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Ohta, Akihiro, Akihiko Kojima, Terumi Saito, et al. "First Synthesis of (+)-Septorine." HETEROCYCLES 32, no. 5 (1991): 923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/com-91-5682.
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OHTA, A., A. KOJIMA, T. SAITO, et al. "ChemInform Abstract: First Synthesis of (+)-Septorine (I)." ChemInform 22, no. 45 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199145293.
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Barbier, Michel, and Michel Devys. "Syntheses dans la serie de la septorine: photooxydation du groupe methylene d'une benzylpyrazine." Tetrahedron Letters 26, no. 6 (1985): 733–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)89122-4.
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Devys, Michel, Michel Barbier, Albert Kollmann, and Jean-François Bousquet. "N-Methoxy septorinol, a substituted pyrazine from the fungus Septoria nodorum." Phytochemistry 31, no. 12 (1992): 4393–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(92)80492-w.
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Becker, Walter Ferreira. "Avaliação de sistemas de previsão para a septoriose do tomateiro tutorado em Caçador, SC, Brasil." Agropecuária Catarinense 32, no. 3 (2019): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22491/rac.2019.v32n3.8.
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A septoriose, causada pelo fungo Septoria lycopersici, é uma das mais importantes doenças do tomateiro tutorado em Caçador, SC, Brasil. A doença é geralmente controlada pela aplicação preventiva de fungicidas. Experimentos de campo foram realizados com o objetivo de avaliar sistemas de previsão dessa doença: um com base no sistema TomCast (10, 15 e 20 valores de severidade – VSD), outro pelo período de molhamento foliar (limiar ≥ 12 horas), ambos comparados com a aplicação semanal de fungicidas. O TomCast utiliza a duração do molhamento foliar e a temperatura média deste período para calcular o valor de severidade diário da doença (VSD). Não houve diferença significativa entre o tratamento semanal e os previsores em relação a produtividade, severidade final, área abaixo da curva do progresso da doença e taxa de infecção aparente (r). Entretanto, com o tratamento 20-VSD houve redução de 12,5 a 70% das pulverizações em relação ao tratamento semanal. Termos para indexação: Solanum lycopersicum; sistema de alerta; TomCast; Septoria lycopersici; método de controle
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Baldicera, Alana Karine, Amauri Bogo, Francine Regianini Nerbass, Walter Ferreira Becker, Ricardo Trezzi Casa, and Fábio Nascimento da Silva. "Sensibilidade de isolados de Septoria lycopersici e eficácia de fungicidas no controle de septoriose em tomateiro." Revista de Ciências Agroveterinárias 19, no. 2 (2020): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5965/223811711922020159.
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A septoriose é uma das principais doenças do tomateiro e os prejuízos causados variam em função da área cultivada com cultivar suscetível, raças fisiológicas do patógeno e condições climáticas. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a dose efetiva na inibição de 50% da germinação de esporos (DE50), avaliar o fator de redução de sensibilidade (FRS) de isolados de Septoria lycopersici e a eficiência de fungicidas tradicionalmente utilizados no controle da septoriose do tomateiro em Santa Catarina, durante as safras 2016 e 2017. Nos experimentos in vitro, 13 isolados de S. lycopersici obtidos de folhas com sintomas de septoriose do tomateiro de diferentes cultivares e os fungicidas tiofanato metílico e mancozeb nas concentrações de 0,1; 1,0; 10; 100 e 1000 mg L-1 do ingrediente ativo (i.a), foram avaliados para determinar a dose efetiva na inibição de 50% da germinação de esporos (DE50) e o fator de redução de sensibilidade (FRS). Os isolados provenientes de lavouras que receberam aplicações de fungicidas foram comparados com os isolados 475-1, 475-3, 475-4 e 475-7 proveniente de lavouras que não receberam aplicações de fungicidas. Nos experimentos in vivo, os fungicidas preventivos azoxistrobina, clorotalonil, captana e mancozeb e os curativos tiofanato metílico, mancozeb, difenoconazol e metconazol nas doses comerciais foram pulverizados 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 e 96 h antes (preventivo) e após (curativo) à inoculação do isolado 475-1 de S. lycopersici para avaliar a eficiência no controle da septoriose do tomateiro. Os ingredientes ativos tiofanato metílico e mancozeb, independente das doses testadas, foram atóxicos aos 13 isolados de S. lycopersici. Os valores de DE50 do tiofanato metílico e mancozeb para a inibição da germinação dos conídios variaram entre 75 e 580 mg L-1. Os fungicidas preventivos clorotalonil, azoxistrobina e os curativos difenoconazol e metconazol foram significativamente eficientes no controle da septoriose do tomateiro in vivo.
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Kudo, Angela Sathiko, José Ricardo Peixoto, Nilton Tadeu Vilela Junqueira, and Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum. "Suscetibilidade de genótipos de maracujazeiro-azedo à septoriose em casa de vegetação." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 34, no. 1 (2012): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452012000100027.
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Neste estudo, foi avaliada a reação de genótipos de maracujazeiro-azedo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) à septoriose (Septoria passiflorae). Para a avaliação da reação dos genótipos, foi utilizado o índice de severidade de doença (1 - plantas sem sintomas; 2 - lesões esparsas nas folhas tomando até 10% do limbo foliar; lesões coalescentes tomando entre 10 a 33% do limbo foliar; 4 - lesões coalescentes tomando mais de 33% do limbo foliar; 5 - desfolha) e porcentagem de desfolha. Foi adotado o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e seis plantas por parcela, testando-se 60 genótipos. A inoculação foi feita por aspersão de suspensão de esporos (10(5) conídios/mL) patógeno. Foram feitas seis avaliações em intervalos de 7 dias. Os genótipos que apresentaram menor suscetibilidade foram MAR.20.27, Joseph e MAR.20.36. Entre a nota obtida pelo genótipo de menor suscetibilidade (3,4) e o de maior suscetibilidade (4,5), houve diferença de 31,8%, indicando que há variabilidade entre os genótipos para resistência à septoriose. Entre a maior (81,6%) e a menor (49,9%) porcentagem de desfolha apresentada pelos genótipos, houve diferença de 31,7%. Os genótipos MAR.20.58 e MAR.20.48 foram os mais suscetíveis, com severidade de 4,5 e 4,6 e de desfolha de 81,6% e 81,4%, respectivamente.
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Araújo, João Paulo Braga, Edson Luiz Furtado, Hélio Grassi Filho, and Ana Paula Zimbardi Lombardi. "APLICAÇÃO DE FUNGICIDA NA CULTURA DO TOMATEIRO VIA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO EM CULTIVO PROTEGIDO." IRRIGA 7, no. 2 (2002): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2002v7n2p81-90.
