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Ponder, Rochelle. "Equal But Separate: The Disproportionate Representation of African American Students in Special Education." ScholarWorks, 2016. http://moderndayconductors.com/equal-but-separate/.
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African American students are 4 times more likely to be placed in special education than are their European American peers. The purpose of the study was to determine whether the application of professional development (PD) would change teachers' attitudes toward African American students who were achieving below grade level. Teachers in one school district received PD; the teachers in a separate school district did not receive PD. Bandura's social learning theory and Kunjufu's Afrocentric curriculum served as the theoretical framework. A preexperimental design and a static group comparison were used. The sample comprised 83 teachers, with 52 (63%) from the school district that received PD and 31 (37%) from the other school district. An amended version of the 21-item Teacher Attitude Survey, which measures teachers' attitudes toward low-achieving students, PD, and special education, was given to both groups after the treatment was applied to the first school district. Survey results were used to test 4 hypotheses: (a) There were no differences in teachers' attitudes toward achievement by district, (b) the amount of training on cultural sensitivity did not relate to teachers' attitudes toward achievement, (c) there were no differences in the average number of students referred to special education for each teacher by district, and (d) the amount of training on cultural sensitivity did not relate to the number of students referred to special education. Spearman's rho, t tests, and Mann-Whitney U test were applied. All but Null Hypothesis 3 failed to be rejected. Implications for positive social change begin with educating teachers about the effect of attitudes on the academic futures of African American students. Engagement in PD will begin the work of ensuring equity for all students in public education in the United States.
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Madhlopa, Amos. "Development of an advanced passive solar still with separate condenser." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510831.
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Wilson, Amy A. "Case Study of a Middle School Reader Attending a Separate Reading Class." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1499.pdf.
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Hendrickse, Nida. "Theoretical analysis of the development of events management as a separate discipline in South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2118.
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Thesis (MTech (Tourism and Hospitality Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2008.Event Management is a new medium, which has generated much enthusiasm from the events industry, as well as from the South African tourism industry, and is globally accepted as a developmental and marketing strategy from which destinations can benefit (Tassiopoulos, 2005: xiv). Event tourism has demonstrated significant growth and continues to expand as South Africa closes on hosting the 2010 Soccer World Cup. Events are different from permanent tourism attractions as they attract people to a shortlived, organised activity where visitors may participate, watch, view, learn and enjoy (Tassiopoulos, 2005: xiv). Event organisers have a number of goals and objectives that they need to achieve within stressful environments. Events offer unique opportunities to spread the tourism season for a particular destination and to promote destinations or attractions. They can also be used to stimulate demand by attracting extra, new or repeat visitors, while events can also be intended to generate additional revenue for a destination (Light, 1996:183). In order to ensure that events are successful, and to generate income for destinations, event practitioners are constantly under extreme pressure to perform. A combination of knowledge and skills is required to empower event practitioners to contribute to the industry and the community, at large. Therefore, tertiary institutions, such as the Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), should encourage active learning, facilitation, research, practical experience and engagement with its surrounding communities. This thesis focuses on a theoretical analysis of the events environment, as well as key factors that make this industry unique and justified as a separate discipline. The industry is hugely diverse and there are challenges, but prospective and current event practitioners who have established qualifications from registered institutions, can contribute to sustainable development and employment creation in South Africa. Carlos (2005: xi) states that for those who seek an exciting career, where their organisation skills and attention to detail along, with their creativity can be fully utilised, this would be their kind of industry; this is an industry that attracts several of the country's most vibrant students. Events Management is an industry, which is justified as a separate industry in South Africa.
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Sanders, Christine. "THE USE AND DEVELOPMENT OF LASER MICRODISSECTION TO SEPARATE SPERMATOZOA FROM EPITHELIAL CELLS FOR STR ANALYSIS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3869.
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Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis has become a valuable tool in identifying the source of biological stains, particularly from the investigation of sexual assault crimes. Difficulties in analysis arise primarily in the interpretation of mixed genotypes when cell separation of the sexual assailant's sperm from the victim's cells is incomplete. The forensic community continues to seek improvements in cell separation methods from mixtures for DNA typing. This report describes the use of laser microdissection (LMD) for the separation of pure populations of spermatozoa from two-donor cell mixtures. In this study, cell separation was demonstrated by microscopic identification of histologically stained spermatozoa and female buccal cell mixtures, and STR analysis of DNA obtained from the separated sperm cells. Clear profiles of the male donor were obtained with the absence of any additional alleles from the female donor. Five histological stains were evaluated for use with LMD and DNA analysis: hematoxylin/eosin, nuclear fast red/picroindigocarmine, methyl green, Wright's stain, and acridine orange. Hematoxylin/eosin out-performed all other stains however nuclear fast red/picroindigocarmine could be used satisfactorily with STR analysis. In addition, three DNA isolation methods were evaluated for LMD collected cells: QIAamp (Qiagen), microLYSIS (Microzone Ltd.) and Lyse-N-Go (Pierce Chemical Co.). MicroLYSIS performed poorly, yielding low levels of PCR product. Lyse-N-Go extraction was effective for the recovery of DNA from LMD collected sperm cells while QIAamp isolation performed best for the recovery of DNA from LMD collected epithelial cells. LMD is shown to be an effective, low-manipulation separation method that enables the recovery of sperm while excluding epithelial cell DNA.M.S.
Department of Chemistry
Arts and Sciences
Industrial Chemistry
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Sahani, Mazrura. "Separate realities : community-based environmental management for health from the 'inside-out' and 'outside-in' /." View thesis, 2002. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030731.102247/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, 2002."A doctoral thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury" Bibliography : p. 306-317.
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Sahani, Mazrura, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Environment and Agriculture. "Separate realities : community-based environmental management for health from the 'inside-out' and 'outside-in'." THESIS_CSTE_EAG_Sahani_M.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/131.
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Despite the tremendous achievement in economic development over the past four decades since independence, Malaysia is facing a problem of environmental degradation at a rapid pace. In searching for Malaysian approach to alter this trend, this thesis is written against a background of concern for a balanced development in economy and social wellbeing and simultaneously preserving the environment. The aim of the study is to identify an alternative approach in managing the local environment for health, starting from a value position of regard for local knowledge and abilities, and for scientists and administrators working together with local knowledge and abilities, and for scientists and administrators working together with local communities in their natural settings. Findings from this study offer a range of lessons for those who wish to integrate local and scientific knowledge. The research approach proved capable of documenting the separate realities of the place-based and the knowledge-based communities within a common interpretative framework. The place-based communities held realistic interpretations of their capacity to contribute to local sustainable development, distinct from one another and also distinct from the same events as perceived by the scientific community. The conclusion is drawn that each needs the other for any effective local application of scientific findings or government support. Finally, this has not been a study of top-down or bottom up but from the 'inside-out' with a small study of the 'outside-in.' It offers another perspective and an extra set of tools or strategies for the professionals' community to work with local communities in their environmental management for health. The desired outcome would be for the local communities to contribute as a full partner to the dominant scientific studies in designing local management strategies.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Nair, Deepa R. "Visual design versus development a case study presenting how XML and XSLT can separate presentation from data /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2001. http://etd.fcla.edu/etd/uf/2001/anp1594/thesis.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2001.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 86 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85).
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Sinioja, Tim. "Development of a Liquid Chromatography Method to Separate and Fractionate EPA’s 16 Priority Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-50962.
