Relevant bibliographies by topics / Serial position

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Serial position'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Serial position"

1

Frensch, Peter A. "Composition during serial learning: A serial position effect." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 20, no. 2 (1994): 423–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.20.2.423.

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Smyth, Mary M., and Keith A. Scholey. "Serial Order in Spatial Immediate Memory." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 49, no. 1 (February 1996): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713755615.

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Serial order effects in spatial memory are investigated in three experiments. In the first an analysis of errors in recall data suggested that immediate transpositions were the most common error and that order errors over 2 or 3 adjacent items accounted for the majority of errors in recall. The first and last serial positions are less error-prone than is the middle position in sets of six and seven items. A second experiment investigated recognition of transpositions and found that immediate transpositions were hardest to recognize but that a traditional serial position effect was not found. This may be due to the difficulty of maintaining one set of spatial items when another set is presented for comparison. A probe experiment, in which subjects were asked to recognize whether a single item came from a memory set and then to assign it to its position in the set indicated that the first and last positions were remembered more accurately than were central positions. The combination of serial order data in recall and position data suggests that there are similarities between serial order and position effects in the verbal and spatial domains and that serial order in spatial sequences is position-based.
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Kelly, Megan O., and Evan F. Risko. "Offloading memory: Serial position effects." Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 26, no. 4 (June 3, 2019): 1347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-019-01615-8.

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Menzel, Randolf. "Serial Position Learning in Honeybees." PLoS ONE 4, no. 3 (March 4, 2009): e4694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004694.

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Liberman, A., A. Kosovicheva, and D. Whitney. "Serial Dependence of Position Perception." Journal of Vision 14, no. 10 (August 22, 2014): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/14.10.1186.

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Miozzo, Michele, Anna Petrova, Simon Fischer-Baum, and Francesca Peressotti. "Serial position encoding of signs." Cognition 154 (September 2016): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2016.05.008.

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Fific, Mario. "Dynamics of serial position change in probe-recognition task." Psihologija 35, no. 3-4 (2002): 261–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi0203261f.

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Relationship between practice and serial position effects was investigated, in order to obtain more evidence for underlying short-term memory processes. The investigated relationship is termed the dynamics of serial position change. To address this issue, the present study investigated mean latency, errors, and performed Ex-Gaussian convolution analysis. In six-block trials the probe-recognition task was used in the so-called fast experimental procedure. The serial position effect was significant in all six blocks. Both primacy and recency effects were detected, with primacy located in the first two blocks, producing a non-linear serial position effect. Although the serial position function became linear from the third block on, the convolution analysis revealed a non-linear change of the normal distribution parameter, suggesting special status of the last two serial positions. Further, separation of convolution parameters for serial position and practice was observed, suggesting different underlying mechanisms. In order to account for these findings, a strategy shift mechanism is suggested, rather then a mechanism based on changing the manner of memory scanning. Its influence is primarily located at the very beginning of the experimental session. The pattern of results of errors regarding the dynamics of serial position change closely paralleled those on reaction times. Several models of short-term memory were evaluated in order to account for these findings.
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Gupta, Prahlad, John Lipinski, Brandon Abbs, and Po-Han Lin. "Serial position effects in nonword repetition☆." Journal of Memory and Language 53, no. 1 (July 2005): 141–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2004.12.002.

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Kelley, Matthew R., Ian Neath, and Aimée M. Surprenant. "Serial position functions in general knowledge." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 41, no. 6 (November 2015): 1715–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000141.

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Shoben, Edward J., Claude G. Cech, Paula J. Schwanenflugel, and Kevin M. Sailor. "Serial position effects in comparative judgments." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 15, no. 2 (1989): 273–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.15.2.273.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Serial position"

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Tan, Lydia H. T. "Serial position effects in free recall." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327061.

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Brooks, Barbara M. "Serial position effects in implicit and explicit memory tests." Thesis, City University London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389543.

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Pawlak, Caroline E. "Orthodontic Informed Consent Considering Information Load and Serial Position Effect." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1395964866.

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Bayley, Peter Joseph. "Serial position effects in Alzheimer's disease and a related animal model." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325468.

