Journal articles: 'Serial permanent'

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Gatti, John E. "Permanent Lip Augmentation with Serial Fat Grafting." Annals of Plastic Surgery 42, no. 4 (April 1999): 376–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000637-199904000-00005.

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Sandy, Michael R. "Preparation of serial sections." Paleontological Society Special Publications 4 (1989): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200005086.

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Serial sectioning (also referred to as serial grinding) is used to investigate the internal structures of three-dimensional (rock or fossil). In this process series of sections are ground or cut in sequence through a specimen to reveal its internal structures. The specimen is ground down against an abrasive surface (e.g., abrasive powder on a sheet of steel or a rotating diamond wheel on a lathe) or cut with a saw blade. The details of each section can be recorded by drawing or photography. A permanent record of each surface can be made by taking acetate peels and mounting them in glass slides (Wilson and Palmer, this volume, Chapter 13). Serial section information can be digitized and reconstructed in three-dimensions using computer techniques (Chapman, this volume, Chapter 15).

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Feng, Xiao Hui, and Chang Li Wang. "Research on Serial Communication in the Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor Vertical Transportation System." Advanced Materials Research 905 (April 2014): 476–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.905.476.

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The serial communication design based on DSP in the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor vertical transportation system is presented in this paper. The control system structure and fundamental are introduced briefly at first. Then, the realization of serial communication between the TMS320VC5402 and PC by asynchronous serial communications chip TL16C550C is introduced in detail. Finally, the design of system hardware interface circuit and software programs are presented. The features of this system include simple programming , good reliability and real-time capability.

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Liu, Yutong, Helen E. D’Arceuil, Susan Westmoreland, Julian He, Michael Duggan, R. Gilberto Gonzalez, Johnny Pryor, and Alex J. de Crespigny. "Serial Diffusion Tensor MRI After Transient and Permanent Cerebral Ischemia in Nonhuman Primates." Stroke 38, no. 1 (January 2007): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000252127.07428.9c.

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Baskerville, Tracey A., I. Mhairi Macrae, William M. Holmes, and Christopher McCabe. "The influence of gender on ‘tissue at risk’ in acute stroke: A diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging study in a rat model of focal cerebral ischaemia." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 36, no. 2 (September 30, 2015): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678x15606137.

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This is the first study to assess the influence of sex on the evolution of ischaemic injury and penumbra. Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in male (n = 9) and female (n = 10) Sprague-Dawley rats. Diffusion-weighted imaging was acquired over 4 h and infarct determined from T2 images at 24 h post-permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. Penumbra was determined retrospectively from serial apparent diffusion coefficient lesions and T2-defined infarct. Apparent diffusion coefficient lesion volume was significantly smaller in females from 0.5 to 4 h post permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion as was infarct volume. Penumbral volume, and its loss over time, was not significantly different despite the sex difference in acute and final lesion volumes.

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Safin, Alfred, and Timur Petrov. "Topological optimization of the rotors of permanent magnet synchronous motors." E3S Web of Conferences 220 (2020): 01040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022001040.

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Permanent magnet synchronous motors are increasingly used in the oil industry. These motors need to be made more energy efficient. To do this, it is necessary to optimize the rotor of a synchronous motor by changing the design through topological optimization. Designing an electrical machine as a heuristic process does not guarantee finding the best solution. Methods are needed that complement the experience and intuition of the designer to find the optimal (rational) solution. Topological optimization is currently performed using the finite element method to reduce mass and improve the stiffness of structures. The proposed method allows you to transfer topological optimization to electromagnetic processes in permanent magnet synchronous motors to determine the direction of magnetization and the size of permanent magnets, for a given mass-dimensional parameters. Optimization of the rotor of a serial permanent magnet motor based on a genetic algorithm is proposed. A new topology of the rotor of the motor was calculated and an increase in the torque was obtained by 18.2%, which indicates that topological optimization is promising for synchronous motors with permanent magnets.

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Zhang, Chun Yang, Peng Wang, and Zong Xiao Yang. "Software System Development of the Outer Rotor Permanent Magnet Generator Experimental Platform." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 448–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.448.

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In order to show the performance of the outer rotor permanent magnet generator timely and accurately under different input parameters, we coupled two software of outer rotor permanent magnet generator experimental platform based on LabVIEW (Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench)-Virtual torque and Three-phase electric parameter tester. Firstly, we picked up the DLL (Dynamic Link Library) of virtual torque and generated an excel file through VB (Visual Basic), through LabVIEW we picked up the excel form to acquire the system input parameters (torque and speed); Secondly, we collected the real-time parameters (voltage and current) of three-phase power meter by means of the LabVIEW serial communication; Lastly, we could see the efficiency of the outer rotor permanent magnet generator on the LabVIEW front panel. The experiment show that we can couple the input and output parameters of the system based on LabVIEW, and we can see the efficiency of the outer rotor permanent magnet generator under each fixed input parameters. This experiment avoid the tedious work that people deal with data, optimize the software system of outer rotor permanent magnet generator experimental platform, and provide the technical support for optimal design of permanent magnet generator.

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Hwang, Sung Bae, Min Suk Chung, and Jin Seo Park. "Method for preparing permanent brain slices and serial slice images for education and MRI correlation." Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist 289B, no. 2 (2006): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.b.20093.

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Li, Chen, Jing Huang, and Qing Chang. "Data-Enabled Permanent Production Loss Analysis for Serial Production Systems With Variable Cycle Time Machines." IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 6, no. 4 (October 2021): 6418–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lra.2021.3093012.

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Suganuma, Jun, Tadashi Sugiki, and Yutaka Inoue. "A Case of Bilateral Permanent Subluxation of the Lateral Meniscus." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2016 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5912841.

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We report a case of bilateral, permanent subluxation of the lateral meniscus. To our knowledge, the present case is the first reported description of bilateral irreducible anterior dislocation of the posterior segment of the lateral meniscus. This disorder is characterized by a flipped meniscus sign of the lateral meniscus on sagittal magnetic resonance images of the knee joint, with no history of trauma or locking symptoms. A detailed examination of serial magnetic resonance images of the lateral meniscus can help differentiate this condition from malformation of the lateral meniscus, that is, a double-layered meniscus. We recommend two-stage treatment for this disorder. First, the knee joint is kept in straight position for 3 weeks after the lateral meniscus is reduced to the normal position. Second, if subluxation of the lateral meniscus recurs, meniscocapsular suture is then performed. Although subluxation of the lateral meniscus without locking symptoms is rare, it is important to be familiar with this condition to diagnose and treat it correctly.

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Watt, Elizabeth, Leigh Conroy, Michael Peacock, Michael Roumeliotis, Amy Frederick, Siraj Husain, and Tyler Meyer. "Appropriate timing for postimplant imaging in permanent breast seed implant: Results from a serial CT study." Brachytherapy 17, no. 3 (May 2018): 609–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brachy.2018.01.006.

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Watt, E., M. Peacock, L. Conroy, S. Husain, A. Frederick, M. Roumeliotis, and T. Meyer. "PO-0925: Timing of post-implant analysis in permanent breast seed implant: results from a serial CT study." Radiotherapy and Oncology 123 (May 2017): S512—S513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31362-2.

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13

Li, W. F., T. Ohkubo, T. Akiya, H. Kato, and K. Hono. "The role of Cu addition in the coercivity enhancement of sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets." Journal of Materials Research 24, no. 2 (February 2009): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0041.

