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Aldén, Sandra, Hanna Lindström, and Caroline Måsberg. "Kritik mot etik? : En kvalitativ studie om etiska dilemman inom sinnesmarknadsföring utifrån ett konsumentperspektiv." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54114.
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Sinnesmarknadsföring är ett högaktuellt begrepp inom marknadsföringssammanhang som syftar till att använda sensoriska stimulanser för att tillfredsställa konsumenter genom en differentierad och personlig upplevelse av varumärket. Att investera i strategier för de samtliga fem sinnena, ljud, doft, syn, känsel och smak, kan medvetet som omedvetet leda konsumenter till köp. Sensoriska stimulanser kan därmed stödja dolda försäljningsmetoder och styra konsumenter mot impulsköp istället för att uppfylla deras behov. Detta lade grunden för ett ifrågasättande av etiska dilemman som kan uppstå vid applicerandet av sinnesmarknadsföring i butiks- och servicelandskap. Med anledning av att det saknas ett konsumentperspektiv gällande sinnesmarknadsföring och etik, är studiens syfte att beskriva och analysera etiska dilemman inom sinnesmarknadsföring utifrån ett konsumentperspektiv. Forskningsfrågan lyder: vad utgör oetiskt agerande inom sinnesmarknadsföring ur ett konsumentperspektiv? För att få svar på denna fråga har en kvalitativ forskningsmetod med tre genomförda fokusgrupper som insamlingsmetodik tillämpats. Resultatet visar på att majoriteten respondenter har svårt att konkretisera specifika situationer där etik och moral bryts. Ett fåtal företeelser som ses som oetiska har dock kunnat urskiljas ur diskussionerna. Konsumenter tar avstånd från sinnesmarknadsföring som används för att förvränga eller försköna produkter samt när det används på produkter som kan ha en negativ påverkan på deras välbefinnande. Det finns tillfällen där sinnesmarknadsföring går över gränsen och blir oetiskt, men att sätta en universell gräns för vad som är acceptabelt är inte möjligt på grund av att människor är olika. Vad som anses vara godtagbart och inte beror på våra tidigare erfarenheter och perception.
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Garberg, Max, and Smeds Christopher. "Sensoriska attribut i biodynamiskt vin : En preferensstudie med dialogseminarium som metod." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-62330.
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Irizarry, Yoeldi B. "Sensorium: The Sum of Perception." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/88514.
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We live in a world full of stimuli. We can see, smell, feel, taste and hear because stimuli surrounds us. However, when we are conceived in the womb of our mothers we are formed with no senses. During that time we are totally isolated from our environment. Interestingly enough senses start to develop only after 8 weeks of fetal development, being touch the first one to mature. Smell, taste, hearing and sight appear later on. Humans connect to their surroundings through senses, and as these senses start developing in our bodies our brain starts applying them to perceive our environment.
Through our senses we are able to interact with our environment and we are able to learn, pass on knowledge, and form, create and treasure memories. It is because of our senses that we can enjoy the beautiful colors of autumn, the balmy breeze of late summer days, or the avian symphony of spring. Each sense is like a link through which we connect our inner self with the outside world and allows us to uniquely experience each setting. However, when one or more of the senses is missing, those links are broken and the outside world is perceived very differently from individual to individual. Experiencing the built environment is no different. Since buildings are usually designed with a fully sensory individual in mind sensory-impaired populations typically find it difficult to navigate or make use of the spaces the building offers.
The following pages of this thesis demonstrate the universal access system as a tool for those who lack one or more of the senses in order for them to fully enjoy and use the spaces in the same way any fully sensorial person can. Another important aspect which is explored architectonically is the aspect of social inequalities, which many handicapped individuals face on regular basis as users of a building.MARCH
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Bergqvist, Eric, and Elina Sargezi. "Ambience : Is Ambience in Swedish Clothing Retail Stores a Missed Opportunity?" Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, EMM (Entreprenörskap, Marknadsföring, Management), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15274.
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Background: Nowadays, customers tend to take product quality and positive brand image for granted, which makes the formation of a new marketing strategy even more vital. In an age characterized by information overload and lack of time, factors such as emotional, cognitive or symbolic values become increasingly valuable in marketing. In contrast to American retail clothing stores such as Abercrombie & Fitch, who to a large extent use ambience as a strategic approach, the authors have not experienced as strong ambience strategies among Swedish retail stores. Therefore, the authors want to investigate if Swedish retailers make use of ambience as a strategic marketing approach and how the ambience is perceived by the consumers. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explore if and how ambience (lighting, fragrance and music) is used as a strategic marketing approach by retailers in Sweden and how the ambience is perceived by the consumers. In addition the authors will examine if the consumers’ perception of the current ambience is reflected in their in-store behaviour (willingness to browse and willingness to buy). Method: In order to fulfil the purpose, a mixed method of explanatory and descriptive design was chosen, by collecting quantitative data in the form of a survey and qualitative data through interviews. The questionnaire consisted of 91 respondents from JC, Carlings and Dressmann. Interviews with store-managers from JC, Carlings and Dressmann were also conducted in order to reflect if and how the current ambience is used as a marketing approach. Conclusion: Swedish retail stores use the ambience merely as a means for creating a pleasant store environment. The perceived atmosphere varies for different customers. The three ambient factors, lighting, music and fragrance, differed in level of importance for the three chosen stores. One conclusion drawn from this is that the age-group plays an important role in how the ambience is perceived. The results show that there is a positive relationship between the consumers’ perception of the ambience, their feelings and in-store behaviour; within all three stores. This indicates that if the positive feelings increase in intensity, so will the consumers’ willingness to browse and their willingness to buy from the store. As a conclusion, Swedish retails should consciously use ambience as a strategic marketing approach to intentionally affect the consumers’ willingness to browse and buy.Bakgrund: Nuförtiden, tenderar kunder att ta produktkvalitet samt en positiv butiks image för givet, vilket gör att en ny typ av marknadsföringsstrategi blir alltmer betydelsefull. I en tid som kännetecknas av alltför stort informationsflöde och brist på tid, har faktorer som emotionella, kognitiva eller symboliska värden blivit alltmer värdefulla inom marknadsföring. I motsats till amerikanska detaljhandeln för klädesbutiker, såsom Abercrombie & Fitch, som i stor utsträckning använder sig av atmosfären som ett strategiskt marknadsföringsverktyg; uppfattar författarna inte att användandet av atmosfären som marknadsföringsstrategi är lika starkt bland svenska butiker. Författarna vill därför undersöka om svenska återförsäljare använder sig av atmosfär som ett strategiskt marknadsföringsverktyg, samt hur atmosfären uppfattas av konsumenterna. Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om och hur atmosfären (ljus, doft och musik) används som ett strategiskt marknadsföringsverktyg inom svenska klädesbutiker samt hur stämningen uppfattas av konsumenterna. Därutöver kommer författarna att undersöka om konsumenternas uppfattning om den rådande atmosfären återspeglas i deras butiksbeteende (villighet att gå runt i butiken samt villighet att köpa). Metod: För att uppfylla syftet, valdes en blandad metod med en förklarande och beskrivande design, genom att samla in kvantitativ data i form av en enkät och kvalitativ data från intervjuer. Enkätundersökningen bestod av 91 svarande från JC, Carlings och Dressmann. Intervjuer med butikschefer från JC, Carlings och Dressmann har också genomförts för att undersöka om och hur atmosfären används som ett marknadsföringsverktyg. Sammanfattning: Svenska butiker använder atmosfär enbart som ett medel för att skapa en trivsam butiksmiljö. Den upplevda atmosfären varierar för olika kunder. De tre omgivande faktorerna, belysning, musik och doft, skilde sig åt i nivå av betydelse för de tre utvalda butikerna. En slutsats av detta är att åldern på kunderna spelar en viktig roll för hur stämningen uppfattas. Resultaten visar att det finns ett positivt samband mellan konsumenternas uppfattning av atmosfären, deras känslor och beteende i butiken, inom alla tre butiker. Detta indikerar att om positiva känslor ökar i intensitet, kommer även konsumenternas vilja att vistas och köpa från butiken att öka. Som en slutsats, bör svenska återförsäljare för klädesbutiker medvetet använda atmosfären som ett strategiskt marknadsföringsverktyg, för att avsiktligt påverka konsumenternas vilja att vistas i samt köpa från butiken.
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LEITE, CLAUDIA PEREIRA. "NOT VISUAL SENSORIAL AESTHETIC: PERCEPTION OF THE TACTILE BEAUTY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4125@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOA proposta deste estudo exploratório é mostrar alguns aspectos estéticos da percepção háptica através de pesquisa teórica e prática. O trabalho questiona a interpretação da tradicional acepção estética ocidental que restringe aos olhos e ouvidos a capacidade de nos colocar em contato com o belo. A pesquisa prática consiste na experimentação com objetos de arte e de design em ambiente escuro buscando avaliar a possibilidade de fruição do belo háptico por pessoas cegas e não cegas. A experimentação realizou-se dentro de uma estrutura denominada domos geodésico construída com tecnologia desenvolvida pelo Laboratório de Investigação em Living Design (LILD) da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-RJ). A conclusão fundamentase no conceito de belo como sentimento estético sendo, portanto, um saber que se manifesta na liberdade do plano espiritual podendo, assim, ser denominado como conhecimento. A ascendência do sujeito ao campo estético do Outro se coloca, no trabalho, como principal caminho para a constituição dos princípios imaginativos, não só do Belo, mas também do Bem e da Verdade que integram a consciência do ser, ou seja, sua própria existência.
The proposal of this study is to show some aesthetic aspects of the tactile perception through theoretical and practical research. This work questions the interpretation of the traditional-occidental aesthetic sense which restricts to eyes and ears the capacity of placing us in contact with beauty. The practical research consists of the experimentation with art and design objects, in a dark environment searching to evaluate the possibility of enjoyment of the tactile beauty for blind and seeing people. The experimentation was concluded inside a structure called Geodesic Domes, constructed with technology developed by the Laboratory of Inquiry in Living Design (LILD) of the Pontifical University Catholic of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-RJ). The conclusion is based on the concept of beauty as aesthetic feeling, a knowledge that manifests itself in the freedom of the spiritual level, thus, considered as knowledge. The ascendance of the subject to the aesthetic field of the Other is placed, in this work, as the principal way for the constitution of the imaginative principles, not only of Beuty, but also of Good and Truth that integrate the conscience of the being, that is, its proper existence.
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Scarbel, Lucie. "Relations sensori-motrices lors de communication parlée : Application chez les jeunes adultes et séniors normo-entendants et les patients sourds implantés cochléaire." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAS007/document.
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La communication parlée peut être vue comme un processus interactif impliquant un couplage fonctionnel entre les systèmes moteur et sensoriel. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est de tester ces possibles liens perceptivo-moteurs, aussi bien lors de la perception que de la production de la parole, au travers de multiples paradigmes comportementaux et auprès de différentes populations de participants. Le protocole expérimental mis en place est composé de trois paradigmes expérimentaux classiques : un premier paradigme de close-shadowing,visant à explorer le format partiellement moteur de stimuli auditifs et audiovisuels de parole ; un second paradigme permettant de mettre en évidence des corrélations entre la production et la perception de voyelles ; et enfin, un dernier paradigme d’imitation consciente et inconsciente de fréquence fondamentale.Suite à la validation de notre protocole expérimental auprès d’une population contrôle de jeunes adultes normo-entendants, nous avons étudié une seconde population constituée d’adultes normo-entendants séniors, et ceci afin d’évaluer la conséquence d'un déclin des fonctions cognitives et langagières. Les résultats obtenus ont permis de suggérer une activation fonctionnelle des liens perceptivo-moteurs lors de la perception et de la production de parole chez l’ensemble des participants. La troisième population testée était constituée de patients sourds post-linguaux puis implantés, afin de déterminer l'impact d'une déprivation sensorielle ainsi que les éventuels réapprentissages liés à leur implantation sur ces liens perceptivo-moteurs. De manièresurprenante, les résultats ont mis en évidence des relations sensori-motrices actives chez ces participants, et ce même très peu de temps après l’implantation. Pris ensemble, les résultats observés avec ces trois paradigmes expérimentaux et auprès de ces trois groupes de participants attestent de la nature perceptivo-motrice de la parole. De manière importante, malgré des performances dégradées, ces interactions entre systèmes sensoriels et moteur lors de la perception et de la production de parole resteraient fonctionnelles auprès des deux populations, celle des adultes normo-entendants séniors etcelle des patients sourds post-linguaux porteurs d’un implant cochléaireSpeech communication can be considered as an interactive process involving afunctional coupling between sensory and motor systems. The aim of this thesis was to test possible perceptuo-motor linkages during both speech perception and production, using distinct behavioral paradigms and populations. The experimental protocol was made of three classic experiments: a first paradigm of close-shadowing, aiming at exploring the partially motor format of audio and audiovisual stimuli; a second paradigm allowing to correlate production and perception of vowels; and a third paradigm of conscious and unconscious imitation of pitch. The experimental protocol was validated with a first group of young hearing adults. The second population studied was composed of elderly normal-hearing participants, in order to evaluate the consequences of both cognitive and linguistic declines. Results allowed us to suggest a functional activation of perceptuo-motor linkage during speech production and perception.The third population we tested comprised post-lingually deaf patients wearing acochlear implant. Our objective was to determine the impact of the sensorial deprivation and the re-learning processes, associated with their implantation, on perceptuo-motor linkages. Unexpectedly, results showed an active sensori-motor relationship in those participants, even shortly after the cochlear implantation. Altogether, our results confirmed the perceptuo-motor nature of speech. Importantly, in spite of degraded performances, these interactions between the sensory and the motor systems during speech production and perception remained functional in both the elderly normal-hearing population and the post-lingually deaf patients, wearing a cochlear implant
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Pinheiro, Gisele Braga. "Contribuição sensorial na facilitação do estímulo precedente." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-10012011-133827/.