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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent, toxic and carcinogenic environmental pollutants consisting of two or more aromatic rings. The estimation of the toxicity of PAHs can be challenging and time-consuming due to the complexity of PAH-mixtures found in the environment, for example at contaminated sites. To solve the problem of a high complexity, PAH-mixtures can be divided into fractions. In the present study, Normal Phase (NP) and Reverse Phase (RP) Liquid Chromatography (LC) methods were evaluated and developed to separate and fractionate 16 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) priority PAHs. Two stationary and six mobile phases, different column temperatures, flow rates, injection volumes, gradient and isocratic elutions were evaluated in order to achieve the best separation and fractionation. Best separation of PAHs was achieved with the RP-LC method using a phenyl stationary phase and gradient elution with mixture of methanol, acetonitrile and water. Fractionation was performed based on PAHs’ retention time windows, as well as peaks’ threshold and slope values. The elution order of fractions was verified by identification and quantification of the PAHs by GC-MS. Fractionation of a soil extract with the developed RP-LC method resulted in successful separation and fractionation of five EPA’s priority PAHs naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene and chrysene, as well as two non-priority PAHs carbazole and 4H-Cyclopenta[d,e,f]phenanthrene. The study shows that developed RP-LC method can be further optimized to fractionate complex mixtures of alkyl substituted, oxygenated and other polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs).
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McBryde, John. "The bipartite development of men's and women's field hockey in Canada in the context of separate international hockey federations." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26352.
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The purpose of this thesis was to describe and explain the bipartite development of men's and women's field hockey in Canada. Because this could not be done in isolation from the context of separate international hockey federations, the thesis was presented in three parts.
In the first part, the evolution of hockey internationally, including the formation of separate federations, was described. In the second part, an historical account of the development of field hockey in Canada was narrated. The third section described the complex international organizational structure, and the connection between development in Canada and the international context. Critical factors and pervading influences which shaped the course of development, both internationally and in Canada, were identified.
The bipartite development of field hockey in Canada occurred in three phases. The initial phase represented the period following the foundation of an independent women's hockey association in England, a phenomenon which occurred at the same time as organized field hockey was introduced to Canada. An intermediate phase began when field hockey organizations in Canada first made contact with international federations. The final phase encompassed the years of considerable interaction between the Canadian associations and their international counterparts.
The most significant factor in the creation of separate associations in Canada was the fact that the Canadian Field Hockey Association and the Canadian Women's Field Hockey Association were founded at a time when the international federations were proceeding not only independently, but with contrasting practices regarding affiliation and competition.Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
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Arjun, Jessica. "The development and assessment of both a separate, once-daily modified release matrix formulation of metoprolol tartrate and a combination formulation with hydrochlorothiazide." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003220.
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The use of controlled release dosage forms has increased significantly in recent years as they result in increased patient compliance and higher therapeutic efficiency. This research focused on the development of a once daily dosage form that could be used for the treatment of hypertension. Both a separate sustained release dosage of metoprolol tartrate and a combination dosage form that included both an immediate release hydrochlorothiazide and a sustained release metoprolol component, were developed and evaluated. A matrix tablet, consisting of an ethylcellulose ranulation of metoprolol tartrate compressed into a hydrophilic hydroxypropyl methylcellulose polymer matrix, effectively sustained metoprolol release over a 22-hour experimental period. A multiparticulate combination dosage form that consisted of six coated mini matrix tablets of metoprolol and a powder blend of hydrochlorothiazide packed into a gelatin capsule, displayed zero order release kinetics for metoprolol release over 22 hours (r2=0.9946). The release of hydrochlorothiazide was found to be comparable to that of a commercially available product tested. Differential Scanning Calorimetry was used to identify possible incompatibilities between MPTA and excipients initially, and long term stability testing was used to assess to behaviour of the dosage form. Dissolution testing of the dosage forms was performed using USP Apparatus III, which was found to be more discriminating between the batches assessed. Dissolution curves were evaluated for similarity and difference using f1 and f2 fit factors. Samples were analyzed using a high performance liquid chromatographic method that was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of the compounds of interest. Various factors influencing drug release from the developed dosage forms were assessed and recommendations for further optimization of the formulation are made. Factors evaluated included the quantity of granulating fluid, matrix polymer content, drug load and process variables, including drying time and compression force. The influence of various coating levels on drug release was assessed and none of the levels assessed were found to adequately retarded drug release over a 22-hour period. Combinations of tablets coated to different levels allowed for the successful development of a sustained release metoprolol component, which could be included into the combination dosage form.
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Ayto, Jennifer. "The contribution by women to the social and ecomomic development of the Victorian town in Hertfordshire." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/10619.
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This study focuses on the role and contribution of women in the context of the social and economic development of two towns in Hertfordshire during the nineteenth century. Although the age saw an increase in urbanisation, Hertfordshire remained an agricultural county with long established land owners, a middle class with influence in the towns and its closeness to London attracting the newly wealthy in search of a country estate. The towns selected for this study, Hertford and Hitchin, changed little in their character and, compared with others which experienced industrial expansion, saw a modest population growth. This, however, brought the consequential pressures on housing and poverty. This research is unique in combining the study of the activities of women and the challenges faced by two market towns over a period of time of change and thus making a contribution to the debate on the concept of “separate spheres” by demonstrating that women had a place in the public arena. The daily life of a country town was reliant on a thriving economic environment. As this research demonstrates, many women had trades and businesses, contributed to good causes and were central to the education of children and adults. Their philanthropic efforts supported the building and maintenance of churches, schools, and hospitals. It charts the role of ordinary women, operating in a small town environment, before extension of the suffrage and Equal Opportunities legislation established their position as legitimate influencers of policy and practice. Little work has been done on how the English small town coped with its growth in population and the summons from central government on compliance with an increasing body of legislation on how the town should be run. It was men who undertook the necessary offices associated with this seed of local government but a micro-history of the people who inhabited these two towns demonstrates that women made a significant contribution to social and economic life of these towns.
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Karanović, Vanja. "Early childhood bilingualism : a study of the development of the noun phrase in Bosnian and English in light of the 'single system' and the 'separate system' hypotheses." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/14163.
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This longitudinal study investigates the morphosyntactic development of the noun phrase in two young Bosnian/English bilingual children (both girls, aged 1.8 to 2.4). as well as their pragmatic development, in light of the 'single system' and the 'separate system' hypotheses. Although both of the children are acquiring the two languages simultaneously, the contexts of acquisition are different. Rina's parents speak different native languages - the mother speaks English and the father Bosnian - and claim that they employ the 'one person, one language' strategy when interacting with their daughter. The second child, Anya, is exposed to Bosnian at home, as both of her parents are native Bosnian speakers, and English only at the nursery. The relationship between the children's degree of mixing in the two languages and the discourse strategies employed by the parents/caretakers is also examined. The parental strategies are categorised as either being monolingual or bilingual (Lanza, 1992,1997a). Both the Minimal Grasp and the Expressed Guess Strategies are requests for clarification and are classified as monolingual strategies. The Minimal Grasp Strategy enables the parent or carer to negotiate a monolingual context with his or her child, thus feigning the role of a monolingual. With the Expressed Guess Strategy, it is the parent who attempts to reformulate the child's mixed utterance; he/she does not request that from the child, as is the case when a Minimal Grasp Strategy is employed. The last three strategies identified by Lanza ( 1992; 1997a) - Repetition Strategy, Move on Strategy and Code- Switching Strategy - are defined as being bilingual strategies, as they reveal the parent's bilingual identity by clearly indicating the parent's comprehension of the child's mixed utterance. The results show that both bilingual children are able to differentiate their two languages according to context (pragmatic differentiation), as well as structurally, from the earliest stages. There is appropriate inflectional marking within the noun phrase in Bosnian from the beginning, whereas marking is appropriately absent in English. The fact that the children are not recorded using either Bosnian inflections within an English noun phrase in the English context, or English inflections within a Bosnian noun phrase in the Bosnian context, thus serves as evidence for the 'separate system' hýpothesls. Further evidence is provided by the low percentage of mixed utterances in the data for both children. The presence of a slightly higher number of English, as well as mixed, utterances in Anya's data in the Bosnian context can be explained by the fact that the parents are found to be negotiating a bilingual context of interaction in the home, by using certain discourse strategies which signal to Anya that the use of English items in the Bosnian context is acceptable. On the other hand, a much lower number of mixed utterances is recorded in Rina's data. Rina's parents generally adhere to the 'one person, one language' strategy, although the mother employs more bilingual than monolingual strategies in response to the child's context-inappropriate language use than the father, resulting in a higher percentage of Bosnian utterances being recorded in the English context. These findings suggest that the parents' pragmatic choices may also have an influence on the language development of bilingual children.