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Kerr, June R. "The recency to primacy shift : an experimental investigation of serial position curves in visual memory." Thesis, University of Essex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265027.

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Doyle, Karen Elizabeth. "The Nature of Cognitive Chunking Processes in Rat Serial Pattern Learning." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1384991792.

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Jones, Angela C. "Why do we mipsell the middle of words? Exploring the role of orthographic texture in the serial position effect." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1246891489.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2009.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Jan. 26, 2010). Advisor: Jocelyn R. Folk. Keywords: spelling; orthography; serial position. Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-60)
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Sun, Yao. "Effects of length, frequency and serial position on advertising impact moderated by product involvement : evidance from super bowl broadcast 1992-2012." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2013. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1531.

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Johansson, Adam. "Semantisk information i arbetsminne." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-67646.

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Mycket av vår kognitiva förmåga beror på lagringen och bearbetande av meningen olika objekt, ord eller handlingar innefattar. Denna mening kallas för semantik där semantik inom arbetsminne har till största del ignorerats och istället tillskrivits långtids semantiskt minne. Med användning Baddley och Hitch model av arbetsminne är målet av denna studie att tillskriva semantisk bearbetning till en komponent inom modellen, undersöka skillnader mellan typer av semantiskt material till episodiskt material och hur dessa är påverkade av seriella positionseffekter. Relaterad semantik, orelaterad semantik och episodiskt material var inkluderade i studien och var representerade av ord-par. 42 deltagare, med användningen av en bekvämlighetsurvalsmetod, blev slumpmässigt tilldelade ett av tre experimentella förhållanden designade för att förändra mängden material som de kan memorera. Det första experimentella förhållandet fastställde att med direkt återkallelse hade semantiskt material högre grad av återkallelse än episodiskt material. Det andra experimentella förhållandet visade att effekten av artikulatoriskt undertryckande (articulatory suppression) inte signifikant sänker mängden som memorerat. Det tredje förhållandet demonstrerade att fördröjd återkallelse signifikant förminskade mängden orelaterad semantik. Dessa resultat visade att semantiskt material återkallas till högre grad men relaterad semantik och orelaterad semantik lagras av olika system då orelaterad semantik är påverkad av förfall (decay) eller störning (interference). Resultaten visade betydelsen av att använda simpelt och precist språk för att ge ett mer effektivt sätt att memorera och lära sig.
Much of our cognitive abilities rely on maintaining and processing the meaning of different objects, words or actions. This meaning is known as semantics however, the use of semantics in working memory have been mostly ignored and instead attributed to long-term semantic memory. Using Baddeley and Hitch’s model of working memory this study aims to attribute semantic maintenance to a component within the model, examine differences between types of semantic material to episodic material and how these were affected by serial position effects. Related semantics, unrelated semantics and episodic material were included in the study which were all represented by word-pairs. 42 participants, using a convenience sampling method, were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions designed to alter the amount of material memorized. The first experimental condition, by using immediate recall, demonstrated that semantic materials had a significantly superior recall rate than episodic materials. The second experimental condition showed that the effect articulatory suppression didn’t significantly reduce the amount memorized. The third condition demonstrated that delayed recall significantly reduced the amount of unrelated semantics. These findings showed that semantic materials had superior recall but related and unrelated semantic material were found to be maintained by different systems as unrelated material was subject to decay or interference. The results showed the importance using simple and precise language to provide a more effective way to memorize and learn.
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Marchi, Tommaso. "Position and singularity analysis of a class of n-RRR planar parallel robots." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

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Parallel robots with configurable platform are a class of parallel robots in which the end-effector is a closed-loop flexible chain of rigid links. We have developed a 5-RRR planar mechanism that features a flexible 5-bar chain as end-effector. The angles between adjacent sides of this chain can be controlled through the actuated revolute joints attached to the base of the mechanism. This thesis consists in the geometrical design of n-RRR planar parallel robots and in the study of the Direct Kinematics for 4-, 5- and 6-RRR mechanisms using Bilateration, a method that greatly reduces the computational time for the kinematic analysis. The next step is the singularity analysis for the n-RRR robot architectures; finally, in the last part of this thesis we present the results from experimental tests that have been performed on a 5-RRR robot prototype.
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Books on the topic "Serial position"

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Superior position. Bend, Or: Salvo Press, 2004.

