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1

Milinkovic, Marija. "Serbia and Romania: The issue of salt supply and negotiations for a trade agreement in 1906." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 188 (2023): 517–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2388517m.

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?his article examines the process of concluding a trade agreement between Serbia and Romania in 1906 when the Tariff War between Austria-Hungary and Serbia began. Memoirs of a Serbian diplomat Mihailo G. Ristic, who served as a Minister in Bucharest between 1906 and 1914, significantly contributed to our understanding of the diplomatic relations between Serbia and Romania in this period. Furthermore, documents from the State Archives of Serbia helped us gain insight into economic issues. Given the fact that since the end of the 19th century Serbia imported 25,000 tons of salt from Romania per
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2

Baljit, Singh. "World War I : Its Causes and Effects." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Transactions 4, no. 11 (2022): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7258954.

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First World War is considered as one of the largest wars in history. The world’s great powers assembled in two opposing alliances the Allies (British Empire, France and the Russian Empire) versus the Central Powers (Germany and Austria-Hungary). WWI lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Over the course of the 19th century, rival powers of Europe formed alliances. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed the Triple Alliance. Great Britain, France, and Russia formed the Triple Entente. Tensions grew between Austria-Hungary and Serbia as Serbian nationalists attempted to unite all
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Kuzmicheva, Lyudmila. "Serbia gains independence in 1878. Illusions and reality." Slavs and Russia, no. 2019 (2019): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2618-8570.2019.11.

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Serbia became an independent state after the Russo-Turkish war of 1877-1878. Relations between the Russian Empire and the Serbian Principality deteriorated on the eve of the signing of the Treaty of Berlin. This was largely due to the personal position of the Serbian Prince Milan. Serbian leadership considered it impossible to support Russia in the event of a new war. For the Russian side, the unwillingness of the Serbian side to follow Russia's recommendations was unexpected. Serbian historiography has long argued that this position of Serbia was due to the infringement of Serbian national in
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4

Lisanin, Mladen. "Regional position of Serbia in light of foreign policy relations with its “old neighbors”." Medjunarodni problemi 69, no. 4 (2017): 483–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1704483l.

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Due to turbulent circumstances and controversial heritage in regard to the breakup of ex-Yugoslavia, regional position of Serbia is, within academic as well as the wider public, most often observed in the context of its relations with the ?new? neighbors - the states that have emerged from the breakup of the former common country. This is in part because of constant tensions in the relations with ex-Yugoslav states, but also due to the political agenda of Western actors, which sets the framework for regional integration processes through the concept of ?Western Balkans?. Foreign policy relatio
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Islamov, Damir R., Bulat G. Akhmetkarimov, Yakov Y. Grishin, and Firdaus G. Vagapova. "The Russia and Turkey Factors in Hungary-Serbia Tandem’s Policies." Russia in Global Affairs 22, no. 1 (2024): 130–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31278/1810-6374-2024-22-1-130-150.

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Hungary and Serbia’s relations with other countries are based on the “partnership of necessity” concept. Initially, these countries drew closer together in search of ways to resolve the common problem of illegal migration, but gradually they deepened their cooperation. Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine gave a new impetus to the intensification of relations between Hungary and Serbia as both states were unwilling to fully share the EU’s sanctions policy towards Russia. Serbia tried to maneuver while Hungary struggled to get exemptions for itself from EU sanctions regulations. Also,
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6

Pinter, Atila. "Development and main directions of Hungary's foreign policy since 1990." Napredak 1, no. 3 (2020): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/napredak1-29798.

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This paper explores the three key priorities of Hungarian foreign policy after 1990: Euro-Atlantic integration, regional relations and relations with Hungarians living outside the borders of what is today Hungary. Also presented is a brief overview of recent events in Hungarian-Serbian relations. The paper describes the effects achieved, their political rationale and gives an assessment of the results achieved. The study concludes that Hungary was quickly and successfully integrated within the Euro-Atlantic alliance (NATO, EU), in the process developing new mechanisms for helping Hungarians li
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7

Bojčić, Miloš. "Serbia and Venice during the reign of Stefan Dušan." KSIO 7, no. 2024 (2025): 35–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15103153.

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This paper examines the relationship between Serbia and the Republic of Venice during the reign of King and Emperor Stefan Dušan. One of its aims is to highlight the distinct characteristics of Serbian-Venetian relations during this period, compared to earlier times, and to explore the reasons behind the Serbian ruler’s efforts to elevate these relations to a higher level. To provide context, the introduction offers a brief overview of the ties between the Nemanjić dynasty and Venice. The study is structured geographically, focusing on the states that fell within the spheres of in
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8

Kalic, Jovanka. "Grand Zupan Uros II of Rascia." Balcanica, no. 47 (2016): 75–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1647075k.