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APLICAÇÃO DE FUNGICIDA NA CULTURA DO TOMATEIRO VIA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO EM CULTIVO PROTEGIDO João Paulo Braga Araújo Departamento de Engenharia Rural,Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas,Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 237, CEP 18603-970, Botucatu – SP, Fone (0xx14)6802-7194Edson Luiz FurtadoHélio Grassi FilhoDepartamento de Recursos Naturais, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 237, CEP 18603-970, Botucatu – SP, Fone (0xx14)6802-7143, E-mail: heliograssi@fca.unesp.brAna Paula Zimbardi LombardiDepartamento de Proteção de Plantas, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas,Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 237, CEP 18603-970, Botucatu – SP, Fone (0xx14)6802-7167 1 RESUMO O presente trabalho objetivou estudar os efeitos de uma nova técnica de aplicação de fungicida, através da água de irrigação (gotejamento), na cultura do tomate híbrido “Débora Plus”, no controle da doença causada pelo fungo Septoria lycopersici Sepg. Além de estudar a comparação dos tipos de aplicação, foi estudado também 6 (seis) doses do fungicida benomyl na fungigação. As doses utilizadas foram: 75% (59,5 mg/vaso), 50% (119,0 mg/vaso), 25% a menos da dose recomendada (178,5 mg/vaso), 100% da dose recomendada (238,0 mg/vaso), 25% (297,5 mg/vaso) e 50% superior à dose recomendada (357,0 mg/vaso). As doses utilizadas nas aplicações via pulverização foram de 100% da dose recomendada pelo fabricante (238,0 mg/vaso). Para efeito de comparação entre os tratamentos avaliaram-se o número e pesos das matérias fresca e seca dos frutos colhidos e a altura das plantas. Na instalação do experimento adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com oito tratamentos e cinco repetições. De acordo com os resultados obtidos verificou-se que a aplicação convencional do benomyl, para controle da septoriose do tomateiro, foi superior à fungigação. Não houve diferença significativa entre as diferentes dosagens do produto na fungigação, mas houve o controle da doença. O parâmetro altura das plantas foi semelhante para todos os tratamentos, evidenciando que tanto a fungigação como a pulverização convencional não interferiu no crescimento das mesmas. O cultivo das plantas em casa de vegetação, utilizando vasos, proporcionou excelente resultado no controle de pragas e doenças, pois os tomateiros não apresentaram pragas tampouco outras doenças, além da Septoria lycopersici, que foi inoculada. Mesmo nas plantas testemunhas não houve disseminação da septoriose e, a irrigação com garrafas individuais também indicou bons resultados, pois deste modo sabe-se a quantidade de exata de fertilizantes, defensivos e água aplicada na planta. UNITERMOS: fungigação; benomyl; septoriose; gotejamento. ARAÚJO, J.P.B., GRASSI FILHO, H., FURTADO, E.L., LOMBARDI, A.P.Z. FUNGICIDE APLICATION ON TOMATO CROP BY DRIP IRRIGATION UNDER GREEN HOUSE CONDITIONS 2 ABSTRACT This research aimed to study the effects of a new fungicide application technique using irrigation water (drip irrigation) in “Debora Plus” hybrid tomato crop on the disease control caused by Septoria lycopersici Sepg mushroom. Besides comparing the application types, six doses of benomyl fungicide on the fungigation have also been studied. The doses were applied as follows: 75% (59.5 mg/pot), 50% (119.0 mg/pot), 25% under the recommended dose (178.5 mg/pot), 100% recommended dose (238.0 mg/pot), 25% (297.5 mg/pot) and 50% over the recommended dose (357.0 mg/pot). The spraying application doses were 100% the recommended dose (238.0 mg/pot). For comparative effect among treatments, fruit number, dry and fresh matter weight and height have been evaluated. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 8 treatments and 5 replications. . The results showed that the benomyl conventional application for tomato septoriosis control was better than the fungigation. There was no significant difference among different dosages of the product in the fungigation although there was the disease control. Plant height was similar for all treatments showing that both fungigation and conventional spraying had no influence on plant growth. Plant growing using pots under greenhouse condition provided excellent results on disease and pest control, as the tomato plants did not present neither pests nor other diseases unless Septoria lycopersici which was inoculated. There was no Septoria dissemination even on the control plants. The irrigation using single bottles has also presented good results since the exact amount of applied fertilizer, pesticide and water is known through this procedure. KEYWORDS: fungigation; benomyl; septoriosis; drip irrigation.
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Zahri, S., A. Ouazzani Touhami, M. Khouader, A. Farih, R. Benkirane, and A. Douira. "Caractérisation morpho-culturale et sporulation chez une population marocaine de Septoria tritici, agent de la septoriose du blé." Journal of Applied Biosciences 87, no. 1 (2015): 8121. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jab.v87i1.12.
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Sousa, Cristina S., Warwick E. Kerr, Marlos R. Santos, et al. "Mancha de Septoria da alface: isolamento, inoculação e avaliação de cultivares em condições de campo e casa de vegetação." Fitopatologia Brasileira 28, no. 5 (2003): 555–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-41582003000500016.
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Este trabalho teve como objetivo estabelecer metodologias adequadas para o isolamento e inoculação de Septoria lactucae e avaliação de nove cultivares de alface (Lactuca sativa), Vitória-de-Santo-Antão, Uberlândia 10.000, Maioba, Elba, Aurélia, Black Seeded Simpson, Grand Rapids, Salad Bowl-Mimosa e Babá de Verão, quanto aos níveis de resistência à septoriose, em condições de casa de vegetação e campo. Os melhores resultados obtidos foram: a) para isolamento: transferência dos cirros de conídios diretamente para o meio de BDA com os antibióticos estreptomicina, cloranfenicol, ampicilina e rifampicilina; b) para inoculação: aspersão das plantas no estádio de seis a oito folhas com a suspensão de inóculo na concentração de 1 x 10(4)conídios/ml, e manutenção em câmara úmida por 48 h. Houve diferenças significativas entre as cultivares testadas em casa de vegetação e em campo. Tanto em casa de vegetação quanto em teste de campo as cultivares Maioba e Vitória de Santo Antão foram avaliadas como a mais susceptível e a mais resistente, respectivamente. Diante desses resultados, a metodologia de casa de vegetação pode ser considerada como altamente promissora para a avaliação rápida de grande número de variedades ou materiais genéticos, nos trabalhos de melhoramento de alface para a resistência à S. lactucae.
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Blume, Elena, and Alicia Susana Aquino Jara. "Moléstias em tomateiro cultivado em estufas plásticas em quatro municípios da região central do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." Ciência Rural 34, no. 3 (2004): 661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782004000300002.
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Moléstias podem atacar severamente hortaliças cultivadas em cultivos protegidos e, para o manejo integrado dessas moléstias, o conhecimento das condições climáticas que favorecem sua incidência nesses cultivos é fundamental. O trabalho teve o objetivo de identificar as moléstias em tomateiro cultivado em estufas plásticas em quatro municípios na região central do Rio Grande do Sul e as condições de temperatura e umidade relativa (UR) do ar nas quais elas ocorrem. O estudo foi realizado nos municípios de São Pedro do Sul, São Sepé, Ivorá e Santa Maria (RS), no período de março a outubro de 1998. A temperatura e umidade relativa do ar foram medidas diariamente com um psicrômetro. As moléstias observadas e sua incidência máxima foram: requeima (Phytophthora infestans): 100,0%, pinta-preta (Alternaria solani): 98,1%, mofo cinzento (Botrytis cinerea): 55,4%, cladosporiose (Cladosporuim fulvum): 48,9%, septoriose (Septoria lycopersici): 37,5%, talo-oco (Erwinia spp.): 33,0%, murcha de fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici): 8,4% e podridão de esclerotínia (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum): 1,3%. Valores de UR superiores a 80%, de maneira geral, aumentaram a incidência das moléstias, em sua maioria de origem fúngica. A incidência de moléstias varia entre municípios de uma mesma região climática de acordo com os fatores meteorológicos e práticas de manejo da cultura.
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Zeleneva, Ju V., O. S. Afanasenko, and V. P. Soodnikova. "Influence of Agroclimatic Conditions, Life Form and Host Species on the Species Complex of Wheat Septoria Pathogens." Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, no. 2 (July 7, 2020): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2020-2-177-190.