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Filho, CÃsar Augusto Chaves e. Sousa. "Genetic algorithm for vehicle routing problem with heterogeneous fleet and separate collection and delivery: a case in the Secretariat of Labor and Social Development of the State of CearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=13744.
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A concern of logistics management is the correct and efficient use of the available fleet. The central focus of fleet management is determining the routes that will be used in customer service and the efficient allocation of available resources (vehicles). The correct fleet management can generate a competitive advantage. There is a problem in the Operations Research dedicated to working this type of situation, the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). The VRP tries to generate the most economical route to efficient use of the available fleet. The case study discussed in this work was a particular situation VRP where there is a heterogeneous fleet and where the collections and deliveries of passengers are carried at separate times. To solve this problem we designed a Genetic Algorithm. Additionally, three different crossover operators were tested in the search for better results. At the end of the study, the Genetic Algorithm was capable of solving the problem in a short time and finding the most economical way to generate routes, using efficiently the fleet and fulfilling all requests.Uma das preocupaÃÃes da gestÃo logÃstica à a correta e eficiente utilizaÃÃo da frota disponÃvel. O foco central da gestÃo da frota està em determinar as rotas que serÃo utilizadas no atendimento aos clientes e a alocaÃÃo eficiente dos recursos (veÃculos) disponÃveis. A gestÃo correta da frota pode gerar um diferencial competitivo. Existe na Pesquisa Operacional um problema dedicado a trabalhar este tipo de situaÃÃo, denominado Problema de Roteamento de VeÃculos (PRV). O PRV procura gerar a rota mais econÃmica com utilizaÃÃo eficiente da frota disponÃvel. No estudo de caso, realizado neste trabalho, foi abordada uma situaÃÃo particular do PRV onde hà uma frota heterogÃnea e as coletas e entregas de passageiros sÃo realizadas em momentos separados. Para a resoluÃÃo deste problema foi desenvolvido e implementado um Algoritmo GenÃtico (AG). Adicionalmente, trÃs operadores de cruzamento diferentes foram testados na busca dos melhores resultados encontrados pelo AG. Ao final, o Algoritmo GenÃtico conseguiu se mostrar capaz de resolver o problema em tempo hÃbil e de maneira a gerar rotas mais econÃmicas, utilizando eficientemente a frota e atendendo todas as solicitaÃÃes.
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Parisi, Joel A. "The United States department of housing and urban development, office of inspector general, office of investigation an examination into why the agency should create a separate division to investigate gun and drug related violent crime in and around public and assisted housing developments /." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 2004. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.P.A. )--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 2004Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2955. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as 4 preliminary leaves (ii- v). Includes bibliographical references ( leaves 108-111).
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Warelius, Carl. "Hållbar utveckling : separata dimensioner eller en helhet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-70191.
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Sustainable development consists of three different dimensions, social, economic and ecological sustainable development. Social sustainability focuses on social factors such as human rights, democracy, health, education and gender equality. Economic sustainability can be understood as economic development which does not adversely be at the expense of ecological or social sustainability. Ecological sustainability focuses on the environment where production of goods and services does not compromise the ability of ecosystems. The different dimensions concerns different issues in sustainability work and there are different ways of wiewing their relationship. Moreover, the issue of the study is to develop an understanding of sustainable development's dimensions from a holistic perspective. The aim is also to highlight the geography teaching in today's school, where the scope of the different dimensions is prioritized. This study is of a qualitative nature. The result is based on semi structured interviews with three teachers in geography. They show that the participant's views on sustainable development differ. Two of the teachers have a view that is based in the ecological dimension while one teacher sees sustainable development from a holistic perspective. The result also shows that teacher's perceptions of sustainable development affect the scope of the dimensions of their teaching. Common to the three teachers is that the social dimension gets the least space in the teacher's teaching.
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Gimbert, Norman Wesley II. "Development of a Sensor for Inflight Detection of Three-Dimensional Flow Separation on a Wing." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36987.
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A real need exists for a sensor capable of detecting flow-field separation on an airplane
wing during routine flight operations. A sensor of this type could lead to both improved
flight safety and increased performance. It would also contribute to future separation
control technologies. A new idea is presented for a sensor that is cost effective, easy to
maintain, durable, and highly effective. The system, known as a Thermal Grid, works by
using a grid of heaters and temperature sensors to trace out the streamlines closest to the
surface. Specific singularities in these streamlines are excellent indicators of flow
separation. This paper addresses many of the necessary principles that are necessary to
making the Thermal Grid an operational device. An analytic design is presented that
details the system requirements and potential performance, including heater/sensor
spacing, heater power requirements, sensor time response and sensitivity needs and the
effects of changes in flow conditions.Master of Science
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Bartone, Stephen M. "Amaranth Grain Seed Cleaner Development and Testing." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1481038808801139.
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Monteiro, Goncalo. "The growth process under time non-separable preferences /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7384.
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Cao, Chunli. "The development of a three-dimensional turbulent separated flow downstream of reattachment." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252448.
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Bell, George Ross Arana. "Analysis and Development of a Decanter Centrifuge: Power consumption analysis, development of a composite bowl, and feed accelerator analysis." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8678.
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This project was concerned with the analysis and development of a decanter centrifuge. The aim of the project was to increase the understanding of the operation of the machine, and identify and implement methods of improving the performance.
A comprehensive breakdown of the power consumption of a GTech-Bellmor 1456 Centrifuge Decanter was completed. There are four components of the power consumption in a decanter centrifuge: friction during product transport, viscous and kinetic losses during feed acceleration, inefficiencies in power transmission components, and aerodynamic losses, known as windage. A mathematical model was developed to predict the power, torque, and axial force required by product transport. A relationship for the power consumed during feed acceleration was derived from first principles. The power transmission losses are comprised of inefficiencies in the motors, belt drives, gearbox, bearings, and seals; each of these was quantified. The windage has two components: the surface drag on the bowl as it rotates in an annular space and the pressure drag on external protrusions. The windage was predicted empirically and computationally. Methods that were identified for improving the decanter centrifuge were: reduce the mass of bowl and scroll, improve wear resistance, reduce the coefficient of friction of the bowl wall and scroll faces, optimise scroll geometry, redesign the feed accelerator to increase acceleration efficiency, implement control of the bowl speed, differential speed, and pool depth, and recess the bolt heads on the bowl and cover the third phase ports.
An analysis of several worn centrifuges revealed that the majority of the wear occurs on the scroll, bowl wall, accelerator, and solids discharge ports. An experiment was developed to recreate the wear conditions inside a centrifuge. A high pressure abrasive film was forced between materials moving relative to each other. Similar results were observed for acetel, UHMWPE, and 316 stainless steel when using a pin-on-disk wear test rig. A new composite bowl was developed for two main reasons, weight reduction, and improved wear and friction characteristics. The full design process was applied to the bowl and several concepts were generated for a new scroll. The design of the bowl included conceptual design, material selection, material testing, constructing scale models, and the manufacture of a full-size bowl for a GTech-Bellmor 1456 Centrifuge Decanter. The potential for using composite materials in decanter centrifuges was demonstrated. The manufacturing method developed during this project was novel and produced parts suitable for use in high-speed rotating machinery.
The feed accelerator analysis consisted of three components: theoretical, experimental, and computational analysis. Three feed acceleration mechanisms were identified: viscous dissipation, impulse force, and mass flow induced velocity. An experimental method was developed to examine decanter centrifuge feed accelerator designs. The method allowed for the measurement of efficiency and high-speed photography of the flow between the accelerator and the rotating pool. The order of best to worst performing of the six tested designs was Modified Disk, Disk, Plate, Conical, Drum, and Esbjerg. The feed accelerator was modelled using ANSYS-CFX 14.5 and compared to the experimental results. There was excellent agreement between the flow in the annular space observed using high-speed photography and the paths predicted using the computational model. A parametric study of the Drum and Disk feed accelerator designs was undertaken using the computational model. It was found that increasing the surface area of the port faces of the Drum accelerator and increasing the discharge angle and discharge radius for the Disk accelerator improved the performance.