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To understand the mechanism of the coercivity enhancement by a trace addition of Cu in Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets, we investigated the microstructure difference between Cu-doped and Cu-free alloys using high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and laser assisted three dimensional atom probe (LA-3DAP). From a serial sectioning back scattered electron (BSE) images of the Nd-rich phase obtained by an integration of the focused ion beam (FIB) and HRSEM technique, it was found that Cu addition leads to a continuous formation of Nd-rich thin layers along the grain boundaries. 3DAP analysis has shown that a thin Cu-rich layer with a thickness of approximately 2 nm is present at the interface between the Nd2Fe14B and Nd-rich phase grains.

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Gulati, Amitabh. "Serial Stellate Ganglion Blocks for Intractable Postherpetic Itching in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report." Pain Physician 3;12, no. 3;5 (May 14, 2009): 629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2009/12/629.

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Background: While intractable itching may be rarely associated with postherpetic neuralgia, it can have catastrophic complications if present. Method: We highlight a severe case of postherpetic itching in a 10-year-old male with Fanconi’s and aplastic anemia, refractory to conventional treatments and requiring intravenous sedation. Results: Our use of 3 sequential stellate ganglion blocks with 5.5 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine provided significant improvement of the symptoms for 4 months after the last procedure. Conclusion: Although further evaluation is needed, we feel that novel use of sympathetic blockade may provide treatment for intractable itching. Highlighted is the possible influence of the sympathetic system in the pathophysiology of postherpetic itch. Implication: The use of serial stellate ganglion blocks may be a treatment option for patients with intractable itching and postherpertic neuralgia of the neck and arm region. This technique may lead to more permanent solutions such as pulse radiofrequency lesion or chemical neurolysis of sympathetic ganglions for postherpetic itch. Key words: Stellate, intractable itching, postherpetic itch, pain, pediatric

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Lev-Ran, Oren, Dan Abrahamov, Nina Baram, Menachem Matsa, Yaron Ishai, Ohad Gabai, Yael Refaely, Mahmud Abu Salah, and Gideon Sahar. "In-situ left-sided bilateral internal thoracic artery: elevated hemidiaphragm." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 26, no. 2 (January 24, 2018): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0218492317754143.

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Background Procurement of the internal thoracic artery risks ipsilateral phrenic nerve injury and elevated hemidiaphragm. Anatomical variations increase the risk on the right side. Patients receiving left-sided in-situ right internal thoracic artery configurations appear to be at greatest risk. Methods From 2014 to 2016, 432 patients undergoing left-sided in-situ bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting were grouped according to right internal thoracic artery configuration: retroaortic via transverse sinus (77%) or ante-aortic (23%); targets were the circumflex and left anterior descending artery territories, respectively. Elevated hemidiaphragm was assessed by serial chest radiographs and categorized by side, complete (≥2 intercostal spaces) versus partial, and permanent versus transient. Results Right elevated hemidiaphragm occurred in 4.2% of patients. The incidence of radiological complete right elevated hemidiaphragm was 2.8% (12/432); 8 cases were transient with recovery in 3.5 ± 0.3 weeks. Permanent right elevated hemidiaphragm occurred in 0.9% (retroaortic group only). Permanent left elevated hemidiaphragm occurred in 0.9% and was significantly higher in the ante-aortic group (3/99 vs. 1/333, p = 0.039). No bilateral hemidiaphragm elevation was documented. Partial right elevated hemidiaphragm occurred in 1.4% and was not associated with adverse early or late respiratory outcomes. Conclusions Despite susceptible right phrenic nerve-internal thoracic artery anatomy, the incidence of permanent right elevated hemidiaphragm is low and no higher than left-sided in prone bilateral internal thoracic artery subsets. This reflects skeletonized internal thoracic artery procurement. Although statistical significance was not achieved, a retroaortic right internal thoracic artery configuration may constitute a higher risk of right phrenic nerve injury.

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Carruthers, Katherine H., Julian Fazi, and Vidas Dumasius. "Serial Sterilization of Silicone Breast Implant Sizers Contributes to a Change in Volume as Compared to Permanent Breast Implants." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 7 (August 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.gox.0000584812.85814.ab.

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Venger, Benjamin H., and Alfonso E. Aldama. "Mycotic vasculitis with repeated intracranial aneurysmal hemorrhage." Journal of Neurosurgery 69, no. 5 (November 1988): 775–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1988.69.5.0775.

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✓ A case of repeated intracranial aneurysmal rupture occurring despite successful treatment of infective endocarditis is reported. While the valvular source of emboli was eradicated and serial angiograms documented no further aneurysms after resection of the primary lesion, the formation and rupture of multiple septic aneurysms occurred 9 months later in the opposite hemisphere. A relationship to damage of the cerebral vasculature by immune complexes is suggested as one possible explanation for this unusual occurrence. This implies that some patients with infective endocarditis may be at permanent risk for the formation and rupture of mycotic intracranial aneurysms, despite successful treatment of the primary cardiac lesion.

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Weidmayer, Sara L. "Amiodarone-Associated Optic Neuropathy." Canadian Journal of Optometry 80, no. 4 (November 15, 2018): 33–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cjo.80.241.

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A 72-year old male presented symptomatic for unilateral inferior visual field loss, but was found to have bilateral optic neuropathy. Clinical features, an extended minimally symptomatic course and a temporal relationship to amiodarone use implicated amiodarone-associated optic neuropathy. Serial ancillary testing analyses provided insight into this entity’s natural course. This patient developed the greatest retinal nerve fiber layer thinning in the inferior quadrant; this may correlate with anatomically larger-diameter axons, supporting a previous publication which suggested that larger-diameter optic nerve axons are more susceptible to amiodarone-induced lipidosis. While rare, amiodarone-associated optic neuropathy may develop and cause permanent loss of visual function.

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Mansour, Nader A., Buhyun Shin, Bongjo Ryu, and Youngshik Kim. "Development of a Novel Miniaturized Electromagnetic Actuator for a Modular Serial Manipulator." Actuators 10, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act10010014.

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This paper presents a novel miniaturized and modular dual-axis Electromagnetic Actuator (EMA). It mainly consists of two electromagnetic coils in an orthogonal orientation with a permanent magnet fixed on a free moving frame that rotates around two axes/joints. By actuating either of the coils, the free moving frame rotates around the corresponding axis. Simulations and experimental analyses are conducted in order to characterize the performance of our EMA. Thus, our actuator achieves a torque of 100 mNm at simulation and 80 mNm through experimentation for the same applied current. Additionally, it can achieve a rotation of 10∘ (≈0.2 rad), according to simulations and experimental work. Because of modularity, multiple units of our EMA can be connected together in different configuration to serve in several applications. As an example application, we used a pair of our EMA in order to generate a miniaturized 4-DOF robotic manipulator. This manipulator demonstrates the advantages of light weight, small size, and a high level of manipulability. Kinematic analyses and experimental work are performed in order to validate our manipulator and to prove the concept of our proposed EMA. Through this experiment, we applied an open-loop controller on our EMAs, so that the end-effector of our manipulator can track a predefined circular trajectory. The movement of the end-effector is detected while using image processing techniques. Although we used an open-loop controller, our manipulator is still able to track the trajectory with moderate errors.

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Nagel, Simon, Michalis Papadakis, Ruoli Chen, Lisa C. Hoyte, Keith J. Brooks, Daniel Gallichan, Nicola R. Sibson, Chris Pugh, and Alastair M. Buchan. "Neuroprotection by Dimethyloxalylglycine following Permanent and Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 31, no. 1 (April 21, 2010): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2010.60.