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Currently, septoria is the basis of the pathogenic complex on wheat crops in Russia, occupying the predominant position among harmful fungal diseases. In case of severe wheat damage, the crop loss caused by the fungus Z. tritici, makes up from 10–25 to 40–60%. The crop loss caused by the fungus P. nodorum parasitizing is from 10–20 to 30–50% during the years of epiphytoty. The question of the economic significance of P. avenae has not yet been examined completely. However, depending on the area of wheat cultivation and the year of observation, its part in the septorian population may reach up to 76.9%. It was of interest to study in detail the influence of conditions of the specific year, life form, and species of wheat on the formation of the species composition of Septoria in the pathogenic complex of wheat. Among the complex set of factors included in the concept of the environment, a significant role belongs to its abiotic components, namely, climate and weather, but the variety as an environment-forming factor has a decisive role. Our studies were carried out during 2010–2017. During the research period, the weather conditions varied significantly over the years and were not always favorable for the development of plants and formation of a good wheat crop. During the study, deviations in the amount of precipitations during the vegetation period, and, in general, over the year from the long-term average annual values, were noted. The years of 2012, 2014 and 2015 were characterized by the highest moisture supply during the vegetation season. It has been predicted that cooler days of April and May will promote the better development of P. avenae and P. nodorum. P. nodorum receives its predominant development during the years with wetter weather within the vegetation period of wheat, in contrast to Z. tritici more resistant to low humidity. These data demonstrate adaptation of the pathogen to conditions of an increased temperature regime and reduced rainfall amount.
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Poll, Alistair A., Jack Lee, Roy A. Sanderson, et al. "Septoria Leaf Blotch and Reduced Nitrogen Availability Alter WRKY Transcription Factor Expression in a Codependent Manner." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 11 (2020): 4165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114165.
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A major cause of yield loss in wheat worldwide is the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici, a hemibiotrophic fungus which causes Septoria leaf blotch, the most destructive wheat disease in Europe. Resistance in commercial wheat varieties is poor, however, a link between reduced nitrogen availability and increased Septoria tolerance has been observed. We have shown that Septoria load is not affected by nitrogen, whilst the fungus is in its first, symptomless stage of growth. This suggests that a link between nitrogen and Septoria is only present during the necrotrophic phase of Septoria infection. Quantitative real-time PCR data demonstrated that WRKYs, a superfamily of plant-specific transcription factors, are differentially expressed in response to both reduced nitrogen and Septoria. WRKY39 was downregulated over 30-fold in response to necrotrophic stage Septoria, whilst changes in the expression of WRKY68a during the late biotrophic phase were dependent on the concentration of nitrogen under which wheat is grown. WRKY68a may therefore mediate a link between nitrogen and Septoria. The potential remains to identify key regulators in the link between nitrogen and Septoria, and as such, elucidate molecular markers for wheat breeding, or targets for molecular-based breeding approaches.
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Ivanov, Dagiimaa, Otgonbayar Baasansuren, Mayagmarsuren Yadamsuren, and Ulziisaikhan Davaasambuu. "Evaluation of septoria (Septoria nodorum) tolerance in wheat varieties." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 29, no. 1 (2020): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v29i1.1376.
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Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the ascomycete fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph S. tritici) is currently one of the most serious foliar disease of wheat in Mongolia and other world regions characterized by temperate and wet environment during growing season. Fifty-one wheat genotypes with different resistance levels were evaluated in natural conditions for their reaction to S. tritici attack during 2017-2019 year. The experimental design was a randomized block design with two replications. Disease rating was visually recorded by using the scale (0-9) in two different times and crop stages (Z53-1/4 head out and Z70-milk development). There were also calculated the Septoria Progress Coefficient (SPC) and Area under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) for each wheat genotype evaluated. SPC was low for the higher genotypes comparatively with the shortest ones leading to the conclusion that disease progress is higher as plant height is low (r=-0.96**). The same aspect was also emphasized by the waek correlation between plants height and disease progress height (r=0.28**).The shortest genotypes showed higher necrosis percentage and AUDPC values. There was also a correspondence between genotype susceptibility and AUDPC showing that the most susceptible wheat cultivars recorded higher AUDPC values. The highest AUDPC values while Darkhan-201 (131), Darkhan-218 (163) and Omskau-36 (82) had the best resistance reaction to S. tritici attack.
 Зусах буудайн сортуудад септориоз (Septoria nodorum) өвчний тэсвэрлэлтийг үнэлсэн дүн
 Сүүлийн үеийн газар тариалангийн менежмент болон практик арга нь ээлжлэн тариалалтын сэлгээг баримтлахгүй жил дараалан үр тарианы ургамлыг тариалах болсон зэрэг нь навчны өвчлөл болон түрүүний өвчлөл ихсэх зүй тогтол ажиглагдаж байна. Талбайн нөхцөлд нийт 51 сортод септориоз өвчин тэсвэрлэлтийн үнэлгээг ерөнхий мөрддөг 0-9 баллаар буудайн түрүүлэлтээс, сүүн болц хүртлэх хугаанд ажиглалт хэмжилт хийсэн. Септориозийн тархалтын коэффициент (SPC), өвчний тархалтын муруй (AUDPC)-г тооцолсон. Септориоз өвчин тэсвэрээр Дархан-201, Дархан-217, Омская-36 сортууд тэсвэртэй ангилалд хамаарагдаж байна. Тэсвэртэй сортууд нь өртөмтгий сортууд өвчлөлийн хувьд 81.0-737.7 хэлбэлзэл ихтэй нь сортуудын хооронд ялгаа их байгааг өвчний тархалтын муруй нь (AUDPC) –ийн утга харуулж байна. Өвчний тархалтын муруй (AUDPC) нь ургамлын өндөр болон өвчлөлтийн өндрийн хязгаар (r=-0.78**) сөрөг хамааралтай. Харин өвчний тархалтын хувь нь септориозийн тархалтын коэффициент (r=0.789**), өвчлөлтийн өндрийн хязгаартай (r=0.651**) нягт хамааралтай байна. Септориоз өвчний хор хөнөөлийн коэффициентыг гаргахад ургацыг 22.4-67.2%-иар бууруулаж байна. Септориоз өвчний халдвар ихсэх тусам ургацын бууралт нэмэгдэх зүй тогтол ажиглагдаж байна.
 Түлхүүр үг: AUDPC, септориоз, өвчин тэсвэрлэлт, сорт
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Radivon, V. A., and A. G. Zhukovsky. "Development and species composition of septariosis in crops of spring triticale varieties in Belarus." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series 59, no. 1 (2021): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2021-59-1-51-61.
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Septoria leaf and head blotch is the most economically significant disease of grain crops in Belarus, as it is annually observed in crops and is highly harmful. Spring triticale is a perspective crop in our country with a high yield potential and grain quality, which, as known, decreases due to diseases development. There is little information on the varieties disease susceptibility, development peculiarities and species composition of septoria blotch of spring triticale, which determined the relevance of our research subject. The paper presents the results of studies in 2015-2019 on susceptibility of spring triticale varieties Uzor, Doublet, Sadko to septoria leaf and head blotch, peculiarities of the disease development depending on weather conditions were revealed and the species composition of pathogens of septoria leaf blotch was determined. It has been determined that severity of septoria leaf blotch by the end of early – soft dough of grain stage reached 36.6 %. Based on calculation of area under the disease progress curve, no significant differences were found in severity of septoria leaf blotch depending on the variety. Severity of septoria head blotch reached 22.7 % by the end of growing season. Direct dependences of septoria leaf and head blotch development on the amount of precipitation have been established, and a close correlation between the severity of septoria head blotch and septoria leaf blotch has been revealed. The species composition of septoria leaf blotch is represented by the fungi Parastagonospora nodorum, Parastagonospora avenae f. sp. triticae and Zymoseptoria tritici. The dominant species was P. nodorum, its frequency reached 99.2 % depending on the variety and growth stage of spring triticale, the second most common fungus was P. avenae f. sp. triticae - up to 58.6 %. For the first time in our country, in-depth research has been carried out to study septoria leaf and head blotch of spring triticale, the results obtained will serve as the basis for development of a protection system.
