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Christie-Blick, Nicholas, Stephen F. Pekar, and Andrew S. Madof. "Is there a role for sequence stratigraphy in chronostratigraphy?" Stratigraphy 4, no. 2-3 (2007): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29041/strat.04.2.15.
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Sequence stratigraphy revolutionized the field of stratigraphy in the late 1970s and 1980s by providing an interpretive depositional framework for integrating diverse stratigraphic data at the scale of sedimentary basins. However, a lack of consensus on criteria for recognizing, mapping and hence dating sequence boundaries, interpretations of uneven quality, and doubts about the universal eustatic origin and global synchrony of unconformity-related sequences limit the usefulness of sequence stratigraphy in chronostratigraphy.
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Wu, Heyuan, Muneeb Khan, and Ping Song. "Sequence Stratigraphy towards its standardization—an important scientific scheme." E3S Web of Conferences 131 (2019): 01034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913101034.
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In the Post-Exxon Era of sequence stratigraphy, various sequence models for the complex stratigraphic records with their response mechanisms are developed. All the models with strong pertinence are endowed, which lead to misapprehension in the conceptual system. Therefore, the standardization of sequence stratigraphy with the aim to provide consistency in the terminology has become an important motive of modern sequence. During the development of sequence stratigraphy, the identification and distinction between normal and forced regression have laid important foundation for the system description of sequence development. This becomes the first step towards the standardization because of model-independent nature. The introduction of model-independent unconventional system tracts in fluvial sequence models, which are low- and high-accommodation system tracts, which turn out to be another successful attempt of towards the standardization of sequence stratigraphy. The four parts of stratigraphic records, which include the complexity and cyclicity in the stratigraphic accumulation process; the non-gradual change and the non-integrity of the stratigraphic records; the variability represented by the diversity of the sequence models and the nature of standardization including variability, will provide more clues and approaches for further sequence stratigraphy development
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Li, Jin Hua. "Fluvial Facies Sequence Stratigraphy and its Application to Oil Exploration." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 2715–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.2715.
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It is considered that discussion on adaptability of sequence stratigraphy in fluvial sedimentation is significant for oil exploration. As the main controlling factor is the sea-level fluctuations in the coastal river system, Exxon sequence stratigraphy can be applied to divide the sequences into: lowstand, transgressive and highstand systems tracts. And in the inland fluvial system, the application of low- and high-accommodation systems tracts may keep more coincident with the actual stratigraphic record. From the Exxon stratigraphy to low- and high-accommodation systems tracts, each model will be of great value in the petroleum exploration because of the lateral phase transition raised and the vertical phase transition predicted. However, controlled by many allogenic processes, fluvial strata still shows many problems in which the patterns can not be clearly explained. Thus, fluvial sequence stratigraphy needs to be further developed. Researching on various models of fluvial facies sequence stratigraphy in the development process will bring the important theoretical and practical value to the oil reservoir exploration.
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Ross, W. C. "Cyclic stratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy, and stratigraphic modeling from 1964 to 1989: Twenty-five years of progress?" Bulletin (Kansas Geological Survey), no. 233 (April 16, 2024): 3–8. https://doi.org/10.17161/kgsbulletin.no.233.20445.
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The evolution of concept development in stratigraphy between 1964 and 1989 is reviewed by comparing and contrasting the contents of the golden book volume on cyclic stratigraphy (Merriam, 1964) with the present volume. Although separated by more than 25 years, both volumes treat strikingly similar subject material with an emphasis on cyclic stratigraphy, time stratigraphy, and the genetics of basin fill. The collection of papers found in the earlier volume reflects the culmination of work from the most prominent stratigraphers of the 1940's through the early 1960's, a period strongly affected by the principles of sequence stratigraphy. Workers from this generation established many of the fundamental stratigraphic concepts that we view as modem. During the mid-1960's and 1970's emphasis shifted to research on facies models, and with few exceptions stratigraphic cyclicity, sequence stratigraphy, and the genetics of basin fill processes were scarcely considered. With the advent of seismic stratigraphy, in the late 1970's, sequence stratigraphy was reborn, and with it a new generation of researchers focusing on the genetics of basin fill. The earlier book and the present volume reflect two distinct episodes of stratigraphic concept development related to two separate episodes in the history of sequence stratigraphy. In contrast to the authors of the golden book, genetic stratigraphers in the present volume have the advantage of computer-based stratigraphic modeling tools. Armed with these tools and the body of knowledge about facies models accumulated in the past 25 years, the geologic community is poised to make great strides in the development of powerful predictive models for sedimentary basin evolution.
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Christie-Blick, Nicholas, and Neal W. Driscoll. "Sequence Stratigraphy." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 23, no. 1 (May 1995): 451–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.23.050195.002315.
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Kauffman, Erle G., and Bradley B. Sageman. "Biological patterns in sequence stratigraphy; Cretaceous of the Western Interior Basin, North America." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200007188.
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High-resolution stratigraphic analysis of Cretaceous strata in the Western Interior Basin (WIB) of North America has allowed definition of numerous disconformity-bounded, eustatically and/or tectonically driven sequences and their systems tracts at 2nd- through 4th-order scale, as well as 5th- to 7th-order climate-induced cycles. Integrated event chronostratigraphy and biostratigraphy allow detailed regional tracing and facies analysis of these sequences, leading to three-dimensional modeling of facies evolution. Whether driven by relative sealevel changes or smaller scale climate cycles, Cretaceous sequences and their bounding disconformities reflect dynamic changes in many factors which moderate biological systems (e.g. sealevel and paleobathymetric changes, changes in current velocity and in erosion/sedimentation rates and patterns, watermass temperature and chemistry, etc). Predictable biological responses (patterns) to varying environmental conditions and different systems tracts are expected in sequence stratigraphy. Once defined within well-studied systems, these patterns can then be used as an independent tool for sequence stratigraphic analysis. To date, our research has focused on the development of paleobiological criteria which aid in the recognition of sequence stratigraphic frameworks, especially in basinal facies where sequence boundaries and systems tracts may be subtly defined in the physical stratigraphy. Such criteria may include the identification of sequence boundaries and other omission surfaces by punctuated character displacement in evolutionary series, by condensation or omission of biostratigraphic zones, by mixed or time-averaged community elements and biozones, and by selective colonization by firm substrate-dependent benthic communities. Gradients within and between systems are characterized by different community composition, biofacies, taxonomic and community diversity patterns, adaptive bauplans among resident taxa, taphonomic signatures, and bioevents that allow predictive biological characterization in sequence stratigraphy. Once established and correlated, sequence stratigraphic systems among different basins provide a chronostratigaphic and environmental framework within which the regional dynamics of ancient populations and communities can be evaluated, leading to the analysis and modeling of relationships between sealevel changes and biogeographic migration patterns, and the rates and patterns of evolution and extinction.
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Wu, He Yuan, and Bin Hao. "Third-Order Sequence Division of Yunmengshan and Baicaoping Formation of Proterozoic in Yuxi District of China: an Example from Xiatang Profile in Lushan." Advanced Materials Research 998-999 (July 2014): 1492–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.998-999.1492.
