Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sérère (peuple d'Afrique) – Sénégal'
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Cissé, Abdoul Wahab. "Itinéraires migratoires et enjeux identitaires : étude de cas de la migration Sereer dans les Îles du Saloum (Sénégal)." Bordeaux 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR40045.
Full textNdiaye, Mame Birame. "Représentations socio-économiques et culturelles des migrants seereer à Dakar et création de l'association Ndef Leng : Analyse sociologique et perspectives de développement." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070006.
Full textSeereer traditional society is a peasant society based on subsistence farming. For a long time its main activity was millet, sorghum and corn farming, together with extensive livestock farming. Agricultural surpluses were made possible thanks to soil fertility and abundance of rain. Since the 1930's this society experienced profound social, economic and cultural mutations. First, through the introduction of cash crop peanut farming, then through the displacement of population policy from densely populated areas to less populated ones, and finally through the colonial legacy of independent Senegal. The progressive exhaustion of soils due to overexploitation combined with population pressure led to difficult access to land. The capital city of Senegal, Dakar, thus turned into the final destination of this population at risk. Despite harsh living conditions, leading to the creation of the federation of Seereer NGO's in Dakar, "Ndef Leng", which aims also at promoting the culture and endangered language of the Seereer, migration flows, involving all age groups, have not been stemmed
Diop-Ben-Geloune, Aminata. "Du Ndëp, un spoupçon de JE : approche clinique et psychanalytique d'un rituel thérapeutique au Sénégal, le Nde͏̈p." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR21019.
Full textLeebu, Serer and Wolof share some convergent customs and institutions. When a personality belonging to their ethnicities suffers of disorder of which etiology is referred to pangol-rab (invisibles creatures) occupying bodily and psychical space, NDEP is asked and practiced. What sort of problematic does it reveal? What efficiency does appear on it? Acknowledged as a collective therapy, doesn't it show in an individual and psychical dimension? In order to find answers to these questions, we have betaken ourself to Senegal to verify this hypothesis : the structuring process is accompanied with an anguish all the more as deep that culture prepares human to a form of being. Pulled about desire and reality, he unfolds codifiable symptoms amid his culture which settles a battery of therapies. Among those, Senegalese culture proposes one which refers to an analytical dimension and in the course of which the drawing up in language of what has been printed inside the subject brings him towards an anguish resolution and an inscription into the symbolic order which pre-exists towards him. This treaty argues a triple approach : - anthropological : conception of the human being, representation of disorder,- psychological : codification of madness, analysis of the situations, -psychoanalytical : real frame, imaginary and symbolic, so concepts such as signifying, phantasm, dream, body, myth, language, transfer. . . In a word, the intimate story of the subject, are asked through the underlying dynamic of dance, handling, watch songs but in the relation ndepe-ndepkat, too. This frame staying as a holder, the subject allows himself to untie his story and express his desire close to the ndepkat empowered to hear him. The accompaniment aims at the dislodgement of the rab towards the ancestral altar and the registration of the subject in his fathers' symbolic order
Sene, Diegane. "Evolution et limites de la christianisation en pays Sérère : 1880-1995." Lyon 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO31007.
Full textFaye, Sylvain. "Le paludisme infantile chez les seereer du Sénégal : évolution des savoirs et pratiques thérapeutiques dans un contexte migratoire." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21194.
Full textThis study (thesis) analyzes the conditions of knowledge change and therapeutic behaviors related to infantile malaria, in a context of biomedical diffusion (campaigns and sensibilization or public education). We considered urban migration which is generally perceived as a favorable context. This research focuses on a seereer siin population in Niakhar, a Mbour migratory community (Senegal). It is based on qualitative surveys (interviews, direct observations, life experiences) carried out on the residents and within community health care structures at both the rural and urban areas. Malaria, which is locally refered to as sumaan ndiig, is an ordinary disease which is not the subject of elaborate representations provided by the tradition. This specificity accounts for the possible and various reinterpretations of its etiology. Consequently, the cultural representations thus do not constitute barriers to its integration to the biomedical, in this process of construction. If urban areas offer a favorable context to its diffusion, the availability of an innovative biomedical knowledge is not enough to influence the evolution of such practices. Behavioural change aimed at improving the resort to biomedical care also depends on the socio-economic situation, contextual characteristics and the provision of heath care facilities that are at the disposition of migrants
Guigou, Brigitte. "Les Changements du système familial et matrimonial : les Sérères du Siné (Sénégal)." Paris, EHESS, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EHES0014.
Full textLombard, Jérôme. "Problèmes alimentaires et stratégies de survie dans le Sahel sénégalais : les paysans Serer." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100028.
Full textThe Serer of Senegal experienced a number of poor harvests between 1983 and 1985. The carry-over periods were often prolonged and sometimes lasted up to six months. The serer responded by establishing a strict and careful management of their resources. They were able to carry-over the reserves that had been already foreseen during the hivernage. At the same time they had to rely greatly on their savings in order to cover their living expenses. These savings were made possible thanks to a variety of activities in the village, to the agility of solidarity within the serer family structure, and finally to employment in the cities during the dry season. From now on, self-sufficiency in grain production will be guaranteed as much by the harvest as by purchase of imported goods, grants, and foreign aid. The response to the food shortage is no longer solely a local affair, but is interrelated to all the conditions of the society (migration, family network. )
Diagne, Abdoulaye. "Les mutations agraires et la gestion des ressources naturelles dans le centre-ouest sénégalais : la communauté rurale de Ngoye." Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30048.