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Quaedvlieg, W., G. J. M. Verkley, H. D. Shin, et al. "Sizing up Septoria." Studies in Mycology 75 (June 2013): 307–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3114/sim0017.
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Hastoy, C., Z. Le Bihan, J. Gaudin, P. Cosson, D. Rolin, and V. Schurdi-Levraud. "First Report of Septoria sp. Infecting Stevia rebaudiana in France and Screening of Stevia rebaudiana Genotypes for Host Resistance." Plant Disease 103, no. 7 (2019): 1544–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-18-1747-re.
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Stevia rebaudiana, for which cultivation is on the increase worldwide, accumulates acaloric intense sweeteners called steviol glycosides (SGs) in its leaves. Yields can be affected by Septoria leaf spot (SLS) caused by Septoria spp. The objectives of the research were (1) to morphologically and genetically characterize five isolates of Septoria sp. found for the first time from outbreaks of Septoria in stevia fields in Southwestern France and (2) to screen S. rebaudiana germplasm from diverse origins through an automated inoculation method using one of the isolates. Multilocus sequence typing grouped the five isolates obtained from symptomatic plants, closely related to Septoria lycopersici and Septoria apiicola. The response to Septoria sp. of 10 genotypes from different origins was assessed for disease severity (DS), either by visually scoring the symptomatic portion of the whole plants or the portion of symptomatic foliar area (PLSA) determined by image analysis, and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) calculated on the basis of the disease severity rating taken 12, 15, 18, and 21 days after inoculation. No genotypes with complete resistance were identified. Moderately susceptible genotypes “Gawi” and “Esplac1” exhibited only 10 to 15% of symptomatic part on whole plant and the slowest disease development. They could be distinguished from highly susceptible ones “E8”, “C”, and “E161718” exhibiting up to 40% of symptomatic part on whole plant. The variability of response to Septoria sp. that exists in S. rebaudiana opens up the field of breeding strategies for the development of new cultivars for sustainable and organic S. rebaudiana production.
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Mottet, Marie-Josée, Gilles Vallée, and Guy Bussières. "Test précoce pour l'évaluation de la sensibilité de peupliers hybrides au chancre septorien." Forestry Chronicle 67, no. 4 (1991): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc67411-4.
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Septoria musiva, a fungal pathogen that causes cankers and leaf spots, is found in hybrid poplar plantations (Populus spp.) in southern Québec. A high incidence of severe cankers is observed on susceptible poplars. To accelerate the evaluation for resistance to Septoria canker, sprouts were inoculated with S. musiva twice in the nursery. From the 725 clones tested, 100 showed a low degree of susceptibility. Among these, 45 belong to the Ageiros section, 13 to the Tacamahaca section and 42 are hybrids between the two sections. The four isolates used in this test demonstrate variations in aggressiveness. Key words: Septoria musiva, Septoria canker, screening for resistance, hybrid poplars.
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French, J. M., R. J. Heerema, E. A. Gordon, and N. P. Goldberg. "First Report of Septoria Leaf Spot of Pistachio in New Mexico." Plant Disease 93, no. 7 (2009): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-7-0762c.
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In September of 2008, a Septoria sp., the causal agent of Septoria leaf spot of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) was isolated from leaf lesions in an orchard in southern New Mexico. Tree fruit and nut crops including pistachios are becoming an increasingly important part of New Mexico's agricultural industry with total cash receipts of $103 million in 2007 (3). This preliminary positive for Septoria prompted a survey of pistachio-growing counties in the state. The surveyed orchards accounted for approximately 30% of the pistachio acreage in New Mexico. Results indicated that all five pistachio-growing counties had orchards infected with a Septoria sp. Isolates of Septoria from leaf lesions were identified as Septoria pistaciarum Caracc. based on the following symptoms and morphological characteristics of the fungus: leaf lesions were usually circular, 0.5 to 3 mm in diameter, and contained many pycnidia per lesion; pycnidia were dark, ostiolate, and measured 101 to 255 × 69 to 133 μm; and conidia were hyaline, filiform, contained 3 to 9 septa, and measured 3 to 4 × 60 to 149 μm. Most orchards were only mildly affected. In severe cases, hundreds of leaf lesions were present on diseased leaves; large sections of the leaves turned tan and some trees defoliated prematurely. This widespread occurrence of Septoria leaf spot in New Mexico in 2008 suggests that the disease had already been present in the state for several years. A higher average rainfall in the summer of 2008 provided excellent conditions for disease development. Because of the high amounts of inoculum currently present in New Mexico orchards, Septoria leaf spot may emerge as a recurring disease problem for pistachio producers. This disease was first reported in the United States in Texas in 1971 and was also reported in Arizona in 1989 (1,2,4). To our knowledge, this is the first report of Septoria leaf spot of pistachio in New Mexico. References: (1) A. Chitzandis. Ann. Inst. Phytopathol. Benaki 10:29, 1956. (2) J. L. Maas et al. Plant Dis. Rep. 55:72, 1971. (3) New Mexico Agricultural Statistics, Department of Agriculture, 2007. (4) D. J. Young and T. Michailides. Plant Dis. 73:775, 1989.
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Farr, David F. "Septoria Species on Cornus." Mycologia 83, no. 5 (1991): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3760216.
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Sutton, B. C., and I. G. Pascoe. "Septoria species on Acacia." Transactions of the British Mycological Society 89, no. 4 (1987): 521–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1536(87)80086-4.
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Farr, David F. "Septoria Species on Cornus." Mycologia 83, no. 5 (1991): 611–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1991.12026060.
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Roßberg, Dietmar, Eberhard Kluge, and Erich Jörg. "SIMSEPT – ein neues Prognosemodell zum Auftreten von Septoria tritici und Septoria nodorum." Gesunde Pflanzen 55, no. 1 (2003): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0345.2003.02070.x.
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Tompkins, D. K., D. B. Fowler, and A. T. Wright. "Influence of agronomic practices on canopy microclimate and septoria development in no-till winter wheat produced in the Parkland region of Saskatchewan." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 73, no. 1 (1993): 331–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps93-050.
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In areas with favourable growing conditions, high seeding rates (SRs), narrow row spacings (RSs) and nitrogen fertilization (N) are required before high yield potentials of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are realized. Changes in these variables produce changes in crop-canopy microclimate that may influence the development of foliar pathogens. This study examined the relative differences in crop-canopy microclimates due to different RS and SR combinations and determined the effect of SR, RS and N fertility on septoria (Septoria nodorum Berk. and Septoria tritici Rob. ex Desm.) development on normal height and semi-dwarf cultivars grown under no-till in the Parkland region of Saskatchewan. The daily mean value for solar radiation penetrating to the base of the crop canopy was 1100 μmol m−2 s−1 for 36-cm RS. This was 30% higher than the 845 μmol m−2 s−1 observed for 9-cm RS. The increased light interception by the canopy was associated with higher dry matter production and grain yield. During peak periods, wind speed was 56% higher within the 36-cm RS canopy than within the 9-cm RS canopy. Increased duration of leaf wetness was associated with 9-cm RS and 140-kg-ha−1 SR treatment. Cooler air temperature and higher RH within the canopy occurred for the 9-cm RS – 140-kg-ha−1 SR treatment. Differences in air temperature and RH between the 9-cm RS – 140-kg-ha−1 SR and the 36-cm RS – 35-kg-ha−1 SR treatments were smaller at night and greater during the day. The maximum differences occurred at mid-morning and mid-afternoon, when the 9-cm RS – 140-kg-ha−1 SR canopy was 1.5 °C cooler and had a 4.5% higher RH than the 36-cm RS – 35-kg-ha−1 SR canopy. Septoria severity increased when SR increased from 35 kg ha−1 to 140 kg ha−1. Septoria severity was not influenced by RS. Septoria severity was greater on the flag leaf of the semi-dwarf cultivar Norwin than on the tall cultivar Norstar. Increased N fertility reduced septoria severity in one trial. These observations demonstrated that, in addition to the influence on yield potential, high SR and narrow RS produce a canopy microclimate that is favourable for the development of septoria. Key words: Seed rate, row spacing, N fertility, Septoria sp., Triticum aestivum, canopy microclimate
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Kharina, A. V., and T. K. Shcheshegova. "Search for the parent material of spring soft wheat resistant to septoria tritici blotch and analysis of the trait inheritance." Agricultural Science Euro-North-East 22, no. 2 (2021): 212–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2021.22.2.212-222.