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There are controversies on the Proterozoic stratigraphic genesis, division, correlation and palaeogeographical evolution of western Henan in China. Based on the basic description of sedimentary facies, Yunmengshan and Baicaoping formation of Proterozoic typical section in western Henan is divided into 4 third-order sequences. Sequence stratigraphy framework which reflects sedimentary and overlap is established with basis of two kinds of facies-change surface and two kinds of diachrononism in stratigraphical records. Although chronostratigraphic belonging of Precambrian strata is controversial and Precambrian sequential stratigraphic study is tremendously challenging, the establishment of sequence stratigraphy framework of proterozoic Yunmengshan and Baicaoping formation in western Henan provides actual data to reshape palaeogeographic pattern of Palaeoproterozoic North China craton. What is more, it becomes a typical example of characteristics and exploration of stratigraphic accumulation under the background of tidal action.
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Zhou, Guangzhao, Zhiming Hu, Xianggang Duan, and Jin Chang. "Identification of sequence stratigraphy in the Dongying Formation of the Liaoxi low uplift, Bohai Bay Basin, China." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, no. 5 (May 2020): 647–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2018-0276.
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A change in sea level (or lake level) causes a change in accommodation space and sediment compensation, which then controls the formation and evolution of sequences. A multidisciplinary approach based on the integration of clay minerals, major and trace elements, paleosalinity, and three-dimensional seismic data were applied to interpret the stratigraphic sequence of the Dongying Formation in the Liaoxi low uplift. The sequence surface indicates that multistage tectonic action, paleoclimate, paleosalinity, and lake level change jointly controlled the sequence stratigraphy. The illite and illite–smectite mixed layers indicate an arid to semi-arid climate, whereas kaolinite implies humid conditions. Based on this principle, it is clear that the stratigraphic sequence is closely related to paleoclimate. Interpretation of the continental or marine character of the sediments via paleosalinity is increasingly based on the concentration of some trace elements. Hence, the sequence surface can be better evaluated through paleosalinity data. Based on the Sr/Ba and boron content, paleosalinity was evaluated and the sequence boundary was identified. Analysis of the concentration of major and trace elements was used to identify the lithology of the sedimentary region and further discern the stratigraphic sequence. These sequences are composed of lowstand, transgressive, and highstand system tracts. The work herein aimed to understand the reasons for the changes in sequences under the paleoclimate. In addition, major and trace elements, studied together with paleosalinity and clay mineral content, result in the determination of implications for sequence stratigraphy in many other basins. This paper can provide a novel method for comprehensively discerning a sequence surface.
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Catuneanu, Octavian, William E. Galloway, Christopher G. S. t. C. Kendall, Andrew D. Miall, Henry W. Posamentier, André Strasser, and Maurice E. Tucker. "Sequence Stratigraphy: Methodology and Nomenclature." Newsletters on Stratigraphy 44, no. 3 (November 1, 2011): 173–245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0078-0421/2011/0011.
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Xu, Haichun, Nan Wu, Xinyan Xu, Bo Yu, and Ke Xu. "Orbital-Scale Modulation of the Middle Miocene Third-Order Eustatic Sequences from the Northern South China Sea." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 5 (May 7, 2025): 921. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13050921.
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The Miocene Hanjiang Formation (HJF) is a remarkable exploration target in the Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB). However, challenges such as bias in current sequence stratigraphic schemes, limitations in high-resolution stratigraphic schemes, and incomplete understanding of genetic mechanisms may present obstacles for refining hydrocarbon exploration strategies. This study integrates gamma ray (GR) logging data, lithological variations, sequence stratigraphy, and cyclostratigraphy to delineate connections between sequence stratigraphy and astronomical forcing. The analysis utilizes gamma-ray logging data from boreholes LFA (1250–1960 m) and LFB (1070–1955 m) in the HJF. We constructed an absolute astronomical time scale anchored at the HJF’s top boundary (10.221 ± 0.4 Ma), identifying 6 third-order sequences through detailed analysis. Notably, 18 long-eccentricity cycles (405 kyr) and distinctive 1.2-Myr obliquity modulation signals were detected in the stratigraphic record. Our study demonstrates distinct connection between third-order sequence boundaries and the 1.2-Myr obliquity cycles, congruent with both global eustatic sea-level fluctuations and regional sea-level changes in the PRMB. The integration of cyclostratigraphic methods with sequence stratigraphic analysis proves particularly valuable for objective stratigraphic subdivision and understanding third-order sequence evolution in the divergent continental margin settings of the South China Sea. This approach enhances temporal resolution on a regional scale while revealing astronomical forcing mechanisms governing sedimentary cyclicity.
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McAnany, Patricia A., and Ian Hodder. "Thinking about stratigraphic sequence in social terms." Archaeological Dialogues 16, no. 1 (June 2009): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203809002748.
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AbstractFor archaeologists, stratification is an important character of archaeological deposits. Through it, layering is discerned and cultural and evolutionary interpretations are proposed. Archaeologists possess much implicit knowledge about the social practices that produce stratigraphic sequence and the specific, contextualized manner in which layers were built upon or cut into previous deposits. The aim of this paper is to gather together and formalize this knowledge so as to codify conceptual ‘tools to think by’ when recording and interpreting stratigraphy. Relevant literature is widely dispersed and here can only be sampled; authors consider stratigraphy in terms of (1) techniques of terraforming, (2) processes enacted and (3) meaning and interpretation. Techniques and processes are discussed within larger social interpretations such as memory, history-building, forgetting, renewing, cleansing and destroying. Examples are drawn from the Turkish Neolithic site of Çatalhöyük and the ancestral Maya site of K'axob in Belize, Central America, to illustrate the applicability of an approach that here is called ‘social stratigraphy’. A practice-based history of stratigraphy – the recording and interpretation of strata – within archaeology is problematized in reference to codependence with geology, the deployment of labour and centralized authority within the emergent 19th- to early 20th-century field of archaeology. The contributions of and conflicts between British and American stratigraphic schools are considered in light of a potential rapprochement. Contested issues of cultural heritage – such as preservation of selected strata – suggest that thinking about stratigraphic sequence in social terms is more than an academic exercise.
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Zhang, Lei, Lun Wei Zhu, and Xue Juan Zhang. "High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy of Silurian Strata in Tazhong Area." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.111.
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According to the fundamental principles of high resolution sequence stratigraphy, this paper focused on the application of high resolution sequence stratigraphy to Silurian strata in Tazhong area. Based on the comprehensive study of logging, drilling and seismic information, the high resolution sequence boundaries of Silurian strata and two scales of datum level cycles (long-term and intermediate-term) can be recognized in Tazhong area. Seven chronstratigraphic boundaries can be recognized in Silurian strata, including four sequence boundaries, which were the transformation from datum level falling to datum level rising, and three flooding surfaces, which the transformation from datum level rising to datum level falling. The Silurian strata in Tazhong area can be divided into three third-order sequences which correspond to three long-term datum level cycles, and 11 fourth-order sequences (parasequence sets) relating to 11 intermediate-term datum level cycles. The classification aforementioned can much better solved the corresponding problem between the six lithological sections of Silurian strata and sequence formations, finally establishes the high resolution sequence stratigraphic framework of Silurian strata in Tazhong area.
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Ripepe, Maurizio, and Alfred G. Fischer. "Stratigraphic rhythms synthesized from orbital variations." Bulletin (Kansas Geological Survey), no. 233 (April 16, 2024): 335–44. https://doi.org/10.17161/kgsbulletin.no.233.20466.