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Dayan, William Z. Changes in incisor position and crowding following adenoidectomy: A serial study utilizing the Burlington Growth serial sample. [Toronto: Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto], 1991.

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Position, Nth, ed. debbie jaffe from Beams in Nth Position in The Wayback Machine. London, UK, 2006.

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Laforest, Annie. The effects of age and contextual cues upon recall and the serial position effect curve. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Department of Psychology, 1998.

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Position, Nth, ed. Nth Position: debbie jaffe (Madame Psychosis: Beams), Day Song (Posit, The Posit Trilogy). London, UK: Nth Position, 2006.

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Campbell, Jennifer M. The effects of a mnemonic strategy on the age differences in free recall and where they occur on a serial position curve. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Department of Psychology, 1999.

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Cvejić, Slobodan. Social and economic position of IDPs in Serbia. Belgrade: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Serbia, 2008.

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Babović, Marija. The position of women on the labour market in Serbia. Belgrade: United Nations Development Programme, 2008.

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Ilić, Gordana. European Union policy towards wetern Balkans and the position of Serbia. Belgrade: G17 Institute, 2002.

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Muth, Lorant A. An iterative technique to correct probe position errors in planar near-field to far-field transformations. Boulder, CO: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Institute of Standards & Technology, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Serial position"

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Troyer, Angela K. "Serial Position Effect." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 3147–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_2232.

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Ranjith, Neelima. "Serial Position Curve." In Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning, 3050–52. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_1816.

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Troyer, Angela K. "Serial Position Effect." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2263–64. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_2232.

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Troyer, Angela K. "Serial Position Effect." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_2232-2.

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Volz, Austin, Julia Higdon, and William Lidwell. "Serial Position Effects." In The Elements of Education for Teachers, 81–82. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315101002-41.

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Yang, Ting-Li, Anxin Liu, Huiping Shen, Lubin Hang, Yufeng Luo, and Qiong Jin. "Position and Orientation Characteristics Equation for Serial Mechanisms." In Topology Design of Robot Mechanisms, 43–66. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5532-4_4.

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Felfernig, A., G. Friedrich, B. Gula, M. Hitz, T. Kruggel, G. Leitner, R. Melcher, et al. "Persuasive Recommendation: Serial Position Effects in Knowledge-Based Recommender Systems." In Persuasive Technology, 283–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77006-0_34.

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Menezes, Melvyn A. J. "Effects of Information Order and Serial Position on Consumer Preference Judgments." In Proceedings of the 1991 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17049-7_1.

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Biswas, Dipayan, Dhruv Grewal, and Anne Roggeveen. "Consumer Decision Making for Sequential Experiential Products: Does the Product Serial Position Matter?" In Proceedings of the 2008 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, 53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10963-3_25.

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Wang, Pengyun, and Juan Li. "Characteristics of Verbal Serial List Learning in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Profile Analysis of Learning Curve, Retention, Interference, and Serial Position Effect." In Advances in Brain Inspired Cognitive Systems, 165–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38786-9_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Serial position"

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Barnes, G. Michael. "Digitized speech's serial position effect." In Posters and short talks of the 1992 SIGCHI conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1125021.1125096.

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Su, Hai-Jun, and J. Michael McCarthy. "Kinematic Synthesis of RPS Serial Chains." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/dac-48813.

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This paper examine the geometric design of the five degree-of-freedom RPS serial chain. This constrained robot can be designed to reach an arbitrary set of ten spatial positions. It is often convenient to consider tasks with fewer positions, and here we study the cases of seven through ten position synthesis. A generalized eigenvalue elimination technique yields analytical solutions for cases seven and eight. While cases nine and ten are solved numerically using homotopy continuation. An numerical example is provided for an eight position task.
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Su, Hai-Jun, Charles W. Wampler, and J. Michael McCarthy. "Geometric Design of Cylindric PRS Serial Chains." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/dac-48816.

