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1
Fortin, Marie-Céline. "Le déséquilibre du pouvoir dans les relations de sexe et la qualité de vie : le cas des femmes immigrantes séropositives de Québec et de Montréal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24418/24418.pdf.
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Stahl, Geoff. "Crisis? what crisis? : Anglophone musicmaking in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19483.
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The relationship of musicmaking to the city is a complicated one as it often takes very specific and complex spatial and social forms. The example of Montreal can be used to illustrate some of the ways in which these forms manifest themselves. By considering the way in which two particular cultural spaces, namely scene and bohemia, emerge in relation to musical activity, this project analyzes the nature of musicmaking and its role in shaping a unique experience of the city. It frames a case study of Montreal musicmaking to explore the ways in which scenes and bohemias are connected to city life. It also considers the way in which a particular image of the city manifests itself through musicmaking. The collective representation of Montreal as a bohemia by anglophone musicmakers works with and through a number of social divisions and cultural distinctions. It is argued that the nature of place-images and mythology in musicmaking is such that they have a profound effect on the sociomusical experience of the city. Montreal is privileged by many anglophone musicmakers as an ideal city in which to be culturally active, as the city's weak economic state is perceived to foster the conditions best suited to a flourishing bohemia. This project examines the relationship of musicmakers to Montreal, using a variety of research methods and theories. Cognitive mapping, diaristic accounts and interviews are utilized to better apprehend how a chosen image of Montreal affects musical practice. The socioeconomic history of Montreal in the latter half of the twentieth century is used to frame an analysis of the emergence of an independent music scene in the city. By exploring a number of relevant factors, this project documents the ways in which musicmaking is structured in relation to the economic, political and social dimensions of Montreal.
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Leung, Ho Hon 1961. "Cultural sensitivity in the context of ethnic polities : a comparison of two families service agencies." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37763.
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This study explores the complex issues in culturally sensitive social services in the context of ethnic polities. We examine the reasons why the social service sector fails to provide equitable services to minorities. We explore the concept of ethnic match, services delivered by ethnic personnel, in an ethnic agency and using ethnic practice, as an attainable solution to the problems, by comparing with a Chinese and a Jewish ethno-specific family service agency in Montreal. The ways they deliver sensitive services to communities members and the challenges they face are documented. The dynamic of the ethnic polities in which these two agencies operate is also examined. We argue the formation and functioning of these agencies are shaped by a set of internal factors (within the communities) and external factors (in Quebec society). Culture plays a vital role in service delivery and help seeking, and also in the organization of these ethnic communities. Policy implications are discussed, and future research is suggested.
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Lewis, Robert D. 1954. "The segregated city : residential differentiation, rent and income in Montreal, 1861-1901." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63246.
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Celemencki, Jacqueline. "Gettin' skooled : how hip-hop culture shapes the identities of urban youth." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112330.
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This thesis examines the ways in which a group of male youths from Montreal interpret the world and construct their identities through the lens of hip-hop. The theoretical framework draws mainly from discussions of youth subcultural theory as articulated by the Center for Cultural Studies in Birmingham, as well as current research on hip-hop culture and youth identities. Using narrative inquiry as a methodological framework, this study highlights how the participants' perceive their neighbourhoods through gangster rap culture, and construct their identities according to these perceptions. This study also reveals how the participants' create original rap lyrics as a self-reflexive tool, and how listening to rap music shapes their linguistic expression.
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Ross, Christopher W. "Identity and language at a multiethnic elementary school : what can be learned in a fifteen-minute interview?" Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83146.
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This qualitative inquiry describes the linguistic perspectives of eighteen grade six students at Ecole Duncan, a multiethnic primary school (grades K-6) located in Park Extension, an inner-city neighbourhood of Montreal. Employing standard tools of ethnographic enquiry, such as interviews and participant observation, I examined the childrens' perception of the interplay of language and identity, and rooted the inquiry within the theoretical framework of social constructivist learning. The key element of the lived experiences of these children that surface in the data is that their perceptions and experiences are largely determined by a sense of belonging and opportunities to participate in the life of their communities. I conceptualize students' language learning as a social practice, and identity as being socially constructed, contradictory, and subject to change over time. Rampton's concepts of expertise, affiliation and inheritance are used in the theoretical framework. The major assumption of this study is that social factors influence children's identities, which has a reciprocal effect upon their language learning. This inquiry has implications for policy makers, educators and families.
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Podmore, Julie. "Loft conversions in a local context : the case of inner city Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26308.
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Montreal serves as an illustration of how loft landscapes outside of Manhattan draw from the landscape discourse of SoHo, but are inscribed with local economic, political and cultural attributes. Two aspects of the reconstruction of loft landscapes are highlighted: the imagery of the loft in the mass media and the role of local residents in interpreting and reconstructing the loft concept in the Montreal rental market. A description of the local impact of economic restructuring on the built environment of the inner city sets the stage for an examination of two groups of residents. The industrial built environment in Montreal suffers from disinvestment and lack of regulation making the rental sector loft a readily available housing choice in the inner city. Undefined and outside of municipal regulations, lofts are domestic spaces in which tenants can construct identities. Artists, who use industrial spaces to combine home and work (Loft Artists) and non-artists, who use appropriate industrial spaces as rental housing (Loft Dwellers) are the two primary groups to occupy these spaces. A comparison between these two groups, their use of space and their identification with the loft concept, makes up the empirical component of the research. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
8
Kowalska, Danuta. "Uncompleted condominiums : a strategy for cost reduction in Montreal housing." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61074.
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Home-ownership is a source of security, sense of belonging and saving accumulation. In the City of Montreal only a quarter of the population own their homes. Despite the fact that the majority of renters wish to become owners, only a small fraction can afford new products of the home-building industry. In this thesis the author proposes to the industry a strategy for cost reduction: uncompleted condominiums, that are the least finished dwelling units legally allowed for living. The proposed design is analyzed from the legal, social, technical and economic points of view. The research is founded on a review of the literature, a market survey and three simulations. It was found that the proposed product might be 26-29% less expensive, than investigated examples, and could be appreciated by childless households.
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Fainella, John G. "Ethnicity and housing adaption : the Italians in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65545.
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Gagné, Esther. "Expériences de membres de communautés culturelles en milieu de travail : étude de cas d'une entreprise." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26270.
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This research is an exploration of the experiences of visible minorities employed by a bank promoting employment equity since 1990. This study is based on a qualitative methodology. To collect the data, twenty-six members of the organization--eighteen visible minorities, four French Canadian and four managers--were interviewed. The analysis of the collected data showed a wide range of experiences within the sample. The promotion issue is the most important. Many respondants want promotions within the organisation and find that their progression is slow. Some respondants acknowledged that their supervisors were prejudiced against them as visible minorities, which they thought could slow down their career prospects. Overall, eleven out of the eighteen visible minorities interviewed believe that their special status has an impact on their experience at the bank. The subtle character of the disadvantage perceived by respondants should be the object of further research.
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Hanna, David B. 1951. "Montreal, a city built by small builders, 1867-1880." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72767.
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Pohlmann, Corinne. "The restructuring of the Montreal tourism industry : a sectoral analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26310.