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Previous work on a pelagic stratigraphic sequence in the Middle Cretaceous (Albian) of Italy, about 100 Ma, defined a hierarchy of oscillations. These were identified as variations in carbonate productivity and bottom fauna linked to seafloor aeration. The sequence geometry suggests response to orbitally driven climatic variations, reflecting Berger's precession index, which depicts the precession cycle as a carrier wave modulated by orbital eccentricity. Here we use Berger's astronomic precession index curve for the past 1,500 k.y. in combination with the stratigraphic data to construct a forward model of sedimentation and stratigraphy. The precession index curve serves as a point of departure, and modeling proceeds in three steps: (1) conversion of the precession index into a curve of sedimentation rates through time, using the flux rates calculated from the stratigraphy and applied in a nonlinear way; (2) conversion of that curve into an ideal stratigraphy in which the time dimension is changed into the spatial dimension of stratigraphy; and (3) modification of this stratigraphy by bioturbation as a nonlinear function of seafloor aeration. This computer simulation produces a reasonably good match to the observed stratigraphy. Perhaps more important is the insight gained into changes in the distribution of spectral power; whereas the power of the precession index lies wholly in the precessional terms, that of the stratigraphic sequence lies largely in the eccentricity frequencies. Our model shows how power is transferred from one to the other in each of the three steps. The spectrum of the ultimate stratigraphy synthesized is essentially identical with that of the natural sequence.
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McGowran, Brian, and Qianyu Li. "Stratigraphy: gateway to geohistory and biohistory." Stratigraphy 4, no. 2-3 (2007): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.29041/strat.04.2.11.
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Concerned with the ordination, correlation and age determination of the rock record and the events entombed therein, stratigraphy is the central discipline in geohistory and biohistory. We consider (from our Cenozoic perch) changes in stratigraphy since the gestation of the International Stratigraphic Guide—changes in response to the “revolutions" of plate tectonics, bolide theory, sequence stratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy, and a cultural shift away from Lyellian gradualism. We discuss certain strictly stratigraphic matters in terms of the “Hedberg triad" of lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy, which triad has had its day as the core structure of the Guide. Sequence stratigraphy challenges both the lithostratigraphic formation and the notion of pervasive diachrony. Biostratigraphy flourishes in both its oppelzone and phylozone modes and is integrated increasingly with geomagnetic (the Cenozoic spine) and radiometric evidence in a sequence-and cyclostratigraphic context. Chronostratigraphic classification is hierarchical but rigid nesting is questioned.
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Yuan, Hong Qi, Ying Hua Yu, and Dong Li Sun. "Sequence Boundaries Identification of Putaohua Oil Layer in Qijia-Gulong Area." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.166.
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Sequence is a relatively conformable succession of genetically related strata bounded by unconformities or their correlative conformities. The correct identification of sequence boundaries is the key to the success of the sequence stratigraphic approach. Stratigraphic boundaries provide the fundamental framework for the genetic interpretation of any sedimentary succession, irrespective of how one may choose to name the packages of strata between them. Sequence stratigraphy of main research content is mainly chronohorizon (unconformity or conformity) identification, and to determine its causes and characteristics. Then, the key to sequence stratigraphy is identification unconformity and their correlative conformities. Unconformity and their correlative conformities on the seismic profiles, well logs, lithology, paleontology, and geochemical data have distinctive sequence boundaries mark characteristics.
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Lebedev, M. V. "FACIAL UNCONFORMITIES AND FACIAL SERIES IN THE SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 6 (January 20, 2019): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2018-6-24-32.
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The sequence stratigraphy is currently, on the one hand, a leading approach in the study of the internal structure of sedimentary basins, on the other hand, a creatively developing discipline, the conceptual basis of which is being developed. The concept of a «system tract» is one of the most questionable concepts of sequence stratigraphy. According to the classical definition, system tract is a lateral sequence of facies, in accordance with modern definitions system tract is a geological body bounded by sequence-stratigraphic surfaces. It remains unclear: whether the idea of the lateral ordering of the system tract has been preserved in the modern definition. The author of the article has performed an analysis of two well-known sequence-stratigraphic models to answer this question. It is model Depositional Sequence II and model Depositional Sequence IV. The concepts of «facial unconformities» and «facial series» became the basis of the analysis. The author has constructed his own version of the sequence-stratigraphic model for the sedimentary basin. According to the results of its analysis, the author proposes to include the concept of «facial series» in the theoretical basis of sequence stratigraphy. The concept of a «system tract» is recommended to consider as a geological body bounded by genetic facial unconformities.
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Pemberton, S. George, Janok P. Bhattacharya, James A. MacEachern, and Erin A. L. Pemberton. "Harry Eugene Wheeler (1907-1987): A Pioneer of Sequence Stratigraphy." Stratigraphy 13, no. 2 (2016): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.29041/strat.13.2.02.
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Harry Eugene Wheeler (1907-1987) of the University of Washington was a pioneer of genetic stratigraphic principles that form the basis of our modern concept of sequence stratigraphy. Wheeler's papers on what he liked to refer to as "stratology" included the classification of stratigraphic units into lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic entities, as well as cyclothems, unconformity-bounded units, and the analysis of base-level and its role in forming stratigraphic discontinuities. His work on unconformity-bounded "sequences" ultimately led the International Subcommission on Stratigraphic Classification to define them formally in 1987. The plots used to clarify the time-relationships of rock units are now referred to as "Wheeler diagrams". It is not uncommon that, in any scientific paradigm shift, many of the key pioneers are not fully recognized for their contributions at the time, being significantly ahead of prevailing concepts. It is also not uncommon that, by the time their points of view come into vogue, their contributions may have been largely forgotten with greater recognition given to those who synthesized or "popularized" their concepts. This is certainly true in the fields of seismic and sequence stratigraphy, where, despite the theoretical framework for sequence analysis formulated by Wheeler (1958a), little reference was made to Wheeler's work in the early formulation of these concepts in the 1970s and 1980s. Wheeler, schooled by Blackwelder, Mueller, and Schenck at Stanford and armed with the base-level concept of Joseph Barrell, was one of the first to recognize the concept of time stratigraphy. Due to his unorthodox view of stratigraphy, Wheeler was involved in one controversy after another and his views were deemed to be provocative. While the valuable contributions of latter practitioners and synthesizers are justifiably lauded, the works of original pioneers such as Harry Eugene Wheeler are largely underappreciated.
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Li, Jing Zhe, Jing Liang Zhang, Yong Yuan, Peng Hui Zhang, Cun Lei Li, Zhong Qin Luo, Lei Qin, Fang Ding, Xue Li, and Yan Li. "Sequence Stratigraphy of Jurassic Succession in Central Junggar Basin, China." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.440.
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Sequence stratigraphic features of the Jurassic succession in Central Junggar Basin were investigated by integrating multiple materials including cores, well and seismic data. Due to their unique formation mechanism, sequences of the target interval were analyzed with a binary systems tract mode (each complete sequence contains a transgressive systems tract and a highstand systems tract) rather than the traditional one. Basic principles and analytical methods of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy were also applied to this research. By adopting cyclic correlation and hierarchical control techniques, eight sequences (Sq1-Sq8) were identified in the target interval. Especially, coal seams are of great significance in the sequence identification and they were considered to be closely relevant to maximum flooding surfaces (mfs).
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Simmons, M. D., and C. L. Williams. "Sequence stratigraphy and eustatic sea-level change: the role of micropalaeontology." Journal of Micropalaeontology 11, no. 2 (December 1, 1992): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.11.2.112.