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Dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) is an inhibitor of prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (PHD) enzymes that regulate the stability of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). We investigated the effect of DMOG on the outcome after permanent and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (p/tMCAO) in the rat. Before and after pMCAO, rats were treated with 40 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg DMOG, or vehicle, and with 40 mg/kg or vehicle after tMCAO. Serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to assess infarct evolution and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Both doses significantly reduced infarct volumes, but only 40 mg/kg improved the behavior after 24 hours of pMCAO. Animals receiving 40 mg/kg were more likely to maintain rCBF values above 30% from the contralateral hemisphere within 24 hours of pMCAO. DMOG after tMCAO significantly reduced the infarct volumes and improved behavior at 24 hours and 8 days and also improved the rCBF after 24 hours. A consistent and significant upregulation of both mRNA and protein levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was associated with the observed neuroprotection, although this was not consistently related to HIF-1α levels at 24 hours and 8 days. Thus, DMOG afforded neuroprotection both at 24 hours after pMCAO and at 24 hours and 8 days after tMCAO. This effect was associated with an increase of VEGF and eNOS and was mediated by improved rCBF after DMOG treatment.

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Ingebrigtsen, Tor, and Bertil Romner. "Serial S-100 protein serum measurements related to early magnetic resonance imaging after minor head injury." Journal of Neurosurgery 85, no. 5 (November 1996): 945–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1996.85.5.0945.

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✓ The authors studied 24 patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 14 or 15 and normal computerized tomography scans after minor head injury. The study protocol included obtaining serial measurements of S-100 protein in serum during the first 12 hours after injury and early magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Four patients (17%) had detectable levels of S-100 protein in serum. The S-100 protein levels were highest immediately after trauma, declining hour by hour. In two patients, MR imaging revealed intracranial contusion. Levels of S-100 protein were not detectable in serum in one patient with MR-verified cerebral contusion, but the first measurements were made late, 6 hours after trauma. The highest serum level of S-100 protein (0.9 µg/L) was seen in a 73-year-old man 2 hours after injury. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a contusion of the left cerebellar hemisphere, and the patient suffered permanent sequelae of impaired posture and dizziness.

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Lauer, Dwight K., and John S. Kush. "Dynamic Site Index Equation for Thinned Stands of Even-Aged Natural Longleaf Pine." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 34, no. 1 (February 1, 2010): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/34.1.28.

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Abstract A dynamic site equation derived using the generalized algebraic difference approach was developed for thinned stands of natural longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) in the East Gulf region of the United States using 40 years of measurements on 285 permanent plots. The base model predicts height growth of trees once they reach 4.5 ft and was fit using a varying parameter for each tree and global parameters that are constant for all 3,267 trees. Parameters were estimated in one step using the dummy variable approach and a first-order autoregressive error term to account for serial correlation. The final base-age invariant equation allows the user to specify the number of years required for trees to reach 4.5 ft in height.

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Gayathre, S. P., R. Niranjen Kumar, and M. J. Prabu. "Study of incidence of hypocalcaemia in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma: a retrospective study." International Surgery Journal 8, no. 9 (August 27, 2021): 2746. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20213607.

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Background: Hypocalcaemia following total thyroidectomy is a fairly common complication. Occurrence of acute hypocalcaemia can be predicted in patients undergoing thyroid surgery for malignancy, based on serial calcium measurement and this helps in early prediction of hypocalcaemia. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of post thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia and methods to treat hypocalcaemia and prevention of its complication at the earliest.Methods: The incidence of hypocalcemia was analysed with serial calcium estimation in immediate post-operative period, 4 hours and 24 hours after surgery and on 5th post-operative day. The factors analysed included pre-operative and post-operative serum calcium levels, clinical features, the disease type and factors related to surgery and histopathologically diagnosis as malignant papillary thyroid carcinoma is confirmed.Results: In this study 30 patients underwent total thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma were studied. Incidence of 22% of hypocalcemia, with transient hypocalcemia in 20% and permanent hypocalcemia in 2% of cases were noted. Conclusions: Patients underwent thyroid surgery for malignant conditions showed higher incidence and severity hypocalcaemia. This complication can be prevented with meticulous peroperative dissection, prompt identification of parathyroid gland. Avoiding injury or spasm of the blood vessels supplying them and frequent postoperative monitoring of serum calcium levels.

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Binder, Devin K., Geoff M. Rau, and Philip A. Starr. "Risk Factors for Hemorrhage during Microelectrode-guided Deep Brain Stimulator Implantation for Movement Disorders." Neurosurgery 56, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 722–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000156473.57196.7e.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE: Although hemorrhage is a well-known complication of microelectrode-guided deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery, risk factors for the development of hemorrhage have not been well defined. We analyzed the risk factors for symptomatic and asymptomatic hemorrhage in a large series of DBS implantations into the subthalamic nucleus, ventrolateral thalamus, and internal globus pallidus. METHODS: All DBS procedures performed by a single surgeon at our institution between June 1998 and May 2004 were included in this study. All patients had postoperative imaging (magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography) 4 to 24 hours after surgery. Hematomas were noted and scored as symptomatic or asymptomatic. Statistical correlation of factors affecting risk of hematoma formation was performed by use of logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The total number of lead implantations was 481. There were 6 symptomatic hematomas and 10 asymptomatic hematomas. Three of the symptomatic hematomas resulted in permanent new neurological deficit. The risk of hematoma (of any type) per lead implantation was 3.3%, whereas the risk of permanent deficit from hematoma was 0.6%. Patients who developed hematomas had a slightly greater number of microelectrode recording penetrations than patients who did not have hematomas, but this difference did not reach statistical significance. There was not a statistically significant relationship between risk of hematoma and patient age or diagnosis. There was a significant effect of brain target (P = 0.001), with only 1 hemorrhage detected after thalamic DBS. CONCLUSION: DBS is generally safe, with only 0.6% of implantations associated with permanent neurological deficit. The incremental risk of successive serial microelectrode penetrations is small.

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Kim, Ji-hoon, Dong Gyu Na, Kee-Hyun Chang, In Chan Song, Seung Hong Choi, Kyu Ri Son, Kyung Won Kim, and Chul Ho Sohn. "Serial MR Analysis of Early Permanent and Transient Ischemia in Rats: Diffusion Tensor Imaging and High b Value Diffusion Weighted Imaging." Korean Journal of Radiology 14, no. 2 (2013): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2013.14.2.307.

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Riley, Nell M., William Hodos, and Tatiana Pasternak. "Effects of serial lesions of telencephalic components of the visual system in pigeons." Visual Neuroscience 1, no. 4 (July 1988): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800004156.

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AbstractA serial-lesion technique was used to investigate interactions in visual processing between telencephalic components of the pigeon visual system. Pigeons were trained to discriminate pairs of stimuli that differed in color, intensity or pattern. After mastering the discrimination tasks, they were assigned to one of three groups. The first group (WI-EII) received lesions of the visual Wulst and were retested. After the discrimination tasks were again mastered, a second set of lesions was made, this time in the ectostriatum. The birds were tested once again after the second surgery. The second group (EI-WII), underwent the same sequence of events except that the order of the lesions was reversed. In the third group (E + W), lesions of both the visual Wulst and ectostriatum were made in a single operation, followed by retesting. The performance after the first lesion of the subjects in each of the two-stage lesion groups was typical of performance after such lesions; i.e. the birds with visual-Wulst lesions showed little or no impairment on any of the tasks, whereas the pigeons with ectostriatum lesions showed considerable deficits in intensity and pattern discrimination, which diminished after prolonged retraining. In contrast, the pigeons in the one-stage group (E + W) showed profound deficits that appeared to be permanent. The performance after the second operation of the WI-EII group was the same as that of pigeons with lesions of ectostriatum alone; i.e. destruction of ectostriatum first or second resulted in the same duration of impairment. The performance of the EI-WII group after its visual Wulst lesion, however, was similar to that observed in the E + W group. The results are interpreted as a reflection of parallel processing within the avian visual system; i.e. the presence of an intact tectofugal pathway may mask the effects of thalamofugal pathway interruption.

