate a support the use of hearing aids fitting as main treatment model in patients with both tinnitus and hearing loss. Future research is needed to investigate how hearing aid professionals could motivate patients who suffer from both tinnitus and hearing loss to use hearing aids.
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Mallick, Ali Sameer. "Stem cell therapies for sensorineural hearing loss : understanding the role of glial cells." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19788/.
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JONAS, CATHERINE EILEEN. "CHARACTERISTICS OF AUDITORY PROCESSING ABILITIES AND UNILATERAL SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS: A PILOT STUDY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1022687699.
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Dinsman, Patricia L. "Social/emotional problems among children and youth with differing degrees of sensorineural hearing loss." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/738.
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Potgieter, Jenni-Marí. "An Auditory profile of sclerosteosis." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/33363.
Full textAbstract:
Sclerosteosis is a rare genetic bone dysplasia disorder characterised by generalised
craniotubular bone modelling. Alongside many clinical appearances marked in
sclerosteosis, the auditory system is considerably compromised on several levels during
the disease progression. Extensive otolaryngological research on the history of
sclerosteosis, the clinical presentation of sclerosteosis, radiographic studies and the
gene causing the condition had been documented. No studies had been found describing
the audiological profiles, auditory functioning and abnormalities for subjects with
sclerosteosis. Thus the object of this study aimed to describe the auditory profile of
subjects with sclerosteosis.
A cross-sectional descriptive research design and quantitative research approach was
followed to investigate the auditory characteristics of subjects with sclerosteosis.
Subjects were selected from a database of patients with confirmed diagnoses of
sclerosteosis. Ten subjects responded and provided written informed consent. Test
procedures included otoscopy, tympanometry, acoustic reflexes, diagnostic pure-tone airand
bone-conduction audiometry, speech audiometry, distortion product otoacoustic
emissions (DPOAE), auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and computed tomographic
(CT) scans. The subjects were assessed with a comprehensive audiological test-battery
within a single test session lasting approximately two hours. A CT scan was conducted
on a separate occasion shortly after the audiological data were obtained.
Normal type A tympanograms were obtained in 50% (n=10/20) of ears. All subjects
presented with mixed hearing losses varying from moderate (5%; n=1), severe (55%;
n=11) and profound (40%; n=8) degrees across ears. Hearing loss configurations ranged
from rising (15%), sloping (35%) and air-conduction thresholds peaking at 2000 Hz
(50%). Air bone gaps (ABG) were larger in older subjects, although not statistically
significant (p>.05). The CT scans indicated anatomical abnormalities of the external
auditory canal, tympanic membrane, middle ear space, ossicles, oval window, round
window and the internal auditory canal. The progressive abnormal bone formation in sclerosteosis involved the middle ear, the
round and oval windows of the cochlea and internal auditory canal. The progressive
abnormal bony overgrowth, which is the hallmark of sclerosteosis, led to functional
impairment at various levels in the auditory system. The current findings provided a
comprehensive auditory profile for sclerosteosis. Results might be utilised alongside
future research findings to direct criteria and audiological indications for surgical and
audiological intervention.<br>Dissertation (MCommunication Pathology)--University of Pretoria, 2013.<br>gm2014<br>Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology<br>Unrestricted
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Strike, Brian J. "The Clinical Utility of Comprehensive Genetic Testing for Individuals with Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1212164935.
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Zarenoe, Reza. "Tinnitus in Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss : Management, Quality of Life and Treatment Strategies." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för neuro- och inflammationsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-132163.
Full textAbstract:
Approximately 15% of Swedish people experience tinnitus, but only 2.4% experience severe problems. Treatment modalities for tinnitus vary, but the most common treatment is counseling. The majority of patients with tinnitus report some degree of hearing loss, and hearing aids have been used for many years in patients who suffer from both tinnitus and hearing impairment. The aim of the present thesis was to investigate disease management, determine quality of life and identify treatment strategies for patients with tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss. The first two studies described here are retrospective, descriptive studies of patients who sought care for tinnitus and hearing loss at two Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) clinics in Östergötland County, Sweden, during the years 2004 - 2007. Study I showed that 70% of the cohort had tinnitus; however, many did not initially receive a diagnosis of tinnitus. Information about vertigo, heredity for hearing loss and tinnitus, diabetes history, cardiovascular disease history and other factors related to health was often missing from the patients’ medical records. The results could show that the overall scores using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) were higher in female patients than in male patients. Although it is likely that hearing aids would be beneficial for the majority of these patients, 314 (44%) of the 714 total patients had hearing aids. Furthermore, the outcomes from study II demonstrated that a majority of the patients (61%) who were dissatisfied with the care they had obtained had no hearing aids. This finding may indicate that the fitting of hearing aids is an important treatment for patients with both tinnitus and hearing loss. Studies III and IV were prospective studies. Data collection was based on patients who sought care for tinnitus and/or hearing loss at the ENT clinic in Linköping during 2012-2013. In study III, 92 patients were divided into two groups: one group contained individuals with both tinnitus and hearing loss, and the other group contained patients with only hearing loss. The patients were assessed using the Reading Span test, the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) and three questionnaires (the THI, the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Elderly and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index) at baseline