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Abstract. Following the May 1992 meeting in Dijon, which initiated an international project on the “Sequence Stratigraphy of European Basins”, it seems an appropriate time to consider the contribution micropalaeontology can make to the science of sequence stratigraphy. In this short note, we assume that readers are familiar with sequence stratigraphic terminology; if not, see Van Wagoner et al. (1988).WHAT ARE THE CHALLENGES FACING SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY?Demonstrating global eustatic sea-level change. We accept that the basic sequence stratigraphy model put forward by Peter Vail and his colleagues (see Van Wagoner et al., 1988 for a summary) is a powerful tool for describing many sedimentary successions, and that the associated eustatic sea-level curve (Haq et al., 1987) has some validity. Our own observations on numerous sedimentary sequences around the world suggest that local and global eustatic events exist, and that relative sea-level curves can be constructed, but it should be remembered that the timing and magnitude of many global eustatic events are still to be established. As most workers in the field will be aware, much of the evidence to support the Haq et al. curve has not been published. The Sequence Stratigraphy of European Basins Project will go some way to rectify this, but it should be borne in mind that there can be an unfortunate tendency to use the Haq et al. curve for dating in its own right - i.e. fitting relative sea-level changes seen in a succession to the curve. If this is done, then the global . . .
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Nainggolan, T. B., U. Nurhasanah, and I. Setiadi. "Depositional sequence interpretation using seismic and well data of offshore Central Sumatra Basin." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 944, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/944/1/012002.
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Abstract Offshore Central Sumatra Basin is an integral part of Central Sumatra Basin known for producing hydrocarbon basins. The derivation of stratigraphic study of seismic and well data is intended to improve accuracy of geological interpretation. Sequence stratigraphy studies have a significant role in exploratory studies to determine which depositional sequence can be inferred as hydrocarbon reservoir and its correlation in petroleum system. This study aims to identify biogenic gas sequential interpretation using seismic and well data of offshore Central Sumatra Basin. The procedure to analyze sequence stratigraphy is to identify stratigraphy surface markers using GR log, then map these markers to the seismic section that has been tied with good data to determine the distribution of each stratigraphy sequence. This study area has five depositional sequences, which are predominantly formed in marine depositional environments. Potential source rock in this area is at DS-1 which has a lacustrine depositional environment with euxinic conditions. The euxinic shale at the upper TST-1 deposit could be a source rock with hydrocarbon migration through faults. Biogenic gas reservoir potential is in Petani Formation (DS-5). Shale in MFS-5 and HST-5 could be a hydrocarbon trap, whereas LST-5 and TST-5 sandstone deposits can be a reservoir.
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Yu, Bao, and Ling Yu Xu. "Sequence Stratigraphic Characteristics of Damoguaihe Formation in the North of Wuerxun Sag." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.84.
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Using the theories and methods of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy in rift lacustrine basins, we analyzed seismic, logging and drilling core data of the Damoguaihe Formation in the northern Wuerxun Sag area of the Hailaer Basin in order to understand its sequence stratigraphy characters. We identified third-order sequence boundaries and maximum flooding surfaces and established the sequence stratigraphic framework of the Damoguaihe Formation, which is a set of type sequence. It includes lowstand system tracts (LST), transgressive system tracts (TST) and highstand system tracts (HST).
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Reilly, Mark, Suzanne Hurter, Zsolt Hamerli, Claudio L. de Andrade Vieira Filho, Andrew LaCroix, and Sebastian Gonzalez. "An integrated approach to the Surat Basin stratigraphy." APPEA Journal 59, no. 2 (2019): 940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18073.
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The stratigraphy of the Surat Basin, Queensland, has historically been sub-divided by formation and unit nomenclature with a few attempts by other authors to apply sequence stratigraphy to existing formation boundaries. At a local- to field-scale, lithostratigraphy may be able to represent stratigraphy well, but at regional-scale, lithostratigraphic units are likely to be diachronous. To date, this lithology-driven framework does not accurately reflect time relationships in the sub-surface. An entirely new integrated methodological approach, involving well tied seismic data and sequence stratigraphic well-to-well correlations compared with published zircon age dates, has been applied to hundreds of deep wells and shallower coal seam gas wells. This method sub-divides the Surat Basin stratigraphy into defendable 2nd order to 3rd order sequence stratigraphic cycles and has required the use of an alpha-numeric sequence stratigraphic nomenclature to adequately and systematically label potential time equivalent surfaces basin-wide. Correlation of wells is the first step in building models of aquifers and coal seam gas fields for numerical simulation of fluid flow, which is necessary for responsible resource management. Lithostratigraphic correlations will overestimate the extent and hydraulic connectedness of the strata of interest. The result may be fluid flow models that do not represent a realistic pressure footprint of the flow. The present sequence stratigraphic method more accurately reflects the disconnectedness of sub-surface coals and sandstones (aquifers) on a field-to-field scale, adjacent field-scale, and basin-wide scale. It forms the basis for improved and more representative modelling of the sub-surface.
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Pedersen, Stig A. Schack. "Glaciodynamic sequence stratigraphy." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 368, no. 1 (2012): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp368.2.
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Ainsworth, R. Bruce, Jamie B. McArthur, Simon C. Lang, and Adam J. Vonk. "Quantitative sequence stratigraphy." AAPG Bulletin 102, no. 10 (October 2018): 1913–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/02201817271.
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Catuneanu, O., M. A. Martins-Neto, and P. G. Eriksson. "Precambrian sequence stratigraphy." Sedimentary Geology 176, no. 1-2 (April 2005): 67–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2004.12.009.
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Martins-Neto, M. A., and O. Catuneanu. "Rift sequence stratigraphy." Marine and Petroleum Geology 27, no. 1 (January 2010): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.08.001.
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de Graciansky, Pierre Charles. "Siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy." Marine and Petroleum Geology 12, no. 6 (1995): 691–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(95)90033-0.
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Veillette, Jean J., and F. M. Nixon. "Sequence of Quaternary Sediments in the Bélanger Sand Pit, Pointe-Fortune, Québec-Ontario." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 38, no. 1 (November 29, 2007): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032536ar.
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ABSTRACT Drilling in the floor of the Bélanger sand pit (Ontario) near Pointe-Fortune, Québec, added 3 stratigraphic units to those already exposed in the pit: a lowermost till, and an intermediate organic-bearing (?) sand-clay unit overlain by a massive lacustrine clay. The subsurface units, comprising about 70% of the stratigraphy, complete the Quaternary sequence exposed in the pit face : an organic-bearing silty sand (>40 000 years BP) unit truncated by an unfos-siliferous sand unit and overlain by the uppermost till. The overall sequence forms a continuous 18 m column of Quaternary sediments. The Pointe-Fortune sequence shows some similarities with the Trois-Rivières Quaternary series which includes the Saint-Pierre sediments >75 000 years old. In addition to stratigraphie information the combination of direct (drilling) and indirect (geophysical) methods of investigation by providing a three-dimensional picture of the subsurface has proved helpful in interpreting the stratigraphy. The geotechnical properties of a massive overconsolidated clay have been determined to facilitate the planning of future subsurface investigation.
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Masuda, Fujio, and Shuichi Tokuhashi. "Sequence stratigraphy; seeking its possibility. Sequence stratigraphy: Its effect on "stratigraphy" and its future." Journal of the Japanese Association for Petroleum Technology 59, no. 1 (1994): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3720/japt.59.4.