Full textThe changes which have affected the agrarian system in this densely populated part of Senegal began to be felt as soon as the groundnut was introduced in the nineteenth century. However it was only following attempts - centered on groundnut production - to modernize agriculture that the rural system underwent a profound transformation. The vegetation cover has declined and the soil has become less productive, both surface and underground water bodies have become scarce, game has disappeared entirely, bovine herds have been driven towards Ferlo and the tann, and demographic pressure on the land has reached a peak. Today, many features of pre-colonial Sereer social organization subsist, but the changes underway herald an unprecedented upheaval. The agrarian transformations, the high density of the population, continual emigration at an increasingly early age, and the consequences of that emigration for the local economy, all continue to determine new conditions of land tenure, as well as new social, environmental and even political issues in the villages in the area
Ndour, Rebecca. "Les cadres sociaux de l'ethnicité. : analyse des conditions d'émergence et de transmission de l'ethnicité par le cas des Sereer (Sénégal)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH068/document.
Full textThis thesis is part of a query on the modes of transmission in urban environment of Sereer ethnicity, associated par excellence with rurality in the Senegalese ethnic paradigm and deemed threatened of disappearance. The deconstructivist approach to ethnicity, essential in particular in the study of African "ethnic groups", proved to be insufficient for an adequate understanding of the experience of belonging lived by the respondents. It therefore seemed appropriate to remobilize the Weber notion of belief in a common origin, which opens up the possibility of reintegrating the subjective dimension of ethnicity experienced as a link of filiation between the members of the group and, in a complementary move inspired by the theory of social links and attachment regimes, of considering this link of filiation in its relation with other characteristic links of social life. Thus repositioned, ethnicity can be analyzed through the social frameworks of its formation, performance and transmission, and appears as a social fact in its own right which imposes itself to the sociologist. The field survey, conducted using the inductive method among people considering themselves as Sereer and living in Dakar and Paris, led to the finding of a strong diversity in the relation of those concerned to Sereer ethnicity. It appears that this relation is organized on the basis of the dominant ideal representation of a linear modernization, schematically opposing tradition and modernity, to which the theoretical approach of ethnicity itself is still partially subject. The analysis of the field survey material thus led to the construction of a typology of idealized relations with the origins and associated transmission modes. It appears that at the level of the group, Sereer ethnicity, reinterpreted according to the relational framework, at the international or national level, mobilizes differently the people claiming it. At a more individual and family level, the comparison of the words and the practices of the respondents with the typology made it possible to enlighten the way in which the relations with the origins, reshaped by social realities and a social positioning that are different for the members of the group, influence their family practices of transmission and the feeling of ethnic belonging of the descendants. Finally, it appears that, far from removing them from the social machine, ethnic experience puts the group and its reproduction plan to the test of various social factors in time and space, and poses in fact the question of what the social construct is about
Ngal-Mumbala-Otseya. "Le mythe lebou : essai d'analyse semiotique. (dimensions initiatiques et symboliques)." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0315.
Full textThe lebous of senegal have already been the subject of studies by anthropologists and ethno-psychiatrists. Approaching the subject from an angle different to that adopted by these researchers, the problem analyzed in this study may be stated as follows : tounka as a "literary space" constitutes a language, and as such it reveals its signification when understood as a language of initiation and symbols. By using a flexible concept of the symbol, i. E. Excluding all automatic reflexes in reading and interpreting it, the analysis demonstrates that the symbol is one of the elements of signification and only acquires meaning within a context of correlations. Based on signification, the study attempts to show that signification dervives from a relationship with symbolic ressources (categories, norms, rules, beliefs, etc. ) which exist in lebou society which alone can provide criteria through which such a conduct could be interpreted or identified. According to this angle of approach of textual data in tounka, the thesis appears as a relationship between the lebou socio-historical context and the symbols produced by the text
Kyburz, Olivier. "Les hiérarchies sociales et leurs fondements idéologiques chez les Haalpulaar'en (Sénégal)." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100206.
Full textThis thesis is based on a year and a half of fieldwork in the mid-valley of the Senegal River. Its main purposes to describe how a tukulor conceives of the social category to which he belongs, and what notions he appeals to, in order to distinguish himself from the others. In the first part, the rimbe - categories of the nobles - are exposed: Fulani, fishermen, political councilors, warriors and Muslim clerics. Fulani and fishermen exploit different parts of the valley and master distinct areas of knowledge. Whoever will master both domains of knowledge is to be viewed as anti-social and dangerous. These categories are thus in a complementary relationship. The Fulani chiefs have gained the stewardship of the next two categories. The first one, that of the councilors, is closely connected to them through kinship and has jealously kept close to its interests. The other one, the warriors, constituted of foreigner’s exhibit a total dedication to their leaders. The problem for both categories is one of dependency. As to the last noble category, the clerics, they originate from all others social categories. In the second part, dealing with craftsmen and praise-singers nyeenybe, the traditions specific to each groups are examined. There are important differences, notably in marriage practices. The goldsmiths, who are considered to be part of a Fulani lineage, see the "red leather mongers, themselves of Fulani origin, as the only group who could induce them to give up endogamy. Conversely, the non-fulani craftsmen claim equality between the diverse nyeenybe, and pretend that they take wives in any group of craftsmen. In conclusion, a hypothesis is adduced on the historical evolution of the institution of occupational castes in tokolor society, from the analysis of historical and genealogical data
Thiam, Mohamed. "Politiques de développement rural au Sénégal : l'exemple de l'élevage semi-nomade des Peul dans le sud-ouest du Ferlo : une activité en crise." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX23003.
