To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Septoria – Control.
Journal articles on the topic 'Septoria – Control'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Septoria – Control.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Lovell, D. J., S. R. Parker, N. D. Paveley, and A. J. Worland. "Understanding field resistance mechanisms for improved control of Septoria tritici." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 1 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (2002): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10346-pps.
Full textAbstract:
Field resistance can contribute to reductions in epidemic progress of Septoria tritici in winter wheat. Crop growth and<br />canopy architecture are identified as key mechanisms of field resistance. Near isogenic lines differing for dwarfing (Rht)<br />and photoperiod sensitivity (Ppd) genes, enabled the study of target traits in a constant background of genetic resistance.<br />Epidemics were consistently earlier in shorter crops across a range of environments. The mechanism for this effect was<br />identified as an increase in spore arrival due to a reduction in the required dispersal distance between infective tissue<br />and emerging upper culm leaves.
2
OLESEN, J. E., L. N. JØRGENSEN, J. PETERSEN, and J. V. MORTENSEN. "Effects of rate and timing of nitrogen fertilizer on disease control by fungicides in winter wheat. 1. Grain yield and foliar disease control." Journal of Agricultural Science 140, no. 1 (2003): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859602002885.
Full textAbstract:
The effects of nitrogen (N) rate and timing on need for fungicide application in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were investigated in 3 years of field experiments on loamy sand soils in Denmark. A two-factor completely randomized experimental design was used, comprising seven combinations of different N fertilizer rates and application times, and five doses of fungicide (co-formulation propiconazole and fenpropimorph). Two different varieties of winter wheat with high susceptibility to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) were used, Florida in the first season and Pepital in the last two seasons. The severity of powdery mildew and septoria leaf spot (mainly Septoria tritici) varied between seasons from slight to moderate with powdery mildew dominating in the first season and septoria leaf spot in the last season. The severity of both powdery mildew and septoria leaf spot assessed as the Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) was increased by application of N in all years, and more so by early applied N. Grain yields increased with increasing N rate and fungicide dose. However, the observed grain yields did not reveal any N×fungicide interactions. Regression models were therefore fitted, relating grain yield to rate and timing of N fertilizer and to AUDPC of powdery mildew and septoria leaf spot, and relating AUDPC to rate and timing of N fertilizer and to fungicide dose. They demonstrated that septoria leaf spot had a considerably higher impact on grain yield than mildew. The optimal fungicide dose and N rate were defined as those giving the highest economic return. The regression models were used to estimate the effect of N rate and timing on optimal fungicide dose, and the effect of fungicide application on optimal N rate. The optimal fungicide dose increased almost linearly with N rate above a minimum N rate, but with a large dependency on price relations. Early applied N caused a higher demand for disease control. The fungicide applications in the model were mainly driven by the need to control septoria leaf spot, whereas powdery mildew gave a poor net return for control. The estimated optimal N fertilizer rate for untreated diseased crops was 60 kg N/ha lower than for crops without disease. The use of fungicides with an efficacy twice that of the EBI-fungicides used in this experiment would increase the optimal N rate by c. 20 kg N/ha.
3
Šikšnianas, T. "Genetic control and combining ability of resistance to American mildew, Septoria leaf spot and gall mite in black currant." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (2017): 596–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10565-pps.
Full textAbstract:
The character of gene interaction determining resistance to fungal diseases and gall mite was investigated by topcrossing method in black currant cultivars and forms of different genetic nature. For crossings three maternal varieties (testers) and seven paternal varieties and forms of different resistance to American mildew, Septoria leaf spot and gall mite were employed. Eleven cultivars and forms were assessed that differed in combining ability of resistance to fungal diseases and gall mite. Resistance to American mildew (Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Septoria leaf spot (Mycosphaerella ribis) is determined by genes with additive effects. In genetic control for resistance to gall mite (Cecidophyopsis ribis) important are both genes – with additive and non-additive (dominant and epistatic) effects. Black currant form D16/1/-25 was ascertained to be a donor of resistance to American mildew and Septoria leaf spot and cultivar Ben Gairn – a donor of resistance to gall mite.
4
Call, Robert E., and Michael E. Matheron. "CONTROL OF SEPTORIA LEAF SPOT OF PISTACHIO (PISTACIA VERA)." HortScience 29, no. 12 (1994): 1408f—1409. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.12.1408f.
Full textAbstract:
Studies were established in 1992 and 1993 in a mature commercial pistachio orchard to determine the effectiveness of several fungicides for control of septoria leaf spot (Septoria pistaciurum). Fungicide treatments used in 1992 were Bravo 720F at 3.0 lbs./A (ai.) and 4.5 lbs./A a.i.; Kocide 101 50W at 8.0 lbs./A a.i. plus Benlate 50W at 1.0 lb./A a.i. Fungicide treatments in 1993 were Bravo 825 WDG at 3.0 and 4.5 lbs./A a.i. and Benlate 50W at 2.0 lbs./A a.i. Treatment replications consisted of two treated trees separated by nontreated trees within the row and nontreated tree rows dividing treated rows. At crop maturity, disease severity was determined by counting the number of leaf spots caused by septoria on ten leaves collected at random from each of the two trees of each replicated plot. All treatments significantly reduced disease severity compared to trees receiving no fungicide treatments. Experimental plots were too small to detect any apparent effect of fungicide treatments on yield. Leaves around nut clusters not receiving fungicide treatments were senescent at crop maturity, while leaves on treated trees showed no sign of senescence.
5
Wicks, TJ. "Fungicidal control of leaf spot (Septoria apiicola) of celery." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 2 (1989): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890261.
Full textAbstract:
Ten fungicides were evaluated and compared in glasshouse and field experiments for the control of celery leaf spot caused by Septoria apiicola. In glasshouse experiments propiconazole (25 mg a.i. L-1) inhibited the development of S. apiicola when applied to celery seedlings 2 days after inoculation and in 1 experiment an application 8 days after inoculation reduced by 10-fold the severity of disease as well as the production of pycnidia. Penconazole (25 mg a.i. L-1), myclobutanil (50 mg a.i. L-1), flusilazole (20 mg a.i. L-1), fenarimol (36 mg a.i. L-1), terbuconazole (25 mg a.i. L-1) and triadimenol(25 mg a.i. L-1) also controlled S. apiicola when applied 2, but not 8 days, after inoculation. Anilazine protected celery seedlings for at least 13 days after application and was the most effective of the fungicides applied before infection. In field experiments, the most effective control of leaf spot was achieved with applications, every 7-10 days, of anilazine (1500 mg a.i. L-1), applied either alone or mixed with propiconazole (25 mg a.i. L-1). Similar applications of propiconazole either alone or mixed with chlorothalonil (150 mg a.i. L-1) also controlled leaf spot, whereas penconazole (25 mg a.i. L-1), flusilazole (20 mg a.i. L-1) and myclobutanil (50 mg a.i. L-1) were not effective.
6
Loughman, R., and G. J. Thomas. "Fungicide and cultivar control of Septoria diseases of wheat." Crop Protection 11, no. 4 (1992): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-2194(92)90062-a.
Full text
7
OLESEN, J. E., L. N. JØRGENSEN, J. PETERSEN, and J. V. MORTENSEN. "Effects of rates and timing of nitrogen fertilizer on disease control by fungicides in winter wheat. 2. Crop growth and disease development." Journal of Agricultural Science 140, no. 1 (2003): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859602002897.