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This paper considers the design of the cylindric PRS serial chain. This five degree-of-freedom robot can be designed to reach an arbitrary set of eight spatial positions. However, it is often convenient to choose some of the design parameters and specify a task with fewer positions. For this reason, we study the three through eight position synthesis problems and consider various choices of design parameters for each. A linear product decomposition is used to obtain bounds on the number of solutions to these design problems. For all cases of six or fewer positions, the bound is exact and we give a reduction of the problem to the solution of an eigenvalue problem. For seven and eight position tasks, the linear product decomposition is useful for generating a start system for solving the problems by continuation. The large number of solutions so obtained contraindicates an elimination approach for seven or eight position tasks, hence continuation is the preferred approach.
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Johnson, Mark. "Optical-Actuator-Multiplexed, Serial-Transmission Fiber Position Encoder." In Hague International Symposium, edited by Anna M. Verga Scheggi. SPIE, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.941103.

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Tran, Thi Ngoc Trang, Müslüm Atas, Alexander Felfernig, Ralph Samer, and Martin Stettinger. "Investigating Serial Position Effects in Sequential Group Decision Making." In UMAP '18: 26th Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3209219.3209255.

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Husain, Muqtada, and Kenneth J. Waldron. "Position Kinematics of a Mixed Mechanism." In ASME 1992 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1992-0196.

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Abstract Although robotics has traditionally focused on the serial chain structures typical of industrial robots, fully parallel structures such as the Stewart Platform have also found considerable industrial use. Actively coordinated mechanisms which have combinations of serial and parallel characteristics have been practically employed, and can be expected to become more important in the future. There has been very little study of the kinematic and static characteristics of these mechanisms which have combinations of the characteristics of fully serial and fully parallel structures. This work addresses the direct and inverse position kinematics of such a hybrid mechanism with combination of serial and parallel structure which has multiple, actively controlled actuators. While not the most general possible configuration, this particular case does include many important features of the general mechanism, and the solution obtained gives useful insight for developing a general theory of forward and inverse kinematics which will be equally applicable to serial, parallel and combination structures. Such a theory is necessary for rational design of hardware and software for such systems.
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Kumar, Vijender, Mallikarjun Vasa, Sukumar Muthusamy, Gowri Anand, Sanjay Kumar, and Bhyrav Mutnury. "Impact of Via Stub Position on High Speed Serial Links." In 2018 IEEE Electrical Design of Advanced Packaging and Systems Symposium (EDAPS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/edaps.2018.8680855.

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Andreev, Aleksandr, Olga Peregudova, and Lubov Kolegova. "On the Output Position Feedback Controller of a Serial Robot Manipulator." In 2020 2nd International Conference on Control Systems, Mathematical Modeling, Automation and Energy Efficiency (SUMMA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/summa50634.2020.9280650.

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Yang, Ting-Li, An-Xin Liu, Qiong Jin, Yu-Feng Luo, Hui-Peng Shen, and Lu-Bin Hang. "Position and Orientation Characteristic Equation for Topological Design of Serial Mechanisms." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49074.

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This paper presents the explicit mapping relations between topological structure of mechanism and position and orientation characteristic (abbreviated as POC hereafter) of its motion output link. It deals with: (1) The symbolic representation and the invariant of topological structure of mechanism; (2) The matrix representation of POC of mechanism motion output; (3) The POC equation of serial mechanism and its symbolic operation rules. The symbolic operation involves simple mathematic tools and fewer operation rules, and has clear geometrical meaning. So it is easy to use. The POC equation can be used for structural analysis and synthesis of serial and parallel mechanisms. The method proposed in this paper is totally different from the methods based on screw theory and based on displacement subgroup/sub-manifold.
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Stettinger, Martin, Alexander Felfernig, Gerhard Leitner, Stefan Reiterer, and Michael Jeran. "Counteracting Serial Position Effects in the CHOICLA Group Decision Support Environment." In IUI'15: IUI'15 20th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2678025.2701391.

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Reports on the topic "Serial position"

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Rodero Antón, Emma. Use of strategic serial position and attention resources to improve radio ad recall. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, RLCS, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2014-998en.

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Brufsky, Adam M. Determination of a Unique Pattern of Gene Expression in Node Positive Breast Cancer Using Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada417855.