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Despite its growing importance in industrialized nations, the service sector has received relatively little attention from economic geographers in recent debates over the nature and significance of the current processes of change affecting contemporary capitalism. This lack of attention means that we have little detailed knowledge about how the various industries that comprise the service sector are restructuring their operations and how these processes, in turn, influence broader economic change. This thesis goes some way toward redressing this imbalance by studying the evolving structure of two key sectors of the Montreal tourism industry--hotels and travel agencies.I begin with an overview of past attempts to understand the changing role of the service sector in developed economies. Despite their weaknesses new political economy frameworks are shown to perhaps provide the best starting point for the development of a more 'services informed' approach to understanding current economic change.
In an attempt to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of applying such approaches to the study of services I first review their ability to explain and predict changes currently taking place in the tourism industry as a whole. This is followed by a discussion of the empirical findings of the thesis based on 103 interviews with managers and owners of Montreal hotels and travel agencies. I focus on the following key areas: the evolving competitive environment, changes in corporate organization, the adoption of new technologies and shifts in labour use. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Gutstadt, Pnina. "The adjustment of Israeli immigrant students in Montreal." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ44089.pdf.
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Gagné, Élisabeth. "Le vodou haïtien : un recours aux soins à Montréal." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32564.
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Dans un contexte de globalisation où les flux sont multiples, le vodou, considéré ici comme un système de soins, s’est déplacé à l’extérieur d’Haïti et se retrouve mobilisé au sein d’itinéraires thérapeutiques dans les diasporas. Ce mémoire de maîtrise porte sur la manière dont le vodou se présente et s'inscrit dans des épisodes de maladie vécus par des Haïtiens à Montréal. Pour répondre à nos objectifs qui étaient d’analyser la place du vodou dans des démarches de soins et d’analyser des réponses que donne le vodou aux problèmes de santé des Haïtiens qui le consultent, nous avons conduit une recherche qualitative exploratoire qui s’appuie sur une approche anthropologique. Notre terrain de recherche s’est déroulé dans la communauté haïtienne montréalaise à l’hiver 2015. Afin de comprendre le sujet d’un point de vue émique, nous avons réalisé des entretiens individuels semi-dirigés auprès de onze participants (trois personnes dont le parcours thérapeutique incluait le vodou, deux praticiens vodou et quatre informateurs clés). De même, l’observation a fait partie de nos techniques d’enquête. Nos résultats révèlent que le vodou côtoie plusieurs recours de soins (chamanisme, maraboutage, franc-maçonnerie, églises catholiques et protestantes, biomédecine) dans une recherche de guérison. Il se manifeste sous diverses formes visuelles autant dans des espaces collectifs que privés. Il s’avère être un choix dans des contextes hétérogènes desquels il est difficile de tirer des généralisations; les motifs de sollicitation du vodou, le moment, la durée de fréquentation d'un praticien vodou et la fréquence sont variables. La mobilisation du vodou dans un épisode de maladie repose sur un modèle explicatif de la maladie qui réfère à une vision du monde distincte. La logique d’agression (mauvais sorts) a dominé l’interprétation co-construite des souffrances témoignées dans notre étude. Les réponses discursives et pratiques partagées dans cette recherche mettent de l’avant le caractère soignant, préventif et thérapeutique du vodou.In a context of globalization where flows are multiple, vodou, considered here as a system of care, has moved outside Haiti and is mobilized in therapeutic routes in the diasporas. This master thesis focuses on how vodou presents itself and fits into episodes of illness lived by Haitians in Montreal. To meet our objectives, which were to analyze the place of vodou in the care process and to analyze the answers given by the vodou to the health problems of the Haitians who consult it, we conducted an exploratory qualitative research that builds on an anthropological approach. Our research field took place in the Montreal Haitian community in the winter of 2015. To understand the subject from an emic point of view, we conducted semi-directed individual interviews with eleven participants (three people including vodou in their therapeutic journey, two vodou practitioners and four key informants). Observation was also part of our investigation techniques. Our results reveal that vodou alongside several care resources (shamanism, maraboutage, Freemason, Catholic and Protestant churches, biomedicine) in a healing research. It manifests itself in various visual forms in both collective and private spaces. It turns out to be a choice in heterogeneous contexts from which it is difficult to draw generalizations; the motives of solicitation of vodou, the time, the duration of attendance of a vodou practitioner and the frequency are variable. The mobilization of vodou in a disease episode is based on an explanatory model of the disease that refers to a distinct worldview. The logic of aggression (bad spells) dominated the co-constructed interpretation of the sufferings witnessed in our study. The discursive and practical responses shared in this research highlight the caring, preventive and therapeutic nature of vodou.
15
Wiedemann, Stefan J. "Modular prefabrication versus conventional construction as a cost effective alternative for the construction of single family detached housing in the Montreal area." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59854.
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The affordability crisis in the North American housing market has prompted the construction industry to reexamine technologies designed to lower cost through the factory mass production process. This thesis concentrates on modular prefabricated housing in the Province of Quebec in order to determine if this housing option can supply a less expensive alternative to comparable conventionally built housing. As issues of construction cost are allied with the quality of construction, a comparison between the conventional and the manufactured building industries, at this level, is also essential. Surveys evaluating sales cost and quality of construction have been developed for the modular prefabricated and conventional single family detached housing industry for the Province of Quebec. Fifteen prefabricated home builders and six conventional home builders were surveyed in order to facilitate the comparison between the two industries. It was found, based on the builders surveyed, that the average level of construction quality was consistent in both industries. The prefabricated residential home builders, however, proved on average to be approximately ten percent more expensive than the conventional home builders surveyed. Reasons for these cost discrepancies have been found to be related to the high start-up costs inherent in the manufactured housing industry, the overall cyclical market demand for housing, as well as price protection for distributors of manufactured housing.
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MacLeod, Roderick 1961. "Salubrious settings and fortunate families : the making of Montreal's golden square mile, 1840-1895." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35008.
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The Golden Square Mile is well known as the historic domain of Montreal's anglophone elite. Its idyllic setting on the mountainside, overlooking the city and the St Lawrence River, was a natural magnet for wealthy nineteenth-century families, just as it had been in the days of fur traders such as James McGill. As an urban environment, however, the Golden Square Mile was far more complicated than the sum of its mansions. Despite a long history of habitation by gentlemen farmers, the "GSM" took shape only as of mid-century, accompanying the rise of capitalist institutions and the middle classes. Furthermore, it was the result of a considerable amount of planning and salesmanship, which made fortunes for some landowners and speculators even before the first mansions appeared. The anglophone, Protestant character of the area also had to be encouraged, reflecting a growing cultural dichotomy within Montreal society. This thesis considers the Golden Square Mile within the context of urban history: it is a study of town planning, land ownership, architecture, and social geography. It also considers the built environment as a venue for broader social and cultural change.
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Pabayo, Roman. "The effects of a ban on extracurricular activities by teachers on students' levels of physical activity in the Montreal area /." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79061.
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Since physical activity is part of a healthy lifestyle, there is a lot of interest concerning the determinants of this behaviour in youth since it is tracked into adulthood. Environmental determinants belong to one subset of factors that influence physical activity. Baseline and one-year follow-up data on level of physical activity were collected in classroom questionnaires from 1264 7th grade students (56.2% of eligible students). Physical activity was assessed via an adaptation of the Weekly Activity Checklist. The effect of a ban on extracurricular activities on adolescent physical activity levels was determined. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the effect of the ban when controlling for baseline physical activity, the number of extracurricular activities regularly offered at the school, and season at baseline. Students attending high implementation schools were significantly more likely to increase their levels of physical activity after the ban was lifted, than students in low implementation schools (odds ratio (OR) = 1.49 (95% CI = 1.16, 1.91) and 2.19 (95% CI = 1.80, 2.67 for boys and girls respectively). These results suggest that a teachers' ban on sports-related ECAs was associated with a decrease in the PA levels of students attending secondary schools. The impact was higher among girls than boys.