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A ocorrência de um estímulo auditivo imediatamente antes de um estímulo alvo visual reduz o tempo de reação em dezenas de milisegundos, um efeito atribuído a atenção temporal automática. O presente estudo investigou se este efeito é resultante de uma facilitação de mecanismos sensoriais. Dois experimentos foram realizados. No primeiro, foi realizada uma tarefa de tempo de reação simples por meio da resposta a estímulos alvos visuais com variações em sua detectabilidade. Esperava-se que o tamanho do efeito facilitador pudesse aumentar com o aumento da dificuldade de detecção do alvo. No segundo experimento foi realizada uma tarefa de acurácia. Os dados foram analisados pela teoria de detecção de sinais. Esperava-se que o estímulo precedente possibilitasse o aumento da detectabilidade do alvo e redução do critério de resposta. No primeiro experimento, não houve influência do estímulo precedente no aumento da detectabilidade do alvo. Os resultados do segundo experimento indicaram haver influência do estímulo precedente no aumento da detectabilidade do alvo e redução do critério pra a resposta. Esses resultados reforçam a teoria de que a atenção temporal automática facilita o processamento sensorial.The occurrence of an auditory stimulus immediately before a visual target stimulus shortens reaction time by tens of milliseconds, an effect attributed to automatic temporal expectation. The present study investigated whether this effect results from a facilitation of sensory mechanisms. Two experiments were performed. In the first one the volunteers performed a simple reaction time task. They responded to visual targets which differ in detectability. It was expected that the size of the facilitatory effect would increase with the difficulty of target detection. In the second experiment the volunteers performed an accuracy task. Its data were analyzed on basis of signal detection theory. It was expected that the warning stimulus would increase the detectability of the target and lower the criterion to respond. The results of the first experiment did not indicate any influence of target detectability. The results of the second experiment indicate that both the detectability of the target and the criterion to respond were affected by the warning stimulus. These results provide support to the idea that automatic temporal expectancy facilitates sensory processing.
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Hagblom, Sophia, and Anneli Sandberg. "Perceptioner - dess betydelse i förskoleverksamheten : En studie om hur förskollärare inom förskolans verksamhet förhåller sig till perceptioners betydelse för barns utveckling och lärande." Thesis, Växjö University, Växjö University, Växjö University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5338.
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Under sina första år spendera många barn stor del av sin tid i förskolan. Det sker idag en ökning av barn som betecknas ha någon form av störning. Därför vill vi i denna studie undersöka hur man inom förskolans verksamhet förhåller sig till perceptioners betydelse för barns utveckling och lärande. Vi vill även undersöka om och hur man som pedagog arbetar för att stödja detta. Metoden består av en kvalitativ studie med kvalitativa, semistrukturerade intervjuer. Vi har valt att utgå ifrån den enskilda perceptionen men även som helhet i den sensoriska integrationen. Det har framkommit att det finns en medvetenhet om perceptionerna i sin helhet, dock är det ofta något man anser att man får med sig genom att träna motoriskt, genom leken och utformningen av miljön. Vad som även framkommit är att pedagogerna ofta tänker på brister när man talar om perceptioner och att de inte alltid ser betydelsen av perceptioner ur ett långsiktigt perspektiv.
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Hosseinyalamdary, Saivash Hosseinyalamdary. "Traffic Scene Perception using Multiple Sensors for Vehicular Safety Purposes." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1462803166.
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Ekman, Markus, and Rebecca Mårtenson. "Det sensoriska åldrandet : En studie om ålderns påverkan på grundsmaker." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-76881.
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Pereira, Joel Filipe. "Autonomous parking using 3D perception." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/9870.
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Mestrado em Engenharia MecânicaEste trabalho enquadra-se no contexto da condução autónoma, e o objetivo principal consiste na deteção e realização de uma manobra de estacionamento paralelo por parte de um veículo não-holonómico à escala de 1:5, utilizando um ambiente de programação ROS. Numa primeira fase são detetados os possíveis lugares vagos com recurso a uma nuvem de pontos proveniente de uma câmara 3D (Kinect), analizando volumes ao lado do carro. Assim que é encontrado um lugar vazio, inicia-se o estudo de possíveis trajetórias de aproximação. Estas trajetórias são compostas e são geradas em modo offline. É escolhido o melhor caminho a seguir e, no final, envia-se uma mensagem de comando para o veículo executar a manobra. Os objetivos traçados foram alcançados com sucesso, uma vez que as manobras de estacionamento foram realizadas corretamente nas condições esperadas. Para trabalhos futuros, seria interessante migrar este algoritmo de procura para outros veículos e tipos de manobra.
This work fits into the context of autonomous driving, and the main goal consists of the detection and execution of a parallel parking manoeuvre by a 1:5 scaled non-holonomic vehicle, using the ROS programming environment. In a first stage, the possible parking locations are detected by analysing a point cloud provided by a 3D camera (Kinect) and specifically by analysing volumes on the side of the car. Whenever an empty place is found, the study of possible paths of approach begins. These are composed trajectories, being generated offline. The path to follow is evaluated, and then the commands needed to the vehicle perform the selected path are sent. The outlined objectives were successfully achieved, since parking manoeuvres were performed correctly in the expected conditions. For future work, it would be interesting to migrate the search algorithm to other types of vehicles and manoeuvring.
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Vergilino-Perez, Dorine. "Les transformations sensori-motrices pendant la lecture." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05H038.
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L'objectif de cette thèse est de déterminer à quel moment et dans quel système de coordonnées s'effectuent les transformations sensori-motrices à la base de la planification des saccades en situation de lecture. Une première série d'expériences utilisant un paradigme de saccades mémorisées et visuellement guidées démontre que le plan moteur de la séquence de saccades diffère selon l'action planifiée sur le mot -atteindre un nouveau mot-cible ou explorer un même mot à l'aide de pluieurs saccades- lorsque deux saccades sont planifiées vers deux mots-cibles, la position de la seconde cible est encodée au moment de sa présentation en coordonnées centrées sur la tête et réactualisée après la première saccade en fonction de la nouvelle position de l'oeil dans l'orbite. La seconde saccade est calculée pour atteindre le centre du second mot. Lorsqu'une séquence de deux saccades est planifiée dans un même mot, la seconde saccade intra-mot est encodée en coordonnées oculocentrées sous la forme d'un vecteur moteur fixe non réajusté en fonction de la position de la première fixation. Une seconde série d'expériences examinant la flexibilité des plans moteurs en fonction des modifications des propriétés spatiales des stimuli met en évidence une préplanification de la saccade intra-mot avant le déclenchement de la première saccade sur la base de la longueur du mot intégrée en périphérie. L'ensemble de ces résultats démontre que l'action envisagée sur l'objet conditionne non seulement la nature des informations utilisées dans le codage de l'action mais également le moment où ces informations sont traduites en une représentation motriceThe goal of this thesis is to specify when and in which coordinate system the sensorimotor transformations involved in the planning of saccades in reading are carried out. The first series of experiments uses a visually and memory-guided saccades paradigm. The results demonstrate that readers hold an internal motor plan in at least two different reference frames that are specific to the action to be performed : to aim for a new target word or to read it over with a second fixation. When a word is selected as a target for the next saccade, the spatial location of the second target is encoded in head-centered coordinates before the first saccade. Then, the second saccade is updated with respect to the current eye position after the first saccade in order to aim a fonctional target location in the second word that is the word's center. (. . . )
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Ghafouri, Gharavi Mohammad. "Représentations sensori-motrices du geste graphique dans l'espace tridimensionnel." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10017.
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L'objectif de ce travail est l'étude de la représentation de l'espace péri-personnel chez l'homme. Cette étude est abordée par l'analyse du mouvement du bras dans l'espace tridimensionnel. Ce mouvement consiste en la production de gestes graphiques -des ellipses- dans les trois plans de référence anatomiques : les plans sagittal, frontal et horizontal. Par le choix de ce paradigme expérimental, on considère le mouvement comme l'expression d'un processus cognitif per se : la représentation perceptivo-motrice de l'espace tridimensionnel. La production des gestes graphiques dans l'espace a été enregistrée au moyen d'un système d'analyse de mouvement tridimensionnel Vicon. Dans la première partie, une étude comparative a été faite sur la représentation mentale de l'espace et l'influence des informations visuelles. Les résultats de cette première partie mettent en évidence l'existence d'une anisotropie dans la représentation motrice des plans de référence anatomiques. Dans la seconde partie nous avons étudié l'influence de la nature du mouvement sur la production des figures orientées dans l'espace péri-personnel. Dans cette partie les ellipses ont été produites soit par le tracé continu soit par le pointage. Les résultats confirment l'anisotropie que nous avons trouvée dans la première partie de notre étude. Dans la troisième partie, les performances des personnes âgées ne souffrant pas de déficit neurosensoriel, ont été étudiées. L'anisotropie dans la représentation motrice de l'espace, observée chez les personnes âgées, peut être interprétée comme un rétrécissement de la représentation de l'espace péri-personnelThe goal of this work was to study the representation of the peri-personnal space in man. This investigation is performed by analysing the arm movement in the three-dimensional space. This movement consisted in the production of drawing movements -ellipses- executed in the three anatomical reference planes: the sagittal, the frontal and the horizontal. By selecting this experimental paradigm, we consider the movement as the expression of a cognitif processus per se: the perceptual motor representation of the three-dimensional space. The drawing movements in the space were recorded by means of the Vicon three-dimensional motion analyser. In the first part of this work, a comparative study has been done about the mental representation of the space and the influence of the visual information. The results of this first part showed that the motor representation of the anatomical reference planes was anisotropic. In the second part, we have studied the influence of the nature of the movement on the production of oriented figure in the space. In this part, the ellipses have been produced by drawing and by pointing. The results confirmed the anisotropy found in the first part of our work. In the third part, the performance of elderly subjects -not suffering of any neurosensorial deficiency- has been studied. The anisotropy in the motor representation of the space, observed for the elderly subjects, can be interpreted as a shrinking of the representation of the peri-personnal space
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Camus, Thomas. "Action et intégration : le rôle fonctionnel de la motricité dans la construction des connaissances sensori-motrices." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30076.
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La mise en place d’un comportement semble en grande partie déterminée par la capacité du système cognitif à intégrer, au sein de représentations cohérentes, le flux continu d’informations provenant de l’environnement. Les travaux réalisés lors de cette thèse viennent modérer ce lien de causalité, et apportent des éléments en faveur d’une co-détermination de l’intégration des informations perceptives et de la mise en place d’un comportement moteur. En d’autres termes, cette thèse soutient l’idée que les actions effectuées par un individu ne sont pas seulement le produit d’une activité interne, mais sont aussi et surtout une condition de possibilité de la construction d’une représentation cohérente de nos interactions avec l’environnement.La première étude que nous avons réalisée a permis de mettre en évidence le rôle fonctionnel des réponses motrices dans le processus d’intégration. Dans une seconde étude, nous avons montré que les composants perceptifs et moteurs ne sont pas seulement co-activés lors de l’activité perceptive, mais bien intégrés les uns aux autres au sein d’une même représentation sensorimotrice. Enfin, notre dernière étude indique que la construction de telles représentations pourrait dépendre de l’intégration des conséquences sensorimotrices de nos actions. Pris dans une perspective plus large, l’ensemble de ces résultats souligne le rôle fondamental de l’action dans la cognition, et suggère finalement de reconsidérer la distinction stricte que nous opérons habituellement entre les éléments perceptifs et moteurs qui composent nos représentationsThe ability to integrate the vast amount of information coming from the environmentinto a coherent representation is usually considered a necessary conditionfor any behavior to take place. In this Ph.D. thesis, our proposal is to moderatethis apparent causality, and to bring new elements that support the idea of a codeterminationof the building of sensorimotor representations and the execution ofmotor behavior. In other words, we propose that actions are not only adapted toexternal constraints through an internal activity, but also contribute to the buildingof coherent representations of the world. Therefore, we made a series of experimentsto highlight the role of motor activity in the process of binding perceptiveinformation. The first study examined the functional role of motor responses inthe integration process, which were found to be a necessary condition for an integrationto take place. The second study investigated the link between perceptiveand motor components. The results showed that both are indeed integrated into acommon sensorimotor representation. Our final study shed light on the fact thatbuilding sensorimotor representations seems to rely on the integration of sensorimotoraction-effects. Taken together, our results point toward the critical role of motoractivity in cognitive processes, and question the relevance of distinguishing motorcomponents from perceptive ones
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Bassot, Fabienne. "Les composantes sensori-motrices de l'activité visuelle chez le bébé prématuré." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H031.
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Cette etude suggere que les relations oeuil-tete observables chez le bebe premature peuvent etre a l'origine de la coordination future. L'objectif general de cette etude est de decrire l'activite visuocephalique du bebe premature, ne a 32 semaines, et examine a 37 semaines, dans deux types d'activites visuelles : la poursuite et la detection d'une cible. Les bebes sont observes dans deux conditions experimentales "tete fixe" et "tete libre". Les resultats indiquent que le bebe premature, examine en position semi-verticalisee, est capable de poursuivre un mobile. L'amplitude de cette poursuite couvre entre 20 et 25e de deplacement de la cible. De meme la capacite de detection peripherique apparait non negligeable pour des cibles localisees jusqu'au moins 30). Le fonctionnement oculomoteur presente un aspect essentiellement saccadique. La comparaison des deux conditions experimentales "tete fixe" et "tete libre" montre que les bebes presentent une meilleure performance en condition "tete fixe" que dans la condition "tete libre". Dans cette derniere condition, deux formes de reponses apparaissent : une reponse oculaire et une reponse qui associe aux mouvements des yeux une rotation cephalique de meme direction. Les poursuites ou detections "oculocephaliques s'effectuent a partir d'une localisation oculaire suivie d'une acceleration du mouvement cephaliqueIt is suggested that the association of visual and cephalic systems may predict the eye-head coordination. No research has explored preterm's visuo-cephalic activity. The focus of this study was preterm's visuo-cephalic activity in two tasks : a pursuit and a peripheral detection task. 51 preterms infants, born at 32 weeks, were observed at 37 weeks in a semi vertical position. Four groups of preterms were observed either in one or both conditions : "head fixed" and "head free". Results show that preterm can follow a target moving horizontally at eye level and at a 30 cm distance. The pursuit covers 20 to 25 of the target's total course. Evenmore peripheral detection is observed when the target appears within a 30 angle. Eye displacements were predominantly saccadic in both tasks. Comparison of visual activity between conditions show that preterms perform better in "head fixed" than in "head free" condition. In the latter, two forms of pursuit are observed : a response of ocular pursuit and a response of ocular pursuit accompagnied by a cephalic movement oriented in the same direction. This "ocular-cephalic" pattern of response is characterized by an ocular localization followed by an accelerated cephalic movement
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Correia, José Diogo Madureira. "Visual and depth perception unit for Atlascar2." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22498.