Full textAbstract:
Data from a two-factorial experiment carried out during 3 years were used to analyse the effects of crop nitrogen (N) status on disease development, and the effects of N supply and disease on light interception (IPAR) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). The factors in the experiment comprised seven strategies of N fertilizer application including different N rates and timing of application, and five doses of fungicide application for control of the leaf diseases powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) and septoria leaf spot (Septoria tritici). Light interception was estimated from weekly measurements of crop spectral reflectance. The increase of crop dry matter was mainly affected by N fertilizer and disease through effects on IPAR. Early N application increased IPAR and thus dry matter growth more than later N application. A split N strategy may ensure both high N uptake and high growth rates of the crop. Only septoria leaf spot significantly reduced RUE. Septoria leaf spot was found to be up to nine times more detrimental to grain yield than powdery mildew for similar severity levels. Fungicide applications may therefore be reduced in cases of low powdery mildew severity combined with low crop susceptibility to this disease. This low susceptibility was found to be obtainable with split N application strategies, as the severity of both powdery mildew and septoria leaf spot increased with increasing leaf N concentration. A similar but smaller correlation was obtained between disease severity and canopy size. Measurements of canopy size using spectral reflectance may be used as a simple indicator of general crop susceptibility to disease, whereas measurements of leaf N concentration may be used as input into decision support systems for fungicide application.
8
Ostry, M. E. "Biology of Septoria musiva and Marssonina brunnea in hybrid Populus plantations and control of Septoria canker in nurseries." Forest Pathology 17, no. 3 (1987): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.1987.tb00741.x.
Full text
9
Martynenko, Natalia, Svetlana Lavrentieva, and Olga Tarasova. "Influence of Septoria glycines Hemmi on the enzymes’ activity of hydrolytic Glycines max (L.) Merr seed complex." E3S Web of Conferences 254 (2021): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125402020.
Full textAbstract:
The Septoria leaf spot (Septoria glycines Hemmi), is a harmful pathogen of soybean. To create a resistant variety to this pathogen, a detailed study of physiological processes at the biochemical level is necessary. Enzymes play a leading role in adapting to stressors. It was shown that the specific activity of esterases and RNases of soybean seeds infected with septoria decreased, relative to the control. Multiple forms of enzymes with different electrophoretic mobility were identified, which indicates a decrease in metabolism under the influence of fungal disease. At the same time, the specific activity of amylases and acid phosphatases of soybean seeds was not strongly affected by S. glycine, as evidenced by the relatively stable multiple forms of enzymes.
10
Wyenandt, Christian A., Landon H. Rhodes, Richard M. Riedel, and Mark A. Bennett. "Cover Crop Mulch and Fungicide Program Affect Development of Septoria Leaf Spot and Marketable Yield in Processing Tomato Production." HortScience 43, no. 3 (2008): 807–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.3.807.
Full textAbstract:
The development of septoria leaf spot in processing tomatoes grown on conventional (bare soil) beds or beds with chemically or mechanically killed winter rye (Secale cereale L.) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) cover crop mulch with or without fungicide was examined. The two fungicide treatment programs included fungicide applied weekly (7 d) and a no fungicide control. In mulch bed systems without fungicide, septoria leaf spot caused ≈50% defoliation 10 and 28 d later in 1997 and 1998 than in the conventional system, respectively. In both years, area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values for septoria leaf spot development were lower with the presence of a chemically or mechanically killed mulch compared with the conventional bed system when no fungicide was applied. In 1997, there were no significant differences in AUDPC values for septoria leaf spot development when fungicide was applied weekly. In 1998, AUDPC values were lower in both mulch systems compared with the conventional bed system when fungicide was applied weekly. At harvest in both years, defoliation was highest in the no fungicide control treatment. In 1997, marketable yield was significantly higher in both mulch systems compared with the conventional bed system. Conversely, in 1998, marketable yield was significantly higher in the conventional bed system than in either mulch bed system.
11
YANG, D. "Biological Control of Septoria Leaf Spot of Poplar byPhaeotheca dimorphospora." Plant Disease 78, no. 8 (1994): 821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-78-0821.
Full text
12
Gyenis, Laszlo, Neil A. Anderson, and Michael E. Ostry. "Biological Control of Septoria Leaf Spot Disease of Hybrid Poplar in the Field." Plant Disease 87, no. 7 (2003): 809–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.7.809.
Full textAbstract:
Biological control of Septoria leaf spot of hybrid poplars was investigated using disease-suppressive Streptomyces strains. Field experiments were conducted in 1998 and 1999 on potted trees placed in a hybrid poplar plantation near Rosemount, MN, and on field-planted trees in 1998 at St. Paul. At both locations, one resistant and three susceptible hybrid poplar clones were sprayed with Streptomyces spore suspensions and exposed to natural field inoculum of Septoria musiva. In the 1998 potted-tree experiment, strains GS-93-3, 93, and Mycostop in Tergitol or Triton X-100 solutions applied every 7 days significantly reduced leaf disease by 29 to 83% compared with the controls. In the 1999 potted-tree experiment, Streptomyces strain mixtures in Tergitol solution applied every 5 days significantly reduced leaf disease by 50 to 87% compared with the controls. In the 1998 plantation experiment, strains GS-93-3, 93, or Mycostop in Tergitol solution applied weekly, bi-monthly, or monthly significantly reduced leaf disease in all treatments by 64 to 78% compared with the controls.
13
Vrandečić, K., J. Ćosić, D. Jurković, et al. "First Report of Septoria Leaf Spot of Lavandin Caused by Septoria lavandulae in Croatia." Plant Disease 98, no. 2 (2014): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-13-0735-pdn.
Full textAbstract:
Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loiseleur, commonly known as lavandin, is an aromatic and medicinal perennial shrub widely and traditionally grown in Croatia. The lavandin essential oil is primarily used in perfumery and cosmetic industries, but also possesses anti-inflammatory, sedative, and antibacterial properties. In June 2012, severe foliar and stem symptoms were observed on approximately 40% of plants growing in a commercial lavandin crop in the locality of Banovo Brdo, Republic of Croatia. Initial symptoms on lower leaves included numerous, small, oval to irregular, grayish brown lesions with a slightly darker brown margin of necrotic tissue. Further development of the disease resulted in yellowing and necrosis of the infected leaves followed by premature defoliation. Similar necrotic oval-shaped lesions were observed on stems as well. The lesions contained numerous, dark, sub-globose pycnidia that were immersed in the necrotic tissue or partly erumpent. Small pieces of infected internal tissues were superficially disinfected with 50% commercial bleach (4% NaOCl) and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA). A total of 10 isolates from leaves and five from stems of lavandin formed a slow-growing, dark, circular colonies with raised center that produced pycnidia at 23°C, under 12 h of fluorescent light per day. All 15 recovered isolates formed uniform hyaline, elongate, straight or slightly curved conidia with 3 to 4 septa, with average dimensions of 17.5 to 35 × 1.5 to 2.5 μm. Based on the morphological characteristics, the pathogen was identified as Septoria lavandulae Desm., the causal agent of lavender leaf spot (1,2). Pathogenicity of one selected isolate (428-12) was tested by spraying 10 lavandin seedlings (8 weeks old) with a conidial suspension (106 conidia/ml) harvested from a 4-week-old monoconidial culture on PDA. Five lavandin seedlings, sprayed with sterile distilled water, were used as negative control. After 5 to 7 days, leaf spot symptoms identical to those observed on the source plants developed on all inoculated seedlings and the pathogen was successfully re-isolated. No symptoms were observed on any of the control plants. Morphological identification was confirmed by amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA (3). Total DNA was extracted directly from fungal mycelium with a DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and PCR amplification performed with primers ITS1F/ITS4. Sequence analysis of ITS region revealed at least 99% identity between the isolate 428-12 (GenBank Accession No. KF373078) and isolates of many Septoria species; however, no information was available for S. lavandulae. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Septoria leaf spot of lavandin caused by S. lavandulae in Croatia. Since the cultivation area of lavandin plants has been increasing in many continental parts of Croatia, especially in Slavonia and Baranja counties, the presence of a new and potentially harmful disease may represent a serious constraint for lavandin production and further monitoring is needed. References: (1) T. V. Andrianova and D. W. Minter. IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria, 142, Sheet 1416, 1999. (2) R. Bounaurio et al. Petria 6:183, 1996. (3) G. J. M. Verkley et al. Mycologia 96:558, 2004.