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Furuya, Tsubasa, Takaya Hoashi, Masatoshi Shimada, Kenta Imai, Motoki Komori, Kenichi Kurosaki, Kazuto Fujimoto, and Hajime Ichikawa. "Serial changes of tricuspid regurgitation after anatomic repair for congenitally corrected transposition." European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 58, no. 1 (February 12, 2020): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezaa022.

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Abstract OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to reveal the serial changes in tricuspid regurgitation (TR) after anatomic repair for congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries. METHODS Between 1995 and 2018, 48 patients underwent anatomic repair (atrial/arterial switch in 14 patients, atrial switch and Rastelli in 34 patients). The mean age and weight of the patients during anatomic repair was 33 (interquartile range 21.8–62.1) months and 12 (10.3–16.3) kg. The preoperative TR was less than mild in 15 patients (31.3%), mild-to-moderate in 29 patients (60.4%) and more-than-moderate in 4 patients (8.3%). Ebsteinoid dysplasia of the tricuspid valve (TV) was observed in 7 patients (14.6%). During the study period, no patient underwent TV surgery or bidirectional Glenn anastomosis at the time of anatomic repair. RESULTS There was 1 in-hospital death and 1 late death. The follow-up was completed by other surviving patients, with a median follow-up period of 12.1 years (5.9–18.1). The overall survival, reoperation-free survival and freedom from permanent pacemaker implantation rate at 15 years were 94.3%, 74.3% and 81.5%, respectively. The mean TR grade was 2.0 (1.0–2.6) preoperatively, 2.0 (1.0–2.0) at 1 year, 2.0 (2.0–2.0) at 5 years and 2.0 (2.0–2.0) at 10 years after anatomic repair. A Cox proportional hazards model showed that association of Ebsteinoid dysplasia of the TV, type of anatomic repair and previous pulmonary artery banding did not affect freedom from death or the more-than-moderate TR rate. There were 2 patients who underwent TV surgery after the anatomic repair for severe TR; TV repair was successfully done for 1 patient, the other required semi-closure of TV and one and one-half ventricle conversion. CONCLUSIONS TR remained subclinical or improved in the majority of patients after anatomic repair without TV repair. However, there were a few patients whose TR progressed to severe or massive, then required TV surgery after anatomic repair. Although exposure was difficult, TR was sometimes repairable following atrial switch, otherwise, one and one-half ventricle repair conversion would be the choice of treatment.

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Ren, Yubo, Megumi Hashimoto, William A. Pulsinelli, and Thaddeus S. Nowak. "Hypothermic Protection in Rat Focal Ischemia Models: Strain Differences and Relevance to “Reperfusion Injury”." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 24, no. 1 (January 2004): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wcb.0000095802.98378.91.

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Hypothermic protection was compared in Long-Evans and spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) strains using transient focal ischemia, and in Wistar and SHR strains using permanent focal ischemia. Focal ischemia was produced by distal surgical occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and tandem occlusion of the ipsilateral common carotid artery (MCA/CCAO). Moderate hypothermia of 2 hours' duration was produced by systemic cooling to 32 °C, with further cooling of the brain achieved by reducing to 30°C the temperature of the saline drip superfusing the exposed occlusion site. Infarct volume was determined from serial hematoxylin and eosin-stained frozen sections obtained routinely at 24 hours, or in some cases after 3 days' survival. In the SHR, moderate hypothermia was only effective when initiated before recirculation after a 90-minute occlusion period. In contrast, the same intervention was strikingly effective in the Long-Evans rat even when initiated after as long as 30-minute reperfusion after a 3-hour occlusion. This magnitude and duration of cooling was not protective in permanent MCA/CCAO in the SHR, but such transient hypothermia did effectively reduce infarct volume after permanent occlusions in Wistar rats. These results show striking differences in the temporal window for hypothermic protection among rat focal ischemia models. As expected, “reperfusion injury” in the Long-Evans strain is particularly responsive to delayed cooling. The finding that the SHR can be protected by hypothermia initiated immediately before recirculation suggests a rapidly evolving component of injury occurs subsequent to reperfusion in this model as well. Hypothermic protection after permanent occlusion in Wistar rats identifies a transient, temperature-sensitive phase of infarct evolution that is not evident in the unreperfused SHR. These observations confirm that distinct mechanisms can underlie the temporal progression of injury in rat stroke models, and emphasize the critical importance of considering model and strain differences in extrapolating results of hypothermic protection studies in animals to the design of interventions in clinical stroke.

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Melo, José Roberto Tude, Rosane Klein Passos, and Marcelo Liberato Coelho Mendes de Carvalho. "Cerebrospinal fluid drainage options for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in premature neonates." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 75, no. 7 (July 2017): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20170060.

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ABSTRACT Objective The literature describes various cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage techniques to alleviate posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in preterm newborns; however, consensus has not been reached. The scope of this study was describing a case series of premature neonates with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and assessing the outcomes of different approaches used for CSF diversion. Methods A consecutive review of the medical records of neonates with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus treated with CSF drainage was conducted. Results Forty premature neonates were included. Serial lumbar puncture, ventriculosubgaleal shunt, and ventriculoperitoneal shunt were the treatments of choice in 25%, 37.5% and 37.5% of the cases, respectively. Conclusion Cerebrospinal fluid diversion should be tailored to each case with preference given to temporary CSF drainage in neonates with lower age and lower birth-weight, while the permanent ventriculoperitoneal shunt should be considered in healthier, higher birth-weight neonates born closer to term.

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Heller, Robert, Daniel R. Calnan, Michael Lanfranchi, Neel Madan, and Adel M. Malek. "Incomplete stent apposition in Enterprise stent–mediated coiling of aneurysms: persistence over time and risk of delayed ischemic events." Journal of Neurosurgery 118, no. 5 (May 2013): 1014–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.2.jns121427.

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Object Incomplete stent apposition of the closed cell–design Enterprise stent following stent-mediated coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms has been associated with increased risk of periprocedural thromboembolic events. In this study, the authors seek to determine the natural history of incomplete stent apposition and evaluate the clinical implications of the phenomenon. Methods Since January 2009, all patients receiving Enterprise stents in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms at the authors' institution have undergone serial 3-T MRI with incomplete stent apposition identified by the crescent sign on multiplanar reconstructions of MR angiograms. Magnetic resonance images and MR angiograms obtained at 3, 9, and 18 months after stent-assisted coil embolization were analyzed along with admission and follow-up clinical medical records. These records were evaluated for any radiographic and clinical, transient or permanent ischemic neurological events. Results Fifty patients receiving Enterprise stents were eligible for inclusion and analysis in the study. Incomplete stent apposition was identified in postoperative imaging studies in 22 (44%) of 50 patients, with 19 (86%) of 22 crescent signs persisting and 3 (14%) of 22 crescent signs resolving on subsequent serial imaging. Delayed ischemic events occurred in 8 (16%) of 50 cases, and all cases involved patients with incomplete stent apposition. The events were transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) in 5 cases, asymptomatic radiographic strokes in 2 cases, and symptomatic strokes and TIAs in the final case. There were no delayed ischemic events in patients who did not have incomplete stent apposition. Only 1 of the delayed ischemic events (2%) was permanent and symptomatic. The postoperative presence of a crescent sign and persistence of the crescent sign were both significantly associated with delayed ischemic events (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions Incomplete stent apposition is a temporally persistent phenomenon, which resolves spontaneously in only a small minority of cases and appears to be a risk factor for delayed ischemic events. Although further follow-up is needed, these results suggest that longer duration of antiplatelet therapy and clinical follow-up may be warranted in cases of recognized incomplete stent apposition.