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In 2017-2020 in the conditions of Kirov region there were studied 143 varieties, 115 perspective lines and 28 hybrids of the first generation of spring soft wheat according to the degree of resistance to septoria tritici blotch against the background of the natural development of infection. It has been established that development of the disease significantly increased with a decrease in air temperature during the «seedling-tillering» phase (r = -0.83…-0.96) and an increase in the amount of precipitation during «shooting» phase (r = +0.87…+0.90). Resistance to septoria tritici blotch was shown by 16.1 % collection samples. A significant (r = -0.83) decrease in yield by an average of 19 % in susceptible samples compared to resistant ones was revealed. The greatest breeding and immunological value were represented by the varieties of Russian selection: Tobolskaya, Tyumenskaya 29, Moskovskaya 35 and МIS, among which the early variety MIS was tolerant to septoria tritici blotch. Thirteen lines resistant to septoria tritici blotch were identified from the new breeding material. The varieties selected for resistance to septoria tritici blotch were used in hybridization. In F1 hybrids domination and overdomination in the inheritance of resistance to septoria tritici blotch prevailed, as well as weight of 1000 grains and yield per 1 m2. Among them, 8 hybrids F1 with the highest values of the dominance indices were identified. It has been established, that inheritance of resistance to septoria tritici blotch, weight of 1000 grains and yield of hybrids F1 occurs both in the maternal and paternal lines. The greatest immunological effect was obtained when using the varieties Daria (Russia) and Epos (Germany). The most productive hybrids were the variety Daria, taken as both a maternal and paternal form, as well as when using the Egisar 29 (Russia) variety as a maternal form.
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Bartosiak, Sławomir. "Automatyzacja oceny objawów chorobowych septorioz zbóż z wykorzystaniem komputerowej analizy obrazu w języku programowania Python." Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, no. 289 (September 16, 2020): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37317/biul-2020-0019.
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Ocena objawów chorobowych septorioz na liściach zbóż, opisywanie i tworzenie dokumentacji fotograficznej poszczególnych liści jest czasochłonnym i pracochłonnym zadaniem. W opracowaniu przedstawiona została automatyzacja oceny objawów chorobowych septorioz zbóż za pomocą aplikacji open-source stworzonych w języku Python. Oprogramowanie umożliwia automatyzację odczytywania nazw obiektów doświadczalnych oraz ocenę objawów chorobowych poszczególnych liści, dzięki czemu istnieje możliwość np. usuwania obserwacji odstających z analizy.
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Marques, L. N., G. Lenz, I. F. D. Costa, J. V. C. Guedes, M. Bigolin, and A. C. B. Oliveira. "REAÇÃO DE GERMOPLASMA DE GIRASSOL À MANCHA DE SEPTORIA CAUSADA POR SEPTORIA HELIANTHI." Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 78, no. 2 (2011): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657v78p3112011.
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RESUMO Com o objetivo de avaliar a reação de germoplasma de girassol ao fungo Septoria helianthi, foi realizado um estudo sob condições de campo em uma área experimental na Universidade Fede-ral de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, no ano de 2008. O ensaio foi constituído por vinte e quatro genótipos de girassol semeados manualmente nas parcelas, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Foi realizado o cálculo da taxa de progresso da doença e da área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD) baseado nos dados de severidade nos terços inferior, mé dio e superior das plantas. As cultivares mais resistentes, isto é, que apresentaram menor AACPD foram PARAÍSO 33 seguida por HLE 16, HLE 17, EXP 1452 CL, V 20041 e SRM 840.
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Garibaldi, A., D. Bertetti, M. T. Amatulli, and M. L. Gullino. "First Report of Septoria Spot of Clementine Caused by Septoria citri in Italy." Plant Disease 95, no. 7 (2011): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-11-0241.
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In January 2010, a fruit spot of “Clementine” (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.) was observed on Italian-grown fruit in a market in northern Italy. The surface of the peel of infected fruits had black, irregular, necrotic areas that were slightly depressed, 10 mm in diameter, and surrounded by chlorotic halos. No pycnidia were observed on the necrotic spots. Tissues beneath the necrotic spots, which included the albedo (white pith), appeared dark and a black rot affected the external part of the juice vesicles. Small sections (approximately 3 mm2) of infected internal tissues were cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 25 ppm of streptomycin and maintained at 22 to 24°C. A slow-growing fungus with dark colored mycelium that produced pycnidia was consistently isolated. Conidia were hyaline, elongate, straight or slightly curved, unicellular, but sometimes with one septum, and measured 9.0 to 25.4 × 1.0 to 2.7 (average 17.7 × 1.8) μm. Preliminary morphological identification of the fungal isolates resembling Septoria spp. was confirmed by PCR using genomic DNA extracted from the mycelia of pure cultures. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA was amplified using the primers ITS4/ITS6 and sequenced. BLAST analysis of the 508-bp segment showed a 99% homology with the sequence of Septoria citri (GenBank Accession No. DQ897650). The nucleotide sequence has been assigned the GenBank Accession No. HQ176410. Pathogenicity of one isolate was tested by inoculating 10 fruits. These were wounded at the equatorial level (three wounds per fruit, 5 mm depth) and dipped for 10 s in a conidial suspension (1.2 × 107 conidia/ml). Ten wounded noninoculated fruits were dipped in sterilized water and served as control. Fruits were kept at 10 ± 1°C. After 50 days, dark, sunken necrosis appeared around the wounds of inoculated fruits and the same symptoms first observed were present into the tissues beneath the wounds. S. citri was consistently reisolated from the inoculated fruits. Noninoculated fruits remained healthy. The pathogenicity test was carried out twice. The same disease was observed on other fruits belonging to the Rutaceae family, such as lemon in Greece (3) and on orange and lemon in Australia (1). In Italy, S. citri has been reported on lemon (2) fruit. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of this pathogen on clementine in Italy as well in the world. The presence of Septoria spot on clementine fruits is currently sporadic in Italy; however it is necessary to monitor the incidence of this disease with field and postharvest surveys. References: (1) T. G. B. Osborn and G. Samuel. Trans. R. Soc. Aust. 46:166, 1922. (2) P. Petri. Boll. Stn. Patol. Veg. Roma N.S. 16:1, 1936. (3) D. G. Zachos. FAO Plant Prot. Bull. 6:41, 1957.
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Mergoum, M., P. K. Singh, S. Ali, et al. "Reaction of Elite Wheat Genotypes from the Northern Great Plains of North America to Septoria Diseases." Plant Disease 91, no. 10 (2007): 1310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-10-1310.