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Stitou, Adel. "Development of a hybrid PIV-PTV super resolution method and application to separated flows." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211293.
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Billard, Flavien. "Development of a robust elliptic-blending turbulence model for near-wall, separated and buoyant flows." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/development-of-a-robust-ellipticblending-turbulence-model-for-nearwall-separated-and-buoyant-flows(4432f40c-52b0-4d01-b09d-e9f13962c1cc).html.
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The thesis introduces a new version of an elliptic-blending low-Reynolds-number eddy-viscosity Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes model. It is a model intended to be implemented in an industrial solver. It will be argued that there is still room for such a simple model, though eddy-viscosity models must rely on developments specificallymade for higher order formulations. It is the aim of the v2-f model to integrate elements of Reynolds-stress modelling developments into a simpler formulation, but the former paradoxically suffers from numerical stiffness, which kept it out of reachof industry researchers everyday simulations. The v2-f formulation endeavours to reproduce the near-wall asymptotic behaviour of the turbulent quantities, as sounder alternative to empirical damping functions, and the required near-wall balance of small terms represents a numerical challenge. The present work first provides a comprehensive review of v2-f developments proposed over the past twenty years, and the different remedies for the numericalstiffness linked to the original formulation. The review focuses on ten v2-f variants, proposed between 1991 and 2006, whose behaviour is compared in some fundamental flows: the channel flow for five different Reynolds numbers, the asymptotic case of the logarithmic layer at infinite Reynolds number and the case of a flow with homogeneous sheared turbulence. Based on the conclusions of the review, the thesis proposes new developments. Firstly, the derivation of a new model, namely the φ - α model, is introduced. It relies on the resolution of two non-dimensional variables: φ represents the wall-normal anisotropy and α is a wall-proximity sensor. It is argued that only this formulation can address the numerical problems already mentioned without altering the predictions. Secondly, additional upgrades of the φ - α model are proposed to correct the dissipation rate equation. The aim is to improve the model behaviour in some specific regions of a boundary layer, by isolating some viscous terms and by improving the representation of turbulent transport at the edge of a boundary layer. Final developments are combined in a new model, the BL-v2/k model. The φ - α and BL-v2/k models are then validated for a set of two pressure induced separated flows and two buoyant flows, and beneficial effects of the proposed developments on the predictions are demonstrated. The numerical properties of the convergency of the BL-v2/k model are also reported at the end of this work.
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Graham, Henry Z. "Development of a numerical model of a two-dimensional inertial gas separator." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4967.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2006.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 83 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-67).
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Ok, Honam. "Development of an incomprehensible Navier-Stokes solver and its application to the calculation of separated flows /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9969.
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Hilstad, Mark Ole 1975. "A multi-vehicle testbed and interface framework for the development and verification of separated spacecraft control algorithms." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82223.
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Even, Julia [Verfasser]. "Developments for transactinide chemistry experiments behind the gas-filled separator TASCA / Julia Even." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1018331212/34.
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Chetty, Prakash. "Development and assessment of propranolol sustained release dosage forms separately and in combination with hydrochlorothiazide." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/1342/.
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Gardner, Nicola Jane. "The development of a high efficiency centrifugal separator for gas/liquid mixtures at high pressure." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337168.
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Sjöblom, Simon, and Gustav Tidblom. "Val av elektrisk motor till separat drivet kraftuttag för tunga fordon." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för maskinteknik (MT), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105874.
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I en tid kännetecknat av en strävan efter ett mer hållbart samhälle, med utformade långsiktiga klimatmål för förnyelsebara energikällor och minskade utsläpp, arbetar fordonsutvecklare med att ta fram alternativ till förbränningsmotorer. För att nå satta klimatmål och samtidigt förbättra arbetsmiljön med minskat buller anses en elektrisk drivlina som ett troligt alternativ. För tunga fordon såsom lastbilar som ofta utrustas med tillsatsutrustning som kranar, tippbara flak eller cementroterare är beroende av ett kraftuttag för att driva hydraulpumpar och generatorer. Vid en omställning till elektrisk drivlina är det inte längre säkert att möjligheten kvarstår att ta kraft från drivlinan. Detta har lett till en efterfrågan på elektriskt separat drivna kraftuttag uppstått på marknaden. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka och få en förståelse för inom vilket effektområde och vilken typ av elektrisk motor som är bäst lämpad för att separat driva ett kraftuttag. Målet är att med denna kunskap utveckla en modell som förenklar valet av lämplig elektrisk motor för ett givet fall av kraftuttag. Modellen testas med en effekt på 60 kW vilket resulterade i att en lågvarvig axial flux BLDC-motor anses bäst lämpad. Detta då en lågvarvig elektrisk motor kräver lägre utväxling för att uppfylla krävt vridmoment, vilket ger en lägre totalvikt. Totalvikt för testad effekt hamnar på 78,6 kg, vilket är tre gånger det funktionella kravet. Studien ger en indikation på att det med givna krav enbart är försvarbart att driva kraftuttag med separata elektriska motorer vid låga effekter, runt 10 kW.In a time characterized by an endeavor for a more sustainable society. With formulated long-term climate targets for renewable energy sources and reduced emissions, vehicle developers are working to develop alternatives to internal combustion engines. In order to achieve set climate targets and at the same time improve the working environment with reduced noise, an electric driveline is considered a likely alternative. For heavy vehicles such as trucks that are often equipped with auxiliary accessories such as cranes, tipper trucks or cement rotators are dependent on a power take-off to drive hydraulic pumps and generators. When switching to an electric driveline, it is no longer certain that the possibility remains to take power from the driveline. This has led to a demand for electrically driven power take-offs on the market. The purpose of this study is to investigate and gain an understanding of the power range and type of electric motor that is best suited to drive a power take-off separately. The goal is to use this knowledge to develop a model that simplifies the choice of a suitable electric motor for a given case of power take-off. The model is tested with an output of 60 kW, which resulted in a low-speed axial flux BLDC-motor being considered best suited. This is because a low-speed electrical motor requires a lower gear ratio to meet the required torque, which gives a lower total weight. The total weight for the tested effect ends up at 78,8 kg, which is three times the functional requirement. The study gives an indication that with given requirements it is only justified to operate power take-offs with separate electric motors at low powers, around 10 kW.
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Martin, Andrea Blue. "Development and Modeling of Multi-scale Continuous High Gradient Magnetophoretic Separator for Malaria-infected Red Blood Cells." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/913.