and follow-up. The results from the age-matched subgroups (n=30+30) generated from the full clinical groups (46+46) showed significantly improved Reading Span test performance and sleep quality in patients with both tinnitus and hearing loss. Similar results were observed in our full clinical population (n=46+46). However, the interpretation of this finding is difficult due to age differences between the groups. In conclusion, hearing aid fitting had a significantly positive impact on working memory capacity and sleep quality in patients with both tinnitus and hearing loss compared with patients with only hearing loss. In study IV, a brief Motivational Interviewing (MI) guide was integrated into the hearing rehabilitation process for 23 patients with both tinnitus and hearing loss, and they were compared against a control group (n=23) of patients with both tinnitus and hearing loss who underwent traditional hearing rehabilitation. The results showed that the patients who received the brief MI guide required fewer visits to complete their hearing rehabilitation compared with the patients in the control group. In addition, there was a significant difference in THI scores between the groups, which indicated that the intervention reduced tinnitus annoyance more in the MI group. Furthermore, both groups showed higher scores at follow-up compared with baseline on the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA) scale, which indicated that both approaches showed a positive effect on hearing aid satisfaction. Study V was a retrospective, descriptive study that focused on a part of a Stepped Care model and included patients who participated in half-day tinnitus information meetings from 2004 to 2011 in the audiology clinic at Linköping University Hospital. A total of 426 tinnitus patients with complete questionnaires (the THI and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS) were included in the study. The results showed significant decreases in scores on the THI and the anxiety module of the HADS before and after the information session. However, there were no statistically significant changes in the depression module of the HADS. In conclusion, this thesis underscores the importance of hearing impairment, cognitive variables and motivational procedures in the management of tinnitus. Multidisciplinary group information needs to be further validated.
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Nosrati-Zarenoe, Ramesh. "Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Sweden : Diagnostic Protocol and Treatment in Relation to Outcome." Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Oto-Rhiono-Laryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19023.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (ISSNHL) is a rapid loss of hearing caused by damage to the cochlea (inner ear) or auditory nerve. Spontaneous recovery has been seen in 32% - 81%. The incidence of the ISSNHL has been estimated to be between 5 and 20 per 100,000 per year. Different theories (infections, vascular catastrophes, immunologic damage or intracochlear membrane break) about the etiology have resulted in different treatment policies. The effect of therapy is difficult to evaluate for a single physician who sees just a few patients annually.</p><p>The aim of the present thesis was to analyze the management and treatment of ISSNHL patients in Sweden with regard to outcome.</p><p>A national database was developed for Sweden with half of all ENT clinics in Sweden participating by submitting a questionnaire for each patient with SSNHL. The questionnaire covered the patient’s background, current disorder, past and family history of different diseases, examinations and treatment. Audiograms at the onset of SSNHL and after three months were requested.</p><p>All results were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression looking for interactions with hearing recovery and remaining hearing loss as dependent variables. Independent of treatment or no therapy heredity for hearing loss (I, II), older age (I, II) and presence of vertigo (II) was significantly associated with negative outcome. 40% of all patients had an MRI or CT, where 3 – 4% had acoustic neuroma. 24% of patients with ISSNHL who had hematological tests taken had one or more pathological findings. Blood screening varied from simple routine tests to a complete analysis with such tests as HSP70, Anti-Neutrophilic Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) and Borrelia tests. There was no association between any of these laboratory tests and either hearing improvement or remaining hearing loss evaluating the tests separately (I, II) or after categorization in comparison with those who had normal laboratory findings (II). Patients with hearing loss in the mid-frequency region had significantly better odds for hearing improvement compared to the other three frequency regions (low, high and “flat loss”). Almost 60% of patients with ISSNHL were medically treated, of which nearly 90% got corticosteroids. The medication had no association with either hearing improvement or remaining hearing loss. However, patients who were prescribed rest or sick leave had higher odds for hearing improvement regardless of other treatment. Those patients who did not receive any treatment at all also came significantly later to the ENT clinics than those treated medically and consequently had worse prognosis.</p><p><em>Conclusion:</em> There is no standard program for management or treatment of ISSNHL in Sweden. The diagnostic protocol varies. MRI is an underused resource to get specific diagnoses for the condition especially acoustic neuromas. Regardless of pathological findings, treatment is mainly limited to corticosteroids or no medication with no difference in outcome. A randomized placebo controlled study is necessary to evaluate whether there is an effect of corticosteroids on ISSNHL.</p>
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Grobbelaar, Annerina. "Linear frequency transposition and word recognition abilities of children with moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss." Diss., Pretoria : [s. n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03112010-104801.
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Lehtonen, M. (Mervi). "Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation in patients with sensorineural hearing impairment and in the Finnish population." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514268490.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing impairment (SNHI) is a well-recognized manifestation of mitochondrial diseases and occurs either in a non-syndromic form or as a part of a syndrome. Mitochondrial deafness is bilateral, usually progressive and is inherited maternally. Approximately 70% of patients with the most common syndromes, Kearns-Sayre, MELAS or MERRF, have SNHI. Several mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been found to cause non-syndromic SNHI, including 1555A>G, 7445T>C, 7472insC and 7511T>C.