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Extian-Babiuk, Tamara. ""To be sold, a Negro wench" : slave ads of the Montreal Gazette, 1785-1805." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98920.
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The purpose of this thesis is to provide a close textual reading of representations of slavery in The Montreal Gazette, primarily within the period of 1785-1805, the first twenty years after the newspaper became bilingual. This project has three main outcomes. Firstly, it provides a history of black slavery in Montreal details the founding of The Gazette and evaluates its spatial layout, particularly the classified section where slave ads appear. Secondly, it analyzes the representation of black slaves in two distinct news forms: (1) ads of sale and (2) notices of escaped slaves, with particular focus on representations of race, gender, class, and criminality. Thirdly, it addresses the presentation of race and national identity in The Gazette, through both textual analysis and comparative analysis with the United States and Haiti. The project engages with conceptions of Canadian national identity throughout, particularly with respect to issues of tolerance and selective memory.
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Boston, Patricia Helen. "Caring and culture : the practice of multiculturalism in a Canadian university hospital." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41544.
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This thesis examines how cultural understandings are generated and transmitted in a Canadian multicultural teaching hospital. It explores how issues of 'culture' are addressed formally and informally in the experiences of patients and practitioners. Using the approach of an institutional ethnography, emphasis is placed upon informal strategies of cultural care as a taken-for-granted practice in clinical life. It illuminates how pressure to learn culturally sensitive care seeps into the fabric of daily clinical life, and how cultural practices are constructed within a complex set of organized social practices.The study concludes that advocacy of multicultural policies, must consider the dominance of existing western health care paradigms. It advocates culturally responsive care as a parallel force that can collaborate with the regimes of formal health practices. It argues that providing effective health care to all segments of Canadian society requires structural changes in health education which need to address existing disjunctures between 'effective ideals' and ideological knowledge, in order that all are ensured optimum health care.
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Martin, Tania Marie. "Housing the Grey Nuns : power, religion and women in fin-de-siècle Montréal." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23201.
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Nineteenth-century Montreal convents are complex, multi-functional buildings. As a form of collective housing, convents provided an alternative urban "space" for women, one in which they were able to realize themselves individually and collectively. This thesis explores the Mother House of the Grey Nuns, typical of Montreal's convents, as a purpose-built environment for women.The research involves the extensive use of a unique documentary legacy preserved in the archives of the Grey Nuns: the architectural drawings and written accounts of Soeur Saint-Jean-de-la-Croix (1854-1921), in addition to the religious community's annals and period photographs. These documents recorded how the nuns organized their own built environment and permit a reconstruction of the convent's spatial arrangements, one hundred years after the fact. Although this building is monumental and designed by prominent Montreal architect Victor Bourgeau, it is only from exploring the perspectives of the users that we can truly see how large institutions operated. The division of the plans, the massing of the convent and its siting, among other aspects, communicate the nuns' distinct way of life, one that questioned the traditional boundaries of public and private imposed by society in turn-of-the-century Montreal, albeit from a limited position.
The convent is situated within the larger context of nineteenth-century Montreal, especially its hospitals, schools, asylums, and homes. While it shared many of the distinctive architectural features that characterized these building types, the convent also differed from them significantly in its organization. This thesis is intended to enrich our understanding of convents, the place in history of religious communities and the development of women in Quebec.
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Manjikian, Lalai. "Collective memory and diasporic articulations of imagined homes : Armenian community centres in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83192.
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This thesis examines the role of Armenian community centres, in relation to the local dwelling place of Montreal, the distant homeland, and the rest of the Armenian diaspora. Due to the staggering increase in migration and to the proliferation of transnational flows throughout the globe, our conception of home has substantially changed. Thus, what motivates immigrants to build and attend "diasporic dwellings" representative of their ethnicity in their new dwelling places? By describing the characteristics of the two largest Armenian community centres in Montreal, (the Armenian Community Centre and the ABGU Centre), I analyse how these mediated social spaces embody elements that represent a distant home, a diaspora, and the local dwelling place---complete with organizations, symbols, imagery, iconography, and language. Utilizing the methodology of participant observation and through conducting interviews, I demonstrate how members of the Armenian community living in Montreal, negotiate their multiple cultural identities through their involvement with Armenian community centres. Moreover, I discuss how the community centres articulate a collective memory in the present within Montreal's public sphere.
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Williamson, Erin. "Solar power water pump studies for small-scale irrigation." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101664.
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Irrigation is a well established procedure on many farms in western Canada and is practiced on various levels around the world. It allows diversification of crops, while increasing crop yields. However, typical irrigation systems consume a great amount of conventional energy through the use of electric motors and generators powered by fuel.The overall objective of this research was to determine the feasibility of using photovoltaic (PV) modules to power a water pump for a small-scale drip irrigation system in Montreal (Quebec, Canada). The study involved field observations, as well as computer simulations of global solar radiation and PV electrical output.
Field observations involved a summer and winter installation of two amorphous silicon 42 W PV modules, directly connected to a 12 V surface water pump. The parameters monitored were voltage, current, back-of-panel temperature, pressure, and flow. These observed parameters were used to determine PV electrical output and volume of water pumped. Site latitude, elevation, and panel tilt were applied to the solar radiation and PV electrical output models, along with the following meteorological data: daily average, maximum, and minimum temperatures, and global solar radiation.
Daily solar radiation prediction showed a linear correlation of 0.69 with the observed daily values, over the years 2000 to 2005. The correlation coefficient was improved to 0.91, when 7 day moving averages of both the observed and predicted solar radiation data were used. PV electrical output and volume of water pumped were monitored between August 2005 and May 2006. Both the power and water output observations were less than expected. However, the predicted daily PV electrical output ranged from 1.0 MJ d-1 in the summer to approximately 0.6 MJ d-1 in the winter. As expected, an increase in power caused an increase in the volume of water pumped.
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Caro, Josie Fely. "The educational experiences of Filipino youth in Quebec in the context of global migration /." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111610.
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Filipino youth in Montreal have one of the highest rates of not being in school. Reports of behavioural problems, difficulties integrating, school failure and parent-child relationship difficulties have been reported among Filipino Youth who came to Canada after their mothers came to work in Canada under the Live-In Caregiver Program and its predecessor, the Foreign Domestic Movement. Using a sociocultural framework, I interviewed seven Filipino youth to examine the factors that interact to influence their educational outcomes. I discovered that several of their problems were related to long periods of family separation. The inability to develop a close relationship with their mother, along with economic struggles was a source of difficulty and directly affected educational outcomes. The focus of learning French in order to do well in the Quebec High School system is another factor affecting the ability of Filipino youth to succeed in school.
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Lavigne, Jean-François. "Housing without families : the housing situation of non-family households in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61943.
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Pezzente, Mauro. "Effects of urban environmental conditions on the symbiosis between vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0002/MQ29764.pdf.
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Gilliland, Jason A. "Redimensioning Montreal : circulation and urban form, 1846-1918." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38193.