14
BURKE, J. J., and B. DUNNE. "Field testing of six decision support systems for scheduling fungicide applications to control Mycosphaerella graminicola on winter wheat crops in Ireland." Journal of Agricultural Science 146, no. 4 (2008): 415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859607007642.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYField experiments were conducted between 2003 and 2005 to compare the efficacy of five interactive decision support systems (DSSs) (DESSAC, PLANT-Plus, proPLANT Expert, CerDis and Crop Protection Online (CPO)) and an in-crop system (Septoria Timer) to schedule fungicide applications to winter wheat cultivars (Madrigal and Claire) for the control of Mycosphaerella graminicola. The effectiveness of the crop management programmes proposed by the DSSs was compared with that of standard 2-spray programmes applied at GS 37 and 65 and 3-spray programmes applied at GS 32, 39 and 65. Compared with the 3-spray programme, the programme scheduled by CPO advised application of the least active ingredient to the six trials over three seasons, while together with the Septoria Timer it also advised the least number of applications (average 2·3 per crop). The PLANT-Plus system advised the highest input of active ingredient and the highest number of applications (average of 4·0 per crop). The interactive DSSs responded to cultivar susceptibility to M. graminicola by scheduling more applications to the susceptible cv. Madrigal compared with the moderately resistant cv. Claire. Whether control of M. graminicola is expressed as reduction in the proportion of necrosis per leaf or a reduction of the area under the disease progress curve, the 3-spray programme provided the most effective control. The Septoria Timer provided a similar level of control. For the remaining programmes, the effectiveness of control varied with observation date, leaf and cultivar. The 2-spray programme provided the least successful control. Fungicide application significantly increased grain yield each season. The fungicide scheduling programme that provided the highest grain yield varied by cultivar and season. Grain specific weight was enhanced by fungicide application compared with the untreated control, except for cv. Claire in 2004. The fungicide scheduling programme that provided the highest specific weight varied with cultivar and season. The highest average margin over fungicide cost was provided by the Septoria Timer.
15
Garibaldi, A., D. Bertetti, M. T. Amatulli, and M. L. Gullino. "First Report of Septoria Spot of Clementine Caused by Septoria citri in Italy." Plant Disease 95, no. 7 (2011): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-11-0241.
Full textAbstract:
In January 2010, a fruit spot of “Clementine” (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.) was observed on Italian-grown fruit in a market in northern Italy. The surface of the peel of infected fruits had black, irregular, necrotic areas that were slightly depressed, 10 mm in diameter, and surrounded by chlorotic halos. No pycnidia were observed on the necrotic spots. Tissues beneath the necrotic spots, which included the albedo (white pith), appeared dark and a black rot affected the external part of the juice vesicles. Small sections (approximately 3 mm2) of infected internal tissues were cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 25 ppm of streptomycin and maintained at 22 to 24°C. A slow-growing fungus with dark colored mycelium that produced pycnidia was consistently isolated. Conidia were hyaline, elongate, straight or slightly curved, unicellular, but sometimes with one septum, and measured 9.0 to 25.4 × 1.0 to 2.7 (average 17.7 × 1.8) μm. Preliminary morphological identification of the fungal isolates resembling Septoria spp. was confirmed by PCR using genomic DNA extracted from the mycelia of pure cultures. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA was amplified using the primers ITS4/ITS6 and sequenced. BLAST analysis of the 508-bp segment showed a 99% homology with the sequence of Septoria citri (GenBank Accession No. DQ897650). The nucleotide sequence has been assigned the GenBank Accession No. HQ176410. Pathogenicity of one isolate was tested by inoculating 10 fruits. These were wounded at the equatorial level (three wounds per fruit, 5 mm depth) and dipped for 10 s in a conidial suspension (1.2 × 107 conidia/ml). Ten wounded noninoculated fruits were dipped in sterilized water and served as control. Fruits were kept at 10 ± 1°C. After 50 days, dark, sunken necrosis appeared around the wounds of inoculated fruits and the same symptoms first observed were present into the tissues beneath the wounds. S. citri was consistently reisolated from the inoculated fruits. Noninoculated fruits remained healthy. The pathogenicity test was carried out twice. The same disease was observed on other fruits belonging to the Rutaceae family, such as lemon in Greece (3) and on orange and lemon in Australia (1). In Italy, S. citri has been reported on lemon (2) fruit. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of this pathogen on clementine in Italy as well in the world. The presence of Septoria spot on clementine fruits is currently sporadic in Italy; however it is necessary to monitor the incidence of this disease with field and postharvest surveys. References: (1) T. G. B. Osborn and G. Samuel. Trans. R. Soc. Aust. 46:166, 1922. (2) P. Petri. Boll. Stn. Patol. Veg. Roma N.S. 16:1, 1936. (3) D. G. Zachos. FAO Plant Prot. Bull. 6:41, 1957.
16
Joslin*, Karen, Henry Taber, Sara Helland, and Mark Gleason. "Control of the Foliar Disease, Septoria lycopersici, in Organic Tomato Production." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 831B—831. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.831b.
Full textAbstract:
Disease management in organic tomato production poses one of the greatest challenges for organic producers in humid climates. Both organic and conventional tomato growers have relied on copper (Cu) fungicides to control many diseases, including Septoria lycopersici common in tomato production. Concerns have been raised regarding the use of Cu fungicides, because of their potential to cause plant damage and toxicity to beneficial organisms. The objectives of this research were to: 1) investigate the efficacy of compost tea made from either windrow composted cattle manure (WCCM) or vermicomposted cattle manure (VCM), and 2) compare the efficacy of organic fungicides with conventional fungicides to control S. lycopersici in organic tomatoes. Treatments included 1) a control, 2) a conventional treatment in which fungicide applications of Bravo plus Cu and Quadris plus Cu were alternated, 3) copper fungicide (Champion), 4) Serenade™ Fungicide (Bacillus subtilis), 5) WCCM compost tea, and 6) VCM compost tea. Disease pressure was mostly from the bacteria speck/spot complex. Disease severity was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced and marketable yield was 60% higher with the two Cu treatments (No. 2 and 3), compared to other treatments. A follow-up greenhouse experiment is in progress and will be presented with the field data.
17
Welsh, R. D. "Penconazole for the control of Septoria cucurbitacearum in cucurbits." Proceedings of the New Zealand Plant Protection Conference 51 (August 1, 1998): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.1998.51.11696.
Full text
18
Marroni, M. V., S. L. H. Viljanen-Rollinson, R. C. Butler, and Y. Deng. "Fungicide timing for the control of septoria tritici blotch of wheat." New Zealand Plant Protection 59 (August 1, 2006): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2006.59.4550.
Full textAbstract:
A field trial during the 200506 growing season used different fungicides and timing of fungicide applications to manipulate the development of Septoria tritici blotch on artificiallyinoculated wheat (cv Consort) Disease severity was assessed once or twice a week and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) calculated The fungicide azoxystrobin applied at the prestem extension stage of crop growth had the lowest AUDPC and provided the best level of protection against the disease on the top three leaves Good control of the disease was also obtained from prestem extension and stemextension (growth stage GS32) applications of a mixture of azoxystrobin and epoxiconazole Epoxiconazole applied at the prestem extension stage and azoxystrobin and epoxiconazole mixture applied at growth stages 37 and 39 did not provide adequate control of the disease This work is part of a project aiming to provide information for development of disease models and forecast systems to assist growers with disease control decisions
19
Kurt, S. "First Report of Septoria Blight of Parsley Caused by Septoria petroselini in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey." Plant Disease 87, no. 1 (2003): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.1.99a.