In order to estimate prevalences of pathogenic mtDNA mutations in population-based cohorts of patients with SNHI, we obtained samples from 133 patients with SNHI, reportedly representing 117 separate maternal lineages. We found five patients with the 3243A>G mutation and three with the 1555A>G mutation, whereas the other point mutations associated with SNHI were absent. The frequencies of the mutations in the cohort were thus 4.3 % for 3243A>G and 2.6 % for 1555A>G, suggesting a total frequency of 6.9 % for mtDNA mutations known to be associated with hearing impairment.
We found a mutation 10044A>G, which has been reported as pathogenic, in our patients with SNHI, but we also found it among the controls. Our results show it to be a homoplasmic polymorphism associated with a fairly rare haplotype within mtDNA haplogroup H which has recently been confirmed as subcluster H4. These results highlight the difficulty in determining the pathogenicity of a mtDNA mutation when it is identified only in one family. Therefore, in addition to the previously published criteria, we suggest that a sufficient number of haplotype-specific controls should be screened before the pathogenic nature of a mtDNA mutation can be verified.
We determined the complete mtDNA sequences for 121 Finns, and after complementing our recent data, for a total of 192 Finns, and were able to construct a phylogenetic network based on complete mtDNA sequences, the largest set of complete sequences available at that time. These mtDNAs provide a rich source of information for studies in population genetics and a potential tool for analysing new substitutions and genotypes that entail a risk of mitochondrial disease.
We used the phylogenetic network to find new pathogenic mutations or risk genotypes for SNHI. The entire coding region sequences of mtDNA were determined in 32 patients with SNHI and compared with the network. The patients were found to harbour more rare polymorphisms and haplotypes than the controls and to show increased variation in their mtDNA sequences, suggesting mildly deleterious effects for these substitutions. Two of the new mutations were suggested as putatively pathogenic.
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Muller, Claudia. "Extended frequency amplification, speech recognition and functional performance in children with mild to severe sensorineural hearing loss." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30077.
Full textAbstract:
A substantial body of research points to the benefits of fitting hearing instruments that provides extended high frequency amplification. Most published research were done on adults or in controlled laboratory settings. It is therefore necessary for peadiatric audiologists to critically assess the effects that this extended high frequency amplification has on the individual child fitted with hearing instruments. A quantitative research method was selected to explore the possible correlations between extended high frequency amplification and the influence this extended high frequency amplification has on speech recognition and functional performance in children with mild to severe sensory neural hearing loss. A quasiexperimental design was selected. This design accommodated a one-group (single-system) pre-test versus post-test design. Baseline assessments were done and all participants were subjected to pre- and post-intervention assessments. Six participants were fitted with hearing instruments which provided extended high frequency amplification. A baseline assessment was done with current hearing instruments after which participants were assessed with the hearing instruments with extended high frequency amplification. Aided audiological assessments were done without the extended high frequencies after which participants were evaluated with the added high frequencies. Speech recognition testing and functional performance questionnaires were used to compare the outcomes obtained with and without the extended high frequency amplification. A t-test was used for hypothesis testing to determine if extended range amplification increased speech recognition abilities and functional performance, and if these increases were statistically significant. Results were varied where some participants performed better and some performed worse with the added extended range amplification during speech recognition testing and functional performances observed at home. These varied results were statistically insignificant. However, statistically significant evidence was obtained to indicate that extended high frequency amplification increased the functional performance observed at school. The study concluded that the paediatric audiologist should know the effect fitting hearing instruments capable of extended high frequency amplification have on speech recognition abilities and functional performances. Fitting hearing instruments with extended high frequency amplification should however be done with caution because not all children benefited from extended bandwidth amplification. This underlines the importance of following a strict evidence-based approach that incorporates objective and subjective assessment approaches. This will provide the paediatric audiologist with real world evidence of the success of the amplification strategy that is followed.<br>Dissertation (MCommunication Pathology)--University of Pretoria, 2012.<br>Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology<br>Unrestricted
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Spirakis, Susan E. "Incidence of Unilateral, High Frequency, Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Shunt Treated Hydrocephalic Children Ipsilateral to Shunt Placement." Scholar Commons, 2000. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1548.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate further the characteristics of hearing loss in ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunted hydrocephalus. Twelve (VP) shunt treated hydrocephalus children participated in this study. The etiology of the hydrocephalus was either intraventricular hemorrhage or spina bifida. A recent neurological examination reported the shunt to be patent in each child. Audiometric examination included pure tone air conduction thresholds, tympanometry, contralateral and ipsilateral acoustic reflex thresholds and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEʹs). A unilateral, high frequency, sensorineural hearing loss was found in the ear ipsilateral to shunt placement in 10 (83%) of the 12 shunt treated hydrocephalic children. No hearing loss was observed the ear contralateral to shunt placement. Based on the pure tone findings coupled with the decrease in DPOAE amplitude in the shunt ear, the hearing loss appears to be cochlear in nature. It is hypothesized that the cochlear hydrodynamics are disrupted as the result of fluid pressure reduction within the perilymph being transmitted via a patent cochlear aqueduct as a reaction to the reduction of CSF via a patent shunt. In addition, a concomitant brainstem involvement is evidenced in the ART pattern possibly produced by the paten shunt draining CSF from the subdural space resulting in cranial base hypoplasia.