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Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), caused by Phaeosphaeria nodorum, and Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola, are the main pathogens of the Septoria disease complex of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North America. This study was conducted to determine the disease reaction of 126 elite hard red spring, white, and durum wheat cultivars and advanced breeding lines collected from the northern Great Plains of the United States and Canada to SNB and STB. Seedlings of the 126 wheat genotypes were evaluated for resistance to SNB and STB under controlled environmental conditions. Moreover, these 126 wheat genotypes also were infiltrated with culture filtrate of P. nodorum isolate Sn2000. Based on disease reactions, three cultivars (McNeal, Dapps, and Oklee) and 12 advanced breeding lines (CA-901-580W, 97SO254-8-1, MN03291, MN03308, WA007925, MT0245, ND756, ND801, ND803, ND808, ND809, and ND811) adapted to the northern Great Plains were found to be resistant to both Septoria diseases and insensitive to the culture filtrate. Additionally, eight genetically diverse lines and cultivars, including two tetraploid wheat genotypes, were identified to be resistant to both Septoria diseases. These results suggest that the wheat genotypes contain a broad genetic base for resistance to the Septoria diseases in the northern Great Plains of the United States and Canada, and the resistant sources identified in this study may be utilized in wheat-breeding programs.
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Janušauskaitė, D. "Epidemiology of Septoria leaf blotch on spring triticale in West Lithuania." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (2017): 338–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10502-pps.
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The effects of environmental conditions on the dynamics of Septoria leaf blotch, Septoria nodorum (Berk.) E. Castell et. Germano, incidence and severity on the spring triticale cv. Gabo were studied in 2000 and 2001 in littoral lowland of Lithuania. Disease assessments were carried out once a week from GS 31–32 to GS 81–83 on the three primary leaves. At milk ripening stage (GS 75) the incidence of Septoria on F leaves reached 44.9% in 2000 and 97.7% in 2001. The disease severity was 3.5% in the first year, and 11.5% in the second year. Comparison of 2 years’ data revealed that whether conditions had a marked effect on the manner of disease development.
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Gaurilčikienė, I. "Incidence and severity of Septoria leaf blotch in winter wheat in relation to reduced dosage of fungicides." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (2017): 652–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10582-pps.
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The trials were carried out over the period 1999–2000 with a view to testing the efficacy of reduced doses of triazole fungicides on winter wheat cv. Zentos. Septoria diseases (Septoria spp.) occurred on winter wheat annually. Full and reduced dosages of fungicides were highly effective against Septoria leaf blotch at an early milk stage, especially on flag leaf. Later the efficacy of reduced dosages of the fungicides was lower, than that of full doses. Due to full dosage of fungicides we obtained a sufficient yield increase annually. The yield increase through the use of 3⁄4 reduced doses was lower. But yield increase through reduced dosage to 1⁄2 was low and insufficient.
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Martynenko, Natalia, Svetlana Lavrentieva, and Olga Tarasova. "Influence of Septoria glycines Hemmi on the enzymes’ activity of hydrolytic Glycines max (L.) Merr seed complex." E3S Web of Conferences 254 (2021): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125402020.
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The Septoria leaf spot (Septoria glycines Hemmi), is a harmful pathogen of soybean. To create a resistant variety to this pathogen, a detailed study of physiological processes at the biochemical level is necessary. Enzymes play a leading role in adapting to stressors. It was shown that the specific activity of esterases and RNases of soybean seeds infected with septoria decreased, relative to the control. Multiple forms of enzymes with different electrophoretic mobility were identified, which indicates a decrease in metabolism under the influence of fungal disease. At the same time, the specific activity of amylases and acid phosphatases of soybean seeds was not strongly affected by S. glycine, as evidenced by the relatively stable multiple forms of enzymes.
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Błaszkowski, Janusz. "Some studies on Septoria nodorum." Acta Mycologica 23, no. 2 (2014): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/am.1987.012.
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The author has studied the occurrence and epidemiology of <i>S. nodorum</i>. In addition, attention was paid to the fungus biology, food requirements and other environmental factors (light, temperature) necessary to its full development. Effects of fungicides on growth and germination of conidia in vitro were followed as well.
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Newton, A. C. "Mutant instability in Septoria nodorum." Transactions of the British Mycological Society 91, no. 4 (1988): 607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1536(88)80034-2.
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Peltonen, Pirjo, Sinikka Karjalainen, and Reijo Karjalainen. "Reactions of winter wheat cultivars to Septoria nodorum Berk." Agricultural and Food Science 61, no. 5 (1989): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72368.
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Twelve Finnish and foreign winter wheat cultivars and breeding lines were evaluated for resistance to Septoria nodorum at seedling and adult plant stage. Flag leaf severity varied between 6.5 and 20 % and ear severity between 2.5 and 10 %. In general, Cl 13091 and Skjaldar were the most resistant cultivars, while Hja 21614, Hja 21638, and Hankkijan Ilves were the most susceptible ones. Aura and Mironovskaja 808 were most resistant to ear infection, while Vakka and Hja 21638 were most susceptible. Assessment of susceptibility at the seedling stage was quite well correlated with ratings of adult plants in the field (r = 0.72). The correlation between lesion length and seedling plant Septoria severity was moderate (r = 0.68). Selection of wheat lines for Septoria resistance is discussed.
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Vrandečić, K., J. Ćosić, D. Jurković, et al. "First Report of Septoria Leaf Spot of Lavandin Caused by Septoria lavandulae in Croatia." Plant Disease 98, no. 2 (2014): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-13-0735-pdn.
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Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loiseleur, commonly known as lavandin, is an aromatic and medicinal perennial shrub widely and traditionally grown in Croatia. The lavandin essential oil is primarily used in perfumery and cosmetic industries, but also possesses anti-inflammatory, sedative, and antibacterial properties. In June 2012, severe foliar and stem symptoms were observed on approximately 40% of plants growing in a commercial lavandin crop in the locality of Banovo Brdo, Republic of Croatia. Initial symptoms on lower leaves included numerous, small, oval to irregular, grayish brown lesions with a slightly darker brown margin of necrotic tissue. Further development of the disease resulted in yellowing and necrosis of the infected leaves followed by premature defoliation. Similar necrotic oval-shaped lesions were observed on stems as well. The lesions contained numerous, dark, sub-globose pycnidia that were immersed in the necrotic tissue or partly erumpent. Small pieces of infected internal tissues were superficially disinfected with 50% commercial bleach (4% NaOCl) and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA). A total of 10 isolates from leaves and five from stems of lavandin formed a slow-growing, dark, circular colonies with raised center that produced pycnidia at 23°C, under 12 h of fluorescent light per day. All 15 recovered isolates formed uniform hyaline, elongate, straight or slightly curved conidia with 3 to 4 septa, with average dimensions of 17.5 to 35 × 1.5 to 2.5 μm. Based on the morphological characteristics, the pathogen was identified as Septoria lavandulae Desm., the causal agent of lavender leaf spot (1,2). Pathogenicity of one selected isolate (428-12) was tested by spraying 10 lavandin seedlings (8 weeks old) with a conidial suspension (106 conidia/ml) harvested from a 4-week-old monoconidial culture on PDA. Five lavandin seedlings, sprayed with sterile distilled water, were used as negative control. After 5 to 7 days, leaf spot symptoms identical to those observed on the source plants developed on all inoculated seedlings and the pathogen was successfully re-isolated. No symptoms were observed on any of the control plants. Morphological identification was confirmed by amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA (3). Total DNA was extracted directly from fungal mycelium with a DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and PCR amplification performed with primers ITS1F/ITS4. Sequence analysis of ITS region revealed at least 99% identity between the isolate 428-12 (GenBank Accession No. KF373078) and isolates of many Septoria species; however, no information was available for S. lavandulae. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Septoria leaf spot of lavandin caused by S. lavandulae in Croatia. Since the cultivation area of lavandin plants has been increasing in many continental parts of Croatia, especially in Slavonia and Baranja counties, the presence of a new and potentially harmful disease may represent a serious constraint for lavandin production and further monitoring is needed. References: (1) T. V. Andrianova and D. W. Minter. IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria, 142, Sheet 1416, 1999. (2) R. Bounaurio et al. Petria 6:183, 1996. (3) G. J. M. Verkley et al. Mycologia 96:558, 2004.