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The purpose of this thesis is to explore certain of the dynamics associated with the physical transformation of cities, using Montreal between 1846 and 1918 as a case study. Beyond the typical description or classification of urban forms, this study deals with the essential problem of how changes in form occurred as the city underwent a rapid growth and industrialization. Drawing insights from three different bodies of research---neoclassical theories of land rent, Marxian theories of capital accumulation, and space syntax theories of urban form---a theoretical and methodological approach is formulated which considers the city as a dynamic system, and acknowledges circulation as the driving force behind urban morphological change. It is argued that the built form of Montreal was continuously shaped and reshaped by the evolving strategies of a local "growth machine" which sought to reduce the turnover time of capital by "redimensioning" the urban "vascular system": that is, the streets, sidewalks, tracks, bridges, elevators, and canals, within which circulation takes place. This claim is interrogated and developed in each chapter through a series of empirical analyses utilizing evidence from several high-quality sources (e.g. atlases, municipal tax rolls, city surveyor reports, building inspector reports, photographs, and newspapers) to investigate the critical processes of building and rebuilding associated with phenomena such as destructive fires, the modernization of the port, street widenings, and the reconfiguration of the street grid. Each investigation explores the relationship between circulation and urban morphology. The series of investigations revealed certain regularities with respect to the spatial and temporal properties of morphological change. Consistent with expectations based on existing theories and research, the findings confirm the importance of centrality and accessibility to urban form, for the distribution of rents, and for patterns of land
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Dupéré, Sophie, and Sophie Dupéré. "Rouge, jaune, vert-- et noir : expériences de pauvreté et rôle des ressources sociosanitaires selon des hommes en situation de pauvreté à Montréal." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22530.
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Ce projet de recherche se situe dans le champ de la santé publique et a pour objet l'étude de la pauvreté, de ses liens avec la santé et du rôle que peuvent jouer à cet égard les ressources sociosanitaires. L'étude, qui prend la forme d'une thèse par articles, poursuivait trois objectifs : permettre de mieux comprendre les expériences et les représentations d'hommes vivant en situation de pauvreté quant à cette dernière et à la manière d'en sortir ; mieux cerner le rôle des ressources d'aide sociosanitaires et leur importance relative dans les trajectoires de vies d'hommes en situation de pauvreté ; proposer, à partir d'un savoir expérientiel, des pistes d'interventions pertinentes en matière de lutte à la pauvreté en tant que déterminant de la santé. Ce projet, d'orientation qualitative et participative, a été effectué en collaboration avec un centre communautaire d'un quartier défavorisé de Montréal. Diverses méthodes de collecte de données ont été déployées : un journal de bord, 80 jours d'observation participante, 22 entrevues individuelles semi-dirigées et 6 groupes de discussion avec des hommes en situation de pauvreté. La stratégie d'analyse repose sur l'approche de théorisation ancrée interprétative de Charmaz et sur l'approche des récits de vie de Bertaux. Le premier objectif est abordé dans deux chapitres. Dans le chapitre 3, le premier article de la thèse présente les représentations, recueillies à l'aide d'un outil de type éducation populaire intitulé Mon histoire de vie dans le «rouge, jaune, vert», que les hommes rencontrés se font de la pauvreté et de la manière d'en sortir. Le chapitre 4 analyse quant à lui l'expérience de la pauvreté telle que perçue par les hommes pour en dégager les principales dimensions. En plus de cerner plusieurs dimensions significatives de la pauvreté et de sa sortie, ces deux chapitres montrent que les regards des hommes sur leur propre situation contrastent avec les représentations sociales couramment véhiculées. Dans le chapitre 5, les constats saillants entourant le deuxième objectif de la thèse sont d'abord synthétisés à l'aide de «Charlot Laforce», un outil de validation participative des résultats utilisé dans le cadre du projet. Le deuxième article de la thèse y présente ensuite les expériences des hommes concernant leur choix de ne pas recourir aux ressources sociosanitaires lors de moments de détresse où ils jugeaient pourtant avoir besoin d'aide. Le troisième objectif quant à lui est abordé dans le chapitre 6 où sont rapportées les suggestions proposées par les participants quant aux interventions à mettre en place pour lutter contre la pauvreté et améliorer les services d'aide. Finalement, le chapitre 7 résume l'ensemble des résultats, en apprécie les forces et les faiblesses, et conclut sur les pistes qu'ils ouvrent en termes de recherche et d'intervention en santé publique.Ce projet de recherche se situe dans le champ de la santé publique et a pour objet l'étude de la pauvreté, de ses liens avec la santé et du rôle que peuvent jouer à cet égard les ressources sociosanitaires. L'étude, qui prend la forme d'une thèse par articles, poursuivait trois objectifs : permettre de mieux comprendre les expériences et les représentations d'hommes vivant en situation de pauvreté quant à cette dernière et à la manière d'en sortir ; mieux cerner le rôle des ressources d'aide sociosanitaires et leur importance relative dans les trajectoires de vies d'hommes en situation de pauvreté ; proposer, à partir d'un savoir expérientiel, des pistes d'interventions pertinentes en matière de lutte à la pauvreté en tant que déterminant de la santé. Ce projet, d'orientation qualitative et participative, a été effectué en collaboration avec un centre communautaire d'un quartier défavorisé de Montréal. Diverses méthodes de collecte de données ont été déployées : un journal de bord, 80 jours d'observation participante, 22 entrevues individuelles semi-dirigées et 6 groupes de discussion avec des hommes en situation de pauvreté. La stratégie d'analyse repose sur l'approche de théorisation ancrée interprétative de Charmaz et sur l'approche des récits de vie de Bertaux. Le premier objectif est abordé dans deux chapitres. Dans le chapitre 3, le premier article de la thèse présente les représentations, recueillies à l'aide d'un outil de type éducation populaire intitulé Mon histoire de vie dans le «rouge, jaune, vert», que les hommes rencontrés se font de la pauvreté et de la manière d'en sortir. Le chapitre 4 analyse quant à lui l'expérience de la pauvreté telle que perçue par les hommes pour en dégager les principales dimensions. En plus de cerner plusieurs dimensions significatives de la pauvreté et de sa sortie, ces deux chapitres montrent que les regards des hommes sur leur propre situation contrastent avec les représentations sociales couramment véhiculées. Dans le chapitre 5, les constats saillants entourant le deuxième objectif de la thèse sont d'abord synthétisés à l'aide de «Charlot Laforce», un outil de validation participative des résultats utilisé dans le cadre du projet. Le deuxième article de la thèse y présente ensuite les expériences des hommes concernant leur choix de ne pas recourir aux ressources sociosanitaires lors de moments de détresse où ils jugeaient pourtant avoir besoin d'aide. Le troisième objectif quant à lui est abordé dans le chapitre 6 où sont rapportées les suggestions proposées par les participants quant aux interventions à mettre en place pour lutter contre la pauvreté et améliorer les services d'aide. Finalement, le chapitre 7 résume l'ensemble des résultats, en apprécie les forces et les faiblesses, et conclut sur les pistes qu'ils ouvrent en termes de recherche et d'intervention en santé publique.
