Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sermons pour le nouvel an'
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Bui, Ngoc-Quynh. "Nouvel additif pour l'activation de catalyseurs d'hydrotraitement régénérés." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10184.
Full textThe objective of this study is to improve the activation of regenerated CoMo/Al2O3 hydrotreating catalysts through the use of a novel organic additive, maleic acid. The regeneration process allows to re-use hydrotreating catalysts that have been deactivated leading to the removal of carbon impurities and to the redispersion of the active at the catalyst surface. However, using this process, the regenerated catalyst cannot recover completely the activity of a fresh catalyst. The use of organic additives during the preparation of regenerated catalysts can improve the final catalytic activity. In this work, the influence of maleic acid has been studied at each step of the activation procedure of a regenerated hydrotreating catalyst. At the oxide state, maleic acid does not influence the formation of cobalt aluminate while after maturation at 30°C, this additive can consume the CoMoO4 phase known to be detrimental to the activity. This disappearance of the CoMoO4 phase is accompanied by the formation of cobalt maleate. Complementary studies based on the extraction of oxide species through the interaction of the regenerated catalyst with maleic acid in aqueous solution also evidence the redispersion of molybdenum as AlMo6 Anderson salt species. This redispersion allows to rapidly sulphide molybdenum as soon as 150°C while cobalt is progressively sulphided before the maleate decomposition. The complete decomposition of cobalt maleate at 350°C makes cobalt available to interact efficiently with the already formed molybdenum sulphide leading to a high proportion of promoted phase
Laisney, Simon. "Quel style de montage pour le Nouvel Hollywood ?" Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030158.
Full textIn 1967, under the influence of European art films, Hollywood underwent important changes in the course of the 1960s : « Old Hollywood » was taken over by a « New Hollywood ». This process of renewal of American cinema, which has been symbolically launched by Arthur Penn’s Bonnie and Clyde and Mike Nichols’ The Graduate, is due, it has been said, to the arrival of a new – mostly film-school educated – generation of filmmakers, such as Francis Ford Coppola, Brian De Palma,George Lucas, William Friedkin, Michael Cimino, Martin Scorsese, Robert Altman, Bob Rafelson or Hal Ashby. It is also due to the arrival of a new generation of film editors who did not fear to challenge the doctrine of classical Hollywood editing and break the established rules in order to take a chance and try new ways of telling a story. These films editors are, amongst others, Dede Allen, Walter Murch, Sam O’Steen, Verna Fields, Alan Heim, Paul Hirsch, Robert C. Jones, Richard Marks, or Ralph Rosenblum. Our thesis examines the share of responsability, on both a collective and individual level, of this new generation of film editors in this process of renewal of American cinema in the 1960s and 1970’s. Its goal is, more generally, to determine and appreciate this new editing style, realize its importance and its influence on the Hollywood Renaissance style, as well as the wide range of its innovations
Mazoyer, Jérôme Bernard Francois. "Un nouvel actuateur électrodynamique pour le microscope à effet tunnel." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2001.
Find full textAhmed, Fareed. "Un nouvel a priori de formes pour les contours actifs." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR4008/document.
Full textActive contours are widely used for image segmentation. There are many implementations of active contours. The greedy algorithm is being regarded as one of the fastest and stable implementations. No matter which implementation is being employed, the segmentation results suffer greatly in the presence of occlusion, context noise, concavities or abnormal deformation of shape. If some prior knowledge about the shape of the object is available, then its addition to an existing model can greatly improve the segmentation results. In this thesis inclusion of such shape constraints for explicit active contours is being implemented. These shape priors are introduced through the use of robust Fourier based descriptors which makes them invariant to the translation, scaling and rotation factors and enables the deformable model to converge towards the prior shape even in the presence of occlusion and contextual noise. Unlike most existing methods which compare the reference shape and evolving contour in the spatial domain by applying the inverse transforms, our proposed method realizes such comparisons entirely in the descriptor space. This not only decreases the computational time but also allows our method to be independent of the number of control points chosen for the description of the active contour. This formulation however, may introduce certain anomalies in the phase of the descriptors which affects the rotation invariance. This problem has been solved by an original algorithm. Experimental results clearly indicate that the inclusion of these shape priors significantly improved the segmentation results of the active contour model being used
Huang, Yushan. "Pour un nouvel enseignement du Français langue étrangère en Chine." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030088.