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Brake, A. T. "AVOIDING STRATIGRAPHIC CONFUSION IN EXPLORATION: THE NEED FOR STANDARDS IN SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY." APPEA Journal 39, no. 1 (1999): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj98029.
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As interpretations of sequence stratigraphy are published in increasing numbers in the petroleum exploration literature, the potential for confusion also increases because there are no rules for the classification or naming of the identified sequences. At present it is difficult to apply databases and geographic information systems to sequence stratigraphy, particularly when organisations with different outlooks and approaches attempt to collaborate and merge their databases.Despite sequence stratigraphic concepts having been in the literature for over two decades, no scheme for standardisation has achieved consensus in the geoscientific community, either within Australia or internationally. Three areas in particular need to be agreed on: (1) how sequence units should be defined; (2) the hierarchy of those units, and on what basis; and (3) a standard scheme for naming units.The two basic ways of subdividing a succession into sequence units, the Vail–Exxon and Galloway methods, both rely on the enclosing boundaries being defined first. Various hierarchies of units have been proposed, in which there is often a clear desire to link the scale of sequence units to phases of geological evolution or stratal boundaries of different orders. In addition, most workers use informal names, but formal names are becoming more common. Consequently, it is essential that workable national guidelines be developed to ensure that communication and computer compatibility are not impeded.
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Didei, I. S., and N. E. Ajaegwu. "Palynological and Sequence Stratigraphy Framework of Campanian-Maastrichtian Deposit of Anambra Basin, Awgu Section, Southeast Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 28, no. 6 (June 21, 2024): 1697–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i6.7.
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A combination of palynological and palynofacies data are used as lithological evidence to describe sequence stratigraphic framework. Hence, the objective of this paper as to deploy the palynological and sequence stratigraphy framework of Campanian-Maastrichtian deposit of Anambra Basin, Awgu Section, Southeast Nigeria using standard techniques. The sequence stratigraphic analysis of the various succession in the studied outcrop sections identified parasequences limited by flooding surfaces with no evidence of erosion. The Nkporo and Mamu Formations were dated using the associated palynomorphs. The Anambra Basin show some complexity in terms of depositional style, sequence stratigraphy and control during the early and post infill of the structurally control basin. The outcrop sections logged reveals the presence of key stratigraphic surfaces and system tracts. The results from this study provides useful information of reservoir and seal rocks that are essential for hydrocarbon accumulation and stratigraphic trapping on the bases of the alternating high stand, low stand and transgressive system tracts.
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Pemberton, S. George, Janok P. Bhattacharya, James A. MacEachern, and Erin A. L. Pemberton. "Unsung Pioneers of Sequence Stratigraphy: Eliot Blackwelder, Joseph Barrell, Amadeus Grabau, John Rich and Harry Wheeler." Stratigraphy 13, no. 4 (2017): 223–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29041/strat.13.4.01.
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Few facies analysts or stratigraphers would argue against the contention that the transition to facies-driven sequence strati- graphic correlations represents one of the most important paradigm shifts in modern stratigraphy. What is less commonly appreciated is that most of the fundamental underpinnings of sequence stratigraphy were derived from a relatively small number of pioneers in the early to mid-1900s; most of them largely unknown or underappreciated by the current generation of sequence stratigraphers. Chief among these are Eliot Blackwelder, Amadeus Grabau, Joseph Barrell, John Rich, and Harry Wheeler. Blackwelder was perhaps the first to point out the presence and significance of regional unconformities in the packaging of strata in North America, which would later come to form the basis of the well-known cratonic megasequences of Larry Sloss. However, Blackwelder is best appreciated as the mentor and colleague of not only these other pioneers, but also of key workers who themselves ultimately mentored some of the most renowned sequence stratigraphers of the 1970s and 1980s. Amadeus Grabau focused his attention on expounding the law of the correlation of facies of Johannes Walther and bringing facies-driven correlations into stratigraphy; an approach at odds with the then prevailing view of lithostratigraphy as the principal physical stratigraphic framework. Grabau recognized that the rock record contains numerous temporal gaps that partition facies succes- sions, for which he defined the term “hiatus”. His Pulsation theory was used to explain the cycles of deposition and hiatal erosion/bypass, and although the mechanism is different, the net outcome of such “oscillations” is broadly similar to the effects of eustacy and tectonism that we assign to such changes today. Joseph Barrell developed the concept of base level and explored its role in controlling erosion versus deposition. Like Grabau, Barrell insisted that sedimentation was not continuous, leading to a stratigraphy that is replete with breaks of varying durations. For these he coined the term “diastems” for the small but more numerous breaks, which could be contrasted with those reflecting longer breaks which he referred to as “discontinuities”. John Rich evaluated depositional topography, for which he coined the terms clinoform, undaform and fondoform. He recognized that such depositional bodies necessarily link genetically related associations of sediment deposited from the shoreline to the basin center; what today we regard as the depositional system. The resulting architectures bounded by these surfaces form the underpinning of all systems tracts in modern sequence stratigraphy. Harry Wheeler formalized the concept of time-stratigraphy, demonstrating that temporal gaps in stratigraphy are as important in understanding the rock record as the rocks themselves. His novel approach of developing stratigraphic cross-sections with time on the vertical axis pioneered the concept of chronostratigraphy through the development of what are now referred to as Wheeler Diagrams. His resurrection of the base-level concept expounded by earlier workers was instrumental in defining sequences as unconformity-bounded units, re-establishing the concepts pio- neered by Blackwelder himself. In concert, these stratigraphic visionaries erected a stratigraphic framework focused on the understanding of the stratigraphic record as opposed to its simple lithostratigraphic mapping or biostratigraphic dating. These unsung pioneers put into place virtually all components of modern sequence stratigraphy more than two decades before its popularization in the scientific commubity.
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Li, Ang, Lai Xing Cai, Shuang Liu, and Qi Li. "Characteristics of Sedimentation Evolution Based on the Sequence Stratigraphic Frameworks in Shahezi Formation of Southern Xujiweizi Fault Depression." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 1359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.1359.
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Many scholars in China introduced the theory of sequence stratigraphy,applying to Chinese continental fault depression lake, they have made a lot of achievements in scientific research. However, there are still a lot of controversy according to the establishment in Shahezi group of sequence stratigraphic framework in Xujiaweizi fault depression.Sequence boundary identification method in this paper is based on the “instruction of Vail’s sequence stratigraphy theory, identification of seismic unconformity, verification by using logging methords”. And, following the principle of isochronous ,sequence stratigraphic framework of this region is established clearly. The southern Xujiaweizi fault depression in Shahezi group is divided into 1 second grade sequence, in the interior distributed SQ1-SQ4 4 third grade sequences from the bottom. Developmental stages at the bottom of SQ1 and the top of SQ4, basin is small and water is shallow. However, Developmental stages in SQ2 and SQ3,water enters the lake basin continuously, formed a sedimentary background of “wide basin and deep water”. In addition, each of the three grade sequence has split structure, the lake transgressive domain and lake regression domain two system tracts. Besides, the reversed order para-sequence sets caused by the lake regression and progradation set on the positive para-sequence sets caused by the lake transgression and retrogradation. On the basis of sequence stratigraphic division and correlation, conbined with the regional construction and the supply of provenance ,the sedimentary sequence framework of evolution characteristics are studied.That fan delta,braided river delta, lacustrine are the main facies types in study area. Characteristics of sedimentary evolution there are like this: the characteristics of sedimentation evolution show framework controls sand, succession of evolution, separated-source sedimentary, contiguously distribution.