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According to the World Health Organization, nearly 3.2 billion people are at risk of malaria. The most deadliest form of human malaria is caused by the pathogen Plasmodium falciparum, which has claimed over 400,000 lives worldwide in 20151. Even when optimally treated with drug and donor blood therapies, severe malaria has a high mortality rate. The parasites target a patient’s red blood cells and convert them into paramagnetic units before eventually rupturing the host cell, further spreading the infection. Combination drug therapies using quinine and artemisinin derivatives are common but are either expensive or have associated toxicities from mis-dosing. Moreover, antimalarial drugs are becoming increasingly ineffective against the growing number of drug-resistant malaria strains. Combination drug and blood exchange therapies are often implemented to flush out malaria-infected red blood cells (iRBC) but consume a great quantity of donor blood, carry a high risk of transmitting other blood-borne diseases, and have no agreed upon advantage or disadvantage among clinicians. Due to the relative disadvantages of other treatment methods, small scale high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) devices, used in a variety of biological applications, may be another treatment option to consider. mPharesis (“magnetic apheresis”) is a proposed low-cost, disposable magnetic blood filtration device which continually removes iRBCs from a patient’s whole blood by capitalizing on the iRBC’s unique magnetic properties. The proposed treatment-scale system will provide emergency care with parameters similar to continuous hemofiltration systems in terms of blood flow rates (up to approximately 500 mL min-1), vascular access, and treatment times (up to about 3 hours). A novel medium-scale high gradient magnetic separation device is detailed here. The device consists of a disposable photo-etched embedded wire array and acrylic layered housing on an external permanent magnet set. The magnetic force and flow field design were computationally optimized. In-vitro feasibility experiments were conducted at several flow rates and physiological hematocrits (Hct) using a blood mixture composed of healthy RBCs and a non-pathogenic paramagnetic blood analog called methemoglobin RBCs (metRBCs). The device was able to selectively remove paramagnetic RBCs without excessive loss of healthy RBCs. Simplified experiments were performed with 30% Hct with 20% metRBCs. At steady state, the concentration of metRBCs was reduced by 27.0±2.2% in a single pass at a flow rate of 77 μL min-1 as compared to 1.6±0.7% in control experiments without a magnet present. The experimental paramagnetic RBC removal rate was over 380 times greater than similar published HGMS devices. These successful results were applied to a theoretical transport model. The model was designed to compare the parasite removal and Hct level changes between combination drug and exchange transfusion (ET) therapy versus treatment-scale mPharesis-drug therapy. When the mPharesis flow rate was set to typical continuous dialysis rates, treatment times and donor blood volumes were reduced for all 10 cases. Calculated treatment times were all less than 60% of the reported ET-drug treatments, with times ranging from 47 to 71 minutes. The mPharesis-drug treatment was calculated to need between 4% and 53% less donor blood than the reported ET-drug treatments. Between 775 and 1772 mL of packed donor RBCs (3 to 6 units of whole blood) were estimated for the mPharesis-drug treatments, versus the average 5 to 20 units used during ET2. Treatment reference charts were generated to provide time and donor blood volume estimates for a range of patient sizes and disease severities. Based on the maximum flow rate of 500 mL min-1, a treatment-scale mPharesis system was estimated to be the size of three stacked briefcases, which is a feasible size for deployment in a clinical setting. Finally, the design, fabrication, and microscopic visualization of a simple, benchtop-fabricated continuous HGMS device was detailed. This proof-of-concept microfluidic device was implemented to test the effect of hematocrit and flow rate on the separation of mixtures of metRBCs (heat-treated and un-heated) and transparent ghost RBCs. An automated image processing protocol provided feasible cell concentration profiles for each flow and rheological condition with a 6.5 to 9.7% lower sum than manual counting for three samples. For the no magnet conditions, the average near-magnet concentration of paramagnetic RBCs at the outlet (within 10% of 130 μm channel height adjacent to the wire array) was between 1.3 and 2.4 times greater than the average of the rest of the flow field (degree of separation, DOS). The most effective separation was found to occur at the lowest flow rate 0.4 μL min-1 and with the 0.5% Hct metRBC sample with DOS=26. The addition of 30% ghost RBCs reduced the efficiency for all flow rates, with DOS=7.4 for best flow rate of 0.4 μL min-1. Heat treatment did not significantly affect separation with DOS=7.3, likely due to the low impact of the relatively low concentration of metRBCs (0.5%). The mesoscale fabrication and design process, clearance model, cell counting algorithm, and HGMS fabrication protocol and microscopy study described in this thesis provides a useful framework for future HGMS optimization and the further development of a clinical treatment system for severe malaria patients with often limited treatment options.
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Kienhuis, Mandy Lee, and mandyk@vicparenting com au. "Youth adjustment to parental separation: the development and evaluation of an empirically-based parenting intervention for separated families with adolescent children." RMIT University. Health Sciences, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070202.124553.
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The focus of this thesis is the evaluation of three forms of an empirically-based cognitive-behavioural parenting program for separated families with adolescent children. However, to initially determine the existence of lasting affects of parental separation (occurring during childhood and adolescence), an exploratory study used a sample of 272 young adults (aged between 18 and 30 years) from intact families and 78 young adults from separated families. This study investigated the impact of parental marital status on young adult psychological adjustment, interpersonal relationships, attitudes toward divorce, and interpersonal behaviour problems. Results indicated that the effects of parental separation on father-child relationships persist into adulthood for men and women. Further, young women from separated families also reported more accepting attitudes toward divorce, and earlier age at entering into de facto or marital relationships. Young men reported more di fficulties in their relationships with mothers, moving out of the family home at a younger age, and higher levels of verbal attack behaviours in romantic relationships compared to their peers from intact families. Importantly, results suggested that both young children and adolescents experience adverse consequences of parental separation, albeit in different adjustment domains. Given these results, the need for intervention was established. While considerable efforts have gone into the development of intervention programs for young children from separated families, few efforts have focused on adolescents whose parents have separated. To redress this situation, this thesis describes the development and evaluation of three forms of delivery of a parenting program for separated families with adolescent children - group, individual, and telephone-assisted. Study 2 investigated the efficacy and acceptability of the Youth Adjustment to Parental Separation (YAPS) program - an empirically-based group cognitive-beha vioural parenting program for separated families with adolescent children. Overall, the results from this initial trial with four mothers suggested that the program was implemented as planned and that the program was acceptable to mothers. Further, the program lead to improvements in mothers' perceptions of adolescent symptomatology and their own symptomatology. However, there was limited or inconsistent change in mothers' perceptions of family relationships, the coparenting relationship, and their parenting practises, and in adolescents' perceptions of interparental conflict, coping, negative separation-related events, and problematic beliefs. Furthermore, adolescents reported deterioration in family communication and their own symptomatology. Based on the results of Study 2 and the limitations identified, recommendations were made regarding improvements to the YAPS program and to the procedures used to evaluate program effectiveness. According to the recommendations made in Study 2, the efficacy and acceptability of the YAPS program delivered as a therapist-administered individual program was evaluated with six families in Study 3. Results indicated that the program is acceptable to mothers, and that it leads to improvements in adolescent adjustment, parent adjustment, mother-adolescent relationships, father-contact, adolescent exposure to interparental conflict and other negative-separation-related events, and mothers' perceptions of family relationships. Less consistent changes were observed for adolescent ratings of family relationships, and the father-adolescent relationship, however improvements in the father-adolescent relationship were associated with increased levels of f ather-contact. Consistent improvements in adolescents' coping and their appraisal of parental separation were not observed. However, there appeared to be a relationship between parental utilisation of coping strategies and adolescent coping, suggesting that promoting adolescent coping indirectly through parental modelling and parental encouragement is an appropriate intervention strategy. Study 4 evaluated the efficacy and acceptability of the YAPS program delivered as a telephone-assisted program. Results indicated that the program is acceptable to mothers, and that it improves adolescent perceptions of family communication, their own coping, and their relationship with their father. However, mothers' ratings of their own and their child's adjustment, and adolescent ratings of their own adjustment did not change. Further, expected improvements in mothers' parenting practises, the mother-adolescent relationship, separation-related negative-events, separation-related beliefs, and the coparenting relationship were not observed. Overall, improvements observed in the evaluation of the minimal-contact, telephone-assisted YAPS program (Study 4) were considerably less than those observed in the evaluation of the individual therapist-assisted, face-to-face program (Study 3). Future evaluations of the YAPS program need to address the limitations of the current series of studies, particularly, comparison to a wait-list control group is required so that threats to internal validity can be minimised.
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Ebeler, Moritz [Verfasser], and M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Franzreb. "Characterization and Validation of a Novel GMP-Compliant Magnetic Separator – Process Development and Optimization for Protein Recovery / Moritz Ebeler ; Betreuer: M. Franzreb." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1177147211/34.
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Litvin, David Gregory Litvin. "Immune-to-brain communication driven by sterile lung injury." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1528469492924001.
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Hatmi, Zeineb. "La Banque islamique comme réponse à l'instabilité de l'économie de crédit." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0065/document.