Full textThe thesis evokes the cultural exchanges between the east and the west in order to display the narrow connections between the culture and the language. The thesis emphasizes the reflections of a new fle teaching in china that consist the following points: the putting of question of french teaching centred on the teachers, the investigation of the new fle teaching centred on the leaners, the formation of the leaner's language's competence and communicative competence, the creation of a new relation between the teacher and leaner, and the valuation of the communicative competence. The thesis advances a structural-functional approach that searches for the combination of the structural method and communicative and cognitive method
Mazoyer, Jérôme. "Un nouvel actuateur électrodynamique pour le microscope à effet tunnel." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2001. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1115.
Full textKhoder, Jihan. "Nouvel Algorithme pour la Réduction de la Dimensionnalité en Imagerie Hyperspectrale." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00939018.
Full textThirion, Frédéric-Gérard. "Proposition pour un nouvel acte médical alliant l'art et la science." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601523n.
Full textDebaene, François Winssinger Nicolas. "Micropuces à petites molécules nouvel outil protéomique pour profiler l'activité enzymatique /." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2007. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/786/01/debaene2007.pdf.
Full textPrades, Floran. "Nouvel activateur solide de catalyseurs organométalliques pour la polymérisation des oléfines." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10002.
Full textThe aim of this work is the synthesis and use of a new solid activator for organometallic olefin polymerization catalysts. Single-site catalysts are breakthroughs in terms of activity and tailor-made structures that cannot be made by using conventional Ziegler-Natta catalysts. However, such products are not fully exploited on an industrial scale. In order for their full potential to be realized, metallocene and post-metallocene complexes must be heterogenised in order to use them in commercial, environmentally friendly processes such as bulk-monomer or gas-phase processes – already used for Phillips and Ziegler-Natta polymerization. The way chosen to synthesize the solid activator is not to heterogenise a soluble activator on a carrier, but rather to transform a carrier into an activator for these complexes. This activator has been tested in polymerization with metallocenes and other single-site catalysts. The polymerization activities are either equal to, or higher than activities found for equivalent solution polymerizations using the same catalysts. The polymers keep their properties and have a regular, spherical morphology
Rosso, Laurent. "Modélisation et microbiologie prévisionnelle : élaboration d'un nouvel outil pour l'agro-alimentaire." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10197.
Full textViennet, Rémy. "Un nouvel outil de planification expérimentale pour l'optimisation multicritère de procédés." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/INPL_T_1997_VIENNET_R.pdf.
Full textKhoder, Jihan Fawaz. "Nouvel algorithme pour la réduction de la dimensionnalité en imagerie hyperspectrale." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VERS0037.
Full textIn hyperspectral imaging, the volumes of data acquired often reach the gigabyte for a single scene observed. Therefore, the analysis of these data complex physical content must go with a preliminary step of dimensionality reduction. Therefore, the analyses of these data of physical content complex go preliminary with a step of dimensionality reduction. This reduction has two objectives, the first is to reduce redundancy and the second facilitates post-treatment (extraction, classification and recognition) and therefore the interpretation of the data. Automatic classification is an important step in the process of knowledge extraction from data. It aims to discover the intrinsic structure of a set of objects by forming groups that share similar characteristics. In this thesis, we focus on dimensionality reduction in the context of unsupervised classification of spectral bands. Different approaches exist, such as those based on projection (linear or nonlinear) of high-dimensional data in a representation subspaces or on the techniques of selection of spectral bands exploiting of the criteria of complementarity-redundant information do not allow to preserve the wealth of information provided by this type of data
Matous, Etienne. "Développement d'une Affitin anti-CD138 comme nouvel outil pour l'imagerie phénotypique." Nantes, 2014. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=292bd25e-f4c5-4c09-a6b7-415e1d187fbe.
Full textPhenotypic imaging in oncology is booming. Our team used an original strategy to identify a new class of artificial affinity proteins, the Affitins. These are variants of Sac7d, derived from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. These proteins are small(7kDa), soluble and have very hight termal and chemical stabilities. Several studies have led to the isolation of high affinity Affitins against different bacterial and human proteins. In addition, these proteins can be produced with a high level of expression in E. Coli. Therefore, Affitins offer attractive properties for use in phenotypic imaging as alternative to antibodies. Using ribosome display, we selected Affitins against a recombinant form of human CD138 (syndecan-l). This transmembrane protein is expressed in many tumors and its targeting is of real interest for therapy or imaging of multiple myeloma. Screening of selected clones by flow cytometry allowed us to isolate several Affitins with nanomolar affinities. Biodistribution of a radiolabeled Affitin showed a biological half-life suitable for the use of these proteins for the vectorization of radionuclides with short half-lives often used in nuclear imaging. Furthermore, we demonstrated in a subcutaneous mouse model of multiple myeloma that the anti-CD138 Affitin A872 is able to bind specifically to the tumor without accumulation in peripheral organs such as the liver or kidneys
Martel, Bruno. "CRISPR-Cas : un nouvel outil pour l'étude des génomes de bactériophages." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25506.