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Situmorang, Dr B. "Seismic Stratigraphy Of The Makassar Basin." Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas 10, no. 1 (April 14, 2022): 3–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29017/scog.10.1.895.
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Seismic reflection profiles from the Makassar basin have been analysed in terms of seismic stratigraphy. Systematic patterns of reflection terminations indicate the existence of at least three surfaces of discontinuity across the profiles-designated in order of superposition as C1, C2 and C3 - which define the boundaries of four seismic sequences, ie. :- seismic sequence I : topped by C1- seismic sequence II : the interval between C1 and C2- seismic sequence III : the interval between C2 and C3- seismic sequence IV : the interval between Cz and the sea floor Seismic sequence II is dominated by basin slope and basin floor seismic facies whereas seismic sequences II and IV consist of mainly shelf and shelf margin seismic facies. Correlation of seismic sequences with well data facilitates the exposition of basin development, The Late Cretaceous-early Tertiary regional uplift and erosion produced a major unconformity C1, upon which the transgressive facies of seismic sequence II was deposited. A lowstand of sea level due to the so-called intra-Mio- cene orogeny occurred in the upper Early Miocene and produced the C2. Deposition of seismic sequence III is marked by a relative rise of sea level, probably followed by another lowstand of sea level during Mio-Pliocene which formed the C3. The final event is an overall transgression and deposition of seismic sequence IV, with a possible minor lowstand of sea level in Pliocene-Recent, The occurrence of basin slope and basin floor seismic facies within seismic sequence II suggests that in the pre-Lower Miocene, basin subsidence was slightly greater than the rate of depositions. Since Lower Miocene both subsidence and sedimentation rates were equal and the deposition of shelf and shelf margin seismic facies of seismic sequences III and IV was prevailed in the basin.
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Herdiansyah, Firman, M. Burhannudinnur, Suryo Prakoso, Isranto Hp, Dwi Kurnianto, Teddy Irano, and Billy Harnest. "Sequence Stratigraphy of Miocene Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic in Fold and Thrust Belt System, Banggai Basin." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1104, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1104/1/012045.
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Abstract This study was specifically analyzed in the southern part of the Banggai Basin, precisely in the TKA Field. In the Tertiary, regional stratigraphy reveals, the Banggai Sula microplate comprises carbonate shelf and siliciclastic sequence. Several previous studies had been concluding, the tertiary limestone was deposited during the Early Eocene to Middle Miocene. Carbonate formations which has been known by Tomori and Minahaki Formation. Meanwhile, their siliciclastic dominated is Matindok Formation and Celebes Mollase. These sequences formed a distinct stratigraphic style in the geophysical well log and seismic data. Four cycles are distinguished, the lower part of Tomori Formation at the outer shelf and directly overlying by the upper part of inner shelf Tomori Formation. it was superimposed by siliciclastic sediments that have been deposited in the outer litoral during regressive phase. Whereas during rising sea level or highstand, the litoral system migrated to basinward wherein Minahaki Formation was deposited. Sequence stratigraphy provides a reliable methodology for correlate both carbonate and siliciclastic successions. It was analyzed based on 4 wells, 2D, and 3D seismic data which has been available. Sequence stratigraphy analysis using T-R sequence concept by Embry and Johanessen. Trasngressive and regressive phases were obviously determined by lithofacies, coral colony and foram that were recorded on biostratigraphic analyses. In this study, cyclic sea-level change will be recognized as system tract record of mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sequence.
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Riaz, Muhammad, Shahid Ghazi, and Muhammad Waqas. "Sedimentology and Sequence Stratigraphy of the Late Permian Wargal Limestone: Implication for Reservoir Potential in the Salt Range, Pakistan." Journal Of The Geological Society Of India 100, no. 6 (June 1, 2024): 887–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/2024/173919.
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ABSTRACT The present work comprehensively highlights the Late Permian Wargal limestone exposed in the western Salt Range, Pakistan. The purpose of this study is to determine its hydrocarbon with the help of sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy. The outcrop data classified the studied formation into nine lithological units in the Nammal Gorge, Gundi, and Lakrakki Nala sections. Our sequence stratigraphic interpretation reveals that the Wargal Limestone consists of four depositional sequences. These sequences consist of regressive system tract and tansgressive system tract that developed during relative sea-level fall and rise, respectively. Based on contents of fossils, quratz grains and matrix, the studied formation can be classified into six microfacies that suggests the deposition of the carbonate facies thrived in inner to middle shelf environment. Moreover, microfacies comprises of numerous diagenetic features that support the potential of hydrocarbon content. In addition, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) data suggests that the main composition of the Wargal Limestone is calcite. Consequently, the integrated results of the sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy, and geochemical analysis provide the credible evidences of its significance in exploration industry.
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Gearon, James H., Cornel Olariu, and Ronald J. Steel. "The supply-generated sequence: A unified sequence-stratigraphic model for closed lacustrine sedimentary basins with evidence from the Green River Formation, Uinta Basin, Utah, U.S.A." Journal of Sedimentary Research 92, no. 9 (September 20, 2022): 813–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2021.096.
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Abstract Closed lakes and oceans are stratigraphically distinct systems. However, closed-lake stratigraphy is often interpreted using conventional sequence stratigraphic concepts which were generated for marine settings. As a consequence, lacustrine stratigraphy has long been vexing and applied on an ad-hoc basis. To remedy this, we present a novel, unified sequence stratigraphic model for hydrologically closed (endorheic) basins: the Supply-Generated Sequence (SGS) Model. This model was generated to interpret our outcrop-based correlation—the largest to date at ∼ 30 km—across the Sunnyside Interval member of the middle Green River Formation in Nine Mile Canyon near Price, Utah, USA. The SGS model is based on the fundamental sedimentological and hydrodynamic differences between closed lakes and marine settings wherein the relationship between water discharge and sediment discharge is highly correlated. The SGS model divides packages of genetic lacustrine strata by bounding correlative surfaces, conformable or unconformable, separating facies and surfaces associated with low clastic supply (e.g., carbonates, mudstones, or exposure surfaces) from facies characteristic of relatively higher amounts of clastic supply (subaerial channelized sandstones, subaqueous siltstones, and pedogenic mudstones). We use the SGS model to correlate regional sequences at a higher resolution than previous interpretations and find the greatest amount of clastic deposition occurs during periods of lake-level rise, indicating that the SGSs are characteristically transgressive. Additionally, this model removes the implicit and explicit base-level assumptions of previous sequence stratigraphic models while being agnostic to the source of increased sediment discharge and therefore generalizable to other closed lacustrine settings. We use the high-resolution supply-generated sequences (meters thick) to argue for a climatic origin of the cyclic Sunnyside interval deposits based on sequence durations (40–50 kyr), and aligning sequences with recognized early Eocene transitory hyperthermal event timing and their associated climatic shifts across the region, increasing riverine discharge of sediment and water.
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Hu, Guang Ming, Shun She Luo, Marjorie A. Chan, and Hong Ping Xiao. "Significance of Terrace Deposits in Fluvial Sequence Stratigraphy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 318 (May 2013): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.318.423.