This research project is in the field of public health and focuses on the study of poverty, its links to health and the role health and social resources can play in this regard. The project, which takes the form of a thesis composed of articles, pursued three objectives. First, it aimed to better understand how men living in poverty experience and perceive their situation and conceive of ways to change it. Secondly, it attempted to elucidate how health and social services influence the processes that cause men to fall in, and sometimes escape from, poverty. Thirdly, it drew on the knowledge thus generated to suggest interventions relevant to the fight against poverty. This qualitative and participatory oriented research was done in collaboration with a community Center in a disadvantaged neighbourhood of Montreal. The data were collected through a diary, 80 days of participant observation, 22 semi-directed interviews and 6 group discussions with men living in poverty. We based our analytical strategy on Charmaz's interpretive grounded theory methods and Bertaux's life-history approach. The first objective of the thesis is covered by two chapters. In Chapter 3, the first article of the thesis presents the representations of poverty and its exit collected through a popular education tool named My life course in the «red, yellow, green». Chapter 4, a complementary chapter, presents the experiences of poverty as perceived by men themselves and reveals the main dimensions they see about it. In addition to identifying several significant dimensions of poverty and its exit, the results of these two chapters show how the perspectives of the participants about their situation can challenge commonly held social representations about them. In Chapter 5 we first summarize the main results pertaining the second objective of our thesis with «Charlot Laforce», a participatory validation tool used in the study. The second article of the thesis then presents the experiences of men living in deep poverty regarding their decision not to seek out health and social services in moments of crisis, even when they recognized needing help. The results about the third objective of the thesis are found in chapter 6. Men's suggestions and recommendations of relevant interventions to fight poverty and improve services are offered there. Finally, Chapter 7 reviews the main findings of the study, the limits and strengths of the project and the implications of these results for future research and interventions.
This research project is in the field of public health and focuses on the study of poverty, its links to health and the role health and social resources can play in this regard. The project, which takes the form of a thesis composed of articles, pursued three objectives. First, it aimed to better understand how men living in poverty experience and perceive their situation and conceive of ways to change it. Secondly, it attempted to elucidate how health and social services influence the processes that cause men to fall in, and sometimes escape from, poverty. Thirdly, it drew on the knowledge thus generated to suggest interventions relevant to the fight against poverty. This qualitative and participatory oriented research was done in collaboration with a community Center in a disadvantaged neighbourhood of Montreal. The data were collected through a diary, 80 days of participant observation, 22 semi-directed interviews and 6 group discussions with men living in poverty. We based our analytical strategy on Charmaz's interpretive grounded theory methods and Bertaux's life-history approach. The first objective of the thesis is covered by two chapters. In Chapter 3, the first article of the thesis presents the representations of poverty and its exit collected through a popular education tool named My life course in the «red, yellow, green». Chapter 4, a complementary chapter, presents the experiences of poverty as perceived by men themselves and reveals the main dimensions they see about it. In addition to identifying several significant dimensions of poverty and its exit, the results of these two chapters show how the perspectives of the participants about their situation can challenge commonly held social representations about them. In Chapter 5 we first summarize the main results pertaining the second objective of our thesis with «Charlot Laforce», a participatory validation tool used in the study. The second article of the thesis then presents the experiences of men living in deep poverty regarding their decision not to seek out health and social services in moments of crisis, even when they recognized needing help. The results about the third objective of the thesis are found in chapter 6. Men's suggestions and recommendations of relevant interventions to fight poverty and improve services are offered there. Finally, Chapter 7 reviews the main findings of the study, the limits and strengths of the project and the implications of these results for future research and interventions.
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Guindon, Jocelyn M. "La contestation des espaces gais au centre-ville de Montreal depuis 1950 /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38199.
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Urban spaces and their meanings are continually reinvented by daily life and representational practices. Public spaces provide an avenue to analyse the construction and contestation of political and social power in the city. The geography of Montreal's gay men's communities underwent profound changes during the 1980s. The traditional gay areas of the downtown core and the "Red Light" districts have disappeared in favour of a new gay quarter, the Village. This transformation raises questions about the exercise of power in space since the heart of the gay neighbourhood and the downtown area were one in the same. The accumulated symbolism of downtown Montreal was contested and subverted by the growing visibility of sexual minorities. This analysis of urban space reflects a transformation in public discourse that evolved from a tight control of morals, to the confinement of private morality to private spaces, and finally to the constitution of a discourse centered on human rights. A variety of qualitative methods including interviews and documentary sources, such as the community press, have been used to show the political dimension of public space and the manipulation of the symbolic economy allowing the establishment of rights to urban space.Dominion Square is the spatial focus around which collective and social phenomena have been analysed. The impacts of these phenomena on our collective imaginations have been reconstructed. The transformation of central urban space by modernist architecture and urban functionalism, reconfigured public spaces in the downtown core, along with its definitions, its representations and its control. A mapping of gay geographic imagination shows the importance of sexuality, language, social class, religion and national identities in the development of a sense of belonging in space. It has been shown that gay geographic imagination is necessarily linked to other aspects of identity and diverse manifestations of power. This imagination questioned the privileged representations of hegemonic social values through the practices of daily life, the subversion of the meaning of space and political protest. Police repression showed itself to be only one of the strategies used by the municipal establishment in its censorship practices.
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Dinh, Bich Thi. "A study of cultural conflict as experienced by adolescents of Vietnamese origin in Montreal secondary schools." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35231.
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This study is an inquiry into cultural conflict experienced by adolescents of Vietnamese origin in Montreal. It examines the nature of the conflicts as they are experienced by the adolescents themselves, as they are perceived by the parents, and by the teachers, counsellors and principals at the secondary schools they attended. The study also examines the course of the conflicts and the kinds of solutions used to resolve them. Separate semi-structured interviews were conducted with six adolescents, five parents and seven school personnel in two public schools attended by the students. Analysis of the interviews showed that students, parents and school personnel tended to define the problems in different ways and to have very different perceptions of their causes. In those families in which the problems of cultural conflict manifested themselves most severely, parents and children tended to use behaviours leading to a deterioration of relations between them and employed a very limited range of alternatives for conflict resolution.
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Pietrobruno, Sheenagh. "Salsa and its transnational moves : the commodification of latin dance in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38417.
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In Montreal, salsa dancing is both an expression of Latin identity and a cultural commodity. Many Montrealers of Latin descent adopt salsa dance as part of their cultural heritage only after arriving in Canada, connecting, through salsa, to a transnational Latin identity that crosses the Americas. This situation illustrates how cultural affiliations are not necessarily fixed, but can be acquired in response to changing circumstances. Since salsa is not indigenous to the city, residents of Montreal can only access it through cultural institutions and community media outlets. This commodification influences the manner in which salsa expresses Latin identity in the city. At the same time that salsa dancing proclaims Latin identity for certain individuals in the city, the practice thrives in a multicultural context: the Montreal salsa scene comprises diverse individuals who promote, teach, and dance salsa. This dissertation addresses points of division and cooperation among diverse cultures, ethnicities, races, and both sexes, as they are played out in aspects of salsa dancing in the city. The unfolding of these relationships is influenced by both the commodification of salsa dancing and its link to Latin culture. This analysis seeks to provide a theoretical account of the tension between salsa's expression of identity and its status as a commodified cultural practice. This perspective integrates various approaches to the study of dance and culture stemming from anthropology, sociology and cultural studies. Analyzing the Montreal salsa scene, I draw from in-depth interviews with individuals involved in the promotion of Latin dance and music, as well as participant observations in salsa dance classes, clubs and events. The methodology of this research combines ethnography with various areas of concern: the history of salsa, Latin immigration patterns in Montreal, theories of multiculturalism, transnationalism and diaspora, the Latin influence in ballroom dance, Europe
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Moser, Diane. "Hometown and family ties : the marriage registers of the Lebanese-Syrian Orthodox Churches of Montreal, 1905-1950." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22388.