Full textBacteriophages are now widely recognized as major players in a wide variety of ecosystems. Novel genes are often identified in newly isolated phages as well as in environmental metavirome studies. Most of these novel viral genes have unknown functions but appear to be coding for small, non-structural proteins. To understand their biological role, very efficient genetic tools are required to modify them, especially in the genome of virulent phages. For this MSc project, specific point mutations and large deletions can be engineered in the genome of the virulent phage 2972 using the Streptococcus thermophilus CRISPR-Cas Type II-A. Furthermore, the CRISPR-Cas engineering system can be used to efficiently introduce a functional methyltransferase gene into a virulent phage genome. Finally, synthetic CRISPR bacteriophage insensitive mutants were constructed by cloning a spacer-repeat unit in a low copy vector illustrating the possibility to target multiple regions of the phage genome.
Bedrat, Amina. "G4-Hunter : un nouvel algorithme pour la prédiction des G-quadruplexes." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0197/document.
Full textBiologically relevant G4 DNA structures are formed throughout the genome including immunoglobulin switch regions, promoter sequences and telomeric repeats. They can arise when single-stranded G-rich DNA or RNA sequences are exposed during replication, transcription or recombination. Computational analysis using predictive algorithms suggests that the human genome contains approximately 370 000 potential G4-forming sequences. These predictions are generally limited to the standard G3+N(1−7)G3+N(1−7)G3+N(1−7)G3+ description. However, many stable G4s defy this description and escape this consensus; this is the reason why broadening this description should allow the prediction of more G4 loci. We propose an objective score function, G4- hunter, which predicts G4 folding propensity from a linear nucleic acid sequence. The new method focus on guanines clusters and GC asymmetry, taking into account the whole genomic region rather than individual quadruplexes sequences. In parallel with this computational technique, a large scale in vitro experimental work has also been developed to validate the performance of our algorithm in silico on one hundred of different sequences. G4- hunter exhibits unprecedented accuracy and sensitivity and leads us to reevaluate significantly the number of G4-prone sequences in the human genome. G4-hunter also allowed us to predict potential G4 sequences in HIV and Dictyostelium discoideum, which could not be identified by previous computational methods
Sabir-Bagag, Aïcha Laprévote Olivier. "Photoionisation et spectrométrie de masse un nouvel outil pour l'identification de biomolécules /." S. l. : Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/theses/2008/2008EVRY0041.pdf.
Full textZnidarcic, Anton. "Un nouvel algoritme pour la simulation DNS et LES des ecoulements cavitants." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0056/document.
Full textCavitation-turbulence interactions are problematic aspect of cavitating flows which imposes limitations in development of better cavitation and turbulence models. DNS simulations with homogeneous mixture approach are proposed to overcome this and offer more insight into the phenomena. As DNS simulations are highly demanding and a variety of cavitation models exists, a tool devoted specifically to them is needed. Such tools usually demand application of highly accurate discretization schemes, direct solvers and multi domain methods enabling good scaling of the codes. As typical cavitating flow geometries impose limits on suitable discretization methods, compact finite differences offer the most appropriate discretization tool. The need for fast solvers and good code scalability leads to request for an algorithm, capable of stable and accurate cavitating flow simulations where solved systems feature multiplication of implicitly treated variables only by constant coefficients. A novel algorithm with such ability was developed in the scope of this work using Concus and Golub method introduced into projection methods, through which the governing equations for homogeneous mixture modeling of cavitating flows can be resolved. Work also proposes an effective and new approach for verification of the new and existing algorithms on the basis of Method of Manufactured Solutions
Sabir-Bagag, Aïcha. "Photoionisation et spectrométrie de masse : un nouvel outil pour l'identification de biomolécules." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EVRY0041/document.