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Historical data on the person and policies of the ?veliki [grand] zupan? Uros II - archzupan in Byzantine sources, magnus comes in Latin texts - can be found in twelfth-century Serbian, Greek, Hungarian, German and Russian sources. The paper is divided into three sections dealing specifically with Uros II?s family relations (ancestors and descendants); chronological issues of his reign in Serbia; and his domestic and foreign policies. Uros II?s father, the Serbian zupan Uros I, had three sons and a daughter: Uros II, Desa, Belos and Helen (Jelena). Uros II succeeded his father as the ruler of
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9

Zarković, Vesna. "Diplomatic activities and meetings between Petar I Karadjordjević and Nikolai II Romanov on the eve of the Balkan wars." Zbornik radova Filozofskog fakulteta u Pristini 51, no. 4 (2021): 235–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrffp51-35362.

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The May coup and the change of dynasties in the Kingdom of Serbia brought the state into an unenviable position. The aggressive Austro-Hungarian policy, which endangered Serbian interests, came to the fore. The annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the mood that was present in the diplomatic circles of Austria-Hungary forced the Kingdom of Serbia to become active in the foreign policy field and get closer to Russia. Although there was a need and initiative of politicians in Serbia to organize a meeting between King Petar I Karadjordjević and Russian Tsar Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov, th
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10

Schmidt, Andrea. "Wedged between East and West - The chances of an interest-based Hungarian foreign policy and the war in Ukraine." UNISCI Journal 22, no. 66 (2024): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31439/unisci-213.

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Hungarian foreign policy has been in the international spotlight, raising doubts about its direction. The purpose of this article is to highlight the contradictions between an interest-based and a value-based foreign policy. A theoretical introduction is followed by a brief analysis of the elements of a pragmatic foreign policy. At the same time, the second part of the paper presents a short case study from the Western Balkans. The Hungarian position on two countries, Kosovo and Serbia, will be analysed, not forgetting that these two countries are examples of the changes that have taken place
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11

Paic, Róbert, Gyöngyvér Prisztóka, and Attila Kajos. "Factors of success. Attitude differences of one Hungarian and one Serbian team’s youth handball players." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 7, no. 1 (2013): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2013/1/19.

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Results of the Hungarian and the Serbian handball teams are similar on the international level (IHF rankings: Serbia 4. Hungary 5. IHF-10.03.2012.), however the general supposition is that the Serbian handball players are more successful and more acknowledged. This is confirmed by numerous Serbian internationals that play at high level in Hungary and other European countries and the results of the youth national teams. In this article we were searching for the influential factors behind the success of the Serbian team. While there are no considerable differences in physical performance and ant
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12

Zarković, Vesna. "Visit of King Peter I Karađorđević to Constantinople in 1910." Zbornik radova Filozofskog fakulteta u Pristini 53, no. 1 (2023): 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrffp53-41161.

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The visit of King Petar I Karađorđević to the Turkish sultan is one of the eight visits in modern Serbian history. Seven meetings of Serbian rulers with sultans took place in Constantinople, except for one that took place in Bulgaria. In the visits made before 1878, the Serbian rulers went as vassals. The meeting between the Serbian king and Sultan Mehmed V Rešad in 1910 was the third in a row since Serbia became an independent state. King Petar I Karađorđević spent the second half of March and the first half of April 1910 travelling. First, he visited Russia, then Constantinople, Mount Athos,
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13

Ailianos, Costis J. "The Balkan Conundrum and Relations between Austria-Hungary and Greece, 1912–1914." Südost-Forschungen 73, no. 1 (2014): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sofo-2014-0103.

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Abstract Relations between Greece and Austria-Hungary had never been particularly cordial, despite some brief periods of a certain rapprochement, and Vienna displayed a total lack of consideration for the interests of Athens also during the Balkan Wars. Greek ‘dreams’ were only marginally ‘tangent’ to Vienna’s interests and the Ballhausplatz did not envisage any point of convergence of their political goals. The cooperation, let alone the alliance, between Greece and Serbia proved to be a thorn in the Greco-Austrian relations. All issues of Greek interest met with Vienna’s strong opposition: t
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14

Ailianos, Costis J. "The Balkan Conundrum and Relations between Austria-Hungary and Greece, 1912–1914." Südost-Forschungen 73, no. 1 (2014): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sofo-2016-0103.