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Brufsky, Adam M. Determination of a Unique Pattern of Gene Expression in Node Positive Breast Cancer Using Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada424196.

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Šipka, Pero. Serbian WoS-indexed journals: What’s their use for the local scholarly community? Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON/CEES), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/cees-2017-03-1.

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It is in the national interest of small countries such as Serbia to have as many journals in WoS as possible. WoS indexing boosts visibility and internationality and rises journals impact and quality. However, once they reach WoS and stabilize their position, some local journals turn to profit-making strategies, introducing or significantly increasing authors' fees (APCs), which usually results in a larger influx of foreign authors who can afford to pay such fees. Consequently, domestic authors practically lose the space to publish in their traditional platforms. Here, we discuss the question if such journals should continue to enjoy the support from the national public R&D budget entitled to supporting local science.
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Álvarez Marinelli, Horacio, Samuel Berlinski, and Matías Busso. Research Insights: Can Struggling Primary School Readers Improve Their Reading through Targeted Remedial Interventions? Inter-American Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002863.

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This paper assesses the effectiveness of an intervention aimed at improving the reading skills of struggling third-grade students in Colombia. In a series of randomized experiments, students participated in remedial tutorials conducted in small groups during school hours. Trained instructors used structured pedagogical materials that can be easily scaled up. Informed by the outcomes of each cohort, the intervention tools are fine-tuned for each subsequent cohort. The paper finds positive and persistent impacts on literacy scores and positive spillovers on some mathematics scores. The effectiveness of the program grew over time, likely because of higher dosage and the fine-tuning of materials.
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Vonk, Jaynie. Women's Empowerment in the Philippines: Impact evaluation of the ‘BASIC START’ project. Oxfam GB, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.6935.

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This evaluation is presented as part of the Effectiveness Review Series 2018/19 on women’s empowerment. The BASIC START (Building Autonomous and Stable Institutions and Communities through Socially Cohesive, Transparent, Accountable and Responsive Transition) in the Bangsamoro' project was carried out in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) in the Philippines between April 2015 and August 2017, by Oxfam together with four implementing partners: Al Mujadilah Development Foundation (AMDF), United Youth of the Philippines Women (UnYPhil-Women), Tarbilang Foundation, and Women Engaged in Action on 1325 (WE Act 1325). The project aimed to promote women's empowerment and peacebuilding in the region. A quasi-experimental approach was used to assess the impact of the project activities in strengthening women’s empowerment. The evaluation used Oxfam's Women's Empowerment (WE) index. Overall, the evaluation found that the BASIC START project had a positive impact on Women's Empowerment in all three levels investigated – personal, relational and environmental. Find out more by reading the evaluation brief or the full report.
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Tanika, Lisa, Betha Lusiana, and Adis Hendriatna. Simulasi Dampak Perubahan Tutupan Lahan dan Iklim di DAS Citarum Hulu dengan Model GenRiver: Kalibrasi model dan analisa sensitivitas. World Agroforestry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp20048.pdf.