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Mestrado em Engenharia MecânicaThis thesis is focused on the installation of multiple Light Detection And Ranging and vision-based sensors on a full sized mobile platform, ATLASCAR 2. This vehicle is a Mitsubishi i-MiEV. In the scope of this work it will be equipped with two planar scanners, a 3D scanner and a camera. The sensors will be installed in the vehicle's front supported by an infrastructure built in aluminium pro le and connected to the vehicle's chassis. All sensors are powered by the car's low voltage circuit and controlled by a switched board placed in the trunk alongside with a processing unit. Sensor calibration is accomplished using a calibration package developed at the Laboratory of Automation an Robotics, to which an option to calibrate a new 3D sensor was added, Velodyne Puck VLP-16. After the sensor calibration and to demonstrate the functionalities of the platform, an application was developed that merges the data from the Light Detection And Ranging sensors, properly referenced, in a single frame and computes and represents the space free to navigate around the vehicle.
Este trabalho assenta na instalação de sensores Light Detection And Ranging e de visão numa plataforma movel à escala real, o ATLASCAR 2. Este veículo é um Mitsubishi i-MiEV que, no ambito deste trabalho, será equipado com dois scaners planares, um scaner 3D e uma camara. Estes sensores serão instalados na frente do veículo e suportados por uma infraestrurura desenvolvida em per l da alumínio e xa ao chassis do mesmo. A alimentação dos sensores é feita atravéz do circuito de baixa tensão do veículo e controlada por um quadro elétrico situado no porta bagagens juntamente com a unidade de processamento. A calibração destes sensores realizou-se atravéz um pacote de calibração multisensorial devenvolvido no Laboratorio de Automa ção e Robotica, ao qual foi adicionada a opção de calibrar um novo sensor 3D, Velodyne Puck VLP-16. Após a calibração dos sensores e no sentido de demonstrar as funcionalidades da plataforma, foi desenvolvida uma aplicação que combina os dados dos sensors Light Detection And Ranging devidamente referenciados e calcula e representa o espaço, disponivel para navegar em torno do veiculo.
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Gallardo, Yébenes Daniel. "The metamorphosis of feelings: Approaching a sensorial visual design based on audible perceptions." Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-220797.
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Atmospheres, events, feelings, every sensation has its own music. And the human being has been highly educated to feel the glamour of them through the hearing sense. We know how a terrifying situation sounds like; what would be the musical accompaniment for a warzone scenario or what is the perfect piece for getting into a state of relaxation. Thanks to music design it has been possible to immerse the spectator into a deeper sensorial perception experience. Users close their eyes, and feel. What if we close our ears, and feel? This thesis aims to transport the qualities of sound that produces feelings into people, to visual values communicated by an approach to architectural lighting design into architectural spaces. A music example is chosen according to the intended emotion to be transposed. It is analysed, evaluated and related to a series of theoretical fundamentals based on visual psychology, human experience, multisensorial connections and lighting design. Laws of correlation are stablished and applied to a case study which ends as a theoretical concept design of an architectural lighting design installation. Closing the document, a statement of guidelines for the conversion of subjective emotional qualities perceived from musical examples is stablished and discussed the use of it in architecture.
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Morais, Huana Carolina CÃndido. "AlteraÃÃo da percepÃÃo sensorial tÃtil em pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral â AnÃlise de conceito." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10041.
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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgicoA proposta do estudo consiste na anÃlise do conceito AlteraÃÃo da percepÃÃo sensorial tÃtil em pacientes com Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC), realizada com anÃlise da literatura e opiniÃo de peritos. O estudo visa possivelmente atualizar a taxonomia de DiagnÃsticos de Enfermagem (DE), tendo em vista que o DE referente a essa alteraÃÃo nÃo consta mais na classificaÃÃo da NANDA Internacional (NANDA-I), apesar de alteraÃÃes na percepÃÃo sensorial tÃtil serem identificadas frequentemente em pacientes com AVC. Os objetivos do estudo sÃo: Analisar o conceito AlteraÃÃo da percepÃÃo sensorial tÃtil em pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral. Identificar atributos crÃticos, antecedentes e consequentes de AlteraÃÃo da percepÃÃo sensorial tÃtil em pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral; Apresentar as definiÃÃes conceituais e as referÃncias empÃricas de AlteraÃÃo da percepÃÃo sensorial tÃtil em pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral; Validar com peritos a definiÃÃo conceitual (conceito diagnÃstico), os antecedentes (fatores relacionados) e os consequentes (caracterÃsticas definidoras) da AlteraÃÃo da percepÃÃo sensorial tÃtil. Foram realizadas duas etapas: na primeira foram identificados atributos, antecedentes e consequentes de AlteraÃÃes da percepÃÃo sensorial tÃtil em pacientes com AVC com base na literatura, a partir da busca nas bases de dados: Scopus, Pubmed e Cinahl, alÃm de consulta a livros texto; e a segunda consistiu em verificar a opiniÃo de peritos a respeito do conceito (conceito diagnÃstico), dos antecedentes (fatores relacionados) e consequentes (caracterÃsticas definidoras), com suas respectivas definiÃÃes conceituais e referÃncias empÃricas desse fenÃmeno. ApÃs a realizaÃÃo das etapas propostas obtiveram-se os seguintes resultados: IdentificaÃÃo dos atributos crÃticos, fatores relacionados e caracterÃsticas definidoras do fenÃmeno AlteraÃÃo da percepÃÃo sensorial tÃtil em pacientes com AVC, possibilitando a reformulaÃÃo do conceito dessa condiÃÃo clÃnica. De acordo com a AnÃlise de conceito e apÃs a validaÃÃo por peritos, o fenÃmeno AlteraÃÃo da percepÃÃo sensorial tÃtil em pacientes com AVC envolve trÃs atributos crÃticos: EstÃmulo ideal, RecepÃÃo intacta e AlteraÃÃo na interpretaÃÃo. Esses atributos possibilitaram a construÃÃo do conceito: AlteraÃÃo ou incapacidade de interpretar estÃmulos que entram em contato com a superfÃcie corporal do indivÃduo, fornecidos em condiÃÃes ideais e com recepÃÃo intacta pelos receptores tÃteis cutÃneos superficiais e profundos. Quanto aos componentes do fenÃmeno, foram definidos os fatores relacionados com seus respectivos conceitos e definiÃÃes operacionais: Gravidade do AVC e LocalizaÃÃo do AVC. Foram determinadas as caracterÃsticas definidoras com seus respectivos conceitos e definiÃÃes operacionais: AlteraÃÃo na percepÃÃo de toque leve, AlteraÃÃo na percepÃÃo de pressÃo, AlteraÃÃo na percepÃÃo de temperatura, AlteraÃÃo na percepÃÃo de textura, AlteraÃÃo na estereognosia, ExtinÃÃo de um estÃmulo simultÃneo, AlteraÃÃo na percepÃÃo de localizaÃÃo tÃtil e DiscriminaÃÃo somatossensorial prejudicada. Espera-se que os resultados obtidos possam ser aplicados na assistÃncia a pessoas com AVC com alteraÃÃes sensoriais tÃteis, possibilitando uma prÃtica de cuidado mais extensiva e fundamentada no conhecimento cientÃfico. Ademais, espera-se que o desenvolvimento deste estudo seja um passo inicial e importante para uma nova inclusÃo desta resposta humana na taxonomia de diagnÃsticos de enfermagem da NANDA-I.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the concept of Alteration tactile sensory perception in patients with stroke, performed with analysis of literature and opinion of experts. The study aims to update the taxonomy of nursing diagnoses (ND), considering that the ND regarding this change does not appear more in the classification of NANDA International (NANDA-I), despite the change of tactile sensory perception often be identified in patients with stroke. The study objectives are: To analyze the concept of Alteration in tactile sensory perception in patients with stroke. Identify critical attributes, antecedents and consequences of Alteration in tactile sensory perception in patients with stroke; introduced the conceptual definitions and references empirical Alteration in tactile sensory perception in patients with stroke; Validate experts with the conceptual definition (diagnostic concept), background (related factors) and the resulting (defining characteristics) of Alteration in tactile sensory perception. There were two stages, the first identified attributes, antecedents and consequences of Alteration of tactile sensory perception in people with stroke based on the literature, form the search in databases: Scopus, Pubmed and Cinahl and consulting textbooks; and the second check in the opinion of the experts, about the concept (concept diagnosis), the background ( related factors) and consequent (defining characteristics), with their definitions conceptual and empirical references this phenomenon. After, performing the steps proposed produced the following results: Identification of critical attributes, related factors and defining characteristics of the phenomenon Alteration of tactile sensory perception in patients with stroke, enabling the reformulation of the concept of this clinical condition. According to the analysis of concept and after validation by experts, the phenomenon Alteration of tactile sensory perception in patients with stroke involves three critical attributes: Stimulus ideal, Reception intact and Change in interpretation. These attributes allowed the construction of the concept: Change or inability to interpret stimuli that come into contact with the individual body surface, provided ideal conditions for reception and tactile receptors by intact skin and shallow. As for the components of the phenomenon were defined factors associated with their respective concepts and operational definitions: Severity of stroke and stroke location. Defining characteristics were determined with their respective concepts and operational definitions: Change in perception of light touch, Change in perception of pressure, Change in perception of temperature, Change in the perception of texture, Change in stereognosis, Extinction a simultaneous stimuli, Change in perception of tactile location and Discrimination somatosensory impaired. It is hoped that the results can be applied in assisting people with stroke with tactile sensory changes making the practice more extensive care and based on scientific knowledge. Moreover, it is expected that the development of this study is an initial step to a new and important inclusion of human response in the taxonomy of nursing diagnoses from NANDA-I.
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Collins, Thérèse. "Conséquences perceptives de la plasticité sensori-motrice du système visuel." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H047.
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La transformation d'une information visuelle en une commande motrice appropriée est essentielle pour la réalisation d'une action précise et adaptée sur les objets de l'environnement. Dans le système visuel, il s'agit de transformer les coordonnées sensorielles d'un objet visuel en coordonnées motrices susceptibles de'diriger un mouvement oculaire vers cet objet. La transformation sensori-motrice est sujette à la plasticité : il est possible de dissocier les coordonnées motrices de la saccade oculaire des coordonnées visuelles de la cible grâce au phénomène d'adaptation saccadique. Dans un premier temps, les connaissances sur l'adaptation saccadique ont été approfondies en précisant la spécificité de l'adaptation à l'intentionnalité de la saccade (saccades réactives versus volontaires), la structure de l'étendue spatiale de l'adaptation accadique, et son influence sur la dynamique de la saccade. L'adaptation saccadique a été exploitée pour examiner la contribution de chaque système de coordonnées - motrices et visuelles - sur la perception. Deux aspects de la perception ont été étudiées : l'orientation de l'attention visuo-spatiale et la perception de l'espace. Les résultats montrent que lorsque les coordonnées motrices sont modifiées par adaptation saccadique, l'orientation de l'attention visuo-spatiale subit une modification analogue. Ainsi, la répartition des capacités perceptives à travers le champ visuel dépendrait de l'action en cours de préparation. Les coordonnées motrices organisent également la perception de l'espace. Quand ces coordonnées sont modifiées par adaptation, la perception de la localisation des objets dans l'espace subit une modification proportionnelle. Ainsi, la perception de l'espace dépendrait du potentiel à agir dans cet espace. Ces résultats suggèrent que l'action et l'intention d'agir joueraient un rôle important dans la perception du monde visuelThe transformation of visual information about an object into an appropriate motor command is essential to precise and adapted action in the environment. In the visual system, the sensory coordinates of a visual object must be transformed into motor coordinates appropriate to acquiring that object with a saccadic eye movement. Sensory-motor transformation is subject to plasticity, as shown by saccadic adaptation which introduces a discrepancy between the motor coordinates of the saccade and the visual coordinates of the target. The characteristics of saccadic adaptation were studied by examining the selectivity of adaptation to mtentionality (reactive versus volitional saccades), the structure of the spatial extent of saccadic adaptation, and the effect on saccade dynamics. Saccadic adaptation was exploited to examine the contribution of the two coordinate systems - motor and visual - to perception. Two aspects of visual perception were studied: the orientation of visuo-spatial attention, and the perception of visual space. The results show that when the motor coordinates are adaptively modified, the orientation of visuo-spatial attention is modified in an analogous manner. The distribution of perceptual capacities throughout the visual field depends on the action being prepared. Motor coordinates also organize the perception of visual space. When they are adaptively modified, the perceived localization of objects is proportionally affected: the perception of space depends on the potential to act within that space. Taken together, these results suggest an important role of action and action intention in the perception of the visual world
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Mendes, Inês Jardim de Gouveia. "Projetar com luz : a luz como directriz na concepção espacial do Centro de Dia do Casal Novo." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8952.
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Luisier-Maret, Anne-Claude. "Perception visuelle et olfactive chez les enfants avec un trouble du spectre de l’autisme : implications sur l’acceptation des aliments." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1090/document.