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AbstractRelations between Greece and Austria-Hungary had never been particularly cordial, despite some brief periods of a certain rapprochement, and Vienna displayed a total lack of consideration for the interests of Athens also during the Balkan Wars. Greek ‘dreams’ were only marginally ‘tangent’ to Vienna’s interests and the Ballhausplatz did not envisage any point of convergence of their political goals. The cooperation, let alone the alliance, between Greece and Serbia proved to be a thorn in the Greco-Austrian relations. All issues of Greek interest met with Vienna’s strong opposition: th
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15

Leff, Carol Skalnik, and Oana I. Armeanu. "Ethnic Politics of the Hungarian Minorities in Slovakia, Romania, and Serbia in 2015." European Yearbook of Minority Issues Online 14, no. 1 (2017): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116117_01401012.

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In the post-communist period, the driving forces behind minority rights protection have been international—the incentives surrounding membership in the European Union and relations with Hungary—and domestic—the minority’s capacity to gain representation, and therefore leverage, in the political system. In this analysis of the current state of minority affairs, we focus largely on the domestic context—the politics of Hungarian minority representation in Romania, Slovakia, and Serbia—and the ramifications of relations with Hungary. In this overview, we will contextualize the key strategic situat
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16

Nikityuk, Vladimir Aleksandrovich. "The role of Serbia's allies on the path to independence (1870s – 1880s)." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 6 (June 2024): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2024.6.72341.

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In this article, the author examines the national liberation struggle of Serbia within the framework of the Eastern Question, as well as the role of the European powers and the Russian Empire in these events. Not only military conflicts are analyzed, but also diplomatic relations between the parties. The subject of the study is the national liberation struggle of Serbia in the 1870s - 1880s. The object of the study is the role of Serbia's allies (Montenegro, the Russian Empire, the Austro–Hungarian Empire) in the resistance of the Serbs to the Ottoman Empire. Special attention is paid to the r
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17

Galovic, Vladislava, Miroslav Markovic, Predrag Pap, et al. "Molecular taxonomy and phylogenetics of Daedaleopsis confragosa (Bolt.: Fr.) J. Schröt. From wild cherry in Serbia." Genetika 50, no. 2 (2018): 519–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1802519g.

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Daedaleopsis spp., a lignicolous fungus causes of white rot on wild cherry and other broadleaved species and makes economic losses in Serbian forestry. The paper presents results of two morphologically distinct fungi Daedaleopsis confragosa and Daedaleopsis tricolor isolated from native populations of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) found in the sites of Protected Forests of Serbia. Morphological appearance of D. tricolor was found more abundant in comparison to D. confragosa species. Samples from Serbia were analysed using morphometric and molecular tools and compared with isolates from United
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18

Hász-Fehér, Katalin. "The “Giant Role Model”: the “Serbian” Petőfi." Hungarian Studies Yearbook 5, no. 1 (2023): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hsy-2023-0009.

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Abstract The reception of Sándor Petőfi’s poems and the critical discourse on them in German by bilingual German poets and publicists in Hungary began during the poet’s lifetime and ran parallel to the development of his career. In the same period, however, from the mid-1840s, a very intense interest in his person and his poetry, which was even deeper and more diverse than in German, was awakened in southern Slavic, especially Serbian, literature. This paper explores the possible reasons for his integration in Serbian poetry and public poetry. Among the most important factors is the fact that
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19

VASIN, GORAN. "FROM RENAISSANCE TO A PRECIPICE OVER THE ACHE PATRIARCH LUKIJAN BOGDANOVIĆ." ISTRAŽIVANJA, Јournal of Historical Researches, no. 33 (December 22, 2022): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.19090/i.2022.33.107-117.

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Patriarch Lukijan Bogdanović was the last head of the Patriarchate of Karlovci, which had existed for two centuries, first as a metropolitanate and later a patriarchate. He was elected Bishop of Buda when he was very young, and he proved to be a highly capable at running the diocese/bishopric. From 1908 on, as a young patriarch, he faced unresolvable difficulties and issues related to religious and educational autonomy, the Patriarchate itself, and relations between Austria- Hungary and Serbia. Attacked, defamed, and misunderstood by the Serbian public, he soon began falling victim to poor hea
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20

Miroslav, Kmeť. "Česko-slovenské reflexie v prostredí národnostných škôl slovenských komunít na tzv. Dolnej zemi." Česko-slovenská historická ročenka 25, no. 1 (2023): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cshr.2023.25.1.3.