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Apolinário, Raul, Jeane Nogueira, Meiriellem G. da Silveira Costa, Jacenir Santos-Mallet, Marcelo Guerra Santos, Patrícia Azambuja, Cícero Brasileiro Mello, Marcelo Salabert Gonzalez, Leandro Rocha, and Maria Denise Feder. "Insecticidal activity of Pilocarpus spicatus Saint-Hilaire (Rutaceae) essential oil against the crop pest Dysdercus peruvianus (Guérin-Méneville, 1831) and Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dallas, 1852)." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 11 (December 6, 2020): e90091110489. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.10489.

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Studies were carried out to evaluate the insecticidal activity of Pilocarpus spicatus Saint-Hilaire (Rutaceae) essential oil (EO) on the development of the Hemiptera Dysdercus peruvianus (Guérin-Méneville, 1831) and Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dallas, 1852). Gas Chromatography/Mass spectrometry analysis revealed a chemical composition with sabinene (32.27%) and sylvestrene (27.26%) as major constituents. Topical and continuous treatment with the pure EO induced 100% of mortality while serial dilutions of the EO induced different levels of lethality in a dose response manner. Median lethal dose (LD50) and lethal dose 90% (LD90) were determined. Malformations in insects and permanent or supernumerary nymphs were often observed after treatments, and the use of scanning electron microscopy allowed the analysis of morphological changes. The different biological effects of P. spicatus EO point out its potential as a rich source of bioactive molecules to be used as an alternative control method against agricultural pest insects.

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Pfleiderer, AG, N. Ahmad, MR Draper, K. Vrotsou, and WK Smith. "The Timing of Calcium Measurements in Helping to Predict Temporary and Permanent Hypocalcaemia in Patients Having Completion and Total Thyroidectomies." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 91, no. 2 (March 2009): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588409x359349.

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INTRODUCTION Postoperative hypocalaemia commonly occurs after extensive thyroid surgery and may require calcium and/or vitamin D supplements to alleviate or prevent the symptoms. In this study, we determined the risk factors for developing hypocalcaemia and whether early serum calcium levels can predict the development of or differentiate between temporary or permanent hypocalcaemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 162 patients who either had a completion or total thyroidectomy formed the basis of this prospective study. Serial serum calcium measurements were recorded as well as details of the operation, pathology, indications for surgery, number of parathyroids identified at operation and any complications. RESULTS Eighty-four (52%) patients did not develop hypocalcaemia but 69 (43%) were found to have temporary hypocalcaemia and 9 (5%) had permanent hypocalcaemia. Hypocalcaemia was more common after total than completion thyroidectomies and the identification of parathyroids at operation appears to have a significant adverse effect on outcome. The calcium levels measured on day 1 postoperatively and the slope (serum calcium levels of day 1 postoperative minus day of operation) were statistically significant in predicting the development of hypocalcaemia and possibly to differentiate between temporary or permanent hypocalcaemia. DISCUSSION Although almost half the patients having extensive thyroid surgery developed hypocalcaemia (as defined by any postoperative corrected serum calcium level of < 2.12 mmol/l) only 24% had a serum calcium of < 2.12 mmol/l associated with clinical symptoms of hypocalcaemia or a calcium level of < 2.0 mmol/l. Only 5% had persistent hypocalcaemia defined as requiring exogenous supplements at 6 months' postoperatively. Patients having a completion thyroidectomy appear to be less likely to develop hypocalcaemia perhaps as a result of any iatrogenic effects on the parathyroids at the first operation being reversed before the second operation. Identification and, therefore, exposure of parathyroids at operation may have an adverse effect on the blood supply to the glands affecting their function. CONCLUSIONS Serum calcium levels measured 6 hours' post-surgery and on day 1 postoperatively can be useful in predicting if the patient will develop hypocalcaemia and the slope may indicate whether the hypocalcaemia will be temporary or permanent. Patients with toxic goitres and those having a one-stage total thyroidectomy are most at risk of developing hypocalcaemia.

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Hassan, Ahmed Nafi, Mohammed Hillu Surriah, and Amine Mohammed Bakkour. "Study of hypocalcemia and its risk factors in post thyroidectomy among a sample of Iraqi patients." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 1 (December 27, 2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20185136.

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Background: Hypocalcemia is a well-recognized complication of thyroid surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of hypocalcemia after thyroid surgery and find out the risk factors involved regarding the patient age, gender, muscular build, clinical diagnosis, extent of surgery, ligation of the inferior thyroid artery, and pathology report.Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 50 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for various thyroid diseases at the surgical department of Karama teaching hospital for the period between January 2016 to July 2016. Serial serum calcium measurements were recorded as well as details of the operation, patient age and gender, ligation of the inferior thyroid artery or not, pathological report. Hypocalcemia was considered transient if it was resolved within 6months and permanent if it persist after 6months and the patient was maintained on supplementation therapy of calcium and vitamin D.Results: Author found that the incidence of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia was 30% and in the majority of the cases (24%) was transient, while it was permanent in only (6%) of cases and had occurred mainly after total thyroidectomy and in cases with ligation of the inferior thyroid artery.Conclusions: Author concluded that post thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is a relatively common complication but it is transient in the majority of the patients. Its incidence is related to the extent of the surgery and can be reduced by the good preparation of the patient preoperatively.

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Pantalony, David. "Biography of an Artifact: The Theratron Junior and Canada’s Atomic Age." Scientia Canadensis 34, no. 1 (December 16, 2011): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1006928ar.

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In this article I examine the life of an artifact, the Theratron Junior, a sleek green radiotherapy machine from 1956 displayed in a permanent exhibit at the Canada Science and Technology Museum. It is currently seen through the lens of Canadian innovations, but the Theratron Junior brims with features and history that touch on several other historical narratives—scientific, commercial, labour, aesthetics and patient experience. The striking “sea foam” green paint, for example, has inspired an independent exhibition at the museum on the colour green in twentieth-century medicine. In addition, research into the former life of the specific machine on display (serial no. 15 from 1956), including the people who made and used it, has produced a reinvigorated artifact biography that enriches and challenges conventional narratives from Canada’s early atomic era. The lessons from careful artifact studies are readily clear—we are missing opportunities by taking for granted the most familiar items on our museum floors.

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Jablonski-Momeni, Anahita, David N. J. Ricketts, Monika Heinzel-Gutenbrunner, Richard Stoll, Vitus Stachniss, and Klaus Pieper. "Impact of Scoring Single or Multiple Occlusal Lesions on Estimates of Diagnostic Accuracy of the Visual ICDAS-II System." International Journal of Dentistry 2009 (2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/798283.

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Carious lesions can occur at different sites on the occlusal surfaces of teeth and may differ in appearance and severity. This study aimed to evaluate how estimates of reproducibility and accuracy of ICDAS-II were affected when all lesions on occlusal surfaces, or only a representative lesion, were scored. 100 permanent teeth with 1–4 investigation sites on the occlusal surface were examined visually by four examiners. Serial sections of the teeth were assessed for lesion depth. Intra- and interexaminer reproducibility (weighted kappa values), sensitivity, and specificity were calculated for all investigation sites and for a randomly selected site per tooth. Comparing the kappa values for the whole sample and the independent sites, no effect or only a small effect was found. Comparing the areas under the ROC-curves no effect could be shown. Examining multiple sites on teeth leads to results comparable to when a single independent site is chosen per tooth.

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Sonawale, Archana, Nilakshi Harshad Sabnis, and Maroti Karale. "Etiology and outcome of mono-articular arthritis: a follow up study." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 5, no. 2 (March 21, 2018): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20180429.