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Alih guna lahan dan perubahan iklim merupakan faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kondisi hidrologi di suatu Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS), dan yang dapat mempengaruhi efektifitas fungsi DASdalam mempertahankan keseimbangan neraca air di tingkat bentang alam. Oleh karena itu pengelolaan DAS yang didukung dengan perencanaan DAS terpadu yang juga mengatur peruntukan dan pemafaatan wilayah sangat diperlukan. Langkah awal dalam perencanaan DAS adalah dengan menilai kondisi fungsi hidrologi DAS tersebut dengat tujuan mengetahui apakah DAS mulai atau telah mengalami degradasi, atau sebaliknya mulai mengalami perbaikan fungsi DAS. Model simulasi seperti model Genriver dapat digunakan menilai kondisi saat ini serta memproyeksikan bagaimana dampak perubahan lahan dan iklim terhadap kondisi hidrologis DAS. Salah satu DAS penting di Jawa Barat adalah DAS Citarum Hulu sebagi bagian dari DAS Citarum yang telah ditetapkan sebagai salah satu DAS prioritas nasional. Kalibrasi model dan analisis sensitivitas menjadi bagian penting untuk mengetahui kelayakan suatu model hidrologi dalam mensimulasikan kondisi DAS, khususnya dalam mengestimasi neraca air di tingkat lansekap. Hasil kalibrasi model GenRiver dengan menggunakan data tahun 2012-2016 menunjukkan bahwa parameterisasi model telah berhasil dan model layak digunakan untuk analisa sensitivitas dan simulasi skenario. Hasil simulasi model, menunjukan bahwa secara rata-rata 37% curah hujan yang jatuh di DAS Citarum Hulu menjadi aliran permukaan (surface flow/run-off), 7% menjadi aliran bawah permukaan (sub-surface flow) dan 20% menjadi aliran dasar (baseflow). Analisa senssitivitas dilakukan dengan menyusun lima skenario tutupan lahan dan tiga skenario curah hujan yang dianggap mewakili berbagai kondisi yang mungkin termasuk kondisi ekstrim: yaitu keseluruhan lahan menjadi area terbuka (ekstrim negatif) dan seluruh lahan menjadi hutan (ekstrim positif). Hasil proyeksi simulasi ekstrim negatif menunjukan bahwa kondisi DAS Citarum Hulu yang terdegradasi dengan dominasi lahan terbuka berpotensi meningkatkan aliran permukaan hingga mencapai 70% dari curah hujan. Sedangkan perbaikan tutupan lahan DAS Citarum hulu dengan reforestasi (skenario ekstrim positif) mampu menurunkan aliran permukaan hingga mencapai 20% dari total curah hujan.
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8

Golovko, Khrystyna. TRAVEL REPORT BY ALEKSANDER JANTA-POŁCZYNSKI «INTO THE USSR» (1932): FROG PERSPECTIVE. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11091.

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The article analyzes a series of materials by Aleksander Janta-Polczynski «Into the USSR» from Soviet Russia during the in 1932, published on «Wiadomości Literackiе». The purpose of this article is explain the uniqueness of the reporter’s style and personality. We want to emphasize the role of Janta-Polczynski as the pioneer of reportage journalism. He was the first who worked professionally in this position in the full sense of this word. Analyzed the cycle of Alexander Janta-Polczynski from Russia, we can emphasize the scale of the reporter’s trip: in 1932 the journalist made the largest journalistic trip to the USSR. Janta visited the Eastern republics, which differed from the popular Moscow and Leningrad. Also, he saw the largest construction in the USSR at this time – which it bragged about russian newspapers – Magnitogorsk and Dneprostroy. For a better understanding are given the visual examples from reportorial texts. It should be noted that for Janta the main task of the reporter is to show what is seen and recorded: only facts and personal experience in communication. This cycle can safely be called a journey and social expedition. The main task for Janta the scene where the reportage takes place is to find proper characters and convince them of the importance of their story. These are the materials of a reporter – an eyewitness, not a researcher, a report from the scene, which pushes the reader to an independent conclusion. We explore that all the Janta-Polczynski texts are inextricably linked by looking into the «middle» of the process: the diversity of what is seen allows the journalist to look for differences and similarities, compare, look at the fundamental components, track changes and distinguish them. Special attention was paid to a low-angle shot in his materials. He describes how Soviet society lives, how factories work, how the system of educating a Soviet person, goes to the movies and exhibitions, communicates with ordinary citizens. Undoubtedly, all this is successfully complemented by the factual detail and uniqueness of the author’s style.
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9

Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. The Unmaking of the Black Blue-Collar Middle Class. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp159.