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This thesis examines the Lebanese-Syrian Orthodox community of Montreal between 1905-1950 primarily through information found in the marriage registers of the two Orthodox churches. The first purpose of this study is to evaluate the importance of the three pillars of this ethno-religious group's culture--religion, family and hometown. The second purpose is to draw a composite of this immigrant community based on the information provided in the valuable source of an immigrant church's records. This study serves as a beginning for further studies of the Lebanese-Syrian Orthodox community in Montreal, this ethno-religious group's largest and founding community in Canada.
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Starkey, Linda Jacobs. "Nutrition and sociodemographic characteristics of Montreal food bank provision recipients." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35899.
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Parallel to the widening gap between high and low income status in Canada has been the increasing number of individuals and families accessing community food banks. In the 1990's, food security reached the national agenda for action, yet no study had described the nutrition and sociodemographic characteristics of a random sample of food bank provision recipients, specifically their nutrient intake throughout the month or at the end of the month when food and money are thought to be most limited. Preliminary studies, at two sites identified the contents of food bank provisions and the clientele to be surveyed. Thereafter, 490 food bank users were randomly selected from a stratified random sample of 57 Montreal area food banks. A dietitian-administered sociodemographic questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall were completed upon client enrolment at the food banks; following this, three further in-person 24-h recall interviews were conducted, week-by-week over the month. Sixty-two people did not complete all interviews. The 428 people completing four interviews were primarily healthy, well-educated adults (overall mean age 41.5 +/- 12.6 years; men 41.4 +/- 12.2 and women 41.4 +/- 13.0 years) who perceived the food banks as a necessary community service. The frail elderly and single parents with large families did not use food banks. Mean energy intake was similar to the general Quebec population (10.2 and 7.9 MJ for men and women, respectively) and macronutrient intake was stable throughout the month. With the exception of calcium, mean nutrient intakes met recommended levels and were not influenced by income-week nor by energy intake variability. Intakes of several nutrients were related to frequency of food bank use, household size, smoking, education and country of birth. When intakes expressed as food group servings were compared to the number of servings recommended in Canada's Food Guide to Healthy Eating, no age or sex group met the Milk Products group minimu
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Veilleux, Denis. "La motorisation, ou, "La rançon du progrès" : tramways, véhicules-moteurs et circulation (Montréal, 1900-1930)." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35641.
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The subject of this thesis is a technology, the motor vehicle, that greatly affected our society. Between 1900 and 1930, motorization progressed rapidly in the Montreal area as the motor vehicle became a dominant mode of urban transportation. But to reach such a status, the new technology needed more than an increasing number of people adopting it. Because the street was already occupied by different users, automobile drivers had to impose the motor car on it. Above all, it was with tramway promoters that they had to "negociate".This negotiation related to both the space available in the street and the movement of vehicles. Concerning space, the omnipresence of tramways and their installations along with the parking of motor vehicles, particularly in the downtown area of Montreal, led to suggestions of wide boulevards and subway systems as possible solutions. The fact that tramways had priority in traffic and could not be passed by motor vehicles constituted major obstacles for motorists anxious to benefit from the motor car. By the end of the 1920s, conflicts were so intense that the notion of progress was used to promote both the motor vehicle and the tramway.
These conflicts over the sharing of streets had other implications. First, different sections of Montreal's elite favoured one technology over the other. On the one hand, motorists were well organized. At the same time, tramway concerns were determined to protect their monopoly. This animosity within the elite was intensified by antimonopoly feelings and by dissatisfaction with tramway service. Finally, traffic problems multiplied with motorization: deaths, accidents, law suits and downtown congestion. Traffic became an important preoccupation leading to an increase in police forces and the establishment of numerous organizations dedicated to traffic management.
The popular classes of Montreal were not excluded from these conflicts among the elites. Generally speaking, the entire population was forced to take sides with one group of promoters or the other. Motorization then appears as a factor of division within social classes as well as a phenomenon transcending the barriers between them.
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Williams, Dorothy W. "Sankofa : recovering Montreal’s heterogeneous Black print serials." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=94136.
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Using the sankofa archival praxis, this thesis seeks to recover the unknown periodicals of Quebec’s largest urban area and Canada’s second largest. This qualitative research examines 196 Black periodicals published in Greater Montreal, from 1934 to the present. As a case study of Black-controlled serialized literature it includes: journals, newspapers, magazines, directories, bulletins, and newsletters. This thesis seeks to capture, organize, and catalogue a comprehensive checklist of Montreal’s Black serials. Despite the scores of Black publications produced in the last seventy years, the vast majority of the 196 titles located are unknown to Black readers within Montreal, Quebec. While this thesis assumes that the silence of these documents is intricately linked to the marginalized status of Blacks within Canada as a whole, and Quebec in particular, it focuses upon the context of the serials’ evolution, their concomitant invisibility within the Black community of Montreal and the national and urban context of these documents. The research does not ask why this body of literature is unknown to the general populace, but rather, why Blacks themselves, as creators, that is, the Black owners, journalists, and editors of the serials, are unaware of the existence of these serials. This dissertation explores the extent to which four factors may have contributed to the invisibility of these serials in Canada and in particular in the unique setting of Montreal: language, ethnicity, orality and the treatment of documents.À l’aide de la praxis archivistique sankofa, cette thèse a pour but de retracer les périodiques inconnus dans la plus grande zone urbaine du Québec. Ma recherche qualitative examine 196 périodiques destinés aux Noirs et publiés dans la région métropolitaine de Montréal, de 1934 à ce jour. Cette étude de cas portant sur des documents sérialisés contrôlés par des Noirs comprend des revues, des journaux, des magazines, des annuaires, des bulletins et des nouvelles. Cette thèse tente de saisir, d’organiser et de cataloguer une liste exhaustive de contrôle des séries d’imprimés puliés par des noirs dans la région de Montréal. Malgré la foule de publications pour Noirs produites au cours des soixantedix dernières années, la vaste majorité des 196 titres que j’ai répertoriés sont inconnus des lecteurs noirs à Montréal, au Québec. Bien que cette thèse assume que le silence de ces documents est étroitement relié au statut marginalisé des Noirs dans l’ensemble du Canada, plus particulièrement au Québec, je mettrai l’emphase sur le contexte de l’évolution des séries, leur invisibilité concomitante au sein de la communauté noire de Montréal, ainsi que le contexte national et urbain de ces documents. La recherche n’explique pas pourquoi cet ensemble de documents est inconnu du grand public, mais plutôt pourquoi les Noirs eux-mêmes, en tant que créateurs, soit les propriétaires, les journalistes et les éditeurs noirs des séries, ne soupçonnent pas l’existence de ces séries. Cette dissertation explore l’étendue des quatre facteurs qui ont contribué à l’invisibilité de ces séries au Canada et particulièrement dans le milieu unique de Montréal: la langue, l’ethnicité, l’oralité et le traitement des documents. fr
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Gagné, Isabelle. ""Au-delà des apparences : le corps investi par le voile" : discours, représentations et pratiques de femmes musulmanes originaires de l'Iran, du Maroc et de la Tunisie ayant immigré à Montréal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26500/26500.pdf.