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La construction du comportement alimentaire est un phénomène complexe chez une majorité d'enfants avec un trouble du spectre de l'autisme (TSA). Cette thèse de doctorat vise à mieux comprendre en quoi les particularités perceptives (vue et odorat) des enfants avec un TSA influencent leur acceptation d'un aliment.Nos résultats montrent que les enfants avec un TSA se distinguent sensoriellement des enfants au développement typique (DT), ces différences dépendent de la nature (visuelle ou olfactive) des stimuli. Les enfants avec un TSA attribuent aussi des valences hédoniques plus basses aux stimuli a priori plaisants, et ce plus significativement pour la modalité visuelle. Finalement, le jugement hédonique est associé au degré de néophobie chez les enfants avec un TSA, ce qui n'est pas le cas chez les enfants au DT. Nous avons ensuite évalué les effets d'une familiarisation olfactive sur l'agrément intrinsèque d'une odeur. Nos résultats montrent une augmentation de l'expression émotionnelle positive pour l'odeur familiarisée. Deux tiers des enfants, notamment ceux qui ont le plus de particularités sensorielles, choisissent un aliment porteur de cette odeur lors d'un choix alimentaire.Nous avons aussi pris en compte le point de vue des enfants avec un TSA et l'avons mis en dialogue avec les résultats issus des neurosciences. Nos observations relèvent la pertinence d'une posture d'accompagnement dialogique pour permettre la construction de savoirs sur l'alimentation.Nos études soulignent l'importance de prendre en compte le profil perceptif propre aux enfants avec un TSA lors de la conception d'outils pédagogiques pour accompagner la construction du comportement alimentaireThe development of eating behaviour is a complex phenomenon in a majority of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This doctoral thesis aims to better understand the extent to which perceptual particularities (visual and olfactory) in children with an ASD influence their acceptance of a food.Our results show that ASD children differ on a sensorial level from Typically developed (TD) children, these differences depending on the nature of the stimuli (vision and olfaction). They also attribute a lower valence to stimuli which are, a priori, pleasant. This was particularly true for visual stimuli. Finally, we observe a link between hedonic judgement and the degree of neophobia in children with an ASD. This was not the case in TD children.Next, we evaluated the effects of olfactory familiarisation on the valence of an odour. Our results show an increase in positive emotional expression relating to the smell which has been familiarised. We also observed that two thirds of the children, notably those with the most sensory particularities, chose the food that carried this odour.The final objective of this thesis was to consider the perspectives of ASD children and to compare them with results obtained in neuroscience. Our observations highlight the relevance of establishing a dialogical research and/or support approach that allows us to build and develop our knowledge of food and eating. Our studies underline the importance of considering the perceptual profiles of ASD children when designing educational tools to support eating behaviour development
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Fu, Kaiqun. "Spatiotemporal Event Forecasting and Analysis with Ubiquitous Urban Sensors." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104165.
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The study of information extraction and knowledge exploration in the urban environment is gaining popularity. Ubiquitous sensors and a plethora of statistical reports provide an immense amount of heterogeneous urban data, such as traffic data, crime activity statistics, social media messages, and street imagery. The development of methods for heterogeneous urban data-based event identification and impacts analysis for a variety of event topics and assumptions is the subject of this dissertation. A graph convolutional neural network for crime prediction, a multitask learning system for traffic incident prediction with spatiotemporal feature learning, social media-based transportation event detection, and a graph convolutional network-based cyberbullying detection algorithm are the four methods proposed. Additionally, based on the sensitivity of these urban sensor data, a comprehensive discussion on ethical issues of urban computing is presented.
This work makes the following contributions in urban perception predictions: 1) Create a preference learning system for inferring crime rankings from street view images using a bidirectional convolutional neural network (bCNN). 2) Propose a graph convolutional networkbased solution to the current urban crime perception problem; 3) Develop street view image retrieval algorithms to demonstrate real city perception.
This work also makes the following contributions in traffic incident effect analysis: 1) developing a novel machine learning system for predicting traffic incident duration using temporal features; 2) modeling traffic speed similarity among road segments using spatial connectivity in feature space; and 3) proposing a sparse feature learning method for identifying groups of temporal features at a higher level.
In transportation-related incidents detection, this work makes the following contributions: 1) creating a real-time social media-based traffic incident detection platform; 2) proposing a query expansion algorithm for traffic-related tweets; and 3) developing a text summarization tool for redundant traffic-related tweets.
Cyberbullying detection from social media platforms is one of the major focus of this work: 1) Developing an online Dynamic Query Expansion process using concatenated keyword search. 2) Formulating a graph structure of tweet embeddings and implementing a Graph Convolutional Network for fine-grained cyberbullying classification. 3) Curating a balanced multiclass cyberbullying dataset from DQE, and making it publicly available.
Additionally, this work seeks to identify ethical vulnerabilities from three primary research directions of urban computing: urban safety analysis, urban transportation analysis, and social media analysis for urban events. Visions for future improvements in the perspective of ethics are addressed.Doctor of Philosophy
The ubiquitously deployed urban sensors such as traffic speed meters, street-view cameras, and even smartphones in everybody's pockets are generating terabytes of data every hour. How do we refine the valuable intelligence out of such explosions of urban data and information became one of the profitable questions in the field of data mining and urban computing. In this dissertation, four innovative applications are proposed to solve real-world problems with big data of the urban sensors. In addition, the foreseeable ethical vulnerabilities in the research fields of urban computing and event predictions are addressed. The first work explores the connection between urban perception and crime inferences. StreetNet is proposed to learn crime rankings from street view images. This work presents the design of a street view images retrieval algorithm to improve the representation of urban perception. A data-driven, spatiotemporal algorithm is proposed to find unbiased label mappings between the street view images and the crime ranking records. The second work proposes a traffic incident duration prediction model that simultaneously predicts the impact of the traffic incidents and identifies the critical groups of temporal features via a multi-task learning framework. Such functionality provided by this model is helpful for the transportation operators and first responders to judge the influences of traffic incidents. In the third work, a social media-based traffic status monitoring system is established. The system is initiated by a transportation-related keyword generation process. A state-of-the-art tweets summarization algorithm is designed to eliminate the redundant tweets information. In addition, we show that the proposed tweets query expansion algorithm outperforms the previous methods. The fourth work aims to investigate the viability of an automatic multiclass cyberbullying detection model that is able to classify whether a cyberbully is targeting a victim's age, ethnicity, gender, religion, or other quality. This work represents a step forward for establishing an active anti-cyberbullying presence in social media and a step forward towards a future without cyberbullying. Finally, a discussion of the ethical issues in the urban computing community is addressed. This work seeks to identify ethical vulnerabilities from three primary research directions of urban computing: urban safety analysis, urban transportation analysis, and social media analysis for urban events. Visions for future improvements in the perspective of ethics are pointed out.
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Laurent, Raphael. "COSMO : un modèle bayésien des interactions sensori-motrices dans la perception de la parole." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM063/document.
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Si la parole est une faculté dont l'usage nous semble parfaitement naturel,il reste toutefois beaucoup à comprendre sur la nature des représentations et des processus cognitifs qui la gouvernent. Au cœur de cette thèse se trouve la question des interactions entre perception et action dans la production et la perception de syllabes. Nous adoptons le cadre rigoureux de la programmation bayésienne au sein duquel nous définissons mathématiquement le modèle COSMO (pour "Communicating Objects using Sensori-Motor Operations"), qui permet de formaliser les théories motrice, auditive et perceptuo-motrice de la communication parlée et de les étudier quantitativement. Cette approche conduit à un premier résultat théorique fort : nous démontrons un théorème d'indistinguabilité d'après lequel, lorsque l'on pose certaines hypothèses de conditions idéales d'apprentissage, les théories auditive et motrice font des prédictions identiques pour des tâches de perception, et sont de ce fait indistinguables. Pour s'éloigner de ces conditions, nous proposons un algorithme original d'apprentissage sensori-moteur “par accommodation”, qui permet de s'adapter au bain acoustique ambiant tout en développant des idiosyncrasies. Cet algorithme d'apprentissage par imitation de ciblesacoustiques permet l'apprentissage de compétences motrices à partir d'entrées perceptives uniquement, avec la propriété remarquable de se focaliser sur les régions d'intérêt pour l'apprentissage. Nous utilisons des syllabes synthétisées grâce au modèle de conduit vocal VLAM pour analyser les dynamiques d'évolution des modèles appris ainsi que leur robustesse aux dégradationsWhile speech communication is a faculty that seems natural, a lot remainsto be understood about the nature of the cognitive representations and processes that are involved. Central to this PhD research is the study of interactions between perception and action during production or perception of syllables. We choose Bayesian Programming as a rigorous framework within which we provide a mathematical definition of the COSMO model ("Communicating Objects using Sensori-Motor Operations"), which allows to formalize motor, auditory and perceptuo-motor theories of speech communication and to study them quantitatively. This approach first leads to a strong theoretical result:we prove an indistinguishability theorem, according to which, given some ideal learning conditions, motor and auditory theories make identical predictions for perception tasks, and therefore cannot be distinguished empirically. To depart from these conditions, we introduce an original “learning by accommodation” algorithm, which enables to adapt to the ambient acoustic environment as well as to develop idiosyncrasies. This algorithm, which learns by mimicking acoustic targets, allows to acquire motor skills from acoustic inputs only, with the remarkable property of focusing its learning on the adequate regions. We use syllables synthesized by a vocal tract model (VLAM ) to analyse how thedifferent models evolve through learning and how robust they are to degradations
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Montoro, Morcillo Carlos. "Influence of feed characteristics and sensorial perception on solid feed consumption of young calves around weaning." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96701.
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Durant aquesta tesis es varen realitzar sis estudis en vedells joves amb l’objectiu de conèixer estratègies per incrementar el consum de concentrat al voltant del deslletament. En primer lloc, es realitzà un estudi per desenvolupar un mètode per determinar preferències oro-sensorials en vedells deslletats, aquest mètode va consistir en registrar el consum d’un grup mínim de 20 animals individualitzats, als quals se’ls ofertà una doble opció de dos ingredients o concentrats durant un període de 6 h. Amb aquest mètode es realitzà el segon estudi, on es van determinar les preferències oro-sensorials entre 8 ingredients energètics (arròs, blat, blat de moro, corn gluten feed, civada, melca, ordi i segones de blat) i 6 ingredients proteics (colza, DDG de blat, corn gluten meal, girasol, pèsol i soja). El blat i la soja van ser els ingredients preferits, mentre que el corn gluten feed, l’arròs i el corn gluten meal van ser els ingredients menys preferits a curt termini. En el tercer estudi, es testà l’efecte d’addicionar un edulcorant amb aroma al lactoremplaçant i al concentrat. Al addicionar l’aroma s’observà un increment en el consum de concentrat en aquells vedells que presenten un baix consum al moment del deslletament. El quart estudi avaluà la capacitat de regulació dels requeriments nutricionals en vedells nounats. En aquest estudi un grup de vedells van rebre un concentrat convencional i es van comparar amb un altre grup als quals se’ls ofertà una bateria de diferents ingredients que composaven el concentrat. Els vedells que tenien accés a la bateria d’ingredients van descriure un consum total i creixement similar als vedells que rebien concentrat. Però en canvi van descriure un major consum de proteïna i greix, i un menor consum de carbohidrats. Aquestes diferències es van deure principalment a la predilecció cap a la soja i la soja grassa que van mostrar els animals que podien escollir entre diversos ingredients. El cinquè estudi va analitzar el paper de la mida de partícula del farratge en vedells lactants. En aquest estudi es comparaven dos tipus de dietes, composades per un concentrat convencional al qual se li addicionava un 10% de farratge. Aquestes dues dietes diferien en la mida de partícula del farratge, molturat (2mm) o trinxat (3-4cm). Es va observar que els animals que rebien el farratge més groller (3-4 cm) incrementaven més el seu consum la setmana desprès del deslletament, millorava la seva digestibilitat de matèria seca, proteïna, fibra neutra detergent i àcid detergent, i també reduïa la realització de conductes orals no-nutritives. Es va realitzar un sisè estudi on es va avaluar el paper que tenen els opioids en la regulació de la ingesta mitjançant l’estimulació o inhibició del plaer. En aquest estudi es va provar l’efecte de la naloxona, un antagonista opioide, sobre l’elecció de concentrats preferibles en vedells deslletats, i les seves possibles interaccions amb altres metabòlits relacionats amb la regulació de la ingesta. Es va observar que en animals saciats la naloxona podria reduir el consum, indicant que els opioids intervenen en la regulació de la ingesta total, però a més es va observar redueix la preferència per concentrats amb edulcorants, que prèviament s’havien observat altament preferibles. Pel que fa als metabòlits analitzats només es va observar una interacció entre la naloxona i els nivells de glucagon-like peptide-1. Resumint, els vedells lactants van mostrar preferència pels edulcorants al voltant del deslletament, tant a curt termini com a llarg termini. La soja va ser un ingredient d’elecció, mentre que la civada no va ser desitjada, tant a curt termini com a llarg termini. El fet d’addicionar un mateix aroma amb edulcorant al concentrat com a la llet va incrementar el consum d’aquells animals que presentaven un consum baix prèviament al deslletament. La mida de partícula del farratge va condicionar el creixement, consum, digestibilitat i comportament dels vedells al voltant del deslletament. Finalment, es va observar que els opioides juguen un paper important en la regulació de la ingesta mitjançant l’hedonisme o el plaer.In this thesis, six studies in young calves were performed in order to find strategies to increase concentrate intake around weaning. The first study was conducted to develop a method to determine oro-sensory preferences in weaned calves. This method consist on measure the solid feed consumption of a minimum group of 20 calves, which recieve two options of concentrates or ingredients during a period of 6 h. Using this method, the second study was performed, where the oro-sensory preferences between 8 energetic ingredients (rice, wheat, corn, corn gluten feed, oats, sorghum, barley and second wheat) and 6 protein ingredients (canola, corn DDG, corn gluten meal, sunflower, soybean and pea) were determined. Wheat and soybean meal were the favorite ingredients for weaned calves, while the corn gluten feed, rice and corn gluten meal ingredients were less preferred in this short term study. The third study was conducted to evaluate the effect of flavoring a starter concentrate in a same manner as a milk replacer on intake and performance of young calves. This study claims, that offering a starter concentrate flavored as the milk replacer enhances solid feed consumption of those calves that have a low intake around weaning. The fourth study evaluated the ability of calves to meet their nutrient requirements when different ingredients were offered indepently in newborn calves. In this study a group of calves received a conventional concentrate whereas another group received a battery of different ingredients. The calves that had access to the free-choice of ingredients described a similar total consumption and growth compared to calves that received concentrate. However, calves that had access to all ingredients described a higher consumption of protein and fat, and lower consumption of carbohydrates that those receiving concentrate. These differences in nutrient intake were mainly due to the preference toward soybean meal and soybean full fat described by the animals that had access to all ingredients. The fifth study analyzed the role of particle size of forage in lactating cattle. This study compared two diets, composed of a conventional concentrate with a 10% of forage added. These two diets were different in the particle size of forage, ground (2 mm) or choped (3-4cm). It was observed that animals receiving chopped forage (3-4 cm) increased solid feed consumption the week after weaning, improved the apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre, and reduce undesired behaviors, such as non-nutritive oral behaviors. The sixth study was conducted to evaluate the role of opioids in the regulation of food intake by stimulation or inhibition of pleasure. This study tested the effect of naloxone, an opioid antagonist, on preferred concentrates consumption in weaned calves, and their possible interactions with other metabolites related to the regulation of food intake. It was observed that satiated animals treated with naloxone reduced solid feed consumption, indicating that opioids are involved in the regulation of total intake. Furthermore, calves treated with naloxone reduced their preference for concentrate with sweetener, which had been previously observed as a preferred concentrate. Regarding the analyzed metabolites, GLP-1 was influences by naloxone administration. In summary, calves showed preference for sweeteners around weaning, either in short term or long term assays. Soybean meal was a preferred ingredient, while oats was not desired, both in short term and long term. Adding a sweetener with the same aroma in concentrate and in milk replacer increased consumption of animals that had a low intake prior to weaning. The particle size of forage influenced the growth, consumption, digestibility and performance of calves around weaning. Finally, we observed that opioids play an important role in the regulation of food intake by hedonism or pleasure.