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L’objectif de cette thèse est de présenter la Banque islamique comme réponse à l’instabilité de l’économie de crédit. La lecture de la crise des subprimes au prisme du modèle post- keynésien de Minsky-Kindleberger permet d’affirmer que l’Hypothèse d’Instabilité Financière (HIF) débouche sur des propositions de gestion des crises financières. Car, si les crises sont inhérentes au capitalisme, il devient nécessaire et urgent de mettre en place des institutions à même de gérer les perturbations financières. Les réformes monétaires proposées au fil du temps par des éco- nomistes et le comité Bâle III posent le problème du développement bancaire. Dans le cas où la monnaie est séparée du crédit financier, soit le cas des reformes monétaires proposées par Fisher (1935) et ses disciples, nous rencontrons le problème du multiplicateur de crédit alors que le risque systémique est faible et il y a remise en cause de la nécessité du prêteur en dernier ressort dans ce système. Tandis que si la monnaie n’est pas séparée du crédit financier, cas des réformes monétaire proposées par des instruments de gestion tels que ceux proposées par Minsky (1982) ; Kindleberger (1989) ; Aglietta et Moutot (1993) ; Aglietta (2011) et le comité Bâle III, le risque systémique per- siste toujours. Dans ce dernier cas, c’est le prêteur en dernier ressort qui est le plus susceptible d’assumer l’objectif de la stabilité du système financier dans son ensemble en émettant de la liquidi- té ultime. L’étude comparative de deux cas de développement de banques islamiques, celui de l’Arabie Saoudite et celui du Pakistan, a montré que ces deux systèmes bancaires ont été confrontés au même problème que celui de la finance occidentale : le développement bancaire. Du fait que, si la monnaie est séparée du crédit financier – cas du Pakistan – les Banques islamiques sont à la fois moins vulnérables au risque systémique mais sont moins performantes. Alors que si la monnaie n’est pas séparée du crédit financier – cas de l’Arabie Saoudite – les banques islamiques sont plus vulnérables aux risques systémiques mais sont plus performantes. A contrario, même si la Banque islamique ne répond pas au risque systémique de l’Hypothèse de l’Instabilité de l’Économie de Crédit, elle résiste tout de même à la crise systémique de cette hypothèse du fait qu’elle ne peut en aucun cas conduire à une crise systémique comme celle des subprimes. Car, en contraste avec l’instrument du système financier conventionnel, les spécificités de l’instrument du système finan- cier islamique l’amènent à être moins vulnérable à la crise systémiqueThe goal of this PhD is to analyze the Islamic bank model as a possible solution to the credit economy instability. Reading the subprime crisis through the post Keynesian model of Minsky-Kindleberger lenses allows us to assert that the Financial Instability Hypothesis (HIF) leads to proposals for financial crises management. If crises are inherent in capitalism, it becomes necessary and urgent to set up institutions able of managing financial perturbations. The monetary reforms suggested over time by economists and the Bale III committee too raises the problem of banking development. If money is separated from the financial credit, as in the example of Fisher (1935) and his followers monetary reforms shows, we run into the problem of the credit multiplier while the systemic risk is weak and the necessity of the lender of last resort in this system is questioned. Whereas, if money is not separated from the financial credit, as in the case of monetary reforms proposed by instruments of management such as those suggested by Minsky (1982), Kindleberger, Aglietta and Moutot (1993), Aglietta (2011) and Bale III, the systemic risk persists and this is, after all, the lender in the last resort who may assume the objective of the financial system’s stability in general by uttering of the ultimate liquidity. The development study of the two cases of Islamic banks, those in Saudi Arabia and those in Pakistan, showed the confrontation of these banks of the same problems noticed in the western finance. In fact, if money is separated from the financial credit, which is the case in Pakistan, Islamic banks are less vulnerable to systemic risk and are less efficient. While if money is not separated from the financial credit, as in Saudi Arabia, Islamic banks are more vulnerable to systemic risk and more efficient. However, even if the Islamic bank does not respond to the systemic risk of the Hypothesis of the Credit Economy’s instability, it answers as even to the systemic crises of this hypothesis. Hence, in all cases, it cannot lead to a systemic crisis similar to the subprime one. This is due to the fact that specification of the Islamic financial system instrument, in contrast to the instrument of the conventional financial system, is less vulnerable to the systemic crisis
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Hsu, Jen-Hao, and 許仁豪. "Development of a Microchip to Separate Micro/NanoBio-particles by Dielectrophoresis." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33055264947400156577.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
應用力學研究所
95
This study presents a new bio-chip which can separate the gamma globulin from the human serum based on dielectrophoresis forces. MEMS fabrication process was used to produce the bio-chip and only two photomasks were required in the experiment. Anti-human IgG was bound on the polymer beads surface with carboxyl group to be complex beads. Gamma globulin was then mixed with the complex beads heterogeneously. The mixtures which contained both bio-particles and RBCs were injected into the bio-chip to test the separation efficiency. The driving source, 10Vpp and 2MHz, was used to separate RBCs and bio-particles. The current of this chip was less than human perception current so that it was safe for biologic tests. Furthermore, Immunoprecipitation showed that small amount of samples were needed for this chip to detect the antibody or antigen easily.
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Tabata, Wonga. "AWG Champion, Zulu Nationalism and `Separate Development' in South Africa, 1965 -1975." Diss., 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1205.
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This is a historical study of AWG Champion, the former leader of the Industrial and Commercial Workers' Union (ICU) and provincial President of the African National Congress, in the politics of Zululand and Natal from 1965 to 1975. The study examines the introduction of the Zulu homeland and how different political forces in that region of South Africa responded to the idea of a Zulu homeland during the period under review. It also deals with Champion's political alienation from the ANC.
This dissertation is also a study of the development of Zulu ethnic nationalism within the structures of apartheid or separate development, the homelands.
Issues running throughout the study are the questions of how and why Champion tried and failed to manipulate `separate development' in order to build a Zulu ethnic political base.History
M.A. (History)
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Vadivelu, Velayadum. "The reformed church in Africa and the policies of separate development between 1950-1994." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/7077.
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Sun, Haiding. "Development of aluminum gallium nitride-based emitters in the form of graded-index separate confinement heterostructure (GRINSCH)." Thesis, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/16095.
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The development of ultraviolet semiconductor emitters (LEDs and lasers) will enable a large number of industrial and medical applications. AlGaN alloys are ideally suited for the development of such devices since their energy gap can be tuned from the near UV (365 nm) to deep UV (200 nm). However, the doping of such materials n- and p-type is difficult. Another problem is the generally poor light extraction efficiency from both UV and visible LEDs.
This research addressed the first problem by developing UV emitters in the form of graded-index-separate-confinement-heterostructure (GRINSCH). In these device the active region is embedded in two compositionally graded wave guiding layers. Due to the polar nature of nitride semiconductors these compositionally graded AlGaN films are doped p- or n-type if the grading changes from high to low concentration or from low to high concentration respectively. Thus, a p-n junction is automatically formed without the incorporation of dopants. The polarization induced doping level in these structures was calculated to be 1018cm-3 for the p- and n-sides. A number of devices, whose active region is either 75 nm Al0.72Ga0.28N bulk film or multiple QWs have been grown on 6H-SiC substrates by Molecular-Beam Epitaxy (MBE) and investigated. The emission properties of these structures were investigated by cathodoluminescence (CL) and by measuring their optical gain. A maximum net modal gain in excess of 80 cm-1 was measured with an optical gain threshold of 14 µJ / cm2. Some of these structures, emitting in the near UV, were also electrically pumped.
The second problem was addressed by incorporating dielectric (TiO2) photonic crystals on the phosphor plates of white LEDs in order to increase the light extraction efficiency upon illumination with blue LEDs. The two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal-lattice of TiO2 photonic crystal was formed by e-beam lithography on low-scattering (Y1-xCex)3Al5O12 (YAG:Ce) ceramic phosphor plates. Yellow light extraction enhancement by a factor of 4.4 was achieved with a 2D photonic crystal nano-cylinders having diameter 430 nm, lattice constant of 580 nm and height of 350 nm. Simulations using a three-dimensional finite difference time domain are consistent with our measured data.