Full textIn a sahel region of africa, animal production is first of all the business of the peul people; therefore trying to improve it means looking for a rise in a rise in the standard of living of this community. The south west of ferio is a zone of contact as well as a zone of permanent conflicts between the defenders of two systems of extensive production: one is pastoral supported by the4 peul, and the other is agriculture defended by the wolof and serer famers. The oppositions and rivalities provoked by these two systems strengthen the competition and the brawels between social groups. Now minority in the zone, the livestok rearers are loosers in the villages they have set up. Draught, overgrazing, the dispersion of livestock farmers, the lack of marketing infrastructures, of remunerative prices, of policies of planning together of rural organisation and development put the livestock into a state of quasi-perpetual crisis. Faced with this two-fold contraint of endemic as well as structural nature, the rearers have adoped adapta tive strategies to sustain their activity and for income resource diversification
Awenengo, Dalberto Séverine. "Les Joola, la Casamance et l'État (1890-2004) : l'identisation Joola au sénégal." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070036.
Full textBetween the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the years 2000, the populations of lower casamance have gradually constituted and imagined themselves as a community and as a joola community. This work analyses the processes of this "identisation" - or identity building - which have emerged and seen themselves reinforced through the creation, the management, the imagination and the uses of casamance and senegal at first in the colonial order, then in the independent state. In other words, it examines the function of joola identity by going into the way the populations of lower casamance, casamance, senegal and the state were mutually practiced and imagined. This has promoted the composition of a community joola whose identity was standardized only very recently, under the effect of cultural works and inventions of tradition which has seen themselves multiplied with the start of the separatist movement of casamance in 1982. The study of the constructions - and theirs articulations - of the joola, casamancaise, senegalese and citizen identites, privileging various approaches of joola identity, shows that it is in the rupture of the citizenship connection and not in the formation of a joola or casamancaise identity that the casamance crisis must be understood. This work also allows to study differently, starting from the casamance and joola periphery, the colonial and the independent senegal, their models, heritages and modes of transmission. Based on sources of files of colonial and on oral testimonies, this thesis was also based on new and inaccessible private archives, that the volume of appendices makes it possible to consult partly
Daff, Amadou Talla. "Des Toucouleurs originaires de la vallée du fleuve Sénégal dans la région parisienne depuis la fin de la Seconde Guerre Mondiale." Paris 13, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA131018.
Full textDiédhiou, Paul. "Le processus de construction de l'identité joola : analyse socio-anthropologique des conflits en milieu ajamat (Casamance, Sénégal)." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA1011.
Full textTandian, Aly. "Des migrations internationales à la question identitaire : redéfinition de statuts des migrants Haalpulaar et évolution des rôles féminins dans la vallée du fleuve Sénégal." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20004.
Full textFollowing the repeated droughts, the end of the welfare system. . . , many Senegalese citizens choose to expatriate. This situation is increased in the valley of the Senegalese river where the inhabitants don't resign to their fate for the leading majority of the male migration can be seen as a protest against the hard living conditions. Our research was carried out in the Haalpulaar society where there are free men, servants and slaves as well as a land supremacy of free men. Yet, with the increasing migration, new complex and remote destinations are defined for many reasons while making it possible to the migrant to acquire economic ressources. We would like to show the circulatory strategies through the country of settlement and the adjustement of ways of sociability in the native villages. Thus, from the emerging constructions of individual and collective identities, the aim of this research is to explain the effects of the male absence on the reconstruction of the family role and to assess the importance of capital in the Haalpulaar social structure
Pouilly, Sylvie. "De l'assignation ethnique à la revendication d'ethnicité : le cas des Diola de Casamance (Sénégal)." Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0504.
Full text"classical" anthropology and journalists give a sort of ontological priority to the ethnic group, and tend to conceptual ize "etnicity" as an as historical substance. This critical analysis endeavors to replace the idea of a "primordial" dyola ethnic group with a historical approach to the construction of identities in a situation of resistance to governme nt power. As indicated by the title, this thesis takes as its starting point the way foreign observers have assigned ethnic group identities. The dyola ethnic group has come out of a theorical construction resulting from both semi-scientific classifications and a globalizing view from the outside. The ethnic group, a signifier in the ultimate sense of the word, has, in the struggle of the peoples called "dyola" against colonial power, thus emerged-grouded in ne w political and religious institutions. The dyola identity is based on opposition; it such brings to mind the concept of an ethnic identity as described by g. Devereux. The most achevied form of "dyola" political and religious unity was expressed in prophetism. In 1942 alinsitoue diatta laid the basis for a nationalism. In prison she became the symbol of dyola resistance. In 1980, given economic problems and the excesses of government imperialism the memory of this prophetes was revived- along with the notion of a mythicized ethnic identity- and used by political leaders to mobilize against the state. The independance movement disintegrated into guerilla warfare because it did not manage to figure among contemporary political myths
Schmitz, Jean. "Du jihād à la migration internationale : la diaspora des républiques musulmanes de la vallée du Sénégal." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05H008.