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Mondelli, Maria Fernanda Capoani Garcia. "Desempenho de crianças com perda auditiva leve no teste da habilidade de atenção auditiva sustentada - THAAS." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61131/tde-12112007-145751/.
Full textAbstract:
Objetivo: Verificar o desempenho de crianças diagnosticadas com deficiência auditiva, de grau leve, condutiva e sensorioneural, no Teste da Habilidade de Atenção Auditiva Sustentada (THAAS) visando constatar se este teste sofre influência da presença de uma deficiência auditiva. Modelo: Estudo do Teste da Habilidade de Atenção Auditiva Sustentada-THAAS em três grupos: grupo 1 (G1) grupo controle, formado por crianças com audição normal; grupo 2 (G2) crianças com deficiência auditiva sensorioneural bilateral de grau leve e grupo 3 (G3) composto por crianças com perda auditiva condutiva bilateral de grau leve. Local: Divisão de Saúde Auditiva ? Hospital de Reabilitação de Aanomalias Craniofaciais ?Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC/USP). Participantes: 90 crianças com idade entre 7 e 11 anos de idade, sendo 30 de cada grupo. Intervenções: Audiometria Tonal Limiar, Imitanciometria e THAAS Resultados: não houve indícios estatisticamente significativos entre sexo e idade, em todos os grupos estudados. Os grupos sensorioneural e condutivo apresentaram desempenho inferior ao grupo controle, em todas as respostas do THAAS. Conclusões: o teste THAAS sofreu influência das perdas auditivas de grau leve, condutivas e sensorioneurais na população estudada, sendo o pior comprometimento para perdas sensorioneurais.<br>Objective: To verify the performance of children diagnosed with a hearing loss of mild degree, conductive and sensorineural, at Sustained Auditory Attention Ability Test (SAAAT), aiming to observe if this test suffers the influence of the presence of a hearing loss. Model: A study of the Sustained Auditory Attention Ability Test ? SAAAT in three groups: group 1 (G1) control group comprising children with normal hearing, group 2 (G2) children with a bilateral sensorineural hearing loss of a mild degree and group 3 (G3), comprising children with a bilateral conductive hearing loss of a mild degree. Place: Division for Hearing Health ? Craniofacial Anomaly Rehabilitation Hospita, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP). Participants: 7 to 11 year old children, 30 for each group. Interventions: Pure Tone Audiometry, Immitance Acoustic and SAAAT. Results: There were not any statistically significant indications between sex and age in all studied groups. Sensorineural and conductive groups showed a lower performance related to control group in all answers for SAAAT. Conclusions: SAAAT test suffered the influence of conductive and sensorineural hearing losses of light degree in studied population, the worse compromise occurring for sensorineural losses.
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Басанець, А. В., та А. В. Гвоздецький. "Клініко-аудіологічна характеристика слухового аналізатора у робітників вугільної промисловості з професійною сенсоневральною приглухуватістю". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/41915.
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Saremi, Amin G. "Effects of Specific Cochlear Pathologies on the Auditory Functions : Modelling, Simulations and Clinical Implications." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för neurovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-105810.
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A hearing impairment is primarily diagnosed by measuring the hearing thresholds at a range of auditory frequencies (air-conduction audiometry). Although this clinical procedure is simple, affordable, reliable and fast, it does not offer differential information about origins of the hearing impairment. The main goal of this thesis is to quantitatively link specific cochlear pathologies to certain changes in the spectral and temporal characteristics of the auditory system. This can help better understand the underlying mechanisms associated with sensorineural hearing impairments, beyond what is shown in the audiogram. Here, an electromechanical signal-transmission model is devised in MATLAB where the parameters of the model convey biological interpretations of mammalian cochlear structures. The model is exploited to simulate the cell-level cochlear pathologies associated with two common types of sensorineural hearing impairments, 1: presbyacusis (age-related hearing impairment) and, 2: noise-induced hearing impairment. Furthermore, a clinical study, consisting of different psychoacoustic and physiological tests, was performed to trace and validate the model predictions in human. The results of the clinical tests were collated and compared with the model predictions, showing a reasonable agreement. In summary, the present model provides a biophysical foundation for simulating the effect of specific cellular lesions, due to different inner-ear diseases and external insults, on the entire cochlear mechanism and thereby on the whole auditory system. This is a multidisciplinary work in the sense that it connects the ‘biological processes’ with ‘acoustic modelling’ and ‘clinical audiology’ in a translational context.
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Kritzinger, Mieke. "Cortical Auditory Evoked Potential (CAEP) and the chirp Auditory Steady State Response (ASSR) in predicting behavioural hearing thresholds in adults with sensorineural hearing loss." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73231.
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Abstract
Purpose: To compare the frequency specific Cortical Auditory Evoked Potential
(CAEP) and the chirp-evoked 40 Hz Auditory Steady State Response (ASSR) with
equivalent residual noise levels for behavioural threshold prediction in adults with normal hearing and with SNHL.
Method: The study tested 23 adults with normal hearing and 20 adults with SNHL. The participants were aged between 18–65 years. A repeated measures within-
participant descriptive design was used to collect the quantitative data. The participants underwent behavioural pure tone, CAEP and ASSR testing on the same day.