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Oliveira, Andréa Olimpio de. "Estudo teórico sobre percepção sensorial: comparação entre William James e Joaquin Fuster." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1667.
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O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar o conceito de percepção na Filosofia e Neurociência. Para tanto, descrevemos alguns aspectos históricos da neurociência cognitiva sobre as funções psicológicas superiores, bem como ressaltamos a importância do estudo da percepção no desenvolvimento humano e processos sócio-educativos. Na Filosofia, duas grandes concepções sobre a sensação e a percepção fazem parte da tradição filosófica: o Empirismo e o Racionalismo. No século XX, contudo, a Filosofia alterou bastante essas duas tradições através de uma nova concepção do conhecimento sensível. As mudanças foram trazidas pela Fenomenologia e pela Psicologia da Forma ou teoria da Gestalt. A percepção apresenta estreita ligação com os sentidos, sendo as primeiras etapas realizadas pelos sistemas sensoriais, responsáveis por sua fase analítica. É como se cada característica fosse separada em suas partes constituintes, tais como forma, cor, movimentos e assim por diante. Porém, percebemos o mundo com totalidades integradas e não com sensações fracionadas, o que faz supor que existam outros mecanismos, além daqueles de natureza analítica, que contribuem para nossa percepção sintética. Faz-se necessário entender como a percepção, conceito estritamente subjetivo, se relaciona com o cérebro, abordagem amplamente estudada pela Neurociência Cognitiva. Finalmente, destacamos a importante investigação acerca da percepção realizada pelo neurocientista contemporâneo, Joaquin Fuster, demonstrando como William James, no final do século XIX, já havia escrito de forma muito semelhante.
The present study aims to investigate the concept of perception in Philosophy and Neuroscience. For this, we describe some historical aspects of cognitive neuroscience on the higher psychological functions, as well as emphasize the importance of perception in the study of human development and the socio-educational. In Philosophy, two large conceptions of sensation and perception are part of the philosophical tradition: Empiricism and Rationalism. In the twentieth century, however, the philosophy changed much these two traditions through a new conception of sensitive knowledge. The changes were brought about by the phenomenology and the psychology of form or Gestalt theory. The perception is closely linked to the senses, being the first steps taken by the sensory systems responsible for its analytical phase. It is as if each is separated into its constituent parts, such as shape, color, movement and so on. However, we perceive the world with uncompromising integrity and not with feelings fractionated, which suggests that there are other mechanisms besides those of analytical nature, which contribute to our synthetic perception. It is necessary to understand how perception, strictly subjective concept, relates to the brain, an approach widely studied by Cognitive Neuroscience. Finally, we highlight the important research on the perception held by contemporary neuroscientist Joaquin Fuster, showing how William James, in the late nineteenth century, had written very similarly.
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Silva, Everton Sidnei Amaral da. "Design, technologie et perception : mise en relation du design sensoriel, sémantique et émotionnel avec la texture et les matériaux." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/150641.
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Sock, Rudolph. "Organisation temporelle en production de la parole émergence de catégories sensori-motrices phonétiques." Grenoble 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE39019.
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La production de la parole est un processus moteur complexe, régi par une orchestration temporelle des articulateurs, organisés dans le temps et dans l'espace, pour contribuer à l'émergence des catégories sensori-motrices : les sons d'une langue spécifique. En mettant l'accent sur la dimension motrice du phénomène parole, nous nous rapprochons, avec quelques ajustements épistémologiques, de la démarche de Stetson, qui disait dans son ouvrage "Motor phonetics" (1928 ; 1951 ; Reed. 1988) que la parole était plutôt un ensemble de gestes rendus audibles qu'un ensemble de sons produits par des mouvements. Nous tentons de montrer, d'après l'analyse de nos données, que la parole est aussi bien un ensemble de mouvements rendus audibles (et visibles) qu'un ensemble de sons produits par des mouvements. Dans notre perspective, l'accent est mis sur la nature de la spécification mutuelle des niveaux articulatoire et acoustique, un trait qui semble caractériser les systèmes sensori-moteurs en général et tout particulièrement, celui de la production-perception de la parole. Pour comprendre l'organisation temporelle des gestes "gouvernant" la production des catégories phonétiques, on doit donc nécessairement s'intéresser, dans un premier temps, aux principes généraux qui sous-tendent les conduites sensori-motrices biologiques, pour pouvoir, dans un deuxième temps, appliquer les nécessaires adaptations théoriques et méthodologiques dans le domaine spécifique de l'étude du timing des gestes linguistiques. Cette thèse s'organise autour d'un thème majeur en production de la parole : l'étude de l'organisation temporelle des oppositions linguistiques fortement contrastées. L'objectif principal est de mettre à jour les contraintes temporelles liées à la production des oppositions de quantité, par l'analyse du comportement des phasages articulatori-acoustiques. Différentes hypothèses sont évoquées au cours de ce travail, la plus fondamentale étant la suivante : il est possible de trouver des régularités articulatori-acoustiques dans l'organisation temporelle des oppositions de quantité, malgré les différences de langues, de dialectes et de locuteurs. Ces régularités de timing peuvent se rationaliser en invoquant les exigences physiques et sémiotiques du système de production-perception de la parole. Apres vérification de nos hypothèses de départ, nous tentons de replacer nos observations…Speech production is a complex motor process, governed by the temporal orchestration of the articulators that are organized in time and space, thus contributing to the emergence of sensorimotor categories: the sounds of a given language. By paying more attention to the motor dimension of speech and by making a few epistemological adjustments, this approach resembles that of Stetson, who stated in his book "Motor phonetics" (1928; 1951; Reed. 1988) that speech was rather a set of gestures made audible than a set of sounds produced by movements. However, this research attempts to demonstrate, from experimental results, that speech is both a set of movements made audible (and visible) and a set of sounds produced by movements. In this perspective, the focus is on the nature of the mutual specification of the articulatory and acoustic levels, a trait that seems to characterize sensorimotor systems in general and, particularly, the speech production-perception one. In order to understand the timing of the gestures that "govern" the production of phonetic categories, it is essential to look, first, at the general principles that underlie biological sensorimotor behaviours to be able, second, to make necessary theoretical and methodological adaptations in the specific area of timing of linguistic gestures. This dissertation is concerned with a major theme in speech production: the timing of well contrasted linguistic categories. The main aim is to uncover temporal constraints that are tied to the production of quantity contrasts, by analyzing both articulatory and acoustic phasing patterns. Various hypotheses are made in this work, the strongest being the following: it is possible to pinpoint articulatory-acoustic regularities in the timing of quantity contrasts, regardless of language, dialect and speaker differences. Such regularities could be rationalized by referring to physical and semiotic demands of the speech production-perception system. After verifying the initial hypotheses, an attempt is made to discuss the data within a general theory of speech production and perception. Finally, propositions are made for a theoretical modelling of the emergence of sensorimotor behaviours in speech production and perception
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Mariano, Renata Fambelio Gomes. "A percepção sensorial do corpo vestido: uma análise têxtil sob o ponto de vista feminino." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100133/tde-19122016-135502/.
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Esta pesquisa de mestrado dispõe-se a estudar as relações existentes entre a percepção sensorial têxtil e o corpo vestido, sob a perspectiva de mulheres videntes e não videntes, buscando as semelhanças e diferenças entre essas formas de percepção para assim refletir sobre a ação dos sentidos na interação com o produto têxtil e, mais especificamente, a influência da visão na percepção tátil. Para isso, foram realizadas pesquisas teóricas e práticas que abordam a relação simbólica do tecido com a sociedade, tendo como base a observação de um grupo formado por 45 mulheres com cegueira total congênita, adquirida e também por mulheres dotadas do sentido da visão. Os diálogos estabelecidos na relação do universo feminino e do têxtil como matéria-prima base para a criação das roupas e como as diversas variações de tecidos e suas funções em contato com a pele estimulam diferentes sensações, buscando enfatizar a importância da percepção e sua influência nas preferências e escolhas de consumo de produtos de moda. Com o objetivo de analisar como é possível estabelecer diferentes formas de perceber o tecido e o corpo que o veste e a maneira como auxiliam na formação da identidade visual como elemento constitutivo de uma cultura contemporâneaThis dissertation proposes to study the relations between the textile sensorial perception and the dressed body under the perspective of seeing and non-seeing women, researching the similarities and differences from these ways of perception and, specifically, the visions influence over the textile perception. For this, it was made several theoretical and practical researches that approaches the fabrics symbolic relation with the society, which was based on the observation of a group with 45 women with congenital total blindness, by women who have acquired it and also by seing women. The dialogues stated in the relation between the feminine universe and the textile as an element to the creation of clothes and how different tissues and its functions in contact with the skin stimulates different sensations, seeking to emphasize the importance of the perception and its influence on personal preferences and fashion produts consumptions choices. It was analyzed how it is possible to connect different ways of perceiving the fabric and the body that wears it so that assists on the formation of the visual identity as an element to institute a contemporary culture
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Bernay-Angeletti, Coralie. "Stratégie de perception active pour l'interprétation de scènes." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22710/document.
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La perception est le moyen par lequel nous connaissons le monde extérieur. C’est grâce à nos perceptions que nous sommes capables d’interagir avec notre environnement et d’accomplir de nombreuses actions du quotidien comme se repérer, se déplacer, reconnaître des objets et autres. Cette perception n’est pas juste passive comme peut l’être une sensation, elle comporte des aspects actifs. En particulier, elle peut être orientée dans un but précis, permettant de filtrer les données pour ne traiter que les plus pertinentes. Si la perception humaine est particulièrement efficace, la perception artificielle, elle, demeure un problème complexe qui se heurte à de nombreuses difficultés. Ainsi, les changements de conditions de perception comme des modifications de l’illumination ou des occultations partielles de l’objet à percevoir doivent pouvoir être gérées efficacement. Pour résoudre ces difficultés, s’inspirer de la perception humaine semble être une piste intéressante. Ce manuscrit propose un système de perception polyvalent et générique reposant sur une stratégie de perception active. Pour ce faire, nous proposons un algorithme Top-Down utilisant un modèle en parties. Le problème de perception est transformé en un problème d’estimation d’un vecteur de caractéristiques. La détection des différentes parties permet de réaliser cette estimation. Le système de perception proposé est un algorithme itératif multi-capteurs. À chaque itération, il sélectionne au mieux, en fonction des objectifs fixés par l’application, la partie à détecter ainsi que les meilleurs capteur et détecteur compatibles. Un réseau bayésien est utilisé pour prendre en compte les événements incertains pouvant survenir lors de ce processus comme la défaillance d’un détecteur ou la non existence potentielle d’une partie donnée. Un processus de focalisation à la fois spatiale et de caractéristiques permet d’améliorer la détection en augmentant le rapport signal sur bruit, en restreignant la zone de recherche pour une partie et en éliminant certains des candidats trouvés. Ce processus de focalisation permet aussi de réduire les temps de calcul et de restreindre l’influence des distracteurs. L’ajout de nouveaux capteurs, détecteurs ou parties se fait simplement. De plus, l’utilisation d’un réseau bayésien permet une grande flexibilité au niveau de la modélisation des événements pris en compte : il est facile de rajouter de nouveaux événements pour obtenir une modélisation plus réaliste. L’algorithme proposé a été utilisé pour plusieurs applications incluant de la reconnaissance d’objets, de l’estimation fine de pose et de la localisationPerception is the way by which we know the outside world. Thanks to our perceptions we are able to interact with our environment and to achieve various everyday life actions as locating or moving in an environment, or recognizing objects. Perception is not passive whereas sensations are, it has active components. In particular, perception can be oriented for a specific purpose allowing to filter data and to take care only of the most relevant. If human perception is particularly effective, artificial perception remains a complex problem with a lot of non solved difficulties. For example, changes of perception conditions as modification of illumination or partial occultation of the searched object must be effectively managed. This thesis proposes a system of perception based on a strategy of active perception which can adapt itself to various applications. To do it, we propose an algorithm Top-Down using a part-based model. The problem of perception is transformed into a problem of estimation of a characteristics vector. The detection of the different parts constituting the searched object allows to realize this estimation. The proposed perceptive system is an iterative and multi-sensors algorithm. In every iteration, it selects, at best, according to the application objectives, the part to detect and the best compatible sensor and detector. A bayesian network is used to take into account uncertain events which can arise during this process as detector failure or potential non existing part. A focus process consisting of a spatial focus and of a characteristics focus, improves the detection by restricting the search area, by improving the signal to noise ratio and by eliminating some erroneous candidates. This focus process also allows to reduce computation time and to restrict influence of distractors. Adding a part, a sensor or a detector is simple. Furthermore, the use of a bayesian network allows to be flexible in the events modelisation : it is easy to add new events to obtain a more realistic modelisation. The proposed algorithm has been used for several applications including object’s recognition, fine pose estimation and localization. So, it is multi-purpose and generic
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Coelho, Jennifer Ângelo de Lacerda. "A influência da gastronomia e da estética na percepção sensorial de idosos." Universidade Católica de Brasília, 2018. https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2445.