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Lewis, Robert David. "Industry and space : the making of Montreal's industrial geography, 1850-1918." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39790.
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The purpose of this thesis is to explore several issues regarding the industrial geography of the North American city between 1850 and 1918, using Montreal as a case-study. The two dominant locational theories (Weberian and transactional) are critiqued and three problems are identified: their reliance on simplistic conceptions of industrial organization; their inability to take account of cycles of investment; and their neglect of the social construction of the built environment. A reformulation of urban industrial geography is presented which stresses the diversity of productive strategies open to industries; the relationship of these strategies to rhythms of changes to technology, the labour process, and the organizational structure of firms; and the actions of local growth machines in the making of industrial space. These claims are developed through an empirical examination of Montreal. Using the municipal tax assessment rolls a description of the location of Montreal's manufacturing firms in 1861 and 1890 establishes the context for a discussion of the key dynamics of the city's industrial geography through histories of selected industries (clothing, metal, cotton, and baking) and industrial districts (Saint-Ann and Saint-Henri).
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Armstrong, Derek. "Alleviating traffic congestion in Montreal's Champlain Bridge corridor : commuter rail or express bus?" Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82680.
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Car dependency has resulted in traffic congestion in the Champlain Bridge corridor between the South Shore and Montreal CBD. This thesis addresses the ongoing debate of whether an inflexible rail or more flexible express bus system is better suited for travel in the corridor. An exploratory analysis of commuters revealed dispersed work destinations, suburb-to-suburb commuting, and public transit constraints for car users, providing evidence that rail would not be an effective solution. Factors known to affect mode choice such as access walking time, cost, and number of transfers were quantified in a discrete choice model of mode choice by commuters in existing rail corridors in Montreal. The model was then applied to the Champlain Bridge corridor under the assumption of hypothetical rail implementation. The projected demand for rail was lower than current express bus use in the corridor, suggesting that there would be no justification in incurring the great expense of building a rail system to replace the current express bus system. Improvement of the established bus system would have greater potential to reduce car trips.
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Abukhattala, Ibrahim. "Educational and cultural adjustment of ten Arab Muslim students in Canadian university classrooms." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84872.
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Arab Canadians are a heterogeneous and frequently misunderstood group whose educational background and cultural heritage have received little attention in the scholarly literature. In multicultural Canada, educators, curriculum developers, textbook authors and policy makers rely on available literature to inform their decision-making processes. Mainstream media, as a source of information and insight, do not fill this need.In this inquiry, I examine the cross cultural and educational experiences of ten Arab undergraduate students in two English-language universities in Montreal. Participants were from Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco and have been in Canada for three to seven years.
Classic qualitative methodological tools of in-depth interviews, participant observation and document analysis were employed to record, analyze and interpret the experiences of these students. In order to give voice to these students' insights and experiences, a narrative approach is used in presenting and interpreting the data.
Seven themes identified as educational issues emerged from the analysis: Student-Teacher Relationship; Teaching Methodology; Democratic dialogue in the classroom; Teaching and learning foreign languages; Examinations; Research and Library Facilities; and Problems encountered in interactive classroom. Two themes, identified as cultural issues, emerged: Canadians' Perceptions of Arabs and Muslims from the perspectives of the participants; Islamic dress (hijab) and Sex-segregated relationships.
The analysis revealed differences in culture, language, and social and educational systems between these students' countries of origin and Canada as the major sources of these students' positive and negative experiences. The study concludes that Canadian educators can assist these students by becoming aware of their home culture, different learning styles, frustrations in adjusting to school life and in overcoming cultural shock; and by helping them adjust to Canadian educational system and learn about the Canadian culture.
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Li, Beibei 1980. "Determining the optimal location for a large organic food store in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101602.
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In this thesis, the optimal location for a large format, organic food retail store is determined using the Huff Model in Montreal, Canada. The Huff Model has been widely used in marketing analysis to determine the optimal location in a variety of contexts. First, the study used Statistics Canada 2001 food expenditure data for Montreal to generate a double log linear food expenditure model for Montreal consumers. Variance Inflation Factors were calculated to test if there were multicollinearity problems, and a Breusch-Pagen test was done to test for heteroskedasticity. Neither of the results showed any statistical problems. Second, AC Nielson survey results were used to facilitate the organic food expenditure calculation process. Third, the travel distance from all census tracts in Montreal to the candidate store locations were calculated using the Manhattan distance calculator (McLafferty and Grady, 2005). Finally, the Huff Model was used to calculate an attractiveness index for each candidate location. The conclusion from the results of the empirical analysis was that, among the 45 candidate locations, which are scattered all across Montreal, 5445 de Gaspe gained the highest attractiveness index. This location is situated close to relatively affluent and highly populated areas of the city, and is also very accessible. Not only is this just a few blocks from two metro stations, and close to city bus routes, it is also adjacent to several major streets such as Saint-Laurent to the west, Saint-Denis to the east, Rosemont to the north and Saint-Joseph to the south. This thesis has provided a new application of the Huff model, which could be used in various markets, and has provided an interesting combination of models from the field of Economic Geography, and Agricultural Economics.
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Johnson-Down, Louise. "A nutritional assessment of low income and multi-ethnic school children 9-12 years old and validation of alternative tools to measure fat intake." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23898.
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Despite the recognition that culturally diverse groups of children in low income areas are at elevated risk for future health problems, no dietary/nutritional studies have been reported on this population. Children aged 9-12 were sampled from schools selected on the basis of a poverty index and ethnicity. Nutritional information (24-hour recall, heights and weights) indicated children were growing well but a high proportion were overweight. A comparison of reported energy intake to calculated BMR indicated that overweight children under-estimated their intakes. Mean intakes met the Canadian RNIs except for calcium in 10-12 year old girls. Nutrient intake was related to family size, income and ethnic origin. Validation of two alternative tools to measure fat intake proved unsuccessful. In conclusion, dietary intake for these school children was adequate for all nutrients except calcium in 10-12 year old girls, but for approximately 40% of children, intake exceeded energy requirements.
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Payette-Daoust, Michelle. "The Montreal garment industry, 1871-1901 /." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66085.
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Diggins, Kimberly A. "Shifting cultures of recycled style : a history of second-hand clothing markets in Montreal." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/MQ43853.pdf.
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Poutanen, Mary Anne 1952. "For the benefit of the master : the Montreal needle trades during the transition 1820-1842." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66049.
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Kelly, Patricia 1968. "Integrating Islam : a Muslim school in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27945.
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Despite discrimination in mainstream Canadian society, local Muslim communities are a significant resource for immigrants. Recruited by friendship and kin networks, some families chose to educate their children in private full-time Muslim schools which provide academic/economic credentials and social support. Through participant observation and semi-structured interviews, this research depicts a Muslim school in Montreal which both reflects Quebec society and nurtures minority ethnic/religious identity. For many parents, Arabic language classes, academic standards, and behavioral norms were as important as the school's religious affiliation. Rejecting the hypothesis that emphasizing religious and cultural identities distanced children from mainstream society, some felt that the psychological and social effects of affirming a child's background were vital to integration and participation in mainstream society. In addition, the school also provided entry into social networks which offered parents an important support system.
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Vanthuyne, Karine. ""Trouver les mots pour le dire" : s'approprier un certain pouvoir sur l'expérience de la folie à travers la prise de parole." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33942.