Full textThe history of the Haalpulaaren of the Senegal River Valley during the last three centuries, could be summarized in four outlines of social organizations and patterns of change. Social and cultural anthropology provide the tools necessary to understand West African Islam and international migrations. First, and Imamate has been created at the end of the eighteenth century by muslims coming from heterotopia or liminal space located in the border of others African States. During the nineteenth century, clerical dynasties grew up inside a huge chess-board linking Moors of the right bank and Haalpulaaren of the left bank. From there, new "jihadic" movements left the Valley towards the West and actual Mali. Thirdly, in the twentieth, the internal organization of each small province shrunk in a mosaic of very small City-States where took place the irrigated perimeters of the 1970. A fourth configuration is the today migratory network which, like constellation, connect three poles -villages of departure, major African cities and Western Countries (France, USA)- in multilocal communities
Cissé, Babacar. "La société lébu dans sa profondeur : sociale, culturelle, économique et politique." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080785.
Full textOur work study is developped as following : general history of the lebu, throw their journey in egypt, in the ghana empire, in mauritania and finally in senegal. The social organisation : the role of each of the members (men, women and children). Culture in lebu's society ; its representation in each domain is shown with precision. Religion in lebu's society and the way they used it for political aims by creating a ministery of justice. Political organisation : the philosophy of lebu s traditional politic and its practice under the colonialist rule and, later, in independant senegal. Contribution of the lebu in the economic development of senegal by their different occupations : fishing, agiculture, etc. . . Problem of lands and how comprehension (accord) is always maintained between lebu and both french and senegalease autorities during and after the colonisation. Finally, perspectives of the future. Here, we expose some organisations created by the lebu to assure their local promotion. The best
Sagna, Joseph. "L'organisation socio-politique des diola (bayot et bandial) : étude diachronique." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H017.
Full textThe summary is a synthesis of our study whose topic is a social and political organization of Diola ethnic group (Bayot and Bandial) in Calamanco (Senegal). We chose to make a "diachronic" research rather than a comparative one between present and ancient society in order to enlighten the dialectic relation which exists between traditional society and colonization in the changes of Diola society and institutions. Our thesis is divided into two main periods: the pre-colonial period and the very period of colonization. So, the first part is mainly anthropological and tends to re-create Diola traditional society by analyzing symbols and thanks to those who have known it. Therefore, we have gradually studied traditional family and institutions, each by each, in order to give a precise idea of traditional society with its constitutional logic, its members and its organizational system. The second part deals with colonial period consisted of two major stages. The first stage relates to the discovery of Senegal, then of Casamance and to the beginning of exchanges. The second stage, more characteristic, concerns colonization and pacification of this area. We didn't bound our study to colonization but tried to analyze the period after independence to see whether this new advent would carry out deep changes or restore ancient order. As a matter of fact, we only want this summary to be a survey of our thesis and recall it can't, in any way, replace the argumentation and the basic analysis developed in our investigation. So, we invite those who are interested in our research work to cast a look at our thesis to understand our aim
Cormier-Salem, Marie-Christine. "Contribution à l'étude géographique des espaces aquatiques : la Casamance." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100136.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to analyse the explosive development of the fishery in casamance and to review aquatic spaces, in the framework of the production system. In casamance, the development of the fishery is one of the ways to overcome the farming system crisis. This crisis, which came about before the climate deterioriation, is structural, based on the opening-up of casamance, the introduction of the market economy and rural migrations. The flooded rice culture retreated fastier because of the 1960 drought, consequently inducing the soils and waters salinisation. The peasants show their adaptability in diversifying their activities and selling their local resources on the national and international market. At a global level, a typology of the village and the populations and a cartography of the fishery data show the importance of the changes. A more specific approach shows how individual and collective strategies are elaborated and to what extent the marketing system is controled by the local communities. The historical approach explains the conditions of the fishery development and the difference between the littoral societies' relationships with both the fishery and the sea : the farmers-fishermen exploit intensively the land
Dieme, Jean-Louis. ""La mort diola" (ou la seconde naissance) : esquisse des éléments d'une anthropologie et d'une théologie diola de la mort." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040316.
Full textHow does the diola man conceive death ? For the diola man of the gassylai country side, brin or bandial in Casamance (Senegal), death is conceived like a great passage, a great voyage, a great crossing. Life and death constitute for him one and the same living reality which has got two different faces. Death is another name, another reality of life. Death is another life and dead is another living. He who dies undertakes a great voyage which permits him to go over from one world to another. He passes from the visible world to the invisible world. The first, the visible world, is the one of men; the second, the invisible world, is the one of the dead and of the ancestors. God, as for him, lives both in the visible world, for he is their sole creator, the father and mother of all the men and the living, the master of life and death
Fall, Papa Demba. "Du village à la banlieue : l'évolution des villages Lebou du rivage méridional de Dakar." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100058.