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Gastronomy is one of the oldest humanity science. Its importance for the society is great, because the human being need to feed to be alive. For this, it is necessary to prepare the food, combining cooking’s culture and techniques for a better use of each ingredient. Cooking’s job is to make meals look more tasty and attractive for the diner, thus provided, not only nourishment of the body, but pleasure in feeding. This research had as objective to evaluate if the aesthetics, that is, the visual perception, can influence flavor’s perception. The research was performed with 38 elderly (age = 67.65 SD = 6.15) who tasted a preparation assembled in two ways, one more and one less esthetic. These elderly respond to a semi-structured questionnaire for sociodemographic data, as well as hedonic measures related to the preparation and psychological measures to assess mood states. For data analysis, Shapiro-Wilks, Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. In addition, we chose to work with the deltas´s difference with three groups, according to their dish preference, using the Chi-square test (Monte Carlo). The results showed that the most esthetic dish was better evaluated by all the elderly (p = 0.000), that a better perception of salt quantity on most esthetic dish was perceived when divided by age group (p = 0.020) and there was no difference between elderly men and women (p≥0.05). No differences were found regarding perceptions of the fact that the elderly cook or not, nor anxiety and depression influenced perception, since the group had low anxiety and depression scores. It is concluded that the use of aesthetic dishes while cooking may favor the improvement of food perception in this group, as well as improve the perception of tastes, especially the salt that is decreased in the aging process.
A gastronomia é uma das ciências mais antigas da humanidade. Sua importância para a sociedade é grande, pois o ser humano precisa se alimentar para viver. Para tanto, é preciso preparar a comida, aliando a cultura e as técnicas de culinária utilizadas na gastronomia para um maior e melhor aproveitamento de cada alimento. O trabalho da gastronomia é tornar as refeições mais saborosas e atraentes ao comensal, proporcionado, assim, não só nutrição do corpo, mas o prazer em se alimentar. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar se a estética, ou seja, a percepção visual, pode influenciar na percepção dos sabores. A pesquisa foi realizada com 38 idosos (idade = 67,65 DP= 6,15) que degustaram uma preparação montada de duas formas, uma mais e outra menos estética. Esses idosos responderam a um questionário semiestruturado para os dados sociodemográficos, além de medidas hedônicas relacionadas às preparações e medidas psicológicas para avaliação dos estados de humor. Para análise dos dados, foram utilizados os testes Shapiro-Wilks, Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis. Além disso, optou-se por trabalhar com o delta da diferença com três grupos, de acordo com a sua preferência de prato, utilizando o teste Qui-quadrado (Monte Carlo). Os resultados demonstraram que o prato mais estético foi melhor avaliado por todos os idosos (p=0,000), que o prato mais estético foi percebido com maior quantidade de sal quando dividido por faixa etária (p=0,020) e não havendo diferença entre idosos e idosas (p≥0,05). Também não foram encontradas diferenças quanto às percepções pelo fato do idoso cozinhar ou não, assim como, se a ansiedade e a depressão influenciavam na percepção, visto que o grupo tinha baixos escores de ansiedade e depressão. Concluindo-se que a utilização de pratos estéticos na gastronomia pode vir a favorecer a melhora do comportamento alimentar neste grupo, assim como, melhorar a percepção de gostos, especialmente do sal que é diminuído no processo de envelhecer.
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Hafner-Cirne, Maylu Botta 1982. "Efeito de informações pré-operatórias, técnico e sensorial, na percepção e nos comportamentos de dor em pacientes submetidos à exodontia de terceiro molar = Effects of pre-operative technical and sensorial information on perception and pain behavior in patients undergoing third molar extraction." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288047.
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Orientadores: Maria da Luz Rosario de Sousa, Antonio Bento Alves de MoraesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia do oferecimento prévio de informações técnicas e sensoriais na percepção e respostas de dor dos pacientes submetidos à exodontia. Participaram deste estudo 145 pacientes, com idade entre 14 e 24 anos, que necessitavam de exodontia de, pelo menos, um terceiro molar em sessão odontológica. Os pacientes foram alocados aleatoriamente em três diferentes grupos (Controle - GC, Experimental Técnico - GET e Experimental Sensorial - GES). O planejamento experimental foi subdividido em 6 momentos: Pré-cirúrgico, Pós-cirúrgico I, II, III, IV e Remoção de Sutura. No Pré-cirúrgico foi aplicada uma entrevista inicial com questões abertas e fechadas sobre hábitos de saúde, experiência cirúrgica e uso de medicamentos, bem como aplicação dos questionários e escalas de dor e apresentação de um vídeo informativo (somente para os grupos experimentais). Nos momentos Pós-cirúrgico II III e IV ocorreu a aplicação do Questionário de Dor McGill e da Escala VAS de Funcionalidades, sendo que nesses momentos o paciente respondeu aos instrumentos em casa. No momento de remoção de sutura foram recolhidos os instrumentos de avaliação e foi aplicada uma avaliação do vídeo informativo. A partir das avaliações e entrevistas puderam ser identificadas alterações que podem ser atribuídas à apresentação de informação prévia e, consequentemente, variação na percepção de dor do paciente em relação ao GC. Tanto os pacientes que receberam informações técnicas, como os que receberam informações sensoriais relataram menores escores de dor ao longo do pós-operatório. No entanto, mesmo com relatos de baixa percepção de dor, todos os pacientes ingeriram quantidades similares de analgésicos no pós-operatório. É importante destacar que a maior parte dos pacientes experimentais relatou a experiência de receber informações detalhadas como positivas
Abstract: The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of the previous offering technical and sensory information to perception and pain responses of patients undergoing third molar extraction. The study included 145 patients, aged 14 and 24, who needed extraction of at least one third molar. Patients were randomly divided into three groups (Control - CG, Technical - TG and Sensory - SG). The experimental design was divided into six phases: Pre-surgical, post-surgical I, II, III, IV and suture removal. In the Pre-Surgical was applied an initial interview with open and closed questions about health habits, surgical experience and use of medicines as well as the questionnaires, pain scales and presenting an informative video (for the experimental groups). In the post-surgical moments II III and IV was the application of the McGill Pain Questionnaire and VAS scale features, and the patient responded to the instruments at home. At the time of suture removal the assessment tools were collected and applied an assessment of the informative video. From the reviews and interviews have been identified changes that could be attributed to the presentation of prior information and hence variation in the perception of the patient's pain compared to CG. Both patients who received technical information, such as receiving sensory information reported lower pain scores throughout the postoperative period. However, even with low pain perception reported, all patients ate similar amounts of analgesics postoperative. Importantly, most of the experimental subjects reported the experience of receiving detailed information as positive
Doutorado
Saude Coletiva
Doutora em Odontologia
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Maillard, Mickaël. "Formalisation de la perception comme dynamique sensori-motrice : application dans un cadre de reconnaissance d'objets par un robot autonome." Cergy-Pontoise, 2007. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/07CERG0348.pdf.
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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans l'étude et le développement de systèmes de vision inspirés du vivant. Elle propose une formalisation constructiviste de l'approche sensori-motrice des mécanismes perceptifs dans le cadre des systèmes dynamiques. La perception est définie par une fonction d'énergie liée à l'existence d'attracteurs sensori-moteurs créés par l'apprentissage de lois stables liant les sensations et les actions. Cette formalisation définit le rôle de l'apprentissage, du corps et renouvelle le statut des objets. De plus, ces travaux développent le modèle d'une brique architecturale regroupant un ensemble minimal de fonctionnalités pour l'apprentissage d'invariants sensori-moteurs. L'architecture obtenue, appliquée à un robot autonome permet à celui-ci d'exhiber différents comportements en face d'objets (suivi, "reaching". . . ). Enfin, ces travaux étudient comment l'approche sensori-motrice peut aider à concevoir des implémentations temps réelThis thesis deals with the study and development of visual systems inspired by the living. These works present an enactive formalization of the sensori-motor approach of perceptive phenomens based on the dynamical system concept. Perception is defined by an energy function coming from sensori-motor attractors. These attractors are defined by the learning of stable laws binding sensations and actions. This formalization allows to define the role of the learning, of the corpse and alters our conception of objects. Besides, these works develop the model of an architectural unit gathering minimal functionnalities to learn sensori-motor invariants. The obtained architecture is applied to an autonomous robot: the later can exhibit different behaviors in front of learned objects (following and reaching behaviors. . . ). Finally, these works investigate how the sensori-motor approach can help to design real-time implementations of embedded architectures
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Leclercq, Patrick. "Prospective pour une pédagogie de l'enseignement du vécu sensoriel manuel." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUEL015.
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Falcão, Franciane da Silva [UNESP]. "Dimensionamento sensorial tátil de ferramentas manuais: a relação entre percepção de usuários e texturas aplicadas em cabos de martelos de uso típico no DIMPE/AM." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151564.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM)
Pesquisas na área do design ergonômico têm delineado parâmetros para o desenvolvimento de diversos produtos, por meio do estudo da relação de aspectos formais de produtos e a percepção ou solicitações físicas humanas. Entretanto, estudos da correlação de aspectos formais da superfície de contato (texturas das interfaces) com a percepção humana no uso de ferramentas manuais apresentam-se ainda incipientes. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a relação de três características formais de textura (disposição, densidade gráfica, profundidade) com a percepção de desconforto e agradabilidade, visando compreender o dimensionamento sensorial tátil em ferramentas manuais. Para tanto, foi aplicado a fase de avaliação do método SEQUAM, com uso de 8 mock-ups de martelos unha com distintas configurações de texturas aplicadas aos seus cabos. As simulações de uso foram realizadas com profissionais de marcenaria (PM) e usuários domésticos (UD). Os resultados desta abordagem experimental demonstraram que as características de disposição, densidade gráfica e profundidade interferem na percepção do usuário; e que entre estas três características a densidade gráfica das ranhuras apresentou um número maior de aspectos perceptíveis com diferenças significativas (p<0,05) entre os mock-ups. Outro dado expressivo foi a diferença de percepção entre os grupos de sujeitos PM e UD. Estes resultados caracterizam as texturas das superfícies de contato de ferramentas manuais como elementos formais associados a certas percepções obtidas no uso do produto; e aponta possíveis contribuições de estudos sobre dimensionamento sensorial tátil para o design ergonômico de ferramentas manuais.
Researches in the area of ergonomic design have outlined parameters for the development of several products, through the study of the relationship of formal aspects of products and the perception or human physical requests. However, studies of the correlation of formal aspects of the contact surface (interfaces textures) with human perception in the use of hand tools are still incipient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of three formal characteristics of texture (layout, graphic density, depth) with the perception of discomfort and pleasantness, in order to understand the tactile sensorial dimensioning in hand tools. Therefore, the evaluation phase of the method SEQUAM, with use of 8 mock-ups of nail hammers with distinct texture configurations applied to their cables. The use simulations were performed with carpentry professionals and home users. The results of this experimental approach demonstrated that the characteristics of layout, graphic density and depth interfere in the perception of the user; and that among these three characteristics the graphical density of the grooves presented a greater number of perceptible aspects with significant differences (p <0.05) between the mock-ups. Another expressive data was the difference of perception between the groups of subjects, carpentry professionals and home users. These results characterize the textures of contact surfaces of hand tools as formal elements associated with certain perceptions obtained in the use of the product; and points out possible contributions of studies on tactile sensorial dimensioning for the ergonomic design of hand tools.
FAPEAM: 2800/2011
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Venturin, Arlete. "Jardim sensorial e práticas pedagógicas em educação ambiental." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2012. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/290.
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O trabalho intitulado “Jardim Sensorial e Práticas Pedagógicas em Educação Ambiental” relata uma pesquisa desenvolvida em uma escola privada localizada na cidade de Pato Branco, Paraná. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar práticas pedagógicas conduzidas por docentes em um Jardim Sensorial implantado nesta escola, com o intuito de identificar possíveis relações entre as práticas desenvolvidas pelos docentes e diferentes perspectivas de Educação Ambiental no Brasil, ainda que as atividades não fossem pensadas explicitamente como de Educação Ambiental. Neste texto apresentamos um breve histórico dos jardins ambientais e sensoriais no Brasil, bem como apresentamos uma revisão de estudos que tenham discutido a utilização desses espaços para o desenvolvimento de práticas pedagógicas. Focalizamos teoricamente a Educação Ambiental, situando-a historicamente no contexto da crise ambiental. Contemplamos algumas considerações teóricas sobre as atuais tendências dessa educação no país. Os dados foram coletados mediante observação participante e entrevistas com professores e alunos após as práticas desenvolvidas no Jardim Sensorial. O desenvolvimento das práticas pedagógicas pelos professores utilizando esse espaço suscitou questões e reflexões que poderiam ser consideradas do âmbito da Educação Ambiental, as quais talvez não tivessem aparecido se tais práticas tivessem sido desenvolvidas em sala de aula. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para a importância de os professores estarem preparados para uma atuação pedagógica que extrapole os limites de suas disciplinas de formação, no sentido da interdisciplinaridade e para a pertinência da transversalidade na Educação Ambiental. Acreditamos que as práticas desenvolvidas no Jardim Sensorial e relatadas nesta dissertação, por mais simples que tenham sido, encaminharam alunos e professores ao desenvolvimento de uma visão mais crítica sobre o meio ambiente. Por fim, o trabalho demonstra que a utilização de ambientes diferentes dos convencionais em práticas pedagógicas pode propiciar aprendizado e crescimento mútuo entre docentes e discentes, bem como promover uma Educação Ambiental de forma criativa, na direção contrária das práticas pontuais e sem sentido, as quais têm pouco ou nenhum impacto duradouro.This work entitled Sensory Garden and Pedagogical Practices in Environment Education reports a research developed in a Private School located in Pato Branco, Paraná. The study aimed to analyze pedagogical practices conducted by teachers in a sensory garden installed in this school, in order to identify possible relationship between the practices developed by teachers and different perspectives on Environment Education in Brazil, even though the activities were not designated explicitly to Environment Education. In this dissertation we present a brief history of environmental and sensory in Brazil and make a revision of studies that have discussed the use of these spaces to the development of pedagogical practices. We focus theoretically the Environment Education, situating it historically in the context of environment crisis. We contemplate some theoretical considers about current trends in this education in Brazil. The data were collected through participant observation and surveys with teachers and students after the practices developed in the sensory garden. The development of pedagogical practices by teachers using this place raised questions and reflections that could be considered the scope of environmental education, which might have not appeared if such practices have been developed in classroom. Finally, this work demonstrates that the use of different spaces in pedagogical practices can promote mutual growth and learning between teachers and students, as well as promote Environmental Education in a creative way, in the opposite direction of the specific practices and meaningless, which have little or no lasting impact.