Results: Similar CAEP difference scores across frequencies for the participants with normal hearing (mean=12.32-14.40 dB) and with SNHL (mean=10.00-16.47 dB) were measured. However, for the ASSR difference scores across frequencies slightly smaller difference scores were measured for the participants with SNHL
(mean=10.17-17.30 dB) than for the participants with normal hearing (mean=11.74- 17.14 dB). CAEP thresholds were significantly closer to the behavioural pure tone thresholds at 500 (p=0.028; mean absolute difference 14.40 dB) and 2000 (p=0.016; mean absolute difference 12.56 dB) Hz for participants with normal hearing. In participants with sensorineural hearing loss, CAEP and ASSR thresholds were measured at similar sensation levels and were not statistically different (p>0.05).
Conclusion: For the purpose of threshold estimation, representing the auditory
function to the level of the auditory cortex the CAEP was closer to the behavioural
hearing thresholds than the 40 Hz ASSR at all frequencies except at 4000 Hz, regardless of the hearing sensitivity.
Keywords: Auditory steady state response (ASSR), Cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP), Auditory evoked potential (AEP), Residual noise, Signal to noise ratio (SNR), objective threshold estimation, awake adults.<br>Dissertation (MA (Audiology))--University of Pretoria, 2019.<br>Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology<br>MA Audiology<br>Unrestricted
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Szeto, Mei-Wa Tam. "Effects of age and hearing loss on perception of dynamic speech cues." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002732.
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Bacsfalvi, Penelope Cindy Emese. "Visual feedback technology with a focus on ultrasound : the effects of speech habilitation for adolescents with sensorineural hearing loss." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31208.
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Developments in instrumentation offer new possibilities in habilitation for speech-language pathology. The series of studies in this manuscript-style thesis represents an investigation of two articulatory feedback instruments, ultrasound and electropalatography, in speech habilitation for adolescents with hearing loss and related speech impairments. The first study in the dissertation investigated the outcomes for vowel intervention for three adolescents with hearing impairment. Acoustic analysis and expert transcription with perceptual anchors showed positive outcomes for all participants (Bacsfalvi et al., 2007).The next study focused on three adolescent cochlear implant users with long-term speech errors secondary to deafness. All students were successful in learning the articulatory gestures components of the target phoneme /[upside-down r]/, and one made significant progress in using the new phones in words. An additional finding of the first two papers concerned the tongue shapes and tongue-palate contacts of the speakers. Their tongue movements pre-treatment were similar to those of very young children (Green et al., 2000; Oh, 2005), who also show little or no differentiation of the parts of the tongue, lip and jaw during speech production. Post-therapy, these speakers showed a greater range of tongue movement, more similar to hearing speakers. Two longer-term outcomes studies followed. The first study examined the speech of the seven former participants 2-4 years post intervention. Perceptual judgements by expert listeners suggested that six out of seven speakers either maintained or continued to improve their level of immediate post-treatment performance. A qualitative study based on interview revealed the experiences of therapy with visual feedback technology for five of the clinical investigation participants and five related stakeholders. Key themes that emerged were: "better speech", "improvement", "visual feedback is helpful", "remembering what was learned", and "new information". The series of studies contribute to speech development research in speakers with severe hearing loss in addition to investigating advances in habilitation methods. The results show that ultrasound and electropalatography, as adjuncts to speech therapy, can increase speaker intelligibility, self-confidence and oral communication and have the potential to reduce treatment time and increase cost-effectiveness of treatment. Further large-scale investigation is warranted, for speakers with and without hearing impairment.<br>Medicine, Faculty of<br>Audiology and Speech Sciences, School of<br>Graduate
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Hällgren, Mathias. "Hearing and cognition in speech comprehension : methods and applications /." Linköping : Univ, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5039.
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Linares, Ana Emília. "Correlação do potencial evocado auditivo de estado estável com outros achados em audiologia pediátrica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-25022010-142312/.
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Introdução: A principal questão que envolve o diagnóstico audiológico infantil é a determinação de procedimentos que configurem resultados confiáveis e objetivos, que possam ser utilizados na predição dos limiares auditivos por freqüência específica. Objetivo: Correlacionar os achados do potencial evocado auditivo de estado estável (PEAEE) com outros exames em crianças com perda auditiva neurossensorial. Método: Vinte e três crianças de ambos os gêneros e com idades entre 1 e 7 anos realizaram PEAEE, audiometria, potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico (PEATE) click e tone burst e medida do reflexo acústico para aplicação da regra de predição do limiar auditivo a partir do reflexo acústico. Resultados: A correlação entre o PEAEE e audiometria variou de 0.70 a 0.93, para o PEATE click (2k e 4kHz) variou de 0.83 a 0.89, para o tone burst variou de 0.73 a 0.93. A concordância entre o PEAEE e a regra de predição do limiar auditivo foi considerada moderada. Conclusão: Houve correlação significativa entre o PEAEE e audiometria, assim como para o PEATE click (2k e 4kHz) e para o PEATE tone Burst. O reflexo acústico pode ser usado para acrescentar informações ao diagnóstico infantil<br>Introduction: The mainly question regarding pediatric audiolological diagnosis is determining procedures to configure reliable results and objectives, which can be use to predict hearing thresholds by frequencyspecifics. Objective: The purpose of this study was to study the correlation between auditory steady-state response (ASSR) with other exams in children with sensorineural hearing loss. Methods: Twenty-three children (age 1 to 7; mean, 3 yr) were submitted to ASSR, behavioral audiometry, click audiometry brain stem response (ABR), tone burst ABR, and predicting hearing level from the acoustic reflex. Results: the correlation between behavioral thresholds and ASSR was (0.70- 0.93), for the ABR tone burst it was (0.73 -0.93), for the ABR click it was (0.83-0.89) only at 2k and 4kHz. The conformity between the hearing loss degree the ASSR and acoustical reflex was moderate. Conclusion: There was significant correlation between ASSR, behavioral audiometry, click ABR only for 2k and 4kHz, tone burst ABR. The acoustic reflex can be use to add accuracy in the infant diagnosis
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Olive, Darlene W. "Association Between Smoking, Chemical Exposure and Hearing Loss in an Occupational Setting." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1920.