Full textThe Lebou form an original community living in an urban environment. Although those who live in the villages along the southern coast belong to the great historic authority rulers of the Cap vert peninsula, they have a smaller political influence. Actually, the word lebou, a colonial formulation, does not designate a group but a social entity based on an assumed consanguinity. So we can refer to the Lebou as a tribe whose members have several features in common, and among them we shall retain pride and hostility towards outsiders. Besides creating a hybrid space, the periphery growth of Dakar generates urbanization at two levels two categories of suburb dwellers can be distinguished: on one hand, the autochthons that refuse any straight progress, on the other hand, the "neo-city dwellers" who try by all means to live a successful city experience. This explains in part why so many opportunities have been missed by the Lebou. These paradoxical and enigmatical facts can be appraised through three examples: - the decline on traditional activities mainly due to a refusal" to invest while urban growth creates a potential market, - the bad use of capitals drawn from land selling, - the small representation of the Lebou in new activities likes industry. We therefore wonder why the Lebou keep enjoying a relative local influence in spite of their small economic power. They owe it mainly to their relatives living at Dakar. But we notice here and there the questioning of the old hegemony particular through the superposition of state political power on traditional political power. An anthropology of everyday life and city experience help to discover all the africanity of the city. This africanity is expressed through the multifarious ways in which people respond to under-integration and or suburban poverty: "d system", micro- geo-strategies". . . Land management, which has as an objective to adjust the city to society and not the contrary, therefore appears as a common undertaking to which must take part populations who have a singular perception of their space
Diagne, Mbacke. "Le bayot : langue atlantique nord, groupe bak, sous group jóola." Paris, INALCO, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INAL0005.
Full textMost of the spoken languages in the southern part of Senegal are endangered and will disappear if an important action of linguistic documentation and description is not undertaken. Bayot is a bak language of the joola subgroup spoken by a community of more than ten thousand members. It evoluate in a linguistic ecosystem in which more dynamic languages limits its usage in family surroundings. The ATR feature and the marks of tenses, aspects and moods are important elements in understanding how the rules of this language work. Bayot is an SVO type. The data base of this analysis are collected with the help inormants from various erias: Nyassia, Dakar, Yeumbeul, Thiaroye, and Rufisque
Wagué, Cheikhna. "Les communautés soninkées du Fouta Toro (Mauritanie, Sénégal) depuis la fin du XVIIIe siècle : peuplements, migrations et stratégies identitaires." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010568.
Full textGueye, Doudou Dièye. "Migrants sahéliens : pacte migratoire et mobilisations communautaires." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002VERS018S.
Full textThe migration of Soninkes and Toucouleurs' ethnics groups from the Senegal valley region is generally viewed as being under the control of the community benefit. And we try to understand the full the full details of this community control, we can notice a full system or a kind of a "migratory agreement that explains a sort of mutual investment between the migrants themselves and a their originated communities. The notion of mobilization considered an intense mental process to get emancipated from a probable fatal destiny, is put forward to explain this system. The migratory dynamics and migrants' strategies and their families to keep a real contact with people in villages are viewed from different generations' point of view and reveal that the innovations noticed in migration bring about an opposition between traditional hierarchies and new migrants' behaviours. And this rises the issue wether this "migratory system" will last for ever
Ndiaye, Lamine. "La relation parenté / mort chez les Wolof du Sénégal : traces traditionnelles et état actuel des représentations." Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA1017.
Full textMane, Albert. "Approche de la culture balant (moyenne et basse Casamance, sud Sénégal) : société, maladie, thérapie, pouvoir." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05H029.
Full textThe ethnological name "Balant" is not a Senegalese speciality. We also meet "balant" people in Guinea-Bissau. Therefore concerning the ground the research worker is in the presence of one vast social entirety which cultural disparity has incited without any doubt the authors of colonial documents to diverse types of approaches. On the map the "Casamance" region was a kind of southern annexed confined between Gambia and Guinea-Bissau. This spacious region of south Senegal has given birth to two new regions: Ziguinchor and Kolda. The motive of this study is consecutive to the circumstances of our father's disease, who has been down with a cerebral tumour, in 1972. The different modern and traditional courses of treatments he had to follow before to regain health have brought us to centre its interest on three principal axises: disease, health, therapy, among the "bi-jaa" an under-group of the "Balant" people. It draws a certain number of typical common points of the cure in traditional Africa at one and the same time situates the traditional medicine in indigenous or "animistic" circle to an impact point between the knowledge and the faith. It had try to encircle the interpretation of disease and therapeutic rites, the political and economic system, the rites and collective ceremonies, the certain sights of social life and of the power idea among the "bi-jaa" people of "Casamance"
Dia, Amadou Ibrahima. "Corps, personnalisation et socialisation dans la culture Wolof." Toulouse 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU20052.
Full textTarrière-Diop, Claire. "Les organisations paysannes dans la dynamique du changement social, le cas de la moyenne vallée du fleuve Sénégal." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010531.
Full textInquiries made in 1992-93 in the rural community of guede have allowed to charaterize the present organisational phenomenon through our analysis focused not on a peculiar type of peasant organisation (PO), but on the inter-po articulations and the place of the PO in the actors strategy. Our main question is about the social meaning of the PO. Specifically, which is the role of the PO in the ongoing process of social restructuration in the African countrysides ? What are the stakes of these new organisational dynamics ? With this work, we want to show on one side that behind the diversity of the PO exists more than a scattered whole of po without links. Even, if certain po like the village associations for development or the federations at a national level play a peculiar role, the number of synergies existing between the po as well as between themselves and the other actors plays a part in the construction of a peasantry movement. On the other side, through the po, a certain number of sociopolitical stakes are played, as well at the level of the village society (at once reproduction and innovation in the social relations, leaderschip phenomenon) as at the level of global society (state-peasants relations). At these two levels, the PO are both the result and the engine of change, but they are also a mean of managing social change
Boulègue, Jean. "La traite, l'État, l'islam : les royaumes wolof du 15ème au 18ème siècle." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010502.