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The paper discusses Czech-Slovak relations, as reflected in the history of Slovak communities in Hungary, Romania, Serbia and Bulgaria, commonly known as Dolná zem [Lower Land] Slovaks. They lived in distinct linguistic and ethno-cultural enclaves in close proximity to linguistically different populations. They were mostly members of the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession and thus culturally linked to the Czech language. In each of the above countries, there was a varying degree of contact between Slovak and Czech minority communities. The second part of the paper focuses on the Cze
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21

Đogo, Marko, Dragan Gligorić, and Marianne Berecz. "Trade relations between Hungary and Bosnia and Herzegovina: The evidence from the gravity model." Ekonomski horizonti 26, no. 2 (2024): 183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekonhor2402183d.

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With its nominal GDP USD 177.3 billion in 2022, the Hungarian economy is roughly equivalent to the economies of Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia, combined. Yet, these three countries are among the five most important Bosnia and Herzegovina's (B&H) trading partners in exports and imports, while Hungary only ranks eighth among B&H's most significant trading partners. By applying the gravity model, it was found that the basic gravity model (which takes into account only the size of the economy and the distance) is insufficient to explain the volume of trade between Bosnia and Herzegovina and
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22

Wróbel, Piotr. "Serbia and Hungary in Theodore Spandounes’s Work On the Origin of the Ottoman Emperors." Prace Historyczne 148, no. 4 (2021): 661–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20844069ph.21.043.14019.

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Theodore Spandounes was born in the middle of the 15th century to a family of the Greek exiles who had found shelter in Italy after the fall of Constantinople. The Spandounes family had not played any significant role in the history of the Byzantine Empire but his mother Eudotia came from the famous Kantakouzenos family. Members of the Kantakouzenos family played an important political role in Serbia until its annexation by the Ottoman Empire in 1459. Theodore established close relations with popes Clement VII and Paul III, who he advised on the Ottoman affairs. Probably around 1515, Spandoune
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23

Šehović, Emir, Martin Zieger, Lemana Spahić, Damir Marjanović, and Serkan Dogan. "A glance of genetic relations in the Balkan populations utilizing network analysis based on in silico assigned Y-DNA haplogroups." Anthropological Review 81, no. 3 (2018): 252–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2018-0021.

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Abstract The aim of this study is to provide an insight into Balkan populations’ genetic relations utilizing in silico analysis of Y-STR haplotypes and performing haplogroup predictions together with network analysis of the same haplotypes for visualization of the relations between chosen haplotypes and Balkan populations in general. The population dataset used in this study was obtained using 23, 17, 12, 9 and 7 Y-STR loci for 13 populations. The 13 populations include: Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), Croatia, Macedonia, Slovenia, Greece, Romany (Hungary), Hungary, Serbia, Montenegro, Alban
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24

Piperski, Nikola. "Importance of Dynastic and Political Ties for Cross–cultural Connections of Nemanide Serbia with the Mediterranean World and Central Europe around the First Fall of Constantinople, and its Reflections on Visual Culture of Nemanide Serbia." Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana 31, no. 1 (2022): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2022.103.

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The aim of this text is to draw attention to importance of dynastic ties of the members of Serbian Nemanide dynasty with the Byzantine, Venetian and Hungarian ruling dynasties to cross-cultural connection between medieval Serbia and The Balkans with Mediterranean and Central Europe, and its reflection on visual culture. Special attention will be focused on the period around the first fall of Constantinople, which directly affected on political and dynastic relations of the Nemanide with the ruling and noble families of Byzantium, Hungary and Venice. A unique phenomenon in the visual culture of
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25

DÉVAVÁRI, ZOLTÁN. "HUNGARIAN DIPLOMACY AND THE DISINTEGRATION OF YUGOSLAVIA 1990–1991." ISTRAŽIVANJA, Јournal of Historical Researches, no. 33 (December 22, 2022): 174–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.19090/i.2022.33.174-190.

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This study aims to explore Hungarian–Yugoslav diplomatic relations in the first phase of the disintegration of the second Yugoslav state through relevant documents from the Hungarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and accounts from the contemporary Hungarian press. The study mainly focuses on relations between the Hungarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Except for Serbia, diplomatic relations between Hungary and the other Yugoslav republics were not taken into consideration due to length constraints. The study also
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26

Sadri, Ramabaja. "AUTHORITARIAN LOGIC AND HYBRID WARFARE: UNDERSTANDING SERBIA'S APPROACH TO KOSOVA." Deutsche internationale Zeitschrift für zeitgenössische Wissenschaft 52 (March 17, 2023): 90–95. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7747285.