Full textMy PhD’s work has been completely dedicated to develop new ionization source in mass spectrometry: the atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI). This work is developed on two main areas. On the one hand, it aims to apply this method to new family of biomolecules. On the other hand, we report a comprehensive study on the ionization mechanisms in APPI. The first part of this manuscript offers a better understanding of the behaviour of the biological molecules under VUV radiation and atmospheric pressure. Indeed, we were able to say that polar and high molecular weight biomolecules could be easily photoionizable. Moreover, this work allows studying the effect of the medium (solvent) on the photoionization mechanism to be studied. It is possible to control the orientation of the observed reactions and to choose a particular type of molecular ion. We observed extensive and peculiar fragmentations which have never been detected with classical ionization techniques. The originality and innovative approach of this experience led us to transfer it to a UV beamline of the Synchrotron SOLEIL. Using an accordable source will certainly enhance the versatility of the ion source
Bilak, Hana. "DmMyD88, un nouvel élément pour l'étude des récepteurs Toll de la drosophile." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/BILAK_Hana_2004.pdf.
Full textYahouni, Zakaria. "Le meilleur des cas pour l’ordonnancement de groupes : Un nouvel indicateur proactif-réactif pour l’ordonnancement sous incertitudes." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDN0010/document.
Full textThis thesis represents a study of a new decision-aid criterion for manufacturing scheduling under uncertainties. The contributions made in this work relate to the groups of permutable operations context. This approach consists of proposing a flexible scheduling solution characterizing a non-enumerated and finite set of schedules. An operator is then supposed to select the appropriate schedule that best copes with the disturbances occurred on the shop floor. We focus particularly on this selection phase and we emphasize the important of the human for decision making. First, we present the best-case; a decision-aid criterion for computing the best schedule characterized by the groups of permutable operations method. We propose lower bounds for computing the best starting/completion time of operations. These lower bounds are then implemented in a branch and bound procedure in order to compute the best-case. Through to several simulations carried out on literature benchmark instances, we stress the usefulness of such criterion in a decision-aid system. Finally, we propose a Human-Machine-Interface (HMI) adapted to the groups of permutable operations and driven by a multi-criteria decision-aid system. The implementation results of this HMI on a real case study provided some insight about the practice of decision-making and scheduling under uncertainties
Bartkó, Janós Bériou Nicole. "Un instrument de travail dominicain pour les prédicateurs du XIII siècle." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2003. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2003/bartko_j.
Full textMaurel, Christophe. "Mirage, un nouvel outil de développement pour la réalité virtuelle sous X Windows." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0035/MQ38695.pdf.
Full textBoisse, Philippe. "Nouvel algorithme à grand increment de temps pour le calcul des structures élastoplastiques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376030859.
Full textMaillard, Elisa Pinget Michel Krafft Marie-Pierre. "Les perfluorocarbures, un nouvel outil pour la conservation des îlots pancréatiques in vitro." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/00000998.
Full textBrancy, Jean-Yves. "Romain Rolland, un nouvel humanisme pour le XXe siècle : regard sur l'oeuvre épistolaire." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20015.
Full textDuring his lifetime, Romain Rolland (1866-1944) was considered to be a guide for humanity, a moral reference. The French writer wanted to put the Spirit at the service of the cause of mankind in order to enlighten it during its long and difficult progress. His thought embraced several continents, several sources of civilization with a single question at its center: how to lead humanity from its primitive prison, the source of so many evils of man here on earth. The goal of this thesis is to seek and study the forms of this humanism in the epistolary work of Romain Rolland. Is it possible to trace this ideal in his abundant correspondence ? His relationship with personalities as emblematic as Gandhi, Gorki, Tagore or Zweig - to mention but those who are most well known - opens to the scholar vast areas of investigation. Rolland's approach conforms to the continuity of those searchers for the absolute, in whose thought the physical world about us is, however, not a separate entity. Everything around Rolland supported his task, this mission that he had proposed in his youth and which assumed concrete expression in his literary works. His message was imbued with the spirit of modernity, but then why did it sink into oblivion a few generations later ?
Boisse, Philippe. "Nouvel algorithme à grand incrément de temps pour le calcul des structures élastoplastiques." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066038.
Full textTeissandier, Denis. "L'union pondérée d'espaces de liberté : un nouvel outil pour la cotation fonctionnelle tridimensionnelle." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10665.
Full textMaillard, Elisa. "Les perfluorocarbures, un nouvel outil pour la conservation des îlots pancréatiques in vitro." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2007/MAILLARD_Elisa_2007.pdf.