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Hanke, Timo [Verfasser], Erwin [Akademischer Betreuer] Biebl, Erwin [Gutachter] Biebl, and Walter [Gutachter] Stechele. "Virtual Sensorics: Simulated Environmental Perception for Automated Driving Systems / Timo Hanke ; Gutachter: Erwin Biebl, Walter Stechele ; Betreuer: Erwin Biebl." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2020. http://d-nb.info/121389896X/34.
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Amaral, da silva Everton Sidnei. "Design, Technologie et Perception : Mise en relation du design sensoriel, sémantique et émotionnel avec la texture et les matériaux." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0063/document.
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Ce travail de recherche a pour objectif général de proposer un modèle de mise en relation du design émotionnel avec la macrotexture et les matériaux pour aider les concepteurs à la sélection de finitions pour les produits industriels. Cette modélisation vise à valoriser le produit à travers l’exploration des mécanismes sensoriels, sémantiques et émotionnels, qui interviennent lors de la perception du produit par le consommateur. Le processus perceptif est ainsi pris en compte à travers différents modalités sensorielles de manière à enrichir le processus de conception. Le secteur d’application de notre recherche a été le secteur automobile, avec le produit « volant ». Ce produit a été analysé dans la catégorie Grand Public. Dans cette catégorie, les matériaux ont été analysés sur un ensemble de 7 différents modèles de volants avec une population française et brésilienne. Par ailleurs, différents paramètres techniques tels que, la dureté, la rugosité et la dissipation thermique, ont été pris en compte dans la mise en relation pour renforcer la communication entre les domaines du Design et l’IngénierieThis research has the overall goal to propose a model linking emotional design with macrotexture and materials to help designers in the selection of finishes for industrial products. This model aims to promote the product through the exploration of sensory, semantic and emotional mechanisms, involved in the perception of the product by the consumer. The perceptive process is thus considered through different sensory modalities to enrich the design process. The application sector of our research was the automotive sector, with the product "steering wheel". This product was analyzed in the General Public category. In this category, the materials were analyzed within a set of 7 different steering wheels models by a population of French and Brazilian users. Moreover, different technical parameters such as, hardness, roughness and heat dissipation have been taken into account in the linking to strengthen communication between the fields of Design and Engineering
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Martins, Renato José 1986. "Explorando redundâncias e restrições entre odometrias e sensores absolutos em localização robótica terrestre." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/261567.
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Orientadores: Paulo Augusto Valente Ferreira, Samuel Siqueira BuenoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação
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Resumo: Esta dissertação tem como escopo o tema de localização de um veículo terrestre que evolui em ambiente externo. O trabalho consiste no desenvolvimento de técnicas de percepção sensorial capazes de fornecer estimativas de pose (posição e orientação), aspecto fundamental para toda tarefa de navegação robótica. Sucintamente, os enfoques abordados utilizam-se de diferentes classes de sensores como encoders, lasers, GPS e suas combinações, de maneira a minimizar as incertezas intrínsecas de cada sensor. A principal contribuição do trabalho está em uma nova formulação de odometria por otimização, bem como suas extensões para a estimação concomitante de polarizações. É apresentado também um esquema de estimação determinística de poses em batelada no contexto da fusão odometria-GPS, além da definição de mapeamentos por funções suaves que viabilizam o uso de medidas de orientação descontínuas. As metodologias são formuladas, avaliadas em simulação e validadas experimentalmente com a plataforma robótica do projeto VERO (Veículo Robótico de Exterior) do CTI Renato Archer
Abstract: This dissertation addresses the problem of localizing a ground vehicle that navigates in an outdoor environment. The work consists in the development of sensorial perception and odometry techniques capable of furnishing pose estimates (position and attitude), a fundamental aspect of any robotic navigation task. In short, we focus on exploring different sensor classes, such as encoders, lasers, GPSs, and their combinations, in order to minimize the intrinsic uncertainties of each sensor. The main contribution of the work is a new odometry formulation and its extension for simultaneous bias estimation. We also present a deterministic batch estimation framework for the odometry-GPS fusion, as well as the definition of mappings by smooth functions of the orientation state component that allow the use of discontinuous heading measures. Methodologies are formulated, analysed in simulation and experimentaly validated using the VERO ("VEículo RObótico de Exterior", in Portuguese) robotic platform
Mestrado
Automação
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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Ghallabi, Farouk. "Precise self-localization of autonomous vehicles using lidar sensors and highly accurate digital maps on highway roads." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLM028.
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Dans le cadre de cette thèse, un système de perception à base d’un capteur LIDAR et un système de localisation sur une carte numérique très précise ont été développés dans le contexte des développements des véhicules autonomes. Le système de perception proposé utilise les données 3D augmentées par la réflectivité du LiDAR afin de détecter les marquages au sol, les barrières, les panneaux de signalisation et les rétro-reflecteurs placés sur les barrières ou rails de sécurité dans un environnement autoroutier. Les objets détectés sont ensuite recalés par rapport à une carte numérique très précise. Cette dernière contient les lignes de marquage dans un format spécifique, les panneaux de signalisation ainsi que d’autres attributs sémantiques. Le recalage est assuré via une implémentation d’un filtre particulaire auquel nous avons effectué des améliorations pour optimiser la distribution des particules sans pour autant en modifier le nombre. Cette méthode est appelée: la mise à jour contrainte du filtre. Pour évaluer la méthode proposée, nous avons utilisé un système de navigation satellitaire (GNSS) avec correction RTK comme une vérité terrain et nous avons adopté différentes métriques pour montrer la précision de notre système. Les expériences ont été menées sur deux autoroutes: une piste de test propre à Renault et un tronçon d’environ 50 kilomètres sur route ouverte. Les résultats sont prometteurs et montrent la faisabilité d’un système de localisation fondé sur des LiDARs seuls et avec une représentation éparse des données (sous forme d’amers plutôt que la totalité du nuage de points)In this thesis, we address the problem of accurate localization of autonomous vehicles on highway roads using LiDAR sensors and a highly accurate third party map. The proposed approach is based on two core modules: perception and map-matching. The perception module uses the 3D data enhanced by the LiDAR reflectivity to detect road primitive features: lane markings, barriers, traffic signs and guardrail reflectors. The map-matching module incorporates these measurements and aligns them against a highly accurate third party map. The map-matching is performed using a particle filter, which we have improved in order to deal with the particle deprivation problem. The proposed improvement uses the road geometry in order to optimize the spatial distribution of particles while maintaining the number of particles constant. To evaluate the proposed method, we compared the localization outputs of our system to a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) with RTK corrections (ground truth). Experiments have been conducted on two highway roads. The first is an experimental test track (CTA2) of 5 km long located at CTA, Renault’s Aubevoye’s Technical Center. This track is designed to exactly replicate a two-lane highway environment. The second is a section of the A13 highway, running from Paris and ending at Aubevoye. The results are promising and show the feasibility of a localization system based on LiDARs alone and with a sparse map data representation
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Ballester, Jordi. "Mise en évidence d'un espace sensoriel et caractérisation des marqueurs relatifs à l'arôme des vins issus du cépage Chardonnay." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS055.
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Defelippe, Raisa Coppola. "Tradução e adaptação cultural para a língua portuguesa do Brasil do Sensory Perception Quotient (SPQ)." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2016. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/2961.
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Considering that approximatelly 90% of individuals with ASD show some deficit in sensory perception and the adition of atypical sensory criteria in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, the fifith edition (DSM-5) for diagnosis of ASD, there is a need to have instruments that can access this constructs enabiling more research. Many exiting instruments are questionnaires for parents, and most of them focus on children, therefore little is known about sensory perception in adults. Given the lack of brazilian intruments to evaluate the hability of sensory processing and questionnaires that can access the real experience of who lives this reality, this study aims to translate to brazilian portuguese and culturally adapt the Sensory Perception Quotient, an instrument of self report that can access sensory reactivity in adults, evaluating five basic modalities, that can be hypo or hyper –reactive, avoiding value judgment. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to translate to brazilian portuguese and adapt culturally to the brazilian culture of the Sensory Perception Quotient, conducting a study within a scope of a non-experimental non-longitudinal descriptive research, and the following steps: translation, back-translation, revision by a specialist comittee on analysis, evaluation of he scoring and the verification of the instrument’s internal consistency. Sample was constituied of 87 participants, ages 18 to 52 years. The results obtained by the application of total questionnaire translated and adapted, already modified in 53 questions in relation to it’s original version, aloud to notice that it is understandable and shows intern consistency little under of desirable, having only the short version with desirable intern consistency. These observations indicate that the search for evidence of validy of the short version of the instrument, realized through new researches, with other applications of the translated version and adapted in this study, will make it possible to applicate in Brazil. Is recommened caution with full questionnaire in the disscution part of this study.
Considerando-se o fato de que aproximadamente 90% dos indivíduos com TEA mostram algum déficit na percepção sensorial junto ao fato da inclusão do critério sensorial atípico no Manual de Diagnóstico e Estatística dos Transtornos Mentais 5.ª edição (DSM-5) para diagnóstico de TEA, há necessidade de se ter instrumentos que possam acessar esses constructos possibilitando mais pesquisas. Muitos instrumentos existentes são questionários para pais, e a maioria se volta para crianças, assim pouco se sabe sobre a percepção sensorial em adultos. Diante da falta de instrumentos brasileiros para avaliar a habilidade de processamento sensorial e questionários que possam acessar a experiência daquele que vive diretamente essa realidade, este estudo objetivou traduzir para o português do Brasil e adaptar culturalmente o Sensory Perception Quotient, um instrumento de auto relato que acessa a reatividade sensorial em adultos, avaliando as cinco modalidades básicas, podendo ser hipo ou hiper-reativo, evitando julgamento de valores. O presente estudo se encaixa no modelo de pesquisa não experimental, transversal, descritiva, contendo os seguintes passos: tradução, retrotradução, revisão por um comitê de especialistas, avaliação das pontuações e verificação da consistência interna do instrumento. A amostra foi constituída de 87 participantes, com idades entre 18 a 52 anos. Os resultados obtidos através da aplicação do questionário total traduzido e adaptado, já com mudanças em 53 perguntas em relação à versão original, permitiram observar que ele é compreensível e apresenta consistência interna pouco abaixo do desejável, apenas com a versão reduzida (short) possuindo consistência interna adequada. Essas observações indicam que a busca de evidências de validade do instrumento da versão reduzida, realizada através de novas pesquisas, com outras aplicações da versão traduzida e adaptada neste estudo poderá tornar possível sua utilização no Brasil. Recomenda-se cautela maior com o questionário total na discussão do trabalho.
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Filali, Mohammed. "Influences de lésions neuropathologiques cérébelleuses sur les processus de l'apprentissage instrumental et sensori-moteur chez différents mutants neurologiques de souris." Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10291.
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De nombreuses données issues de la pathologie humaine et de l'expérimentation animale soulignent l’importance du cervelet dans les processus d'apprentissage et de mémorisation. Dans cette étude, nous avons tenté de préciser les rapports qui s'établissent entre la modulation de l'activité cérébelleuse et les processus d'apprentissage. Pour cela, nous avons choisi de montrer les conséquences fonctionnelles de dégénérescences génétiques précoces des cellules des voies afférentes et efférentes du cervelet. Trois modèles biologiques nous ont servi à aborder notre problématique: La souris Staggerer, la souris Lurcher et la souris hot-foot. Dans ces modèles le cervelet est altéré; il diffère par sa composition cellulaire et sa morphologie tissulaire. On note une dégénérescence massive des cellules en grains et de Purkinje du cervelet ainsi que des neurones de l'olive bulbaire inférieure chez les souris staggerer et Lurcher. Chez les souris hot-foot, la dégénérescence des cellules cérébelleuses est plus modérée; par contre. Il existe une anomalie dans les relations entre les cellules en grains et Les cellules de Purkinje. Les principaux résultats obtenus montrent que : 1 - La neuropathologie cérébelleuse, chez les animaux mutants, ralentit l'acquisition du comportement d'orientation spatiale. Cette perturbation parait être le résultat d'un dysfonctionnement dans le traitement des informations spatiales et des processus de l'inhibition interne au niveau du cervelet. 2 - La voie fibres moussues-cellules en grains-fibres parallèles joue un rôle important dans l'acquisition de l'apprentissage spatial. 3 - La neuropathologie cérébelleuse, chez les animaux mutants, ne semble pas intervenir de façon majeure dans l'acquisition de l'apprentissage sensori-moteur. 4 - Les faibles performances réalisées par les animaux mutants lors de l'apprentissage du comportement d'équilibration ne sont dues qu'au déficit moteur lié à la lésion.
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Sena, Miguel Maurice Nunes Harrington. "You hate what you drink, you love what you don´t." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6286.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em MarketingAlthough a considerable amount of research into beer consumer behavior has been conducted in several countries, no publicly available such study performed in Portugal has been found. The aim of this research is to understand young consumers' perceptions regarding six brands available in Portuguese retailers and to compare the results with other studies. In this research the author developed a conceptual framework and defined hypotheses, permitting an answer to the purpose of this investigation. Different techniques for collecting data such as surveys and experimentations were used and analysed statistically. The findings suggest that the presence of the brand and packaging are determinant in the formation of consumers' sensorial expectations and play a central role in consumers' evaluation, even if those attributes are not recognized as more important in consumers'perspectives. The majority of participants were unable to Recognize their favourite brand in the blind-test evaluation, and the two brands that were rated in last positions in the survey climbed to the top when they were not identifiable, even if in consumers'perspectives the taste is the most important attribute when choosing a beer. The main beneficiaries of the research should be breweries and, more precisely, marketing and brand managers because it provides important insights into the attributes young consumers value most and suggests strategies for marketing and advertising campaigns. The research can also provide an academic contribution because it specifies the processes to conduct blind test experimentations and suggests further studies based on the investigation results. It also, once again, makes obvious the importance of brand awareness.
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Cao, Peng [Verfasser], Hermann [Akademischer Betreuer] Winner, and Arno [Akademischer Betreuer] Eichberger. "Modeling Active Perception Sensors for Real-Time Virtual Validation of Automated Driving Systems / Peng Cao ; Hermann Winner, Arno Eichberger." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162621664/34.
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Maillard, Mickaël Gaussier Philippe. "Formalisation de la perception comme dynamique sensori-motrice application dans un cadre de reconnaissance d'objets par un robot autonome /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/07CERG0348.pdf.