Full textAbstract:
During December 2001 to March 2002, Septoria blight of parsley was observed in approximately 500 ha of commercial parsley crops in Arsuz County, Hatay, in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Incidence of disease ranged from 42 to 80%. Symptoms included irregularly shaped, grayish brown spots (average 3 to 8 mm diameter) with a slightly darker brown margin of necrotic tissue that developed into tan-to-brown lesions surrounded by chlorotic halo on the leaves. Oval-shaped lesions were observed occasionally on petioles. Lesions contained erumpent, dark brown, flask-shaped pycnidia with the ostiole on the upper surface of the foliage. Thirty samples, consisting of diseased leaves and petioles of parsley, were collected from each field. Infected tissues were surface-sterilized in 1% NaOCl for 2 min, rinsed in sterile distilled water, placed on petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar (PDA), and incubated for 10 to 14 days at 25°C. The fungus formed long, multiseptate (0 to 4), hyaline, filiform conidia (14 to 29 μm × 0.5 to 1.9 μm), and short conidiophores within the pycnidia. Based on the morphological characteristics of the fungus, the pathogen was identified as Septoria petroselini Desm. (1). Monoconidial cultures of 18 isolates were prepared. Pathogenicity was confirmed by brush-inoculating slightly wounded foliage of 5- to 7- week-old parsley plants (cv. Kereviz yapragi) with a conidial suspension (106 conidia per ml of sterile water) of each isolate of S. petroselini. Control plants that were brush-inoculated with distilled water and inoculated plants were placed in clear polyethylene bags that were closed and incubated at 20°C for 48 h. The bags were removed, and plants were maintained in a dew chamber for 21 days at 65 to 70% relative humidity. Foliar symptoms developed 15 days after inoculation and appeared similar to lesions observed in the field. Yellowing and necrosis of leaves was also observed on >60% of inoculated plants. No lesions developed on the control plants. The pathogen was readily reisolated on PDA from inoculated plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Septoria blight of parsley in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Reference: (1) R. F. Cerkauskas and J. Uyenaka. Plant Dis. 74:1037, 1990.
20
Balykin, Aleksey, and Leonid Shashkarov. "INFLUENCE OF SEED TREATMENT AND VARIETY ON PLANTS DAMAGE OF SPRING BY ROOT ROTS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 4 (2020): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2020-16-19.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the issues of root rot, leaf and stem diseases (septoria, powdery mildew, rust) during tillering-exiting the tube, fusarium and smut during heading, depending on varietal characteristics and seed dressing in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic. Margarita, Simbirtsit and Prokhorovka varieties were studied. The second factor is seed treatment in three grades: 1. Without treatment (control one). 2. Seed treatment with Benlat. 3. Seed treatment with Nano-Gro. The results of the analysis of lesions by root rot, leaf and stem diseases (septoria, powdery mildew, rust) during tillering-exiting the tube, fusarium and smut during heading are presented. The effect of Nano-Gro in combination with the seed dresser Benlat was also studied. It has been shown that pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds with Nano-Gro solution helps to reduce damage by root rot, leaf and stem diseases (septoria, powdery mildew, rust) during tillering-exiting the tube, fusarium and smut during ear formation in spring wheat.
21
Weiland, Jerry E., and Glen R. Stanosz. "The Histology of Hybrid Poplar Clones Inoculated with Septoria musiva." Plant Disease 91, no. 12 (2007): 1524–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-12-1524.
Full textAbstract:
Septoria musiva causes stem cankers that severely limit production of susceptible hybrid poplars in eastern North America. A field experiment was conducted with resistant clone DN34 and susceptible clone NC11505 in order to (i) identify tissues colonized by the pathogen, (ii) describe tissue responses to S. musiva, and (iii) determine whether tissue responses to S. musiva differed between hybrid poplar clones. Branches of each clone were inoculated by removing the fourth or fifth fully expanded leaf and placing an agar plug colonized by an aggressive isolate of S. musiva over the wound. Seven weeks after inoculation, branches were harvested and prepared for histology. Data from nonwounded control, wounded control, and wounded and inoculated stems were collected and analyzed for effects of clone and treatment. In general, fungal colonization was more extensive in NC11505 and exophylactic and necrophylactic periderms (NPs) of clone DN34 were significantly thicker than those of NC11505, regardless of treatment. The number of NPs produced and the distance from the epidermis to the outermost layer of phellem were significantly affected by the pathogen. Inoculated stems of clone DN34 developed a single NP that formed closer to the wound surface than in wounded controls. In contrast, inoculated stems of NC11505 developed successive NPs and the first NP formed further from the wound surface than in wounded controls. These two host responses to inoculation, as well as measures of exophylactic and necrophylactic periderm thickness, may be useful as markers for the selection of poplar resistant to damage by S. musiva.
22
Krzyzińska, Barbara, Mariola Głazek, and Agnieszka Mączyńska. "Seed treatment for control leaf spot diseases of spring wheat." Acta Agrobotanica 58, no. 1 (2012): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2005.006.
Full textAbstract:
In the years 2001 and 2002 at the Institute of Plant Protection Branch in Sooenicowice research work was performed on seed treatment with fungicides against leaf diseases of spring wheat cv. Ismena caused by pathogenic fungi: <i>Blumeria graminis</i>, <i>Phaeasphaeria nodorum</i>, <i>Puccinia recondita</i> i <i>Pyrenophora tritici</i>-<i>repentis</i>. Two variants of protection were included in the experiment: seed dressing with fungicides or seed dressing and single application of foliar spray at GS 49. At early growth stages of spring wheat a very high biological activity against powdery mildew, septoria leaf spot, brown rust and tan spot was recorded for seed dressing containing triticonazole+prochloraz. In the case of triadimenol+imazalil+fuberidazole only a weak, but long-lasting effect against brown rust and septoria leaf spot was observed. Leaf infection as well as 1000 grain mass and yield, in the experimental combination with using triticonazole+prochloraz were on the same level as in the experimental variant where after seed dressing with triadimenol+imazalil+fuberidazole plots were sprayed with tridemorf+epoxykonazole at GS 49. It was concluded that seed dressing preparation containing triticonazole+prochloraz constituted a good base for protection of spring wheat against foliar diseases.
23
Kovács, Gergő, Éva Zámbori-Németh, and Géza Nagy. "SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LEMON BALM (Melissa officinalis L.) VARIETIES TO SEPTORIA LEAF SPOT (Septoria melissae Desm.) IN HUNGARY." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 18, no. 1 (2019): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2019.1.5.
Full textAbstract:
Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) is a widely cultivated plant in Europe. Septoria melissae Desm. is the most important pathogen of lemon balm crops, which may cause serious yield loss by the severe leaf fall. As chemical control of the pathogen is restricted, alternative plant protection methods, like the use of tolerant varieties, should be taken under consideration. The goal of our work was to evaluate the susceptibility of three lemon balm varieties to Septoria leaf spot in field. The trials were carried out in 2016 and 2017 in Budapest-Soroksár, Hungary. Dynamics of infection showed characteristic sharp increase from the beginning of August in both years. The lowest infection levels were observed in cultivar ‘Lemona’. The disease incidence in the middle of August was 19% in the first year and 59% in the second year, while these values were over 40% and 70% in the other cultivars ‘Soroksári’ and ‘Quedlinburger Niederliegende’, respectively. The manifestation of symptomps was also significantly lighter on the ‘Lemona’ plants and they had the highest ratio of healthy leaves (81%) compared to the other cultivars. According to the data, weather conditions might modify the range of the differences among the cultivars. It was concluded that appropriate selection of varieties could be an effective and enviromental friendly plant protection method in the practice of lemon balm cultivation.