Full textIslet transplantation proved a viable route to insulin independence for type 1 diabetic subjects. However, hypoxia enhances an important loss of pancreatic islets in culture. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) serve also as oxygen "reservoirs" for harvested organs in pancreas organ transplantation. The aim of this work was to study effect of PFCs emulsions on β cells lines and on pancreatic islets in vitro. PFCs emulsion was not toxic but decreased cellular adhesion and enhanced cells detachment which triggered to pseudo-islets formation. Validation of PFCs emulsions on rat pancreatic islets also showed an anti-adhesive effect. Moreover, PFCs emulsions protected islets from an irreversible interstitial fibrosis in islets control linked to hypoxia. Consequently, PFCs emulsions preserved islets functionality for at least 5 days in vitro. Taken together, these data suggest that PFCs emulsions could be a new tool to preserve islets in vitro and would be very useful regarding islets transplantation
Minguy, Piechocki Audrey. "Nouvel échantillonneur passif pour la mesure de l'exposition des personnes au dioxyde d'azote." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-15.pdf.
Full textJourdon, Alexandre. "Prss56Cre, un nouvel outil pour l'étude de la neurogenèse adulte chez la souris." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066082/document.
Full textThe Prss56 gene encodes a serine protease involved in eye pathologies and development in humans. Prss56 expression pattern and function in the rest of the central nervous system were however unknown. Here, I used a knock-in allele in the mouse, Prss56Cre, carrying a Cre recombinase insertion in the locus, to establish the pattern of expression of the gene and to trace the derivatives of Prss56-expressing cells. I found that, in the adult mouse, Prss56 is specifically expressed in three neurogenic niches: the dentate gyrus (DG), the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the hypothalamus ventricular zone (HVZ). In the prospective DG, Prss56 is expressed during embryogenesis in a subpopulation of radial glia. Consistently, the pattern of migration and differentiation of traced cells during development recapitulates the successive steps of DG neurogenesis, including the formation of a subpopulation of adult neural stem cells (aNSC). In the SVZ, Prss56 is expressed after birth in a subpopulation of aNSC mainly localized in the medial-ventral region of the lateral wall. This subpopulation preferentially gives rise to deep granule and calbindin-positive periglomerular cells in the olfactory bulb. Finally, Prss56 is also expressed in a subpopulation of alpha2-tanycytes, potential aNSC of the adult HVZ. My observations reveal that some traced tanycytes translocate their soma into the parenchyma and might give rise to a novel cell type in this territory. In conclusion, this study establishes the Prss56Cre line as a novel and efficient tool to study various aspects of adult neurogenesis in the mouse
Helfen, Arnaud. "Elaboration et caractérisation d'un nouvel électrolyte solide pour les piles à combustible : δ-Bi2O3." Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00351659.
Full textPénin, Aurélie. "Les anisotropies du fond diffus infrarouge : un nouvel outil pour sonder l'évolution des structures." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00681709.
Full textPenin, Aurelie. "Les anisotropies du fond diffus infrarouge : un nouvel outil pour sonder l'évolution des structures." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112164/document.
Full textThe Cosmic Infrared Background is the contribution of all infrared galaxies integrated on the history of the Universe. It emits between 8 and 1000 um with a peak around 200 um. A large fraction of this background is resolved into sources in the near infrared but only a tiny fraction is in the mid and far infrared because of confusion. The least luminous sources are lost in the confusion noise which forms brightness fluctuations, the anisotropies of the cosmic infrared background. The study of these fluctuations enables the study of the galaxies below the detection threshold, thus the less luminous galaxies. Thanks to the power spectrum we can measure the power contained in these fluctuations as a function of the scale. This measure contains, among others, the clustering of the infrared galaxies. First, I have isolated from the power spectrum of an infrared map, the power spectrum only due to infrared galaxies. Indeed, at large spatial scales, it is contaminated by the emission of Galactic cirrus. These cirrus are clouds of neutral hydrogen traced by the 21 cm line. Therefore, I made use of data at 21 cm to estimate the infrared emission of these cirrus that I have then subtracted from infrared maps at 100 and 160 um.This has also enabled me to compute the absolute level of the cosmic infrared background at these wavelengths. In order to analyse these power spectra, I developped a model of clustering of infrared galaxies. To do so I linked a model of evolution of galaxies that reproduces very well existing data including those of Herschel and a halo model. This is a fully parametric model that enables the study of the degeneracies of these parameters. I was also able to study the evolution with the wavelength of several physical measures. Furthermore, I fitted data from 100 um to 1380 um. Thanks to that model, I can determine the redshift distribution at each wavelength. Short wavelength probe small redshifts whereas long wavelength probe high redshifts. However the contribution of small redshift is far from being negligeable at long wavelength. As a long term purpose of determining the evolution of the clustering if the infrared galaxies, maps of the anisotropies of the cosmic infrared background are needed. I will then detail a component separation method dedicated to this problem
Helfen, Arnaud. "Élaboration et caractérisation d'un nouvel électrolyte solide pour les piles à combustible : δ-Bi2O3." Marne-la-Vallée, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00351659.