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This paper examines the impact of authoritarianism on the dynamics of hybrid warfare in the context of Serbia’s policy towards Kosova. Using a research approach that draws on this theme, the paper explores how the logic of authoritarianism undermines the foundations of the liberal order, as evidenced by the political reality of countries like Hungary. In addition, traditional authoritarian states like Serbia have embraced hybrid warfare as a continuation of special warfare against neighboring states, leading to new elements of hybrid warfare that pose a major threat to Kosova. The primar
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27

Derzhaliuk, M. "Results of Parliamentary Elections in Hungary on April 3, 2022 and Prospects of Ukrainian-Hungarian Relations (Part 1)." Problems of World History, no. 18 (November 8, 2022): 144–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2022-18-7.

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The article is dedicated to the elections to the State Assembly of Hungary on April 3, 2022, which ended with the victory and acquisition of a constitutional majority by the now ruling coalition of Fidesz-Hungarian Civil Union and the Christian Democratic People’s Party (KDNP) - (Fidesz–KDNP).
 It analyzes its electoral platform “War or Peace”, the center of which was the attitude to the Russian-Ukrainian war. It is indicated that this war divided the political forces of Hungary into two camps – supporters of neutrality (peace) or supporters of Ukraine (war). The ruling coalition advocate
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Derzhaliuk, M. "Results of Parliamentary Elections in Hungary on April 3, 2022 and Prospects of Ukrainian-Hungarian Relations (Part 2)." Problems of World History, no. 19 (October 27, 2022): 143–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/10.46869/2707-6776-2022-19-9.

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The article is dedicated to the elections to the State Assembly of Hungary on April 3, 2022, which ended with the victory and acquisition of a constitutional majority by the now ruling coalition of Fidesz-Hungarian Civil Union and the Christian Democratic People’s Party (KDNP) - (Fidesz–KDNP).
 It analyzes its electoral platform “War or Peace”, the center of which was the attitude to the Russian-Ukrainian war. It is indicated that this war divided the political forces of Hungary into two camps – supporters of neutrality (peace) or supporters of Ukraine (war). The ruling coalition advocate
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29

Bandžović, Safet. "Rusija i aneksiona kriza (1908-1909)." Historijski pogledi 7, no. 12 (2024): 19–59. https://doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2024.7.12.19.

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The Balkans remained a nerve-racked space of opposing interests among great powers even after the Berlin Congress of 1878. The behind-the-scenes negotiations and agreements, along with the events that accompanied them and their broader context, have continued to be a lasting and challenging subject of scholarly attention and multiperspective interpretation, considering the extensive historiographical output on the topic. All the “tailors” of the European world knew then that “without a presence in the Balkans, the status of a great European power cannot be maintained” (Čedomir Popov); it is he
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Kabaš, Eva, Jelica Novaković, Predrag Lazarević, Snežana Vukojičić, Vera Stanković, and Dmitar Lakušić. "Morphological Diversification of the “Dasyphyllous” Stipa Species (Poaceae) from the Balkan Peninsula, with a Description of a New Species, S. stevanoviciorum." Plants 14, no. 7 (2025): 1035. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14071035.

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The interspecific relations that have been previously observed within the Stipa dasyphylla group are intricate and require further clarification. The aim of this study was to determine whether the specimens from Serbia deserve a separate taxonomic status. Various “dasyphyllous” Stipa species (those with hairy adaxial leaves) from the Balkan Peninsula were collected and analysed using morphological methods and microscopic observations of the macro- and micro-ornamentation of their leaves and lemmas. Based on analyses of 160 individuals from 17 populations belonging to three “dasyphyllous” Stipa
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31

Esaulov, Serhii. "Foreign Policy of Hungary Towards Ukraine or “European Menu à la Carte”." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XIX (2018): 603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2018-35.

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The author raises the issue of settling conflicts around the world and discusses modern attempts to establish law and order. Particular attention is paid to the intricate relations between Hungary and Ukraine. With Russia’s aggression against Ukraine there was ruined a system of international relations, which provided for the rule of law, the right to settle disputes without applying military tools, force or threats. Russia initiated a new precedent of impunity, insolent violation of the fundamental norms of international law, and demonstrated the world how the borders may be redrawn as one se
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Nikolic, Maja. "The Serbian state in the work of Byzantine historian Doucas." Zbornik radova Vizantoloskog instituta, no. 44 (2007): 481–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zrvi0744481n.