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Background: Monoarthritis is a common rheumatological complaint. Inspite of investigations, many cases remain undiagnosed. Prompt investigation and treatment is important in acute arthritis especially septic arthritis else joint destruction, permanent disability or even death can result. This study was conducted to etiologically categorise patients as inflammatory, non-inflammatory and infective arthritis and to study the outcome.Methods: This observational prospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai enrolled 40 patients above the age of 12 yrs presenting with first episode of mono-articular arthritis. They were treated with standard treatment guidelines and followed up every 3 monthly for one year. Outcome was assessed using ESR, CRP values and Health Assessment Questionnaire.Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 38 years with a male to female ratio of 1.4:1. Acute and chronic mono-articular arthritis cases were 16.2% and 83.7% respectively. Knee joint was most commonly involved (38%). Etiologically inflammatory, infectious and non-inflammatory cases were 59.5%, 29.7% and 10.8% respectively. In 21% cases etiology was tuberculosis. 27 % evolved into oligoarthritis over one year. The serial ESR, CRP values and Stanford Health Assessment Questionarre scores decreased significantly across all etiological groups with treatment.Conclusions: Knee is the most commonly affected joint in mono-articular arthritis. Tuberculosis is the most common etiology. Irrespective of the etiology, if patients are treated according to standard guidelines promptly mono-articular arthritis has a good response to therapy as assessed by the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) and serial measurements of proinflammatory markers like ESR, CRP.

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Raleigh, David R., Zachary A. Seymour, Bryan Tomlin, Philip V. Theodosopoulos, Mitchel S. Berger, Manish K. Aghi, Sarah E. Geneser, et al. "Resection and brain brachytherapy with permanent iodine-125 sources for brain metastasis." Journal of Neurosurgery 126, no. 6 (July 2016): 1749–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.4.jns152530.

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OBJECTIVEStereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with or without whole-brain radiotherapy can be used to achieve local control (> 90%) for small brain metastases after resection. However, many brain metastases are unsuitable for SRS because of their size or previous treatment, and whole-brain radiotherapy is associated with significant neurocognitive morbidity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of surgery and iodine-125 (125I) brachytherapy for brain metastases.METHODSA total of 95 consecutive patients treated for 105 brain metastases at a single institution between September 1997 and July 2013 were identified for this analysis retrospectively. Each patient underwent MRI followed by craniotomy with resection of metastasis and placement of 125I sources as permanent implants. The patients were followed with serial surveillance MRIs. The relationships among local control, overall survival, and necrosis were estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with results of log-rank tests and multivariate regression models.RESULTSThe median age at surgery was 59 years (range 29.9–81.6 years), 53% of the lesions had been treated previously, and the median preoperative metastasis volume was 13.5 cm3 (range 0.21–76.2 cm3). Gross-total resection was achieved in 81% of the cases. The median number of 125I sources implanted per cavity was 28 (range 4–93), and the median activity was 0.73 mCi (range 0.34–1.3 mCi) per source. A total of 476 brain MRIs were analyzed (median MRIs per patient 3; range 0–22). Metastasis size was the strongest predictor of cavity volume and shrinkage (p < 0.0001). Multivariable regression modeling failed to predict the likelihood of local progression or necrosis according to metastasis volume, cavity volume, or the rate of cavity remodeling regardless of source activity or previous SRS. The median clinical follow-up time in living patients was 14.4 months (range 0.02–13.6 years), and crude local control was 90%. Median overall survival extended from 2.1 months in the shortest quartile to 62.3 months in the longest quartile (p < 0.0001). The overall risk of necrosis was 15% and increased significantly for lesions with a history of previous SRS (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSTherapeutic options for patients with large or recurrent brain metastases are limited. Data from this study suggest that resection with permanent 125I brachytherapy is an effective strategy for achieving local control of brain metastasis. Although metastasis volume significantly influences resection cavity size and remodeling, volumetric parameters do not seem to influence local control or necrosis. With careful patient selection, this treatment regimen is associated with minimal toxicity and can result in long-term survival for some patients.▪ CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE Type of question: therapeutic; study design: retrospective case series; evidence: Class IV.

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Castro-Munozledo, F. "Development of a spontaneous permanent cell line of rabbit corneal epithelial cells that undergoes sequential stages of differentiation in cell culture." Journal of Cell Science 107, no. 8 (August 1, 1994): 2343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.107.8.2343.

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Established epithelial cell lines that retain their differentiation potential and growth regulatory characteristics can provide valuable tools for studying gene regulation, extracellular matrix synthesis or growth factor response. They are also useful for drug development and toxicity testing. Experiments were therefore carried out to optimize culture conditions for the long-term, serial transfer of corneal epithelial cells in the presence of 3T3 feeder layers; and to establish a permanent cell line. In such experiments, rabbit corneal epithelial cells were seeded at low inoculation densities, and transferred every 5 days. After 80 population doublings, an epithelial cell line, RCE1, emerged. The cell line is heteroploid, with an average population doubling time of 15.5 hours (vs 18 hours for primary cultures). When RCE1 cells reached confluence, they stratified to form a three- to five-layered epithelium and expressed the differentiation-related keratin pair K3/K12 as shown by immunoblot and immunostaining. Biosynthetic labeling of proliferating, confluent and stratified cultures further showed that RCE1 cells expressed keratin pairs K5/K14, K6/K16 and K3/K12, thus mimicking faithfully the stage-dependent differentiation of primary cultures of rabbit corneal keratinocytes. The results demonstrated that RCE1 cells provide a useful model for studying corneal cell growth and differentiation.

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Surriah, Mohammed H., Ahmed N. Hassan, and Amine M. Bakkour. "Study of hypocalcemia and its risk factors in post thyroidectomy in Al-Karama Teaching Hospital." Journal of the Faculty of Medicine Baghdad 60, no. 4 (May 12, 2019): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32007/jfacmedbagdad.6041052.

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Background: Hypocalcemia is a well-recognized complication of thyroid surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of hypocalcemia after thyroid surgery and find out the risk factors involved regarding the patient’s age, gender, muscular build, clinical diagnosis, extent of surgery, ligation of the inferior thyroid artery, and pathology report. Patients and Methods: This case series study was carried out on 50 patients who have undergone thyroid surgery for various thyroid diseases at the surgical department of Al-Karama Teaching Hospital for the period between January 2016 and July 2017. Serial serum calcium measurements were recorded as well as details of the operation, patient’s age and gender, whether or not inferior thyroid artery was ligated, and the pathological report. Hypocalcemia was considered transient if it resolved within 6 months and permanent if it persisted after 6 months and the patient was maintained on supplementation therapy of calcium and vitamin D. Results: The study found that the incidence of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia was 30% and in the majority of the cases (24%) was transient, while it was permanent in only (6%) of the cases; and had occurred mainly after total thyroidectomy and in cases with ligation of the inferior thyroid artery. Conclusions: It was concluded that post thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is a relatively common complication but it is transient in the majority of the patients. Its incidence is related to the extent of the surgery and can be reduced by the good preparation of the patient preoperatively.

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Hamdi, Muhammad. "KOMUNIKASI JUAL BELI LISENSI PAYTREN DALAM TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI ISLAM (STUDI KASUS DI KANTOR PAYTREN CABANG SURABAYA)." Indonesian Journal of Islamic Communication 2, no. 2 (December 7, 2019): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35719/ijic.v2i2.128.