Full textThis work is focused in the north west of senegal area and the events take place between the portuguese navigations and the abolition of the slave-trade. This work is centred on the connection of an economical development brought mainly about by the atlantic trade, with the political and social dynamics featuring power, centralization and antagonisme increase. The first part deals with genesis then dislocation of the political regime set up by the wolof before the fifteenth century. This upsetting (sixteenth century) seems linked with the portuguese trade. Coastal kingdoms, best located, benefitted by the military advantages gained from trade. During the last third of this century, new european powers took the place of declining portugal. Means of response from states and society are the subject-matter of the second part. Profits gained by the kings enabled them to centralize and fill out their power. Royal agents increased in number, armies in strength. Gradation in taxation significantly stands out in this evolution. A great peasant unrest is to be seen from the first half of the seventeenth century. First the laman, local chiefs and collective land managers, tried to fight against the kings. Their abasement made easier the marabouts rising. Islam brought an answer to the destabilization of society. Two islamupheavals broke out a century apart. The first one (1673-1677) succeeded in establishing a short-lived confederation. Its defeat left a clear field to the setting of a slave-trade economy, benefitting to the french, settled in saint-louis and goree. This economy, promoted the rising, inside of the state and the society, of the warriors from now on fitted with fire-arms. The second upheaval (17761796), victorious in the neighbouring fuuta tooro, broke down on kajoor, the strongest wolof state
Sow, Abdoul Aziz. "Essai de typologie des genres poétiques peuls (Mauritanie-Sénégal)." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040181.
Full textThe purpose of this PhD deals with oral Fulani poetry from the Fouta-Toro (Mauritania - Senegal) and is composed of three parts. In the first part, a sociological approach brings into relief the role and function of each of the social classes that are the generating of this literature. A brief survey of works already written on Fulani literature has put an emphasis on the specificity of the former in each Fulani cultural area. Starting from the local taxinomy of poetic genres, this thesis has achieved a typology of poetic genres by showing that poetry is produced in a specific context that regulates its performance and its reception. Poetic genres have had as a main axis of development the social classes that compose the Fulani society of Fouta-Toro. In the third and final part, the literary analysis illustrates two major aspects of this poetry. Rhythm is so far as poets use various means to create. Furthermore, it is the vector of an ideology proper to the social groups to which it is linked with
Vetturelli, Susanna. "Fertilità, cura e trasmissione del sapere tra le donne del gruppo Dimba-Tùlon di Kolda in Alta Casamance (Senegal)." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA083248.
Full textThe study of a device for therapeutic care of women’s fertility trouble among the Peul tribe in Upper-Casamance, is of great relevance to anyone with education, health or training professions dealing with multicultural situation. This device aims at understanding the patient’s case and defining the context in which the trouble first appeared. The author, who has herself been involved in the practices of dimba-túlon women from de Kolda area who treat women’s infertility through a therapeutic rite, aims at describing how this group of women explains women’s infertility as well as the kind of knowledge and therapeutic devices it sets up to cure all troubles impeding the process of procreation. Moreover, by concentrating and analysing the therapeutic techniques of the healer, father of the group, the author explains the theories on which they are based and the local etiologies about infertility troubles
Diagana, Abdoulaye. "Transfert de normes et logiques d'acteurs en pays soninké : quand la décentralisation redistribue les équilibres politiques à l'échelle locale : Mauritanie, Mali, Sénégal." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL034.
Full textThe evolution of governance and, beyond that of education for democracy, is facing a crisis which impact on decision making are named profiteering, cronyism, manipulation of elections. . . The crisis of democracy is manifested by various symptoms which include the decline in voter turnout, the loss of trust in politicians, the declining credibility of political parties and, more generally, a loss of legitimacy of political institutions. Moreover, the ultimate manifestation of this disaffection is re flected in a series of protests and post election political violence which sometimes go up to the mortgage on the existence of these states while making it unlikely that the very idea of building a statonational project politically and economically viable. Therefore, what is the sense of experimenting democracy at a local level that is being introduced by the process of decentralization. ? Away from the centers of decision, the people of « the Soninke Country » are encouraged to develop a territory that the state has neglected for lack of ressources. This is over a background of tension between an effort of modernization and a traditional & conservative logic that the State is trying to give itself a meaning
Bathily, Naye. "La légende comme genre dans la littérature orale africaine : étude comparée de légendes de crocodiles le long du fleuve Sénégal." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131029.
Full textIn the tradition of other African studies, the present thesis is about the acknowledgement of the legend and its different ways of spotting it as a kind in the Soninke literature panorama, a raised question through all the African oral literature. Though already acknowledged as a sort of speech the legend fulfils an aesthetic and social role. Nevertheless, it is often confused and assimilated to with other kinds of literature such as the tale, the myth and the fable. The legend hasn’t got yet a defined domain unlike the other forms of oral literature. Both a theoretical and a practical approach were used to close in on the legend and to bring out its characteristics in the Soninke context which is marked by the river narrations. I established and analysed a corpus composed of unheard recitals collected in the villages alongside the Senegal River. It revealed the crocodile as a highly symbolic animal. It is the matter of all concerns either as a predator or a tutelary guardian (demigod?) and it nourishes the river side populations’ imaginary. Studying these recitals allowed me to set the legend into the system as well as in the chronology of Soninke literature. The legend is a hybrid of morphological traits of the tale, myth, epic and urban legend. It developed a fascinating specificity and at the same time rising the question of the evolution of kinds in African oral literature, beyond any other approach
Ndione, Louis César. "Acculturations du consommateur à partir des parcours migratoires : le cas des venants sénégalais." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUED010.