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This anthropological study focuses on people's subjective experiences of mental health problems in Quebec, and highlights the different processes involved in the narrativization and enunciation of the experience of psychiatric disorder. It was completed in Montreal in 2001, and included participant observation in three resources of the Regroupment des resouces alternatives en sante mentale du Quebec (RRASMQ). Nine people of Quebecois origin, users of these mental health services, were interviewed. After a brief survey of the literature concerned with the narrative transformation of experience and its expression in the social realm, this report identifies some of the narrative structures of the illness accounts that were collected for this project. I look, on the one hand, at the various languages used in the articulation of "mental illness", and on the other hand, at the power relations that are activated through the use of those languages. This study tries to determine to what extent it is possible for a sufferer of "mental illness" to empower him/herself through the narrativization and expression of one's experience of mental health problems.
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Denison, Donald Brian. "The transition to university : academic experiences in the first semester." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35872.
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This descriptive case study was an investigation of the transition to university, with a focus on academic experiences in the first semester of the 1992--93 academic year at a Canadian research university. To guide the study, a conceptual framework of the transition to university was created by combining elements of relevant theoretical models in the counseling and higher education literature. A purposive sample of eight first year students was selected, equally distributed in terms of gender, entry status (high school vs. college), and actual or contemplated program of study (English vs. Physics). Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews conducted at four points in the academic year. These were supplemented by class schedules, university documents, and classroom visits. Analysis of the interview data was conducted using the NUD·IST software package.The results of the study suggest that students are strangers, in a strange land during their first semester at university. As they encounter successive sets of academic challenges throughout the semester, they are "learning the ropes" of functioning in this unfamiliar territory. In so doing, students are acquiring the experiential knowledge base that will allow them to survive in university. The results support the study's conceptualization of the transition to university, but also suggest that figure research in this area requires a more fine-grained and comprehensive model of the academic environment as experienced by students. Towards this end, the basic elements of an ecological perspective on the academic world of university students are presented. Areas of needed research related to the academic transition experiences of first year students are identified, and recommendations are made for improving orientation and academic advising, as well as course design and instructional practices.
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Morris, Jason. "Rethinking juvenile prostitution : insights from youths on the street." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0015/MQ55121.pdf.
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Hallak, Mahmoud Essam. "Privacy in homes of Shaamy Muslim immigrants : a study of privacy patterns in single-family detached homes and townhouses of middle-class immigrants in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33262.
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After W.W.II several waves of mostly highly educated, middle-class, traditional Muslim families from Shaam arrived in Canada. The major problem that faced them, as a result of cultural differences with their new milieu, was the unresponsiveness of their living environment in Montreal to their distinguished religious and cultural needs---most notably those involving the idea of privacy . The purpose of this study is to examine privacy patterns in homes of the Shaamy community in Montreal, by analyzing the physical characteristics of their single-family detached homes and townhouses, usage patterns of domestic space, and inhabitants' social behavior. The research goes further to explore privacy-induced patterns of change in the physical environment of the home, space functions, and domestic behavior, which aim to improve privacy conditions in community homes.In particular, this research provides a description and analysis of the indigenous lifestyle and the socio-religious and cultural privacy concepts of this community. The research then scrutinizes the correlation between these elements and the physical characteristics of Montreal's housing patterns, and privacy concepts which are embodied in their designs. Both internal home layouts and functions, and outdoor settings are analyzed in relation to community privacy conceptions. This investigation process intends to diagnose major privacy deficiencies in the design of their homes and to highlight domestic privacy mechanisms and utilization modes of the home environment. Finally, criteria are established for improving the design of community detached homes and townhouses, with minimal change to their physical structure and patterns.
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Johnson, Druscilla. "Examining the overrepresentation of black males in the young offender system." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29952.
Full textAbstract:
There is an ongoing and polarizing discourse with respect to the impartiality of the criminal justice system in its transactions with visible minority populations. Much of the controversy centers on the cause of the controversy centers disproportionate number of minority youth cases in North America and the U.K. criminal justice systems. In Canada, there is a dearth of research into the overrepresentation of Black youths in the Young Offender System. An examination of Montreal's Young Offender court records from 1992--1998 (n = 1714) reveals that race is a strong predictor of charge (p < .05) and disposition (p < .0001), controlling for age, language and birthplace. The study further finds that Black youth are charged with more violent offenses and receive more restrictive dispositions. Impact and implications for youth, the criminal justice system and social work are discussed. Further research including socioeconomic factors and prior history is recommended.
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Parent, Uribe Santiago. "Endotoxins detection and control in drinking water systems." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100231.
Full textAbstract:
Endotoxins are a constituent of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) complexes present in the outer layer of the cell wall of most Gram-negative bacteria and some cyanobacteria. The ingestion by a typical adult of amounts exceeding 1,000 endotoxin units (EUs) can cause fever, diarrhoea, vomiting, acute respiratory illnesses, and lung inflammation. In contrast, much smaller doses may lead to protective immunity against allergic diseases.Endotoxins can be released in the air as well as in the water; previous studies have mainly focused on airborne endotoxins. Although many studies on endotoxins in raw and treated drinking waters have been performed, few have assessed seasonal variations and none have been conducted in Eastern Canada. Furthermore, a clear understanding of removal of endotoxins by various water treatment processes is still required.
Two methods to measure the concentrations of endotoxin were used and compared, the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate test (LAL) and the recombinant Factor C test (rFC). Raw water samples were taken from various drinking water sources around the Island of Montreal. The effects of free chlorine, UV radiation, and ozone were studied in batch experiments on filtered water samples via typical dosages and fluences used in drinking water treatment facilities. Residual concentrations for free chlorine were 0.8 and 1.6 mg/L; ozone doses were 0.5 and 1 mg/L; UV fluences were 40 and 100 mWs/cm2. Detention times of 20 and 60 minutes were tested for chlorine and 5 and 20 minutes for ozone. Grab sampling from three drinking water treatment plants in the Montreal area was performed during the months of June and late August/September 2006 and January 2007. Processes at these plants include coagulation and flocculation, sand filtration, ozonation and disinfection by chlorine. To test the variation in endotoxin concentrations during a sand filter cycle, samples were withdrawn directly from a filter in one of the treatment plants studied. The filtration cycle, from one backwash to the next one, lasts 72 h. Samples were collected immediately before the backwash, at the beginning and at the end of the ripening period, at the beginning of the filtration cycle and 48 h later, which corresponds to a half cycle period.
Of the two endotoxin detection methods used, LAL consistently gave slightly higher values compared to rFC; rFC also required more expensive hardware, but the method was less tedious and reagent costs were lower. Results presented, unless otherwise stated, were obtained with the rFC method. Endotoxin levels decreased in raw water samples between June and September. Concentrations ranged from 20 to 30 EU/mL in June, and decreased to 10 to 14 EU/mL in August and beyond. For the disinfection processes, the UV and free chlorine doses tested had little or no effect on the endotoxin concentrations, but ozone reduced the concentrations by up to 75%. Sand filtration and flocculation showed significant endotoxin removal efficiencies (50--60%). Levels remained around 5 EU/mL throughout the remaining treatment processes regardless of the influent concentration. Hence, endotoxin inactivation by free chlorine and UV does not occur with typical doses used in drinking water treatment plants; in contrast, flocculation and sand filtration, as well as ozonation, are much more effective.