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The terrace deposits in a river valley are key records to the research of fluvial sequence stratigraphy. Terrace deposits and the basal sequence boundary comprise the half-cycle of base level fall, and the fluvial infillings belong to the half-cycle of base level rise. Thus, terrace deposits and the basal sequence boundary are part of the regressive systems tract, and should be separated from the transgressive or lowstand systems tracts in previously published littoral fluvial sequence stratigraphic models. In addition, in the upstream portions of the fluvial system where sea level cannot reach, the fluvial sequence is influenced by tectonism and/or climate. The terrace deposits can provide specific information about the main controlling factor (e.g., tectonism or climate) and its varying pattern during the half-cycle of base level fall. Because the two half-cycles of base level fall and rise are at the same stratigraphic levels and belong to the same base level cycle, it is possible to research the controlling factor and its varying pattern during the rising half-cycle, which will be significant to an inland fluvial sequence stratigraphic model. Finally, the authors assert that seeking isochronous parasequence correlation based on 4-division models (4 different systems tracts), along with the blend of sedimentology and geomorphology and diversification of models based on different controlling factors will collectively produce more robust-interpretations of fluvial sequence stratigraphy in the future.
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Al-Husseini, Moujahed, and Robley K. Matthews. "Arabian Orbital Stratigraphy: Periodic Second-Order Sequence Boundaries?" GeoArabia 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 165–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia1002165.
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ABSTRACT A simplified model of orbital-forcing suggests that the Phanerozoic Eon may be represented by 38 periodic second-order depositional sequences (DS2) each lasting about 14.58 million years (my). The DS2s are separated by second-order sequence boundaries (SB2, maximum regression surface) that should be manifested as regional stratigraphic discontinuities (unconformity, disconformity, time hiatus). To test this simple model, the Arabian succession was reviewed to identify candidate regional stratigraphic discontinuities that might be periodic at 14.58 my. Of the 38 predicted SB2s, 34 regional stratigraphic discontinuities were identified within the uncertainty of biostratigraphic-radiometric age dating, or by stratigraphic position. One SB2 could not be positioned in the succession because of ambiguous biostratigraphic dating. One was predicted within a long-lasting hiatus, and another two were predicted within an undifferentiated formation. The four unidentified SB2s reflect on the limitations of the data sample, rather than on the viability of the model. Because the stratigraphic discontinuities represent age spans with bounding ages that are at best believed to have accuracies of about ± 3.0 my, the model-data correlation was considered inconclusive. The resulting analysis, however, demonstrates that the ages in million years before present (Ma) of interpreted Arabian (and possibly global) sequence stratigraphic surfaces and depositional sequences, as estimated by biostratigraphic-radiometric dating techniques, are highly inaccurate (± 5–10 my). This conclusion suggests that presently used chronostratigraphic correlations across the Arabian Platform should be treated with great caution. The correlation of model SB2s to regional stratigraphic discontinuities, affords an alternative time scale that may eventually assist in the calibration of the biostratigraphic-radiometric time scale. An orbital-forcing time scale has a decided advantage in that it comes with precise third- and fourth-order stratigraphic predictions imbedded as sea-level fluctuations. The next level of testing is whether these orbital-forcing predictions hold up to precise correlation to stratigraphy.
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Borgomano, Jean, Cyprien Lanteaume, Philippe Léonide, François Fournier, Lucien F. Montaggioni, and Jean-Pierre Masse. "Quantitative carbonate sequence stratigraphy: Insights from stratigraphic forward models." AAPG Bulletin 104, no. 5 (May 2020): 1115–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/11111917396.
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Kreager, B. Z., N. D. LaDue, T. F. Shipley, R. D. Powell, and B. A. Hampton. "Spatial skill predicts success on sequence stratigraphic interpretation." Geosphere 18, no. 2 (February 25, 2022): 750–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02428.1.
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Abstract Sequence stratigraphic interpretation and three-dimensional spatial and spatiotemporal skills are considered important for the petroleum industry. However, little is known about the relationship between the two. This study begins to fill this gap by testing whether spatial skills predict success on a sequence stratigraphic interpretation task. Students in this study (N = 78) were enrolled in undergraduate or graduate stratigraphy-focused courses at three U.S. state universities. Students completed (1) a sequence stratigraphic interpretation task with a sequence stratigraphic diagram and Wheeler diagram and (2) two spatial skills tests. Findings of simple linear regressions show that both disembedding (extracting or finding a pattern among other features, which is typically assessed by the hidden-figures test) and mental folding and unfolding (as assessed by the surface development test) are predictive of student success on the full sequence stratigraphic interpretation task. A nested regression, entering mental folding as the initial variable and disembedding as the secondary variable, showed that mental folding and unfolding accounted for almost all of the variance accounted for by disembedding in the simple regression. This may reflect the need to employ disembedding for the test of mental folding. Because the test of disembedding and the test of mental folding and unfolding were correlated, the distinct role of disembedding in stratigraphy remains unclear. However, the results clearly show that mental folding and unfolding is related to student success in sequence stratigraphic interpretation. Future studies should characterize how students utilize these skills, try to determine the causal direction of this effect, and identify good practices for supporting students in the classroom.
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Parvin, Afroza, and ASM Woobaidullah. "Incorporation of Sequence Stratigraphy in Gas Reservoir Correlation: A Case Study." Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science 45, no. 2 (December 28, 2019): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v45i2.46594.
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The application of sequence stratigraphy to resolve the miscorrelation between different genetic units in reservoir characterization in a gas field of Surma Basin is dealt with. Interpretation of available seismic and wireline logs (gamma ray, resistivity, density and neutron porosity) give the sequence stratigraphic correlation of reservoir sands. The reservoirs geometry, its extent, seal architecture and trapping styles have been revealed better with this correlation. There is juxtaposition of two reservoir sands, namely A1 and A2. A1 is located at older highstand sand, whereas A2 is in the younger lowstand sand. Lithostratigraphically they might be same but sequences stratigraphy reveals that they are different and deposited at different times. Moreover, the concept reveals that lowstand sand has better reservoir quality than any highstand and transgressive sand.
 Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 45(2): 209-216, December 2019
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Qayyum, Farrukh, Octavian Catuneanu, and Crépin Eric Bouanga. "Sequence stratigraphy of a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate setting, Scotian Shelf, Canada." Interpretation 3, no. 2 (May 1, 2015): SN21—SN37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2014-0129.1.
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During the Jurassic Period, a large-scale carbonate bank (Abenaki Formation) and a siliciclastic (Sable) delta coexisted in North America. Conventionally, carbonate systems (in situ) are separated from siliciclastic systems (transported) because of their contrasting origin. However, we developed a case study to show that the basic principles of sequence stratigraphy remain applicable. We integrated the results obtained from a regional 2D study and a detailed follow-up study using 3D seismic data of the Scotian Shelf, Canada. The results were integrated with the prepared Wheeler diagrams, and a unified sequence stratigraphic framework was proposed. We determined that two second-order sequences were developed on a larger scale during the Jurassic Period. The first sequence developed during the transition from a ramp to rimmed margin. The second sequence developed during the evolution from a rimmed to ramp margin. These sequences formed a distinct stratigraphic style throughout the Scotian Shelf. The siliciclastic supply varied from the northeast to the southwest depending on the studied site; however, the regions close to the siliciclastic supply contained well-defined clinoform patterns. The topsets of such clinoforms were mostly eroded. Their directions were also found to be different than the carbonate-related clinoform geometries. Most of the carbonates were developed; as such, they kept up and prograded toward a backreef margin during the rimming stages. The second-order sequences were further subdivided into four third-order sequences. These were studied using the 3D seismic data and were found to contain several barrier reefs that could have stratigraphic exploration potential in the Penobscot area.