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Carvalho, Marcelo Alexandre. "Estudo funcional das vias auditivas perifÃricas e centrais em pacientes com acromegalia." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9341.
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Acromegalia à uma doenÃa endÃcrina rara. Poucos estudos avaliaram sua associaÃÃo com deficiÃncia auditiva (DA) ou distÃrbios de conduÃÃo do impulso neural auditivo.Osresultados sÃo conflitantes. O objetivo à avaliar a transmissÃo auditiva central e perifÃrica em pacientes com acromegalia. AlÃm disso, avaliar a prevalÃncia e caracterÃsticas da DA em pacientes com acromegalia. Foi feito um estudo transversal com 36 pacientes com acromegalia de um ambulatÃrio especializado em Fortaleza-CearÃ. Foram excluÃdos pacientes com otoscopia anormal ou com histÃria familiar de deficiÃncia auditiva, uso de ototÃxicos ou exposiÃÃo a ruÃdo ocupacional. Inicialmente, o grupo foi avaliado por meio de audiometria tonal limiar. Considerou-se deficiÃncia auditiva (DA) quando a mÃdia dos tons puros foi > 25DbNA para baixas freqÃÃncias (250, 500, 1000 e 2000 Hz) ou altas freqÃÃncias (3000, 4000, 6000 e 8000 Hz).O grupo foi dividido em: acromegalia com DA (Acro DA) e sem DA (Acro NDA) e comparados quanto aos nÃveis hormonais e parÃmetros metabÃlicos. Posteriormente, este grupo de pacientes com acromegalia foi dividido em 2 subgrupos: com (n=16) e sem (n=20) diabetes ou intolerÃncia à glicose de jejum (DM/IGJ). Os resultados foram comparados entre os subgrupos e grupo controle (n=20) quantos aos parÃmetros dos potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefÃlico (PEATE). Para avaliar a normalidade da distribuiÃÃo foi utilizado o teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov quando necessÃrio. Utilizou-se os testes qui-quadrado, t de Student e coeficiente de correlaÃÃo de Pearson. O nÃvel de significÃncia estatÃstica escolhido foi p<0.05 (statistical package for social sciences-SPSS 12.0). Dos 36 pacientes estudados, 14 (38,9%) mostraram DA sensorioneural (Acro DA), sendo em 9 casos bilateral e 5 unilateral. Nenhum apresentou DA mista ou condutiva. A prevalÃncia de DM/IGJ foi similar entre os grupos. As frequÃncias de 250, 3000, 4000, 6000 e 8000 Hz foram as mais afetadas e com padrÃo similar em ambos os lados.O grupo com acromegalia apresentou latÃncia da onda I em orelha direita aumentada em comparaÃÃo ao grupo controle (p=0,007), sem diferenÃa quanto aos intervalos interpicos em nenhum dos lados. Esse padrÃo foi o mesmo quando se comparou o subgrupo com DM/IGJ com o controle.TambÃm houve aumento da latÃncia da onda I na orelha direita em relaÃÃo à orelha esquerda no grupo com acromegalia. Em conclusÃo, mostrou-se uma elevada prevalÃncia de DA sensorioneural em pacientes com acromegalia.No entanto, nÃo se observou relaÃÃo dessa deficiÃncia com caracterÃsticas clÃnicas e metabÃlicas da doenÃa.Pacientes com acromegalia associada DM/IGJ mostraram um retardo no impulso neural no nervo auditivo unilateralmente à direita, evidenciando um efeito neuropÃtico nÃo homogÃneo dos distÃrbios do metabolismo dos carboidratos sobre o nervo auditivo.<br>Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disease. Few studies have evaluated its association with hearing loss (HL) or disturbance in conduction of the auditory neural impulse. The results are conflicting. The aim is to evaluate central and peripheral auditory transmission in acromegalic patients. Besides, to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of HL in patients with acromegaly. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 36 patients with acromegaly in a specialized ambulatory in Fortaleza-CearÃ. Patients with abnormal otoscopy, family history of hearing loss, use of ototoxic drugs or occupational noise exposure were excluded. Initially, the group was evaluated by pure tone audiometry. HL was considered when pure tone average was > 25 DBHL for low frequencies (250, 500, 1000 e 2000 Hz) or high frequencies (3000, 4000, 6000 e 8000 Hz). The whole group was divided in: acromegaly with HL (Acro HL) and without HL (AcroNHL) and compared in regards to hormonal levels and metabolic parameters. Additionally that group of patients with acromegaly was divided into 2 subgroups: with (n=16) and without (n=20) diabetes mellitus/impaired glucose tolerance (DM/IGT). The results were compared among these subgroups and a control group (n=20) regarding the brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) parameters.Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate the normality of distribution when necessary. Qui-quadrado, Student t test and Pearson correlation coefficient were carried out. The level of statistical significance chosen was at p<0.05 (statistical package for social sciences-SPSS 12.0). Among 36 patients evaluated, 14 (38,9%) showed sensorioneural HL (Acro HL), being 9 bilateral and 5 unilateral cases. No one had mixed or conductive HL. The prevalence of diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance was similar between the groups. The frequencies 250, 3000, 4000, 6000 and 8000 Hz were the most affected and with a similar pattern in both ears. The group with acromegaly showed a prolonged peak I latency in the right ear in comparison to the control group (p=0,007), with no difference regarding the interpeak intervals in any sides. This pattern was the same when comparing the DM/IGT subgroup to controls. Also, we found a prolonged peak I latency in the right ear in relation to the left ear in the group with acromegaly.In conclusion, a high prevalence of sensorineural HL was shown in patients with acromegaly. Nevertheless, no correlation was observed between this dysfunction and clinical or metabolic characteristics of the disease. Patients with acromegaly associated with DM/IGT showed a delayed neural impulse in the auditory nerve unilaterally in the right side, evidencing a non-homogenous neuropathic effect of the carbohydrate metabolism disturbances on the auditory nerve.
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Van, Dyk Zandri. "Diagnostic accuracy of CE Chirp." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/72463.
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The auditory brainstem response is an evoked potential that can be clinically used to estimate hearing sensitivity and to identify auditory nervous system pathology. Recently, there has been an increase in the implementation of the CE-Chirp stimulus in AABR equipment for neonatal hearing screening. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the LS CE-Chirp-evoked ABR compared to the traditionally used click-evoked ABR for the identification of different degrees and configurations of sensorineural (SNHL) hearing loss.
An exploratory within-subject comparative research design was used. 49 ears with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss were assessed. Participants were assessed in a single session. Audiometric pure tone thresholds were obtained at 125-8000 Hz and ABR thresholds were measured using the click and LS CE-Chirp stimuli respectively. Click- and LS CE-Chirp-evoked thresholds were compared with each other and with behavioural pure tone average (PTA), high frequency average (HFA) and low frequency average (LFA). Diagnostic accuracy of the two ABR stimuli was also compared by using ROC curves.
Differences between click- and LS CE Chirp-evoked ABR, and behavioural thresholds were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The strongest significant correlation for ABR using clicks to behavioural thresholds was found at 2000 and 4000 Hz, whereas, the strongest correlation for LS CE-Chirp ABRs to behavioural thresholds was found at 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz (r>0.7, p<0.001). A very strong, positive correlation was found between both click (r=0.805) and LS CE-Chirp (r=0.825) and the behavioural PTA (p<0.001). The mean differences for LS CE-Chirp were smaller than those of the click for PTA and low frequency range. ROC curves indicated better AUC values for the LS CE-Chirp at LFA and HFA compared to the click, also showing a narrower confidence interval and less variance than the click.
The predictive accuracy of the LS CE-Chirp-evoked ABR was slightly better than that of the click with reference to PTA, HFA and LFA thresholds; furthermore, it is less variable and more accurate than the click-evoked ABR with reference to HFA. Thus, the LS CE-Chirp is an accurate stimulus for estimation of hearing sensitivity using ABR when compared to the gold standard click stimulus for the purpose of identification of different configurations of SNHL.<br>Dissertation (MA Audiology) University of Pretoria, 2019.<br>Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology<br>MA (Audiology)<br>Unrestricted
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Hällgren, Mathias. "Hearing and cognition in speech comprehension. Methods and applications." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Teknisk audiologi, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5039.