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While the first two chapters of Doucas's historical work present a meagre outline of world history - a sketch which becomes a little more detailed from 1261 on, when the narration reaches the history of the Turks and their conquests in Asia Minor - the third chapter deals with the well-known battle of Kosovo, which took place in 1389. From that point on, the Byzantine historian gives much important information on Serbia, as well as on the Ottoman advances in the Balkans, and thus embarks upon his central theme - the rise of the Turks and the decline of Byzantium. Doucas considers the battle of
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Šabotić, Sait Š. "Utjecaj austro-ugarskih planova o izgradnji Sandžačke željeznice na Bihor i Novopazarski sandžak." Historijski pogledi 6, no. 10 (2023): 72–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2023.6.10.72.

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The emergence of railways brought about new possibilities in people's lives, as well as in terms of political plans and actions. Railway activities began in the Balkans in the second half of the 19th century and had a significant impact on the relationships between Balkan states. This work explores the potential influence of Austro-Hungarian plans for the construction of the Sandjak Railway in the region of Bihor and the broader areas of Bijelo Polje and the Novi Pazar Sandjak, which were part of the Ottoman Empire. Austro-Hungary had expressed its ambitions in the Balkans even before the Berl
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Rudi, Fabrizio. "L’UNIFICATION ITALIENNE ET LA PRINCIPAUTÉ DE SERBIE (1859-1862) D’après des documents inédits ИТАЛИЈАНСКО УЈЕДИЊЕЊЕ И КНЕЖЕВИНА СРБИЈA (1859-1862) ИЗ НЕОБЈАВЉЕНИХ ДОКУМЕНАТА". Историјски часопис, № 69/2020 (30 грудня 2020): 303–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34298/ic2069303r.

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Cet article propose une nouvelle description des relations diplomatiques entre le Royaume de Sardaigne – le Royaume d’Italie depuis 1861 – et la principauté de Serbie pendant une période de l’histoire européenne particulièrement délicate en ce qui concerne l’équilibre des Puissances dans l’Europe centrale et danubienne, au temps où la diplomatie de la France de Napoléon III dominait l’Europe. La première partie du travail, qui traite de l’action des consuls sardes à Belgrade de l’armistice de Villafranca jusqu’à la mort du prince Miloš Obrenović, qui est retourné sur le trône après la destitut
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Magaš, Damir. "Kraj hegemonije i dominacije u Jugoistočnoj Europi." Geoadria 9, no. 2 (2017): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.135.

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At the end of the 20th century the SE European region was surviving one of the most difficult periods of changing hegemony and dominance circumstances. The disintegration of the communist world and the collapse of former Yugoslavia, as part of the process, could be considered as the result of the new relations among big powers’ hegemonic systems. The NATO spreads to the European east (Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland etc.), which has direct influence on SE Europe. After new countries (Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia) had been internationally recognised in 1992, and the loya
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Berber, Nemanja, Michael J. Morley, József Poór, Agneš Slavić, and Dimitrije Gašić. "Effects of Institutional and Organizational Factors on the Changing Contours of Industrial Relations in Central and Eastern Europe." Journal of East European Management Studies 29, no. 1 (2024): 71–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2024-1-71.

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Since the early 1990s, the industrial relations systems in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe have been undergoing complex transformation processes. As the business environment has radically altered from a centrally planned system to an open competitive one, trade unions in the region have struggled to carve out a role in the new order. We draw upon organizational survey level evidence gathered from 1604 HR managers to examine trade union recognition, trade union coverage, as well as the perceived ongoing influence of the trade union movement in Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, L
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Naumov, Nikolay. "The Struggle for the Anjou Legacy and Sigismund’s of Luxemburg Role in the History of the Hungarian Royal Title." ISTORIYA 15, no. 8 (142) (2024): 0. https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840031682-9.

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The formation and realisation of the territorial claims posed by the kings of Hungary had a nonlinear character. The role that was played in this process by the foreign policy of King Sigismund (1387—1437) is discussed in the paper. The royal title these claims were expressed with is “the king of Hungary, Dalmatia, Croatia, Bosnia, Galicia, Lodomeria, Cumania and Bulgaria”. This title had been composed already during the reign of the local Árpád dynasty in the 13th century. However, this imagined realm was made real only by the military campaigns that were led by Sigismund’s predecessor — Loui
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Stojnic, Srdjan, Sasa Orlovic, Andrej Pilipovic, Dragica Vilotic, Mirjana Sijacic-Nikolic, and Danijela Miljkovic. "Variation in leaf physiology among three provenances of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in provenance trial in Serbia." Genetika 44, no. 2 (2012): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1202341s.