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Courville, P., and P. Y. Collin. "Taphonomic sequences—A new tool for sequence stratigraphy." Geology 30, no. 6 (2002): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0511:tsantf>2.0.co;2.
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Brett, Carlton E., Patrick I. McLauglin, and Gordon C. Baird. "Eo-Ulrichian to Neo-Ulrichian views: The renaissance of "layer-cake stratigraphy"." Stratigraphy 4, no. 2-3 (2007): 201–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29041/strat.04.2.14.
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Classical notions of “layer-cake stratigraphy" have been denigrated as representing an antiquated “Neptunian" view of the geologic record with the American paleontologist-stratigrapher E.O. Ulrich vilified as its quintessential advocate. Some of the extreme “layer-cake" interpretations of E.O. Ulrich are demonstrably incorrect, especially where applied in marginal marine and terrestrial settings. However, close scrutiny of Ulrich’s work suggests that the bulk was correct and demonstrated considerable insight for the time. Subsequent development of facies concepts revolutionized geologists’ view of time-space relationships in stratigraphy, but rather than focusing on facies patterns within the established stratigraphic (layer-cake) frameworks many geologists in North America came to view strata as parts of diachronous facies mosaics. Recent advances in the development of event and sequence stratigraphic paradigms are beginning to swing the pendulum back the other way. Possible causes of “layer-cake" patterns are numerous and varied, including: (1) parallelism of depositional strike and outcrop belts, especially in foreland basins, (2) very widespread environmental belts developed in low-relief cratonic areas, (3) time-averaging homogenizes facies to a limited extent, resulting in a very subtle signature of lateral change, (4) condensed beds (hardgrounds, bone beds, ironstones, etc.) often form in responses to extrabasinal forces, thus they cross-cut facies, and (5) large events (i.e. hurricanes, floods, tsunamis, eruptions, etc.) are “over represented" in the rock record. A revised (“Neo-Ulrichian") layer-cake paradigm carries many of the original correct empirical observations of pattern, noted by Ulrich, recast in terms of event and sequence stratigraphy.
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Krayenbuehl, Thomas, Nadeem Balushi, and Stephane Gesbert. "Novel geometric classification of 3D seismic and its application to the Habshan clinoforms of Western Oman." Leading Edge 40, no. 3 (March 2021): 186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle40030186.1.
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The principles and benefits of seismic sequence stratigraphy have withstood the test of time, but the application of seismic sequence stratigraphy is still carried out mostly manually. Several tool kits have been developed to semiautomatically extract dense stacks of horizons from seismic data, but they stop short of exploiting the full potential of seismo-stratigraphic models. We introduce novel geometric seismic attributes that associate relative geologic age models with seismic geomorphological models. We propose that a relative sea level curve can be derived from the models. The approach is demonstrated on a case study from the Lower Cretaceous Kahmah Group in the northwestern part of Oman where it helps in sweet-spotting and derisking elusive stratigraphic traps.
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Catuneanu, Octavian. "Scale in sequence stratigraphy." Marine and Petroleum Geology 106 (August 2019): 128–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.04.026.
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Catuneanu, Octavian. "Model-independent sequence stratigraphy." Earth-Science Reviews 188 (January 2019): 312–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.09.017.
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Scott, R. W. "Are seismic/depositional sequences chronostratigraphic units?" Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200008248.
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Sequence Stratigraphic Analysis is claimed to be a “new globally valid system of stratigraphy … a precise methodology to subdivide, correlate and map sedimentary rocks” (Vail et al., 1991, p. 622). Sequence stratigraphic units, such as depositional sequences, depositional systems tracts, and parasequences, are time-equivalent rocks of specific durations controlled by cyclical changes in sediment supply related to eustasy. These units are bounded by regionally extensive unconformities with erosion beneath and onlapping strata above, or by physical surfaces separating either different patterns of stratal geometry or shoaling-up facies units. According to this school, precise correlations are based upon inferred time relations within depositional models.Several key concepts of sequence stratigraphy have their origins in early geological studies. For many years geologists have separated time-equivalent strata by regional unconformities related to changes in climate or sea level, e.g., J. Woodward, 1695 and T. C. Chamberline, 1909. Stratal surfaces, such as bentonites and limestone markers, have been used in place of fossils for time correlations since the first wells were drilled. Stratigraphic models have strongly influenced how we correlate strata since the time of William Smith.Two developments are, indeed, new and have sparked the current resurgence in stratigraphic research. One is the seismic technology to test the physical continuity of strata on a regional scale (50-100 km), and to test the stratal geometry of genetically related depositional packages. The second is the chart of global coastal onlap events and eustasy (Haq et al., 1988).Some key research problems are: (1) how to identify unique, time-significant stratal surfaces; (2) how to test their physical continuity; (3) how to test the time relations within depositional models; and (4) how to identify the unique, time-significant global events recorded in the stratigraphic record. These stratigraphic concepts can be tested by graphic correlation, which is a powerful technique of high precision, quantitative stratigraphy. Its application in Cretaceous sections of the Gulf Coast and Oman, and in the Plio-Pliestocene of the Gulf Coast aids the distinction between synchronous surfaces and diachronous boundaries.
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Seidov, Vaqif M., and Lala N. Khalilova. "Sequence stratıgraphıc analysıs of the Galmaz field based on well loggıng data." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 32, no. 2 (June 27, 2023): 360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112333.
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 It is known that over 90% of oil, gas and gas condensate in Azerbaijan is produced from Productive Series (PS) of the Early Pliocene. In this respect, the detailed study of Pro- ductive Series deposits and their evolution conditions has a special value. Currently in most sedimentary basins of the world the latest highly informative methods of stratigraphic analysis are applied and one of these methods is sequence-stratigraphy, which is used in this study. The application of the concept of sequence stratigraphy enables an in-depth analysis of the study area to be conducted from a geological point of view. Despite the fact that the search for oil and gas deposits in the basins of Azerbaijan Republic has been going on for many years, there is a limited understanding of the distribution of elements associated with the oil system within the sequence stratigraphic structure. This is evidenced by the small number of scientific publications that exist in this area at the moment. To study in more detail the sedimentation process of PS of the Pliocene in the Galmaz field the genetically tied facies have been outlined and correlated within the framework of chronostratigraphic boundaries. As the study targets we have chosen the stages of Absheron, Akchagyl and PS of Pliocene in the Galmaz field. New data acquired by well logging techniques were re-examined in detail. To analyze and interpret the data , NeuralogTM and PetrelTM software were applied. From positions of the sequence-stratigraphy and taking into account the curve features (gamma ray log) predictions of the sedimentation environment of PS have been made. In the study process the sequences and system tracts have been outlined and studied, the sedimentation periods of the outlined sequences have been defined. It has been suggested to apply stratigraphic surfaces for tracing changes in regression and transgression surfaces. Clay and sand fractions of rocks were evaluated with further lithological analysis. On the gamma-ray curves, the intervals with intensity values less than 3.5 mR/h were considered as reservoir layers. At the same time, the normalized value of αSP, calculated from the curve of Spontaneous Polarization, was assumed to be greater than 0.6. Based on the sequence-stratigraphy analysis of oil-field geophysical data it has been established that the geological section of the Galmaz area was developing at various rates and in frequently changing energy mode. It has been also made clear that parasequences of the Absheron stage and Productive Series were formed in progradation mode by detritus brought by river flows. Akchagyl sediments play the role of the regional major cap in the basin.