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Schroeder, Julie Elinor. "Development of Models for the Prediction of Short-term and Long-term Toxicity to Hyalella azteca from Separate Exposures to Nickel and Cadmium." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3625.
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This study investigated whether principles of the Biotic Ligand Model (BLM), originally developed to predict acute metal toxicity to fish, may be applied to metal accumulation and toxicity in short-term and long-term exposures of Hyalella azteca, an epibenthic invertebrate.
In both short-term and long-term exposures, hydrogen and calcium were the only cations found to significantly influence nickel accumulation and toxicity, although some influence by magnesium was suggested in solutions of low calcium and alkalinity. Analysis of short-term (seven-day) bioaccumulation and long-term (28-day) toxicity data established three potential models to explain the observed accumulation and/or toxicity. One of the models included calcium and hydrogen as competitors to nickel (consistent with BLM theory), while the other two models incorporated the non-competitive effect of calcium on the biotic ligand in addition to, or instead of, the competitive action of calcium (not currently considered by BLM theory). Short-term accumulation observed in the tests with adults was best predicted by the competitive (BLM-type) model. However, long-term accumulation and toxicity were predicted equally well by both competitive and non-competitive models.
In short-term cadmium exposures the models including calcium as a competitor, rather than an influence on the ligand, predicted accumulation and toxicity best. Hydrogen did not appear to have a significant influence. Although both competitive and non-competitive calcium models were able to predict long-term toxicity within a factor of two of the observed for most tests, the relationship between predicted and observed LC50s was not linear. Instead, for a given calcium concentration, a wide range of LC50s was observed but was associated with a relatively constant predicted LC50 (based on the influence of calcium alone). The predicted LC50s fell roughly in three lateral bands, according to calcium concentrations of approximately 0.3, 1 and 3 mmol/L. The broad range of observed LC50s associated with a relatively constant predicted LC50 reflected variability in organism response in four-week exposures in similar media and/or may have suggested that other factors influencing cadmium toxicity were not accounted for in the models.
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Chen, Yen-Ju, and 陳嬿如. "Development a new diagnosis method to separate serological subtype of influenza virus and possible roles of Dab-2 in the endocytosis pathway of influenza virus." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25706467745926273792.
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碩士中國醫藥大學
醫學檢驗生物技術學系碩士班
95
Influenza A virus were subtype by hemagglutinin(HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Until now, sixteen kinds of HA and nine kinds of NA were found. In this study, a rapid and useful method to separate subtypes of influenza A virus by Lightcycler real time PCR combining with HR-1 analysis was developed. The primer set was designed on conserved MP gene, and the PCR products were cloned into plasmids. The results demonstrate that subtype H1, H3, H5, H7, H9 of influenza A viruses can be successfully separated by analyzing heteroduplex product, and the detection limitation of the method was 102 copies. Twenty-one samples were applied to the test, and 10 samples were correctly typed to H1, and the others were correctly typed to H3. About 65 % of influenza A viruses penetrate host cells by clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway. Dab2 protein was thought to be one of the endocytic accessory proteins. Infection influenza virus to A549 cells and observed the viral protein sublocalization by confocal microscope observation combing immunofluorescence detection, we found that the viruses may process endocytosis before 4~6 hours post viral infection. Besides, there had no significant plaque formation changes in Dab2 over-expressed MDCK cells. The roles of Dab2 in endocytosis of influenza A virus infection is worthy to investigate further.
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Scheepers, Angelo. "A critical analysis of the structural dynamics operative within the Baptist Union of Southern Africa (BUSA) from 1960-2005 and an evaluation of these dynamics in the light of BUSA ecclesiology." Diss., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25832.
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After highlighting the events that gave rise to the writing of this dissertation, the writer proceeds with a critical analysis of the structural and leadership dynamics of the Baptist Union of Southern Africa (BUSA) from 1960-2005. Beginning with the formation of BUSA in 1877, he shows how that the South African Baptist Missionary Society (SABMS - the Missions arm of BUSA), established in 1892, developed in a parallel manner alongside of BUSA and questions whether the two bodies were over one. Throughout the dissertation, he pointed out how, up to the late eighties, the structural and leadership dynamics of BUSA tended to favour one culture above the others who, in fact, were in the majority. The writer identifies the key trends within each decade from 1960-2005 with regard to BUSA's structural dynamics and views the following two events as causing a major turnaround resulting in great transformation during the 1990's. They were: - The withdrawal of the Black Baptist Convention from BUSA in 1987 and
- The turbulent 1989 National Assembly in Kimberley
Dissertation (MA(Theology))--University of Pretoria, 2009.
Practical Theology
unrestricted
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Seroto, Johannes. "The impact of South African legislation (1948-2004) on Black education in rural areas: a historical educational perspective." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1915.
Full textAbstract:
Rethinking education in rural areas firstly requires reviewing different legislation from a historical perspective and then reconsidering the place of education in the current rural development debate. To a large extent, rural areas have been neglected in development policies and similarly, the rural dimension of basic education issues, especially in South Africa, has been largely overlooked. Basic facts and figures, as elaborated in this thesis, shed light on the need to devote more attention to rural education.
In this thesis, South African legislation in relation to basic education for Black people in rural areas during the colonial period up to the democratic era was investigated. The impact of South African legislation on Black education in rural areas is difficult to unravel and solve overnight since its thinking and practice was consolidated over centuries. However, an attempt was made to determine what the policymakers, mostly White dominated governments who ascribed to segregatory and racial attitudes, did to ensure that different policies enshrined in various legislation impacted negatively on education of people predominantly residing in rural areas.
The research affirmed that education of Black people in rural areas was, in most instances negatively impacted by policies of previous White governments. The apartheid government (1948-1993) used poor funding strategies to ensure that there were low teacher-pupil ratios and teacher qualifications. Unequal pattern of education spending continued well into the democratic era. This poor funding which impacted negatively on, especially rural schools, made infrastructural provision in rural areas difficult.
Even though the democratic government have competitive legislative policies in place, it was concluded that educational policies since 1994 were hastily implemented and insufficient consideration has been given to the contextual realities in South African schooling, particularly in rural areas. Hence the democratic government still need to give grave attention to the issue of education in rural areas.Educational Studies
DED (HISTORY OF EDUCATION)
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Ihmels, Melanie. "The mischiefmakers: woman’s movement development in Victoria, British Columbia 1850-1910." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5178.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the beginning of Victoria, British Columbia’s, women’s movement, stretching its ‘start’ date to the late 1850s while arguing that, to some extent, the local movement criss-crossed racial, ethnic, religious, and gender boundaries. It also highlights how the people involved with the women’s movement in Victoria challenged traditional beliefs, like separate sphere ideology, about women’s position in society and contributed to the introduction of new more egalitarian views of women in a process that continues to the present day. Chapter One challenges current understandings of First Wave Feminism, stretching its limitations regarding time and persons involved with social reform and women’s rights goals, while showing that the issue of ‘suffrage’ alone did not make a ‘women’s movement’. Chapter 2 focuses on how the local ‘women’s movement’ coalesced and expanded in the late 1890s to embrace various social reform causes and demands for women’s rights and recognition, it reflected a unique spirit that emanated from Victorian traditionalism, skewed gender ratios, and a frontier mentality. Chapter 3 argues that an examination of Victoria’s movement, like any other ‘women’s movement’, must take into consideration the ethnic and racialized ‘other’, in this thesis the Indigenous, African Canadian, and Chinese. The Conclusion discusses areas for future research, deeper research questions, and raises the question about whether the women’s movement in Victoria was successful.Graduate
0334
0733
0631
mlihmels@shaw.ca
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Van, Schalkwyk Johan Abraham. "Ideologie en die konstruksie van 'n landelike samelewing : 'n anthropologiese studie van die Hananwa van Blouberg." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17758.