24
Tateda, Chika, Kazue Obara, Yoshiko Abe, et al. "The Host Stomatal Density Determines Resistance to Septoria gentianae in Japanese Gentian." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 32, no. 4 (2019): 428–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-05-18-0114-r.
Full textAbstract:
Plant stomata represent the main battlefield for host plants and the pathogens that enter plant tissues via stomata. Septoria spp., a group of ascomycete fungi, use host plant stomata for invasion and cause serious damage to agricultural plants. There is no evidence, however, showing the involvement of stomata in defense systems against Septoria infection. In this study, we isolated Septoria gentianae 20-35 (Sg20-35) from Gentiana triflora showing gentian leaf blight disease symptoms in the field. Establishment of an infection system using gentian plants cultured in vitro enabled us to observe the Sg20-35 infection process and estimate its virulence in several gentian cultivars or lines. Sg20-35 also entered gentian tissues via stomata and showed increased virulence in G. triflora compared with G. scabra and their interspecific hybrid. Notably, the susceptibility of gentian cultivars to Sg20-35 was associated with their stomatal density on the adaxial but not abaxial leaf surface. Treatment of EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR-LIKE 9 (EPFL9/STOMAGEN) peptides, a small secreted peptide controlling stomatal density in Arabidopsis thaliana, increased stomatal density on the adaxial side of gentian leaves as well. Consequently, treated plants showed enhanced susceptibility to Sg20-35. These results indicate that stomatal density on the adaxial leaf surface is one of the major factors determining the susceptibility of gentian cultivars to S. gentianae and suggest that stomatal density control may represent an effective strategy to confer Septoria resistance.
25
Brogin, C. R. L., C. A. A. Arias, and J. F. F. Toledo. "Genetic control of soybean resistance to brown spot (Septoria glycines): first studies." Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 3, no. 1 (2003): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12702/1984-7033.v03n01a05.
Full text
26
Ben M'Barek, Sarrah, Petteri Karisto, Wided Abdedayem, et al. "Improved control of septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat using cultivar mixtures." Plant Pathology 69, no. 9 (2020): 1655–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ppa.13247.
Full text
27
Bounds, R. S., and M. K. Hausbeck. "Comparing Disease Predictors and Fungicide Programs for Late Blight Management in Celery." Plant Disease 91, no. 5 (2007): 532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-5-0532.
Full textAbstract:
Late blight, incited by the fungus Septoria apiicola, is the most important foliar disease of celery in Michigan and results in necrotic lesions on leaves and petioles that can reduce yield up to 80%. Most celery growers apply the fungicide chlorothalonil as frequently as every 7 days to protect the crop; however, some of these applications may not be needed when environmental conditions do not favor disease development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate disease predictors using a standard (chlorothalonil) and a reduced-risk (azoxystrobin alternated with chlorothalonil) fungicide program for managing late blight on ‘Dutchess’ celery in 2003 to 2005. Fungicides were initiated 1 week after transplanting and reapplied every 7 days or according to the Septoria, Cercospora, or TOM-CAST predictors. The TOM-CAST predictor was tested using 10, 15, and 20 disease severity values (DSV) as thresholds for fungicide application. In each year of this study, timing sprays according to the TOM-CAST 10-DSV predictor resulted in disease control comparable with the 7-day interval, but required up to five fewer sprays and reduced fungicide costs up to $215/ha. The Septoria, Cercospora, and TOM-CAST 15-DSV predictors often provided control similar to the 7-day interval, but these predictors were somewhat inconsistent compared with TOM-CAST 10-DSV. The TOM-CAST 20-DSV predictor required the fewest number of sprays but unacceptable levels of disease resulted. The standard and reduced-risk fungicide programs frequently provided similar control; however, azoxystrobin alternated with chlorothalonil was more effective than chlorothalonil alone when disease pressure was high.
28
Maldaner, Ivan C., Arno B. Heldwein, Mateus P. Bortoluzzi, Luis H. Loose, Dionéia D. P. Lucas, and Jocélia R. da Silva. "Irrigation and fungicide application on disease occurrence and yield of early and late sown sunflower." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 19, no. 7 (2015): 630–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n7p630-635.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation and fungicide application on the occurrence of diseases and cypsela yield of two genotypes of sunflower. The experiments were carried out in Santa Maria-RS, during the regular season in 2007 and the late season, in 2008. Plants were sown on 04/09/2007 and 21/01/2008, in a completely randomized design, with four replicates. A 2 x 6 factorial scheme was used, with the sunflower genotypes Aguará 03 and Hélio 358 and six fungicide application schemes, which were determined by the FAST forecasting system, as follows: FAST 16, FAST 22 and FAST 28, without irrigation, FAST 16 IRR under irrigated condition, in addition to irrigated control (CONTROL IRR) and control (CONTROL). Disease progress was analyzed based on weekly observations of the severity of the symptoms. It was verified that irrigation increases sunflower cypsela yield in the regular season, provided that weather conditions are not favorable for the occurrence of alternaria and septoria leaf blights or that fungicides are applied. In the late season, under irrigated condition, fungicide application is necessary to control alternaria and septoria leaf blights.
29
Tedla, T. "EFFECT OF CAPTAFOL AND RIDOMIL (R) MZ IN THE CONTROL OF LATE BLIGHT (PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS) AND SEPTORIA LEAF SPOT (SEPTORIA LYCOPERSICI) ON TOMATO." Acta Horticulturae, no. 158 (May 1985): 389–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1985.158.45.
Full text
30
KARKANIS, Anestis Christos, Evangelos VELLIOS, Filippos GRIGORIOU, Theodoros GKRIMPIZIS, and Persephoni GIANNOULI. "Evaluation of Efficacy and Compatibility of Herbicides with Fungicides in Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) under Different Environmental Conditions: Effects on Grain Yield and Gluten Content." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 46, no. 2 (2018): 601–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha46211208.
Full textAbstract:
In the present study, field experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy and compatibility of herbicides and fungicides in durum wheat under Mediterranean semi-arid conditions, in Central Greece. Our results indicate that the herbicide florasulam+2.4-D was safe and did not cause any injury when applied alone or with fungicides, while bromoxynil+2.4-D mixed with azoxystrobin or trifloxystrobin+prothioconazole caused injury symptoms on leaves. The injury symptoms were transient, and observed only at Velestino area, where low temperatures and broad diurnal temperature fluctuations were recorded during the pesticides application period. Regarding septoria leaf blotch control, good results showed strobilurin alone or in mixture with a triazole, regardless the herbicide that was added to the mixture. The results of this study showed that bromoxynil+2.4-D caused injury when mixed with fungicides and applied under cold temperatures, while one fungicide application at stem elongation provided adequate Septoria leaf blotch control.