Full textWith an aim of finding a new electrolyte for the SOFC functioning at lower temperatures, we were interested in the new electrochemical synthesis of the delta phase of bismuth oxide. δ-Bi2O3 is a well-know high oxide-ion conducting material, but its narrow temperature range of stability, 729-825°C, had limited its application. The electrochemical method suggested by Switzer et al. Enables to stabilize this phase at room temperature. The study of δ-Bi2O3 becomes interesting again for an application such as solid electrolyte in full cell. Firstly, the influence of the electrochemical synthesis parameters of the δ-Bi2O3 thin layers was studied. It was deduced that a temperature of more than 50°C was necessary and that the optimal temperature deposition was 65°C. The bath pH value must be higher than 14. The current density, during the electrodeposition, was about 2. 25 and 3 mA/cm2. Using the XRD and TEM, the polycristalline structure of δ-Bi2O3 was confirmed. Both XRD measurements and TEM observations indicated an existence of a grain size of about 100 nm in these films. HRTEM images revealed nanocrystallites 10-20 nm in size. Their nanocrystalline natures stabilize the δ-Bi2O3 at room temperature. Using the EQCM, we have shown that the thickness of electrodeposited -Bi2O3 could not exceed 2 µm. Our stability study shown that the electrodeposited δ-Bi2O3 films exhibit a high long-time stability and that the δ-Bi2O3 keeps its fcc structure up to an annealing temperature of 340°C, above which it transforms into the sillenite structure. We have shown also that it is possible to make single crystalline nanowires of δ-Bi2O3, but the optimal conditions of electrodeposition synthesis were not determined. Lastly, the first measurements of conductivity were carried out. The preliminary results shown an ionic behaviour of our deposits, but we have some preoccupations for the reproducibility
TOUMBI, ANDRE ADRIAN. "Les evolutions en europe de l'est : constat et conditions pour un nouvel ordre international?" Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA111001.
Full textPivot of the international relations in days following the second world war, east-west system, aflter the overtuming arrival in east europe, under gorbatchev's impluse, gradually get out of shape, break up, without disappearing, and by lifting up others doubts. Two questions subtend this argument : does the new soviet coception break off radically with the ideological usual base of the soviet foreing policy, or does it make up a superficial revision? the expression of new international order isn't it a formal innovation in a diplomatic vocabulary, or it indicate a new conception of the relations and the international institutes, notification by a systematic change of the growth and the development in tjhe world?
Sanglier, Sarah. "La Spectrométrie de masse : Un nouvel outil pour l'étude des interactions faibles en Biologie." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13122.
Full textIn the decade, mass spectrometric approaches have spread out. It has particularly been shown that this technique is able to transfer biological noncovalent complexes from solution to gas phase, without destruction of the weak interactions preformed in solution. Electrospray ionization enables both the introduction of the sample in solution, and the preservation of the weak interactions that preexist in solution during the transfer in the gas phase, by carefully controlling the interface conditions of the mass spectrometer. The study of biological noncovalent assemblies is in great progress : the so-called supramolecular mass spectrometry, in opposite to molecular mass spectrometry for which the instrument is optimized to disrupt all noncovalent interactions, has emerged. The aim of this thesis was to extend the possibilities of supramolecular mass spectrometry in biology. It consisted in the development of experimental strategies in order to answer to several specific biological problems, and especially :to develop a novel approach based on supramolecular mass spectrometry for a systematic study of specific protein/ligand interactions. Indeed, nowadays, a great number of proteins, which are so many potential therapeutic targets, can be produced, but their function is often unknown. A new approach based on supramolecular mass spectrometry has been developed to identify ligands of orphan proteins and, thus, has helped to reach their function. To characterize multiproteic noncovalent complexes of high molecular weights, up to several millions of Daltons. These preliminary studies enable the use of supramolecular mass spectrometry for analyses and characterization of large noncovalent edifices, especially to reach the studies of the complexome
Leblanc, Henri. "Concept pour un nouvel ordre stratégique : les forces d'action rapide, du nécessaire à l'indispensable." Grenoble 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE21030.