Full textAbstract:
Text in AfrikaansDie verskillende pre-koloniale samelewings in suidelike-Afrika bet in die laat 18de en vroee 19de eeue reeds 'n herkenbaar moderne vorm begin aanneem, toe hulle identiteit deur koloniale intervensie 'gevries' is. Die verhouding wat met verloop van tyd tussen hierdie samelewings en die indringende koloniste ontwikkel het, is grotendeels gebaseer op persepsies en houdinge wat reeds sedert die 17de, 18de en veral die 19de eeu weens die kontak 'n definitiewe vorm begin aanneem het. Hierdie kan as 'n proses van historiese voorstelling ("historical imaging") beskryf word. In die proefskrif word die agtergrond van hierdie pre-koloniale samelewings geskets en die historiese ontstaan van een samelewing word as tersaaklike voorbeeld bespreek. Die verhoudinge wat plaaslik as gevolg van die proses van koloniale intervensie ontstaan bet, gee met verloop van tyd aanleiding tot die beleid van af sander like ontwikkeling, waarvan die toepassing oar 'n periode van nagenoeg 50 jaar in 'n groat mate bygedra het om die identiteit van hierdie besondere samelewing op 'n besonderse wyse te vorm. Om hierdie beleid van afsonderlike ontwikkeling suksesvol toe te pas, was daar vanaf die regering van die
Anthropology and Archaeology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Anthropology)
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Chou, Ching-Ming, and 周景銘. "Development of salted yolk by using separated hen yolk." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91154146952438217442.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
動物科學技術學研究所
101
Salted egg is a traditional and popular egg product in Taiwan. Generally, salted eggs are produced by immersing method and coating method for about 20-35 days. The desirable characteristics of salted yolk are encompassed in the gritty texture, oil exudation and orange color. However, the process of producing salted yolk yields egg whites with high salt content, which does not have many uses in the food industry. Thus, the objective of this study was to use rapid immersion method to find the optimal salting conditions for producing separated salted egg yolks. The first part of this study used ferric citrate (FC) and citric acid (CA) with salt as factorial design elements to research the optimal salting conditions. In the second part of this study, we investigated physicochemical properties, microstructures and conducted a sensory evaluation of separated salted yolk compared with salted yolk produced using the traditional immersion method (TM). From the gritty texture analysis, our findings demonstrated that the salting solution containing 1.0% FC + 25% salt (FC group) and 0.5% CA + 25% salt (CA group) had the most desirable gritty texture. The conclusion from the physicochemical properties evaluation showed that for the FC group and the CA group, salting for 40 hours yielded the most desirable characteristics of salted yolk. The chemical composition analysis indicated that the moisture content of FC group and CA group were significantly higher than the TM group, whereas protein and lipid contents were significantly lower than the TM group (P < 0.05). No significant differences among the groups were found when comparing oil exudation (P > 0.05). From the texture profile analysis, the FC and CA group had significantly lower yolk hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness when compared to the TM group (P < 0.05). The yolk granules and distribution of oil droplet were observed using the scanning electron microscope, the transmission electron microscope and the laser scanning confocal microscope. The micrographs indicated that the microstructures of the separated salted yolk groups were similar to the TM group. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that there were no differences in the protein patterns among fresh yolk and salted yolks. Sensory evaluation showed that the appearance of the FC group was significantly better received than the CA group and the TM group (P < 0.05); however, the texture, flavor and overall acceptability of the FC and CA groups was not significantly different compared to traditional salted yolk. In conclusion, the separated hen yolk salting in 1.0% FC + 25% salt and 0.5% CA + 25% salt of salting solution for 40 hours had desirable characteristics and similar physicochemical properties to traditional salted yolk. According to the results, these new experimentally determined salting conditions may apply on the new processes of producing salted yolk in the future.
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Chu, Hsin-Chang, and 朱信彰. "Development of trifurcate-channel particle separator by unsteady flow." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36902215605467515247.
Full text
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Phatlane, Stephens Ntsoakae. "The Kwa-Ndebele independence issue : a critical appraisal of the crises around independence in Kwa-Ndebele 1982-1989." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3040.
Full text
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CHEN, TENG-YAO, and 陳登耀. "Development of waste solar panel separated technology -- Using non-toxic and low toxicity solvothermal process." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8w7h63.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺南大學
綠色能源學科技學系碩士在職專班
107
At present, in the recycle of solar panel, the recycling of aluminum frame is the most convenient and feasible. As for the other parts of the solar panels,they can be recycled with pulverization flotation, organic solvents and pyrolysis. However, these methods may cause dust, noise, biological toxicity, environmental pollution and damage. In addition to their high energy consumption and complex components, it is difficult to separate all the components, and the subsequent of the separated components is not easy. In this research, solvothermal method as well as pressure are used to successfully find low-toxic non-polar solvents and non-toxic solvents containing no halides and aromatics. In different stages of processing, the components of the solar panels are successfully separated within 3 hours, and the solvent used in the experimental process can be completely recycled. Through the improvement of raw materials and processing, this research has truly achieved the goal of being waste free and recyclable. Using the gravimetric method, the recycle rate is nearly 100%, making the products from the cradle to the grave and then return to the cradle from the grave.
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Chung, Sheng-Heng. "Custom-cell-component design and development for rechargeable lithium-sulfur batteries." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/30529.
Full textAbstract:
Development of alternative cathodes that have high capacity and long cycle life at an affordable cost is critical for next generation rechargeable batteries to meet the ever-increasing requirements of global energy storage market. Lithium-sulfur batteries, employing sulfur cathodes, are increasingly being investigated due to their high theoretical capacity, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, the practicality of lithium-sulfur technology is hindered by technical obstacles, such as short shelf and cycle life, arising from the shuttling of polysulfide intermediates between the cathode and the anode as well as the poor electronic conductivity of sulfur and the discharge product Li2S. This dissertation focuses on overcoming some of these problems.
The sulfur cathode involves an electrochemical conversion reaction compared to the conventional insertion-reaction cathodes. Therefore, modifications in cell-component configurations/structures are needed to realize the full potential of lithium-sulfur cells. This dissertation explores various custom and functionalized cell components that can be adapted with pure sulfur cathodes, e.g., porous current collectors in Chapter 3, interlayers in Chapter 4, sandwiched electrodes in Chapter 5, and surface-coated separators in Chapter 6. Each chapter introduces the new concept and design, followed by necessary modifications and development.
The porous current collectors embedded with pure sulfur cathodes are able to contain the active material in their porous space and ensure close contact between the insulating active material and the conductive matrix. Hence, a stable and reversible electrochemical-conversion reaction is facilitated. In addition, the use of highly porous substrates allows the resulting cell to accommodate high sulfur loading.
The interlayers inserted between the pure sulfur cathode and the separator effectively intercept the diffusing polysulfides, suppress polysulfide migration, localize the active material within the cathode region, and boost cell cycle stability.
The combination of porous current collectors and interlayers offers sandwiched electrode structure for the lithium/dissolved polysulfide cells. By way of integrating the advantages from the porous current collector and the interlayer, the sandwiched electrodes stabilize the dissolved polysulfide catholyte within the cathode region, resulting in a high discharge capacity, long-term cycle stability, and high sulfur loading.
The novel surface-coated separators have a polysulfide trap or filter coated onto one side of a commercial polymeric separator. The functional coatings possess physical and/or chemical polysulfide-trapping capabilities to intercept, absorb, and trap the dissolved polysulfides during cell discharge. The functional coatings also have high electrical conductivity and porous channels to facilitate electron, lithium-ion, and electrolyte mobility for reactivating the trapped active material. As a result, effective reutilization of the trapped active material leads to improved long-term cycle stability.
The investigation of the key electrochemical and engineering parameters of these novel cell components has allowed us to make progress on (i) understanding the materials chemistry of the applied functionalized cell components and (ii) the electrochemical performance of the resulting lithium-sulfur batteries.text