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Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan praktek jual beli lisensi paytren di Kantor Paytren Cabang Surabaya dan mendeskripsikan tinjauan Hukum Ekonomi Islam tentang praktek jual beli lisensi paytren di Kantor Paytren Cabang Surabaya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan datanya yaitu observasi, interview dan dokumenter. Adapun keabsahan data menggunakan teknik trianggulasi. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan: 1) Praktek jual beli lisensi paytren di Kantor Paytren Cabang Surabaya adalah mendownload aplikasi dan membukanya, meng-klik login dan daftar, membayar Rp 350.000,-, memberitahukan nomer ID supaya diberi nomor serial lisensi, lalu memasukkan nomer tersebut, registrasi, membaca ketentuan, dan konfirmasi data aktifasi aplikasi, maka aplikasi paytren bisa difungsikan, terafiliasi dengan beberapa program paytren dan berpeluang mendapatkan income dengan menjalankan bisnisnya. 2) Menurut Hukum Ekonomi Islam, praktek tersebut dikategorikan Bai‘ al-Manāfi‘ ‘alā al-Ta’bīd (jual beli manfaat secara permanen) yang hukumnya sah. Dikategorikan Bai‘ al-Manāfi‘ ‘alā al-Ta’bīd karena objek transaksi adalah manfaat dari lisensi, bukan mendapatkan suatu benda. Penjualnya adalah PT. Veritra Sentosa Internasional (Treni) yang diwakilkan kepada Kantor Paytren Cabang Surabaya dengan Wakālah bil ’Ujrah. Perihal ṣīghah, mitra berucap “ini aku bayar biaya pendaftarannya Rp 350.000,”. Lalu sponsor berucap “ini nomor serialnya, silahkan dimasukkan”. Pada akad Bai‘ al-Manāfi‘ ‘alā al-Ta’bīd, ucapan tersebut sudah mencukupi sebagai sīghah, sebab maksudnya “ini nomor serialnya, silahkan dimasukkan” adalah aku menjual hak kemanfaatan lisensi paytren. Kata Kunci : Jual Beli, Lisensi Paytren dan Hukum Ekonomi Islam ABSTRACT The aims of the study are to describe the factual practices of paytren license trading in Surabaya Paytren Headquarter Office and to describe the review of islamic economic law dealing with the factual practices of paytren license trading in Surabaya Paytren Headquarter Office. The study was conducted through field research design by applying qualitative descriptive study. The data were collected through observation, interview and documentation. Triangulation was used to check the validity of the data. The research findings are: 1) The factual practice of paytren license trading in Surabaya Paytren Headquarter Office was done by downloading the application and then opening it, clicking login and register, paying Rp 350.000,-, mentioning ID number to get the license serial number, then entering the number, doing registration, reading the terms and condition, and confirming the data activation through the application, then the application of paytren could be functioned, affiliated with several paytren program and gave an opportunity to earn income by running the bussiness. 2) Based on the islamic economic law, such practice was categorized into Bai‘ al-Manāfi‘ ‘alā al-Ta’bīd (permanent benefit of trading) which was sahih (valid). It was categorized such way because the object of the transaction was the benefit of the license, not getting goods. The seller was PT. Veritra Sentosa Internasional (Treni) which was represented by Surabaya Paytren Headquarter Office with Wakālah bil ’Ujrah. Dealing with the utterance (ṣīghah) , the partner said “I pay the registration fee Rp 350.000,”. Further, the sponsor told him “This is the serial number, please enter it”. On the agreement (akad) of Bai‘ al-Manāfi‘ ‘alā al-Ta’bīd, those utterance had been completed as sīghah, because “This is the serial number, please enter it” meant that I had sold the right of benefit principle of paytren license. Keywords: trading, paytren license, islamic economic law

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Cherian, Jacob, Robert L. Atmar, and Shankar P. Gopinath. "Shunting in cryptococcal meningitis." Journal of Neurosurgery 125, no. 1 (July 2016): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.4.jns15255.

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OBJECT Patients with cryptococcal meningitis often develop symptomatic intracranial hypertension. The need for permanent CSF diversion in these cases remains unclear. METHODS Cases of cryptococcal meningitis over a 5-year period were reviewed from a single, large teaching hospital. Sources of identification included ICD-9 codes, operative logs, and microscopy laboratory records. RESULTS Fifty cases of cryptococcal meningitis were identified. Ninety-eight percent (49/50) of patients were HIV positive. Opening pressure on initial lumbar puncture diagnosing cryptococcal meningitis was elevated (> 25 cm H2O) in 33 cases and normal (≤ 25 cm H2O) in 17 cases. Thirty-eight patients ultimately developed elevated opening pressure over a follow-up period ranging from weeks to years. Serial lumbar punctures for relief of intracranial hypertension were performed in 29 cases. Thirteen of these patients ultimately had shunting procedures performed after failing to improve clinically. Two factors were significantly associated with the need for shunting: patients undergoing shunt placement were more likely to be women (5/13 vs 0/16; p = 0.01) and to have a pattern of increasing CSF cryptococcal antigen (10/13 vs 3/16 cases; p = 0.003). All patients re-presenting with mycological relapse either underwent or were offered shunt placement. CONCLUSIONS Neurosurgeons are often asked to consider CSF diversion in cases of cryptococcal meningitis complicated by intracranial hypertension. Most patients do well with serial lumbar punctures combined with antifungal therapy. When required, shunting generally provided sustained relief from intracranial hypertension symptoms. Ventriculoperitoneal shunts are the favored method of diversion. To the authors’ knowledge, the present study is the largest series on diversionary shunts in primarily HIV-positive patients with this problem.

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Michael, Lloyd H., Christie M. Ballantyne, Justin P. Zachariah, Kenneth E. Gould, Jennifer S. Pocius, George E. Taffet, Craig J. Hartley, et al. "Myocardial infarction and remodeling in mice: effect of reperfusion." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 277, no. 2 (August 1, 1999): H660—H668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.2.h660.

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Anatomic and functional changes after either a permanent left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion (PO) or 2 h of occlusion followed by reperfusion (OR) in C57BL/6 mice were examined and compared with those in sham-operated mice. Both interventions generated infarcts comprising 30% of the left ventricle (LV) measured at 24 h and equivalent suppression of LV ejection velocity and filling velocity measured by Doppler ultrasound at 1 wk. Serial follow-up revealed that the ventricular ejection velocity and filling velocity returned to the levels of the sham-operated controls in the OR group at 2 wk and remained there; in contrast, PO animals continued to display suppression of both systolic and diastolic function. In contrast, ejection fractions of PO and OR animals were depressed equivalently (50% from sham-operated controls). Anatomic reconstruction of serial cross sections revealed that the percentage of the LV endocardial area overlying the ventricular scar (expansion ratio) was significantly larger in the PO group vs. the OR group (18 ± 1.7% vs. 12 ± 0.9%, P < 0.05). The septum that was never involved in the infarction had a significantly ( P < 0.002) increased mass in PO animals (22.5 ± 1.08 mg) vs. OR (17.8 ± 1.10 mg) or sham control (14.8 ± 0.99 mg) animals. Regression analysis demonstrated that the extent of septal hypertrophy correlated with LV expansion ratio. Thus late reperfusion appears to reduce the degree of infarct expansion even under circumstances in which it no longer can alter infarct size. We suggest that reperfusion promoted more effective ventricular repair, less infarct expansion, and significant recovery or preservation of ventricular function.

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Eerkens, Jelmer W., Alex de Voogt, Tosha L. Dupras, Vincent Francigny, and Alexandra M. Greenwald. "Early childhood diets on the Nile: δ13C and δ15N in serial samples of permanent first molars in an elite Meroitic population from Sai Island, Sudan." International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 28, no. 5 (June 19, 2018): 552–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oa.2679.

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Radlanski, Ralf J., Herbert Renz, Ute Willersinn, Cristina A. Cordis, and Heinz Duschner. "Outline and arrangement of enamel rods in human deciduous and permanent enamel. 3D-reconstructions obtained from CLSM and SEM images based on serial ground sections." European Journal of Oral Sciences 109, no. 6 (December 2001): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0722.2001.00149.x.