Full textThe purpose of this doctoral thesis is to draw the specificity of the rapid action force concept in the strategic thought as welle a sof tis application to the international background. Thus, the interest of the researc is to continuously put back the operational and institutional innovation of the eighties rapid action force(s) withing a long-run evolution of international relations. Througt the evolution of the international systeme, it represents the adaptation operations of the military tool to the strategic context. Highlighted in this way, the rapid action forces concept seems like central in an analysis which takes into accant progressives modifications and breaks up of the strategic world
Dartevelle, Pauline. "La D-cateslytine : un nouvel agent antifongique pour le traitement de la candidose buccale." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAE004.
Full textThe excessive use of antifungal agents, compounded by the shortage of new drugs being introduced into the market, is causing the accumulation of multi-resistance phenotypes in many fungal strains. Consequently, new alternative molecules to conventional antifungal agents are urgently needed to prevent the emergence of fungal resistance. In this context, Cateslytin (CTL), a natural peptide derived from the processing of Chromogranin A, has already been described as an effective antimicrobial agent against several pathogens including Candida albicans. In the present study, we compared the antimicrobial activity of two conformations of CTL, L-CTL and D-CTL against various strains of Candida. Our results show that D-CTL was the most efficient and safe antifungal agent. Moreover, in contrast to L-CTL,D-CTL was not degraded by proteases secreted by Candida albicans and was also stable in saliva. Using video-microscopy, we also demonstrated that D-CTL can rapidly enter Candida albicans, but is unable to spread within a yeast colony unless from a mother cell to a daughter cell during cellular division. Besides, transmission electron microscopy illustrated the permeabilization of the fungal membrane induced by both peptides. Finally, we revealed that the antifungal activity of D-CTL could be synergized by voriconazole, an antifungal of reference in the treatment of Candida related infections. In conclusion, D-CTL can be considered as an effective, safe and stable antifungal and could be used alone or in a combination therapy with voriconazole to treat Candida associated infections including oral candidosis
Caumont, Anne. "La levure Saccharomyces cerevisiae, un nouvel outil pour l'étude de l'intégrase de VIH-1, et pour la sélection d'inhibiteurs spécifiques." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR28664.
Full textCourcel, Antoine de. "L'exploitation du polymorphisme moléculaire de l'ADN : un nouvel outil pour la sélection des espèces potagères." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112059.
Full textValero, Silvia. "Arbre de partition binaire : Un nouvel outil pour la représentation hiérarchique et l'analyse des images hyperspectrales." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00796108.
Full textNadeau, Christian. "Développement d'un nouvel auxiliaire chiral sur support solide pour la préparation stéréosélective de centres chiraux tertiaires." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2003.
Find full textValero, Valbuena Silvia. "Arbre de partition binaire : un nouvel outil pour la représentation hiérarchique et l’analyse des images hyperspectrales." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENT123/document.
Full textThe optimal exploitation of the information provided by hyperspectral images requires the development of advanced image processing tools. Therefore, under the title Hyperspectral image representation and Processing with Binary Partition Trees, this PhD thesis proposes the construction and the processing of a new region-based hierarchical hyperspectral image representation:the Binary Partition Tree (BPT). This hierarchical region-based representation can be interpretedas a set of hierarchical regions stored in a tree structure. Hence, the Binary Partition Tree succeedsin presenting: (i) the decomposition of the image in terms of coherent regions and (ii) the inclusionrelations of the regions in the scene. Based on region-merging techniques, the construction of BPTis investigated in this work by studying hyperspectral region models and the associated similaritymetrics. As a matter of fact, the very high dimensionality and the complexity of the data require the definition of specific region models and similarity measures. Once the BPT is constructed, the fixed tree structure allows implementing efficient and advanced application-dependent techniqueson it. The application-dependent processing of BPT is generally implemented through aspecific pruning of the tree. Accordingly, some pruning techniques are proposed and discussed according to different applications. This Ph.D is focused in particular on segmentation, object detectionand classification of hyperspectral imagery. Experimental results on various hyperspectraldata sets demonstrate the interest and the good performances of the BPT representation
Nauleau, Pascale. "Utilisation d'un nouvel agent anesthésique halogène (desflurane) pour l'anesthésie de longue durée - Evaluation du réveil précoce." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR23077.