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Preamechai, Sarawut. "Dispositifs architecturaux et mouvements qualifiés : recherche exploratoire sur les conduites sensori-motrices des passants dans les espaces publics intermédiaires." Phd thesis, Grenoble 2, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00087820.
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Cette recherche questionne l'interaction entre l'espace construit et les usagers, enentrant particulièrement par l'expérience vécue de ceux-ci. Le champ d'étude principal
s'établit en particulier autour de la question des mouvements situés des usagers dans
l'espace public urbain, plus précisément dans les espaces publics intermédiaires. Nous
cherchons à comprendre comment l'espace construit est mis à l'épreuve par la pratique
des usagers. Nous faisons l'hypothèse que la qualité de mouvement des passants peut
révéler les formes physiques et sensibles de l'espace. Ainsi, elle comporterait une sorte
de validation des qualités potentielles de l'espace construit. Pour cela, la mobilité
corporelle est un élément d'étude essentiel d'un point de vue à la fois analytique et
méthodologique. Elle nous permet d'appréhender, d'une part la qualité d'ambiances de
l'espace construit, et d'autre part la qualité pratique de celui-ci. En ce qui concerne les
résultats de cette recherche, nous proposons un répertoire de phénomènes sensorimoteurs,
afin d'ébaucher un outil pratique pour la conception architecturale et urbaine.
Ce répertoire est constitué des diverses façons dont l'espace construit est perçu et
ressenti à travers les expériences vécues des passants.
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Boucenna, Sofiane. "De la reconnaissance des expressions faciales à une perception visuelle partagée : une architecture sensori-motrice pour amorcer un référencement social d'objets, de lieux ou de comportements." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00660120.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse se concentre sur les interactions émotionnelles en robotique autonome. Le robot doit pouvoir agir et réagir dans un environnement naturel et faire face à des perturbations imprédictibles. Il est donc nécessaire que le robot puisse acquérir une autonomie comportementale à savoir la capacité d'apprentissage et d'adaptation en ligne. En particulier, nous nous proposons d'étudier quels mécanismes introduire pour que le robot ait la capacité de se constituer une perception des objets de son environnement qui puisse être partagée par celle d'un partenaire humain. Le problème sera de faire apprendre à notre robot à préférer certains objets et à éviter d'autres objets. La solution peut être trouvée en psychologie dans ce que l'on appelle "référencement social" ("social referencing") qui consiste à attribuer une valeur à un objet grâce à l'interaction avec un partenaire humain. Dans ce contexte, notre problème est de trouver comment un robot peut apprendre de manière autonome à reconnaître les expressions faciales d'un partenaire humain pour ensuite les utiliser pour donner une valence aux objets et permettre leur discrimination. Nous nous intéresserons à comprendre comment des interactions émotionnelles avec un partenaire peuvent amorcer des comportements de complexité croissante tel que le référencement social. Notre idée est que le référencement social aussi bien que la reconnaissance d'expressions faciales peut émerger d'une architecture sensori-motrice. Sans connaissance de ce que l'autre est, le robot devrait réussir à apprendre des tâches "sociales" de plus en plus complexes. Nous soutenons l'idée que le référencement social peut être amorcé par une simple cascade d'architectures sensori-motrices qui à la base ne sont pas dédiées aux interactions sociales. Cette thèse traite de plusieurs sujets qui ont comme dénominateur commun l'interaction sociale. Nous proposons tout d'abord une architecture capable d'apprendre à reconnaître de manière autonome des expressions faciales primaires grâce à un jeu d'imitation entre une tête expressive et un expérimentateur. Les interactions avec le dispositif robotique commençeraient par l'apprentissage de 5 expressions faciales prototypiques. Nous proposons ensuite une architecture capable de reproduire des mimiques faciales ainsi que leurs différents niveaux d'intensité. La tête expressive pourra reproduire des expressions secondaires par exemple une joie mêlée de colère. Nous verrons également que la discrimination de visages peut émerger de cette interaction émotionnelle à l'aide d'une rythmicité implicite qui se crée entre l'homme et le robot. Enfin, nous proposerons un modèle sensori-moteur ayant la capacité de réaliser un référencement social. Trois situations ont pu être testées: 1) un bras robotique capable d'attraper et de fuir des objets selon les interactions émotionnelles venant du partenaire humain. 2) un robot mobile capable de rejoindre ou d'éviter certaines zones de son environnement. 3) une tête expressive capable d'orienter son regard dans la même direction que l'humain tout ! en attribuant des valeurs émotionnelles aux objets via l'interaction expressive de l'expérimentateur. Nous montrons ainsi qu'une séquence développementale peut émerger d'une interaction émotionnelle de très bas niveau et que le référencement social peut s'expliquer d'abord à un niveau sensori-moteur sans nécessiter de faire appel à un modèle de théorie de l'esprit.
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Valentini, Silvia Maria Ribeiro. "Os sentidos da paisagem." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16135/tde-01022013-143130/.
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Esta pesquisa investiga a percepção espacial que pessoas com deficiência visual têm da paisagem urbana. Compreende igualmente a sociabilidade das pessoas cegas com outros cidadãos, trazendo as questões do afeto, do conflito, do estranhamento, do estigma e do preconceito. Procura identificar os mecanismos subjetivos e emocionais de valoração do espaço que surgem durante os percursos, sem esquecer as condições físicas em que eles são feitos. Busca no reconhecimento de suas memórias os valores e a afeição pela paisagem. Entendendo que a paisagem é patrimônio coletivo e de partilha, pessoas cegas reclamam um tratamento igual de cidadãos e o acesso a ela, de maneira plena e independente. Pessoas com deficiência visual querem ser ouvidas e percebidas na cidade pelos seus talentos e capacidades, enquanto que a população insiste em reconhecê-las e rotulá-las apenas pelo que lhes falta.This work researches the spatial perception that visual impaired persons have of the urban landscape. It also covers the social interactions of blind people with other citizens, discussing aspects of sympathy, conflicts, stigma, and prejudice. Furthermore, it seeks to identify the emotional - and subjective - mechanisms of evaluating the space that arise through the pathways, not disregarding its physical attributions. In addition it looks for the remembrance of values and affection towards the landscape. Based on the understanding that the urban landscape is a public and shared heritage, the visual impaired person claim equal treatment of citizens and independent access to it. People with visual impairment want to be heard and accepted for their talent and potential, while the population insists in recognizing and labeling them only for their disability.
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Vallet, Guillaume. "Une approche incarnée du vieillissement normal et pathologique : compréhension du fonctionnement mnésique selon les interactions entre mémoire et perception." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29087/29087.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Le vieillissement et la maladie d’Alzheimer sont caractérisés par des difficultés
mnésiques essentiellement épisodiques. Ces difficultés sont associées à leurs altérations
sensorielles et perceptives. Ces liens s’expliqueraient naturellement par les approches
incarnées de la cognition qui définissent des propriétés et processus communs entre
mémoire et perception. Ces approches supposent une émergence dynamique des connaissances
à partir d’un système de mémoire unique dans lequel les connaissances sont
définies comme ancrées dans leurs propriétés modales, essentiellement celles sensorimotrices.
À travers la nature des interactions multisensorielles pour des connaissances
familières, ce travail de thèse propose de tester les approches incarnées de la cognition
auprès de jeunes adultes, personnes âgées saines et patients souffrant de la maladie
d’Alzheimer. Ces interactions sont supposées être indirectes et sémantiques dans les
approches multisystémiques, alors qu’elles seraient directes et perceptives pour les approches
incarnées. Deux séries d’expériences ont été conduites. Pour chacune d’elle,
une batterie complète de tests neuropsychologiques ainsi qu’un paradigme d’amorçage
inter-sensoriel (audition vers vision) ont été complétés. L’originalité du paradigme fut
l’ajout, pour la moitié des amorces auditives, d’un masque visuel sans signification.
L’Expérience 1 reposait sur un format à long terme – deux phases distinctes – alors
que l’Expérience 2 sur un format à court terme – amorce et cible présentées dans un
même essai. Cette adaptation permet la manipulation de la congruence sémantique afin
de tester plus précisément le rôle de l’attention dans ces interactions multisensorielles.
Les résultats démontrent un effet d’amorçage inter-sensoriel pour les jeunes adultes et
les personnes âgées. Le masque a interféré avec cet effet d’amorçage, mais uniquement
lorsque l’amorce et la cible correspondent à une même connaissance. Cette interférence
et sa spécificité supportent l’hypothèse d’interactions multisensorielles directes et perceptives
ce qui suggèrent que les jeunes adultes comme les personnes âgées auraient
des connaissances modales. En revanche, les patients Alzheimer ne présentent pas
d’effet d’amorçage alors que celui-ci est de nature perceptive (effet du masque). Ces
résultats supportent l’idée d’une déconnexion cérébrale dans la maladie d’Alzheimer.
L’ensemble des données permet de supposer que les difficultés mnésiques dans le vieillissement
s’expliqueraient essentiellement par une dégradation de la qualité de leurs
connaissances, et donc de leur perception. Les troubles mnésiques dans la maladie
d’Alzheimer proviendraient quant à eux d’un déficit d’(ré)-intégration dynamique des
différentes composantes des connaissances. Cette recherche supporte les approches incarnées
de la cognition et démontre la pertinence de ces approches pour des problématiques
neuropsychologiques comme celle du vieillissement. Ces approches ouvrent la
voie à de nouvelles recherches plaçant les interactions entre mémoire et perception au
coeur du fonctionnement mnésique.Normal aging as Alzheimer’s disease are characterized by memory disorders, primarily for episodic memory. These two populations also present a sensory and perceptive decline, which are strongly correlated with their cognitive impairment. The links between memory and perception may be easily explained in the embodied cognition theory. Indeed, embodiment states that knowledge dynamically emerges from a single memory system in which knowledge remains grounded in its properties, essentially sensory-motor properties. Consequently, perception and memory are closer than previously thought and the links between perception and memory moving to the foreground. The objective of the present research is to assess the embodied cognition theory applied to normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease. To this aim, the nature of the semantic multisensory interactions was tested. According to the multiple memory systems framework, these interactions are indirect and semantic, whereas the embodied cognition theory states that these interactions are direct and perceptual. Young adults, healthy elderly and patients with Alzheimer’s disease completed two experiments. Each experiment was composed of a complete neuropsychological battery and one cross-modal priming paradigm (audition to vision). The novelty of the paradigm was to present a visual meaningless mask for half of the sound primes. Experiment 1 was composed of two distinct phases, whereas the prime and the target were presented in the same trial in Experiment 2. The adaptation of the paradigm in Experiment 2 allowed manipulating the semantic congruency in order to test the attention hypothesis that might underlie the cross-modal interactions. The results demonstrated a significant cross-modal priming effect in young and healthy elderly adults. The mask has interfered with the priming effect only in the semantic congruent situations. The mask interference and its specificity support the direct and perceptual nature hypothesis of the semantic multisensory interactions. This is suggesting that young and elderly adults have modal knowledge. Reversely, the patients with Alzheimer’s disease did not show any priming effect while the effect is perceptual. This result supports the cerebral disconnection hypothesis in Alzheimer’s disease. The data taken together suggest that memory disorders in normal aging could be related to a degradation of the quality of their perception and thus of knowledge. Memory impairments in Alzheimer’s disease might come from an integration disorder to bind dynamically the different components of a memory. The present research support the embodied cognition theory and demonstrates the interest of this kind of approach to explore memory functioning in neuropsychology, such as in aging. These approaches open new avenues of research by focusing on processes rather than systems and by putting on the foreground the interactions between memory and perception.
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Boyer, Eric. "Continuous auditory feedback for sensorimotor learning." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066165/document.
Full textAbstract:
Notre système sensorimoteur a développé une relation particulière entre nos actions et le retour sonore qui en découle. Les systèmes de captation gestuelle et les technologies audio permettent de manipuler ce retour sonore par la sonification interactive du mouvement. Nous explorons dans divers cadres expérimentaux la contribution de la sonification à l'apprentissage moteur dans les systèmes interactifs. Tout d'abord, nous montrons que le système auditif intègre des indices acoustiques issus du mouvement pour le contrôle moteur. Des représentations de l'espace émergent de ces indices et sont transformées en commandes motrices. Le cas d'un objet virtuel sonore nous apprend que ces représentations audiomotrices influencent les stratégies d'exploration et permettent des cas de substitution sensorielle par le son. Ensuite, nous mesurons qu'un retour sonore continu permet d'améliorer significativement la performance à une tâche de poursuite. La sonification de l'erreur et des paramètres de la tâche aident à la performance mais montrent des effets différents sur l'apprentissage. Nous observons également que la sonification du mouvement de l'utilisateur augmente l'énergie contenue dans le geste et prévient la dépendance au retour sonore. Enfin, nous présentons le concept de tâche sonore dans lequel la cible est présentée et s'exprime sous forme de paramètres sonores à reproduire. Les résultats montrent qu'une adaptation motrice peut être provoquée par des indices acoustiques seuls. Ce travail permet de dégager des principes importants du design de l'interaction geste-son, et présente des applications originales comme des scénarios interactifs pour la rééducationOur sensorimotor system has developed a specific relationship between our actions and their sonic outcomes, which it interprets as auditory feedback. The development of motion sensing and audio technologies allows emphasizing this relationship through interactive sonification of movement. We propose several experimental frameworks (visual, non-visual, tangible, virtual) to assess the contribution of sonification to sensorimotor control and learning in interactive systems. First, we show that the auditory system integrates dynamic auditory cues for online motor control, either from head or hand movements. Auditory representations of space and of the scene can be built from audio features and transformed into motor commands. The framework of a virtual sonic object illustrates that auditory-motor representations can shape exploratory movement features and allow for sensory substitution. Second, we measure that continuous auditory feedback in a tracking task helps significantly the performance. Both error and task sonification can help performance but have different effects on learning. We also observe that sonification of user’s movement can increase the energy of produced motion and prevent feedback dependency. Finally, we present the concept of sound-oriented task, where the target is expressed as acoustic features to match. We show that motor adaptation can be driven by interactive audio cues only. In this work, we highlight important guidelines for sonification design in auditory-motor coupling research, as well as applications through original setups we developed, like perceptual and physical training, and playful gesture-sound interactive scenarios for rehabilitation