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Petrov, Marija, and M. Arsenijevic. "Septoria Leaf Speck, a New Disease of Sunflower, Caused by Septoria helianthina sp. nov." Journal of Phytopathology 144, no. 7-8 (1996): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.1996.tb00304.x.
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Wakie, Tewodros T., Sunil Kumar, Gabriel B. Senay, Abera Takele, and Alemu Lencho. "Spatial prediction of wheat septoria leaf blotch (Septoria tritici) disease severity in Central Ethiopia." Ecological Informatics 36 (November 2016): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2016.09.003.
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Marcinkowska, J. "Septorioza pomidora. II. Morfologia i rozwój grzyba Septoria lycopersici Speg. [Septoria leaf spot of tomato. II. Morphology and development of Septoria lycopersici Speg.]." Acta Agrobotanica 30, no. 2 (2015): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.1977.027.
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The hyphae, pycnospores and pycnidia of <i>Septoria lycopersici</i> in infected tissue and in fungal culture on different media were described. Fungus growth and development on 12 media were also studied. The development of the studied fungus on culture media, with different doses of dextrose, hydrogen-ion concentrations and temperature was worked out on the potato dextrose medium. Germination of the pycnospores from the infected plant and fungal culture in the hanging drops in different conditions was observed.
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Lenz, Giuvan, Ivan Dressler da Costa, Ricardo Silveiro Balardin, Maurício Silva Stefanelo, Leandro Nascimento Marques, and Adriano Arrué. "Escala diagramática para avaliação de severidade de mancha-de-septoria em girassol." Ciência Rural 39, no. 8 (2009): 2527–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782009000800040.
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A falta de um método-padrão de quantificação visual para doenças foliares pode levar a estimativas imprecisas da severidade dessas doenças, induzindo os avaliadores a conclusões erradas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma escala diagramática para avaliação da mancha-de-septoria em girassol, causada por Septoria helianthi. Uma escala diagramática com cinco níveis (2; 12; 26; 48,0; e 71%) foi desenvolvida e validada para quantificar a severidade da mancha-de-septoria em girassol. A escala considerou o limite de severidade máxima da doença observado no campo, e os níveis intermediários seguiram incrementos logarítmicos, obedecendo-se à "Lei do estímulo de Weber-Fechner". Inicialmente, a estimativa da severidade foi feita sem auxílio da escala em 30 folhas, com diferentes níveis de severidade, por oito indivíduos, sem experiência na avaliação de doenças. Em seguida, os mesmos avaliadores utilizaram a escala diagramática proposta. As avaliações com a escala diagramática foram mais precisas e acuradas nas estimativas de todos os avaliadores, não ocorrendo erro sistemático na superestimativa ou subestimativa da doença entre estes. A escala diagramática proposta foi considerada adequada para estimar a severidade de mancha-de-septoria em girassol.
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Yarosh, A. V., V. K. Riabchun, and O. O. Chetveryk. "Yield and resistance to leaf diseases of modern winter bread wheat varieties under the limiting influence of biotic factors." Genetičnì resursi roslin (Plant Genetic Resources), no. 27 (2020): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36814/pgr.2020.27.01.
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Aim. To identify new sources of resistance of winter bread wheat to powdery mildew,Septoria leaf blotch, brown leaf rust and of high yield capacity under the conditions of the northeastern part of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. The study of modern varieties of winter bread wheat onepiphytoties identified 88 sources with high (7-9 points) individual resistance to leaf diseases wereidentified, including 40 sources of resistance to powdery mildew, 20 sources of resistance to Septoria leaf blotch, and 28 sources of resistance to brown leaf rust. We selected 12 accessions of the highest breeding value due to their group resistance to powdery mildew, Septoria leaf blotch and brown leaf rust, among which domestic accessions bred by the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of NAS of Ukraine and the VM Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS were predominant. As to foreign institutions, varieties bred at the RUE "Scientific and Practical Center for Agriculture of Belarus of NAS" stood out. Among the mid-tall sources of group resistance to powdery mildew, Septoria leaf blotch and brown leaf rust, three domestic genotypes with high yields (116-155% related to the check variety) were distinguished: Darynka Kyivska,Amina, Vezha Myronivska (UKR). Among the semi-dwarfs, Novosmuhlianka and Koliada (UKR) were the best varieties in terms of yield (152% related to the check variety). Conclusions. It was determined that there were moderate or strong positive correlationsbetween the resistance of the winter bread wheat accessions under investigation to leaf diseases on epiphytoties and yield capacity (r = 0.47-0.60) with the greatest significance (P <0.01). At thesame time, Septoria-induced reduction in the yields was more conspicuous than that caused by brown leaf rust and especially by powdery mildew. The identified winter bread wheat sources of resistance to powdery mildew, Septoria leaf blotch, and brown leaf rust as well as of high yield
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OLESEN, J. E., L. N. JØRGENSEN, J. PETERSEN, and J. V. MORTENSEN. "Effects of rate and timing of nitrogen fertilizer on disease control by fungicides in winter wheat. 1. Grain yield and foliar disease control." Journal of Agricultural Science 140, no. 1 (2003): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859602002885.
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The effects of nitrogen (N) rate and timing on need for fungicide application in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were investigated in 3 years of field experiments on loamy sand soils in Denmark. A two-factor completely randomized experimental design was used, comprising seven combinations of different N fertilizer rates and application times, and five doses of fungicide (co-formulation propiconazole and fenpropimorph). Two different varieties of winter wheat with high susceptibility to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) were used, Florida in the first season and Pepital in the last two seasons. The severity of powdery mildew and septoria leaf spot (mainly Septoria tritici) varied between seasons from slight to moderate with powdery mildew dominating in the first season and septoria leaf spot in the last season. The severity of both powdery mildew and septoria leaf spot assessed as the Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) was increased by application of N in all years, and more so by early applied N. Grain yields increased with increasing N rate and fungicide dose. However, the observed grain yields did not reveal any N×fungicide interactions. Regression models were therefore fitted, relating grain yield to rate and timing of N fertilizer and to AUDPC of powdery mildew and septoria leaf spot, and relating AUDPC to rate and timing of N fertilizer and to fungicide dose. They demonstrated that septoria leaf spot had a considerably higher impact on grain yield than mildew. The optimal fungicide dose and N rate were defined as those giving the highest economic return. The regression models were used to estimate the effect of N rate and timing on optimal fungicide dose, and the effect of fungicide application on optimal N rate. The optimal fungicide dose increased almost linearly with N rate above a minimum N rate, but with a large dependency on price relations. Early applied N caused a higher demand for disease control. The fungicide applications in the model were mainly driven by the need to control septoria leaf spot, whereas powdery mildew gave a poor net return for control. The estimated optimal N fertilizer rate for untreated diseased crops was 60 kg N/ha lower than for crops without disease. The use of fungicides with an efficacy twice that of the EBI-fungicides used in this experiment would increase the optimal N rate by c. 20 kg N/ha.