31
Jalli, Marja, Janne Kaseva, Björn Andersson, et al. "Yield increases due to fungicide control of leaf blotch diseases in wheat and barley as a basis for IPM decision-making in the Nordic-Baltic region." European Journal of Plant Pathology 158, no. 2 (2020): 315–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-02075-w.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Fungal plant diseases driven by weather factors are common in European wheat and barley crops. Among these, septoria tritici blotch (Zymoseptoria tritici), tan spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis), and stagonospora nodorum blotch (Parastagonospora nodorum) are common in the Nordic-Baltic region at variable incidence and severity both in spring and winter wheat fields. In spring barley, net blotch (Pyrenophora teres), scald (Rhynchosporium graminicola, syn. Rhynchosporium commune) and ramularia leaf spot (Ramularia collo-cygni) are common yield limiting foliar diseases. We analysed data from 449 field trials from 2007 to 2017 in wheat and barley crops in the Nordic-Baltic region and explored the differences in severity of leaf blotch diseases between countries and years, and the impact of the diseases on yield. In the experiments, septoria tritici blotch dominated in winter wheat in Denmark and southern Sweden; while in Lithuania, both septoria tritici blotch and tan spot were common. In spring wheat, stagonospora nodorum blotch dominated in Norway and tan spot in Finland. Net blotch and ramularia leaf blotch were the most severe barley diseases over large areas, while scald occurred more locally and had less yield impact in all countries. Leaf blotch diseases, with severity >50% at DC 73–77, caused an average yield loss of 1072 kg/ha in winter wheat and 1114 kg/ha in spring barley across all countries over 5 years. These data verify a large regional and yearly variation in disease severity, distribution and impact on yield, emphasizing the need to adapt fungicide applications to the actual need based on locally adapted risk assessment systems.
32
Gangaiah*, Chandrappa, Edward E. Carey, and Ned A. Tisserat. "Suppression of Septoria Leaf Spot Disease of Tomato Using Aerated Compost Tea." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 831D—831. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.831d.
Full textAbstract:
Compost teas, made using an aerated brewing process, have been reported to have potential for controlling a range of plant diseases and improving crop health. Septoria leaf spot of tomato, caused by the fungus Septoria lycopersici, is a common and destructive disease of tomato in Kansas. A field trial was conducted at Wichita, Kansas during Summer 2003 to evaluate the potential of pre-plant compost, and compost tea applied as a foliar spray or through drip fertigation, to control Septoria leaf spot of tomato. The experimental design included three factors: Pre-plant application of 13N-13P-13K or vermicompost; fertigation with CaNO3 or compost tea; and foliar spray with compost tea, fungicide (Dithane) or water. A split plot design was used with fertigation treatments as main plots and the other two factors as sub-plots. There were 3 replications. Tomato cultivar Merced was used and individual plots consisted of 5 plants grown on beds covered with red plastic mulch and supported by stake and weave system. Aerated compost tea was brewed weekly using a vermicompost-based recipe including alfalfa pellets, molasses, humic acid, fish emulsion and yucca extract and applied to plots starting 2 weeks after transplanting. Disease incidence and severity were recorded weekly for 3 weeks following the appearance of disease. Plots were harvested twice weekly and counts of No. 1, No 2 and cull grade tomatoes were recorded. There were no effects of pre-plant or fertigation treatments on Septoria leaf spot disease, but there was a significant effect due to foliar sprays, with mean severity of compost-tea-sprayed plots (26.3%) and fungicide-sprayed plots (31.9%) significantly lower than water-sprayed plots (45.9%) at trial termination.
33
O'Connell, M. N., V. Kethees Wararajah, A. F. Fieldsend, and F. J. Cullum. "Sources of infection and methods of control of Septoria oenotheraein evening primrose (Oenotheraspp.)." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 53, no. 4 (2005): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.53.2005.4.4.
Full textAbstract:
Septoria oenotheraeWest. can cause severe damage in overwintered crops of evening primrose (Oenothera spp.), including complete crop loss. Damage would be reduced if the sources of infection could be identified and removed. Examination of seed capsules inoculated with S. oenotheraeshowed that 96% of the pycnidia present were on the outside of the capsules, and seeds bearing pycnidia were only rarely found. However, internal infection of seeds from these capsules was demonstrated by both a blotter test and by culturing on agar media. Immersing seeds in 45°C water for 25 minutes destroyed viable fungal propagules located internally in seeds without reducing seed germination. The pathogen was also shown to overwinter in the pycnidial stage on stems left standing in the field. It is concluded that both internal seed-borne infection and overwintered crop debris are potential sources of infection in commercial seed stocks of evening primrose.
34
Bounds, R. S., and M. K. Hausbeck. "Evaluation of Disease Thresholds and Predictors for Managing Late Blight in Celery." Plant Disease 92, no. 3 (2008): 438–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-3-0438.
Full textAbstract:
Late blight of celery, incited by Septoria apiicola, results in necrotic lesions on leaves and petioles and reduces yield when it occurs on marketable petioles. Michigan celery growers typically begin applying fungicides 1 to 3 weeks after transplanting and reapply fungicides at 7- to 10-day intervals to manage late blight. Using disease thresholds or predictors to prompt fungicide sprays may reduce the number of applications needed for effective disease control. Weekly treatments of azoxystrobin alternated with chlorothalonil were initiated early (1 week after transplanting), preventively (4 weeks after transplanting), or when disease symptoms were detected at a trace, 5%, or 10% level on ‘Dutchess’ celery plants in 2003 and 2004. The early and preventive programs were equally effective in preventing petiole blight and yield loss. The preventive program required three fewer applications, at a savings of up to $134/ha, when compared with an early fungicide program initiated 1 week after transplanting. Delaying the initial fungicide application until disease symptoms were detected resulted in high disease levels at harvest that were often similar to untreated control plants. Additional field trials were established in 2004 and 2005 at a research farm where S. apiicola inoculum was applied and at a commercial field where early blight, caused by Cercospora apii, developed from naturally occurring inoculum. A fungicide program that alternated chlorothalonil with azoxystrobin was initiated preventively and reapplied weekly or according to the Septoria predictor or TOM-CAST 10-disease severity value (DSV) and was compared with the standard, weekly application program initiated early. Combining the use of preventive initial applications with the Septoria predictor or TOM-CAST 10-DSV reduced the number of sprays by two to six while providing disease control that was comparable with the standard weekly fungicide program initiated early. These programs reduced fungicide expenditures by $71 to $213/ha compared with the weekly fungicide program initiated early.
35
Bonacci, Martin, Ángela N. Formento, Fernando Daita, et al. "Assessment of Fungal Pathogens Affecting the Weed Conyza bonariensis in Argentina." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 3 (2018): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n3p62.
Full textAbstract:
In the last years Conyza bonariensis has become an important weed and control is difficult with the use of current technology in Argentinean pampas region. The increasing prevalence of herbicide-resistant weed species, public concern related to pesticide use and the introduction of government policies for pesticide reduction, is driving the search for alternative methods to chemical control. The aims of the present study were to detect fungal diseases associated with C. bonariensis, to identify fungal isolates from the symptomatic leaves and to confirm through Koch’s postulates the isolates pathogenicity. Mycological analysis of symptomatic leaves showed the presence of twelve genera of filamentous fungi. Among 116 isolates, Colletotrichum spp. was the most prevalent genus followed by Nigrospora spp. and Septoria spp. In the pathogenicity assays, 22 out of 116 isolates were able to comply with the Koch’s postulates. The pathogenic isolates were included into three genera Alternaria spp., Colletotrichum spp. and Septoria spp. This study provides the first report that demonstrates pathogenicity of fungal isolates on C. bonariensis in Argentina and represents the first step in a future biocontrol program.
36
Malakhov, Dmitry. "The septoria leaf blotch of wheat in Central Kazakhstan: prognosis, evaluation and monitoring with remotely sensed data." Journal of Geoinformatics & Environmental Research 2, no. 1 (2021): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.38094/jgier2124.