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The paper presents the results of investigation of variability of net photosynthesis (A), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (gs) and water use efficiency (WUE) of three European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances in the provenance trial established on Fruska Gora Mt. Provenances originate from three localities along a gradient from the north to the south of Europe: Pfalzgrafenweiler (Germany), Grenchen (Swiss) and Valkonya (Hungary). Results indicate that observed parameters were influenced both by environmental conditions of sites and genetic constitution of provenances. On the basi
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Alarid, Walid, and Abd Alrhman ALjadaan. "Sultan Murad II's Policy towards Italy and the Balkans (1421-1451 AD)." Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences 50, no. 3 (2023): 307–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/hum.v50i3.5414.

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Objectives: The study aims to study a crucial period in Ottoman history in the Balkans prior to the conquest of Constantinople, along with the foreign relations with Italy. The alliance between the Balkans and the Italian Republic posed a significant threat to the Ottoman Empire and presented a major obstacle to the conquest of Constantinople. The study comprises four main areas of focus such as a brief biography of Sultan Murad II, relations with the Italian Republic, the Union of Hungary and Serbia, and open Arnaut (Albania).
 Methods: The study adopts a critical historical narrative an
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Cantat, Céline. "Refugee Solidarity Along the Balkan Route." Journal of Refugee Studies 34, no. 2 (2021): 1348–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feab010.

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Abstract In 2015, the mass mobilities of refugees, many from Syria, towards Western Europe, were presented as a crisis threatening the integrity of nation-states. Whilst governments along the so-called ‘Balkan route’ increasingly responded with exclusionary measures, large-scale solidarity movements emerged and played a key role in assisting refugees in their journeys and settlement. All along the route, activists and volunteers (sometimes in loose collaboration with official relief organizations) established solidarity communities that tasked themselves with assisting people on the move. Thei
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Balvín, Ondřej, Tomáš Bartonička, Nikolay Simov, Milan Paunović, and Jitka Vilímová. "Distribution and host relations of species of the genus Cimex on bats in Europe." Folia Zoologica 63, no. 4 (2014): 281–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14822242.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The species of the genus Cimex (Heteroptera: Cimicidae) are important ectoparasites of European bats. Unlike other ectoparasites, they are attached to the body of their host only when they need to feed, otherwise they stay in refugia in bat roosts. Consequently, they are often overlooked by bat specialists and in many countries they are either unknown or poorly characterized. This study reports results from thorough investigations of bat roosts of diverse bat species in a Northwest-Southeast transect across Europe: Czech and Slovak Republics,
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Tholen, Jochen. "Trade unions in CEE and SEE." socio.hu 9, Special Issue (2020): 28–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18030/socio.hu.2019en.28.

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This article focuses on trade unions as important stakeholders in the system of labour relations in the countries of Central East and Southeast Europe, namely Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Croatia, Serbia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia – now North Macedonia, Albania and Kosovo.Our hypothesis is that the development of trade unions in these regions, with their traditional company-centred organisation (syndicalism), is embedded in a discrete Central Eastern and South Eastern European type of neo-liberal economy. The cleavage of the EU in the East and West goes
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Aydin, Ulviyye. "The Syrian Refugee Crisis: New Negotiation Chapter In European Union-Turkey Relations." Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 19, no. 2 (2016): 102–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2016.19.2.102.

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Syria is one of the countries where a revolution wave named Arab Spring uprose in early 2011. The most radical discourse from Arab Spring into the still ongoing civil wars took place in Syria as early as the second half of 2011. At the beginning it was a civil protest against Assad’s government. Nobody could not estimate the future developments in Syria. The cost of the war in Syria increases every day. More than 250,000 Syrians have lost their lives in four-and-a-half years of armed conflict, which began with anti-government protests before escalating into a full-scale civil war. More than 11
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Ágh, Attila. "Processes of democratization in the East Central European and Balkan states: sovereignty-related conflicts in the context of Europeanization." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 32, no. 3 (1999): 263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(99)00012-4.