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Wyenandt, Christian A., Landon H. Rhodes, Richard M. Riedel, and Mark A. Bennett. "Cover Crop Mulch and Fungicide Program Affect Development of Septoria Leaf Spot and Marketable Yield in Processing Tomato Production." HortScience 43, no. 3 (2008): 807–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.3.807.
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The development of septoria leaf spot in processing tomatoes grown on conventional (bare soil) beds or beds with chemically or mechanically killed winter rye (Secale cereale L.) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) cover crop mulch with or without fungicide was examined. The two fungicide treatment programs included fungicide applied weekly (7 d) and a no fungicide control. In mulch bed systems without fungicide, septoria leaf spot caused ≈50% defoliation 10 and 28 d later in 1997 and 1998 than in the conventional system, respectively. In both years, area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values for septoria leaf spot development were lower with the presence of a chemically or mechanically killed mulch compared with the conventional bed system when no fungicide was applied. In 1997, there were no significant differences in AUDPC values for septoria leaf spot development when fungicide was applied weekly. In 1998, AUDPC values were lower in both mulch systems compared with the conventional bed system when fungicide was applied weekly. At harvest in both years, defoliation was highest in the no fungicide control treatment. In 1997, marketable yield was significantly higher in both mulch systems compared with the conventional bed system. Conversely, in 1998, marketable yield was significantly higher in the conventional bed system than in either mulch bed system.
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Babkenova, S. A., A. T. Babkenov, and A. A. Shabdan. "DISSEMINATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SEPTORIOSIS IN SPRING WHEAT, DEPENDING ON WEATHER CONDITIONS IN THE NORTH OF KAZAKHSTAN." SERIES OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 55, no. 1 (2020): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2224-526x.1.
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Wheat is the main product in 53 countries, including in our country. The leading producers of wheat grain in Kazakhstan are Akmola, Kostanay and North Kazakhstan regions. The virulence of previously weakly pathogenic pathogens, for example, spotted wheat leaves caused by many imperfect fungi from the genera Septoria and others, has increased. The purpose of the study is to conduct phytosanitary monitoring of the spread and development of spring wheat septoria and to study the influence of weather conditions on the development of the disease. The technique is generally accepted in phytopathological studies. In 2018, favorable weather conditions were elaborated for the development of Septoria on spring wheat. A high correlation in all studied varieties was observed between the degree of manifestation of the disease and the number of days with precipitation > 1 mm. 2019 was an unfavorable year for the development of septorious spots, the disease was depressed. A close negative correlation was found on all wheat varieties between the degree of development of the disease and the number of days with precipitation > 1 mm. Phytosanitary monitoring of the spread and development of spring wheat septoria is required annual monitoring to conduct a complex of preventive and protective measures to limit them.
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Joshi, Bal K., Frank J. Louws, G. Craig Yenco, Byron R. Sosinski, Consuelo Arellano, and Dilip R. Panthee. "Molecular Markers for Septoria Leaf Spot (Septoria lycopersicii Speg.) Resistance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)." Nepal Journal of Biotechnology 3, no. 1 (2015): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njb.v3i1.14230.
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Marker assisted selection (MAS) has not been initiated in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) for septoria leaf spot (SLS) resistance caused by Septoria lycopersici Speg due to lack of molecular markers. We studied the inheritance of SLS resistance and identified molecular markers linked to SLS resistance using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) in a segregating F2 population. Tomato inbred lines, NC 85L-1W (2007), susceptible to SLS and NC 839-2(2007)-1, resistant to SLS were used to develop the segregating population. A total of 250 F2 plants, and 10 plants each of P1, P2 and F1 were grown at the Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center (MHCREC), Mills River NC in the summer of 2009. Disease severity was scored using a scale of 0 to 5, where 0 = no disease and 5 = complete development of disease. DNA was extracted from 2-3 week old plants and parental lines were screened with a total of 197 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, of which 34 were polymorphic. Two DNA bulks, called resistant bulk (RB) and susceptible bulk (SB) were prepared from the F2 individuals. The RB and SB consisted of 8 individuals each with disease scores of 0, and 4.0 or 4.5, respectively. The segregation ratio of resistant and susceptible plants in F2 generation fit the expected Mendelian ratio of 3:1 for a single dominant gene. Five RAPD markers were linked to the SLS disease reaction, of which two were linked to susceptibility and three to the resistance. Subject to verification in independent populations, these markers may be useful for MAS of SLS resistance in tomato.Nepal Journal of Biotechnology. Dec. 2015 Vol. 3, No. 1: 40-47
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Leath, S. "Factors Associated with Global Occurrences of Septoria nodorum Blotch and Septoria tritici Blotch of Wheat." Plant Disease 77, no. 12 (1993): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-77-1266.
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Trueman, C. L., M. R. McDonald, B. D. Gossen, and A. W. McKeown. "Evaluation of disease forecasting programs for management of septoria late blight (Septoria apiicola) on celery." Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 29, no. 4 (2007): 330–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07060660709507479.
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Nass, H. G., H. W. Johnston, E. Hansel, et al. "Karat winter wheat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 71, no. 1 (1991): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps91-028.
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Karat is a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) with bread making quality, high grain yield, and adequate straw strength. It is moderately susceptible to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe graminis D.C. ex. Merat f. sp. tritici Marchal) and septoria leaf and glume blotch (caused by Septoria nodorum Berk.) and is suited for production in areas of Eastern Canada where winter survival is not a problem. Key words: Wheat (winter), cultivar description
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Nass, H. G., H. W. Johnston, E. Hansel, et al. "Perlo winter wheat." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 71, no. 2 (1991): 527–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps91-076.
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Perlo is a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) with breadmaking quality, high grain yield, and adequate lodging resistance. It is moderately resistant to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe graminis Merat D.C. ex f. sp. tritici Marchal) and septoria leaf and glume blotch (caused by Septoria nodorum Berk.). Perlo is suited for production in areas of Eastern Canada where winter survival is not a problem. Key words: Wheat (winter), cultivar description
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OLESEN, J. E., L. N. JØRGENSEN, J. PETERSEN, and J. V. MORTENSEN. "Effects of rates and timing of nitrogen fertilizer on disease control by fungicides in winter wheat. 2. Crop growth and disease development." Journal of Agricultural Science 140, no. 1 (2003): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859602002897.
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Data from a two-factorial experiment carried out during 3 years were used to analyse the effects of crop nitrogen (N) status on disease development, and the effects of N supply and disease on light interception (IPAR) and radiation use efficiency (RUE) in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). The factors in the experiment comprised seven strategies of N fertilizer application including different N rates and timing of application, and five doses of fungicide application for control of the leaf diseases powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) and septoria leaf spot (Septoria tritici). Light interception was estimated from weekly measurements of crop spectral reflectance. The increase of crop dry matter was mainly affected by N fertilizer and disease through effects on IPAR. Early N application increased IPAR and thus dry matter growth more than later N application. A split N strategy may ensure both high N uptake and high growth rates of the crop. Only septoria leaf spot significantly reduced RUE. Septoria leaf spot was found to be up to nine times more detrimental to grain yield than powdery mildew for similar severity levels. Fungicide applications may therefore be reduced in cases of low powdery mildew severity combined with low crop susceptibility to this disease. This low susceptibility was found to be obtainable with split N application strategies, as the severity of both powdery mildew and septoria leaf spot increased with increasing leaf N concentration. A similar but smaller correlation was obtained between disease severity and canopy size. Measurements of canopy size using spectral reflectance may be used as a simple indicator of general crop susceptibility to disease, whereas measurements of leaf N concentration may be used as input into decision support systems for fungicide application.