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Aggarwal, Neeraj, Sirshak Dutta, Tanaya Panja, Mainak Dutta, Sanjoy Kumar Ghosh, and Ramanuj Sinha. "Hypothyroidism – An Underestimated Complication After Hemithyroidectomy: A Preliminary Study Report." Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery 25, no. 1 (April 30, 2017): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47210/bjohns.2017.v25i1.106.

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Introduction Hypothyroidism is a significant but an under-appreciated complication of hemithyroidectomy. The focus of this study was to assess the incidence of hypothyroidism occurring after hemithyroidectomy, identify the risk factors and to suggest a possible follow-up guideline for diagnosis. Materials and Methods An institution based preliminary study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, in a tertiary care hospital, from August 2014 to December 2015 on 25 patients. The patients were regularly followed up in 1st month, 3rd month, 6thmonth, 9th month and 1 year period with the thyroid function test. Results Incidence of hypothyroidism occurring after hemithyroidectomy including transient and permanent cases is 32%. Increased age of presentation, longer duration of thyroid swelling, pre-operative serum TSH level >2.5 mIU/ml, lymphocytic infiltration in histopathology and right sided hemithyroidectomy were found to be the possible risk factors. Conclusion It is indicated from this preliminary report that there should be a serial thyroid function monitoring in every post-operative hemithyroidectomy patient, and special attention should be given to the risk group

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SOENS, TIM. "Floods and money: funding drainage and flood control in coastal Flanders from the thirteenth to the sixteenth centuries." Continuity and Change 26, no. 3 (December 2011): 333–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416011000221.

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ABSTRACTFrom the High Middle Ages on, the coastal wetlands of the North Sea area have been intensively reclaimed and settled. In order to enable intensive agricultural production in these areas, a complex drainage and flood control system was gradually installed, one that demanded a permanent investment of huge amounts of capital and labour. As the maintenance of the water control system was vital for the coastal agro-system, the long-term evolution of investments is an important, yet rarely used, indicator of the economic, social and environmental fortunes of the coastlands. Based on new and very early serial data on water control funding in late medieval Flanders, this article argues that long-term fluctuations in the funding of drainage and flood control were first and foremost related to structural changes within the coastal economy, where an overall decline of investment levels ran parallel to the fourteenth-century crisis of the peasant smallholding economy in this region. Exogenous pressures on the other hand, such as storm surges, only provoked a short-term disruption of investments.

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Touch, Joe, Yinwen Cao, Morteza Ziyadi, Ahmed Almaiman, Amirhossein Mohajerin-Ariaei, and Alan E. Willner. "Digital optical processing of optical communications: towards an Optical Turing Machine." Nanophotonics 6, no. 3 (January 24, 2017): 507–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2016-0145.

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AbstractOptical computing is needed to support Tb/s in-network processing in a way that unifies communication and computation using a single data representation that supports in-transit network packet processing, security, and big data filtering. Support for optical computation of this sort requires leveraging the native properties of optical wave mixing to enable computation and switching for programmability. As a consequence, data must be encoded digitally as phase (M-PSK), semantics-preserving regeneration is the key to high-order computation, and data processing at Tb/s rates requires mixing. Experiments have demonstrated viable approaches to phase squeezing and power restoration. This work led our team to develop the first serial, optical Internet hop-count decrement, and to design and simulate optical circuits for calculating the Internet checksum and multiplexing Internet packets. The current exploration focuses on limited-lookback computational models to reduce the need for permanent storage and hybrid nanophotonic circuits that combine phase-aligned comb sources, non-linear mixing, and switching on the same substrate to avoid the macroscopic effects that hamper benchtop prototypes.

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Park, Jun-Beom, NamRyang Kim, Seojin Park, and Youngkyung Ko. "Evaluation of number of roots and root anatomy of permanent mandibular third molars in a Korean population, using cone-beam computed tomography." European Journal of Dentistry 07, no. 03 (July 2013): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.115413.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology and number of roots of Korean mandibular third molars, and to evaluate the prevalence of C-shaped, two-rooted, and three-rooted mandibular third molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Serial axial CBCT images of the mandibles were gathered from 137 Korean patients. The total number of roots in the mandibular third molars of these patients was measured, and both the incidence and the correlations between left- and right-side occurrences, as well as between males and females, were analyzed. Results: Most of the mandibular third molars either had two roots (56.5%) or one root (37.9%). There was no significant difference regarding the incidence of the different types of roots according to gender (female versus male) or topology (right versus left side). A higher percentage (80.5%) of the patients had similar root morphology on both sides. Conclusion: The morphology and number of 214 mandibular third molars were examined using CBCT. There was a high prevalence of two-rooted mandibular and one-rooted mandibular third molars from this Korean population. Even though the anatomical variations in the mandibular third molars may not be high, these data regarding the occurrence and morphology of the roots will provide useful information to dentists performing these procedures.

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Ko, Sheung-Fat, Hon-Kan Yip, Steve Leu, Chen-Chang Lee, Jiunn-Jye Sheu, Chia-Chang Lee, Shu-Hang Ng, Chung-Cheng Huang, Min-Chi Chen, and Cheuk-Kwan Sun. "Therapeutic Potential of Tacrolimus on Acute Myocardial Infarction in Minipigs: Analysis with Serial Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Changes at Histological and Protein Levels." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/524078.

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This study investigates the therapeutic potential of intracoronary tacrolimus against acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in minipigs with serial cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and changes at histological and protein levels. Twelve minipigs subjected to permanent left anterior descending artery ligation were randomized as tac-treated group (n=6, with intracoronary tacrolimus treatment) and controls(n=6). CMR with cine and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) studies were performed on postoperative days 2, 5, and 21. There were no significant differences in left ventricular function (LVF), contractility, and LGE between the two groups on day 2. On day 5, the tac-treated group showed a significantly higher ejection fraction, smaller infarct, and lower day-5/day-2 infarct ratio than controls. On day 21, the controls demonstrated further deterioration of LVF and infarct. Contrastingly, the tac-treated animals demonstrated preservation of LVF, contractility, significantly smaller infarct, and lower day-21/day-2 infarct ratios compared with those on day 5 and controls. Thein vivoCMR results were correlated within vitrofindings on histology, immunostaining, and Western blotting which revealed significantly less fibrosis, higher vascularities, less CD68+ and CD40+ inflammatory cells, lower expressions of inflammatory (MMP-9, NF-κB, and TNF-α), and apoptotic (Bax, Caspase-3, c-PARP) biomarkers, respectively, in tac-treated AMI minipigs than controls.

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VAKHNINA, Vera V., Aleksey A. KUVSHINOV, Vladimir N. KUZNETSOV, and Vladimir A. SHAPOVALOV. "SIMULATION OF ONE-SIDED SATURATION OF MAGNETIC SYSTEMS OF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS POWER TRANSFORMERS." Urban construction and architecture 8, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2018.01.20.

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A technique for modeling the magnetic fi elds of power transformers in the environment of the software product FEMM 4.2 is developed taking into account the design scheme and real geometric dimensions of the magnetic system and tank, quasi-permanent current components in high-voltage windings, and the experimental magnetization characteristics of electrical and structural steel. Modeling of magnetic fi elds of magnetic systems of rod and armored rod structures is carried out on the example of serial power transformers TRDN- 63000/115 / 6.3 / 6.3 and TDTs-400000/242/20. The dependences of the mean values of induction in the central cross sections of the rods and side yokes on the quasi-constant currents are determined. It is shown that the saturation of the magnetic system of the rod structure begins with the outer rods at a multiplicity of quasi-constant current equal to 2.2 relative to the nominal phase current of the high-voltage winding. The saturation of the magnetic system of the armored rod structure begins with the lateral yokes at a multiplicity of the quasi-constant current equal to 2.63 with respect to the idle current rating.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Serial permanent'

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