Full textIn the wake of the Consumer Culture Theory (C. C. T. ) in general and the Identity Project in particular, this dissertation tries to go beyond the classical researches on consumer acculturation and stresses movements within migrations in an diachronic approach. The empirical case of the Senegalese diaspora in France, the so-called venants, who return ‘on holidays’ to the country of their origins, is at the heart of this research. However, the migratory experience of these venants is not to be considered as oneway migratory movements. It is to be replaced in a global vision, given that the globalization of migrations and the advent of a mobility era induce that these coming and going movements are at the same time both infranational and international, and taking place in the North as well as in the South. In a qualitative and interpretative perspective, we began our researches with an ethnographic study of an homogenous identity group of immigrated Soninké workers, at first in their heterotopic homes in Rouen (Normandy) and then in their villages of origin. Beyond this Senegalese traditional immigration, we afterwards widened our population of study to other migratory groups. Within this framework, narratives of life were mobilized as tools for collecting data. The results of this research, such as disclosed in the migration culture, highlight the importance of the socialization processes in the identity courses of the migrants and in their practices of consumption. Consequently, it has appeared that the forms of exchanges at the heart of these coming and going movements partake in the globalization of culture and in the commodification of the world. The traditional pattern is still at work among the Soninké workers, while within other migratory groups one can observe that these forms of exchanges tend to diverge from tradition
Thiam, Mbaye Alassane. "L'histoire de l'enseignement et de la pédagogie coranique au Fuuta-Tooro : L'école de Cilon : son histoire et son influence (XVIIIe-XXe siècle)." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070137.
Full textIn this thesis, we have studied the history of the teaching and pedagogy of the coran. It's a method which is generally used in western africa and specifically in fuuta-tooro. Among the nine chapters of this thesis, we have just studied the classical system of the coranic education in fuuta-tooro, which is a republic of senegal. Chapter 1 deals with the islamic schools before the 18th. Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are devoted to the history and the influence of the cilon school, and also to the followers of this latters foundator. As to the chapter 9, we have stressed on the used pedagogy in this type of teaching by insisting on the technical terms used in the fulani language
Ba, Sada-Mamadou. "Du signe au blason : description des robes et des marques distinctives du bétail chez les Peuls Fulaabe de l’est du Sénégal." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EPHE5011.
Full textLearning to recognize the differences, sometimes extremely fine, between each head of cattle in his herd is a long process for the Fula cowherd. The man who has become an "expert" in telling differences that other, less experienced cowherds overlook is said to have ganndal, knowledge. The ability to notice tiny differences between cows by using several criteria (the color of the coat and "marks" on it, the shape and size of horns, etc.) is a form of ganndal that, though valued, does not suffice to turn the cowherd into a "true scholar". On the other hand, the ability to discover, under the set of traits identifying an individual cow, patterns that can be used to read the "signs" of fate endows the cowherd with a quite different reputation. The man with such a reputation is considered to be a sort of seer of the invisible, a siltigi; he will be both feared and respected. The cowherd who has attained this degree of ganndal is said to know sifa. Sifa, a specific form of vision and knowledge, constitutes in Fula culture an intellectual and ethical ideal. Strictly speaking, this is not an individual ideal. Every family, lineage segment, local group or tribe seeks to enhance its status through the heritage of ganndal to which it lays claim. This heritage is jealously kept with all sorts of measures being taken to keep rival groups from seizing it
Mbodj, Gora. "Corporeite et socialisation en milieu wolof : place et importance du corps et des pratiques corporelles dans la societe wolof (traditions et changements sociaux)." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20096.
Full textSocialization in the wolof milieu is basically dependent upon corporeaty considered as the all social significant acts of the body. In the corse of his development. The wolof person makes use permanenthy of his body and of "the things of the body". These are present in the myth, the magic, the cales and the oral stories and one can notice them in the daily practices. They participante in the clarification and the pertinence of the verbal messages which appear during the talks, the quarrels and the written stories. They become a reality in the mental illness, take root deeply in the imaginary and the reality of the wolof world. They go with and surround the person from his birth to his death. They are at the source of the acculturation and the "enculturation" phenomenom of the wolof person in the colonial and postcolonial periods. Socialization and "corporeisation" in the wolof milieu, strongly linked to develop the person in the traditional environment, must find again their cohesion which is interrupted by the exogenous cultural influences thanks to a redistribution of family and scholastic functions. From this point of view, the school will appear as a democratic, popular and national school in the service of development
Gnokane, Adama. "La politique française sur la rive droite du Sénégal : Le pays maure 1817-1903." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010569.