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In the decade after the Civil Rights Act of 1964, African Americans made historic gains in accessing employment opportunities in racially integrated workplaces in U.S. business firms and government agencies. In the previous working papers in this series, we have shown that in the 1960s and 1970s, Blacks without college degrees were gaining access to the American middle class by moving into well-paid unionized jobs in capital-intensive mass production industries. At that time, major U.S. companies paid these blue-collar workers middle-class wages, offered stable employment, and provided employees with health and retirement benefits. Of particular importance to Blacks was the opening up to them of unionized semiskilled operative and skilled craft jobs, for which in a number of industries, and particularly those in the automobile and electronic manufacturing sectors, there was strong demand. In addition, by the end of the 1970s, buoyed by affirmative action and the growth of public-service employment, Blacks were experiencing upward mobility through employment in government agencies at local, state, and federal levels as well as in civil-society organizations, largely funded by government, to operate social and community development programs aimed at urban areas where Blacks lived. By the end of the 1970s, there was an emergent blue-collar Black middle class in the United States. Most of these workers had no more than high-school educations but had sufficient earnings and benefits to provide their families with economic security, including realistic expectations that their children would have the opportunity to move up the economic ladder to join the ranks of the college-educated white-collar middle class. That is what had happened for whites in the post-World War II decades, and given the momentum provided by the dominant position of the United States in global manufacturing and the nation’s equal employment opportunity legislation, there was every reason to believe that Blacks would experience intergenerational upward mobility along a similar education-and-employment career path. That did not happen. Overall, the 1980s and 1990s were decades of economic growth in the United States. For the emerging blue-collar Black middle class, however, the experience was of job loss, economic insecurity, and downward mobility. As the twentieth century ended and the twenty-first century began, moreover, it became apparent that this downward spiral was not confined to Blacks. Whites with only high-school educations also saw their blue-collar employment opportunities disappear, accompanied by lower wages, fewer benefits, and less security for those who continued to find employment in these jobs. The distress experienced by white Americans with the decline of the blue-collar middle class follows the downward trajectory that has adversely affected the socioeconomic positions of the much more vulnerable blue-collar Black middle class from the early 1980s. In this paper, we document when, how, and why the unmaking of the blue-collar Black middle class occurred and intergenerational upward mobility of Blacks to the college-educated middle class was stifled. We focus on blue-collar layoffs and manufacturing-plant closings in an important sector for Black employment, the automobile industry from the early 1980s. We then document the adverse impact on Blacks that has occurred in government-sector employment in a financialized economy in which the dominant ideology is that concentration of income among the richest households promotes productive investment, with government spending only impeding that objective. Reduction of taxes primarily on the wealthy and the corporate sector, the ascendancy of political and economic beliefs that celebrate the efficiency and dynamism of “free market” business enterprise, and the denigration of the idea that government can solve social problems all combined to shrink government budgets, diminish regulatory enforcement, and scuttle initiatives that previously provided greater opportunity for African Americans in the government and civil-society sectors.
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10

Viguri, Sofía, Sandra López Tovar, Mariel Juárez Olvera, and Gloria Visconti. Analysis of External Climate Finance Access and Implementation: CIF, FCPF, GCF and GEF Projects and Programs by the Inter-American Development Bank. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003008.

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In response to the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the IDB Group Board of Governors endorsed the target of increasing climate-related financing in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) from 15% in 2015 to 30% of the IDB Groups combined total approvals by 2020. Currently, the IDB Group is on track to meet this commitment, as in 2018, it financed nearly US$5 billion in climate-change-related activities benefiting LAC, which accounted for 27% of total IDB Groups annual approvals. In 2019, the overall volume and proportion of climate finance in new IDBG approvals have increased to 29%. As the IDB continues to strive towards this goal by using its funds to ramp-up climate action, it also acknowledges that tackling climate change is an objective shared with the rest of the international community. For the past ten years, strategic partnerships have been forged with external sources of finance that are also looking to invest in low-carbon and climate-resilient development. Doing this has contributed to the Banks objective of mobilizing additional resources for climate action while also strengthening its position as a leading partner to accelerate climate innovation in many fields. From climate-smart technologies and resilient infrastructure to institutional reform and financial mechanisms, IDB's use of external sources of finance is helping countries in LAC advance toward meeting their international climate change commitments. This report collects a series of insights and lessons learned by the IDB in the preparation and implementation of projects with climate finance from four external sources: the Climate Investment Funds (CIF), the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), the Green Climate Fund (GCF) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF). It includes a systematic revision of their design and their progress on delivery, an assessment of broader impacts (scale-up, replication, and contributions to transformational change/paradigm shift), and a set of recommendations to optimize the access and use of these funds in future rounds of climate investment. The insights and lessons learned collected in this publication can inform the design of short and medium-term actions that support “green recovery” through the mobilization of investments that promote decarbonization.
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