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Central auditory processing is complex and can not be evaluated by a single method. This thesis focuses on assessment of some aspects of central auditory functions by the use of dichotic speech tests and cognitive tests that tax functions important for speech processing. Paper A deals with the cognitive effects in dichotic speech testing in elderly hearing-impaired subjects. It was found that different listening tasks in the dichotic tests put different demands on cognitive ability, shown by a varying degree of correlation between cognitive functions and dichotic test parameters. Age-related cognitive decline was strongly connected with problems to perceive stimuli presented to the left ear. Paper B presents a new cognitive test battery sensitive for functions important for speech processing and understanding, performed in text, auditory and audiovisual modalities. The test battery was evaluated in four groups, differing in age and hearing status, and has proven to be useful in assessing the relative contribution of different input-modalities and the effect of age, hearingimpairment and visual contribution on functions important for speech processing. In Paper C the test battery developed in Paper B was used to study listening situations with different kinds of background noise. Interfering noise at +10 dB signal-to-noise ratio has significant negative effects on performance in speech processing tasks and on the effort perceived. Hearing-impaired subjects showed poorer results in noise with temporal variations, and elderly subjects were more distracted by noise with temporal variations, especially by noise with meaningful content. In noise, all subjects, particularly those with impaired hearing, were more dependent upon visual cues than in the quiet condition. Hearing aid benefit in speech processing with and without background noise was studied in Paper D. The test battery developed in Paper B was used together with a standard measure of speech recognition. With hearing aids, speech recognition was improved in the background condition without noise and in the background condition of ordinary speech. Significantly less effort was perceived in the cognitive tests when hearing aids were used, although only minor benefits of hearing aid amplification were seen. This underlines the importance of considering perceived effort as a dimension when evaluating hearing aid benefit, in further research as well as in clinical practice. The results from the studies contribute to the knowledge about speech processing but also to the search for more specific evaluation of speech understanding, incorporating both sensory and cognitive factors.<br>The ISBN 91-85297-49-6 in the printed verison is incorrect. The correct ISBN is 91-85297-93-3.
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Tan, Lirong. "Identification of Disease Biomarkers from Brain fMRI Data using Machine Learning Techniques: Applications in Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1447689755.
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Cahill, Lisa D. "Cortical responses to speech stimuli in hearing impaired infants measured by fMRI and auditory evoked potentials." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1273174165.
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Halliday, Lorna F. "Are auditory processing deficits linked to literacy problems : a comparison of specific reading disability and mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427616.
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Kenworthy, Maura Koenig. "An Examination of the Relationship Between the U-Titer II and Hearing Aid Benefit." Scholar Commons, 2002. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1522.
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The aim of this study was to measure the effects of audiologic intervention on self-perceived quality of life in the elderly hearing-impaired population. The tested hypothesis was that hearing aid use would result in improved quality of life as measured by utilities. In this study, utilities were obtained using the U-Titer II, an interactive software program designed to measure an individual's health state preference or utility. This study also examined the issue of numeracy, which is described as an understanding of basic probability, and its effect with an individual's ability to accurately complete utilities.
Data from 54 individuals fit with hearing aids in this randomized, controlled, pre-test/post-test experimental design study were analyzed. The participants completed the U-Titer II, a test of numeracy and the International Outcome Inventory for hearing Aids (IOI-HA). Three utility approaches were used in this study: Time Trade-Off (TTO), Standard Gamble (SG) and Rating Scale (RS). With each of the utility approaches, disease-specific (e.g., deafness vs. perfect hearing) and generic (death vs. perfect health) anchors were incorporated. Several research questions were posed to examine the sensitivity of utilities to hearing aid intervention.
Question 1: Can the effects of hearing aid intervention be determined with a utility approach? Statistically significant differences between pre- and post-intervention utility scores were measured with disease-specific and generic anchors for only the TTO and RS approaches. These findings suggest that hearing aid intervention outcomes can be measured using either the TTO or RS utility approaches.
Question 2: Is numeracy ability a factor in the usefulness of a utility approach for assessing the effects of hearing aid intervention? Statistical analysis showed that mean utility scores changed very little as a function of numeracy ability. These findings suggest that numeracy ability does not appear to affect utility scores.
Question 3: What, if any, are the relationships between hearing aid benefit as measured by a utility approach and hearing aid benefit as measured by the IOI-HA? Spearman Rho correlations were conducted on the benefit data obtained from the two self-report measures (IOI-HA and utilities). The major findings from these analyses determined that the IOI-HA total scores were significantly correlated with utility outcomes as measured by TTO generic, TTO disease-specific, and RS disease-specific anchors. In general, correlations between the measures were higher with the disease-specific anchors than the generic anchors. Also, none of the correlations between any IOI-HA outcome domains and utility change scores with generic anchors obtained with the RS scale were significant. For utilities measured with disease-specific anchors, significant correlations were found with two IOI-HA outcome domains (benefit and satisfaction) and utility change scores as measured by the TTO technique. When the RS technique was utilized, significant correlations were found for four of the seven outcome domains (benefit, satisfaction, participation and impact of others). Thus, if the IOI-HA is used as a measure against which to validate the utility approach as a measure of hearing aid outcomes, the measure with the most face validity is a RS method with disease-specific anchors. However, if one wished to compare hearing aid intervention to intervention in other areas of health care, these data support the use of a TTO approach.
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Geldenhuys, Wilhelmien. "The relationship between motor proficiency, bilateral vestibular hypofunction and dynamic visual acuity in children with congenital or early acquired sensorineural hearing loss." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10505.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-115).<br>The functional integrity of the vestibular system in children is not often tested. Due to the close relationship between the cochlea and the peripheral vestibular system, the function of the vestibular system may be impaired in children with sensorineural hearing loss.The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of impairments of motor performance, vestibular function and dynamic visual acuity, and the nature and extent of interaction between these in children between the ages of four and fourteen years with congenital and early acquired sensorineural hearing loss. Motor performance was evaluated by means of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, dynamic visual acuity was determined by means of the Dynamic Visual Acuity Test, and vestibular function with the Southern California Postrotary Nystagmus Test.