Full textOuaret, Djamila. "L'enzastaurine, un nouvel inhibiteur sélectif de la protéine kinase Cβ pour le traitement des cancers colorectaux." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066734.
Full textMeichenin, Marc. "L'antigène Tk : un nouvel antigène glycannique associé aux fumeurs, cible potentielle pour l'immunothérapie des cancers coliques." Nantes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NANT18VS.
Full textBin, Kamarul Azman Muhammad Haziq. "Nouvel outil de localisation pré-interventionnelle du flutter auriculaire pour l'amélioration de l'efficacité de l'ablation radiofréquence." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4079.
Full textPrevalence of atrial flutter (AFL) is predicted to increase in the coming years. AFL involves a rapid and regular activation of the atrium due to defects in the activation propagation, and predisposes to life-threatening conditions. Radiofrequency catheter ablation is a well-known AFL treatment option for its efficiency. Yet procedural efficacy is rather poor due to poor amounts and quality of information on right or left AFL localization available before invasive procedure. This memoir shows how to exploit the variability of AFL on the electrocardiogram (ECG) to localize AFL circuits non-invasively. Two original complimentary methodologies were developed based on (1) beat-to-beat serial vectorcardiographic (VCG) loop analysis, and (2) recurrence quantification analysis. For this to work, novel processing methods were developed for (a) flutter wave detection using likelihood-ratio tests, (b) correction of T wave overlaps using polynomial splines and respiratory motion using improved classical estimators, and (c) transformation into VCG using an optimized transform. Machine learning techniques such as feature selection and an original cross-validation approach were employed to induce practical linear binary classifiers with good localization performance without classifier overfitting. Furthermore, it was shown that variability of flutter waves are likely related to the circuit and not to sources of distortion such as respiratory motion or T wave. Relevant features allowed insight into the pathology, and showed that right AFL was much slower and more variable than left AFL
Wary, Marc. "Développement d'un nouvel alliage de brasage sans plomb pour des applications à haute température en microélectronique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAE000.
Full textMainly used as electronic solders, lead and lead containing materials are considered to be a major threat to human health and environment. Recent EU directive RoHS has established the maximum concentration at 0.1%. However, there is a lack of substitutes for PbSnAg alloy for high-operating temperature applications in the electronics industry so that this PhD aims at developing one possible reliable substitutional alloy without lead considering reflow soldering. Several alloys with different chemical compositions were selected based on literature and thermodynamic calculations using Thermo-Calc. They were then elaborated and characterized through microstructure as well as physical-chemical, electrical and mechanical properties: one them was finally preserved but its low thermal conductivity obliged us to add reinforcements with high conductivity leading to an interesting composite alloy (λ = 61 W.m-1.K-1). Several properties linked to service life and aging still remain to be assessed on industrial assemblies
Tang, Yue. "Catalyse asymétrique en présence de complexes d'or(I) - Un nouvel arsenal pour la construction d'architectures moléculaires." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEC038.
Full textOver the last years, gold catalysis has gained considerable significance in organic synthesis, since it comprises atom-economic and highly efficient processes for the transformation of relatively simple substrates into valuable, highly complex molecular architectures. Despite these outstanding advances, the enantioselective variants have not flourished as fast and remain a highly challenging task. This project intends to address some technological barriers and contribute to fundamental research in the field of asymmetric cycloisomerization and domino reactions implying gold(I) and gold(III) catalytic systems, on a first approach, and highly modular chiral carbenic ligands. The ligands will be based on chiral N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs), as they represent a very effective and robust class of supporting ligands. More specifically, we will focus on the development of highly modular NHC architectures specifically designed to bring the chiral information in close proximity to the metallic center, which represents a key feature for an efficient asymmetric induction in gold catalysis. The target substrates of catalysis will be divided in two main classes, namely the 1,n-enynes and the unsaturated carbonyl/imino derivatives, since their gold(I)- and gold(III)-catalyzed conversion will afford a great molecular complexity. By taking advantage of the different reactivities and catalytic profiles of the NHC-Au(I) and NHC-Au(III) complexes, along with their silver counterparts, this project will allow the elaboration of a complete panel of efficient, general and unprecedented enantioselective catalytic systems towards the preparation of bio-relevant building blocks, precursors of natural products and biologically active molecules