Full textAbstract:
Fungal diseases represent a widely spread natural phenomenon affecting many of wild and domesticated plants. In nature, all plant species forms plant communities of a mixed character, and the spatial pattern of dominant species is usually irregular and spotted. Some species are impregnable to a certain infection, which provides a kind of natural barrier to the infection spread within the natural community. Under the agricultural environment, when the single plant species may occupy a huge area, the species-specific parasite takes a great advantage to develop focal outbreaks and fast spreading of the infection within the area. The concentration of vulnerable plants and the absence of natural barriers within the agricultural areas provokes outbreaks of fungal diseases, that may have highly harmful consequences and result in significant yield losses. One of the purposes of the satellite optical data is an operative, cost-effective diagnostic and, in combination with climatic datasets and crop rotation information, a prognosis of fungal disease appearance and severity. In this paper, we describe the system of prognostic and monitoring measures to control the fungal diseases of wheat in Central Kazakhstan with special attention to septoria leaf blotch. The prognostic procedure provides a map of the probability of septoria leaf blotch appearance. The prognosis takes into consideration the combination of three main variables: the model of ecological niche for Septoria, the presence of wheat residue, and Vegetation Condition Index counted for the late spring (May) of the current year. The new spectral index, introduced in this paper, is the core component of monitoring activity. The index is sensitive to septoria leaf blotch severity at middle to late (stages 8-11, accordingly Feekes growth stages) periods of wheat development. Several other indices (RETA, VSDI, vegetation indices) may be of help in providing information on the spatial unevenness of wheat crops that may indicate the presence of fungal infection.
37
Araújo, João Paulo Braga, Edson Luiz Furtado, Hélio Grassi Filho, and Ana Paula Zimbardi Lombardi. "APLICAÇÃO DE FUNGICIDA NA CULTURA DO TOMATEIRO VIA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO EM CULTIVO PROTEGIDO." IRRIGA 7, no. 2 (2002): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2002v7n2p81-90.
Full textAbstract:
APLICAÇÃO DE FUNGICIDA NA CULTURA DO TOMATEIRO VIA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO EM CULTIVO PROTEGIDO João Paulo Braga Araújo Departamento de Engenharia Rural,Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas,Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 237, CEP 18603-970, Botucatu – SP, Fone (0xx14)6802-7194Edson Luiz FurtadoHélio Grassi FilhoDepartamento de Recursos Naturais, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 237, CEP 18603-970, Botucatu – SP, Fone (0xx14)6802-7143, E-mail: heliograssi@fca.unesp.brAna Paula Zimbardi LombardiDepartamento de Proteção de Plantas, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas,Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 237, CEP 18603-970, Botucatu – SP, Fone (0xx14)6802-7167 1 RESUMO O presente trabalho objetivou estudar os efeitos de uma nova técnica de aplicação de fungicida, através da água de irrigação (gotejamento), na cultura do tomate híbrido “Débora Plus”, no controle da doença causada pelo fungo Septoria lycopersici Sepg. Além de estudar a comparação dos tipos de aplicação, foi estudado também 6 (seis) doses do fungicida benomyl na fungigação. As doses utilizadas foram: 75% (59,5 mg/vaso), 50% (119,0 mg/vaso), 25% a menos da dose recomendada (178,5 mg/vaso), 100% da dose recomendada (238,0 mg/vaso), 25% (297,5 mg/vaso) e 50% superior à dose recomendada (357,0 mg/vaso). As doses utilizadas nas aplicações via pulverização foram de 100% da dose recomendada pelo fabricante (238,0 mg/vaso). Para efeito de comparação entre os tratamentos avaliaram-se o número e pesos das matérias fresca e seca dos frutos colhidos e a altura das plantas. Na instalação do experimento adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com oito tratamentos e cinco repetições. De acordo com os resultados obtidos verificou-se que a aplicação convencional do benomyl, para controle da septoriose do tomateiro, foi superior à fungigação. Não houve diferença significativa entre as diferentes dosagens do produto na fungigação, mas houve o controle da doença. O parâmetro altura das plantas foi semelhante para todos os tratamentos, evidenciando que tanto a fungigação como a pulverização convencional não interferiu no crescimento das mesmas. O cultivo das plantas em casa de vegetação, utilizando vasos, proporcionou excelente resultado no controle de pragas e doenças, pois os tomateiros não apresentaram pragas tampouco outras doenças, além da Septoria lycopersici, que foi inoculada. Mesmo nas plantas testemunhas não houve disseminação da septoriose e, a irrigação com garrafas individuais também indicou bons resultados, pois deste modo sabe-se a quantidade de exata de fertilizantes, defensivos e água aplicada na planta. UNITERMOS: fungigação; benomyl; septoriose; gotejamento. ARAÚJO, J.P.B., GRASSI FILHO, H., FURTADO, E.L., LOMBARDI, A.P.Z. FUNGICIDE APLICATION ON TOMATO CROP BY DRIP IRRIGATION UNDER GREEN HOUSE CONDITIONS 2 ABSTRACT This research aimed to study the effects of a new fungicide application technique using irrigation water (drip irrigation) in “Debora Plus” hybrid tomato crop on the disease control caused by Septoria lycopersici Sepg mushroom. Besides comparing the application types, six doses of benomyl fungicide on the fungigation have also been studied. The doses were applied as follows: 75% (59.5 mg/pot), 50% (119.0 mg/pot), 25% under the recommended dose (178.5 mg/pot), 100% recommended dose (238.0 mg/pot), 25% (297.5 mg/pot) and 50% over the recommended dose (357.0 mg/pot). The spraying application doses were 100% the recommended dose (238.0 mg/pot). For comparative effect among treatments, fruit number, dry and fresh matter weight and height have been evaluated. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 8 treatments and 5 replications. . The results showed that the benomyl conventional application for tomato septoriosis control was better than the fungigation. There was no significant difference among different dosages of the product in the fungigation although there was the disease control. Plant height was similar for all treatments showing that both fungigation and conventional spraying had no influence on plant growth. Plant growing using pots under greenhouse condition provided excellent results on disease and pest control, as the tomato plants did not present neither pests nor other diseases unless Septoria lycopersici which was inoculated. There was no Septoria dissemination even on the control plants. The irrigation using single bottles has also presented good results since the exact amount of applied fertilizer, pesticide and water is known through this procedure. KEYWORDS: fungigation; benomyl; septoriosis; drip irrigation.
38
Wszelaki, Annette L., and Sally A. Miller. "Determining the Efficacy of Disease Management Products in Organically-Produced Tomatoes." Plant Health Progress 6, no. 1 (2005): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2005-0713-01-rs.
Full textAbstract:
Sixteen disease control products or product combinations used in organic production systems were tested for efficacy against tomato diseases. Disease pressure was low in 2002, and no treatment significantly reduced disease relative to the control. In 2003, early blight and Septoria leaf spot developed late in the season, and Bordeaux mixture, copper hydroxide, garlic and neem oils, seaweed extract, and Serenade reduced disease development compared to the control. Plots treated with Sonata yielded the most marketable fruit. Accepted for publication 18 May 2005. Published 13 July 2005.
39
Wicks, T. J. "Glasshouse and field evaluation of fungicides for the control of Septoria apiicola on celery." Crop Protection 9, no. 6 (1990): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-2194(90)90133-r.
Full text
40
McCartney, C. A., A. L. Brûlé-Babel, and L. Lamari. "Inheritance of Race-Specific Resistance to Mycosphaerella graminicola in Wheat." Phytopathology® 92, no. 2 (2002): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2002.92.2.138.
Full textAbstract:
Mycosphaerella graminicola causes Septoria tritici blotch of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat. The inheritance of high-level resistance to Septoria tritici blotch was studied in controlled environment experiments. Intraspecific reciprocal crosses were made between hexaploid wheat lines Salamouni, ST6, Katepwa, and Erik, and the tetraploid wheat lines Coulter and 4B1149. Parental, F1, F2, F3, BC1F1, and BC1F2 populations were evaluated for reaction to isolates MG2 and MG96-36 of M. graminicola. Resistance was controlled by incompletely dominant nuclear genes in all cases. Salamouni had three independent resistance genes to isolate MG2, two of which also controlled resistance to isolate MG96-36. ST6 had a single resistance gene to isolate MG2 and none to isolate MG96-36. The resistance genes in Salamouni and ST6 were not allelic. Two independent genes control resistance to isolate MG2 in Coulter, one of which also controlled resistance to isolate MG96-36. These data are consistent with a gene-for-gene interaction in the wheat-M. graminicola pathosystem.