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This paper discusses the Central and East European democratic transitions as parts of the global democratization process, including their both external and domestic aspects. The analysis covers six East Central European (ECE) and six Balkan states. It provides a systematic overview of these twelve states with a classification of their external and internal developments. The paper classifies these states according to the three stages of systemic change and according to their EU (association and accession) and NATO (PfP and membership) relationships. In the New World Order, the sovereignty-relat
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Paananen, Maiju, Vera G. Centeno, Salla Fjällström, et al. "Imaginaries of ECEC: A comparison of policies of access in early childhood education in Brazil, Finland, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, Nepal, and Serbia." Journal of Early Childhood Education Research 12, no. 3 (2023): 145–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.58955/jecer.122962.

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Increasing access to ECEC has been on the agendas of international organizations and many countries in different parts of the world. Despite the clear global interconnectivity, this article shows that contextual factors are essential to understand educational policy developments. The study examines reforms related to policies of access to ECEC in seven countries. Brazil, Finland, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, Nepal, and Serbia. We show how access policies plug into the understanding of the role of ECEC as producing future citizens. Even though the main idea of ECEC’s role in developing future citi
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Šenkár, Patrik. "Lowland Slovak youth literature and its interpretational and educational aspects (within and outside the school)." Journal of Language and Cultural Education 7, no. 3 (2019): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jolace-2019-0023.

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Abstract An integral part of the Slovak cultural context is also Lowland Slovak literature, which includes certain areas of Hungary, Romania and Serbia. The paper outlines the partial development of Slovak youth literature in these regions. It gradually characterizes the most important aspects of diachrony of this segment of writing (in a certain chronotope that is bound to selected prototexts). Based on objective-subjective interpretations of three emblematic works of this context, it highlights - as a certain typology - not only the general / universal, but also the specific / particular (th
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Gries, Peter, and Richard Turcsányi. "The East Is Red…Again! How the Specters of Communism and Russia Shape Central and Eastern European Views of China." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 55, no. 1 (2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/j.postcomstud.2022.55.1.1.

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During the past decade, China has rapidly emerged as a major player in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Will it divide Europe? Might these formerly communist countries align themselves again with a communist superpower to their east? Or does their past experience of Russia and communism generate suspicions of China? This article explores what public opinion data from a fall 2020 survey of six CEE countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Serbia, and Slovakia) can teach us about the drivers of CEE attitudes toward China. It suggests that China has become a “second Eastern power”
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Dobos, Balázs. "The Elections to Nonterritorial Autonomies of Central and South Eastern Europe." Nationalities Papers 48, no. 2 (2019): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nps.2019.1.

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AbstractIn managing ethno-cultural diversity, several countries in Central and Eastern Europe refer to the notion of nonterritorial/cultural autonomy in their legislation and policies, and in some of them, namely Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, Serbia, and Slovenia, registered minority voters are granted the right to create their own representational, consultative, or decision-making bodies by direct or indirect elections. While a growing body of literature has examined the functioning of these elected minority councils/self-governments at various levels, numerous features of their elections have n
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Gruzdeva, Ekaterina, Jonathan Banks, Anna Busheva, et al. "Dynamics of Urban Multilingualism: The Case of Timișoara-Temesvár." Helsinki Romanian Studies Journal, no. 2 (June 30, 2025): 18–36. https://doi.org/10.31885/her.1.2.010.

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This paper offers an empirical case study of the current sociolinguistic situation of ethnic minorities in and around Timișoara, the capital of the historical Banat region in modern Romania, located at the intersection of Hungary and Serbia. The study is based on data and material collected in March 2023 from representatives of the Hungarian, German, Serbian, and Slovak minorities in both Timișoara city and nearby rural areas, with a particular focus on young speakers. These communities have experienced significant demographic decline due to emigration and assimilation, leading to a decrease i
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Zivkovic, Tibor. "Dioclea between Rascia and Byzantium in the first half of the twelfth century." Zbornik radova Vizantoloskog instituta, no. 43 (2006): 451–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zrvi0643451z.

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The conflict between Rascia and Dioclea began in the reign of King Bodin of Dioclea (1081-1099) and it was brought to an end during the rule of Stephen Nemanja, Grand Zhupan of Serbia about 1185. The historical sources, primarily the Chronicle of the Priest of Dioclea, give no indication of the causes of this conflict, nor do they explain why Byzantium found it necessary to intervene from time to time in Dioclea or Rascia. Although the family relations of the Rasican and Dioclean dynasties frequently provoked one state to interfere into the internal affairs of the other, they were certainly no
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