Full textSané, Tidiane. "Vulnérabilité et adaptabilité des systèmes agraires à la variabilité climatique et aux changements sociaux en Basse-Casamance (Sud-Ouest du Sénégal)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC155/document.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to analyze vulnerability and adaptability of agrarian systems face to climate variability and social changes in Basse-Casamance, a region where rice growing is a multi-decade. The study focuses on an important aspect of rural development in a context of armed conflict and raises the issue of the dynamics of these systems, which have become an environmental, socio-cultural, economic and political issue. It emphasizes the relationship between the Diola peasant and his environment, through a remarkably ingenious agricultural management, which structuring reflects the deep appropriation of land and embodies a fundamental socio-spatial dimension of the "identity" of the region. Issued from a long social and societal history, from the ingenuity of techniques associated with the exploitation of the environment and the diversity of agrarian systems, rice growing in Basse-Casamance has been facing for more than forty years, multiple external forces, with decisive environmental and socio-economic consequences. The strong climatic variability (rainfall in particular), a key aspect in tropical environment, seems to be one of the triggers of the past and current environmental transformations observed in the region. It has led to other extreme events, with complex contours (high salinity of water and soil, soil acidity, siltation, etc.), therefore, rice growing in many plots of the region has become unpracticable. The magnitude of the changes is measured by a global and multi-scale approach in geography, which integrates both geomatics’ tools (Remote Sensing, GIS, statements of GPS points) and fieldwork (water and soil sampling, physico-chemical analyzes, direct observations, household surveys and people perceptions). This approach led to an important mapping of the observations from diachronic levels and revealed the major trends of the mutations over whole Basse-Casamance and on the scale of rice growing areas. The historical approach has led to a better understanding of the basis of this rice-growing and the conditions under which it is developing. This paradigm is greatly influenced by the public policies in terms of rice growing, implemented in Basse-Casamance, with a view of improving the livelihoods of the rural people. In many cases, however, they have proved to be ineffective and inefficient
Wurm, Isabelle. "Le littoral dakarois : lieu de productions identitaires." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC268/document.
Full textWest Africa is marked by increasing urbanisation in its coastal areas, a phenomenon born out of the expansion of international trade in the colonial era. From this point onwards, we can note a likeness in the human activities that have an influence on coastal zones everywhere on the planet, although diverse responses to identical activities can also be observed. The subject of this thesis is the organisation of Dakar’s coastline, and it takes the interactions that go on between the city’s different stakeholders as its starting point, be they professionals of traditional fishing practices, local authorities active in the public sphere, technical and development experts, people who use the coastal area or residents. Pushes to impose ‘good governance’, the introduction of judicial frameworks that manage the appropriation and protection of coastal spaces and debates around local and participative control of such areas are developments that represent norms driven on a global scale which are then imposed on a local level. Such phenomena have tended to create a context of coastal management that is tenuous in Senegal. The field of study is built around several neighbourhoods that correspond to former Lebou villages, sites that belong above all to the custodians of local history and that are emblematic of the way the working classes have participated in the fabrication of African cities. The practices observed in these territories lead us into debates regarding indigenous sovereignty and ethnic identity. This piece of research includes a written thesis and a web documentary that together form a complete work
Lavigne, Delville Philippe. "Migrations internationales, restructurations agraires et dynamiques associatives en pays soninké et haalpulaar (1975-1990), essai d'anthropologie du changement social et du développement." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00913481.
Full textNdiaye, Alboury. "Les représensations populaires de la maladie à l'épreuve du pluralisme thérapeutique au Sénégal : le cas du paludisme dans la société Wolof." Thesis, Besançon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BESA1021.
Full textThis thesis begins a reflection on popular representations of disease and therapeutic pluralism with regard to tradition, religion and sociological specificities Senegalese society. Its uniqueness lies in the fact to highlight the social and cultural work in the management of malaria illness in the community Wolof of Senegal. This research analyzes the disease as the developer of a social conflict and complex social relationships between individuals, families, therapists, ethnicity, dominated ideologies and ways of acting both opposite and complementary. This is the design that communities are the disease, lies the explanation of cultural fusion is the firmament of human society and which is seen here as a triadic complex due to the spirit, soul and body
Clouet, Claire. "La diaspora de la chambre 107 : ethnographie des pratiques musicales et dansées des Soninkés en Ile-de-France." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH106/document.
Full textThe Soninkes come from a borderland between Mali, Mauritania and Senegal. Their presence in France has been studied in terms of labour migration, but not as a cultural and artistic diaspora. My work concentrates on this unnoticed social dimension. The ethnographic survey begins in the standardised rooms of a Parisan shelter for migrant workers. First of all, I study how the shelter’s inhabitants, only men, shape their living space through sound. They live in confined spaces but the music they listen to and the videos they look at on their smartphones refer to a plethora of spaces in the Paris region and in West Africa. To explore these communities, I join a Soninké dance troupe called Xhambane Kaffo (We are all united in the same language) located in Sarcelles, a short drive north of Paris. Following the dancers and the musicians of this troupe, I go to reception halls, to municipal spaces, to theatres where they lead wedding parties, cultural days, association meetings and elections of diaspora queens. The survey moves then to West Africa : first to Dakar and Bakel, Senegal, following the artistic journey of the Xhambane Kaffo’s troupe director ; then to Mauritania, to meet the families of the Parisian migrant workers. Moving from one point to another allowed me to show how these men, categorized as migrants and single, sit within both a transnational and interpersonal social network. My work argues that if some cultural and artistic practices, such as the Soninkés’ diasporic encounters, are categorized as « invisible » in the urban area, it is because they are seen through a sedentary vision of space