41
Dillard, H. R., S. A. Johnston, A. C. Cobb, and G. H. Hamilton. "An Assessment of Fungicide Benefits for the Control of Fungal Diseases of Processing Tomatoes in New York and New Jersey." Plant Disease 81, no. 6 (1997): 677–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.6.677.
Full textAbstract:
Concurrent studies on the benefits of fungicide use for control of fungal diseases of processing tomatoes were conducted in New York and New Jersey in 1993 and 1994. Fungicides (chlorothalonil at 2.5 kg/ha or mancozeb at 1.68 kg/ha) were applied at 7-, 10-, or 14-day intervals to processing tomatoes for control of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum coccodes, early blight caused by Alternaria solani, and Septoria leaf spot caused by Septoria lycopersici. The New Jersey trial included an additional treatment using the disease-warning system TOM-CAST. All fungicide treatments significantly reduced foliar disease severity (in New York) and anthracnose incidence (New York and New Jersey) in the 2 years of study. Yield of usable fruit was significantly increased by all fungicide treatments with the exception of the TOM-CAST treatment using the cultivar Brigade in 1994 in New Jersey. In New York, usable yield and financial benefit were consistently the highest in plots treated with chlorothalonil on a 7-day interval. In New Jersey, the highest usable yields and the greatest financial benefits occurred in the chlorothalonil 7- and 10-day interval treatments in 1993. At both locations, the yield and financial benefit associated with the fungicide treatments was primarily due to suppression of anthracnose and other fruit rots. Suppression of foliar diseases was less important.
42
Newcombe, George, and Mike Ostry. "Recessive Resistance to Septoria Stem Canker of Hybrid Poplar." Phytopathology® 91, no. 11 (2001): 1081–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2001.91.11.1081.
Full textAbstract:
Stem canker, caused by Septoria musiva, is the most serious disease limiting intensive hybrid poplar culture in eastern North America. Populus deltoides (D) is itself resistant, but the susceptibility of western black cottonwood, P. trichocarpa (T) is apparently dominant in the F1 generation. To test a hypothesis of recessive inheritance of canker resistance, a three-generation T × D pedigree was deployed in the field in Iowa and Minnesota. In both sites and in keeping with expectations, P. trichocarpa and its F1 hybrids were susceptible to canker, whereas the P. deltoides parent was resistant. In Iowa, 10 of 70 F2 (TD × TD) individuals were free of canker, suggesting that a single recessive gene might control resistance. In the third year in Minnesota, more resistant individuals than expected were seen in the F2 generation and in TD × D and T × TD backcross progenies due to disease escape. By the fifth year, this was no longer an issue, but winter injury may have eliminated many clones. Qualitatively, however, evidence for recessive inheritance of resistance was still obtained. The only canker-free clones were in the TD × D backcross and the F2 generation, the two progenies in which they were expected. However, conclusive evidence that recessive canker resistance is conferred by a single gene was not obtained in this field study.
43
Burge, M. N., and J. A. Irvine. "Recent studies on the potential for biological control of bracken using fungi." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 86 (1985): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000008125.
Full textAbstract:
SynopsisCurl-tip disease of bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) is recorded from many sites in Great Britain. Evidence is presented which corroborates the findings of earlier workers that more than one organism is associated with the disease. Three fungi (Phoma aquilina, Ascochyta pteridis and Septoria sp.) are commonly isolated, even from the first visible necroses, suggesting that synergism may operate in pathogenesis. However, Phoma aquilina Sacc. and Penz. is more pathogenic than the others when used independently in inoculations via wounds into bracken raised in growth cabinets or the greenhouse. Field trials of a formulation of spores of P. aquilina, suspended in a dilute solution of the herbicide ioxynil with broth and glycerol, are reported. The potential of such a mycoherbicide for bracken control is considered.
44
Garibaldi, A., D. Bertetti, and M. L. Gullino. "First Report of Septoria Leaf Spot on Cornus sericea in Italy." Plant Disease 87, no. 2 (2003): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.2.204b.
Full textAbstract:
Cornus sericea (synonym C. stolonifera), family Cornaceae, is becoming widely used in Italy as ground cover in parks and gardens. In spring 2001, severe outbreaks of a previously unknown disease were observed in several gardens located in northern Italy (Biella Province). Infected leaves displayed small, circular, angular, or irregular necrotic lesions measuring 1 to 3 mm in diameter. Lesions were olivaceous to dark brown with a distinct reddish-to-black margin and surrounded by a chlorotic halo. Lesions eventually coalesced. Under favorable conditions, infected leaves become heavily spotted, dulling their appearance; severe infections resulted in premature defoliation. Pycnidia occurred on diseased leaves, and a fungus identified as Septoria cornicola (1) was consistently isolated on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Dark mycelium grew slowly on PDA and produced abundant pycnidia and conidia. Conidia were holoblastic, hyaline, 2 to 6 septate, 22 to 48 µm (average 35) × 2.2 to 3.6 µm (average 2.5). Pathogenicity tests were performed by inoculating leaves of healthy plants of C. sericea (cv. Flaviramea) with a conidial suspension (1 × 106 CFU/ml). Noninoculated plants served as controls. Plants were covered for 72 h with plastic bags and maintained in a growth chamber at 20°C. The first lesions developed on leaves of inoculated plants after 15 days. From such lesions, S. cornicola was consistently reisolated. No symptoms occurred on control plants. The presence of S. cornicola on C. sericea cv. Flaviramea has been reported in the United States (2) and was observed in 1905 in northeastern Italy on Cornus sanguinea (1), but to our knowledge, this is the first report of septoria leaf spot on C. sericea in Italy. References: (1) D. F. Farr. Mycologia, 83:611, 1991. (2) D. Neely and D. S. Nolte. J. Arboric. 15:263, 1989.
45
Ghebrial, Eman, and Adel Kenawy. "Using Some Fungicide-Alternatives to Control Septoria Leaf Spot of Celery and Improve its Yield." Egyptian Journal of Phytopathology 46, no. 2 (2018): 107–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejp.2018.115726.
Full text
46
TRUJILLO, EDUARDO E. "Septoria Leaf Spot, a Potential Biological Control for Banana Poka Vine in Forests of Hawaii." Plant Disease 78, no. 9 (1994): 883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-78-0883.
Full text
47
Verreet, J. A. "A Biologically Oriented Threshold Decision Model for Control of Eflemics of Septoria nodorum in Wheat." Plant Disease 74, no. 10 (1990): 731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-74-0731.
Full text
48
Arraiano, L. S., N. Balaam, P. M. Fenwick, et al. "Contributions of disease resistance and escape to the control of septoria tritici blotch of wheat." Plant Pathology 58, no. 5 (2009): 910–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02118.x.
Full text
49
HANSEN, J. G., B. J. M. SECHER, L. N. JØRGENSEN, and B. WELLING. "Thresholds for control of Septoria spp. in winter wheat based on precipitation and growth stage." Plant Pathology 43, no. 1 (1994): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1994.tb00569.x.
Full text
50
Lynch, K. M., E. Zannini, J. Guo, et al. "Control of Zymoseptoria tritici cause of septoria tritici blotch of wheat using antifungal Lactobacillus strains." Journal of Applied Microbiology 121, no. 2 (2016): 485–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.13171.
Full text